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STATESMAN.
M ILLF.DUEVILLE, JaN. 3, 1826.
A List of all the Acts pasvd during the re
cent Session of onr legislature, is all tIAt we
are able to detail of their doings in this paper,
inconsequence, that from the ill health of bis
Excellency, the Governor, so few of their acts
have been returned to the Secretary’s office,
since they were submitted for his signature, j
Those of a general and more interesting char
si ter skull appear in their order, as soon as
we can be favoured with copies.
The proceedings of Congress will not for a
few mails, t xtend so far into the counsels of
thi ir enacting authority, as to furnish us with
lunch else than preliminary formalities, Com
mittee appointments, notices of Bills, peti
tions, &c.
The “Special Message”of the President,
and the investigation and debates of Congress
on the subject of our late treaty with the In
dians, arc expected with intense interest, by
the ne t mails. Whatever may now be the
language and sentiments of the co-ordinate
powers of our General Governmant on this
subject,— to Georgia, it »ill be an all-engross
ing theme, —will doubtless awaken much spec
ulation, and afford some new rallying point
for the recruiting functionaries of party. We
fould almost venture to prophecy that anoth
er, and perhaps a better pretext might be found
to prop, or sustain, a certain resolution in our
last number in favor of Andrew Jackson,
which very much larks additional support.
But for ourselves, we mean not to forestall or
mistrust the opinions or decision of the Gene
ral Government upon any issue of its Legis
lation.
Our editorial labours, having been perform
ed under accumulated and conflicting cares,
have hitherto been brief and dissultory. We
offer in extenuation the consideration of ex
treme haste in fitting up and furnishing our
office, ar.d attending thi removal to this
place of our remote families. Not being well
learned in the language of apology, we close
our notice of to day, assuring our readers that
what we can, shall be done for their rational
entertainment and intelligence. It is not our
design to throw down the glove to the cham
pion of any political parly; but in extending
the benefits of political economy, and aiding in
the cause of science, religion and morals, are
objects of endeavour which no praise or blame
shall ever prevail on ps to compromit or
abandon. To this end, we invite a tribute
from every respectable pen, in coadjuvancv
with these endeavours. The Scholar, the
Moral Essayest, and the Theologian, shall
find a vacant column in this paper for their
various themes, —under the universal preroga
tive to ourselves reserved, the judging of its
fitness.
COMMUNICATED.
With sincere regret we mention
the death of our worthy fellow-citi*
/.en, Mr. Robert Carruthers, of
.tones county, in the fifty-ninth year
fit his age, leaving an affectionate
w ife, a large family of children, and
numerous friends, to lament their ir
reparable loss. He died on the sth
ult. very unexpectedly, though his
health hail been for some time im
paired. Mr. Carruthers was a native
of Ireland, and emigrated to this
country with a beloved brother, at
t lie commencement of our Revolu
tionary war. Soon after their arri
val, they joined the American stand
ard ns volunteers. His brother was
killed by the British, near Savannah.
The conduct of Mr Carruthers has
been such as to gain him a respecta
ble character in the estimation of all
who knew him:—He was strictlv
honest in all his dealings, was uni
form in the support of the political
principles which characterize his
countrymen. Panegyric of the dead
seldom embalms their memory, or
bene tits the living.—But
“No longer seek his merits to disclose
Nov draw his frailties from their dread abode,
There they alike in trembling hope repose,
In the bosom of his father and his God.”
DIED, in Jones com iy, on the
1 1th December last, Mrs. Elizabeth
Bray, in the 513th year of her age. —
For many years she was a respecta
ble member of the Baptist Church,
ami has left numerous friends to
mourn the loss ofher moral influence
and pious example.
'• Blessed are the dead who die in
ihe Lord, yea saitli the spirit, for
their works do follow them.”
In Jones county, on the 10th of December
last, in th< 28th year of his age, Mr. RUFUS
t !UNTf NGTON, son of Wm. Huntington,
Y«q. of l.etianon, in Connecticut. Mr. Hun
tington was graduated at Yale College, in
1317; in 1810 he came to Georgia, and has
since devoted his time to the instruction of
youth. He was emim nt for his morality.
FOREIGN.
Liter Pune an Independent Re
public.
Translated for the National Journal.
.let of Independence of the provinces
of Upper Peru.
DECLARATION.
The sovereign representation of
ihe provinces of Upper Peru, deeply
penetrated with the magnitude and
weight of their responsibility, to
Heaven and the World, in deciding
the destinies of their constituents,
have divested themselves of all par
tiality and private feelings at the al
;ur of justice, and have ardently im
ploroa the aid of the Croat Architect
ilMiP'■>»'* *' " *•* ' ! ~
cisioa. Conscious of good faith, jus
tice, moderation, and careful deliber
ation on their present resolution,
they declare, in the name, and with
authority of their Representatives,
that the happy day has arrived, w hen
Upper Peru has become liberated
ftom unjust power, from t! o tyran
nic. and wretched Ferdinand \ 11., and
that tlii'a fertile region lias escaped
the debasing relation of a colony of
Spain ; that it is important to its
welfare, not to incorporate itself with
any of the co-terminous Republics,
but to erect itself into a sovereign
and independent State, in relation to
the new as well as the old world ;
that the provinces of Upper Peru,
firm and unanimous in the ir resolu
tion, proclaim to the whole earth,
that they will govern themselves, un
der their own constitution, laws, and
authorities, that they may think
most conducive to th“ prosperity of
the nation, the inviolable support of
the Catholic religion, and the main
tenance of the sacred rights of hon
or, life,' liberty, equality, property
and security. To carry into effect
this deternnention, they him! them
selves, through this sovereign repre
sentation, by their lives, property
and sacred honour.
I!;ill of K'pi-si illative*, August fi, 1?25.
Signed by Jose Mariano Serrano,
President, and by 17 other Repre
sentatives.
We find the following letter in
the New-York Daily Advertiser, and
extract it without assuming any re
sponsibility for the accuracy of its
statements or the tone of the senti
ments it expresses. IfMhe facts are
correctly stated, they indicate a dis
position on the part of the Emperor,
rather of an unfriendly character to
wards the American Consul.
Extract of a letter from a gentleman
at Ilia de Janeiro, to his friend in
this city, dated Oct. 3d, 1825.
“ You have heard, no doubt, some
time since, w hat hasjust readied me,
that our friend Ray is confined in
Fort Brum, because he had not left
the country at the order of the Em
peror. lie remained not through ob
stinacy, but to await the decision of
his Majesty, on a petition forwarded
him by Mr. Ray, “requesting a trial,”
and an investigation of his conduct
in the late disturbances. This would
not he granted him. The answer to
Raguct the Consul, who enclosed
the petition to the Minister of Fo
reign Affairs, was, “ that after the
repeated representations respecting
Mr. Ray’s conduct, nis Majesty
thought the punishment was light.”
I hand you the translation of the
Portaria, as they call it, ordering
him to be expelled from the country.
It gives the grounds of the measure.
Tome, as an American, it is mortify
ing to find the conduct of our gov
ernment given, by this tyrant, as the
precedent on and by which he gov
erns himself in this business. Not
to say any thing of the difference
which one would suppose ought to
be made between those who are
know n to have interfered as public
men, and citizens who enjoyed pri
vate opinions, w ithout any over act,
how does his Majesty get over the
fact of an English Naval Officer res
cuing and protecting Mr. Carvalho,
without making complaints to the
British Government I Even suppos
ing that he may have made some
representations ; yet if the English
have treated them with contempt,
does not the fact that nothing is done
to Capt. Hume speak plainly that
his conduct was approved 1 How,
in the name of common sense, can it
be justified on his part, that he re
venges on Mr. Ray, what he dared
not take notice of in Capt. Hume'?
Making any proper allowance for the
one being an officer, and the cither a
citizen, will he sufficient. No! But
one is English and the other is Amor
can ; and the American Government
showed that they disliked and dis
approved of their agent’s giving re
fuge to people in distress, by turn
ing out Mr Ray fromthe Consulate ;
and for consistency’s sake, must ad
mire his Majesty for following their
example so closely. They turn Mr.
Ray out of office, and he for the
same offence turns him out of the
country ! No doubt the Emperor has
a democratic wrinkle in his forehead,
or he could not have followed the
republican example so closely. But
look at your expulsion, and the
reason for it !
(TRANSLATION.)
The Brigadier Francisco do Lima
and Silva, representing in his des
patch No. 5, dated the 12th of this
month, how dangerous the residence
of the American merchant Jose ph
Ray might be for any further time,
in Pernambuco, not only on account
of his having given refuge to many
persons involved in the crime of re
bellion, lately manifested in that
province, he being the intimate friend
of the infamous Manuel de Calvaho,
but also for having had the boldness
to try the judge of the Military Com
mission, and to oiler him money, in
order that he should consent to the
escape of another of the principal
Rebels, then a prisoner in conse
quence of his crimes : and it appear
ing, moreover, in the aforesaid des
patch, that before, in ICI7, the said
American practised ihe same facts,
[literally translated .] for which he
in which office he then was, and it
now appearing that that hint (or to
ken) was not sufficient to restrain
his turbulent genius. His Majesty,
the Emperor, lias resolved that the
said Joseph Ray be ordered to w ith
draw from the Brazilian Territory,
liecause he has made himself un
worthy to remain in it ; and the or
ders, through his Secretary of For
eign Affairs, that the Brigadier Fran
cisco de Lima and Silva, as soon as
he shall make known to him [J. Ray]
the order for his depart iflre from the
Empire, assigning to him for this
purpose a short and peremptory
time. Palace of Rio de Janeiro,
April 30, 1825.
LUIS JOSE DE CARVALHO EMILLO.
Greece. —A Greek paper gives the
following comparison between the
situation of the Peloponesus in 1822
and 1825:
“In June, 1822, there were 30,-
000 Turks in the Peloponesus,
and 2000 Greeks arrested their
progress at the mills of Napoli di
Romania. The Turks were masters
of the Castles of Corinth, Patras,
M odon, Coron, and Napoli di Ro
mania The Greeks had only Na
varino, and Malvoisia. In Septum
her, the 30,000 Turks were anni
hilated, and two months after, Na
poli and Corinta were in the ha .ds
of the Greeks.
“ In June, 1825, the Greeks pos
sessed Corinth, Napoli, and Malvois
ia, that is, they had a fort more
than in 1822.—1n the Morea, there
were about 10,000 Turks. The
Greeks, therefore, had r.ot so many
enemies to contend with, bv 20,000.
Could they not have done in July,
1825, what they did in July 1822 ?
“ Are the Greeks of 1825 no lon
ger the Greeks of 1822 I Greeks !
Europe has her eyes fixed upon you,
and this campaign must seal your
fate. In July, 1822, 30.000 Turks
were stopped at the miiis by 2000
Greeks ; and in June, 1825, more
than 6000 Arabs of disciplined troops
were routed at the same mills, by
a handful of brave men.”
The Baltimore American of 20th
inst. contains the following impor
tant intelligence :
“ By the schr. La Fayette, Capt.
Alexander, arrived at tnis port last
evening, in 26 days from Sacrificios,
the gratifying intelligence is received
of the fall of the Castle of San Juan
de Ulloa. It surrendered at discre
tion on the 18th Nov. the garrison be
ing in a state of starvation. The
only particulars received are, that
the garrison were to be sent to 11a
vanna. The sick had been trans
ferred to Vera Cruz. Captain A.
was informed by Capt. Lane, of the
schooner flornillas, that the garrison
were embarked on board of English
vessels, and had sailed for Havanna.
The H. had been captured by the
Mexican fleet, and carried into Sac
rificios, but was subsequently re
leased.
From Java.-—We learn from Capt.
Hutchins who left Batavia on the Ist.
Sept that the disturbances in the
island of Java, between the Dutch
and the natives, had assumed a seri
ous character. The discontent
manifested itself principally in the
central districts of the island, and the
Dutch had sent the whole of their
forces against them, amounting, ac
cording to report, to only seven or
eight hundred Europeans. They had
despatched vessels to Borneo and
the Moluccas, to withdraw the troops
that had been sent there to quell a
similar disturbance. The Europe
ans at the different sea-ports were
enrolled into companies, as well to
protect the ports as to add to the ap
pearance of things during the ab
sence of the regulars. But little ap
prehension was felt at Batavia on ac
count ofthese disturbances, as the na
tive reigning princes were not united.
The communication between Batavia
and Samarang, had been suspended,
but w as again opened when Capt. 11.
sailed. There was no doubt that the
Dutch force w as too small to hold all
their possessions quietly.
It is mentioned in a late London
paper, that Washington Irvine is in
Paris, writing a collection of Stories,
which are stated by a correspondent,
who has perused some of them, to
be much more interesting than any
yet published by him. We deeply
regret that Mr . Irvine does not give
birth to the brilliant scintillations of
his genius in the Woods and Wilds
of his native land. — Aug. Chron.
The followinglis the Address of
Mr. Forbes, Charge d’Aflaires of the
United States to the Government of
Buenos Ayres.
[Translated for the Albany Daily Advertiser.]
Most Excellent Sir: Five years ago,
in the darkest moment of an almost
hopeless anarchy, 1 had the honor to
present myself in this hallas the hum
ble organ of that deep interest which
has ever been taken by the people
and government of the United States,
in the success of the Patriot cause of
Spanish America, throughout all its
fortunes and its struggles. I cannot
express, Sir, the satisfaction I now
feel, when, by order and in the name
of rny government, 1 come to repeat
to'you, in the midst of a regenerated
a constant and most lively sympathy
in every thing which touches the
honor or prosperity of the Lnited
Provinces of La Plata.
The government of the U. States
has been the first to assume the re
sponsibility', and to risk the conse
quences of acknowledging the new
governments formed out ol Spanish
America. For this priority of move
ment on their part, which has tend
ed to accelerate similar acts on the
part of other governments, and to
disconcert, and at least to postpone
these of a different character, the U.
States have asked nothing, nor do
they wish any tiling but a frank and
friendly intercourse, founded on prin
ciples of just and enlightened reci
procity.
At an early period, subsequent to
that great measure, the late Presi
dent of the United States, in a Mes
sage to Congress in December, 1823,
asserted two very important princi
ples of law in the relations between
Europe and America.
The first is,that the American con
tinents arc not henceforth to be con
sidered as subjects for future coloni
zation by any European powers. —
This declaration implies no disposi
tion to disturb the now existing sys
tem of colonial possessions, but the
principle is solely directed against
the establishment of any new Euro
pean colonies on this continent. The
other principle asserted in that mes
sage is, that whilst the U. States do
not desire to interfere with the sys
tem of the allied powers in Europe,
they would regard as dangerous to
their own peace and safety any at
tempt to extend that system to any
part of this hemisphere.
In the maintenance of these prin
ciples, all the independent govern
ments of America have a strong in
terest, and it is hoped that the go
vernment of Buenos Ayres, far from
disavowing, will feel the utility and
expediency of asserting them on all
proper occasions. *
Both these principles, solemnly
declared in the face of the world,
were laid down after much and anx
ious deliberation on the part of the
late cabinet at Washington; and I
am instructed to say, that the Presi
dent, who was one of that cabinet,
continues entirely to coincide in that
declaration.
The President has been much gra
tified by the funeral honors decreed
by your excellency, to the late Minis
ter of the U. States, Mr. Rodney,
and the respect subsequently shown
to his memory ; and I am charged to
express his grateful sense of the
friendly delicate attentions manifest
ed on that melancholy occasion.
The Government of the U. States
is sincerely desirous, Sir, to cultivate
and maintain the most friendly rela
tions w ith the provinces of La Plata;
and I am instructed to keep constant
ly in view, and to seize every fit oc
casion to give effect to this friendly
policy. 1 beg leave, most respect
fully to assure your excellency, that
this ever will be, as it ever has been,
among the warmest impulses of my
own heart.
The following is the reply of the
Governor of that Province :
The Government, charged with
the National Executive power, has
heard with the greatest pleasure and
satisfaction, the benevolent senti
ments which the government of our
good friend thd Republic of the
United States has deigned to trans
mit through their charge d’affaires.
The united provinces of the river
La Plata recollect always with plea
sure the act of justice, which the re
public of the United States has done
in acknowledging the independence
of this country ; and this sentiment
is always gaining new strength, as
well by the cultivation of our rela
tions as by the identity of the prin
ciples which govern both republics.
The government of the United
Provinces knows the importance of
the two great principles which the
Hon. President of the U. States has
laid down in his Message to Con
gress, and, convinced of the utility of
their adoption by ail the states of the
continent, will consider it an honora
ble duty to second them, and to that
end to avail itself of every opportu
nity which may present.
II is particularly satisfactory to this
government, that the honourable the
President of the U. States has named
his charge d’affaires in the respecta
ble person of Mr. Forbes,.whose sen
timents in favor of the independence
and prosperity of this republic, ma
nifested constantly and in all circum
stances, has won the love and gene
ral good will of the citizens of this
country.
From the follow ing extracts, it
w ill be seen that even in the north
ern latitudes, the weather has con
tinued to be mild to an unusually late
period of the year:
Quebec, Dec. 5. —We have still the
most astonishing mild weather. A
steamboat left the port for Montreal
yesterday, and the last ship sailed on
Saturday.
“ The Catholic Bishop of Quebec,
Monseigneur J. O. Plessis, died at
two o’clock yesterday, somewhat
suddenly. He was speaking at the
time, to his medical attendant, and
preparing to write, when he 101 l back
in his chair, and expired He was
“The 79th Highland Regiment, at
Quebec, have discarded their kilts,
and now wear the more suitable dress
of grev trowsers. It is supposed
they will now change their march
from “ Blue bonnets o’er the border,'
to tune of “Johnny grey breeks.”
Congress.
Washington, Friday, Dec. 16.
The resolution of Mr. Bf.nton,
proposing an amendment to the Con
stitution, giving the choice of a Pre
sident and Vice-President directly to
the People, came up in its order yes
terday before the Senate, and gave
rise to a considerable desultory de
bate, not so much in relation to the
importance of the adoption of any
particular plan, as it was relative to
the practicability of maturing some
mode, in which all might agree, and
of giving to the Committee to be ap
pointed, full and ample scope in the
exercise of those powers attendant
upon an impartial consideration.—
The amendment to the resolution,
submitted by Mr. Macon, was cheer
fully accepted by Mr. Benton ; it
gives to the Committee power to at
tain, if practicable, the best and the
safest mode of making the election,
without the intervention of Con
gress.
A resolution was offered by Mr.
Kans. in relation to the erection of a
monument to General Washington,
and Mr. Johnson, of Louisiana, ex
plained the object of the resolution
offered on the preceding day, rela
tive to an amendment of the Judicia
ry system. A short time was passed
in the consideration of Executive bu
siness.
In the House, the election of Eg
bert Ten Eyck, of New-York, was,
by a report of the Committee on
Elections, declared illegal, and Da
niei. llugumn, jr. was declared en
titled to his seat,and the House con
curring, Mr. Hugunin was qualified
and took his seat. Mr. Livingston
called up his resolution on the sub
ject of unclaimed dividends, and made
some explanations ; but the resolu
tion was laid on the table, as also was
one by Mr. Buchannax, calling for
the proceedings on the trial of Com.
Porter. Some discussion took place
on the subject of the joint resolution
introduced some days since by Mr.
Blair, of Tenuessee, relative to an
armory on the Western Waters ; but
no decision was had on it. A report
of the Postmaster-General was re
ceived, and ordered to be printed,
giving the net amount of postage
which accrued for the last year at
the different post-offices in the Union.
Saturday, Dec. 17.
The Senate did not sit yesterday.
In the House of Representatives
yesterday, Mr. Hamilton, of South-
Carolina, introduced a resolution
calling on the President for informa
tion in relation to that part of his
Message which refers to the appoint
ment of Commissioners to join in the
deliberations of the Congress at Pa
nama. A resolution was also offer
ed by Mr Drayton, for the establish
ment of a Navy-Yard at Charleston;
and another by Mr. Barney, relative
to a similar establishment at Balti
more. The resolution of Mr. Bay
lies, relative to the exploration of
the North-West Coast; and of Mr.
Buchannan, calling for the proceed
ings in the case of Com. Porter, were
both agreed to. Mr. Wickliffc’s re
solutions on the subject of the Judi
ciary, were referred, at the sugges
tion of Mr. Webster, to the commit
tee on that subject. The House has
adjourned until Monday.
Tuesday, Dec. 20.
The greater part of the business
in the Senate consisted of the intro
duction and referrence of petitions
to their proper Committees. A re
solution was offered by Mr. Dicker
son, of Ncw-Jerscy, declaring that
no person, who has been twice elect
ed tp the office of President shall
again be eligible, and a resolution
offered by Mr. Cobb, of Georgia,
proposes to prohibit Members of the
Senate or House of Representatives
from accepting any office of honor,
trust or profit, under the Govern
ment of the United States, during
the period for which they were elect
ed. A resolution was submitted by
Mr. Eaton, inquiring into the au
thority of the Territory of Arkansas
for imposing taxes on soldiers’
grants.
In the House of Representatives,
a bill was introduced granting a pen
sion to Penelope Denny, and another
relative to the claims of the Marquis
de Maison Rouge. The resolution
of Mr. Hamilton, of South Carolina,
on the subject of the proposed
Commission to the Congress of
Panama, was laid on the ta
ble, on his own motion, as he had
understood that information on the
subject was about to be presented to
the House. The resolution introduc
ed by Mr. Sawyer, of North Caroli
na, relative to a geographical sur
vey, was negatived. The resolution
of Mr. Livingston, relative to the
list of unclaimed Dividends, was re
ferred to the Committee of Ways and
Means. Mr. Reed, of Mass, intro
duced a resolution relative to a com
munication between the Atlantic and
Pacific Oceans, over the Isthmus of
Panama. Mr. Webster laid on the
Canal across the Peninsula «»» Flori
da, which he represented tube a sub
ject of deep importance. The
claims of the Ex-President, (Mr.
Monroe,) were brought before the
Mr. Ingham, and referred
to the Committee on Claims ; his
motion for a select Committee being
superceded by the amendment car
rying it to the Standing Committee.
A resolution was also introduced re
lative to an increase of clerks in (he
office of the Fourth Auditor. Mr.
Thompson, of Pennsylvania, offered
a resolution referring it to the com
mittee on the District of Columbia
to inquire into the expediency of giv
ing a territorial government to the
District, which was agreed to.
Wednesday, Dec. 21.
In the Senate, yesterday, Mr. Van
Buren introduced, and accompanied
with some appropriate remarks, a
resolution declaring that Congress
does not possess the power to con
struct roads and canals, and propos
ing that the power be given, under
such restrictions as to secure to
each state the benefits resulting from
appropriations for that purpose.
A resolution was offered by Mr.
Robbins, for referring that part of
the President’s Message relative to
a National University to a Select
Committee for consideration ; and
notice was given by Mr. Benton of
his intention to bring in a bill to gra
duate the price of the Public Lands.
The resolution offered yesterday by
Mr. Cobb, relative to the prohibi
tion of Members oi Congress from
accepting any places of honor, trust,
or profit, under the government, was
referred, without debate, to the com
mittee on the subject of the amend
ments of the Constitution.
In the House of Representatives a
resolution was introduced by Mr.
Henry, of Kentucky, on the subject
of a Military Academy on the Wes
tern Waters. Another resolution
was offered by Mr. Cook, of Illinois,
on tiie subject of the sale of the lead
mines in Illinois. The resolutions
offered on the day preceding, by Mr.
Forsyth, requesting information as to
the correspondence between the U.
States and Great Britain, in relation
to the Slave Trade; by Mr. Trim
ble, calling for the Message of Mr.
Jefferson, recommending an expedi
tion across the continent; and by Mr.
White, of Florida, relative to the
proposed fortifications in Pensacola
3av, were all agreed to. A resolu
tion was adopted, on motion of Mr.
Holcombe, of New-Jersey, referring
the subject of a School for destitute
children, to be trained for the Navy.
The discussion of Mr. Blair’s joint
resolution on the subject of a Nation
al Armory on the Western Waters
was resumed, and terminated in the
reference of the resolution, with its
amendment®, to the Committee on
Military A flairs. The engrossed bill
entitled “ An act making certain al
terations in the mode of paying the
enlisted soldiers of the United States,
in order to prevent the crime of de
sertion ” was read a third time, and
afterwards laid on the table.
The following is a copy of the
Resolution offered by Mr. Bailev for
the'amendment of the Constitution.
Resolved, That the- construction
of Roads and Canals is highly im
portant to the union, strength and
general prosperity of the United
States.
Resolved, That since the individii
al States of this Lnion have relin
quished to the General Government,
the control of the most easy and ef
ficient means of raising revenue, it is
fit that a portion ot the general re
venue, if consistent with the Con
stitution, should be appropriated to
this important object.
Resolved, That while a large por
tion of the people and oftheir repre
sentatives in Congress, believe such
appropriations to be inconsistent with
the Constitutional power of Congress
an obstacle is presented to the ac
complishment, if the object, which,
joined to the diversities of opinion
always existing in relation to the ex
pediency of specific measures,
threatens to be deeply injurious, if
not latal to that vigorous and full
development of our resources which
the interests of the union loudly de
mand.
Resolved, That a system which
should leave to the several States,
the expenditure of money appropri
ated to this object by the United
States, W’ould ensure a more equal
participation in the bounty, by the
several States, more economy in its
disbursment, more freedom from sec
tional feelings and injurious compro
mises in legislation, and more promp
titude in commencing works of im
provement, for the completion of
which the several States would In
secure if possessing the means.
Resolved. That the several States
ought to have the power to expend
money so appropriated, in improving
river and canal navigation, and in
promoting education, colonization,
and the liberal and useful arts, when
ever in their opinion, its expenditure
for these objects, would be more use
ful than in constructing roads‘and
canals.
Resolved, That Congresfwought to
have power to make surveys of
coasts, rivers, and road and canal
routes, to aid the Rates in selecting