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Georgia Statesman.
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O" UiMOiS yOTEL. J-ft
The subscriber having o ened the
above New Establishment at Decatur in De Kalb
(c.nty; K*spi;at£jlly invites all persons to call ml see
Dm, who may be demrious of being comfortably accom
’ oodated on the low es> terms.
THE UVJO.V HOTEL, is in a high and pleasant nit
cation, on the Public Square, and is well finished.
The. Stables are in Superior order, and at all times well
provided with provinder of the be t kind.
The weary traveller can here find rest from‘he toil ol
his journey—The constant Boarder, an agreeable and
fcea'thy home—And private families can be accommodated
with- Separate Rooms.
No trouble shall be wanting in order to render this Es
tablishment worthy of public patronage.
MATTHIAS HILBURN.
Decatur, April 21st, 1827.
69 —w2weow4t
House oj Entcrtainmem
A THE Subscriber has opened a House of Enter
tain in nt at that valuable stand, situat and two miles from
Milledgeville, at the fork of the roads leading to Eatontnn
end Clinton. At this house Travellers and others can be
accommodated with good clean beds, the best of food, am!
excellent iiquors, at a moderate price.
WILLIAM R HILL
March, 12th, 1827. 62—if
GEORGIA, Twiggs County.
lit/'HLRLAS. Joshua It. Wimberly &i John
G Slapply, applies to me for Letters ol
Administration, (with the will annext) on the
Estate of Ezekiel Wimberly, late of said coun
ty, dec’d.
These are therefore to cite and admonish
nil and singular, the kindred and creditors ol
said decased, to be and appear at my office
within the time prescribed by Law, to shew
uuuse if any they can, why said letters should
tot be granted:
Given under my hand, this Ith day of April
1827.
P. SOLOXOX, c. c. o.
April 1827—6w67.
POETRY -
. TIMES SONG.
O’er the level plain, where mountains
Greet me as 1 go,
O’er the desert waste, where fountains
At my bidding flow—
Os the boundless beam by day,
On the cloud by night,
T am rushing hence away!
Who will chain my flight;
War his weary watch was keeping,
I have crushed his spear;
Oriel' v. ithin her bower was weeping^
I have dried her tear;
Pleasure caught a minute’s hold-
Then I hurried by,
leaving all her banquit could,
Ayd iier goblet dry.
Tower had won a throne of glory:—
IVhcre is now my fame?
Olenius said, —“I live in stroy;”
Who hath heard his name?
tnvc, beneath a myrtile boogh.
Whispered,—“Why so fast?® »
And the roses on his brow
•Yhether’d as I past.
1 have heard the heifer lowing
O’er the. wild wave’s bed:
I have seen the billow flowing
Where the cattle fed;
Where begun my wandrings—
Memory will not saj!
Where will rest my weary wings?’
Science turns away.
From the Macon Telegraph.
The character of a public man belongs to
|is constituents. By the acceptance of a pub-
Nation, he tacitly consents to surrend r his
and individual interest, to the public
and general good And when this public func
tionary perverts the legitimate object of his
®Ppointmen!--when he betrays the interest ol
and wrests the constitution to
too promotion of his own selfish and individu
* projects of aggrandijement—when he be
*rays the confidence reposed in him hy the
Public, and makes the good of the whole suh
‘‘rvent to the interests of tin unprincipled
' r tion—it becomes the imperious duty of ev
<ry lover of his country and of his country’s
Jdtitutions to hold up to public scorn and in
dication the man that has thus betrayed the
11 crests committed to his keeping,
fc n . evc, y oMion and in every age, there are
j u, 'and men of weak discontented minds, of ve
®tnent passions, and of disappointed or per
r e r«V * an, b't'on. The minds of such men are
css and revengeful—ever on the watch to
B * l }Y their malignity or their ambition The
ori s ol such men are restless and revenge
i lt ~~ ,:Vor ° n the watch to gratify their mahg
j 0f *bcir ambition. The peace, the wel-
M r 'or ev-n the existence of the govemmem
n'. ' l’ ro * ec ** them, can have no iulluence m
r '"'mg such men from the most desperate
, **" re * toaccomptiah the most nelariou
hoia.L* * human consideration can with
tion oi earth and blasting the fairest prospects
if the their fellows. Civil commotion, with
ill its attendant evils, sinks into insignificance,
when put in competition with their own aggran
lizement, or their own individual preferment.
This Mr. Editor, is the character of Mr.
Forsyth.—ln every situation in which his in
ordinate and childish ambition has placed him,
lie has made his public duties subservient to
his private aims. His whole public life has
been a tissue of absurdities and inconsistences.
He has endeavored to place himself in an im
posing posture, not by his talents-fur they are
not of a superio* grade but by his noisy and
frothy declamation. He has given “lucid proof”
to the world that he is bound by no ties but
those of political preferment—and influenced
by no motives but those of a factious dema -
gogue. Ho has travelled so long in the path
of political infidelity, and has become so cal
lous to a conscientious discharge of his duties
as a public functionary—he has sunk so deep
into the dark abyss of political perdition, and
has so often reiterated with fearful denuncia
tion the treasonous sentiments of our puissant
and pugnacious governor, '.hat he is now ripe
for any thing that promises to raise him from
his present degraded station, or meet his am
bitious views. Witness his course for the last
two years—and what a picture of daring con
tradictions and absurd inconsistency s ! Who
so violent in their denunciations of General
Jackson ?—who so often flung upon that hero
the imputation of an ignorant demagogue 1—
but who is now so loud in his praise I—who
now so sycophantly obsequious to the imma
culate statesman of the West ? Witness his
zeal for the Indian Treaty made by Campb, (1
and Merriweather; he pledged himself to
Congress and to the Nation to support it; he
pledged himself to lay down his life for it;
not that he cared for a little strip of land, but
for the principle it involved. ’Twas a tremend
ous subject; a subject that involved every
principle of state rights ; a subject that en
dangered our existence as a nation ; a princi
ple around which every lover of our free insti
tutions ought torally: it was the ark ofour po
'itiral salvation, which he would take into his
pure keeping! But who first forsook this grand
principle of right 1 -Why, Sir, can you believe
it 1 it was that consistent and adroit practi
tioner of all the virtues and all the graces; the
patriotic John Forsydi!! Was there any rea
son fur this change of sentiment I No. Was
there no abandonment of the ‘ high hand -d’
measures of the General Government 1 No.
Bet perhaps he was visited with some com
punction of conscience ? Oh no—he is cal
lous to that monitor. Well, was there no
change in public sentiment ? Yes. was:
the tide of public opinion was setting strong a
gainst* his boasted principle. The mist that
he and others ofh'.s “ Class” had flung around
that important subject, haifbegun to dissipate,
and they and their “ principle” were seen in all
their deformity. And John Forsyth, like the
skilful navigator, he has ever proved himself,
»rned with the first turning tide
It is morally impossible to tell what the po
litical character of Mr. F r«yth now is, as it is
impossible to tell what it will be a year hence.
We have no certainty for believing that it is
now. what it was when he left Washington. It
is well known that his political sentiments un
derwent a radical change during the summer
of 1820, and why may they not during the
summer of 1827. Indeed it is whispered a
mong some of his knowing friends, for strange
as it may seem, such a demagogue has friends
and admirers too, that he has already set hi
sail for “ another tack.” and that he is only
waiting for a wind to fill it; and, predicating
our opinion upon his former course of conduct,
we are prepared to hear ot Mr. Forsyth’s in
troducinga resolution into Congress todissolve
the union !! No course of conduct, however
absurd, or however distructive to righ! am!
principle, would surprize those who are ac
quainted with the corrupt designs or ambitious
views of Mr. Forsyth, as exhibited by his pre
cious daring absurdities and inconsistencies.
Yju may call this, Mr Editor, declamation,
or you may call these charges, assertions with
out proof. But, sir, the proof is at hand, and
should tbe called for. I will produce it; and,
fer vour own information though I doubt not
you know it well, I will refer you to the de
hates in Congress, from the time Mr Forsyth
fi r st entered that body down to the present pe
riod And I will refer you also, to evfry citi
zen of the state who has known Mr. Forsyth
from the time he first came into public life.—
And, by the bye, 1 may hereafter have some
thing to say, and to show too, of his political
course during the last war, when I believe he'
stood side by side and walked hand in hand
with the members of the Hartford Conven
tion. A GEORGIAN
ACrgItrTTLTUBE.
Fvout .Niks’ ltcgister
AGRICULTURE OF THE U. STATES.
(continued.)
But it is to the planters and people of Ma
ryland that we now directly address ourselves
In 1790, we had 319,000 inhabitants, and one
eleventh of the whole, population ol the Uni
'ted States; in 1820 wt had 407,006, and a
twenty-fourth part of the whole population—
in 1830 we shall not shew a thirtieth part ot
such population, unless because of the in
crease in Baltimore and the other manufactur
ing districts. Indeed, if these be left out,
our population is probably decreasing. In
the first congress we had 6 members out ol
06—now we have 9 out of 215—and, if the
present whole number of member* is preserv
ed after the next census, wo shall have but
seven; and so, from the possession ol one
- lew ui h part of the power of representation,
He tibieruntartes, pacisque imponere raorein, parcere subject!* et debell&re superbos.— Virgil.
Milledgeville, Monday, May 28, 1827.
are just passing into a thirtieth. [Tiie same
operation has taken place and will act upon
our neighbor Virginia; though her western
grain-growing and grazing and manufacturing
district is doing much, indeed, to keep up her
standing, and would have a mighty effect, if
less restricted opinions prevailed, and a real
representative government were allowed ]
Truth thus speaks to us “trumpet-tongued’-
yet we seem neither to hear or heed it; and
what has been our chief commodity for ex
port, and furnished the chief means of pur
chasing foreign goods, (which we have so
much preferred, and which the people still
blindly wish to see introduced,) is about to fail
us altogether! Ohio has already materially in
terfered with our tobacco, and, raised hy free
labor, can afford to transport it 300 miles by
land, and yet undersell our planters in Balti
more, their own local and natural market! See
the article from the “American Farmer,” which
is annexed. The fact is that most of our in
telligent planters regard the cultivation of to
bacco in Maryland as no longei profitable and
would almost universally abandon it, if they
knew what to do with their slaves, for many
reject the idea of selling them ; others, howev
er. are less scrupulous, and the consequence
is that great numbers of this unfortunate class
are export and to other states, the cost of their
‘•uhsistence being nearly or about equal to the
whole value of their production in this. But
Maryland is abundant in re ources, if casting
away h r prejudice, “the old man and his
deeds,” she will profit by her advantages We
have good lands and much water power on the
western shore.* The last is considerably im
proved in Cecil, Baltimore, Frederick and
Washington counties, and manufacturing es
tablishments are pretty cum. rous and respect-
able ; in all these the population is increasing;
the farmers have large barns and w-ell filled
granaries, and with markets at their doors, as
it were, for the chief part of their surplus pro
ducts, including butter, eggs, vegetables—the
hundred little things which the gond farmer
and prudent housewife collects and saves, and
in many cases they, alone, because of the mar
ket for them, sell for more money iu a year,
than the whole surplus crops of wheat and corn
raised on plantations cultivated by eight or ten
-laves, for they themselves eat much, waste
more, and work little. The whole crop of
Maryland tobafcco may have an average annu
al value of $ 1,500,000 —and this is below the
clear product of labour employed in the facto
ries of Baltimore alone ! We do not include the
‘'inplayment of mechanics, properly so called;
and thus, aided by some foreign commerce and
navigation, and a large home trade, we have, in
this small spot, collected and subsisted more
than one sixth part of the gross population, or
about a fifth of the whole people of the state;
and created a market for the products of the
farmers, daily extending in the quantity requir
ed and prices given and to go on as our manu
facturing establishments prosper and persons
are gathered together to consume the products
of the earth But to the success of these, and
the consequent well-being of our farmers, a
liberal encouragement of them, and a manly
support of internal improvements, must be af
forded. Whoever stands opposed to them,
is opposed to the best interests of Maryland
for increased attention to both is the only
me ms that we have to prevent ourselves from
sinking yet lower in the scale of the states. —
Maryland, without any sort of interference with
any other pursuits, might subsist two millions
or more, of sheep, and the product of these
would compensate any loss to be caused by
ceasing to cultivate tobacco ; and besides, and
what is more important, most important, in
deed. it would prevent the actual or compara
tive decrease of our people, keep the free la
bouring classes at the houses of their fathers,
and mightily advance the price oflands, and
add to the general wealth of the state. Real
property, of every description, except in the
districts spoken of, has exceedingly declined
in value and, indeed, in some parts of the
-tale, is seemingly " without price.” If slave
labour ever was profitable with us, it no long
er is so—it does not yield more than 3or 4 per
cent for the capital per capita employed, if
even that—this is clearly proved by the ex
port of slaves to the mo r e southern states; a
cruel practice, and which we hope may be ar
rested by the introduction of new artich sos
agriculture, such as the breeding of sheep, and
the cultivation of flax and cotton, and the rear
ing of the silk worm. These would afford em
ployment to many thousands, and employment
begets employment, and money begets money,
for prosperity begets prosperity. .
But let us further, and for a moment, regard
Baltimore as a market for the farmers of Ma
ryland—for we wish the home market clear
ly understood ; most persons know no more
of its real value than they do of what is hap
pening in the interior of the earth—and it is
the interest of others to prevent enquiry or
mystify facts. We are about 70,000. Allow
to each person vegetable food equal only to a
“ peck of corn per week'” and we shall ap
pear to consume 910,000 bushels of grain ; if
we add what is required for the support of
horses us. and for draft, Lc. the whole may be
moderately estimated as equal to one million
of bushels of wheat, per annum. Then sup
pose we admit that each person wastes or con
sumes half a pound of animal food per day, as
we think that they do and more, and we shall
have 25 millions of pounds a year W’e also
* We have also many valuable mines and
minerals, which, though rapidly coming into
use, are yet only partially worked Large
quantities of iron ore arc carried from the
neighborhood f Baltimore to the New-England
states, there manufactured and probably bro't
»uck again and sold hero to pufcbiuc Os pay
annually requre for our families, work shops
and factories, more than 100,000 cords of
wood. Let us see what these three articles,
these three only, w ill amount to—
-1.000,000 bushels grain at 1 doll. 1,000,000
25,000.000 lbs. ofanimalfood at 4 c. 1,000,000
100,000 cords «f wood, at $2 25 225,000
2,225,000
And, at these moderate estimates, it appears
that the Baltimore market, because of the
bread stuff', animal food and fuel consumed
therein, annually amount to more than two
millions and a quarter of of dollars; or one
fourth of the whole value of all the bread stuff
and meats exported from all the United ®iates.
Previous to entering, upon a mere general
and particular examination of onr great staple
for export, cotton, we shall n .ticcone product
of agriculture which has a most extraordinary
character and operation, ii deed —not on ex
ports but on consumption ; we tneansug »r.
We see it lately stated in the papers that
col. Dummett, of Florida, lias made thirty
hhds. of sugar from cane raised on thirty -five
acres of land—say, only 30,000 lbs. The du
ty, or tax upon which, if imported, would be
$900; and this a Pennsylvania farmer would,
of itself, esteem a neat little* profit on the cul
tivation of a whole farm, for a year. But
-juch are not so favored by soil and climate,
and the bounty ofthe general government.
The sugar crop of Louisiana is about 40 000
hhds. than 10,000 in 1810,) or say
44,000,000 lbs. the duty on which, if import
'd, in exchange for bread-stuffs, &c. would be
one million three hundred Ik twenty thousand
dollars, and this probably divided between
loss than two hundred persons —or, if we al
low it to benefit all the people of Louisiana,
is more than sixteen dollars per head, for eve
ry man, woman, and child, of the state as a
* bounty." Now, a tax equal to this on all the
people of the United States, would produce a
revenue of nearly one hundred and sixty mill
ions of dollars a year! Verily, verily, this
is “ taxing the many for the benefit of th •
few"—and yet wondcrfel to be told, Louisiana
is opposed to the tariff and protection of oth
ethcr branches of domestic industry, as called
for by the farmers and others, who make up
nearly three fourths of the whole people of
the United States. But this is not all.
Sugar has become almost a necessary of
life—it certainly is one of its comforts, desired
and used by the rich and the poor. The whole
amount consumed in the United States may be
about 120,000,000 lbs. say 76 imported and
44 of domestic production The duty on the
former is three cents per lb. and amounts to
2,280,000 dollars, on what costs about five
millions inthe foreign islands and places where
in it is obtained , so that the tax is very near
ly fifty per cent, ad valorem, which is actually
collected on two thirds of the whole quantity
used, to the benefit of those of our country
men who produce the other third. And yet
Louisisiana declaims against “monopolies”
and the tariff which supplies her with such
cotton goods for 12 1-2 cents per yard as late
ly cost her 20 or 25 cents per yard!
The duty on sugar is too high, and it would
have been reduced hut for the encouragement
of the agriculture of Louisiana—andthat which
is for her peculiar and selfish advantage, it the
t> rm may be allowed while it deprives the
treasury of 1,320,000 dollars a year, taxes the
people *in the sum of 1,110 000 dollars annual
ly, more than they would pay, if the duty Was
reduced only to two cents per lb. which Would
still be a high one. As it is, the poor black
wood-sawyer, purchasing only two pounds per
week for his family, pays a tax of three dol
lars and ten cents a year on this solitary arti
cle It is the most onerous tax that we have,
Slid bears particularly hard on the labouring
classes, especially the farmers, mechanics and
manufacturers. We ourselves use as much ol
it, in proportion to our family, as the richest
persons among us, in the ordinary way.* It
is true, we might dispense with it—the tax
paid is “ voluntary," in the impudent cant of
purse-proud dealers in foreign merchandize,
who are daily using our money, obtained thro’
credits at the custom house for the support ot
their trade! So, as the Indians dispense with
the use of shirts, might we—and it is "volun
tary” to prefer the snug and comfortable clothes
that we wear, to the sheep-skin dresses ot the
Hottentots-—it is “voluntary” even that we
live and pay taxes at all, for we might escape
them by suicide ! But the freeman who labors
industriously and attends to business faithful-
ly has a right to be enabled to use sugar, wear
shirts, have decent clothing and enjoy life, the
gilt ofthe common Creator of us all; aye, and
such will defend that right: and, what is
worth a whole volume of speculations, they
have the means of doing it! the time being
fitted tor it, we w ill confidently make it known
to the planters and ship owners, that if the ta
riff bill of 1824 had not passed, the tax upon
imported sugar would have been reduced to
two cents per lb. and that, any deficiency in
the revenue which might have arisen from
that proceeding, (though we believe that
it might have increased the revenue by in
creasing the consumption of sugar,) would
have been more than compensated lor by
withdrawing the fleets of men-of war that are
kept abroad £br the protection of property in
ships and their cargoes These things would
not have taken place wholly on the retaliato
* The funnily of the writer of this consisting of nine
persons, consumes not less than 4.'>o lbs. a year The
tax that he pays Uien on augur is thirteen dollars od an
halfa year.
f It U a notorious fact, that every profitable manufac
turing establishment increases the consumption of for
eign luxuries or comforts. A msnufacturuig village of 3
or 400 people,consumes more coffee, tea, sugar, silks, ttc.
Hun Mt Hie
fVoL. 11. No. 21. —Whole No. 73.
ry principles, though th£ very worm that i»
trodden upon is allowed to turn, but because
of tho special rightfulness of them, circum
stanced as the grain-growing and manufactur
ing interests were._ If refused the means of
paying taxes,t it was their bounden duty to
reduce the amount of taxes .demanded.
is a quid pro quo which operates in everv con
dition of life ; and as the saying is, every pru
dent man will “cut his coat according to his
cloth. 1 Look at it’—here was Louisiana re
ceiving a “hot bed protection” of 1,320,(XX)
dollars a year, in a bounty paid by the people
on her sugar, and there were th« ship owners
defended at the cannon's mouth, at the cost to
the people of a much larger sum—the whole
trade to the Mediterranean, for example, not
taking off so much of gross value in our pro
ducts as the costs of tho fleets amount to—
and vet both these w re against the tariff bill
of 1824, intended for the encouragement of
our farmers and manufacturers, and supported
by their representatives iu congress, as tho
votes will yet shew! We would not either
“razee” the duty on sugar, or “tomahawis”
the navy—but those who "live should left
live.” No state in the union profits like Lou
isiana by the tariff—the price of tier cotton is
assisted by it, as we shall shew when we spealc
about that article, though she is supplied with
cotton goods at from 40 to 50 per cent, cheap
er than before the act of 1824 was passed;
but the direct and actual protection or
bounty which she receives, is equal to sixteen
dollars per head for every one of her people;
and were all the people of the United St ates
protected, the amount of protection would bo
in the sum of one hundred and sixty millions us
dollars a year! as before stated, and repeat and
that it may not be forgotten. No one can dis
pute this. And further, is a " monopoly” be
cause of climate in the south, less odious than
a “ monopoly” because of climate in the north,
or the west, or tho east? What is the sugar
planter better than the wool grower? Is it nol
quite asr nescessary to have clothes to shield
us from the cold of our winters, as sugar to
sweeten our coffee? But we desire both, nud
only ask, while the production of the last is
protected, that the growth and manufacture of
wool for the other may be encouraged; and
Louisiana who receives so liberally, should
instruct her senators and representatives to
giv a little. It is by mutual concessions and
accommodations that the peace of families
and societies is maintained; hut there is a dis
position wisely implanted in the human mind,
to require such concessions and accommoda
tions, between persons possessing equal rights,
and it operates in great things aR the writer
of this really put it into practice about two
years ago in a smaller affair: in returning from
my dinner, I was almost every
day, to meet a dandy Englishman just import
ed, (or eloped, as the case might he,) who
majestically strutted along the middle of tho
pavement. I gave way and went unthinking
ly to the right oi the left, lor a considera
ble time; hut, at last, was satisfied that ho
demanded this homage to his puppyishism.—
The next time when wc were about to pas-, I
kept the middle of the pavement—he came
on rapidly as usual with his head up and eyes
raised, and wholly unprepared to receive my
elbow, which he run afoul of, (having turned
myself half-round to acco.nmodaie him with
it,) and he nearly fell down in consequence—
being a lighter man than myself. He looked
wildly at me, I looked calmly at him, but not
a word was said—we passed, and ever after
that he conceded a part of the pavement to
me, as I had been quite willing to yield a part
of it to him or any other person, though black
and a slave. This familiar case, will 9erve as
well as the most elaborate one that could ho
stated, to shew the principle on which society
is sustained
We shall now present some filets and opin
ions bearing upon the present gre.it staple of
country ; whatever belongs to it is highly im
portant to every -section of our country and ;!l
description ot persons And on this occasion,
it may be proper to express out serious belief,
that, if the doctrines which wo have support
ed for so many years, have been beneficial to
any one class ofthe people more than another,
that class ’is the cultivators of cotton. It is
with much satisfaction, wc observe that many
of the planters begin to discover this, and that
a radical change of opinion may be speedily
hoped for A little while ago, or three or
four years since, tho people of the asteru
states devoted to commerce and navigation,
were as much opposed to the tariff for the en
couragement and protection of domestic man
ufactures, as those of the suthern states now
are. It has been demonstrated, that success
in manufactures has increased the commerce
and navigation of the cast, and was, also, ad
ding powerfully to tho wealth and population
of these states. But with how much more
reason may it he expected that they wili assist
the southern states, seeing that they even now
consume one fourth of the whole crop of cot
ton raised in them!
YVe have been lately honored with many
letters containing sentiments similar
in the extract wo are about to intro
duce, which is from one of the most highly
honored gentlemeu of the south, and which
came to hand since this article was in prepara
tion for the pres. He says—
There is a perfect coincidence of opinion
between us on the subject of protecting home
manufactures. But as the times are for the
cotton planters, (of whom l am otto in a small
way,) they would be much- worse hut for the
demand of our manufactories for the new ar
ticle. I should like to see more effectual pro
tection extended to the growth and manufac
ture of wool. These and suchlike measures