Newspaper Page Text
, still they will be entitled to] a company of mounted men. As in the
nd receive the prescribed salaries. In- ease of tlw Regiment of infantry, great
eed, it is only a question as to time, i competition existed. The selection was
rhen the fraction of a quarter’s salary > made by accepting the services of Capt.
to be paid—either before or after the j Loynll, of Newton county, and bis coin-
fquired judicial services have been ren- j maud, who first tendered their services,
erect. I They arc now in the country of the en-
Tbe. Honorable Judge of the Ocmul- j cmy. Shortly afterwards a battalion ot
ee Circuit has, in compliance with the} mounted men was required. It was
uty required of him, suggested a mod-] promptly filled, and is now marching
ication of tbe penal code. The ,lan-! under the command of Lieutenant Col-
tbat the Post Master General has re- The objection that tbe population of
cently proposed an alteration in tbe | manufacturing districts in other coun-
inail-scliedule on the Stale road, which | tries is usually dwarfish and dependant,
contemplates the departure of the cars * cannot be supposed to exist with us, un-
from Atlanta at half-past twelve o’clock \ less weoverlook the proofs of experience
i the day. Its_effect will be to cause ] in other States. The people ofthe Eas-
their arrival at Dalton at eight o’clock! leru States in which th‘e mechanical arts
in tbe night. Mail service in the night: mostly flourish, are carrying their pur-
is usually entitled to a higher compen- ‘ suits into, and impressing in some de-
sation than that performed in the day. gree their opinions on every part of the
— ^ , . .... , The marketable productions of that 1 Union. So far then from creating a
uage of the penal code descriptive ofjoticl Calhoun, by Executive appoint- | section of tbe State, which the railroad j class of dependants, the reverse may he ‘ tention.
le punishment of a certain offence is in- ! ment. It is proper that l should add, j penetrates, and those that are conligu- affirmed to be true. What condition of j The bill conteinplatin;
ployment of master workmen,at higher ses of Bank. The opinion is repeated*,,
salaries, in the various trades and over- that the estimated deficiency, after e *"
seers. haustingthe available assetsofthe Bank,
I transmit herewith a list of Executive will he more than $200,000.
warrants drawn on the Treasury for the j The Director ofthe Bank has lately
last two years; also copies ofExecutive made a report to this Department, that
orders relating to various subjects. The contains detailed infoimation relating to
motives of their • passage arc expressed ! the unavailable assets of the Institution,
in each. Some relate to the appoint-! and other information uselul to the Le-
ment of officers to fill vacancies, and gislature. In respect to the worhless
will therefore claim uecessarilv your at- assets, in notes and hills, he estimates
j their aggregate amount at $367,278 89;
f __ _ b w _ w the alteration of to which maybe added the amount of
efinite, and the various constructions; that this last battalion has a supernu- : ous, are mostly bread-stuffs in some life, however humble, has not furnished | the Constitution, in respeett to the time I $51,460 10, previously carried to profit
different judicial districts suggests j inerary company, owing to some irreg- j form, of large bulk, anil incapable of , its quota of men, who have illustrated ; of holding certain elections, was so er- jatid loss.
ie propriety of amending this defect.— clarity in the mastering officer, but ( bearing the expense of a long iranspor- j that neither ignorance nor poverty can i roneous in its reference to the article I It is thought that the time has arrived
opies of bis letter are laid before you. 1 which at my request was retained in 1 tation, unless the foreign demand usual- j repress the successful aspirations for j and section intended to be changed, that! when its assets may be turned over to
The general disuse into which the mi-i service by the Secretary of War. ly tbe effect of scarcity should enhance wealth or honor? The genius of our it was not deemed proper to publish it. i the Treasury, and their administration
tia laws of the State have fallen, and. The Executive appointment of Lieut.: prices. To any great extent, therefore, institutions forbids that inau should be I return herewith to the respective I directed by the officer presiding over
* many ineffectual efforts made to rc- Col. Calhoun, is a departure from the 1 the foreign markets cannot be relied on, a dependant, when tempted or trained branches of the General Assembly in that Department. It*is recommended
ive and enforce them, may. properly I precedent heretofore established, but ■ unless in the supposed case of deficicn- J to exercise his body and mind. A wise j which they originated,several bills which | that he should be allowed an Assistant
resent the question whether tliey should made under the necessity of the case, cy of food. The most uniform custom-j forecast, partaking of the general free- ; were presented for my
ot be suspended; and that inducemqpts I was notified by the mustering officer ; ers will he found, among those who
offered for the formation of volunteer! ofthe United Stairs, that a part of the diversifying the industry of the State,!
orps. A reluctant and compulsory ; battalion, before it was fully organized, 1 by the establishment of manufactories, j
ervice contrast* feebly with that which ; had left tbe State. I bad no authority By increasing the number of these, the
i voluntary and energetic. The neces- j to recall them for the purpose of elect- ngricultdrift productions of the State
ty of a military police in certain local- ‘ ing a commanding officer. Nor was it will he also increased, and in a great
ies has been so apparent, as to lead to | deemed proper that a part should elect 1 measure, consumed at home. It is then
#c organization of volunteer companies, ] for the whole. The only obstacle en- respectfully, submitted, whether the fos-
respective of the militia. The adopted : countered was the precedent that had tering cave and liberality that have been
lan of prosecuting the existing war with ! been established and uniformly ac- exhibited by ibe Stale on her works of
fexico, is independent of the militia as ! quiesced in. Without this precedent, internal' transportation may not he ex-
—.—j e i i | s i, ou |d have regarded the legal com- tended idjbe encouragement and growth
potency of .the Executive, under all cir- : of the mechanic arts ? If not insepara-
curnstances, to make the appointment bly, they .-surely are intimately connect-
under consideration, as explicit and uu- ed. An increased amount of freight
questionable. In view, therefore, of re- j will enhance the value of the State
conciliug, in my opinion, this conflict be- • railway, but without a market neither
usage and law, I recommend! railway nor agricultural industry can
o.ntradistinguished from volunteers,and
is presumed that this plan will he con-
nued. Indeed, it may he affirmed as
ue, that the practical operation of our
jilitary system, especially of that por-
ion which requires a compulsory scr-
ice, has furnished hut meagre proof of
ilom with which we are surrounded,
should apply the incentive to both.
A resolution of the last General As
sembly required the Executive to ap
point two commissioners on the part of
Georgia to meet such as might be ap
pointed by Florida, for the purpose of
definitely settling the boundary between
i, and did | Clerk, who, before entering on the du-
not receive my approval. Notes areap-i ties of his office, should be required to
pended to each, in which are briefly de- ! give bond and security for the faithful
dared the reasons for withnolding my I performance of the trusts reposed in him.
assent to them. } If on this occasion, and another sitn-
Resolutions from several States, and j ilar as to time and circumstance, I have
relating to different subjects, are trans- abstained from the discussion of federal
mitted herewith. j measures of present and existing con-
Within the last year the city of Co- ... . 11
ts fitness to impart the customary qual- j when the militia or volunteers are called j flourish,
ficalion of a soldier, or even to ascer- j into service by the tequisuion of the Other considerations of equally grave
oin the effective military strength of ihc ! Federal Government or otherwise, that I import, cannot fail to attract \’our at-
3t«Ue. j the Governor he vested with the author- tention in connection with the industrial
Ills therefore respectfully proposed ity of appointing the field and general ! pursuits ofthe State, and the policy if
ihat the militia he disbanded by a sus- i officers, according to the force that may ; not the necessity of effecting some mod-
lension ofthe military laws as to them I he assembled. i ifications in them. The great defect is
^-tbal this suspension shall continue un-1 Following not less inclination than the want of diversity in our labor. It
il a necessity for their revival shall ex- i the example of other Stales, it is deem- has been concentrated on the rearing of
ist, which shall be judged of hv the Com- j ed proper and just that fit testimonials ; one great staple, which with the contri-
nundcr-iri-chief, ami that he he author- I should he awarded to the sons of Geor- 1 bulioii of other States of a like produc-
zed to order their reorganization, and in j gia who have distinguished themselves ' tion, has, through a series of years, so
case ol default, appoint anil commission | by their skill and hearing on the son- ’ accumulated in the markets ofthe world,
the proper officers for this purpose. tguinary battle-fields in Me^jco. The as scarcely to leave to the planter re-
4* uhslitute/it is recommended that | performance of duly, and its apprnpri- munerating profits. In the meantime
Volunteer companies he encouraged, by j ate reward, should be inseperahle.— : an exhausting system of tillage has ren-
sxempling their members from the per- Hence I commend these brave men to 1 dered the soil less productive. Firmly
formance of other public duties, and the ' your care and justice. i convinced that the amount of labor, as
distribution of arms from the public arse- j The extension and early completion ! now and heretofore directed in the Slate,
nels. The counties in which no volun- of the Western and Atlantic Railroad t is greatly disproportionate to the other
tecr.companies exist .should be prefer- 1 may now he commended with great con- J industrial processes of life, and its ten-
red in the allotment of arms, to the end | fidence to your consideration. The dcncy is to decline and ultimate decay,
that the plan as proposed may be uni- doubts heretofore embarrassing this ' I would suggest as a remedy, the incor-
versally adopted. By it a military ; work of Slate enterprize are merged in- poration of manufacturing companies,
Ibrce will probably he organized for im- j to its great usefulriesss anil national im- ! with the most liberal charters. The
mediate action, and amount to at least! portance. The productions of the coun- grant of these cannot injuriously affect
seven thousand effective men. Addi- i try through which it runs have increas- other interests, hut on the contrary pro-
tional encouragement would he given J ed in quantity and value. As a neces- ' mote them. The charters will be in-
as well as broader military education 1 sary consequence the tree-hold interest! ducements to new investments, and as
acquired, by providing that when a num-1 has fell its quickening influences. Even they may divert capital and labor from
ber of volunteer companies may form! the Treasury has indirectly received
themselves into hatiulious, regiments, I subsidies from it, by reason of the con-
brigades or divisions, they may he an- j slant and earnest enquiry after tbe re-
thorized to appoint the appropriate offi- verted lands of the Slule in its vicinity,
cers in conformity to the existing laws , Virginia, Tennessee and Alabama, in
of the State. This would lead to en-[farl have adopted it as the most conve-
caropments, in which it is thought the , nient mode of reaching a Southern At-
education of the soldier is much ail vane- • lantic port with their productions. By
ed. new commercial relations have been
The enumeration of the. militia of this i established, and social intercouse hap- , _
State is palpobU defective. Without pily promoted. The navigation of some 1 pose no restraint that will retard its
interfering with the plan which has been ' ofthe Western rivers heretofore deem- ! progress or mar its success. An ex-
proposed, it may he made more nccu- j ed difficult and almost impractible has eruption from taxation, or the imposition
rate through the agency of the Justices j been proven by the energy and enter- of a small tax for a specified number of
of the Peace, who, in addition to the du-! prize which have been awakened by'years, and also an exemption ofthe
ty now required of them, to deliver to j your great work of internal taansporta- J private property of tbe stockholder from
the Receivers of tax returns, lists of per- j tion. Similar works communicating or j liability for the debts of the company of
sons subject to he taxed in their dis- (intended to communicate with it have which he is a member, would in mv
tricts respectively, should also he re-1 been revived, or started into existence. ■ opinion conduce to the establishment of
qtftred to render other lists of persons j Nor should it be overlooked that it is an ■ extensive manufactories, and as a con-
ltahle to perforin military duty. These I important and necessary link in the j sequence give an impulse to all the use-
lists, after bcingdnly certified, should be j chain of internal improvement that is to, ful mechanical arts and their train of at-
transmiltcd toiTie Executive Department I connect the Southern Atlantic ports with i tendant blessings. Of these, in a paper
aiid under the supervision ofthe Govern- ■ the middle valley of the Mississippi ri- like this, it can scarcely be expected
or consolidated, as to the counties, bri ! ver. that I should address you at large, ex-
gaefes or divisions, and forwarded to the | These illustrations and inducements ■ cept by suggesting for your considera-
Ad|t. General of the army of the U. States.: urge Georgia forward to the perform- lion, a comparison between those com-
For this service, suitable compensa- i mice of her duly and advancement of! munities, however extended into Stales,
tion should he given to the Justices not j her interests. A space of less than for- j Empires or Kingdoms, in which the
exceeding the rates allowed to those en- ty miles is her allotted part of this great J pursuits of labor arc so diversified as to
ed in taking the last census, for ev- j work. An outlay of $373,000 will i supply general wants, and those which
soldier enrolled. It is further sug-j complete her task, and improve a pre- j arc confined to the production of a few
isted that the enumeration according! vious expenditure of more than $300,000 ; rich staples to the neglect of the com-
tbe proposed mode may be required J that are now lying idle anil unprofita- : mon necessaries of life—the general ef-
be made only at the end of every i hie. The road for a hundred miles has j feet of that trade, in which the raw pia-
tklh successiveye(tr. jbeen finished and put into successful I terials are returned in manufactured
T the month of May of the last year, • operation, when your fit.auces were dis-! fabrics at increased prices, varying from
the President of the United States made S ordered and public credit depressed.— j two to five hundred percent; and an
a requisition on Georgia, for a regiment j These embarrassments are now only j impartial examination of the natural ad-
of infantr}’ of volunteers, to aid in the j partially felt. Moreover, Tennessee, at j vantages in motive power, climate, and
prosecution of the war with Mexico, i my request, has promptly and liberally • a home market.
und to serve for twelve months, unless ! extended your charteiMbr the complc- j Nor will this subject in relation to the
Stales, with such restriction as 1 luuibus has been visited by several de-
thc Governor might deeur* necessary to | structive fires. The injury to, and de-
impose. The power granted to this De- j struction of property were so extensive
part ment was extraordinary, and may J as to induce the Department to issue an
he regarded as a strong proof of the ! order to suspend the collection^>f the
solicitude ofthe State, to bring this pro-j debt due to the State by that city, for
traded contrcrvers}' to an early and am- • the purpose of rebuilding a bridge that
icable adjustment. In the execution of j connected its trade and intercourse with
this authority it at once appeared that I j Alabama. The order was passed at the
could not overlook the Constitution of request of the municipal authorities of
other employments, especially from a u
riculture, to that extent the planter will
be removed from a competition that has
been dragging down the price of his
staples.
Like all the great works of internal
improvement, the plan in view contem
plates that there should he joint effort
and co-operation. A wise policy will
awaken the incentive to action, and im-
exemption of the private property of
the corporator be dismissed without ad
verting to the probable effect of such
policy. It will be an invitation to for
eign and domestic capitalists to invest
’in manufacturing companies, and
from inducing an abuse of it, will oper
ate as a restraint on credit. Unlike the
sooner discharged, by the authorities at j tion of ^our road within tbe next twen-
Washington. The appeal then made j ly-six months.
was promptly responded to. A force ex- In addition to these suggestions, lam
cccdingtlmt which was required was‘gratified in laying before you the oper-
voluntarily tendered. In less than j aiions of the road for the last year end-
a month after the call was made, the ing in September last. The total re-
regiment was organized und immediate-: ceipts, as reported by the Chief Engi-
ly marched to Mexico. After fulfilling neer, a mourned to $89,483 72; and nett,
the terms of their enrolment, anil per- profits $37,800 93. The expenses of, hills of a hank, which pass by delivery,
forming all that may become soldiers, the last fiscal year, paid within this, and for the time being constitute the
they were honorably discharged.. {amount to $6,500, and those of the pres-! holders thereof the creditors of the The di
During the past Spring {mother re- 1 ent j-ear to $43,433 07. The appropri-- bank, tbe contracts of manufacturing tioned
quisiUon came from the same source for ation made by the .last Legislature of ** * * *
» battalion of infantry of volunteers, $130,000 has "been expended with the*
which l regret to say, has not been so exception of $23,500. The sura of
promptly raised. This delay, may in J $4,500, has been applied tntheredemp-
pnrt be attributed to the recruiting es- linn of scrip, in compliance with a re-
tablishments in many sections of the j markable provision of the act of appro-
Siate, where an unequal competition : priation of the last General Assembly,
existed, in consequence of the Imunties' The unexpended balance, just men-
paid to recruits by officers of the army ' tioned, is liable to he reduced by debts
of tbe United States. This State hnv- against the road ; though it is reported
Ing appropriated no funds for this pur- that after paying all outstanding liabili-
pose, could not reasonably be supposed lies, still a balance will remain. The
to be as proormt in action, as those rep- indebtedness has arisen from the diffi-
resentiug the Federal Government and culty in the sale of bonds of that class
provided with greater facilities. More- which were ordered by the last Legis-
ovej the service ofthe volunteer and re- lature.
emit will probably be the same and con- The report of the Chief Engineer has
timie as long as toe war. - _ • been ordered to be printed and laid be-
the State, by which our territorial lim
its had been declared. Apart from this
controlling consideration,! was desirous
of examining the question of right, sep
arated from this restriction, to the end
that if the Constitution asserted a claim
to territory inconsistent with the one
that was paramount on the part of Flor
ida, I might then recommend for your
consideration a removal ol the obstacle.
In respect to the merits of this ques
tion as they have presented themselves,
after searching with some care for in
formation which might lead to a correct
conclusion, and thereby reconcile con
flicting claims, and avert the exaspera
tion and strife consequent on a divided
jurisdiction between sovereign authori
ties, I regret that lam not prepared to
make such a recommendation. The
claim of Georgia rests firmly, I believe,
on the treaty made between the United
States and Spain in 1795, which, it
should be remarked, is concurrent in
this respect with the Constitution of this
State.
Without re-stating the reasons of this
opinion, I beg leave respectfully to re
fer you to the instructions which were
given to Messrs. J. H. Couper and J.
Crawford, Commissioners on the part of
Georgia, and their reportto this Depart
ment, and their correspondence with the
commissioners of Florida. Copies of
these are herewith submitted. 1 should
not omit to observe that the last propo
sition made by the commissioners of
Georgia to those of Florida—that is, to
run the line eastward to the highest point
on the principal branch of the St Mary’s
river, at which its tributaries accumu
late sufficient water to cause a perma
nent flow in a well defined channel—
and, if accepted—would have met my
pproval, and the necessary steps ta
ken to establish the boundary accord-
giy*
In every aspect of this as yet amicable
controversy, prudence and friendly
ighborhood demand its early' settle
ment. A conflict of authority between
the contesting States may be sooner or
later expected. It will probably arise
from the decision of a judicial question.
Resistence to its execution may follow.
Force against force may be employed,
and thus the two States may be embroil
ed in angry strife.
The affairs of the Penitentiary for the
two last years have been as successful
ly managed by its present efficient Prin
cipal Keeper as they were during the
years immediately preceding. Under
his benign yet firm administration, it is
believed that the general go^l conduct
of the convicts may challenge a compar
ison with those that have preceded it.
In the direction of. their labor he has
been eminently successful. Nothing
has been drawu from the Treasury for its
support within two years, but on the con
trary, its nett profits have amounted to
$10,573 86.
Recurring to the period when he came
into office, nearly four years ago, he
found the workshops and tools had been
lately destroyed by fire. Theirestimated
value by his predecessor was placed at
S30,000. They have been replaced,and
their appraised value fixed at $25,964
Columbus. It operated only as a suspen
sion of the payment of the debt,according
to the arrangement made by my immedi
ate predecessor, and confirmed by the
Legislature of1843. The period for the
resumption of payments is a subject for
your consideration.
This debt once constituted a part of
the capital ofthe Central Bank. It
faith.
For these objects only $10,322 67,1
withdrawn and directed by the Le
gislature to be paid by instalments into
the Treasury. It is therefore proper in
the settlement of the accounts of the
Cashier of the Central Bank, that he
j should be credited with an amount equal
to it.
A map ol the State of large size, has
lately been made by Mr. William G.
Bonner. It comprises more topographi
cal accuracy than those that have pro
ceeded it, and was intended to be a cor
rect delineation of the surface of the State.
To this end all attainable information
collected and placed at the dispo
sal of the artist. His success has been
generally admitted.
One hundred and thirty copies ofthe cause ft
map were subscribed and paid for. To
each ofthe States of the Union a copy
has been sent—being in some measure
requital of similar favors received of
them. To each of the counties a copy
has been or will be forwarded and de
livered to the Inferior Courts respective
ly. The labors of Mr. Bonner were ar
duous and prolonged for the space of
eighteen months. Whether in respect
to his toil or the value of his work in a
public view, I am of opinion that the
subscription already mentioned is not an
dequate recompense to him, and cheer
fully recommend additional compensa
tion to such amount as may comport
with the justice and liberality of the Le
gislature.
The additionalbuilding near this place
lor the reception of idiots and lunatics,
has been completed. A more thorough
classification can now be made of the in
mates of the asylum. The appropria
tions for their comfort and support du
ring the two last years have been found
insufficient, by reason of the increase of
the pauper patients. In this emergency,
after exhausting the special appropria
tions for these objects, recourse was had
to the contingent appropriation made in
the year 1843. To obviate future diffi
culties in this regard, I again recom
mend that the counties which may send
pauper patients to tbe asylum should be
required to defray a moiety of the ex
pense necessary for their maintenance.
Thirty dollars annually for each would
probably be regarded as the proper sure
to be paid. This would be an abate
ment of at least one half of the amount
necessary for the maintenance and care
of each pauper lunatic or idiot if the asy
lum were not established. If the Treas
ury be not to some extent relieved of
this burthen, which is constantly in
creasing, it maybe reasonably expected
that this public charity will soon be
come oppressive. Indeed, since the es
tablishment of the asylum, it is appre
hended that in some counties the benefi
cent laws in behalf of the poor have been
suspended or relaxed.
The report of the Trustees of this
have been drawn from the Treasury.—
The difference between these last mcn-
amounts should properly consti-
companies are usually special and re- i lute a credit to tbe institution, else the
stricted to the original parties. The law is without meaning or effect, which
prudence of the creditor in such instan- declares that when work is done for the
ces, generally guards him against inju-1 State by the convicts,it shall be so ebarg-
ry or loss. As an equivalent for this! ed ; or that which is equally conlradic-
privilege, I recommend that each incor-1 tory, when work is performed*by the
porated company be required under a i couvicts for the State, and by the direc-
specific penalty to givetoeach indented tion of the Legislature, it is ot no value,
apprentice the opportunity of acquiring, In adverting to this inequitable mode of
free of expense to the apprentice, the i stating the accounts of this institution,
rudiments of an English education. In j it is not for the purpose of re-opening a
this aspect the plan is fraught with phi-' discussion on transactions of years pass-
lanthropy. Our educational system is | ed, by, but ol shewing the amount that
in some respects deficient, fiy reason of| has been drawn from the Treasury, and
the sparseness of population, and the j its more than full and fair equivalent as
distance of the pupils from places of in- j received by the State,
struction. By the proposed scheme, The items composing the account of
*” * ‘this officer for the last two years, are
stitution has been made to this depart-
. v. ■ r classes will be assembled, and the fa , — —
Notwithslandmglho existenccof these fore you. In parting with the Chief j cilities of mental improvement be afford- j happily free from previous difficulties,
embarrassments, l am gratified in stat- Engineer and the agents employed on ed, without public aid. At the same The cash on hand, and the notes and
log that the battalion has lately been the road, I willingly give my evidence ' ’ * ..... ' J -, ‘ l
completed, alter four companies com- to the fidelity aud promptitude with
posing it had marched onder the Feder-; which tliey have performed their duties.
ol Government to Mexico.' Isaac G. | A contract at the present time exists
Seymour, Esq., on the SOiboflast month/ with the General Post Office Depart-
was appointed its commander, with the ; ment for the transportation of the mail
rank and title of Lieutenant Colonel.— at one hundred dollars per mile peran-
The reasons operating on the Executive - num. contract will end on tbe
I ore set forth in the order for hisappdini-j first of December next. I was nnwil-
ment,and more fully adverted to in the! ling to conclude an agreement that
instance of Lieutenant Colonel Culhoun, j would run through a period of four
y^rcaftcr mentioned. _ j years without the authority of the Leg-
Duringthe past summer the Presi-! islatore. In submitting this subject to
dent made an additional requisition for j your consideration, I should remark
irae, the apprentices will be nccus- j accounts can he estimated with reason-
torned to the habits of industry, so that able accuracy. So also may the manu-
on reaching the end of their apprentice-1 factured articles fortunately few, and
ment, and is subject to the order of the
General Assembly.
According to the report of the com
missioner for the indigent Deaf, Dumb
and Blind, the education of this unfortu-
I nate class of our race at the Hearn Man
ual Labor School in this State has been
successful. The beneficiaries who were
at Hartford in the State of Connecticut,
were removed to the School in Floyd
county early in the last year They
have increased to the number of four
teen. In any respect, it is thought, that
nothing has been lost by their removal,
ft is certainly true that this charity of
the State has been more extended and
economically administered.
I beg leave to present in a tabular
form, the condition of the Central Bank,
as compared with its condition about
four years ago:
Liabilities on 6th November, 1843.
Circulation,
State 8 per cent. Bonds, 520,144 CO
ship, they may go forth furnished with
the means of success in life. It is this
combination ot mental culture and hab
its of bodily labor, which baa produced
the most energetic and successful men
of the modem age. Socially, it is wor
thy of trial, if experience may be pre
sumed to teach the same lessons every
where—individually it teems with prom
ised blessings, as it disarms poverty of
want, and rescues ignorance from folly.
of comparatively small value. These
will be shortly reported on by a com
mittee appointed in accordant with a
law of the last Legislature, as well as
the unmanufactured materials on hand.
This report, when received, will be sub
ject to your order. I bog leave to re
peat my recommendation to the last Leg-
islatere,, that the salaries of the Princi
pal and Assistant Keepers be increased,
and that authority be given for the em-
Jurctgn Nous.
not because as an individual
I have no opinions on them, or would
seek to conceal them. The path of du
ty is marked by the Constitution, which
I cheerfully follow ^preferring at all
times practical to abstract legislation.
To the zealous advocate of the
of the States, this course cannot he
objeclioable. Local and domestic affairs
claim our first care, for strength at home
is strength abroad. Then contemplate
refully the positionlhat your State
should and may occupy among her con
federates, or even in the opinion of
Christendom. Her capabilities are con
stantly expanding, andmeasured in some
degree by the trust with which you have
been invested. A wise policy, combining
remote and present interests, will ensure
present enjoyment and future prosperity.
This is tbe essence of civilization. Then
promote social intercourse,encourage in
dustry, advance education, administer
justice, and preserve spotless public
** mT ight it to be forgotten, that
whatsoever is expressed or acted by
socially or individually, his eye
cannot be too often and intently turned to
Heaven for guidance and guardianship.
GEO. W. CRAWFORD
Direct Taxation.
The Locofoco State Convention of
Massachusetts, at its late session, pass
ed the following resolution :
Resolved, That the existing tariff* is
further deserving of general support be-
more than any that have
preceded it, in harmony with the sound-
st principles of the science of national
wealth, with the grand movements of
oui age towards universal freedom ofour
commercial intercourse, and with Dem
ocratic truth, which teaches that, while
tariffs and every other form of indi
rect taxation encourage and conceal na
tional extravagance, DIRECT TAXA
TION ALONE will at once constrain
the public servants to observe a rigid
economy, and enable the people to de
tect and punish tbe first breach of fidel
ity in the management of the public re
sources.”
A debt of two, three, perhaps four
hundred millions (before the war is ended,)
to be paid by direct taxation on the farms
and other property of the people of the
United States. Such a tax would for
example, amount to many times that now
imposed upon the people of Georgia.—
Suppose a national debt to be created
during this wtir only about equal to that
occasioned by the war of 1812, or some
two hundred millions of dollars. We sup
pose on rough estimate the quota of this
debt which the State of Georgia would
have to pay, would be some seven mil
lions of dollars, quite a snuglittle sum
for the farmers of Georgia to fork u p after
the mode of direct taxation. In Massa
chusetts the Democrats have coipe out
boldly and shown their hand, and we
await further revelations of the same
kind. The Whig party are to a man
opposed to direct taxation, and stand al
ways ready to try issues with their op
ponents on this ground.—Sav. Rep.
Telegraphic Correspondence of the Whig.
• Five Days I^atcr from Enrtpc.
Battle between Abd-el-Kadcr and the Troops
of Morocco—Intelligence from Spain,
Switzerland, Africa, tife.— The Money
Market—Thfi Markets of Havre, Livcr-
pool t
New*Souk, Nov. 3, 7 p. m.
The French Steamer Philadelphia,
Capt. Besson^lrfved at this port about
an hour sinc^PSbe sailed from Havre
about the ; tenni of October, and conse
quently has been out twenty-four days.
She brings a few days later intelligence
from Euj^flBBer chimney having be
come di^^^^B she was compelled to
put intc^^^Hp for repairs.
the 7th <^py from the
Londot^xunes of the 6th an account of
the failure of Rougemont & Brothers ;
John Thomas, Sons & Brothers; Jersey
& Co. ofManchestar.^500,000. Mr. Van
Zelar, the Portuguese Consul and Eng
lish house in Calcutta, has failed
.£560,000.
Confidence was thought to be reviv
ing in London on the 6th ult.
The Liverpool Chamber ofCommerco
has sent a deputation to the Chancellor
ofthe Exchequer, to urge a relaxation of
the restrictions of the Peel bill.
Consols are quoted at 84 1-2 on the
Paris exchange.
On the 9th ult. the^French funds de^
dined on account of a rumor that the
Barings had obtained from the French
treasury eleven millions offrancs,in coin,
to relieve the money market.
At Paris, on the 7th, the quotations of
three per cents, was. 75 francs 15 cen
times, being a decline of 15 centimes;
Five percents, alsodeclined20 centimes.
The American mail steamship, Wash
ington, Hewitt, master, arrived out on
the 8lh ult.
The French steamer New York arriv
ed at Cherbourg on the 4th ult.
Flour and corn are low in all markets
of France. It was five francs lower in
France than in Belgium.
At Paris the sales of cotton were light.
Wheat was selling at 22a23 francs; and
barley, new, llal3 francs.
In London on the 6th ultimo, cotton
was steady.
Dates from Liverpool are to the 6th.
The sale price of flour is not given in the
papers received ; neither is there quota
tion of the price of grain.
Sjiain.—Narvarez has triumphed,and
a new ministry has been formed by the
Queen.
Switzerland.—The Canton of Lucerne
was in a state of insurrection. Also
those of F ribourg and the District of
Romont, Gruge, and the Valley of Ma-
verncy.
Africa.—News from Africa to the 22d
of September slates that a great battle
had been fought between Abd-el-Kader
and the troops of Morocco, under the
walls of Taga in which the Emir lost four
thousand men.
stiliTlater.
From the Richmond Whig.
BY MAGNETIC TELEGRAPH.
ARRIVAL OF THE CALEDONIA AT BOSTON.
Money Pressure Unabated.
FAILURE of the ROYAL BANK of LIVERPOOL!
The steamship Caledonia arrived at
Boston yesterday (Friday.) Our corres
pondent writes, per Telegraph, that the
money pressure in England continues
unabated.
Fifty-frc additional firms have suc
cumbed since the advices per last steam
ship.
The Royal Bank of Liverpool has
failed !
Flock—American Flour in London
and Liverpool was selling, on the day
of sailing of the steamer, (the 19th,) at
25s a 27 s.
WHEAT-Arneriean Wheat was selling
at 56s a 64s per quarter. ~
Corn—33 shillings per quarter.
Money Market still stringent.
CoTTON-Orleaus, middling,2\; Bow
ed 5’d. The tendency of the Cotton
market was downwards.
CdP* It is said that after the battle of
| Chapultepec some of the Mexicans ask-
Letter jrom Mr. Van Ilmen—Tbe e . d what kind of beings ihose were that
Wilkesbarre (Pa.) Farmer,having placed
Mr. Van Buren’s name for the Presiden
cy at the head of its columns, has drawn
from that gentleman a letter, in reply to
one from the Editor of that paper, in
which he disclaims all purpose of being a
CANDIDATE FOR THE PRESIDENCY. Mr.
Van Burcn urges strongly the mainten
ance of the “ integrity of the democratic
party avows himself an advocate for
the vigorous prosecution of the Mexican
war, until brought to an honorable con
clusion, with “ a just, indemnity for the
past and reasonable security for the fu
ture.” The letter is, however, entirely
silent in relation to the Wilmot Proviso.
—Charleston Evening News.
The Palmetto Regiment.—The average
age of thtf members of this distinguish
ed regiment is only 23 years. This ac
counts for the fire with which they went
into battle, but where did they get their
steadiness ? It is said that a large ma
jority of the regiment was composed of
gentlemen’s sons—young men of wealth,
and brought up in ease and luxury.—
If so, this will account for the mortality
among them by disease arising from ex
posure.
When a little boy three years old
was asked how he did to save himself
in the ruins of the house he was in,
the time of the explosion of the Nashville
.powder magazine, he said “I diet not
$673,522 00 j save myself at all. God saved me !”
520,144 CO 1 J
100,888 15; The Old Soldier.—When the electo-
’ ral tickets of Old Zack shall have been
Deposites,
Total $1,294,554 75 j formed, says the Virginia Press, in al-
Liabilities on 1st November, 1847, | most every Stale of the Union, as they
Circulation, $22,146 00 will be during tbe coming winter, the
State 8 percent. Bonds, 479,440 80 caucusses may assemble and organize,
Deposites, 48,6S8 45 and put forth creeds and their candi-
’ dates, but all will be in vain. The true
Total $550,275 25 old soldier,who has encountered greater
odds than these, will have,“ troops of
Reduction, $744,279 50 friends,” unfaltering, invincible—and,
To which may be added about*$200,000 like himself, never in the mood to sur-
paid on account of interest, and expen- ..render.
they had been fighting with; they were
told by some waggish Americans, that
they were “Mexican Whigs.”
“Are all the men you left behind you
like- yourselves ?”
" replied a wag, “most of them
we left hefiind are Polk, Dallas, and
Texas Democrats.”
For mercy’s sake, then, let the next
army you send out here be Polk, Dallas,
and Texas Democrats; we would rather
fight them two to one than these Mexi
can Whigs; they whip us all the time.—
Licking Valley Register.
Gen. Scott, ia one of his orders, calls
i the commanders of regiments and
corps to furnish the names of the Ser
geants, Corporals,and other enlisted men
who distinguished themselvcg in the re
cent battles, so that they may receive
the benefit of the act of Congress of
March 3d, 3847, which authorizes the
Government to promote such persons to
tbe rank of Brevet Second Lieut. This
right; the glorious victories could not
have been won without the rank and file;
they have, many of them earned ad
vancement, and it should not be denied
them.—N. O. National.
To advocate Gen. Taylor’s election
to the Presidency seems to be regarded
as a crime by the Administration. James
Peacock, Esq. Abe late Postmaster at
Harrisburg, Pa., having been removed
from office in consequence of his parti
cipation in the Taylor State Conven
tion recently held in that city 1 \
It is said, on good authority, that
the Trist treaty project was not Mr.
Polk’s ultimatum. Instructions had been
sent Mr. T. to demand the 26th parallel
of latitude as the boundary, but they
did not reach him in time. It was these
instructions which were taken by • the
Mexicans and given by the Mexican
commissioners to Mr. Trist; and it was
probably owingto the enemy’s comfhg to
the knowledge of these instructions,that
no terras could he agreed on.