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COLUMBUS: Friday Morning, October IT, 1850. LARGEST CITY CIRCULATION. Election Itemu. Wo have received nothing further by tele graph from the elections. The Montgomery Advertiser, of yesterday morning, contains dispatches which state that tho Mack Republicans had given up Pennsyl vania by 15,000 majority, and that the Demo crats havo certainly elected sixteen Congress men. Very meagre returns have boon received from Indiana. • The South-western counties are said to have given Democratic majorities but it iB believed that the Funionists have car ried the State. The few returns from Ohio, create the bo lief that the Mack Uepuhlicunshave carried the State, though it is stated that Louis D. Camp bell has been beaten for Congress. (Jen. Whitfield is reported to bo elected Del gate to Congress from Kansas. P. S. Since tbe above was in type, we have received a dispatch from our attentive corres pondent, which will 1)0 found under the tele graphic head. ———~ ♦ - Tho Kail Itoad Accident- The accident on the Montgomery and West Point Road, noticed in the Sun on Tuesday morning, happened from tho following cause, a slated by tlie Journal.’ It says “the ac i blent was owing to the ruils notmeeting snug ly together, one being found back of the other, and tbe wheel of the engine coining in contact with the projecting eud, out off a portion of it and bounded off tbe track. Heavy freight trains passing over the new portion of the road bad caused the slipping of the bar.” The negroes wero not killed, as stated by • is, but were terribly mangled. One had both legs amputated and died the same day ; the other had one leg amputated, and is said to be iu a fair way to recover. One belonged to Jackson Burch, and the other to the estate of James Burch, deceased, and were hired on the road. X n urther from Florida. Tho Mobile Tribune is indebted to a private letter from Pensacola for tbe following: “ We board to-day from Walton county, which, ns you know, has always been strong Whig and afterwards Know Nothing. The following is the result: Walker, (K. N.) for Governor 10 maj. Hawkins, (Dem.) “ Congress 10 “ Welch, •’ “ Senator 50 “ Campbell, “ “ Representative. 1G “ It will bo seen from this that tho vote is hardly a test of tho condition of the party sen timent of the county. An average of the ma jorities would give it to the democrats. At the governor’s election of 1851, Walton county gave a whig majority of 39. In the election of 1852 for the Presidency, the party vote was, Scott 113, l’ierco 78. The Enqnircr of yesterday gives a compila lion of the majorities in all the counties except six. The result is as follows : For Governor, Walker, (Amerioan) 8,785; Perry, (Dem.) 1,090. Add to this the majority for Walker in Walton, and he still has 295 majority to over come in the counties of Orange, Ponton, Hills borough, St. Lucie and Dade. The Enquirer further says the full returns from the counties marked “incomplete” will advance the Ameri can ticket 70 or 80 votes, and leave it but lit tle more than 200 behind. Os tho Legislature, the Enquirer says “the Democrats have pretty surely regained a ma jority in tho Mato Senate ; the House is more doubtful, and its character may be determined by the result of the contest in Escambia. In several counties, the Democracy had the luck to elect a part of their county tickets when they were beaten on the .State ticket.” !’. S. Tho counties marked “incomplete” wero Wakulla, Gadsden and Nassau. The Thomasvillo Enterprise gives the majorities founded upon complete returns from Wakulla and Gadsden, and adds 20 to W akulla’s major ity in Hamilton. Theso changes leave tho Democratic majority in the counties heard from 185 votes. Cotton—Estimate of Crop and Prices. A leading Now York Cotton Broker sent to Liverpool tho following views by the Canada which sailed from Boston on the Bth. “The accouuts from all sections in the South coutinuo unfavorable, and wo have had another frost which has done some damage in Uabaina and elsewhere; tho full particulars wo cannot receive by mail for some (lays yet. At Mobile and Montgomery, Aalbuma, it is re ported as having injured the cotton ou the grounds. Avery decided and well grounded tear prevails here and iu the South that suffi cient injury lias been done by the late spring, drought in July, worms and other disasters ■since, and recently the nupreeeiulented cold weather and frosts, to limit the production at 9,000,000 bales, and possibly at a lower fig ure.” V,knitting tho accuracy of these views, and tho conviction forces itself upon the candid mind that tho consumption of the world has overtaken the labor of production. Os the last year’s supply of 3,500,000 bales, Europe look nboutt2 940,000 bales of which 2,000,000 were taken by England alone. Assuming that I’.uropo should require equally as much from tho present crop, it would amount to near about as much ns tho whole of the estimated yield of the present year, leaving no surplus from which American manufacturers can ob tain 000,000 or 700,000 bales required to keep ihe cotton spindles and looms in motion. This state of things will bring European and New England manufacturers into competition in the Southern markets. In such a coutest the article must advance ; aud the higher it goes tho worse it will be for •nir Eastern spinners, because their largest products, of heavy fabrics, arc made from middliug and lower grades of cotton. Shoal 1 these grades of tho article attain high rates, the competition botween {American and Euro pean products in foreign markets will become very unequal, and tell against our own manu facturers. If tbe supply of labor at the southwest was equal to the extent of tho rich cotton lands now in a state of wilderness, we could as easi ly produce four millions of bales of cotton as three. AVe havo no white labor sufficiently acclimated to work beneath a tropical sun in the production of the article. The German settlers who have colonised in Texas prefor stock raising, &c. % to tho cultivation of oottou. A TIGHT NIGHT. Tom and 1 are Bohemians, i don’t mean, we were born in tho festive spot called Bohe mia, but Bohemians in the Parisian sense of the word. We room together, work together, spend our money—when we have any—togeth er, and i am ashamed to say it, often smile too frequently together. Well, Tom and I were sitting in our attic, smoking our pipes, and meditating on that grand historical picture we are always going to paint, and which we never do, when we were interrupted by hearing a quick step as cending the stairs. “Hallo, here’s a dun,” cried Tom. “1 trust not,” said I. Our apprehensions were soon quieted. Jim Brine burst into the room, his face radiant with joy. “Well, fellows, how goes it?” “Bad,” we cried, both in a breath, “our ’baccy is nearly out, haven’t tasted bier all day, and of ochre we are minus.” “No matter,” said-Jim, “congratulate me. Bomhnste has accepted my play, handed me over the tin, and now I’m going to spend it.” “Hurrah ! what did you get?” “Only two hundred; little enough; but then 1 wanted the money so devilish bad, that 1 was glad to take it.” “How’s the landlady—you haven’t forgotten her ?” “Oh no, I have made her happy for some time to come. She said she always knew 1 was a gentleman, but apoor lone woman must be careful in looking after the little that is owing her. ‘I soon cut her short, gave her five dollars to lmy anew cap—more than she de serves. But what’s the odds as long as you’re happy. Let us go and play a game of bill iards.” Jim for the last two months had been in a state of siege. He used to watch for the land lady going to market; when she had gone, he would steal quietly down stairs, and away.— Once out of the house there was no danger, for he took good care nut to return, till every one had gone to bed. Mrs, Macfarlanc soon got accustomed (or as Jim says, ‘ ‘fly”) to this mode of proceeding. So she would call out at the top of the base ment stairs, “Mary I’m going to market; if any one calls 1 shall be back in about half an hour,” she would then open the hall door, shut it again with great violence, return to the parlor, and lay in wait for poor Jim coming down stairs, who had nothing left him but to make a bolt directly he saw her. The charge of the Light Brigade atßalakla va was more honorable, but it certainly was not more hazardous. Things at last, arrived at such a pitch, that he was afraid to venture down stairs. He locked his door, lit his. pipe, and awaited the assault of the enemy. She soon commenced the attack. Jim lot off a volley of anathemas, which—as she attends meeting regularly—so astonished her, that she left the field in dis may. Matters, however, were settled amicably, by Bombaste accepting Jim’s play. “Well, are you coming to play this game of billiards ?” “Yes,” and we sallied forth arm in arm. How many games we played, or how many drinks we had, 1 know not. Some time after wards we found ourselves in Broadway. The first thing that attracted our attention was a large placard asking us if vve “Had used a peculiar kind of candy.” “Hold on,” said Jim, and lie entered the store; we followed. “Is Mr. in?” inquired Jim, asking for the proprietor. “Yes, sir,” said a young lady who was of ficiating at the counter. “Do you wish to see him ?” “If you please.” We were wondering, what in the name of fortune, Jim wanted to see him about, when tho individual in question made his appear ance. “Did yon wish to see me, gentlemen?” “Yes,” said Jim,” I hope you will excuse me, but you propound a very startling ques tion.” “Indeed! what is that, sir?” “A ou wish to know if we use your candy. We have merely called in to say we don’t.— Good night, sir.” We walked out, leaving the store-keeper petrified with astonishment. “Where shall we go to next,” said Tom. “1 don’t know, l wish we were in Paris.” “Or London, then we might go to Evan’s or tho Cyder Cellars.” Many places were mentioned, but scouted as soon as proposed. “Letus take a stroll.” “Agreed.” AVe lit our cigars, and promenaded down Broadway, amusing ourselves, by crossing the road as often as possible, and giving a gentle pull at the omnibus doors as they passed, which caused the driver to pull up, and look through the hole for his sixpence. As nobody wanted to get out, he would drivo on again, swearing audibly at his passengers, for making a fool of him. AVheu we got to Pearl. Jim said, “let us go down here, and wo will have a lark.” “Go ahead, where you lead, we are bound to follow.” Jiiu Btopped opposite a coffin store, drew out his handkerchief, settled his usually jovial-look ing face into one of profound melancholy, and entered. AVhcn wo opened tho door, we heard sounds of laughter proceeding from the back parlor, but it was hushed instantly, and a man the very picture of intenso grief emerged there from. “AY hat can 1 have tho plea—” he was about to say pleasure, hut checked himself, and said, “what can 1 do for you sir?” “I want, ’ said Jim, “to look nt some coffins,” and he heaved a deep sigh. “Yes, sir. That style of coffin is very fash ionable now, sir, It’s liked exceedingly. It’s neat, but at the same timo effective.” “AVlmt is the price ?” “Ten dollars. You will find it a very ser viceable article. 1 know you will be satisfied with it, sir. 1 sell a great number of that style of thing, sir. It gives universal satisfaction.” “Do you think it will do, Charles,” said Jim, turning to me. Not knowing what tho dickens he meant to do with it, if he bought it, l said, “I thought it would.” “Well, then, I will take eight.” “Eight?” said tho man, surprised. “A es. I suppose you won’t charge for sen ding them to the boat. I want to take them to Fort Hamilton.” “Dear, dear me, sir. Are they nil for your own family.” “Yes,” said Jim. “Father, mother, broth ers, sisters, all gone,** and he pressed his hand kerchief to his face. “Certainly, sir, I’ll send them free of charge.” . “Thunk you. Could you oblige me with a drink of water ?” “Would you prefer brandy ?” “It might be better, I want something to sus tain me.” I’hp man produced his brandy, and we all partook of some. He made inquiries of Jim, about the yellow fever at Fort Hamilton, with the view, I presume, of sending some coffins there on speculation. Jim was assuring him that the papers, far from exaggerating things, had underrated them, when he gave a convulsive sob, said, “excuse me for a few moments,” and rushed from the shop. Tom and I, under the pretence of looking af ter him, left ulso, glad to get away so easily. We found Jim at the top of Pearl street, holding an intimated conversation with the gentleman who owns the large telescope, con cerning the moon, whether it was inhabited or not, and insisting on looking through without ■charge, as he was connected with the press. “1 say, that was done first rate, wasn’t it? Merit ought not to go unrewarded—let us have some supper.” “With all my heart, where shall we go ?” “Lotus go up to the ” “All right, go on.” YVe managed to get up as far as Grand, with out any incident worth recording, when Jim espied a “star,” and insisted on addressing him.. “ Mr. Htar,” said Jim, “ excuse my speak ing to you without a formal introduction.” “ AY'ell, what is it ?” “ A’ou area member, I presume,of this free and enlightened country.” “ Yes, I guess so.” “ Ah, 1 thought so. What do you think—l ask you aa a man of honor, nnd as a man of integrity—YY’hat do you think of the internal policy of the government of Seringapatam.” The only answer the man of honor and in tegrity gave, was, “you go ori now, or elso you’ll he locked up.” Jim, after exhorting him to “keep cool,’, and requesting him to remember him kindly to his mother, walked on. Broome was reached, Jim said he had to make a call there. “ Very well, we will wait here.” “ No, no, come along with me.” Jim ascended the steps of a Very respectable looking bouse; on the hall door of which was a knocker ; lie seized it, and gave a tremen dous rapping, loud enough to awaken the dead; before he had relinquished the knocker the door was opened, anil a man demanded what he wanted. “ I wish to look at the rooms here, if you please.” “ A nice time,” said tho man, “ to look at rooms, just ns people are going to bed.” “ I’m aware it is an unseasonable hour, but 1 am detained in business all day, so it is im possible for me to call earlier.” “ You might be sure of the house, before you knock people up. YVe don’t let rooms here.” “ A r ou don’t ? Pardon me, is not this num ber ?” “ No, sir,” said the man somewhat, softened. “ This is , number is across the way.” “ Thank you.” The man closed the door. Jim, merely to let him know he hai been sold, honored him witli a mysterious noise, in imitation of the crowing of a cock. YVe found ourselves shortly afterwards, in a nice cosy box of the restaurant, ordering supper. On our calling waiter, an Irishman made his appearance with, “ YVhat did you plaze to want, sur ?” “ Bring me,” said Jim, “ a stewed birfur cated anchylosis.” “ A stewed what ?” “ A birfurcated anchylosis stcw r ed.” “ Yis sur.” Tom, not to be behindhand, determined to get off a little YVelsli, so he ordered a “broiled pethwyriibouithag, dressed with pickled aste roids.” “ Och, Lord a marcy, an’ 1 never heard o’ sich befoore, an’ it’s not on the bill of fare, I’m thinkin’, ye’ll find ’em.” Jim and Tom assured him they were perfect ly in earnest, if he could not understand them, to send his master. “ But is it on the bill of fare they are, sur?” “ Never mind that. A’ou tell your cook, he will know what is wanted.” The man supposing them perfectly incorrigi ble went away, and iu a few minutes the cook appeared, knife in hand, ready to take our or der. Supper, after some llttlo difficulty, was at last ordered, soon served, and as quickly dis appeared. Jim, with the intention of confusing tbe waiter told him to bring us three “rnandra goras.” Ho soon got over the difficulty, how ever, by bringing us brandy, which I have no doubt did just as well. YVhcn Jim was paying onr score, he sug gested one more drink: nothing loath, we readily acquiesced. Jim was by this time very dignified and insisted upon everybody when they spoke to him—“To use that res pect duo from one gentleman to another.” The bar keeper, hearing drinks mentioned, desired to know what we wanted. “ Give me a hot brandy cock-tail,”said Jim. “ Hot what, sir,” said the liar keeper, think ing he must have misunderstood him, hearing such an unusual order given. “ Hot brandy cock-tail. Did you never hear of that before?” “ No, sir, they are never made hot.” “No matter, whether they are or not. 1 want one, so give it me. How dare you dic tate to a gentleman. “ All right, sir, you shall have one. Pat rick, bring some hot water.” The bar keeper mixed one, put in ico, and the usual ingredients, then added hot water. Jitn drank it, declared it was the host drink he over tasted, and would nevertouchanything but cock-tails, hot. YVlmt followed next, l am not quite sure about. I havo an indistinct remembrance of our taking a respectable old physician’s sign down, and attaching it to a house where noc taiuhulists retire for the—l was about to say retire for the night—hut retire for the re mainder of the morning, would be more cor rect. But this lam quite curtain of, 1 awoke the next morning, with a horrible cottony month nnd not a penny in my pocket to procure a cock-tail, or even a soda water. Header pity me. Advertising. YVe copy the following sensible remarks from the Philadelphia Bulletin: When a newspaper speaks of the benefits to he derived from advertising, the remarks are generally taken in the same spirit ns that with which we listen to or rend tluv advertisements t hemsclves. But. in fact, people are becoming soused toseeingevery and any occasion turned to individual profit, that they are forgetting to be vexed or startled by it, and the editor who commends that whereby he profits, isgeneral lp rognrded as following a simply harmless precedent. But it is none the less true, that at lliepres ent day thetrueelixirwhicli converts the hum blest wares to gold is simply nothing more nor less than printing ink. Look around, and you will ee that all of those men who have unfiii . bn gly and persavcringly advertised by score • of thousands of dollars, havo grown immensely wealthy, or have at least received wealth which would have made them wealthy if husbanded. But though all advertising— even that pf the most common-place nature — is sure to pay, it is none the less true that some men have far more genius in the art than others. Every man who follows it for many years picks up many ideas as he goos along, and there are very few cases in deed iu which a man does not experience fin ally that it is an absolutely essential part of his business. Advertisements are the mile stones and hand-posts along the road of bu siness life. People might inquire their way, and might find their destination by the bear ings of the compass ; but for all purposes of directness, there is nothing like the guide-post, for him who has never gone over the ground before. Even if lie travels by railroad, he still requires the advertisement of signs and signals to teach him where to descend. There is an oldfable which we have heard cited as af fording a satirical illustration of much of the spirit which inspire modern advert ising—that enterprising genius “ who would, if possi ble, stick up his placards on the walls of Para dise,” and who would nail a card, with “Try Enook’s Best Teas,” to a gallows, that it might be read by all coining to tho execution. The fable to which we allude is that of the vote taken among the inhabitants of a beleaguered city, as to the best possible means of defend ing it. The w.ool dealers proposed, of course, having the walls defended with wool sacks, and eacli dealer in turn proposed his own wares. Finally the turn came of an honest dealer in hides, who with great seriousness exclaimed, “Gentlemen may talk as they please, but after all there’s nothing like leath er.” And after all, the leather man was right, for by referring to Roman Antiquities it will be found that in the days when the fa ble in question was invented, raw hides, hung loosely, were really the best defence against both Greek fire and battering rams. Thus it is with most of the subjects of modern adver tising. YY'e laugh at the manner in which the wares are puffed-‘-sometimes in a most mala propos manner—but we are, after all, notun frequently compelled to admit that the ad vertisement tells the truth, and that they are as good as they pretend to be. Money in Europe. YY’e copy the following remarks on the state of the Money Market of Europe from the money article of YVilmerand Smith’s European Times of the 27th ult.: The present state of the money market en grosses the serious attention of the commer cial world. It is so unsettled as injuriously to interfere with numerous projected enter prises. Asa necessary consequence, there is a decided spirit of caution abroad ; and, though there is no absolute scarcity of money, the market is quite as stringent as if the reserves of the discount houses and joint stock banks were exhausted. This state of feeling was engendered, in the first instance, by the Con tinental absorption of gold; then it was strengthened by the disastrous failure and dis graceful management of the Royal British Bank; and now it is confirmed by the general advance in tho rates of interest by the princi pal Banks in all the leading commercial cities in Europe. Asa remedy, it has been suggested that the Bank of England should advance its minimum rato of discount from to 5 per cent.; and the possibility of such a measure being adop ted Las been debated all the week. The in clination of general opinion is against it, prin cipally on the ground that tbe October divi dends will soon release a large amount, while the public revenue is favorable, trade sound, and money abundance cau still be found for all legitimate objects, either at or below 4J per cent. It is said, too, that if the Bank were to advance to 5 per cent, they would, in all probability, suffer a considerable reduction in their discount business, from the competition of private establishments, just as they did be fore last reduction. If it remains in its pres ent condition much longer, we dont see how an advance can be avoided; but much depends upon the turn things may take during the first and second weeks in the ensuing month. At the same time, there arc political compli cations with Naples, llussiaand Austria, which have contributed to nggravate the symptoms created by the strictly financial part of the question. Their effect, however, if they should unfortunately continue, will be more felt here after. A'estcrday, on the breaking up of the Bank Parlour, without any alteration in the rates of discount, a more confident tone prevailed iu Consols, which opened at 93 J , advanced to and closed at 94. The fluctuations were in considerable, nor was tho business of the duy of much importance ; but the temper and dis position of the market was decidedly better. New Three per cents for the opening left off at 93 jj to § ; Exchequer bonds 96|j to -} ; Exche quer bills 13s. to lGs. premium. To-day the market was much depressed, and the funds doclined considerably, Consols for the Account closing at 93 5-1 G to 7-10, and for Money 921- to -j}. Exchequer bills left off at 13 to 15 pm. The Threo nnd a Quarter per Cents and Bank Stock were both shut. The amount of Bank of England notes in circulation is £19,- 789,985, being an increase of £13,285, and the stock of bullion in both departments is £12,- 132,602, showinn a decrease of £8,708, when compared withthe preceding return. An Interesting Decision. There was a strange case in law decided by the Surrogate, A. YY. Bradford ou Monday. Henry Eagle, at his decease, willed to his sou YVilliam certain property, providing said son who had been away and not heard from for five or six years, was then living. Seven years have elapsed since YVilliam Eagle was heard of; the law considers him dead. YY'ill xain,before going away, bequeathed all liis prop erty to a brother. This brother no tv claims the bequest made to YVilliam by the father. If YVilliam was alive at the time his lather made the will, of course his heir or brother has a legal claim to the property bequeathed, but not if he was dead. Tlio law considers the absentee dead at the end of seven years ; but does it hold him to be alive till the end of that time? The Surrogate decided*that the law assumes him to he living until tho last day of the seven years has elapsed, and that it re quires positive evidence to establish his death before that time. In his decision tho Surro gate reviewed the law upon the point, from Justinian down to our own courts, and devel oped some interesting facts on so critical and technical a point.—A*. Y. Herald. Decidedly Cool Operation. One of the workmen upon Greene’s rifles, :it. the Massachusetts Amis Compa ny’s works, was so unfortunate, a day or two since, as to slit the thumb of his right hand upon a circular saw. Concluding, upon inspection, that the member was used up, he coolly went back to the saw, and holding the damaged thumb with his left hand, made a clean amputation of it, and then proceeded to have it dressed by a surgeon. TKr.KOS* ‘VVHI,- Te'oKmpbed u> the Daily Eron New Orleans. Nkw Orleans, Oct. l(j. Tho sales of cotton to-day foot up three thou sand halos. Market declined a quarter. Mi,;, dling Ilf to 12c. Flour aud YVheat better- Mess Fork s2l 25. Other articles unchanged ELECTIONS. PENNSYLVANIA, INDIANA AND OHIO. New York, Oct. 16, Contrary to first report sent you yesterday Pennsylvania has gone for the Fusion ticket by a considerable majority. Indiana is close, but it is thought it has gone for the Republicans. Ohio has gono largely for the Republicans A Northerner’s Defence of the South Samuel F>. Haggles, Esq., of New York, a gentleman long and intimately connected will, the internal and external commerce of ti United States, lias, at the request of seveviil prominent merchants of that city, reviewc.i tho speech of Mr. Banks, late delivered from the steps of the Merchants’ Exchange. Tin review is an ably written paper, and we sub join a few extracts. After referring to astat,.- meut made by Mr. Banks “ that the people of the United States iii the year 1856 will gi ve to the world as their portion of the industrial product of the huipan race forty-live hundred millions of dollars,” Mr. Ruggles proceeds ns follows : If the North produced the whole forty-five hundred millions, and tlio South did nu’lbimr whatever but keep the black race in subjection it would not follow that the South should be excluded from all participation in the Govern ment, for if, as some contend, the black race be nothing but a burthen on the community which contains it, the freemen of the North should be thankful to the South for bearing the whole of the burthen, and thus leaving them unfettered to accumulate that 4500 millions annually. But unhappily for Mr. Banks and his admir ing auditors, it is not true that the nation an nually produces the 4600 millions—for look at his own analysis: 1500 millions, says he, are produced by manufacturing and mechanical industry; 1600 by agriculture. This makes 31—and the residue, 1400 millions, where does it come from ? Let the commingled rhet oric and statistics of Mr. Banks answer:— “The seas, that are whitened with the flags of the commerce of New A r ork, each signalizing the name, the character, tho affluence, the Bu siness, the influence of its merchant princes contribute to this great product of 4500 mil’ lions, 1400 millions as the share of com merce.” Now, gentlemen, what do the seas, thus rhetorically whitened, in fact, produce? That is to say, what articles of commercial value? They produce a good many codfish, many mackerel, and here and there a whale; the to tal value whereof, when caught, barreled and landed iu tbe United States, hardly exceeds 30,000,000 annually, if it amounts to that. The portion of these products exported iu the year 1855 was less than 4,000,000. The re mainder, then, of Mr. Banks’ imaginary 1400 millions, consists wholly of the very products of agricultural, manufacturing and mechanical industry, which commerce had placed on the seas, hut which had been previously computed and embraced in the first two items of 1500 and IGOO millions. Aud thus we behold the Speaker, in his very first plunge into the sea of figures, going astray to the tune of 1396 millions ! If this be tbe “music of the Union,” which Air. Banks describes the Northern plow boy as whistling, this political psalmody, to say the least, is capable of improvement. But, again : The Speaker asserts that, of the IGOO millions produced by agriculture, the 15 slave States contribute but 45 per centum. How this assertion is proved, does not appear; but, if it be true, it docs not show tho slave States to fall short of their just proportion, for they have less than 40 per cent, of the to tal population, and onlyj|2s per cent, of the white population. Why, then, should their agriculture bo required to produce even la per cent. But the truth of the statement must he more than doubtful. The very son of the South, so unfavorable to white labor as to make a black population necessary, is peculiar ly favorable to agricultural development.— Timo is wanting to compute the comparative product even of cereals—but if flocks and herds form part of aj nation’s wealth, and mankind has held them to be things of value since tho days of Abraham, then the South in this important element very far exceeds the North. The census shows ninemillions of cat tle standing South of the Potomac, belonging to six millions of white men, nnd only 8,000,- 000 north belonging to 14,000,000 of whites; and what statesman entitled for an instant to the epithet does not perceive the rapid in crease of tho cotton crop ? It may be true, as the Speaker ventures to assert, that the men of the Soutli abandon agriculture in quest nt office, but the official statistical tables do not show it. But again, Air. Banks was addressing ami affecting to instruct a body of merchants— a commercial community, from t tkc steps of their own Exchange—why on such an occasion and with such an audience did he omit to state the respective proportions which the agriculture of the South and tho North contributed to the commerce that whitened the seas ? Did lie not know that of the 1600 millions produced >o’ agriculture, at least 1200 millions are con sumed cn the spot, and novor reucli the sea at all? For how much of the hundreds of min ions estimated as the value of tho hay, am* cattle, and poultry, milk, and eggs, which help to swell the aggregate, is carried at all i the vessels of the merchant princes ? huw much even of the 300,000,000 of Indian corn goes to sea ? Alid above all, does not Mr. Banks know, and do not the New York merchants know, that of everv 100,900,000 of Southern cottou, at least 90,000,000 go to sen, and 14,00b-** o'’ 0 '’ out of every 20,000,000 of Southern tobacco YVliile of the total product of Northern agriem ture, estimated by Mr. Banks at 880,000,'"“ i less than 40,000,0 . U are exported either te foreign countries or coast wise? . Does he not see, and do not all of us, er merchant, banker, laml-owneror median see and feel that the agriculture of the Soutm thus disparaged, furnishes tho very I'”* 1 “’ tiou of our commercial prosperity? Am* ll this great trading, navigating city, be iu | ‘ uc ” by any pompous and idle parade of iinng,nnr thousands of millions, to dissolve their Ira- 1, ual and natural connection with the wo. magnificent domain spread out South oi 1 Potomac—the very Indies of the Aineir Republic—and aid Mr. Banks and his a-’ oiates in excluding that grand division and Union from all participation In the honors so emoluments of the Government.