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THE HERALD:
U"n. U'm. J. Hun nr., Heeretary of I lie Trea
tin')’ in 1833, and superseded by Gen. Jackson
because he would not remove lh- Public Money
from the U. H. Ilauk, ha* published a narrative
of the eimitnataiicea connected with Ilia ap
pointm lit to and removal from office. It ia
Haul to lie interesting, and untinged with bit
terncae or personal feeling.
Tlie territorlea of lowa. Wisconsin, *nd Flo
rida. will probably become State* in 1840.
Then we ahull haw twenty-nine atara on our
country’abanner.
Hr rat /•'it tin Ofrtleimltnrgh. -A fire hroki
out in Ogdciisburgh, Ht. Uwnncs do. nn Wed
nesday morning of last week, f 17th,) in the
ainWcaattached to the Ogdenabtirgh Hotel. It
thence burnt along Imth *idr* of Ford-atreet
into State-street, including the Ogdciisburgh
Hank, and up and down Isabella-atreel a con
siderable distance lx fore it eould be arreated,
dentroying acwrul atorea and ahopa, an well 11a
dwelling* and office*. The loaaof property ia
very heavy, though for leaa than it would have
been at any other time. n the merchant*’ateiek
of w inter good* Imd bee-, reduced very low,
and they had received no sprint; supplies. We
believe the Bank's bonk* and paper* were nil
pronerved. One hnmnn life was lost—that of
a man vvhoae rernaina were found the next
morning amid the ruin*. Hevrn horaea were
burnt to death.
HA NO U K, Md .Way , lain
Last evening, about 8 o’,-lock, v-e wrre amid nly
alarmed by a iremrndou* explosion that slunk flie
whole bidding terribly, and Anon we nuci-Atained dint
Daniel Rush * store bail been blown lo aiornt. The
old pint ia roinplelely deinohtlied, and (lie new part,
which hat just hern filled up for ad welling, it to
tballrred dial will duuhtlett lmvr In lie taken down,
lilt good* are ao much damaged by fire, wuier and
dirt, lliul they w ill tearoely bring mure dtnii one-fnrlh
of llieir value ; Ivul all tliit it nothing, when rutnpa
rrd lo die human tuifering that hat resulted from die
eiplotion There were fourlren person* in ihe linil
ding nl dti lime, six of whom nredsngrrrmsly wound
ed—tome with legs, others with arm* broken, and
all with llu ir furea trariiled in a shocking manner.
Daniel Kuth and iwo journeymen time milker* are
not expected lo live. Three of Daniel'* children are
among theme srrioutly injured, but tileyonngeet child
liiiraruloiisly rsca|icd unhurt It wat in die eradte,
and ihote who find arrived nl the arenn of ruin and
dittrett, tnw lit little hand above the rubbitli, and nil
removing ihe fallen timber, lliey found dial die cra
dle had preterved die rlnlet from being crushed to
death. f/ra. Hush, Daniel'a father and mtdiier,
John < ‘rnig, Afurphy Pool, Mr Kingtly and aon,
are all more or lest injured. Every laaly teem* tuba
ill a slate of gloomy amstciiieiit—wonder, curioaily
and astonishment pr, vail—mmilierleta eonjeelurea a*
10 the enutr of dir exploaion are ullnal, but nothing
definite in relation tlierem ran lie obtained, for those
who were in the tlor* when the unforliinntr event
look [dure, are 100 inueh injured to any any dung
aland ii.
Hav.vnn ah, May H.
Extensive Fire. We regret to nth!
another to the list of tires with which our
city has been visited lately. The large
Sientu Haw Mill on ihe west end of Fig
Island, uppoidtc the city, known ns ('apt.
Mkki.y** was consumed between two and
three o’clock yesterday morning. No a
lurm of lire was given, and very few in lltu
city, excepting the guard, knew any thing
of the calamity, until morning. Hcvcrnl
others were interested in the Mill besides
Captain Hkki.v. There was a great quan
tity of lumber alongside. The total loss is
estimated nl 948,000. . Two aelird, were
close to the Mill, when the lire broke out,
but by slipping llieir cables, escaped with-;
out damage. The race boat Caroline King,
was on a raft, near the Mill, with the rowers
asleep in her; by rutting (lie raft whit'll
vmis scut adiift, she also w as left uninjured.
The lire breaking out at such an unusual
hour, causes suspicion that it was the work
of an incendiary.
This is three line Mills destroyed on the
Savannah in little better than two months
—viz: Crabtree’s, Wade's and Seely's,
All the property of worthy and enterpri
sing citt*en. However, they will all soon
be in active ope nit lon vve hope, and will
rise “like the Phoenix front their ashes,”
w ith increased means of usefulness.
THE SAVANNAH REGATTA.
The Itegalta which Imd been sometime nn
notineetl, took place yesterday.
Long before SI o’clock, the wharves were
crowded with anxious spectators. The
beauty and fashion of out lively city, assem
bled to gruce the scene. The steamboats
Oglethorp, Florida, Talcott, and J. Htone,
were especially, honored with large parties
of our finest holies. Olliers chose terra
lirinn, and many rested on ihe liquid wave
in boats selected for the occasion. The
roup d'wil was grand and imposing. The
vessels in the harbour had their streamers
flying, and their ensigns floating on the
hrteze.
The race boats at their stations, seemed
every and anon to plunge into the deep,
like gallant coursers neighing for the
signal which was to prove their mettle and
their speed.
The hour at length arrives, and the boats
ore matched, when all is in the hands of
Fortune, and the stout arms of the sable
crews, the rowers being all men of color.
The following was the order of the
FIRST RACK.—SIX OARED.
1. Goddess of Liberty —coxswain (Jign
iliatt, 32 feel in length—entered ly Col.
11. Dubigtion.
2. Floyd —coxswain, Corwin, 38 feet—en
tered by Lower Creek Boat Club.
3 .Satadin —coxswain Parody, 40 feet—
entered bv Mnj. S. S. Shad.
4. Carolfpe King- —coxswain, Cercopels,
38 feet—entered by 11. Mongin. Esij.
The Goddess took her place second from
the city; the Floyd, fourth; the Saladtn,
third, ond the Caroline King, tirot next the
city.
The result was as follower :
The Floyd, first boat.
Caroline King, second boat, 58 feet
astern of Floyd,
The Saludtn, third boat, 95 feet atern
of do.
The Goddess o f Liberty, fourth boat, 100
t u .(, rl | 0 f do.
7'i me —o minutes, 30 seconds— slaeh water.
We understand in this rare, the Saladin,
broke one of her rullocks, about half way.
and ronsequently used but five oars.
HECO.ND RACE.—FOUR OAKKD.
1. Star —coxswain, Htrobart, 87 1-2 feet
in length-—entered by I*. A. Htrobar.
2. Lizard —rozwnm, Corwin, 2ft 1-4 feet
entered by Lower Creek Boat Club.
3. Snakr coxswain, Bailey, 32 feet in
leugih—entered hy Capl. Hailey.
I. Cioddrst of Liberty —coxswain. Duhig
non, 32 feet in length—entered by Col.
Dubignon.
The result was—
The Lizard, first boat.
The (ioddrss of Liberty, second boat,
2fto let t (rjtrn astern of the Lizard.
The Snake, third boat, 310 feet astern of
Lizard.
The Star, fourth boat, 310 feet astern of
Lizard.
Time —l minutes,2ft seconds, with tin- tide.
To the Lower ('reek Boat (’lull all praise
is due. Il is to llieir fine spirit theeilizeus
of Savannah owe the cheering aspect of the
city nn yesterday ; anil let in not be for
goltcn that this Club owes its origin to a
few noble minded mechanics, who felt that
they could introduce with success, the be
lightful recreation of boat racing into this
city.— They have succeeded, and to them
the credit is due. Already it numbers many
of our most respectable citizen*—let more
offer their names, and keep up a Club, the
support of which is nn act of public spirit,
and one that can never raise a nigh in the
breast of the moat scrupulous. Last year
they were unsuccessful—this vciir they
have distanced all competitors.
The Judges nt the starting point, were
(’apt- Howard, Messrs. Krynolds, and J.
L. HhalFcr.
The Judges at coining in, were Col. Hun
ter, Major Bowen, and ('apt. Bnurkc.
All the Judges agreed to the above state
ment.
From the llai.timoiik Amerii tv.
BLACK HAW K—TKCUMSEII.
Messrs. Kiutuhs: Hearing of the death of
the celebrated Sanx Chieftain, Black llawk I
urn induced to make you the following coui
municniion, which may be interesting to smut;
of your reader*.
During a residence of several years in what
is notv the Territory of lowa. I had many op
portunities of seeing and conversing with tins
noted warrior, end often look hack with feel
ings of great pleasure to (Jic muuy tokens of
good will and frieuship that lie lias frequently
bestowed upon me. Dig lodge was al stays
open to the stranger, and lie was ever ready
to share that with him which he might most
want, either his furs and blankets for n couch,
or his corn and vetison for a repast, lie al
ways spoke in terms of high regard of the
whites, saying that in war he fought like a
brave mult, hut in pence lie wished to forget
that Ins hand had ever been raised against
them. Ills career ns a warrior commenced at
n very early age; when he was but nineteen
years old, bis father Phwlicckc led a w ar party
against tin 1 Usages, in which expedition he
accompanied him ; they succcdcd in reaching
the villages of the Usages, which they attacked
and, after a very severe encounter, routed
their enemies and burnt llieir tow n. In this
encounter lllack Hawk’s lather was killed.
. The son lOAenged his death by killing and
scalping the Usage who had slain him. Hr
was found ol recounting his early exploits,
and often boosted of his being at the right hand
df Tccumselt, w hen the latter was killed at the
battle of the Thames. Mis account of the
death of this distinguished warrior w as related
to me hy himself, during an evening that I
spent lit Ins lodge some winters ago. In the
course of our talk, I asked him if he was w ith
Teettmseh when he was killed, lie replied.
“I was and 1 will not teU you all about it.
Tceumseh, sinuibinne and raid Well, two I’m
lawultaiilic. Chiefs, and myself, were seated on
a log near our gamp tire, tilling our pipes for a
smoke outlie morning of tire buttle, when word
came from the ilrtlltsli tlencrul that lie w ished
to speak with Teeinnaeh. lie went immedi
ately, and alter slaving some time rejoined us,
taking lii.s seat without saying a word, when
Caldwell, who was one of his favorites, oh
served to him my father, what are. we to do !
Shall we light the Americans / “Yes my son,”
replied Tecuinseli. “lie nhnll gn into their
nry siiroAe—but you are not wanted by the
General. Go, my son, 1 never expect to see
von again.” .Shortly after this (continued
lllack Hawk) the Indian spivs canto in, and
gave word of the near approach of the Amer
icans. Tceumseh immediately pousted liis
men in the edge of the swamp which flanked
the Hrittish line, placing himself at their head.
I was little to his right, with a small party of
Sattks. It was not long hefoie the Americans
made their appearance ; they did not perceive
os at lirst, hid as we were by the undergrowth,
but we soon let them know where we were by
pouring in one sir two volleys us they were
forming into line, to oppose the British. They
faltered a little, but vi ry soon we perceived a
large body of horse (Col. Johnson’s regiment
of mounted Kentuckians) preparing to charge
upon us in the swamp. They enntc bravely
on, yet we never stirred until they were so
close that we could see the flints in their guns,
w hen Teettmseh, springing to his feel, gave
the Shawnee war cry, and discharged his rifle.
This was the signal for us to commence the
tight, hut it did not last long; the Americans
answered the shout returning our fire, and at
the first discharge oftheirgunslsaw Tceumseh
stagger forwards over a fallen tree near which
he was standing, letting his rifle drop at his
feet. As soon as the Indians discovered he
was killed, a sudden fear came over them, and
thinking the Great Spirit was angrv, they
fought no longer, and were quickly put to
flight. That night we returned to bury our
dead, and search for the body of Tectunseh.
lie was found where he had first fallen, a bul
let hail struck him above the hip. and his skull
had been broken by the but end of the gun of
some soldier, who had found him perhaps
when life was not yet quite gone. \\ ith the
exception Os these w ounds his body was un
touched, lying near him. however, was a large
fine looking Pottawattamie who had been kil
led, decked off in his plumes and war paint,
whom the Americans no doubt had taken for
Tceumseh for lie was scalped, and every par
ticle of skin flayed from ins body.* Tecuin
seh. himself, had no ornament about his per
son, save a Brittisli medal. During the night
we buried our dead, and brought off the body
of Tceumseh. although w e w ere within sight
of the fires ofthe American camp.”
This is somewhat different from the account ;
which iscommonly given of Tecumseh’sdeath,
vet 1 believe it to lie true ; for after hearing
Black Hawk relate it, I heard it coroberated by
one ofthe Pottawattamie Chiefs mentioned by
him. 1 asked him if he hadever fought against
the whites afler the death of Teeumseh. He
said not —that he returned home to his village
on the Mississippi, at ihe mouth of Rock River,
and there he remained until driven away by
the whites in 1832. The wish to hold posses
sion of this village was the came of the war
winch was waged against the whites during
tint year. Ho told ms that he never wished
THU MCIZNTQSH CQVJfTT
to fight, that he wa* made to do ao; that the
white* killed his warriors when they went
w ith a while flag to beg a parley and that after
till* w its done, he thought they intended to kill
him at ail events, and therefore he would die
like n warrior.
In speaking of this defeat, he said it was
wlint he expected; lliat he did not mind it, hut
wlmt hurt him more than any lliing else was
our Government degrading him in tin: eyes of
his own people, and selling another chief
(Itoelmekj over him. This degredntion he
appeared to feel very sensibly—still he contin
ued to posses* all his native pride. One in
stance that came under my observation, I re
collect w ell, in which it was strongly displayed.
He happened to be inn small town in lowaou
the same day in which a party of Dragoons,
under ('apt. —arrived, and in payiug a vis
it to a friend with whom he always partook of
a meal, whenever he stopped at the village, he
met with the Captain who had lawn invited to
dine. Black Hawk remained, also expecting
the usual invitation to stay and eat with them,
but when the dinner was ready the host took
him aside, and told him the Captain, or rather
the white man’s chief was to dine w;lh him
that day. and he must wait until they had fin
ished. The old Chiefs eye glistened with an
ger as he answered him raising the forefinger
of one hand to Ins breast to represent the offi
cer—“l know the white manisa Chief, hut I,”
elevating the finger of the other hand far above
hi* head, “was a (thief and led my warrior* to
the light long before his mother new him.
Your meat—my tiny* tltnuhl not rat it.” Hay
ing tin*, he gathered the fold* of his blanket
about him, lie stalked off looking as proudly
ns if he still walked over the ground that he
could call u mtj own.”
black Hawk possessed, in a great degree,
| one f"e trait which is not usual for us to con
cede to the Indian—kindness and affection for
his wife, IL- never had but the one, and with
her he lived for upwards of forty years; they
had several children, three of whom still sur
vive, Iwo sous and a daughter.—The eldest
son is one of the most promising young braves
; nfthe Nation, and bids fair to be oiteof it* most
noble men. The daughter issllll quilr young;
and is considered as the miMt beautiful maiden
belonging to her tritie.
He lias now departed on his long journey,
to join those of bis people who have gone be
fore him lo llieir happy hunting grounds far
beyond the setting sun. ,1/ay the (ireat Spir
it grant him a clear sunshine and a smooth
path.
* I have fleen. inyself, in Kcntuckey, piece*
nf this skin tnnned, nnd displayed a*having be
longed in Tecumneh. I have never, however,
until now, thought proper to undeceive the hoi
iter* to the authenticity of their honorable tro
phies.
Down Kant Cunning in very aptly illustrated
in the following account of a strum boat sper
idation told by the Pawtucket Gazette. It
must be premised, that the steam boat lexing
ton, was prepared last winter, to run against
the John VV. Uichtnoild vs soon ns the latter
should commence her trigs this spring on the
route between this city and Providence. The
j story runs thus:
“The Transportation Company who have
almost moved heaven and earth to procure a
lsi.it that would heat the Richmond, went to
('ant. Vanderbilt the owner of the Lexington,
and proposed to him that if he would put his
boat in order and heat the Itichmoud every
trip for one month, they would then purchase
the Lexington of him, and pay fur her a far
gre iter sum than she was really worth. To
tins ('apt. Vanderbilt acceded. After he had
got his boat ready, lie, fearing she would be
( unable to surpass the Richmond in speed, went
to Capt. Townsend,unite Richmond and pro
posed to him that if he would allow him (Van
derbilt) to heat the lliehinond’ every trip for
one month, he would pay toT’apt. Tmvnsend
SI 500. To this proposition Cap. Townsend
agreed. Well, the Iwnils commenced running
and iho Lexington led the Kichmond at almost
any distance she pleased. She heal her every
trip, and the Company were in eestacies to
think that they had at length found that long
sought and fervently prayed forobjeel—a Isiat
capable of heating tile Itichuioud ; and even
the friends of the lliehinond believed that the
speed of their favorite boat was eclipsed, lint
behold ! as soon as the month hud expired, nnd
(lipt. Vanderbilt, had sold his boat at an ex
horbitant price and ('apt. Townsend had re
reived Ins ISt 10, for keeping the Itichuioud
hack, the dense got into the Lexington, and all
the tar, pitch and turpentine that grew in the
pine woods, couldn’t make her keep within
hailing distance, or even within sight of the
Itirhnioml! The Company w ere all down in
i the mouth again ; they had been “tuk in’’—
most essentially “come over;” nnd this lust
and probably most expensive contrivance to
run the Kichmond, resulted, as all their previ
ous ones have done, in injury, shame and ron
lusion to themselves, and to nobody else.”
Hr/torledfor the Unite*l Staten Gazette.
Commonwealth, > crtmlnm, Sessions,
Thomas W. Dyott. \ $l ,ril • ‘* tt ’
This being the day fixed for the trial of the
cause, Mr. Hirst, for the prosecution, moved
the Court to order a jury to be sworn, on the
opening of the Court.
Mr. Philips for the defence, announced his
readiness to lay before the Court an appHcu-
I lion, provided the cause could go on, hut as
there was a case actually in progress, and as
he claimed the right to select the jury out of
the whole panne!, that it would he impossible
to proceed ; especially as the council for the
defence, on consultation, had determined that
when the jury should be empnnuellcd, their
i separation would he objected to.
Judge Conrad said that lie would order the
ease on. as soon as the cause under trial should
end ; and journed the Court over until this
! (Tuesday) morning, nt 10 o’clock, and would
• adjoin it from day to day, until the present
ease should terminate.
It is probable the Court will he placed in an
embarrasing position ; this is the last week of
the term, and if the trial of Dr. Dyott be not
commenced during the term, he will be enti
tled to his discharge absolutely, under the act
of Assembly The ease now under trial, is a
prosecution for fraudulent involvencv against
one l’rizer ; w hich commenced last Thursday,
and bids fair to continue for some time. Judge
Conrad, however, has announced his determin
ation to overcome the difficulty. The case of
Dr. Dvott could not have been fixed for an
earlier day consistently with the other busi
ness of the Court. The defence will be con
ducted by Z. Philips, and J. K. Ingersoll. Esqs.
and the prosecution by W. L. Hirst, Esq.
The Collector at New Orleans. —The fol
lowing article from the New Orleans Courier
has relation to J. W, Breedlove, Esq., w'ho has
lately resigned the ollicc of Collector at New
Orleans;—
We alluded yesterday, to a suit ordered to
l>e brought by the Government against a gen
tleman of this city, for an alleged indebtedness
of the. letter. We understand the individual
denies the indebtedness, and that the w hole
matter will be shortly submitted to the deci
sion of the I’nited States District Court. We
think, therefore, under the present circuinstan- j
oes. it w ould be improper to make any fttr'her l
comments.
FROM ENGLAND.
Relations with England.—The account*
from England, received by the George Wash
ingtoii, have given great additional satiafaction,
on the pacific and conciliatory tone of England
toward! thin country, in all the principal point*
of controversey involved in our mutual rela
tion*. The feeling* of the English ministry, j
as shown in Parliament, arc os friendly as those :
of the people and the press of England.
There can be no doubt now of a speedy ter- J
initiation to the Boundary Question on auch
principles to give and take as will adjust the
difference* not only on that point, but will have
a great influence in quieting the border spirit,
and restoring the good feelings between their
colonies and our |sipulation along the Canadi
an line. The benevolent conduct of Sir George
Arthur in liberating the misguided young men
lhat had been deceived into the fray of last
year by what raseal Mackenzie and his coad
jutors, will produce no small effect, while the
magnamnity, forhesranre and public spirit of
Sir John Colbome, and the regular British ar
my under his command, will unite in the great
purpose of preventing two nations, bound to
gether by every tic of human existence, to
preserve their relations of peace and amity in
violate.—On our frontier, Col. Worth is still
on the ground, quieting the disorders on the
Vermont line, and, knowing his talents and dis
position, wc have no doubt he will succeed, as
General Scott so signally did on the Maine
frontier.
The position of this country with Europe is
materially changed from what it was in form
er year*. By the power of steam in naviga
tion. we belong to the same family of nation*
which is formed of England, I'rancc, and all
those countries where free institutions prevail
in all western Europe. A war between any
of these nations would be a war against civili
zation and reform. Wc do not believe lhat
any rupture, can ever take place nmong them,
unless it be stirred up by the intrigues of the
despotisms of Eastern Europe. At this mo
ment England, both government and people,
would sooner go to war with Russia than w ilh
any other country. Russia is to the free gov
ernment* of western Europe, including the ti
nned States as a branch of the system, what the
Persian empire was to Athens, Laccdemon,
and the other state* of Greece, in the age of
Miltiadas and Themiaticolea. If they quarrel
among themselves, they will be overrun by
nothern despotism ; if they preserve peace,
they will carry civilization and liberty over the
whole earth.
[ from Ike Liverpool \frcury of tlu 39M uU )
The intelligence brought by the Liverpool steam
ship from New York is very important, and, on the
w hole, somewhat of a warlike character .
The speeches in Congress—official document* —
itie proceeding* in the provincial Legislature of
Maine and other Stairs, seem all to amount to this,
thai though the Americans profess to wish for fur
ther negotiations, and u> avoid a war between the
two countries, with all its calamities to both, they
take it for granted that negotiations can only end in
one way, the complete concession of all they claim,
and they arc determined not to give up one iota of
their demands. Wc are not quite sure that they
are not in the right; ami however much we may dis
like and regret something of a tone of defiance,
which is mrt likely lo facilitate an amicable settle
ment of the question, if they are not in the right we
cannot, considering all things, wonder greatly at its
adoption. We have elsewhere given a suecink
history of the boundary question, and an extract
from on American work, which seems to set the
matter completely at rest if the statements which it
contains he correct; whilst, if they are erroneous
notluqg can be more easy than their conlradiction.
The omy point in dispute, according to this author,
is whether there ta’not ajine of higblandsdivuling the
rivers that empty themselves into the Si Lawrence
from those which fall into the Atlanlie Ocean. He
affirms that there is such a line, and so do the fra
mers of the treaty of independence concluded in
im
That a question so obvious and involving such
important consequences has been allowed lo rrmain
11 ii out led for upwards of fifty years, does noi at all
lessen the probability that tor fact is as the Ameri
cans slate it, because, our colonies, generally have
long been considered more at places affording scope
for ihe nereis* of patronage, and providing for
needy members of the aristocracy, than in any o( h r
light, either as regards the colonies themselves or the
mother country The question, with all its embar
rassing eonsetjttene.es, is another legacy left lo us by
Tory inisgovernment, but, threatening as it seems,
we see no reason why it should not lie honorably
and amicably settled. If left to the decision of the
two Governments, we are sure that it will be so set
tled ; and the only fear is lhat the parlies at ilie scene
of sriion may so precipitate mailers as lo involve
their respective countries in a war, which, after oc
casioning the sacrifice of millions of money, and the
shedding of rivers of blomi, would, after all, end in a
compromise A war between iwo great nations, of
the same origin and language, and both hosting of
free institution*, would lie a subject of rejoicing for
tyranny and ils supporters all over the world ; but it
would Ire a calamity deplored by every friend of
freedom, eiviliaation and humanity, and heavy in
deed w ill be the responsibility of that nation or
government which is the first to cry
ll Havoc, and let slip the dogs of war.”
The Liverpool mail of the -tilh instant says with
much warmth that the [iroceedings here “ point to
ihe unavoidable issue—war I” It says—
” They tell us that the American government have
nl length resolved to commence active negotiations
in order to arrive at an immediate settlement. But
of what use can negotiations be, when the whole
House of Representatives declare that they will
never surrender the territory 1”
From Ike loutdoa Morning Herald, (Torypaper )
The chances of war with the United Stales have
leil, it is believed, to speculations on nn immense
scale in cotton ; and these speculations again will,
of necessity, be followed in due time by heavy com
mercial reverses in some shape or other All ex
fierience, in short, tends to establish the utter fallacy
of the economical doctrine, that dependence on
foreign countries ought lobe regarded as a national
blessing !
Why should England lie dependent for the cotton
w hich she consumes on the cotton growers of the
United Slates 1 In her East India colonies, England
might (if the proper degree of care were bestowed
upon its cultivation) be supplied with a sufficiency
of cotton for nil her manufacturing establishments ;
nay, when regard is had in the character of the cot
ton manufacture, and to the claims of her colonics
upon England, it may be doubted whether the cot
ton trade might not be transferred gradually and
most beneficially to the shores of India. India
yields the raw material of the manufacture.
There can, at all events, exist no question as to
ihe expediency of procuring from India those siip
plies of raw cotton which we have hitherto drawn
from the United States. India bids fair soon to
supply us with lea; why not with cotton !
In all that appertains to trade, the United Slates
nrr. in truth, far more dependent on England than
Englaad is on them. British commerce has created
all the wealth of New York and of the other princi
pal towns throughout the Federal Union. It may
be doubted, how ever, whether sound policy does not
dictate that Halifax and the chief towns in our Noth
America Provinces ought not to be selected us cm po
rt a for British goods and whether such a change in
Ihe passage of our manufactured commodities lo the
hands of consumers in the U. States might not be
attended with the happiest effects on our colonies, as
well as on the (tower of England.
Src.Aß.—lt appears that a numberofthe
farmers of the interior of Pennsylvania,
have turned their attention to the manu
facture of sugar in sufficient quantities for
the use of their own familes. We recently
mentioned a ease of the kind at Washing
ton, and anotherat Erie. The Grecnsburg
Ituelligenceratklss third, in which a citizen
of Hcmpfield township, Westmoreland
county, made from one sugar tree during
the {>ast season lit pounds of sugar.
JAMES MADISON.
Os the lamented patriot and *taicsnt:in,
James Madison, it was once remarked to the
first President of the I'niled State*, “ How
doea it happen, sir, that we do not observe the
name of .Mr. Madison among the appointments
of foreign ambassador*, or as selected to fill all
important situation under the home Govern
ment 1 This seeming omission appear* the
more strange from the friendship and attach
ment that is so well known lo subsist between
Mr. Madison and yourself.”
Washington replied: “ As to a foreign em
bassy, the best in gift of the Executive (they
were, in those days, England, France, and
Mpam) have been tendered to Mr. Madison
over and over again, while his extreme repug
nance. to a sea voyage renders his going abroad
out of the question; and, as to the home ap
pointments, there is not one that would be
deemed worthy of Mr Madison's acceptance,
that he does not well know is, and from the
commencement of the Government always
has been, entirely at his service. “
It was during a time of considerable politeal
excitement that Mr. Madison had a large dinner
party, of members of Congress and others.
The conversation look rather a free turn, and
public men and public measurs were discus
sed without reserve. Mr Madison held up hi*
hand and remarked : “ Pause, gentlemen, if
: you please. While I admit that, in a repub-
I lican country like ours, the acts of public men,
\ from the highest to the lowest, are alike open
I to fair and liberal investigation, permit me lo
i say that the personal character of General
Washington, his eminent virtues, and match
less service* to his country, must, under my
! roof, always be treated with the most profound
! respect.”
During the latter days of the venerable sage
| of Montpelier, he was wont todelight his num
erous guests with relations of bygone men and
things. Speaking of our happy Contitution
lo a distinguished personage, he remarked:
“ After the peace of 1783, we were in great
confusion in politiral respects. It was agreed
on all hands that our old system would do no
longer, and many of the best and wisest of the
land became the advocates of a more national
system of policy : the States of the old Con
federation to cede certain powers lo a General
Government, so as to form a Legislature,
Executive, and Judiciary for the Union. But
how to organize a convention to form a Con
stitution for the new Government, when so
many conflicted interests, sectional and oth
erwise, were in the way, was a matter of no
ordinary difficulty. All eye* w ere turned to
wards him, who, retired from the great events
of the Revolution, was enjoying a well-earned
repose amid the shades of .Mount Vernon.
Could we but enroll the name of Washington
among the deiegatesto a convention, under
j such favored auspices our success in the for
mation of anew Government was certain. —
And, yet, it seemed ungenerous, nay, almost
unkind, so soon to rail this illustrions citizens
from his beloved retirinent, after his mighty
labors in the war of Independence. An appli
cation was made to him through a highly con
fidential medium ; it was respectfully recei
ved, but at once declined. Nothing daunted,
we returned to the charge; and, as every one
knows, finally succeeded. The patriot could
not resist the united eali of his countrymen,
lie repaired to Philadelphia, and presided in
the convention. The Constitution was formed,
nod afterward* adopted by the States; and
thus did the great name and character of
Washington, in peace as in was, shed the
most happy and benign influences upon the
destinies of his country."— From“ the Cttstis
Recollections and Private Memoirs of the Life
and Character of Washington.”
From the Philadelphia Gazette.
JUDGE LYNCH.
„ Tins important personage, after having
lain quiescent for some weeks, judging from
the newspapers, has latterly come out again
on the South and West, with his swift writes
of procedemfo ad judicium —being apparently
as sound a hater of ‘the law’s delay,’ as was
the melancholy prince of Denmark himself.
It was lobe hoped that he had his glut of
retribution for a season ; but the Brutus feel
ing is in a manner on him all the while; and
so long as it is he will be on the scent for vic
tims.
Seriously, if there be any subsidence of the
Lynching code or spirit, under lhat special
name, it is ramifying itself into other forms,
which cannot but appal and strike with seri
ous reflections, every friend of humanity and
the laws. It no longer contents itself with
the cord and the scourge; it enters the very
holiest in the temple of Justice, and seizing
the fasces and the axe, madly usurps a su
preme dominion—polluting and overawing
on every hand. This is not precisely what
may be called the Lynch action ;it is the
Lynch inueflnee, no less baleful because more
secret, or because it silently exerts itself on
jurors.
Two cases, illustrating this dreadful states
of things, arc now freshly on record. One is
that of Judge Wilkinson and others, in an af
fray at Louisville, at the Galt house, where
two persons were brutally murdered in broad
daylight, in presence of many witnesses. W T e
have heard a gentleman say who was pre
sent, and saw the murdered men lying on the
floor, that it was one of Ihe most sorry sights
of the kind ever presented to the eye.
The men killed were simply seeking a law
ful end—they were destroyed outright—and
yet the murderers were acquitted! We
should like to ask—on what principles of law 1
What of equity 1 What of imperfect evi
dence f What of fact—or what of reason 1
The last was that of Dr. Vaughan, for the
murder of young Pleasants, just decided in
Virginia— the result— acquital. Our read
ers must remember the incidents of this atro
cious homicide. Pleasants was the accepted
lover of an accomplished young lady, of whom
Vaugham was also enamored. He prefered
his suit, and was rejected. In a fit of blind
indignation, he thought to succeed in win
ning her affections, bv destroying the man to
whom she was betrothed. Accordingly he
sought every mode to provoke him into a
duel; but apology after apology on his part,
was the result of this brave stratagem. At
last he walked into the room of Pleasants, at
his hotel, only a few days before his intended
marriage, and placing a pistol at his breast,
at once shot him down. The scene was a
terrible one; the young man’s shirt bosom
onfire from the powder; himself staggering
across the room, his heart’s blood gushing
out upon the floor, and his malignant assail
ant looking fiendishly on !
One would suppose that such a man. for
such an act, so clearly proved, should be
hanged as soon as tried; but no—he is ac
| qu itted, and at large.
Is it not clear front cases like these, that
the laws are rapidly losing there power of
punishment or of protection, and that Judge
Lynch is taking hie scat too frequently in the
courts of the land.
The New York Commercial Advertiser states
that the receipts of the Camden and Amboy
Railroad, during the last week, for the freight
of merchandize, amounted to from sixteen
hundred to two thousand dollars per day. A
large amount of this merchandize is purchas
ed o;i Philadelphia account.
Interesting Investigation— *The New
York Express, iu speaking of the recent
death of Mr. Witbington, who was killed
by the explosion of a gas pipe, while blow
ing into it, says: “We learn that litis unfor
tunate oecurrenre has led aotne of our
practical scientific men to commence intesti
gations, the result of which may be of vast
importance. It in aaid that an examination
of gas pipe has shown a deposite oftxrecd
ingly fine particles, which for their present
purposes the gentlemen denominate ‘con
densed permanent electricity.’ The exper
iment, was yesterday tried with a file, and
a detonation, or instantaneous explosion
was produced by/ontart of the fi|i with
the deposite or residum of the gas. The
key to the death of Mr.eWillington is furn
ished bv the supposition, strongly sustain
ed by tfie result of this experiment, that
when he put his teeth to the pipe, they
touched the deposite of condensed gas, and
produred the melancholy accident of which
our readers had the particulars in yester
day’s Despatch.
If the sanguine anticipations of the gen
tlemen engaged in the inquiry’ are not
defeated, this melancholy occurrence may
add another to the long list of names of
| persons who hare fallen martyrs to science,
; inasmuch as the circumstances attending
| their deaths have led to highly important
I discoveries. It is certain lhat the theory
advanced above, is the only approach to an
1 explanation of the phenomenon which has
\ yet been made. The principal difficulty
that occurs to us is, that in cutting off, fil
ling and repairing gas pipes, which have
I been in use, no such explosion ordetonation
has before been noticed. I’erhaps inquiry
into the past experience of the mechanics,
who are thus employed, may show that
such shocks have before occurred, but have
been passed over without inquiry or com
ment.”
Akiy or Xerxes.—The most numerous
army of which wc have any account in the
annals of history was that of Xerxes. Ac
cording to the statement of Rollin, which
is founded on the statements of Herodotus,
Isocrates and Plutarch, this army consisted
of 1.700,000 foot, 80,000 horse, and 30,000’
men for conducting the carriges and camels.
On passing the Hellespont, an addition was
made la it from other nations of 300,000,
which made his land forces amount to 2,-
| 100,000. Ilis fleet consisted of 1207 ves
sels, each carrying 230 men ;in all 277,010
! men, which was augmented by the Europe
: an nations, with 1200 vessels carrying 240,
000 men. Besides this fleet, the small gal
leys, and transport ships, amounted to 3000,.
containing about 210,000 mm. Including
servants, eunuchs, women, suttlcrs, and
others, who usually follow an army, it is
reckoned, that the w hole number of souls
that followed Xerxes into Greece, amount
ed to 5,‘-&<1,220: which is more than the
whole of the male population of Great
Britain and Ireland, above twenty years
of age, and nearly triple the whole popula
tion of Scotland. After remaining sometime
in Greece, nearly the whole of this immense
army, along with the fleet, was routed and
dcitroyed. Mardonius, one of his ablest
commanders, with an army of 300,000, was
finally defeated and slain at the battle of
Plataea, and only three thousand of this vast
atrny with difficulty escaped destruction.
Russian Empire. —The Russian empire
in Europe has been nearly doubled in little
more than half a century. In sixty-four
years she has advanced her frontier eight
hundred and fifty miles towards Vienna,
Berlin, Dresden, Munich and Paris, she has
approached four hundred and fifty miles
nearer to Poland, and ha* advanced to with
in a few miles of the ea pi talof Sweden, from,
which, when Peter the First mounted the
throne, her frontier was distant three hund
red miles. Since that time she has stretch
■cd herself forward about one thousand
miles towards India, and the same distance
towards the capital of Persia. The regi
ment that is now stntioucd at her furthest
frontier post, on the western shore of the
Caspian, has as great a distance to march
hack to Moscow, as onward lo Altock on
the Indus, and is actually further from St,
Petersburg, than from Lahore, the capital
|of the Sciits. The battalions of the Rus
! sian Imperial Guard, that invaded Persia,
found at the termination of the war that
they were as near to Herat as to the banks
of the Don ; that they had already accom
plished half the distance from their capital
to Delhi : and lhat, therefore, from their
camp in Persia they had as great distance
to march back to Bt. Petersburg as onward
to the capital of Hindostan. —Progress of
Russia in the East.
Progress or ocr cause. —There is no
stronger evidence of the progress of tem
perance principles, upon the public mind
than the freedom with which the public
presses speak out upon the subject. But
a few years since, it was with the utmost
j delicacy that any publishers, except those
who were devoted exclusively to the cause,
were willing to touch upon the great evils
| of intemperance; now a majoiity of the
presses of all parties being to bear their
united testimony against intemperance,
” c trust that they will continue to be inde
pendent, and speak forth the truth in sober
earnest; and vety soon this great national
evil will be done away.—Were there a
foreign army invading our,'land, enslaving
fine hundred thousand of our fellow citi
zens, murdering thirty thousand a year,
and levying a tax upon our nation of more
than one hundred millions ofdollars, every
press would speak of it in the most heart
stirring strains.—[lnd. Tent Adv.
Economy in clearing Coffee.
This, which is, ordinarily, a small affair,
grows into a matter of some magnitude with
those who love a clear cup of coffee when
eggs can scarcely be had for this purpose,
(as is sometimes the case with those who
live in towns and villages) and when other
clarifying agents are not at hand. We
would therefore inform such as are not
apprized of the fact, that a single egg may
be made to clear a pound or more of coffee,
by stirring it with thecoffee after it is parch~
ed, and before it is entirely cooled. This
method also saves trouble, as the operation
will not have to be repeated until the pound
is exhausted.
Appetite.— lt is calculated that 12,000.000
pills are swallowed in the U. 8. annually. No
ondor the doctors Sourish,