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VOLUME XLJil.J
MILLED EE VILLE, GEORGIA, DECEMBER II, 1872.
N U M B E R 20.
THE
Virion & gccorbcr,
IS PUBLISHED WEEKLT
IN MILLEDGEVILLE. GA.,
m
BOUGHTON, BARNES & MOORE,
At $2 in Advance, or $3 at end of the year.
S, N. EOUGSfTOJf, Editor.
TilH “FEDERAL UNION” Hud the “SOUTH-
j:liN RECORDER” were consolidated August 1st,
the Union ' i ing in i s Forty-Third Volume and
tl.u Recorder in it’s Kill y-Third Volume.
ADVERTISING.
Transient.—One Dollar persquare of ten lines for
first insertion, and seventy-live cents for each Bilbao
ijnent continuance.
Tributes of respect, KcMilutious by Societies,Obit-
narie- ex.' ting **' x lines, Nominations for otiioe,Com
munications or Editorial notice s tor individual benefit,
charged as transient advertising.
LEGAL ADVERTISING.
Sheriff’s Sales, per levy of ten lines, or less, $2 50
Mortg
Citations for 1
Application fo:
“ for
Notice to Debtors
Saies ot Laud, Aci
“ perishable pi
Kslray Not it
Folec Insure
Applications
ti fa sales, per square 5 00
liter.- of Administration, i. 3 00
Guardianship,.. 300
di mission from Administration, 3 00
“ •* Guardianship, 3 tMI
It ave to sell Land 5 00
Horn ssteftds 1 75
Irs and Creditors, 3 00
per squ ire 5 00
icrty, 10 days, per square,.. 150
■s. 30 days 3 00
Mortgage, per sq-, each t i me, 1 00
tor Homesteads, it WO Weeks,).... 1 75
LEG AL advertisements.
Sales of Land. Ac., by Administrators, Executors
or Guardians, are required by law to be held on the
first Tuesday lnllie moutlx, between tile hours of 10
in the forenoon and 5 in the afternoon, at the Court
House in the County in which the property is situated.
Notiee of these sales must be given m a public ga
xette -10 days previous to the day of sale.
Notices for the sale of personal property must be
given in like manner 10 days previous to sale day.
Notices to the debtors and creditors of an estate
must also be published 40 days.
Notice that application will be made to the Court of
Ordinary tor leave to sell Land, A e., inurt be publish
ed for two months. ...
Citations tor tetters of A !ufinistration. Guardianship,
A.O., must be published 30 days—for dismission from
Administration monthly three mouths—l'ordismissiou
from Guardianship, lb days.
Rules fur foreclosure of Mortgage must be publish
ed monthly for four months—for establishing lost pa
pers tor the full space of three mouths—for compell
ing titles from Executors or Administrators, where
bond has h> u given by the deceased, the full space ot
three months.
Publications will always be continued according to
these, the legal requirement- uiiiessotlierwise ordered
Book and Job Work; of ail kinds,
promptly and neatly executed
AT TIliN OFFICE.
Agents for Federal Union in New York City
GEO. P. ROWELL A CO.. No. 40 Park Row.
S. M. PETTiNl.il.L A* CO., 37 Park Row.
fy Messrs. Griffin & Hoffman. Newspaper
Advertising Agents. No. 4 Smith St., Haltimore, Aid.,
are duly authorized to contract for advertisements at
onr lowest rides. Advertisers in that City are request
ed to leave their favors with this house.”
c. H- WRIGHT & SON l PRESIDENT’S 51 ESS AGE.
REGULWTtGR
sr
Tbis ULrivalied Medicine is warranted not to con
tain a Hiuple particle of Mercury, or any injurious
mineral substance, but is
PURELY VSG3TA3L3.
For FOKTY YKARS it lias proved its great value
in all diseases ot the Liver. B*ivvel« and Kidneys.
Thouaauds of the ''ood aud great in all parts of the
country vouch for its wonderful and peculi k r power in
purifying the Blood, stiimilati.'g the torpid Liver and
Bowels, and imputing new L and Vigor to the
whole system. SIMMONS’ LSVLtt ltEULLATOK
is acknowledged to have no equal as a
liver asmszoif-rs.
It contains four medical elements, nev-r united in
the same Imppy proportion in nny oilier preparation,
viz: a gentle Cathartic, n wonderful Tonic, an unex
oeptionahle Alterative and a certain Corrective of all
impurities of the body. Suclt a -ignal -ueeess lias at
tended its rtse, that it is now regarded us the
Great Unfailing SpesiSc
for Liver Complaint and the painful offspring thereof,
to-wit: DYSPEPSIA, CO MS H PA CION, Jaundice,
Bilious attacks, SICK HEAltAi HE Colic, Depres
sion of Spirits, St)UR STOMACH, Heart Burn, &o.
Regulate the Liver aud prevent
CBILLS AN25 ?3VER.
Simmons’ &iver Slotrulator
Is manufactured only by
J. II. KfilMA .V
MACON, GA., aud PHILADELPHIA.
Price fl 00 per packago ; sent by mill, postage paid
25. Prepared ready for u4e iu b* : ties, ?1 50.
SOLD BY ALL DRUGGISTS.
Ey*Bewa»e of all Ceunterfeitsiaud I in rations.
Sept 17, 1872. 8 tin
OFFER FOR SALE
AT LOW RAT33S,
5.000 yards Heavy Bagging.
5 Tons of Arrow Ties.
16.000 lbs. of Flour, all grades.,
10.000 lbs. Bacon Sides.
1.000 lbs. X>caf Bard.
SUGAR AND COFFEE.
One Car Load Liverpool Salt to arrive.
A LARGE LOT OF HOLLOW WARE.
Hunt & Robinson Axes.
GOOD BOOTS AND SHOES
AT
FRED HAUG’S.
I
T HE undersigned runt in- t'
nest" enny .... m
BOO 1’ ANl) SHOE b-.-i- h ■.•V.4.
ness, in ail its branches, at Iti EiVM gs®’«i
the Fame old stand, ernbra- jftgz if A
cing a laiger vuriety than * 4*-q
heretofore.
Gentlemen will find every class of finish in Boots
and Shoes, warranted. Abo a good supply of
Ladies, Misses and &luidren’s Shoes
of all qualities and prices.
Understand, that none but first clas* goods ar«3 offer
ed, and having paid cash, great inducements are of
fered. •
Oentlomcn’s work mad- to order and .Repairing or
all kinds ueatly done us all old customers will testify.
FRED HAUG.
Milledgeville, Oct 8, 1872. 11 3m
To Arrive at t&ilicr’s,
The largest Stock English double Guns ever offered
in th. city.
Milledgeville, Ga., Nov. 26th. 187 '. 182t.
SEED RYE AND BARLEY.
Choice Goshen Butter in 2 1-2 lbs.
packages.
1,000 lbs. Canvassed Rams.
S7S.UF AND HOIASSBS.
Soaps and Candles.
All as good as tho best and as cheap r.s the cheap
est.
C. fl. WRIGI1T & SON.
Milledgeville, Sept 17,1872. 8 tf
NOTICE.
OTRAYED from my place near No. 13. Central
- ’ Railroad on Sun lay last. ONE DARK BAY
H- >RSi5 MULE, between the age of five and six years
with a white ring nronnd one of bis front feet. Any
one giving me any information of him, or taking him up
wilt be libornliy rewarded. Address me at Tennilie No.
13. Central Railroad. Georgia.
November 224, 1872. 18 2t. A. S. BARNES.
THU PLACE TO BUY!
SEYMOUR, TIINSLEY & CO.,
WHOLESALE OROCERS,
M^xooisr, ..... OEonoia.
VITE RECEIVE NEW GOODS DAILY. WE BUY FROM FIRST CLASS HANDS. WE PAY
TT Cat'll tor onr Goods. We are satisfied with’small profits. We guarantee goods as represented, -g We
want more business and can't afford to lose any ive have already. Try onr prices—Try our Goods.
- WM SIIAM BUSINESS.
Remember wheu yoa Come fo Macon don’t fail Call on
Macon, Sept 10, 1872.
SEYMOUR, TINSLEY & €0.
7 3m
W. H. HALL.
MEDICAL
I. L. HARRIS.
CAItD.
n OClORS II VLL & HARRIS have associated
themselves tor the Practice ot Medicine.
Office the one formerly occupied by Judge I. L.
Harris as a Law Office
UT Calls may bo left at their office day or night.
Milledgevilje, Aug 20. 1872. 4 3m
DRY COW HIDES WANTED!
JJIGHEST CASH PR. CBS
PAID FOR DRY
COW 11II >E.Sat the
Family Grocery of
T. A. CARAKER.
Milledgevilfe, Oct. 28, 1872. 14 3m
PARKER & COLLINS,
UI£L£I)tIEVIlI&, GA.
YI7TEL make you a g
' * for tSl.'i.X; „
with Ihe I
to Si I 7.5.
No "slop ’work done at any price. Repairing exe
cuted promptly and substantially.
Good wagons always on hand and for sale low.
TERMS CASH.
June 5lh, 1872. 46 7m
id Niilr-Niiring linger
a>l», ing tor 8145
■■■pro v emeu to ut lroiu $150
STOYE8,
Hardware, fyc.
4%
43®
JOSEPH STALEY
Has JUST RECEIVED a lot of
C () OKING S 7 () VES,
of the best manufactures, which lie will sell
Cheap for Cash.
Now w yonr time to get one as these stoves are ad
vancing in price.
He also has an assortment of
FAKMIWG Ift^rLBAXESTTS
CoDaibtinff ot Hoes, Spadin': Forks, Garden Lakes,
Guano St rowers, &e. f &c.
Also, Axes, Churns, Well-lJuckets, &c.
A general ass. itinent of
TIN v7ill*. 13, Cheap for Cash.
GUNS AND PISTOLS.
A full assortment of
Also, Hardware, Cutlery, and a variety of goods
loo tedious to mention.
Call and examine.
Milledgeville, Xov 19,1S70. jr 3m
JAMES G. BAILIE Ac BROTHER,
205 Broad Sited, Aut/nsta, Ga.,
ask your attention to a full line of the following goods, which will be soid as low as in any
R:
other Hoi;
CARPEI DEPARTMENT.
English Velvet Carpets,
English Brussels Carpets,
Three Ply and Ingrain Carpets,
Venetian Carpets,
Cheap Carpets,
Floor < >il Cloths,
Table Oil Cloths,
Stair Carpets and Rods,
Mattings, Druggets and Dxir Mats.
curtain department.
Curtain Materials.
Cornices and Bands,
Lace Curtains,
Muslin Curtains,
Window Shades, all sizes,
flair Cloths, all widths,
Wall Papers
and Borders,
Beautiful Cbromos.
Cat pels, Oti Cloths and Car lams made and laid at short notice.
Sept. 24.1572. 9 6m.
EROCEBV PEPAKTMEXr
Choice Family
Groceries,
received weekly,
Duffieid Hams,
English Crackers,
Dyspeptics’ Food,
Baskets of all kinds, Wood Ware,
Brooms and Brushes,
Plantation Supplies-
GEORGIA MILLS!
FLOUR TO THU TRADE.
JSP’We are now prepared io supply the trade with our celebrated brands ot
Wiley's
Pearl Dust, Hyacintlie and Amber,
In any quantify. We make the I JEST FLOUR in the market,
And our PRICE LTST will compare favorably with those of any first-class Western Mill?. QT We keep al
ways on hand BRAN and ^11( >KT»S oi' a Superior Quality. Your orders will receive prompt attention.
BOMt & IXANOEBS,
November 5th, 1872.
MACON, GA.
The Oldest Furniture House in the State.
PLAT
BROTHERS,
2/2 and 2/5 71120A3) S272EN2,
GEORGIA,
AUGUST
K' t-p constantly on hand flic latest styles of
lowest to the highest grades.
Of every variety manufactured, from the tho lowest to the highest grades.
AND
Library Suits Complete, or in Single Pieces,
At Pri<*sS which cannot fait to suit the purchaser.
Nov. 12,1872. 16 6m.
R. E. Me REYNOLD S,
ZMEHSTiSjiffi *3?XS5T,
C AN be found in nis office over Carakor'a Storo
at all times -ehcre he will take great pleasure
in waiting a, l '' !l ° may favor him with their kind
patronage >*d will guarantee satisfaction in all opera-
1 °s«- 17, 1872. 8 3m.
FOR SALE
rFHK RESIDENCE of the late Isaac
A Newell, Sr., in thorough repair, two
a*ree of ground attai in-d, with Stables, Gut-Houses,
®c.,&c. The most desirable Residence in the city,
nathemost convenient, both ns to location and do-
estic comfort. W ill he sold cheap. Those wishing
.A n 7 ,V!| I ph ase call on the sufiscribcr, who will
taae pleasure in showing them the premises.
„ T. F. NEWELL,
MiUedgeyffie, Ga., Oct. SSlli, 1872, 112m.
THOMAS WOOD,
JVext to Lanier House, Macon, Ga.
DEALER IN
FINE FURNITURE, CHAIRS, MATRESSES, BEDSTEADS,
and SPRING BEDS.
Wood^Top^ SUITES, iu Flush Hair, Cloth aad Reps. BED-ROOM SUITES io great vanety, Maible aud
OAI1PETS.
A FINE aBSoriment of Brass. Is, Tapestries, .’Tplv. 2 ply, W T ool Dutch, Cottage and Hemp Rugs, Mats and
Curtains, Lauibraquins, mada to order in any style. Window shades, Wall P
Druggets.^ Nottingham Lace Curtain , n , „
per, Oil Cloths, (table and floor) Matting, etc., etc. Ail the above at exceedingly law prices.
FISK’S Patent Metallic Bnrial Cases and Ca-kets, the best invention known for preserving the dead. Aiso,
SELF-SEALING Metalic Cases and Caskets (t wo patents) elegantly finished and handsomest in the market.
Washington, December 2,1672.
To the Senate
and House, of Representatives :
In transmitting to you this ray fourth annual
Message, it is with thaakfulnes to the Giver of all
good that, as a nation, we have been blessed for
the past year with peace at home, peace abroad,
and a general prosperity vouchsafed to but fsw
people With the exception of the recent devas
tating fire, which swept from the earth, with a
breadth as it were, millions of accumulated wealth
in the city ot Boston, there ban been no over
shadowing calamity within the year to record, it
is gratifying to note how, like their fellow,cit-
zens of the city of Chicago, under similar circum
stances a year earlier, the citizens of Boston are
rallying under their misfortunes, and the prospect
ibat llieir energy and perseverance will overcome
ail obstacles and show the same prosperity soon
that they would had no disaster befallen th.m —
Otherwise we have been free from pestileuce, war
and calamities which often overtake nations ; and
as tar as human judgment can peuetaate the fu
ture, no cause seems to exist to threateu onr pres
ent peace.
ALABAMA CLAIMS.
When Congress adjourned iu June last, a ques
tion had been raised by Great ilriiain, aud was
then pending, which for a time seriously imperill-
sd the settlement by friendly arbitration of the
grave differences between this government and
lhat of Her Bri'annic Majesty’s which by the
treaty of Washington had been referred to tho tri
bunal ol arbitration, winch had met al Geneva, in
Switzerland. The arbitrators, however, disposed
of the question which had jeopordiz. J the whole
of tue treaty and threatened to involve the two
nations in a most unhappy relation to each oilier,
iu a manner entirely satisfactory to Ibis govern
ment, and in accordance with the views and the
policy which it had maintained. The tribunal
which had convened at Gem va, iu December,
coneleded its laborious session on the 5th of Sep
tember last, on which day, having availed itsaif of
tbe discretionary power given to it by tho treaty
to award a sum in gross, it made iis decision
whereby it awarded the sum of fifteen million
live hundred thousand dollars in gold as tho iu.
demnity to be paid by Great Britain to the United
States for the satisfaction of all the claims referred
to its cousideratiou. This decision happily dis
posed of a loeg standing diff- lenco between the
governments, and in connection with another
award ina^o by the Geiman Emperor, under a ref
erence to him by the same treaty, leaves these two
governments without a shadow upon the friendly
r.iaiions which it is my sincere hope, may forever
remain equally uncluuded. The loport of the
agent of the United States, appointed to the
amended Geneva Tribunal, accompanied by the
protocols of the proceedings of the arbitrators, the
arguments of the counsel of both goverments, the
award of the tribunal aud the opiuion given by the
several arbitrators is transmitted herewith.
i have caused to bo communicated to the heads
of the three friendly Powers who complied with
the joint request made upon them under the
treaty, the thanks of the government for the ap
pointment of arbitrators made by them, and also
my thanks to the eminent personages named by
them, and my appreciation of the dignity, pa*
tience, impartiality aud great ability with which
they discharged their arduous and high func
tions. Her Majesty's government has communi
cated to me the appreciation by Her Majeslyof
the ability anil indefatigable industry displayed
by Mr Adams, the arbitrator named on the part of
this government, during ttu prjtraeted inquiries
and discussions of the tribunal. 1 cordially unite
with Her Majesty in the appreciation. It is due
to the agent oi the United (Slates before tho tribu
nal to record my high appreeiatiuu of tho marked
ability, unwearied patience and the prudence aud
discretion with which he has conducted toe very
responsible and delicate cuti. s committed to
him, as it is also dn- to the learned and eminent
counsel who attended the tribuuai on Ihe part of
this government, to express my sense of the tal
ents and wisdom which they [nought to bear in
the attainment of the result so happily readied.
It will be the province of Congress to provide
for the distribution among those who may be en
titled to it their respective share of the money to
be paid. Although the sum awarded is not paya -
bis until a year from tbe date of tho award, it is
deemed advisable that no rime be lost in making
a proper examination of the several cases in which
indemnification may be due I conscquemly re-
commeud the creation of a Boatd of Commission
ers for the purpose*
ll_v the thirty.-.fourth article of the treaty of
Washington, the respective claims of the United
States and of Great Britain, in their construction
of the treaty ot the loth of June, le4fi, defining
the boundary line between their respective territo.
rit-s were submitted to the arbitration and award of
His Majesty tbe Emperor of Germany, to decide
which of those claims is most in accordance with
the due interpretation of the treaty of 1546.
His Majesty the Emperor of Germany having
beeu pleased to undertake the arbitration, has the
earnest thanks ot this government and of the peo
pie of the United States fur tbe labor, pains and
care which he has devoted to the consideration of
this long pending difference, and I have caused an
expression of my thanks to he communicated to
liis Majesty.
Mr. Bancroft, the ^representative of tho govern
ment at Berlin, conducted the ease aud prepared
the statement on tbe part of the United States,
witli the ability that his past services justified the
public in expecting at his hands as a member of
the Cabinet at the date, of the treaty, whieh has
given rise to the discussion between the two gov
ernments. As the Minister to Great Britain when
the construction now pronounced unfounded was
first advanc d, aud as the agent aud representa
tive of tho government, aud to present the case
and to receive the award, he has been associated
with the question in all of its phages, and in every
stage has manifested a patriotic zeal and earnest
ness iu tbe inaintainauce of the claim of the Uni
ted States. He is eutitled to much credit for the
success which has atieudod the submission, after
a patient investigation of the case, and of the
statements of each party. His Majesty the Empe
ror, on tlie 21st day of October last, signed his
award iu writiug, decreeing tLe claim ol the gov
ernment of the United htates, that the bouudary
line between the territories of Her Britauic Maj
esty and the United Btates should be drawn
tnrougb Haro Channel as most iu accordance
with the true interpretation ol lhe treaty eonclu
ded on the loth of June, 1846, between the gov
ernments of Her Britauic Majesty and the United
billies. Copies of the case are presouted on be
half of each government, and of the statement on
the reply of each, aud a translation of the award
are transmitted herewith.
This award confirms the United States in their
claims to the important archipelago ol islands ly
ing between the continent and Vancouver's Is
land, which for more than twenty-six years—ever
since the ratification of tue treaty—Great Britain
has contested, and leaves us, for tho first time in
the history of the United States, as a nation, with
out u question of disputed boundary between cur
territory and the possessions of Great Britain on
this continent.
It is my greatest duty to acknowledge the
prompt aud spontaneous action ot Her Majesty’s
government in giving effect to the award iu an
ticipation of any request trom tbe government aud
before tbe reception in the United States of tbe
award signed by the Emperor. Her Majesty bad
given instructions for ihe removal of her troops
which had been stationed there, aud for the cessa
tion of all exercise or claim of jurisdiction, so as
to leave the United States in ttie exclusive pos
session of the lately disputed t rritory. I am
grateful to be able to announce that the orders for
the removal of tbe troops have beeu executed, aud
that tbe military joint occupation of (San Juan has
ceas-d, and tbe islands are now in the exclusive
possessiou ot the United States.
It now becomes necessary to complete the sur
vey and determination of that portion of the boun
dary iine through the Haro Channel upon which
tbe commission which determined the remaining
part of the line were unable to agree ; aud 1 re
commend tLe appointment of a commission to act
jointly with one which may be named by Her
Majesty for that purpose. The' experience of tbe
difficulties attending tbe termination of our ad
mitted line of boundary att-ir the occupation of
the territory and its settlement by those owing
allegiance to the respective governments, points
to the importance of establishing by natural ob
jects or other monuments, the actual iine between
the territory acquired by purchase trom Russia or
adjoining possessions ol Her Britaaic Majesty.—
The region is now so sparsely occupied that no
coufiictiou of interests olindiviJuai or of jurisdic
tion are likely to interfere to delay or cause any
embarrassment of tbe actual Iocattioa ot line. If
deferred until the population shall enter and oc
cupy the territory, some trivial contest of neigh
bors may again array the two governments in an
tagonism, and I therefore recommend the appoint
ment of a commission to act jointly with one that
may be appointed on the part of Great Britain, to
determine the line between our territory of Alaska
and the possession of Great Britain.
THE FISHERIES.
of Britain aaj its possessions had uotthoD been had,aud
during the session of Congress a question was r&isod,
which fur the time, raised a doubt whether a»y action
by Congress in the direction IndioateJ would become
important. This question has since bees disposed of,
and I have received notice that the Imperial Parlia
ment and the Legislatures of the Provincial Govern
ments have passed laws to carry tlie provison- of the
treaty ou the matters referred to into operation. I.
therefore, recommend yr.nr early adoption of the leg
i-lation in the same direction necessary on the part of
this government
The joint oommission for determining the boundary
'ine be'wten tho United States aud the British posses
sions, between the Lake of Woods and the Rocky
Mountains, has organized and entered upon its work.
It is desirable that the force be increased in order that
Ihe completion of the survey and determination of the
line may be sooner attained. To this end 1 recom
mend that a sufficient appropriation be made.
RELATIONS WITH ROREIGM POWERS.
With France, onr earliest ally: Russia, the constant
and steady friend to the United States; Germany, with
whose government and people we have so many
causes ot friendship, and so many common sympa
thies, aud with other powers of Enrope, relations are
maintained of the most friendly terms.
Since my last annual massage tue exchange has
been made of ratifications of a treaty with the Austrian-
Hungarian Empire relating to naturalization; also of
a treaty with the German Emperor respecting consuls
aud trade |marks; also of a treaty with Sweden and
Norway, relating to the naturalization, of which ties
ties have been duly proclaimed.
Congress at its last session having made an appropri
ation to oarry the expenses of Commissioners on the
part of the U. S. to the International statistical Congress
at St. Petersburg, the persons appointed in that, char
acter proceeded to their destination and attended the
session of the Congress. Their report shall in due
season be laid before yon. As this Congress meets at
intervals of about three years, and holds its sessions
in‘.he several countries of Enrope, I submit to year
consideration the propriety of extending an invitation
to the Congress to bold its next meeeling iu trie United
States. The Centennial Celebration to be held in
1576 would afford an appropriate occasion for such a
meeting.
VIES SA EXroSITIOIf.
Preparations are making for an International Expo
sition to be held during next year in Vienna on a
scale of very great magnitude. " As the tendency of
these expositions is in the direction of advanced civi
lization, of the elevation of industry and labor, and of
the increase of human happiness, as well as greater
will b.
intercourse and good will' between nations, and as
this exposition will he the first which will have been
held in Eastern Europe, it is believed that American
inventors aud manufacturers will be ready to avail
themselves of the opportunity for the presentation of
their productions, and will be afteonrged by proper
aid and protection. At the last session of Congress
authority was given for the appointment of oae or more
ageLts to represent this government at the exposition.
The authority thus given has been exercised, but in
the absence of nnyjappropnation, there is danger that
the important benefits whieh the occasion offers wiii,
in a large degree be lost to the citizens of the United
Stat.s. I recummeuffthesubjectstrongly to yotircon
sideration, and recommend that an adequate appro
priation be made for the purpose of further aiding
American exhibitors at tho Yieuua Exposition. 1 would
recommend, in addition to an appropriation ct money,
that the Secretary of the Navy be authorized to fit up
two naval vessels to transport between our Atlantic
cities and Triest, or other most convenient part of Vi-
euua and back, their articles for exhibit ion.
MEXICO.
Since yonr last session, the President of the Mexican
Republic, distinguished by his high character aDd by
bis services to his country, has died. His temporary
successor has been elected with great unanimity by
the people, which is a proof of confidence on their
part in his patriotism and wisdom, which it is believed
will be confirmed by the resnit of his administration.
It is particularly desirable that nothing should be left
undone by the government of their Republic to
strengthen their relations as neighbors and friends. It
is much regretted that many lawless acts continue to
disturb the quiet of the settlements on the border be
tween our territory and that of Mexico, and complaints
of wrong to American citizens in various parts of that
country are being made. The revolutionary condition
in which our neighboring Republic has so long been
involved. Las in some degree contributed to this dis
turbance, and it is to be hoped that, with the more
settled rule of order through the Republic which may
be expected from the prebent government, the acts of
which just complaints are made, will cease.
The proceedings of the Commission under the con
vention with Mexico, of the 4th of Jnly, 1868, on the
subjeetjof claims, have unfortunately been checked by
an obstacle, for the renewal of which measures have
been taken by the two governments, which it is be
lieved wiil prove successful.
visions forth* relief of distressed seamen in foreign
counties. No similar provision has hitherto been
made for the relief ot citizens indistriss abroad other
than seamen. It is understood to be customary with
o.her governments to authorize their Consuls to ex
tend such relief to their citizens or subjects m certain
oases. A similar authority, and an appropriation to
carry it into effect are recommended in the case of
citizens of the United Stales, destitute or sick. It is
well known lhat such citizens resort to foreign coun
tries in great uumbers, and though most of them are
able to bear the expenses incideut to locomotion there,
some through accident or otherwise,become penniless
and have no friends at home able to succor them.
Persons iu this situation must either perish, or ccrt
themselves upon the mercy of loreignera, or be re
lieved at the private charge of our own officers,
wuo usually, even with the most benevolent disposi
tions, have no tiling to spare for such purposes. Should
the authority and appropriation asked for be granted,
care wiil be taken to carry the beneficence of Con
gress into effect that it shall not be unnecessarily or
uuwortuily bestowed.
THE TREASURY.
The moneys received and conveyed into tho Treasu
ry during the fiscal year indiug June 30, 1872, were
from customs $216,370,286 77: tfom sales of lands, $2,-
575,714; from internal revenue, $130,642,177 72; from
tax on national bank circulation, $652,33;'.639; from Pa
cific Railroad Company, $7t ,986,187; from customs,
fines, etc , $113,644,234; from fees, consular patent
laud, etc., $1,183,095 92; from miscellaneous sources,
$ tO,412,25191—total ordinary receipts, $46,469,422,-
991; from prera.um on sales of coin $9 f 1,2n3,765; total
net receipts, $37,410,686,756; balance iu tlie Treasury
Juue 30, i87i, $10,893,570,759, inoiu'.liug $1,822,83j ie-
ceived from unava table and total available cash $464,
012.573 lo.
l iie net expenditnrn by warrants during tlie same
period weie for civil expenses, $16,187,059 20 :Jfnr for
eign intercourse, $1,839,3b9 14; for Indians, $7,061,-
728 82, for pensions, $28 533,402 79; for military estab
lishment, including fortifications, river and harbor im
provements and arsenals, $3,.'i377215 72; for naval es
tablishment*, including vessels and machinery aud im
provement at navy yard.*, $21,249,999 00; for misceiia-
ueous, civil, loclu' ing public buildings, light houses
and collecting revenue, $42,958,329 08; for interest ou
the public debt, $117,357,839 72; total, exclusive of
principal and premium ou public debt, $270,559,695 91;
b.i auce in the Treasury June 301b, 1872, $106,564,-
346 94; total. $ 184,042,573 1 5.
From the foregoing statement, if appears that the uet
reduction oi the principal of ihe debt during the fiscal
year, dated June 30th, 1872, was $99,960,253 54. The
sum ces of this reduction is as follows: Net ordinary re
ceipts during the year, $364,694,*229 91; net ordinary
xpenditures, including interest on the public debt,
70,559,695 91, leaving vsurplus ruvenueof $94,134,-
34 00. Add tho amount received from premiums aud
su.es of gold in exitess of the premium paid iu bonus
purchased, $21,540,370 89, add the amount of the re-
ducrion of tlie cash balance at the close of the year,
accompanied with ti.e same at the commencement of
the year, $3,371:348 65, acd iho total is $99,960,253 54.
Ti is slutsmeut treats solely of the principal of the
public debt. By the monthly statement of the public
debt, which adds together tne priucipai intoiest ac
crued to dale, not due, aud deduct* the cash in the
1 ressnry, as aseei mined on tho day of publication, the
reduction was $100,544,49. ‘28. The souree of this re
daction is as folio as ; Reduction in principal account,
$s9,960,003 54; redu tion in unpaid interest aocoun',
*3,330,952 96; grand total, $103,290,9.56 50, reduc
tion in cash ou hand, $2,746,465 22; grand total $100,-
544,491 28. On the basis of the last table the state
ment show a reduction of the public debt, fiom the
1st of March, 1869, to the present time, as follows:
From March 1st, 1869, to March 1st, 1870, $87,134,-
782 84 ; from March 1st, 1870, to March 1st, 1871,
$117,619,63!) 25; from March 1st, 1871, to March 1st.
1872, $91,895,248 04; from March 1st, 1872, to Novem
ber 1st, 187*2, eight months, $61,047,237 84. Total,
$363,696,999 S7.
With the great reduction of taxation by the acts of
Congress at its last session, the expenditures of the
government in collecting the revenue will be much re
duced for the next fiscal year. It is very doubtful,
however, whether any further reduction of so vexa
tious a burthen upon any people will be practicable
for the present. At all events, as a measure of justice
to the holders of the nation’s certificates of indebted
ness, I would recommend lhat no more legislation be
had on this subject, unless it be to correct errors of
omission, or commission in the present laws, until suffi-
t-bat they are not only of national intern t, |. ut that
when completed they wilt be of a value ocranicaeurate
with their c.*»st.
That production increases more rrnh'ly than the
means of transportation in our country, has been de
monstrated by past experience, and Hint the c.npreoe-
den’edgrowth in p- pulation and the products of the
whole country wi'l require additional fncilit es and
cheaper ones for the more bulky articles of commerce
to reach tide water and a market, will bo deu'itnded in
the near future, is equally demonstrated. I would,
therefore suggest a Committee of Commission to bo
authorized to consider this whole quest ion, and tore-
port to Congress at soma future day. for its better
guidance in legislating on this important subject.
The railroads of the country bave been rapidly
extended daring the last lew years, to meet the
growing demands of producers, uuu reflect much
credit upon the capitalist* and managers in their
construction. In addition to these, a project to
facilitate commerce by the building of a ship ca
nal around Niagara Falls, on tbe United States
side, which has been agitated for many years, will
no doubt be called to your attention this season.
Looking to the great future growth of the coun
try and tbe increasing demands of commerce, it
might be well, while on this subject, not ouiy to
have examined and reported upon the various
practicable routes connecting the Mississippi river
with tide water ou the Atlantic, but tho feasibility
of au almost continuous laud-lucked navigation
from Maine to the Gall* of Mexico* Such a route
along our coast would be of great value ut all
limes, and of inestimable value in esse of a foreign
war. Nature has provided tho greater part of
this route, and the obstacles to bo overcome nro
easily within tbe skill of tho engineer.
I have not alluded to this subject with tho
view of having any further expenditure of tho
public money at this Lime than may be necessary
to procure and place all the necessary informa
tion before Congress in an authentic form, to en
able it hereafter, if deemed practicable and wor
thy, to legislate on the subject without delay.
NAVY DEPARTMENT.
The report of the Secretary of the Xavy here
with accompanyiugtexplains fully the condition of
that branch ot the public service, its wants and
deficiencies and increased expenses dining the
past year, appropriations for the same. It also
gives a complete history of the service ol the na.y
lor the past year, iu addition to its regular ser
vice. It is evident that unless early steps sre
taken to preserve our navy, that in u very few
years the United States will ho the weakest na
tion upon the ocean of all the Great Pi'.vers-—
With an energetic, progressiva business people
like ours, peneiratiug aud forming business re
lations with every part of the known world, a na
vy strong enough to command the respect of our
flag abroad is necessary for the rati pi erection of
their right. I recommend tho careful considera
tion by Congress of the recommendations made
by the Secretary of tho Navy
POST OFFICE DEPARTMENT.
The commissioners appointed pnrsuunt to a joint res
olution ot Congress of the 7th of May last, to inquire
into the depredations ou the Texan frontier, have dill
In my lastj annual message, I recommended that
legislation was neeessary on the part of the United
Slates to bring into operation the articles of the
treaty of Washington of May 8tli. 1872, relating to
the fi'-:lieriee, and to other matters touching the reie.tioas
of the United States toward British North American
Coffins and Caskets in Rosewood, Mahogau'y', Black "Walnut, Cedar a ud eommoa woods. Ail at greatly j possessions, which would become operative so soon as
reduced prices. CALL AND SEE. I keep a full assortment of all goods i it my line. propei- legislation should be had on the part of Great
Koveuibo; oth, * Hum. | Untom ttuu us possessions. Xlutt legislation on tho port
gentiy made investigations in that qnarter. Their re
searches were necessarily ineompleto, partly ou ac
count ottlie limited appropriation made by Congress.
Mexico, on the part of that government, has appointed
a Search Commissioner to investigate tbe outrages- It
isnotaun.-unced officially, but the President of that
country says the fullest investigation is desired, aud
the co-operation ot all parties concerned is iuvited to
secure that end. Therefore I reeotninend a special
appropriation at the earliest day practicable to ena
ble the commissioners ou the part of the United States
to return to their labors without delay.
CUBA.
It is with regret I have again to announce the cod-
tinHauce of the disturbed condition of the island oi
Cuba. No advance toward the pacification of the dis
contented part of the population has been made, while
tbe insurrection has gained no advantages, and ex
hibits no moie tbe elesaents of its power of ultimate
success than was exhibited a year ago. Spain, on the
other hand, lias not succeeded in suppressing the in-
surrection, and both parties stand apparently in the
same relation to eacli other, which they have occupied
for so long a time. The contest has lasted now for
more than four years, aud were it at a distance from
our neighborhood, we might be indifferent to the re
sult although it could not be removed oy marking its
incidents whenever they might occur. It is however,
at our door, and I cannot doubt that the continued
maintenance of slavery in Cuba is among the strong
est inducements for the continuance of this strife.
A terrible wrong is the natural cause of a terrible
evil. The abolition of slavery and the introduction of
other reforms in the administration of the government
in Cuba, could not fail to advance the restoration of
peace and order, and it is greatly to be hoped that the
present liberal government in Spain will voluntarily
adopt this view. The taw of emancipation which
was passed more than two years since, has remained
unexecuted in absence of regulations for its enforce
ment. It was but a feeble SLep toward emancipation,
but it was a recognition of rights, and was hailed as
such, and exhibited Spain in harmony with humanity
and of justice, aud in sympathy with tlie other pow
ers of the Christian and civilized world.
Within the past few weeks, regulations for carrying
out the law of emancipation have been announced,
giving evidence of the sincerity of the intention of
the present government to carry into effect the laws
ot 1870. I have not failed to urge tbe consideration
of the wisdom of the policy of Ihe justice of a more
effective system for the abolition of the great evil
whic h oppresses the race and continues a bloody and
destructive contest close to our border, as well as tbe
expediency and justice of conceding reforms, of which
the piopriety is not questioned. I am deeply impresseu
willi the conviction that the continuance ot elaveiy is
ouoot the most active causes of the continuance of
the unhappy condition in Cuba, end I regret to be
lieve that cilizeus of the United States, or those claim
ing to b> such, are large holders in Cuba of wnat is
there claimed as property, but which is forbidden and
denounced by the laws of the United States, and that
they are Ibus, in defiance of the spirit of our iaws, con
tributing to the continuance of this distressing ami
sickening contest.
In my last annual message I referred to this subject,
aud I again recommended such legislation aa may be
proper to denounce and, if not prevent, at least to
discourage American citizens from holding or dealing
in slaves. It is gratifying to announce that the ratifi
cations of ttie convention conoladed under the auspices
ot Uiis government between Spain on the one point,
aud the allied Republics of tbe Pacific on the other,
providing for an armistice, bave been exchanged. A
copy of the instrument is herewith submitted, and it
is to be hoped that this may be followed by a perma
nent peace between the same parties.
The differences which at one time threatened the
maintenance of peace between Brazil and tlie Argen
tine Republic, it ia hoped, are to tne way of satisfac
tory adjustment With these States, as with the Re
publics of Central and South America, we continue to
maintain tlie most friendly relations. It is with re
gret, however, I announce that the government of
Venezuela has made no further payments on account
of the awards made under tbe convention of the 25th
of April, 1866. That Republic is understood to be
now almost, if not quite, tranquil, and it is hoped that
it will lose no time in providing for the unpaid bal
ance of ; ts debt to tho United States, which, having
originated in injuries to our citizens by the Venezue
la:; authorities, and having been acknowledged pursu
ant to a treaty in the most solemn form Known among
nations, and which would seom to deserve a preference
over debts of a different origin, contracted in a differ
ent manner. This subject is agaiu recommended to
the attention of Congress for such action as may be
dimmed proper.
JAPAN.
Onr treaty relations with Japan remain unchanged.
An imposing embassy trom that interesting and pro
gressive nation has been visiting this country during
the year that is passing, but, being uuproviue.l with
powers for the signing of a convention in this coumry,
no conclusion iu that direction was reached. It Is
hoped, however, thaqthe interchange of opinions which
took place during their stay io this country has led to
a mutual appreciation of the interests which may be
promoted when the revision of the existiug treaty
shall be undertaken in this connection I leuew my
recommendation of a year ago that, to give impor
tance and add to tbe efficiency of onr diplomatic rela
tioQs with Japan and China, and to further aid in re
taining the good opinion of those people, and to secure
to the United States its share of the commerce destin
ed to flow between those nation* and the balance of
the commeiciai world, an appropriation be made to
support at least one American youth in each of those
countries, to serve as a partot tne official family of
our Ministers there. Our repreeeualivee would not
eveu then be held upon an equality with the repre-
tativos, of Great Britain, nor of some other powers.
As now situated, our representatives in Japan aud
China have to depend for interpreters and translators
upon natives of those countries, who know our lan
guage imperfectly, or procure for the occasion the ser
vices of employees in foreign business booses, or the
interpreters of other foreign ministers.
1 renew my recommendation made on a previous
occasion, of the transfer to the Department of the In
terior, to which they soeoi more appropriately to be
long, of all the powers and duties in relatiou to Terri
tories, and with which the Department of .State is uow
charged. By the taw, or by o us tom, Congress from
tho beginning if the government tiaa wisely utadc pro-
eieut time has elapsed to prove that it can be dune,
and still] leare sufficient revenue to meet the current
expenses of goverupicnt. pay the interest on the pub
lic debt, and provido for the sinking fund eotabli-hod
by law.
i’he preservation of our nationai credit is of the
highest importance. Next in importance lo this comes
a solemn duty to provide a national currency of fixed,
unvarying value as compared with gold, as suou as
practicable, having due regard tor the interests of the
debtor class, and tho vicisbitudes of trade and com
merce, convertible nto gold at par.
THE War department.
Tile report of tne Secretary of War shows the ex
penditure ot the War Department for the fiscal year
ending June 3llth, 1871, to be $3,579,991 82, and tor the
fiscal year ending June 30th, 1872, to be $35,372,15720
showing u reduciiou iu favor of the last fiscal year of
$42, ,334 62. The estimates for military appropriations
lorllienext fiscal year ending Juue 30th, 1874, are
$33,801,478 78 Tne estimates of the Cbiets of
Engineeis are submitted separately, as also for fortifi
cations, river and harbor improvements, aDd for pub
lic buildings and grounds, and the Washington aeque-
ducts.
The affairs of the Freedmen’s Bureau have ail been
transferred to the War Department, and regulations
have been pat into execution for tho speedy payment
ot the bounty, pay, etc., due colored sot-tiers, and
properly coming under that bureau All war accounts
for money aud property prior to 1871, nave been ex*
amined and transmitted to the Treasury for final set
tlement.
During the fiscal year there has been paid for trans
portatiou on railroads $1,390,000, of winch $306,857 was
over the Pacific railroads; for transportation by water,
$626,373 52, atm by stage $4,897,585; and for tho pur
chase aud transportation of animats, wagoas, hire of
teamsters, etc., $924,t>uO 61.
About $370 Ooil have boon collected from Southern
railroads during the year, leaving about $1,900,000
still due.
Tbe Quartermaster has examined and transmitted to
the accounting officer for selllement $367,712 72 of
claims by loyal citizens for Quartermaster’s stores
taken during ihe war. Subsistence and supplies to tlie
amount ot $3,91)4,81*2, have been issued to tho Indians.
The annual average mean strength of the army was
24,101 white and 2 494 colored soldiers. The total
deaths for the year reported were 367 white and 51
colored. The distribution of the “Medical and Surgi
cal History of the War’ is yet to be ordered by Con
gress.
There exists an absolate necessity for a medical corps
of tho full number established by act of Congress of
July28,1866, there being now fifty—nine vacancies,
uuu the number of successful candidates rarely exceeds
eight orton in any one year.
MISCELLANEOUS HATTERS.
The river and harbor improvements have been car
ried on with energy ami economy, though many are
only partially completed. The results have saved to
commerce with the greater depth of channels, a greater
security m navigation, anil the saving of time adds mil
lions to Lhe wealth of the country and increases the
resources of tlie government, the Dridge across tiio Mis-
siissppi river at Rock Island nas beeu completed, anil
tlie p oper site has been determined upon lor the
briuge nt La Crosse. Tue able ami exhaustive report
made by the Commissioner appointed to investigate
the 3utro Tunuet has beeu transmitted to Congress.
Tueonservatiuns and reports ot the Signal office have
been continued, and stations have been maintained at
eacn of tho principal lake, seaport aud rivei cities. Ten
additional stations have beeu established in the Un
tile Stales, and arrangements have been made for au
exchange of reports with Canada, aud a similar ex
change of observations is contemplated with tho West
India Islands.
The favorable attention of Congress is invited to the
following reoommondatious ot the Secretary ot War
A discontinuance of the appointment of extra lieuteu
ants to serve as Aujutant* aud Quartermasters; the
adoption of a eo le providing specific penalties for
well defined offences, so that the inequality of senten
ces au judged by courts-mat tial may be adjusted. the
consolidation of aocounts under which expenditures arc
made, as a measure of economy; an appropriation of
the money for the construction of a depot ut San An
tonio, the title to the site being now perfected; a spe
cial act placing the cemetery at the City of Mexico on
tne same basis as other national cemeteries; anthority to
purehasesites for military posts in Texas; the appoint
ment of commissary sergeants from the non-commis
sioned officers, as a measure fur securing the better
care anil protection of supplies; an appropriation for
the publication of tne catalogue aud tables of the uu-
utoumtica! section of tbe Army Medical Museum; au
appropnati in ot the amount for the manufacture ot
breech loading arms, should the selection be so delay
ed Dy the board ot officers ns to leave the former ap
propriation uuexpeuded at the end of the fiscal year;
the sale of such arsenals east of the Mississippi as can
be spared, and tue proceeds applied to the es
tablishment of one large arsenal for construc
tion and repair upon the Atlantic coast, and the
purchase of a .suitable site fora proving and experi
mental ground for heavy ordinance; tbe abrogation of
iaws which deprive inventors in tiie United States ser
vice from deriving any benefit from their inventions;
the repeal of the law prohibiting promotions in the staff
corps-, a continuance of the work upon coast defences;
repeal of the seventh section of the Act otjjmy 13,
I860, taking bom engineer soldiers the per diem grant
ed to other troops; limitation of time for presentati-jo
of oid warclaiins for suosis ence supplies unde, tbe act
of July 4,1864; and a modification iu tho mode of the
selection of cadets for the Military Academy, in older
to entrance the usefulness of tbe Academy, which is im
paired by reason of the iarge amount of lime necessa
rily expeuded in giving new cadets a thorough knowl
edge of the mere elementary branches ot learning,
winch they should acquire before entering tbe Acad
emy, also an appropriation for philosophical apparatus;
an increase innuinber and pay of the Military Acade
my band.
f he attention of Congress will be called during the
present session to various enterprises for tbe more cer
tain and cheaper transportation of the constantly in
creasing surplus of Western and Southern products lo
the Atlantic and seaboard. The subject is one that
will lores itself upon tlie legislative branch of the gov
ernment sooner or later, and I suggest, therefore, that
immediate steps be taken to gam all available infor
mation to insura equable aud just legislation. One
route to connect lira Mississippi Valley with the Atlan
tic at Charleston, 8 C.,Savannah, Ga., by tlie way
ot the Ohio and Teunessee rivers, and canals and slack
water navigation to tbe Savannah aud Oomuigee riv
ers—has beeu surveyed, and a report made by an ac
complished engineer, an officer of tbe army,
bwoud aud third new routes will be proposed lot
the consideration of Congress, namely; Au exLemiou
of the Kauawna and James River Caual to the Oiuo
aud an extension, of„ the Chesapeake aud Ohio Ca
nal. I am not prepared to reoommoud government aid
to tb@40 ot vtisw hiiteiptiood until it id clearly shown
The accompanying report of the Postmaster
General furnishes a full aud satisfactory exhibit
of the operations of the Post Office Department
daring tiie year. The revenues of the Department
for tbe fiscal year ended Joue 30tli, 1872. amount
ed to $21,915,426 37, and the expenditures to
$26,658,197 31. Compared with the previous fis
cal year, the increase of revenue was $H7,839,*
095, or 937 per cent*, and the increase oi expendi
tures $2,268 088 23, or 9*29 per ceut. Adding to
tbe ordinary revenues the anuusi appropriarim. of
$700,000 for free matter, and the amounts paid to
subsidized mail steamship lines from special apv
propriations, the deficiency paid out of lira gen
eral treasury was $3,217,765 94, all excess of
$389,707 28 over the deficiency for the year 1871.
Other interesting statistical information relating
to our rapidly extending postal services is fur
nished in this report. The total length of rail
road mail routes ou the 30th of June, 1672, was
57 911 miles, 8,077 additional miles of such ser*
vice having been put into operation during tho
year. Eight new lines of railway post office*
have been established, with an aggregate length
of 7,909 miles. The number of lettois exchanged
in the mails with fortigu countries was 24,302,-
500, an increase of 4.066,502, or twenty per cent,
over the number iu lo7i, and the postage thereon
amounted to $1,871,257,25* The total weight of
the mails exchanged with European countries ex*
ceded 829 tons. The cost of the United States
trans-atlantic mail steamship service was $22,-
030,170. The total cost of tho United Status ocean
steamship service, including tbe amouuts paid to
the subsibizod line of mail steamers, was $102,-
702,097.
The following are the only steamship lines now
receiving subsidies for mail service under special
acts of Congress The Pacific Mail Steamship
Company receive $500,000 per annum for con
veying a monthly mail between San Francisco,
Japan and China, which wiil be increased to $],-
000,000 per annum, fora semi-monthly mail, and
after October 1st, 1873, the United States and
Brazil Mail Steamship Company will recoivn
$50,000 per annum, for conveying a monthly mail
between New York and Rio de Janeiro anil Bra
zil ; and tbe California, Oregon and Mexico
Steamship Company receive $75,000 per annum,
for conveying a monthly mail between San Frau -
cisco and Honolulu, Hawaiau Islands, making
the total amount of mail steamship subsidies at
present, $725,000 per annum.
Our postal communications with all parts of the
civilized world have been placed upon a must ad
vantageous footing by the improved postal con
ventions aud arrangements recently concluded
with the leading commercial countries oi Europe
and America, aud tbe gratifying statement is made
that, with the conclusion of a satisfactory conven
tion with France, tba details ot which have been
definitely agreed to by tbe bead of the French
Postal Department, subject to the approval of the
Minister of Finance, little remains to be accom
plished by treaty for some time to come. With
respect either to the reduction of rates or the im
proved facilities of postal intercourse, your tavor-
abie consideration is respectfully invited to the
recommendations made by the Postmaster General
for an increase of service from monthly to semi
monthly trips ou the mail steamship route to Bra
zil ! for a subsidy in aid of tbe establishment of
an American line of mail steamers between San
Francisco, New Zealand and Australia ; for tho
establishment of post offices, savings banks, and
for the increase of salaries of the heads of bureaus.
I Lave heretofore recommended the audition of
the franking privilege, and see no reason now for
changing my views on that subject. It not hav
ing beeu favorably regarded by Cougress, howev
er, I now suggest a modification of that privilege
to correct its glaring aud costly ,abuses.
I would recommend also the appointment of a
Committee of Commission to take into considera
tion the best method equilaole to promote corpo
rations who have invested their time aud capital in
es(ablisning telegraph lines ; ot acquiring all teU
egrapb Hues now iu operation, and of connecting
this service with tbe postal services of tbe nation.
It is not probable that this subject could receivo
the proper consideratiouj during the limits ot a
short session of Congress, but it may bo initiated
so that further action may be fair to the govern
ment and to private parties concerned.
There are uow but three lines of ocean steamers,
namely : The Pacific Mail Steamship Company,
between San Francisco, China and Japan, with
provision made for senii-mouthiy service after
October 15th, 1673 ; the United States aud Bra
zilian line, monthly, and the Califfirnia, New
Zealand and Australian line, monthly, plying
between the United States and foreign ports and
owned and operated under our flag. I earnestly
recommend that such liberal contraetst or carrying
the mails be aurthorized with these lines as wiil
insure their continuance. If the expediency of
extending the aid of the government to lines of
steamers which hitherto have not rceeived it
should be deemed worthy of consideration by
Cougress, political aud commercial objects make
it advisable to bestow such aid eu a line under
onr flag between Panama and tbe western South
American pons. By this means much trade uow
diverted to other countries might bo brought to
the United States, to tbe mutual advantage ot tho
country and those lying in that quarter of tho
continent of America.
The report of the Secretary of the Treasury will
show an alarming faliing off in our carrying trado
for the last ten or twelve years, and then tor the
past year. I do not kelieva that the public treas
ure can be better expeuded in the interest of the
whole people than in^trying to recover this trade.
An expenditure of $5,000,000 per annum lor tho
next five years, if it would restore to us our pro
portion ;of the carrying trade of the world,
should be profitably expended. The price of labor
in Europe bus to much enhanced within the last
tew years that the cost of builaing aud operating
ocean steamers in the United States is not so much
greater than in Europe, that I believe the proper
time has arrived for Congress to take this subject
into serious consideration.
department of justice.
Detailed statements of Lhe disbursements through
the Department of Justice will be furnished by the Re
port of the Attorney General, and tbougu these have
been somewhat increased by the recent acts of Con
gress, to enforce the rights of citizens of the United
States to vote in the several States of the Uuiou and
to enforce the propositions of the Fourteenth Amend
ment to Ihe Constitution of the United States and the
enactments tnereto, we cannot question the necessity
and salutary affect of these enactments. Reckless and
lawless men, I regret to say jiave associated themselves
together in seine localities, to deprive other oitizens of
those rights guaranteed to them by the Constitution of
the United States, and to that end have committed deeds
of a bioodnd violence ; but the prosecution and punish
ment of many of these persons have tended greatiy to
the depression of such disorders. I do uet leubt that
great many of tlie people in alt parts of tho country
favor the full enjoyment, by al! classes of persons, of
those rights to whieh they are entitled nmlcr the Con
stitution and laws, and I invoke the aid aud influence ot
all good citizens to prevent organizations whose objects
ve, by unlawful means, to interfere with these rights
