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hand red and tweniy-llnc dollars', all which
might ho paid withiu tv year without embar
raising the public service, but being not yet
ouc, and only redeemable at the option of the
holder, cannot be pressed to payment by the
government.
On exatniniugthe expenditures of the last
tive years, it will he seen that the average, de
ducting payment on account of the public debt
aud tea millions paid by treaty to Mexico, has
been bu: about forty eight million dollars. It
is believed that under the economical adminis
tration of the government, the average expen
diture for the ensuing fire years will not ex
ceed that sum, unless extraordinary occasion
for its increase should occur. The acts grant
ing bounty lands will soon have been execut
ed, while the extension of our frontier settle
ments will cause a continued demand for lands
and augmented receipts, probably, from that
source. These considerations wdl justify a
reduction of the revenue from customs, so fts
not to exceed forty-eight or fifty million dol
lars. I think the exigency for such reduction
is imperative, and again urge it upon the con
sideration of Congress.
The amount of reduction, us well us the man
ner of effecting it, are questions of great and
general interest; it being essential to industri
al enterprise and the public prosperity, us well
its the dictate of obvious justice, that the bur
den of taxation be made to rest as equally ns
possible upou all classes, ami all sections and
interests of the country.
1 have heretofore recommended to your con
sideration the revision of the revenue laws,
prepared under the direction of the Secretary
of the Treasury, and also legislation upon some
special questions affecting the business of that
department, more especially the enactment of
u law to punish the abstraction of official books
or papers from the files of the government, and
requiring all such books and papers and all
other public property to bo turned overby the
out-going officer to his successor ; of a law re
quiring disbursing officers to deposit all pub
lic money in the valts of the Treasury or in
other legal depositories, where the same are
conveniently accessible ; and a law to extend
existing penal provisions to all persons who
may become possessed of public money by dc
posito or otherwise, and who shall refuse or
neglect, on due demand, to pay the same into
thu treasury. I invite your attention anew to
each of these objects.
The army during the past year has been so
constantly employed against hostile Indians in
various quarters, that it eau scarcely be said,
with propriety of language, to have been a
peace establishment. Its duties have been
satisfactorily performed, aud we have reason
to expect, us a result of the year’s operations,
greater security to the frontier inhabitants
than has been hitherto enjoyed. Extensive
combinations among the hostile Indians of the
Territories of Washington aud Oregon at one
time threatened the devastation of the newly
formed settlements of that remote portion of
the country. From recent information, we
are permitted to hope that the energetic and
successful operations conducted there will pre
vent such combinations in future, and secure
to those Territories an opportunity to make
steady progress in the development of their
agricultural aud mineral resources.
Legislation has been recommended by me on
previous occasions to cure delects iu the exist
ing organization, and to increaso thu efficiency
of the army, and further observation has but
served to confirm me in the views then ex
pressed, aud to enforce on my mind the con
viction that such measures are not only proper,
but necessary.
I have, iu addition, to invite the attention of
Congress to a change of policy iu the distribu
tion of troops, and to the necessity of provid
ing a more rapid increase of the military ar
mament. For details of these and other sub
jects relating to the army, 1 refer to the report
of the Secretary of War.
The condition of the navy is not merely sat
isfactory, but exhibits the most gratifying evi
dences of increased vigor. As it is compara
tively small, it is more important that it should
be as complete as possible in all the elements
of strength ; that it should be efficient in the
character of officers, in the zeal and discipline
of its men; iu the reliability of its orduuuce,
aud in the capacity of its ships. In all these
various qualities the navy has made great pro
gress within the last few years. The execu
tion of the law of Congress of February 28,
1856, “to promote the efficiency of the navy,”
has been attended by the most advantageous
results. The law for promoting discipline
among the men is fouud convenient aud saluta
ry. The system of granting an honorable dis
charge to faithful seamen on the expiratiou of
the period of their enlistment, and permitting
them to re-eulist after a leave of absence of a
few months, without cessation of pay, is high
ly beneficial in its influence. The apprentice
system recently adopted is evidently destined
to incorporate into the service n large number
of our oountrymen hitherto so difficult to pro
cure. Several hundred American boys are
now on a three years’ cruise in our national
vessels, and will return well trained seamen.
Iu the ordnance department there is a decided
and gratifying indication of progress creditable
to it and to the country. The suggestions of
the Secretary of the Navy, in regard to further
improvement in that branch of service, 1 com
mend to your favorable action.
The new frigates ordered by Congress are
now afloat, and two of them in nctivo service.
They are superior models of naval architecture,
and with their formidable battery add largely
to public strength and security.
I concur in the view expressed by the Secre
tary of the Department in favor of a still fur
ther increase of our naval force.
Th* report of the Secretary of the Interior present
forte nml view* In relation to inti'rnal atfalra over which
the supervision of his department extends, of much in
terest mid importance.
The aggregate sale* of the public lands, during; the
Inst liscul year, amount to nine million two hundred
und twenty-seven thousand eight hundred and seventy
• Ight acres; for which lias been received the sum of
eight million eight hundred and twenty-one thousand
lour huudred and fourteen dullars. During the same
period there have been located with military scrip aud
laud warrant*, aud for other purposes, thirty million
one hundred thousand two hundred and thirty acres,
thus making a total aggregate of thirty-nine million
three huudred and twenty-eight thousand one hundred
and eight acres. On the 30th of September last, survey*
had been made of sixteen million eight hundred and
seventy-throe thousuud six hundred and ninety-nine
acres, a large proportion of which is ready for market.
Tlie suggestion* in this report iu regard to the com
plication and progressive expansion of the business of
the different bureaux of the department; to the |*>u
sn.ni system; to the colonisation of Indian tribes, aud
the recommendations in relation to various improve
ments in the District of Columbia, are especially com
mended to your consideration.
The report of the Postmaster General presents fully
1 In-condition of that department of the government.
It* expenditures for the last fiscal year were ten mil
lion ftiur hundred and seveu thousand eight hundred
aud sixty-eight dollars; aud it* gross receipts seven
million six hundred and twenty thousand eight huu
dred and one dollars—making nn excess of expenditure
over receipts of two million seven hundred aud elglity
soveu thousand and forty-six dollars. The deficiency of
this department is thus seven huudred and forty-four
thousand dollars greater than for the year ending June
3'J. 1863. Os this deficiency, three hundred and thirty
tliousaud dollars is to be attributed to the additional
compensation allowed postmasters by t lie act of Con
gress of June 22,1854. The mail facilities |u every pnrt
of the country have been very much increased In that
period, and the large addition of railroad service,
amounting to seven thousand niue huudred and eight
mHea,ha* added largely to the cost of transportation.
The iooouUUrablo augmentation of the income of the
l'ualodes Department under tlie reduced rates of pout-
H*> Its increasing expenditures, must, for the pre.
sent, Make it dependant to some extent upon the trea-
sury >w support. Tlie recommendations of the Post
master Ginorul, in relation to the uliolition of the flunk
ing privilege, and his views on the establish incut at
lunil steamship lines, deserve the consideration of Con
gress. 1 also call tin- special attention of Congress to
the statement of tlie Postmaster Uenoml respecting the
sums now- paid for the transportation of mails to the
Panama railroad company, nml commend to their early
and favorable consideration the suggestion* of thu’ ojii
eer iu relation to new contracts for mail transportation
upon that route, and also upou the Tehuantepec and
Nicaragua routes.
The United States continue in tile enjoyment of ami
cable relations with all foreign powers.
When my last annual message was transmitted to
Congress, two subjects of controversy, one relating to
the enlistment of soldiers iu this country for foreign
service, und the other to Centro! America, threatened
to disturb the good understanding between tlie tailed
States and (treat Britain. Os the progress and termina
tion of the former question you were informed at the
time, and the other is now in the way of Aatisfiictorv
adjustment.
The object of the convention between the United
State* and (treat Jiritain. of the lbtli of April. 185 u, was
to Jaocuro for the benefit of all nations, the'neutrality
and tlie common uso of any transit way,’ or inter
oceanic communication across the isthmus of Phimium,
which might bo opened within tlie limits of Central
America. The pretension sulwiequcntly asserted by
(ireat Britain, to dominion or control over territories, iii
or neur two of thu routes, those of Nicaragua and Hon
duras, were deemed by the United States not merely
incompatible witli the main object ot the treaty, but op
posed even to its express stipulations, Occasion of con
troversy on tliis point has boon removed by nu addi
tional treaty, which our minister at London lias con
cluded, ami which will lip immediately submitted to the
Senate for its consideration. Should the proposed sup
plemental arrangement bo concurred in by all the pat
ties to he affected by it, tlie objects contemplated by tlie
original convention will liiitc been fully attained.
The treaty between the United States ami Great.
Britain, of tho “illi •>! June, ISM, which went into ef
fective operation in 1855, put an end to causes of irrita
tion between the two countries, by securing to tile Uni
ted States the right of fishery on the coast of tlio British
North American provinces, with advantages equal to
those enjoyed by British subjects. Besides thu signal
benefits of this treaty to a large class of our citizens en
gaged in a pursuit connected to no inconsiderable de
gree with our national prosperity and strength, it Inn*
had a favorable effect ii|i"ii oilier interests iu the provi
sion it made for reciprocal freedom of trade between the
United Htates and the British provinces in America.
Tlie exports of domestic articles to those, provinces
during the last year, amounted to more than twenty
two million of dollars, exceeding those of the preceding
year by nearly seven million of dollars; and the im
ports therefrom, during tlie same period, amounted to
more than twenty-one. million—an increase of six mil
lion upon those of the previous year.
The improved condition of this branch of commerce
is mainly attributable to the above mentioned treaty.
Provision was made, in tlie first article of that treaty,
for a commission to designate tlie mouths of rivers to
which the common right of tishifty, on the coast of the
United States and tlie British Provinces, was not to ex
tend. This commission has been employed a part of
two seasons, but without much progress in accomplish
ing the objects for which it was instituted, in conse
quence of a serious difference of opinion between the
commissioners, not only as to the precise point where
the rivers terminate, but in many instancco as to what
constitutes a river. These difficulties, however, may lie
overcome by resort to the umpirage provided for by the
treaty.
Tlio efforts persovcrlngly prosecuted since the com
mencement of my administration, to relieve our trade
to tlie Baltic from tlie exaction of Sound dues by Den
mark, have not yet been attended with success. Other
governments have also sought to obtain a like relief to
their commerce, and Denmark was thus induced to pro
pose an arrangement to all the Kuropeait Powers inter
ested in the subject; and the manner iu which her pro
position was received, warranting her to believe that a
satisfactory arrangement with them could soon bo con
cluded, she made a strong Rppeai to this government, for
temporary suspension of definite action on its part, in
Consideration of tlie embarrassment, which might result
to her Kuropenn negotiations by an immediate adjust
ment of the question witli the United Htates. This re
quest bus been acceded to, upon tlie condition that the
sums collected after the 16th of June last, and until the
16th of June next, from vessels and cargos belonging to
our merchants, are to be considered as paid under pro
test and subject to future adjustment. There is reason
to believe that an arrangement, between Denmark and
the maritime powers of Europe, on the subject, will be
soon concluded; and that tlie pending negotiation with
the United States may then he resumed and terminated
in a satisfactory manner.
“Witli Spain no now difficulties have arisen, nor has
much progress been raado in the adjustment of pending
ones.
Negotiations entered into for the purpose oi relieving
our commercial intercourse with tlie Island of Cuba of
some of its hut dens, nnd providing for tho more speedy
settlement of local disputes growing out of that inter
course, have not yet been attended with any results.
Soon after tlie commencement of flic late war in Eu
rope, this government submitted to tlie consideration ..f
all maritime nations two principles for the security of
neutral commerce: ono, that tlie neutral flag should
cover enemies’ goods, except articles contraband ol war;
aud the oilier, that neutral property on board merchant
vessels or belligerents should ho exempt from condem
nation, with the exception of contraband articles. These
were not presented as new rules of international law;
having been generally claimed by neutrals, though not
always admitted by belligerents. One of tlie parties to
the war, Kusssia, as well as several neutral powers, at
once acceded to these propositions; nsd the two other
principal belligerents, Great Britain and France, hav
ing consented to observe them for tlio present occasion,
a favorable opportunity seemed to be presented for ob
taining a general recognition of them both in Europe
and America.
But Great Britain ami France, in common with most
Htates of Europe, while forbearing to reject, did not
affirmatively act upon the overtures of tlie United
States.
While the question was in this position, tlie represen
tatives of Kussia, France, Great Britain. Austria, Prus
sia, Sardinia and Turkey, assembled at Paris, took into
consideration tho subject of maritime rights, and put
forth a declaration containing the two principles which
this government had submitted, nearly two years be
fore. to the consideration of maritime powers, and add
ing thereto the following propositions: “Privateering
is and remains abolished,” and “ Blockades, in order to
be biuding, must be effective, that is no say, maintained
by a force sufficient, really, to prevent access to tho
coast of tlio enemy: and to,the declaration thus compo
sed of four points, two of which had already boon propo
sed by tlie United States, this government has been in
vited to accede by all tlie powers represented at Paris,
except Great Britain anil Turkey. To tlie lust of tlie
two additional propositions—that in relation to block
ades—there can certainly lie no objection, it is merely
tlie definition of what shall constitute the effectual in
vestment of a blockaded place, n definition for which
this government has always contended, claiming indem
nity for losses where a practical violation of tlie rule thus
defined lias been injurious to our commerce.
As to the remaining article of the'Moclnration of the
conference of Paris, “ that privateering is and remains
abolished,” I certainly cannot ascribe to the powers
represented iu the conference of Paris, any but liberal
and philanthropic views in the attempt to change the
unquestionable rule of maritime law iu regard to priva
teering. Their proposition was doubtless iu tended to
imply approval of the principle that private property
upon the ocean, although it might belong to tlie citizen's
of a belligoreut State, should be exempted from capture:
aud had that proposition been so framed as to give full
effect to the principle, it would have received uiv ready
assent on behalf of the United Htates. But the measure
proposed is inadequate to tliut purpose, it is true that
if adopted, private property upon the ocean would be
withdrawn from one mode of plunder, but left exposed,
meanwhile, to another mode, which could lie used with
increased effectiveness. Tlie aggressive capacity of great
naval powers would be thereby augmented, while tile
defensive ability of others would be reduced. Though
the surrender of tlio means of'prosecuting hostilities by
employing privateers, as proposed by the conference of
Paris, is mutual in terms, yet, in practical effect, it
would Do tlie relinquishment of a right of little value to
oue class of Mates, but of essential importance to ano
ther and a far larger class, it ought not to have been
anticipated that a measure, so inadequate to the ac
eoiuplisiimeut of the proposed object, and so unequal in
Its operation, would receive the assent of all maritime
powers. Private property would be still left to the
depredation* of the public armed cruisers.
I liavs expressed a readiness on the part of this govern
ment to accede to all the principles contained in the de
claration of the conference of Paris, provided that rela
ting to the abandonment of privateering enn be so amen
ded as to effect the object for w hich, ns is presumes), it
was intended, the immunity of private property on the
oceau from hostile capture. To otleet this object, it is
pjMiaised to adil to tlie de< laration that “privateering is
and remains abolished,” the following amendment;
“And that tlie private property of subjects and citizens
of a belligerent on the high seas shall be exempt from
seizure by the public armed vessels of the oilier bollige*
■ cuts, except it ho contraband ”
This amendment has been presented not only to tlie
powers which have naked enr assent te tlie declaration
to abolish privateering, hut to all other maritime Htates.
Thus iur it lias not been rejected by Huy, and is favorably
entertained by all which have made any communication
in reply.
Several ol tlie governments, regarding with favor the
proposition of tho United Slates, have delayed definite
action upou it, only for tlie purpose of consulting w ith
others, parties to the conference of Paris. I havethr sat
isfactiou of stating, however, that the Emperor of l!ns
sia lias eutirely and explicitly approved of that modifica
tion, and will co-operate in endeavoring to obtain the as
sent of other powers; and that assursnres of a similar
pnrport have been received in relation to tho disposition
the disposition of the Emperor of tho French.
The present aspect of this important subject allows us
to cherish tlie hope that a principle so humane in its
character, so just and equal in its o|icration. so essential
to the prosperity of commercial nations, ami so conso
nant to the sentiments of this er lightened period of Hie
world, will com maud the approbation of all maratitue
powers, aud thus be incorporated into the code of inter
national law.
My views on the subject are more fully set forth iu
the reply of the Secretary of State, a copy of which is j
herewith transmitted, te tlie communication op the sub
ject mane to this government, especially to the commu
nication of France.
Tlie government of Hie United Htates ling ut all times
regarded with friendly interest the other Htstee of Amer
ica, formerly, like this country, European colonies, ami
now independent Members of tb’ great family of notions.
Hut tile unsettled, condition of some Os tin 111, distracted
by frequent revofttHons, and thus incapable iff rogulnr
and firm internal administration, Ims fended tdrmbar-j
rasa occasionally our public intercourse, by reaum of
wrongs which our citizens stiller at their hands, and
which they are alow to redress.
Unfortunately it is agaimt the Jlepublic of Mexico,
with which it is our special desire to maintain n good
understanding, tliut sneh complOints are meet numer
ous; and although earnestly urged upon its attention,
they have not as vet received tlie consideration which
this government had a light to expect, While repara
tion for past injuries has been withheld, otliershave been
added. The political condition . f that country, however,
lias been ouch to demand forbearance on the part of
the United Htates. I shall continue my efforts to pro
cure for the wrongs of our citizens that redress which is
indispensable to the continued friendly nesoclation of tlie
two Hepnblics.
The peculiar condition of affairs iu Nicaragua in the
early part of thu present year, rendered it important
that this government should have diplomatic relations
with that .State. Through its territory lmd been opened
ono of the principal thoroughfares across tjio isthmus
connecting North and South America, on which a vast
amount of property was transported, and to which our
citizens.rosortcd in great numbers: in passing between
tile Atlantic and Pacific coasts of thu Untied Htates, The
protection of both required that the existing pow er in
that State should lie regarded as a responsible govern
ment ; and its minister was accordingly received, jiut
lie remained here only a short time. Hoori thereafter tlie
IKilitieal nlliiirs of Nicaragua underwent an unfavorable
change and became involved iu much iincerinifty and
confusion. Diplomatic representatives from two conten
ding pin tles have recently been sent to this government;
blit, w ith tlie imperfect information possessed, it was not
possible to decide which was tlie government (fr/arto;
and awaitiii( further developments, I have refused to
receive either.
Questions of the most serious nature are pending be
tween (lie United States and the Republic of New Gran
ada. The government of that Republic undertook, a
year since, to impose tonnage duties on foreign vessels
in lieqports, but the purpose was resisted by this govern
ment, as being contrary to existing tidily stipulation
with the United Htates, and to rights conferred by char
ter upon the Panama Railroad Company, and was accor
dingly relinquished at that time, it being admitted that
our vessels were entitled to be exempt from tonnage du
ty in the free ports of Panama and A spin wall. But the
purpose lias been recently revived, on tho part of New
Granada, by tlie enactment of a law to subject vessels
visiting her ports to the tonnage duty of forty cents per
ton: and, although the law has not been put in force,
yet tlie right to enforce it is still asserted, and may, at
any time, be acted on by the Government of that Re
public.
The Congress of New Granada has also enacted a law
during the last year, which levies a tax of more than
throe dollars on every pound of mail matter transported
across tho Isthmus. The sum thus required to be paid
on tlie mails of the United States would be nearly two
millions of dollars annually, in addition to tlie large sum
payable by contract to tlie Panama Railroad Company.
If the only objection to this exaction were tlie exorbi
tancy of its amount, it could not be submitted 10 by tho
United Htates.
The imposition of it, how ever, would obviously contra
vene our treaty with New Granada, and infringe the con
tract of that republic with the Panama Railroad Compa
ny. The law providing tor this tux was, hv its terms, to
take effect oil tlie first, of September last, but the local
authorities on (lie isthmus have been Induced to suspend
its execution, and to await further instructions on the
subject from tlie government of the republic. lam not
yet advised of the determination of that government. If
a measure so extraordinary in itscharacterjand so dear
ly contrary to treaty stipulations, and the contract
rights of tho Panama Railroad Company,composed most
ly of American citizens, should be’persisted in, it will he
the duty of the United Htatrs to resist its execution.
I regret exceedingly that occasion exists to invite your
attention to a subject of still graver import in our rela
tions with tlie Republic of New Granada. On tlie fif
teenth day of April hist, a riotous assemblage of the in
habitants of Panama committed a violent and outrage
ous attack on the premises of the railroad company, and
tlie passengers and other persons in or near the same,
involving the death of several citizens of tlie United
States, the pillage of many others, and the destruction
of a large amount of property belonging to tlie railroad
company. I caused full investigation of that event to
lie made, and the result shows ealisSiciorily that com
plete responsibility for what occurred, attaches to tlie
government of New Grenada. I have, therefore, deman
ded of that government that tlie perpetrators of the
wrongs in question should he punished, that provision
should be made for the families of citizens of tho United
States who were killed, with full indemnity for the pro
perty pillaged or destroyed.
Tlie present condition of the Isthmus of Panama, in so
far as regards tho security of persons and property pass
ing over it. requires serious consideration. Recent inci
dents tend to show that the local authorities cannot be
relied on to maintain the public peace of Panama, and
there is just ground for apprehension that a portion of
the inhabitants are meditating further outrages, without
adequate measures for the security and protection of
persons or property having been taken, either by the
State of Panama, or liy the general government of New
Granada.
Under the guaranties of treaty, citizens of the United
States have, by tlie outlay of several millions of dollars,
constructed a rail road across the Isthmus, and it lias
become tho main route between our Atlantic and Pacific
possessions, over which multitudes of our citizens and a
vast amount of property are constantly passing—to the
security and protection ot nil which, and tlie continuance
of the public advantages involved, it. is impossible for
the government of the United States to be indifferent.
1 have deemed the danger of the recurrence of scenes
of lawless violence in this quarter so imminunt as to
make it my duty to statiin a pail of our naval force in
the harbors of Panama and Aspiuwull, in order to pro
tect tlie persons and property of tlie citizensof tlie United
Htates in those ports, and to insure to them safe passage
across the Isthmus. And it would, in my judgement, he
unwise to withdraw tlio naval force now in those ports,
until, by tlio spontaneous action of tbe Republic of New
Granada, or otherwise, some adequate arrangement shall
have been made for tlie protection and security of a line
of interoccanic communication so important at this time,
not to the United Htates only, but to all other lnnrutiuic
Htates both of Europe and America.
Meanwhile, negotiations have been instituted by means
of a special commission, to obtain from New'Granada full
indemnity for injuries sustained by our citizens on the
Isthmus, and satisfactory security for tlie general inter
ests of the United States.
in addressing to you my last annual message, the oc
casion seems to me an appropriate one to express my
congratulations in view of the peace, greatness aud le
licity which the United States now possess and enjoy.
To point you to tho state of tho various departments of
the government, and of all the great branches of tlie
public service, civil and military, in order to speak of
the intelligence and tho integrity which pervades the
whole, would bo to indicato but imperfectly the adminis
trative condition of the country, and the beneficial effects
of that on the general w elfare. Nor would it suffice to
say that the nation is actually at pence at home aud
abroad: that its industrial interests are prosperous; that
the canvas of its mariner* whitens every sea: and the
plough of the husbandman is marching steadily onward
to the bloodless conquest of the continent; that cities
populous Htates are springing up. as if bv enchantment,
from tlie bosom of our western w ilds, and that tlie cour
ageous energy of our people is making of these United
Htates tlie greatest republic of tlie world.
These results have not been attained without passing
through trials and perils, by experience of which, and
thus only, nations can harden into manhood. Our fore
fathers were trained to the wisdom which conceived,
and the courage which achieved independence, the
circumstances which surrounded them, end they were
thus made capable of tho creation of tlie Republic, It
devolved on lhc next generation to consolidate the work
of the revolution, to deliver the country entirely from
the influences of conflicting Uiiusathiutic partialities or
antipathies, w hich attached to our colonial aud r< volu
tlonary history, slid to organize the practical operation
of the constitutional and legal institutions of the Union.
To us, of this generation, remains the not less noble task
of maintaining and extending the power of tlie Uuited
Htates. l\o have, at length rein lied the stage of the na
tional career, in which tlie dangers to be encountered,
and the exertions to lie made, arc the incidents, not of
w eakness, but of strength.
In our foreign relations we have to attemper our pow
er to the less happy condition of other Republics In
America, and to place ourselves in tlie calmness and con
scious dignity of right- b\ tlie side of tlie greatest and
wealthiest Ol the empires of Europe, in our domestic
relations, we have to guard against the shock of tho dis
contents. the ambitious, the Interests, and the exuberant
and. therefore, sometimes ii regular impulses of opinion,
or of action, which lire the natural product of the present
political elevation, the self-reliance and the restless spir
it of cntei prise of the people of the United Htates.
1 shall prepare to surrender the Executive trust to my
successor, and retire to private life w ith sentiments of
profound gratitude to the good Providence which, during
the period of my (administration. lias votichedsafed to
carry tlie country through many difficulties, domestic
aud foreign, and to me to contemplate the specta
cle of amicable and respectful relations between ours
and all other governments, and the establishment, of
constitutional order and tranquility throughout the Un
ion. FRANKLIN PIERCE.
Washington, Dec. 2, 1*36.
Mobile and Girard Itail road.
The people of Tike county tire discussing tlie
benefits which would nertie to them by the con
tinuation of the nbove road through their coun
ty. The “True American,” published nt Troy,
wnrmly utl vacates the entenprise.
At ft meeting of the Chatham Mutual Lohh
Associati ‘ii held ill Savannah on Tuesday eve
ning. the sum of s4oi)o was loaned, viz.-
S2OOO nt 16 per cent, and S2<KK) ut 15i per
cent.
COLUMBUS:
SaturUuy Horning, Dev. 6, 1850.
LARGRHT U'ITY CIRCULATION.
In order to give phioe to the President’s
Message entire,! vre have been compelled to
exclude our first page of advertisements this
morning. It is a long document. Most of
the views of the message meet our approba
tion.
His honor, .Mayor Wilkins, has appointed
John L. Mustiun, Esqr., as an additional del
gate from this city to the Southern Commer
cial Convention, to be held at Savannah.
Tuskegee Republican.
This paper, lhc establishment of which was
consumed by fire on the night ol” the 9tli of
October, is again under way. New establish
ment, out and out, and the paper comes to us
looking as neat as anew pin. Success to
Sayre.
A fire occurred in Cassvillc, (la., on Tues
day last, which consumed the wood shop of
Win. Headdeu, together with its contents of
stock and material, two buggies, one carriage,
and two wagons. Loss set down at two thou
sand dollars.
Mobile Municipal Election.
At tlie municipal election in Mobile, on the
Ist inst., the American party carried six out
of the eleven wards of the city.
There was no election for Mayor.
Columbia Races.
On Wednesday, Dec. 3d, purse S3OO, C. S.
Pryor’s Frank Allen took the purse iu the two
mile heats—best two in three, beating the field
in the two last heats. He was opposed by
Mary Blue Skin, Engineer and Carolina.—
Time—lst heat 3:52V ; 2d 3:474; 3d 3:53.
On Thursday, the three mile day, purse
SSOO, C. S. l’ryor’s Moidore, took the purse,
beating Adelgazia, Sebastopol and Gov. John
son. Time not stated.
*
Suicide.
We learn from the Wilmington (N. (C.) Ban
ner, that Mr. Hansom Waad destroyed his life
at his own house on Thursday last, by disc
harging the contents of a gun into his stomach.
Judge Wayne.
Wc regret to learn that Mr. Justice Wayne,
of the U. S, Suppreme Court, on Fritay last,
while holding a term of the Circuit Court iu
llaleigh, N. C., was attacked with paralysis.
Advices from Kansas, via St. Louis, inform
us that the Territorial Militia, under Colonel
Titue, will soon he disbanded, in consequence
of there being no further occasion for their
services.
Col. Titus, with one hundred volunteers, it
is believed, will proceed to Nicaragua.
The Claytou (Ala.) Banner is right in dis
crediting the rumor which it says is in circu
lation in that vicinity, to the effect that the
Bank of Columbus bad failed.
Bank of East Tennessee.
The Atlanta Intelligencer says that intelli
gence was received in that city on Tuesday,
from an authentic source, that the Bank of
East Tennessee lias finally surrendered at dis
cretion—utterly failed. Some of our experi
enced inonied men are inclined to the opinion
that the crash of this Bank will soon he fol
lowed by several other cases of a similar char
acter in that State.
Mail Bag Missing.
We learn that some two or three weeks ago
a brass lock mail bag started from Knoxville
to Nashville, Tennessee, failed to reach its
destination. It was either lost or stolen, but
no clue as to its fate could be found until a
few days ago. A man named William Smith,
formerly a “drummer” at Loyd’s Hotel, in
Atlanta, but who has for some time past been
employed as Mail Guard on the AVestern and
Atlantic Rail Road, was known to have a good
deal of money—was handling aud spending
much larger sums of cash thau than appeared
consistent for one in his station of life. The
circumstance was brought to the attention of
the officers of Road, aud one night last week,
Col. B. J. Cowart called upon the young man
at his lodgings, and succeeded in obtaining
from him 8950 in bills on Tennessee Banks,
which said he had found in a purse or pocket
book on the cars about a month ago, and was
keeping it to seo if any one claimed it. As
the mails between Knoxville and Nashville
pass from Dalton to Chattanooga over the
■State Road, it is reasonable to suppose that
this Smith knows the fate of tlie missing brass
lock bag.
Col. Barclay Martin, from Tennessee, Spe
cial Agent of the Post Office Department, ar
rived here on Sunday morning last, for the
purpose of investigating the matter, but we
understand Smith is missing.
Gen. Frierson, Special Agent of the Depart
ment for Georgia and Florida, is also here
lookiug into tlie affair.— Atlanta Intelligencer.
Removal of the Florida Indians
It is stated that the Secrtary of AA'arnnd the
Interior have concluded nn important arrange
ment for the peaceful removul of the Seminole
Indians from Floida. A delegation of Semin
ole chiefs from tlie west of the Mississippi will
bo sent to Florida with presents and promises
of liberal grunts of laud.
- -
A Vetran Office Holder.
William Hill, Secretary of the State of North
Carolina, bus just been re-elected for two years
from the Ist of Jenuary next. He Ims filled
the office for something like fifty years. The
Legislature has frequently changed its politics,
but Mr. Hill has never been disturbed. It is
not an ersy matter to remove a bill.
High Sales.
On Monday lust, court day, many slaves were
sold at public auction, aud brought extremely
high prices. Wc saw u boy about eighteen
years of age sell for $1,245. and another boy,
hot over ten, sell for $799. A little negro girl
also sold for upwards of SOOO. All of these
sales we consider enormously high.— Warren
on ( Fit.) Whig.
A noted politician was recently cnuglit by
friend in tlie net of perusing tbe scripture.
Upon asking him what particular portion of
the good book lie lmd selected for examination,
lie replied : “I am reading the story about the
loaves und fishes.”
The first snow of the sensou iu New A'ork
oily fell on Saturday morning, ami laid on tbe
ground, to the depth of all iueb or two, until
about 8 o’clock.
TEXjEC3-K,_A.3E > i3IlQ
Tolofcrupbod to Daily s Un
SEVEN DAYS LATER FROM EURop e
ARRIVAL OF THE ARABIA
New York, Dec. : x
Tbe British gteamship Arabia has arrived
Halifax with advices from Liverpool t 0 t i*
22d November, being one week later than o
Persia.
The Coototi market was quiet during t l
week, aud prices in all, except the infer;,*
grades, which declined an eigth, wore
tained. The sales of the week are reput
at 31,000 bales, of which speculators 1Ul ;
exporters took 2,700. Orleans Middlin
0 15-16d. Uplaud Middling CJU. ‘
The money market was decidedly easier
Consols 934.
The Bank of England had increased its i, U |,
lion 154,000.
From New Orleans
New Orleans, Dee. 3.
The sales of cotton to-day amount to &,,j(,y
bales. Middlings 11J to lljc.
Exchange —Sterling 7| .
Freights. —Cotton to Liverpool §. H iin(
H-
Groceries.— Lard in kegs 13c.; Pork lii
Clear sides 7}c.
From Charleston.
Charleston, Dec. 5.
The market was firm to-day and 1700 1n,!,,
were sold at full prices.
“My dear madam,” said a doctor to his pn.
tient, “I am truly gratified to see you yet in
life. At my last visit yesterday, you know I
told you, you had but six hours to live.”
“Yes, I know you did, doctor, but 1 did uut
take the dose you left me.”
A CARD—DECLENSION.
- Tlio undersigned respectfully tenders bis grut*.
ful thanks to those of his friends who have so cunrte
ously announced his name as a candidate for Aldettniui
of tlie Sixth Ward. Other duties, not necessary t„
specify here, prompt him to decline the honor and com
pliment so kindly intended. Feeling there is no lackof
candidates for municipal stations, he has no desiret
immolate himself at. present on the altar of his country.
Dec6-lt KDW’D A. WHITE.
SMYRNA FIGS.
\ FRESH lot of the last crop just received aud tm
sule at CEi.L.VH.
NEW OYSTER SALOON
and s£*.
RESTAURANT,
4rii Broad Street, Columbus, Ga.
T HIE subscribers respectfully inform their friends and
the public, that they have opened the above estali
lJshment, and the choice of every thing which this nml
the Northern maikets afford will always be found here
Our stock of Wines, Liquors and Cigars have beenw
lected witli great care, from tlie very best brands and
wc feel confident of our ability to give satisfaction tu nil
those who may honor us witli their patronage,and il Mill
be our highesr ambition to merit.
Having secured tlie services of a superior Cook, they
feel assured his department will be unsurpassed by any
in this city.
LUNCH from 11 to 12 o’clock everyday,
A Saloon for private parties.
Dec 6-ts J. B. THOMAS t GO.
ALE AND CIDER.
SUPERIOR Ale and Champagne Cider for sale by tin
barrel. J. B. THOMAS A CO.,
Dec. 6-tl’ 42 Broml st.
MUSCOGEE
BUILDING AND LOAN ASSOCIATION.
HMIE twenty-eighth installment of one dollar per
JL share, is payable on Saturday next, Gth instant.
The regular monthly meeting of tlie Association will Ik
held on that evening at Concert Hall, at 7 o’clock.
STERLING F. GRIMES,
Dec.fi. Treasurer.
THE RAFFLE
OF CANADIAN PONIES will take place at tin’
“ PLEASANT HOUR,” on Saturday night, tbe titli
inst., at 7 I’. M.
Dec. 5-St C. S. IIART & 00.
AT ALL TIMES.
OYSTERS by the gallon, at nu
•• *• “ barrel %
FISH from Apalachicola.
LEWIS FREDERICK.
Dec. 5-lm Baldwin street, near the Wharf.
FRENCH AND SPANISH LANGUAGES.
VERY grateful for, and encouraged by the liberal
patronage bestowed on me last winter iu this city.
I very respectfully again offer my services in tlie above
languages to my old pupils, and to the young Ladies
and Gentlemen of Columbus generally.
For a Course of 3G Lessons.
For one single Pupil 2u UO
For two or three in a class, eacli 15 W
For lour or more, each 12 5u
Spanish taught without extra charge, ami through
the medium of French, to pupils advanced enough in
the latter language.
Names left with Messrs. J. Isham, D. Wilcox. Cut.
Lomax, or at Pease's Book Store.
Dec. 5-llltf V. U. AIANGET.
HOUSE AND LOT FOR SALE.
UOU'SE containing SIX ROOMS, with Kit- ■ ,
ehen, Store Room, und other necessary
conveniences. Lot contains acre, has on it isos
a well of good water. Tho property is situated JjuJLi
on Jackson street, between Franklin and Bridge streets
immediately opposite tlie residence of Mr. Peter lie-
Laren. Enquire at the Sun office.
Dec. 6-ts
CORN
JUST received on consignment. For sale by
SHEPHERD & MOSS,
Dec. 4-ts At Redd A Co.’s old Stand.
TENNESSEE BACON.
JUST received on consignment, a lot of tine Tennersc
Bacon, consisting of Hums, Sides and Shoulders.
SHEPHERD & MOSS,
Dec. 4-ts At Redd A Co.’s old stand.
FINE FLOUR.
JUST received on consignment, a lot of superior Flour,
for sale by SHEPHERD A MOSS,
N0v.28-tf Redd’s Old Corner.
TO RENT. . ■
A COMFORTABLE’ DWELLING HOUSE, of
four Rooms, all necessary out building*. I|g*
und good garden. JUjul
Apply to
Dec. 4-ts J. B. HICKS.
FOR RENT.
r |WIE business House now occupied by L. J. Schools!
1 A Son. No. 32 Broad Street. For particulars, en
quire of the occupants.
Nov. 27. lw L. J. SCUOOLAK A SON.
CARPETS AND BLANKETS
A.T COST.
~ITfK offer a tine lot of Carpets and Blankets at roe’
N0v.28,1m ft. KOTHOIIILD A BKO.
CORN, CORN.
JUST RKCKIVEDon consignment, a large lot of Corn
and tor sale by It. M. A E. L. GRAY, Agents,
Dee. 2. and Commission Merchant:
ROCK SALT.
ROCK SALT ill Hocks from 10 to 200 lbs., a sup.rim
article for stock and cheaper tliun any other salt. >0
Doc 2-tl” GUN BY A CO.
SILKS AT COST.
I IKING desirous of reducing our extensive stock “ f
I) SILKS before removing to our new Store (now oc
cupied by J. S. Pemberton A C 0.,) we offer them at C' , : ,
Those desirlug BARGAINS will find It to their advant
age to call soon. CALHOUN A JOHNSON,
Nov. 26. 68 Broad Street.
SHEPHERD A MOSS,
RECEIVING, FORWANDING,
AND
COMMISSION MERCHANTS
Redd’s Corner, Brood Street.
COLUMBUS, OKORGIA.