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5 tocckln jfllbttg Ncnjspaptr—0cuotcb to News, politics, Citcraturc, ©cnevat Jntclligcitcc, ^Agriculture, &c. fcc.~forms: fo»u UDoIlars in aiioancc
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I., NO. 19.
ATHENS, GA„ THUESHAI MORNING, NOVEMBER 11, 1847.
VOLUME IV. NUMBER 31.
3)u&Ifs&etr ZV crfeln,
O DOLLARS A YEAR!
INVARIAOLY IN ADVANCE.
&HXISTV &. T. M. LAMPKXN,
Uusturcsi directors.
ALEXANDER & CO., Wholesale
A J. BRADY, Wholesale and Retail
• Dealer mi Groceries and Dry-Goods, College
Avenne, next door to the Post Office, Athens, Ga.
Letters of Cnaiiod
Notice to Debtors and Crccltiori
Four Months' Notice.
Sale of Personal Property, by t
bbt. * A SA M. JACKSON, Attorney at La
•* *5 ■ il Watkinsville, Ga. April 2:
4 00 1
A LBON CHASE, Bookseller and Sta
tioner, Broad street, Athens. Jan 14
iekly
Wr Notice ^
ed sixty turn previous tc
»-The .ale of Person
must bn published forty
9T Notice to debtors i
be published forty day..
Mr Notice that Applic
of Ordinary for leave to
published rona moxth..
If publish
i continuance. If publish-
still l»e charged 75 cents each time.
vltcn the number ofinsertions is not
rill be published till forbid and charg-
sale of Lands and Negroes, byAd-
Noverahcr 2. 1847
j f 1 & W. J. PEEPLES, Attorneys at
yJ • Law—Offices in Athens and Gainesville, Ga.
Clark, Walton, Jackson,
and FranUhn.ofthe Wt«
kin and Forsyth, of the I
of (he Coweta Circuit.
C.Peefles, Athens,
W.J. Peepi.es, Gams
NEW FALL AND WINTER GOODS.
Newton <&, Lucas, i
A GAIN invite the attention of their friends and
customers to a very largo assortment of j
Maple and Fancy Dry floodn, j
Consisting of plain, English and French Merinocs, i
Plain Cashmeres, D’Lancs and Mohairs,
Supr solid color real Cashmeres,
Plain and changeable Goat’s Hair,
Snp’r satin striped Goat’s Hair,
Extra sup’r cm it’d cashmere Robes, 12 to 818,
Plain Alpacas, in every variety,
Plain, striped and figured Alpacas,
Black Alpacas, 30 cents to 81 00,
Black and colored Bombazines,
Black Queen’s cloth for Cloaks,
Extra snp’r silk warp Alpacas,
Fancy cloakings for ladies,
Handsome linings for Cloaks,
Rich high colored plaid Cashmeres,
Small Pin ids for children; Twilled Fr'h Ginghams,
Scotch, Manchester and American Ginghams,
French, English and American Ginghams,
Calicoes, California and Oregon Plaids,
Silks.—Dress Silks, black Silks, Visette do
Visetlo linings, ‘ringes, gimps, &c &.c
Heavy colored Fringes for trimming dresses,
Heavy black 6atin Fringe for cloaks,
IllllOyS.-— Bonnet, cap and neck Ribons,
Velvet neck Ribons and narrow Scarfs,
Gloves, Handkerchiefs, Scarfs and Cravats,
SUSPENDERS—new and handsome styles,
tnuallna. Ucrs and Fancy Trimming's.
Snp’r emb’d Tarlatan and Swiss evening Dresses,
Plain colored evening Dresses, in every variety.
MILLINERY ARTICLES.
Bonnets, Flowers, Tabs, Wreaths, &c &c
Shawl*.—Rich embroidered Merino Shawls,
SuptfCnhmcre do
fownTf* winter Shawls of every style,
Ifcjjey Silk Shawls.
| TAMES BANCROFT & CO., Dealers
“ " e j •) in Dry Goods, Groceries, dpc., comer of Broad
! and Spring streets, Athens, Ga. Ap 22
M allory, ferry & co., whole
sale and Retail Dealers in Hats, Caps, Boots,
Shoes, Trunks, &c., Broad street, Athens, Ga
JOHN II. NEWTON. FREDERIC
IVfEWTON & LUCAS, Wholesale and
Dry Goods, Groceries, Hard-
I , Cloth*, Casslmeres
BleJck French Cloth, well «
try stipr Cloth G to 810; <
tender of his services in the Storage and sale
of COTTON and other Produce, at his firc-prool
Warehouse, Augusta. Ga. Aug 7,1847
PEEPLES & CAMP, Wholesale and
JL Retail Dealers in Groceries, Dry Goods, Ilard-
, Crockery, &c. t No 7, Granite Row, Broad St.
no CZ.l Knv fi 1
R J. MAYNARD, Book-Binder, (over
>• the Southern Banner Office,) Broad Street,
©owcnior’s message.
Executive Department, )
Milledgeville, Nov. 2, 1847 j
Fellow-Citizens of the Senate
and House of Representatices :
The measures to which it is my duty
to direct your attention are few and ob-
They shall be remedial of de
fects in existing laws, or suggestive of
policy. The present mode of
taxation rests upon the accumulated leg
islation of nearly half of a century, amid
all the varying circumstances of its pe
riodical suspensions and revivals, change
rkqftabtc staples, increase of pop
ulation, and enlargement of territorial
The profusion of lavs on this
subject has made their execution embar
rassing and doubtful. Within one-third
of the entire area of the State, the class
ifications of the qualities of the soil, with
pecific discriminations in the tax on
•ach, amount to at least sixty'. Even
counties are subdivided into a series of
classifications in this respect, which are
not authorized by the value of the free- !
hold or its productions. Geographical!
points constitutiug limits to which cer-;
tain rates of taxation shall extend and
where others begin, are designated by
names that are generally unknown and
almost forgotten. Sometimes vague
language is employed as descriptive of
the quality and position of the freehold.
Nor is it less to be noticed that that por
tion of real property in the State, lying
northwest of the Cherokee line, as descri
bed in the tax act of 1828, is assessed
indefinitely, certainly without that pre
cision as to varieties of soil and specifi
cation as to rates of taxation which ob
tain in other portions of the State.—
These imperfections require correction.
present year, will entirely extinguish.
Yet amidst the prosperous condition
of our fiscal affairs, a reduction of taxes
cannot be safely made. After exhaust
ing all the available means of the Cen
tral Bank, still an estimated deficit ex
ceeding S200,000 of its bonds will re
main unpaid, and for which the State
is liable and should promptly pay.—
Moreover,fifteen thousand pound of ster
ling bonds are oatstanding, which were
sold by Messrs.Reid,Irving &Co., under
their agreement with the State, and
which it is important should be redeem
ed at the earliest convenience of the
Slate. In view of these liabilities, it is
not perceived that any surplus will be _
in the Treasury at the efflTof the next i per cent., payable
two years, unless the military claims on
the United States should be paid, and
the bank stock owned by the State, but
solemnly pledged as a fund for the edu
cation of the poor, should be sold. Even
then a high duty will remain to be per
formed—that of preserving public credit
in its honorable position, by the creation
of a sinking fund for the redemption of
the public debt.
The public debt of the State, as gen
erally understood, consists of bonds is
sued at this Department for the construc
tion of the Western and Atlantic Rail
way. At this time its aggregate amount
may be stated to be §1,679,875 60 of
which $1,435,2*50 are in Federal bonds
payable at the Treasury. .£15,000 in
sterling bonds sold by Messrs. Reid,
Irving&Co., previous to 1843, and £15-
130 6s., also, in sterling bonds, as a bal
ance due to this firm for their advances
made to the State in 1839. The semi
annual dividends of interest as well
the principal of the sterling bonds i
payable in London. For more detailed
by the present Legislature; and in case; the State serious injury by a diminution 1 is deemed necessary, and may proba-
of its assets, were fully detailed to the bly be obtained by your urgent remon-
Financial Committee, which assembled strance against further delay in the pay-
in this place las year—its motive and ne- meat of these old claims,
cessity were then explained—that I con- j During the past summer, from repre-
sidered the bonds thus redeemed as so j sentations made to me, a number dfex-
much money in the Treasury, and would ecutions were ordered to be issued
be immediately converted into cash against certain Banks for taxes due to the
whenever the public wants required iheir! State. In the absence of every kind of |
sale or even sacrifice—and that in <*iih- evidence that ought to have been found
er event their destiny would be as safe | in the office of the Comptroller General,
in the hands of the authorities of the j confidence was reposed in the state-
particularly to bring to an early yonclu- j State as under an auctioneer’s hammer, ment then made. This was strength-
sion this oldnad perplexing tratfe&ctiftn. I Its end realized mv expectation. The . ened after reliable information had been
The amount of£15,000, heretofore! Treasury has suffered no sacrifice—the! received, that an execution had some
mentioned as having been sold by Reid, j public creditor has encountered no de- | years ago been issued against the tnsur-
Irving & Co., bears an interes&of five nial or delay. j ance Bank of Columbus, but returned
London, but ex-1 The reportofthe Treasury made to this; in consequence of some irregularity as
oeeding the rate of six per cent, when i department in compliance with the act j to the officer by whom it issued. The
estimate is made of the price at which j of 1843, exhibits its available means no j paramount lien created by the la$ law
the bonds were sold—the difference of hand to he $63,546 59. Of this amount of 1804 lias brought in conflict the,State
of deficiency of means in the Treasury,
that then it may be supplied by a loan.
But it is not supposed that such a de
ficiency will exist, as the surplus and ac
cruing means of the Treasury are deem
ed fully adequate to pay all necessar}'
appropriatons, and this debt. ■*•.
The proposed alteration only trans
poses the objects for which the toon-may
be authorized, and has been suggested
to meet every contingency, and
Whilst in the act of amending our sys-1 information as to. the periods when all
KT BISHOP, Wholesale and Retail Gro-
X • cer, No 1, Broad street, Athens, Ga.
lege Avenue, Athens.
W ILLIAM A. LEWIS, Attorney at
Law, Gumming, Forsyth county, Georgia,
:t with prompt and faithful
and Vesting*.
ssortod; Simonas’ex-
_ _ ra black beaver Cloths,
blue,brown and black Beaver Cloths; Pilot Ciotl)9
and heavy Woollens for overcoats; supr French.
English and American Casimcres; rich silk, wool
len and velvet Vestings; Tweeds, Kerseys, Lin*
acys and heavy winter woolleni
Ready y • ’
rock coat)
Blankets 8*4 10-4 12-4 bed blankets, negro blank
ets of all kinds.
CARPETS, RUGS AND OIL CLOTHS.
Green Bazo, damasks, mcrinoes and table dia]
damask napkins, towels, table
knitting yarns, crcwells, twist, &c &c.
Flannels.—Super Welch Flannels,
Plain and twilled red and white Flannels,
TAILOR’S TRIMMINGS.
Paddings, canvass, lindings and buttons.
Bleached Goods.—4-4 S-4 12-4 bleached Sheet
ing*, bleached shirtings and long cloths
^ . best anchor
bolting dcthsT books, paper, ink, quills, &c kc. j
HARDWARE AND CUTLERY.
Blacksmith’s tools, bellows, anvils, hammers and |
trace chains; weeding hoes,-Collins’, Simmons’ |
and Davis’ axes. Saddlery Hardware.-— Harness j j cn * ce C 0 f arrai
trimmings and harness leather; carriage trim- j Wl „ hc fittcd
mings and materials; patent leather and top leather. J , 1)C pnrpose c
■lata. Cap*. Root* and Show. ■ derimr the i
Gent’s super stiched dress boots; extra super light
water proof boots; Ditcher’s heavy boots ; mens’
coarse and fine shoes in every variety; ladies’ su
per kid slippers and walking shoes; children’s, mis
ses’ and law’s shoes.
. Saddles, Bridles and Martingales.
Whips, collars, blind bridles and buggy harness.
A large lot of Crockery and Glasstcarr,
Tea setts, dining setts, plain, and cut tumblers.
TIN AND WOOD WARE. •
Plain, iron and brass bound wash tubs; Brown’s
brusber, &c; children’s willow wagons.
GROCERIES.
Seper Rio coffee; old Government Java coffee,
SugaT, syrup and molasses.
Crushed and loaf sugar; Extrfine Teas,
Pepper, spice and ginger; Liverpool and allum salt,
VAN IIOIITCN & BARRETT,
COACH-MAKERS, ATHENS.
gRftl Cog leave to inform their friends and the
SiiSfLnuhl c generally, that they occupy the OLD
dtand on the south west corner ofthe square
which fho Methodist Church stands—where they
e on hand several VEHICLES, and are constantly
ions of CARRIAGES,
with neatmjss and despatch-
>, 13*7 ly
atchci.
CONSTANTLY on hand, a
splendid assortment of Gold and
Silver Duplex,Patent Lever, An-
&$3 chor Escapement, Lepine and
Verticle WATCHES, selected
with care and warranted perfect
time-keepers.
THE NEWTON HOUSE,
B II. MARTIN.
Ur. J. B. CARLTON,
the Bank.
Riflo powder, blasting powder, shot and lead,
Blue stone, tobacco, ropes, cords, &c. All of
which is offered at a small advance for cash or ap
proved credit. NEWTON & LUCAS.
Athens, Oct. 14, 1847-
Auction and Commission Business.
L. W. SHACKLEFORD,
H AVING made such arrangements with A. &
T. W. BAXTER, as to enable him to m
all the demands of such a business, begs leave
inform his friends and the public generally, that he
w prepared to carry on the
Auction tie Commission Business,
In nit its nranclies, #
And will keep constantly on hand a well-selected
stock of MERCHANDIZE, of every variety.
U*He hopes to receive a liberal share of patronage.
Athens, January 21,1847. tf
exchange between this country anil Eu
rope, and the Commissions to our agents
London. In every view it is important
that they should be redeemed at the
earliest moment. For this purpose it is
respectfully submitted that the Governor i
be authorized to effect a loan, not
ceeding the necessary sum for their
S16.36S 59, consisting of the taxes ofthe ^ and Mr. Hollord, a creditor of the
present year and the poor school fund, j Insurance. Bank of Columbus. The
are a part of the resources ofthe Trcas-! issue between them involved many facts
urv, and applicable to the wants of the asserted on the oue hand and denied on
government for the fiscal year just coin-! the other. 1 was reluctant to decide
! need. To the last mentioned sutn j between the parties, and at my request
these bonds were issued, their respec
tive amounts, and other particulars, I
beg leave respectfully to refer you to a
tabular statement compiled by the Fi
nancial Committee of the last year, and
appended to their report; copies of
which will be early laid before you.
It should be observed that in arriving
at the aggregate amount of the public
debt,I assumed the same basis that was
dopted by the Financial Committee, in
of taxation, the conclusion must be
rivetted on every mind by a candid ex
amination and comparison of all its parts,
that it is unequal atul unjust. Proofs
will be abundantly furnished, by consid
ering the price or product ivcnessoflands,
irrespective of culture or staples, in dif
ferent parts of the State, and the wide
difference in the rales at which they are
now assessed. Equality of public bur
thens, or at best its approximation, is an
essential part of justice, and should be
constantly in view in perft&hng the
task of revising the tax .vs so as to
make them simple and uniform.
The plan proposed to the last Gene
ral Assembly appeared to be worthy of
trial and without peril to the public in
terest. It was intended to be the first
series of measures that were to lead
finally and safely to the adoption of the
ad valorem plan of taxation. Hence, a
leading interest—the freehold—w;
lected as exhibiting the most perph
details and grossest inequalities it
ation. The immediate adoption of the j year just ended,is £33,000. They ha
plan of raising revenue by the valuation j been received at this Department, and
of property liable to be taxed, is objec-j are cancelled. The coupons for the
tionable for the want of statistical in for* ' March and September dividends of in-
mation, and excludes the presumption Iterest have not been received, although
even probability that a rate could be j the necessary funds have been long
demption,payable in five
at the discretion of the Executive, and
hearing an interest of seven per cent,
per annum. It may be proper to limit
the maximum amount to be paid so as
not to exceed ninety per cent of the nom
inal value of the bonds—being that which
was originally advanced on them, and
about five per cent, more than was paid
by the present holders. This arrange
ment of course can only be effected by
the consent of those now holding this
class of bonds which it is supposed can
he obtained. •
So long as there is a single debt due
by the State, 1 earnestly recommend
that every unappropriated balance in
the Treasury that may hereafter exist,
be constituted as a sinking fund appli
cable to the redemption of the public
debt, and that the Governor be author
ized to use it either in the payment of
liabilities that may be due, or the pur
chase of such as may be in market;
with the restriction that their nominal
value should not be exceeded.
Shortly after entering upon the duties
may be added that of $24,557, being the ( the q
!-! estimated jimounl that will be requir
ed to meet the undrawn balances of; that
the specific appropriations. The sura ap
propriated balance in the Treasury,
may be estimated to exceed $20,009.
The report ofthe Treasury also shows
that the specific funds, placed, in some
respects uniter Executive control, have
not been exhausted in any instance.—
The contingent funds of the last two
years were bur.liened with ill ? payment
of $6,000 on account of a subscription
authorized to be m ade for Cobb’s Attaly-
eslimating the value of the pound ster- J °f the Executive office, l was requi
ling, which was at four dollars and eigh- to continue operations on the Western
ty cents—and the reported balance of
the last semi-annual account rendered
by Reid,Irving & Co., on the 29th March
of the present year.
Within the last four years the aggre
gate payments made in extinguishment of
the public debt, or more particularly the
debt of Reid, Irving & Co., long since
due, amount to $301,591. Since your
last assemblage, the sura of S201,591
have been paid. The amount of sterl-
bonds redeemed during the fiscal
GIBBS & McCORD,
WAREHOUSE AND COMMISSION MERCHANTS
I HaVIxg obtained that central location
I on Jackson street, (occupied the past
(season by Messrs. Heard & Davison)
convenient to the hotels and all branches of trade
and shipping interests generally, they again offer
their services to their tnend* and the public as
WanksaM and cmshImIm Slerchantt,
to RECEIVE, SELL, STORE, or SHIP COT
TON, FLOUR, CORN, BACON and other l»RO-
H; SELLor PURCHASE GOODS toorder;
ttVE and FORWARD MERCHANDISE,
“heir personal and undivided attention will at
■ be given to any business entrusted to their
. Charges will be Moderate, orders strictly
and every exertion made to give satisfaction
1 o customers. They return their sincere thanks for
' tba fatronage extended to (hem the past season.
- Ip* Liberal advances will be made on produce i
•tore, when required. THOS. F. GIBBS,
Augusta, Aug 12 GEORGE McCORD.
notice] ~
Thx subscriber still continues to keep
• !HfiBopen his HOUSE in Jefferson, Jackson,
•■■^•county, G«u* for the accommodation of
Travellers.
Man and horse, per day, 81 50
«» M all night, 1 00
April SO, 1846. tf J. B. NABERS.
fixed on by which the exact or even prox-
mate amount of revenue would be rais-
:d. On the one band, a deficiency
would jeopardize public credit, and on
the other, an excess might awaken pop
ular feeling, always and properly active
against unnecessary burthens. Accor
dingly, I respectfully renew substantial
ly the recommendation referred to, and
dulge the hope that it may be adopt-
1. It is not expected or designed to in
crease the public burthens, but to equal
ize and simplify our system of taxation.
I therefore suggest, that the entire land
ed estate and the improvements thereon,
shall be taxed at a certain rale on its
valuation, to to be returned on the oath
of the freeholders, with specifications of
quantity, situation in respect to counties,
and quality ; the latter to be divided in
to and designated as swamp, oak and
hickory, and pine. It is believed that
a tax of one-tenth of one per cent., or
ten cents on every hundred dollars of
the value of the real estate and its im
provements,with the other sources of in
come, would raise a revenue equal to
the wants of the Government. This es
timate is based on the supposed value
of the freehold and its improvements,
estimated to amount in the aggregate to
sixty millions of dollars. Tnis opinion
will be advanced as to probable certain
ty of result, by discriminating between
the real estate of cities, towns and villa
ges, and that ofthe country. If discrim
ination be carried even to the extent of
since forwarded to London for their pay
ment. The account of Messrs. Reid
Irving & Co., already mentioned states
the receipt of the interest that was d
in March last.
When it was ascertained that the sur
plus means of the Treasury would au
thorize an additional payment to the
amount of $20,000 anti upwards as a
further reduction ofthe debt due to Reid,
Irving & Co., the necessary enquiry
was made for the purchase of exchange
on London. About the same time the
unwelcome intelligence of their failure
reached this country, which arrested
the contemplated payment, in conse
quence of not knowing to whom it was
to bo made. This misfortune to these
gentlemen, the patient and indulgent
creditors of the State, cannot be other
wise than a source of deep regret, which
will be increased by knowing that our
indebtedness has produced or even has
tened this catastrophe in their pecunia
ry affairs.
The probable dissolution of this fi
will conclude the .agency that was
tablished by contract, specific
E. R. Hodgson & Brothers,
CARRIAGE & HARNESS MAKERS,
ATHENS, GA.
BCG to inform thcii
iends and tbe publn
* general!r.tUatthey havi
—on band several vehi
cles, and are constantly manufacturing, COACHES,
CHARIOTEES, BUGGIES. ROCKAWAYS, BA
ROUCHES and STAGE COACHES, or any other
description of carnage desired.
Repairing of all kinda done as expeditiously aspossi
Several good second band articles for sale cheap. | stringent enactments
Athens Feb. 11.
S OMETHINcf extra, just receivH and for sale
Ire March 25 T. BISHOP.
and Atlantic Railroad. The means plac
ed at my disposal were an unexpended
balance of $270,000,in six per cent bonds
of the Slate, which at the time were at
a discount of twenty five per cent., but
gradually rose in two years within six
to eight percentof par. The principal lim
itation placed upon its expenditure was
that it should be economically applied
to the uses of the Railway of the State.
It was manifest that either in the sale
of the bonds, or making contracts for
work to be performed on the road, an
abatement equal to the amount of the
discount on the nominal value of the
bonds must have been conceded on the j
part of the Stale. The plan of hypoth
ecating the bonds for advances made on
them, and thmaking the contracts paya
ble in specie or itsequivalent appeared the
most feasible and advantageous to the
public interest. The result of this nego-!
ciation was reported to the last Legisla-
with pecific details as to the
amounts,and to whom pledged,as well as
the amounts advanced. So far lhe antici •
pated effect has been realized, both in
respe.ct to the cheapness of the contract s
in behalf of the road, and a gradual ad
vancement in the value of the bonds. A
large amount of them is still encumber
ed by the terms of the original hypothe
cation. In some instances banking ’in
stitutions which had made, advances,
and held bonds exceeding the amount of
The securities of a late defaulting
Treasurer of the State have been twice
sued, but in neither case has any por
tion of the amount reported as abstract
ed from the Treasury, been recovered.
Whilst his defalcation is certain to some
amount, a recovery has been prevented,
by a want of proof as to jhe time when
it occurred. After suing two ol his bonds
without success, it became manifest
that the same* difficulty would occur in
relation to the others, and hence I deem
ed it proper to desist. The amount thus
abstracted from the Treasury, and
ported to be about $20,000, may be
sidered a total loss to the State. The
sum of $9,000 and upwards was recov-
red by the last suit, being the amount
jstion was reserved foryour deci
le the meantime it was agreed
> steps should be taken to enforce
the payment of their respective claims.
I submit herewith copies of the corres
pondence and contract with Mr. Daniel
McDougald, as well as the correspond
ence of the counsel of Mr. Holford.—
The evidence submitted is voluminous,
and deposited in this Department. It
awaits the call ofthe Legislature.
It is believed that a large quantity of
land in this Slate has never been sur
veyed ; and if surveyed, many lots have
been omitted to be disposed of by lotte-
otherwise. Some attempts have
been made to grant lots of tne latter
class, but on reaching this Department,
the grants have been stopped, on the
alleged and obvious reason that they
had not reverted, and were always the
property of the Slate. I again recom
mend that all the ungranted lands ac
quired since the year 1820, except city
and town commons that have been legal
ly reserved, be sold under the direction
of a Commissioner appointed for that
purpose, who shall give, bond, with am
ple security, for the faithful performance
of his duties, which will be prescribed
by you, and that he be allowed a certain
per rentage on the amount of sales
de by him. The nett proceeds of the
of taxes paid by certain banks, which | sales may advantageously form a part
he had not accounted for, and dii
compose any portion of his reported de
falcation.
A suit has been commenced on the
bond of J. It Anderson, late Cashier of
the Branch of the Darien Bank at Mil
ledgeville, and his securities in the coun
ty of Greene, and a verdict was lately
rendered for S 18,000 and upwards.—
The defendants have entered an appeal.
Also, another suit has been brought and
concluded against the same individual,
.and his securities on their bond in his
behalf, as Bookkeeper of the.Central
Bank. A recovery of about 8i0,000
has been effected.
The two last mentioned sums, or
whatsoever sum may be finally recover
ed by the action pending in Greene
county, will be a part of the resources
of the Darien Bank and distributable
among its creditors. The amount that
may be recovered anti paid will, to that
extent, diminish the liability of the State
as a stockholder. Of this liability l have
spoken bv my message to the last Legis
lature. The opinion then expressed, is
unchanged. It was expected that after
the great delay, there would be impa
tience on the part of the creditors. Rep
resentations have been made by
of them,'
ofthe sinking fund for the redemption
ofthe public debt.
The Supreme Court, whose estab
lishment was so long of questionable
utility, in the opinion of several Legis
latures, has realized to the fullest extent
the expectations of its most steadfast
advocates. Its usefulness has proven
its necessity. It is reforming the irreg
ularities necessarily incident to the old
system of judicature, by impressing the
stamp of uniformity on all of its decis
ions. Throughout our limits the rule is
or can be made the same, whether in re
ference to person or property,^ crime
or contract. Its organization, it js .re
spectfully suggested, is defective in're
spect to the places where its sessions
are now held, and should be altered by
designating five places only which are
ily accessible. The force of this
-„gestion will probably be appreciated,
by considering the great and increasing
labors of the Judges, which they are re
quired to perform with promptitude,
thout superadding the fatige •
nplainingofthe hardships that
suffered, and indulging the
h advances, required that they should .... _ .
be redeemed. Jn one emergency of this j hope of their early alleviation. All such
kind I was enabled to transfer from the documents, and indeed all ol every kind
Bank of Charleston to the batiks in Sa- pertaining to the Darien Bank, have
Vannah the sum of 875,000—the latter | been placed under the care of the Di
having kindly given their aid by making rectors of ihe CcnlralBank, with the di
advances and accepting bonds on the rection that they should eh her be^ re
terms that they were held by the bank) ported t
of Charleston. In other instances Iiislature.
availed myself ofthe funds ofthe Treas- j During Inst year, the
urv which were not immediately want-1 03, was rcceix
ssary details, for the payment ofthe j ed for public use. My purpose was to j itary claims a;
accruing dividends of interest on the j sustain public credit at every hazard, j The objects v
■ await the call of the Leg-
sterling bonds. Additionally, it might
be regarded as an alarming incident, if
the bonds, pledged to them as a securi
ty for tb^ir advances to the State,and ex
ceeding the amount of these advances
about $22,500, should be put afloat on
the market. The established integrity
of the firm, however, is a guaranty
•ainst suchafailhlesstransaction. Their
account of the
st the United States,
diich it was applied
account in this De-
of ardu
ous jour.lies to inconvenient points.
The restrii tto.i on ihejReporter, by for
bidding hitn to practice in the Courts
of the "State, may, in- my opinion, be,
removed, as its justice or necessity is
not perceived. In some cf the Courts
elsewhere, of like powers, this interdict
does not exist. The Reporter has fur
nished the required number of reports,
which await the direction of the Legis
lature. I recommend their, distribution
to the several States, from which this
State has received many similar proofs
of kindness and liberality.
As connected with the judicial term
of SI7,4941 of office, some embarrassment has al-
hundred per cent, beyond the indi
cated rate, it would still be a reduction ^
of the taxes of those residiug or owning! agents, Messrs. Maitland, Phelps &.Co.
freeholds in the former places. To ol the City of New York, strengthen this
guard against evasions and imperfect | opinion in two communications under
returns, suitable penalties should be dates of the 8th September, and the 20th
provided, so as to ensure a full and fair: ultimo, in which they suggest that lunds
experiment of the plan. Indeed, more may be placed in New York, and paid
recommended,
! as in my opinion being absolutely neces-
CABINET-MAKING. | sary to give effect to the provisions of
iHEsoliscriber respectfully informs the citizens i tax laws, to the end that they may
jabinet shop in the building below Mitchell’s
tel, and that he has employed Mr. Jacob Antrey and
’Ilisba Holland to take charge of the business. He
s prepared to do all kinds of work in the above line
The period is auspicious forlhe begin-
SI ning oObe proposed system of taxation,
* ‘ that promises, in the end, equality among
all interests. The excess of revenue of
the present over the last year, amounts
to the sum of $ 12,000. The surplus in
the Treasury after defraying all charges
against it will exceed S 20,000. The
balance of the debt of Messrs. Reid, Ir
ving & Co., is reduced to an amount
he solicits a share of public patronage. Ma
hogany furniture cleansed and repaired, at the
shortest notice. D. M. CLOWER.
Athens, March 25,1847. tf
Harboring and Hair-Drcsdog.
HANSEL DILLARD,
~D ESPECTFULLY informs the citizens of Ath-
ra ens ud tho th»t b. will, .1 wfcic h this SUrplili, added to $50,000
1 be p aidb y tho - tori r 8 f'
Athens, Nov. 12,1846. and payable out of the income ol the
delivery of the bonds.
The plan suggested would be a great
convenience to the State by changing
the place of payment, and for which ad
equate concessions should be made by
allowing a liberal rale of exchange and
interest for the customary period for
the transmission of funds to London. I
therefore recommend an alteration ofthe
sixth section of the Act of 1843 on this
subject, which provides for annual pay
ments on this debt by the unappropriat
ed balances in the Treasury; and in
case of a deficiency, then by loan, so as
to discharge the specific instalments.*—
The change proposed contemplates that
this debt should be immediately paid : —
permit these public securitie
be exposed to a compulsory sale. The
amount thus drawn from the Treasury.
red, in part a transaction of my itn- . _
mediate predecessor with the Georgia that were made irom the T
Railroad and Banking Company, in | during the last year,for the transportation
which $26,000, bearing an interest of 8 subsistence and clothing, ot the regi-
per cent., were involved. 1 ment required for the Mexican war,
The bonds so redeemed were placed | gave no hope that a correspondence
the Treasury or under its control,! would hasten the payment ol these
ith the direction that they should be {claims. Whilst urging the re-payment
sold for their par value. They have! of the advances then recently made, I
since been sold in this place and Augus- took occasion to call the alien!
stated
partmet, with the State, with the prop
er vouchers. The delay which attend- j
ed the re-payment of certain
of the
Secretary at War to what he aptly Calls
in one of his letters ths “old claims’
ofthe Slate. Indeed* the apprehension
was felt that the now might fail into
the same difficulty of the old claims.
It is proper that I should add,that the
payment above mentioned
ideuce, and i
. .ady arisen, and may hereafter arise-
In my opinion the Constitution fixes the
term of office according to the calender
and not political or fiscal year. The
date when the officer is qualified is the
beginning of his official terra ; but be
fore its expiration a successor is fre
quently appointed. In such case the
Governor cun issue a commission only
after the one, immediately preceding,
has expired.
In paying the salaries of the Judes of
the Supreme Court, during the last fisr
cal year, it was discovered that thsfrr
Commissions issued on the 24th Decetnr-
her, 1345, about fifty days after llte be
ginning of the fiscal year; and the-act:
(^appropriation declared their sakriesto.
he the same as in the present year.:—
The Constitution also declares- tlrattheic
salaries shall be adequate to-their ser
vices, established by law. In -this cotir*
fiict 1 deemed it proper to* issue war
rants on the Treasury Beckoning only ,
d the Treasury has been fully re
imbursed. The amount disposed of at
par exceeded that which was advanced
from the Treasury: the remainder be
ing less than $23,000, was sold at a dis
count varying from one to two percent.
This loss of course fell on the RailRoad,
was easily borne by the accumulating j without additional , - -- ---- - °
interest on theijonds, and is cmnpara-i supposed that a more liberal spirit of) from the time when they were qualified^
lively small to that which would have; justice and equity than heretofore, Was j and curmnisswned. anti .not from Iho.
resulted from a forced sale. Another 1 brought to the examination of these ; commencement of the bscal year of 18*5*.
advantage has been derived from this! claims. The difficulties attending the,r II mill.*, there be error, you w.lldoubfe,,
o P erotion, which is the extrication of liquidation, and adverted to in my mes- less avail yourselves ofthe earliest, pfij,
bonds of large amount, exceeding the I sage to the last Legislature, ^vill con-
advances made on them when hypothe-; stantly arise. So long as the Depart-
cated. These have been applied to a! ment at Washington adheres to the rig-
debt of long standing to the Georgia Rail-1 id rules that have been adopted, these
road and Banking Company. claims may be considered as postponed
The means used to sustain these se-l in their payment ** _
Additional legisla-
casion to correct it. I, however,
not omiit lo remark, that according, to,,
the Constitution, iheir commissiqpsypjfil, j
not cease until the two, four,,p.nd siX jl
years, mentioned thentin,
‘ly expired ; and though per^rpiog i
ms debt should be immeuiaiety paid irre- :r he means used to sustain these se- in meir pnviuem I •
:pcctiveofthe appropriations to be made curities and avert from the Railroad of lion ip relation to them, by Congress, ties e| ofuer c