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BUENOS AYRES.
Wc have been favored with a copy of the fol
lowing letter, written by Mr.Gilbert 11. Rogers,
son of Dr. David Rogers, jun. of this city, which
we are persuaded will be interesting to most of
our readers.— J\f. York Corn. Adv.
Buenos Ayues, April 20.’
The town of Buenos Ayres, as you read in his
tory, was settled about 200 years ago, a..d has
100,000 inhabitants. It is situated on the banks
of the river La Plata, 170 miles from the sea
shore, on a spot considerably elevated above the
adjacent country, by which it possesses a very
commanding prospect. On the opposite side of
the river, which is here 30 miles broad, stands
Monte Video belonging to the Portuguese.—
Buenos Ayres is handsomely laid out in squares,
the streets crossing at right angles; but they are
generally narrow and filthy. The houses, which
are built of brick, and afterwards whitewashed,
are only one story high, with fiat roofs; the great
er part of them arc large and convenient, and
some of them have a magnificent appearance.—
This town might well be styled a town of Forts,
as every house can mount a cannon on its top,
and in every other respect they are calculated to
repel the attacks of an enemy.
The houses have only one door in front, which
opens into a large square court yard, out of which
you enter the different apartments, the floors of
which are paved with brick, and are often ele
gantly furnished. On each side of the door there
is a grated window, similar to our gaol windows,
being the only aperture for admitting light aud
air in the front. You will be surprised, when I
inform you, that there is but one chimney in the
whole town. The fact is, the inhabitants have
very little use for fire except in cooking, which
is done in a corner of the court yard by means
of a small oven. The climate is remarkably
fmc, with a pure air, which renders the situation
very healthy. Sickness indeed is rare here, and
all classes arc strangers to those distressing and
fatal complaints,consumptions, dropsies, he. 6tc.
to which the rest of the world arc subject. They
uniformly live to a great age. The sailors affirm
that the old women never die, hut are finally
blown off by the Pomfiaros, a terrible wind which
prevails here at certain seasons, and frequently
does great damage to the shipping-.
It being the latter part of their summer when
I arrived here, I had the pleasure of witnessing
their rich harvest of luxuries, so natural to this
country, the soil of which is so fertile that it pro
duces in great abundance with little or no labour.
Peai lies grow wild in large groves, and are the
finest I ever beheld; they excel not only in beau
ty but in taste and flavor. Their strawberries
alsolarc the largest I ever saw. Oranges,lemons, i
figs, mellons, mange, and a variety of other ex
quisite fruits grow here in great perfection.-
1 hese with abundance of vegetables are expos
ed by cart loads in the market place, which is
one of the most interesting objects in Buenos
Ayres. It forms an oblong square occupying
about two acres, with a row of handsome build- !
ings extending through the centre, in the mid
dle of which there is an archway to facilitate the j
communication with all paits of the town. The ;
lower part consists of dry good stores, and the j
top, which is entirely flat, is surrounded by a.
railing with cannon mounted on it.
There arc a great many churches in Buenos
Ayres, some of w hich are very old, and in a de
cayed state, resembling huge piles of bricks with
ten or twelve hells suspended therefrom at differ-,
ent points. Those of later erection are equally
huge and display considerable taste. Some of j
their spit es are giit and decorated with images; j
but the interior is most interesting to strangers: — j
here, in an unintci rupted space of about 200 lcet,
you may see, at all times ot the day, a number of
persons principally women, on their knees wor- j
shipping before the altar and the images. There i
are no scats or pews; a carpet is spread on the ;
floor on w hich they kneel. The altar is at one
end surrounded with golden candlesticks; over
the top are gilt images profusely decorated with
the most costly ornaments, in which is displayed |
great ingenuity. Around the interior stands the i
twelve apostles in rich embroidered dresses.—
The image of our saviour is likewise presented
on the cross w ithout any covering hut a sash, lie
is represented in the agonies of death. All the
images arc as large as life. On entering one of
those churches the mind is struck with the aw
ful solemnity which prevails in their worship
The apparent devotion of the kneeling assembly,
with their hands folded o\er their breasts and
their eyes directed upwards in silent prayer; the
distant mutterings of the Monks at the altar; the
irregular chanting of the deep-toned organ—all
tend to render the same truly sublime, This,
you would say, must he the very school of Piety
From the church you must follow me to the cir
cus. As it is fashionable here you must have
no objections. This is an enclosure ofa circular
form, containing neat two acres. Boxes arc
placed around it similar to our theatres. Fre
quently they contain from 8 to 10,000 spectators,
ihe citcus is the property of government, and
hi ings in a considerable revenue. Here is exhi
biled that cfuel amusement ot bull baiting, which
they inherit from the old Spaniards. Ten or
flve ive bulls are generally killed at one of these
barbarous amusements. They are fought by
men who have forfeited their lives by the .com
mission of some capital crime, and are condemn
ed to this employment. These wretched men
get killed in the contest, a circumstance
Mhtch excites great applause among the specta-
among the Juilus!’ Thccxhi
a\s on a SwiK.ay. Tncy have a Thea
'V ‘• s ’ 1 ” * n;:in, , and these
The inhabitants consists of Whites, Quartc
roons, Mulattos, Indians and Negroes. The
whites intermarry very much with the quarte
roons and Indians. The quarteroons are a mix
ed breed from the hulk of the inhabitants, The
soldiers arc principally of this class, are generally
well made, and of a stout and robust constitution.
The rest of the people are rather handsome than
otherwise, particularly the females, who are not
tall but elegantly shaped, and their dress is much
calculated to set off their delicate limbs to great
advantage. The beauty of their animated fea
tures, and the brilliancy of their fine black spark
ling eyes, are not to be equalled. They are kind
hearted, and very partial to North-Americans.
It might naturally be concluded, that a peo
ple living in so fine a climate, and enjoying so
many natural advantages, required nothing hut
their independence to make them completely
happy. I fear, however, that the time is far dis
tant w hen they will acquire this great and inva
luable blessing. There is as yet no regular code
of laws; all disputes are settled by an Alcadi(or
judge.) Owing partly to this, hut much to the
propensities of the natives, the most enormous
crimes arc daily committed. Assassination is so
frequent that it is scarcely taken notice of. Two
or three persons are often found lying dead in
the market place, where it is common to bring
them to he recognized by their friends. The
lower class of people 4re the most abject set of
wretches in the creation. There is no crime that
they are not base enough to commit; and although
they possess so fine a soil, they are too lazy to
cultivate it.
I shall say little concerning their politics as
nothing of any importance has lately occurred.
1 here are three distinct parties, which occasion
frequent and sudden changes in their administra
tion. It is reported that general Artigas has
made peace with the government, which, if true,
w ill almost ensure the independence of the pro
vinces of La Plata and Peru. This man was
once a general in the service of Buenos Ayres,
and afterwards at the head of three administra
tions. Having refused to assist him in a war
against the Portuguese, lie withdrew’ jvith his ar
my into the interior, where, without money or re
venue of any description, he maintained a suc
cessful war against them; subsisting his troops
principally on the wild cattle and horses with
which his country abounds, while the skins of
the sheep served them for clothing. He has
20,000 cavalry of this description.
A few days ago two Frenchmen were shot in
the circus. It appears they were generals un
der Bonaparte, and came here for the purpose
of efleeting a counter revolution. They were
detected in an attempt to poison some of the
chief officers This desperate plot was discov
ered in time to save, perhaps, much human
slaughter. They met death like noble French
men; they were cheerful to the last, and, after
seating themselves on a bench, firmly received
in their breasts the quick messenger of death.
From the Bermuda Gazette, July 19.
The Caraccas Gazette, of the 2 Ist of April,
contains two official accounts of actions fought
between a detachment of the royalists, command
ed by Pereira, and the independents under Boli
var, Paez, Seblettc, and Ansoategui; the first of
which took place on the 27th of March at Tra
piche de la Gamerra, in which the independents
are stated to have lost 400 men killed and w ound
ed, and 35 prisoners; the loss of the royalists
amounted to 13 killed and 48 wounded. The
force of the Independents is not exactly known.
It is stated to have consisted of the w indward
and Barcelona battalions of infantry, a rifle corps
partly English, some guides; and upwards of one
thousand horses. The whole of the Spanish force
consisted of 266 infant!y, and 98 cavalry.
The second is dated Arauca, April 3, and de
tails an action, or rathe! a succession of skirmish
es, which took place on the right bank of the ri
ver Arauca, between the 30th of March and the
2d of April. The loss on the part of the royal
ists was 14 killed and 15 wounded; that of the in
dependents must have been considerable from
the number of dead found on the roads; the dis
patch says it is not easy to calculate the loss of
the enemy.
Letters received at Curracoa and Jamaica,
from the island of St. Thomas, dated the 17th,
21st and 22dof April, contain the tw r o following
paragraphs:
“The Spanish army is posted at St. Jayme:
this tow n is situated in the province of Carracas.
We have set n an extraordinary gazette of the
31st ultimo, which gives an official account of
some success obtained by Morillo on the 11th.
We are led to inquire why this document has
been withheld from the public twenty days, when
San Jayme is distant front the capital but six or
eight days, and Achaguasonly eight or ten.
“Bcluche is before this port. One of the
transports w hich lately conveyed the remainder ,
of the English troops to Margaritta, has arrived
here. The Spaniards inform us, that Bolivar was
repulsed by Pereira in an attack against St. Fer
nando, made by the British troops. Fourteen
hundred men, being the remainder of colonel
English’s expedition, have arrived at Margaritta;
w ith the fix hundred already there, and tw o thou
sand Creoles, there is an army of four’thousand
men at that place.”
Os the re-capture of Porto Bello by the Span
ish forces, and of the flight of MacGregor, our
readers have already been fully infotmed. The
follow ing narrative, however, as connected with
the affair of sir Gregor’s expedition, is not unin
teresting. It is taken from the Jamaica Royal
Gazette, of the 22d ultimo:
l ive w omen, whose husbands were either kil
led or taken prisoners at the re-capture of Porto
Bello, and three children w ho were brought here
in the Confiance, were sent on Thursday to the
public hospital of this city; one of them was
wounded in the neck by a musket ball; another
] is the wife of a printer of the name of Cox, whom
sir Gregor brought with him from England, with
a few printing materials, and who was wounded
in his apartment, made prisoner, and marched to
Panama. His w ife and the other woman were
marched out of the town along with the soldiery;
but after proceeding a few miles, they became
faUgued, and sat down on the road side, refusing
to proceed further, upon which it was deemed
expedient to send them back to the town, and
they were perffiiued to depart in the Confiance.
This person, who is intelligent, slates, that on
hearing some firingou the morning of the attack,
she looked out of her window, which was on the
parade, when she saw the Spanish troops led in
to the square by the alcalde of” the place, wj*om
she knew, and W’ho had remained in the town after
its capture by MacGregor, but wiio had left it
late the night before, after having, however, sup
ped with the English officers.
The Spanish troops, having overcome those
of the English soldiery who were exercising in
the square, entered the different houses, among
which was that of her husband; they fired through
the doors, then broke open the room in which
they were, stabbed her husband in the arm, but
on her making signs that they W’ere unarmed,
they desisted from further violence, and made
her husband prisoner, but shewed no incivility
whatever to herself. She further represents that
the English troops had been in a state of insubor
dination bordering on mutiny, for many days pre
vious to the re-capture, from the numerous dis
appointments with which they had met, having
been almost starved from the moment they em
barked in England; that many of the officers had
already sent in their commissions to MacGregor,
expressing their determination to quit his service;
and it was pretty generally surmised among them,
for some days before the attack, that MacGregor
himself intended to decamp clandestinely, for it
was stated that he had obtained and packed up se
veral boxes of money, which he had sent on hoard
the Hero. This perhaps acconnts for the celerity
of his retreat on that memorable occasion.
ft
From the JVew-York Commercial Advertiser, July 8.
LATEST FROM ENGLAND.
Arrived this morning, the packet ship Courier,
in 37 days from Liverpool. By her arrival the
editors of the Commercial Advertiser have re
ceived from their London and Liverpool corres
pondents, London papers to the 29th of May,
Lloyd’s Lists to the 28th, General Shippirigand
Commercial Lists to the 29th, the New Price
Current to the 28th, and Liverpool papers to the
31st, all inclusive. Capt. Bowue has obligingly
favored us with a file of the latest papers.
The report of the bank committee was discuss
ed at great length, in the British parliament, on
the 24th and 25th of May. The discussion ter
minated in the adoption of a number of resolu
tions, conformable to the spirit of that report.
The bank is made liable from the 20th of Feb.
next, to redeem its notes in gold bars of not less
than 60 ounces, at the rate of 47. D. per ounce.
The bars are to he assayed and stamped at the
royal mint. The redemption of the notes of the
bank in the coin of the realm, is to commence
within the period of 4 years.
Lord Grenville, in the house of peers, declar
ed, that he now regretted supporting the restric
tion act in 1797. He observed that the facilities
which it had afforded to ministers towards the
continuance of the late war, were more than coun
terbalanzed by the distresses it had brought on
the country; and that no urgency could, in his
mind, sanction the expedient of putting into the
hands of the bank directors the power of chang
ing at their pleasurethe value of all property, and
the price of all commodities, by the excessive is
sue of their inconvertible paper at one moment,
and by the contraction of it in the next. This
power, which was not given to the throne, par
liament would no longer confide in the direction
of a company of bankers; and all connection be
tween them and the government must be dissolv
ed.
Paris papers received in London to the 25th
May, announce that a second firojet of a law on
the press, has passed in the chamber of peers, by
a majority of 133 to 34.
Accounts from Hamburgh up to the 21st of
May state, that the reports in the French papers
of misunderstandings between Sweden anti other
Northern powers, is without foundation, and that
no proposition had been made to Charles JdP?j
the throne. The rumor of
proportion having been made, is contentious-1
ly in an official article iiLfne Stock
holm 1 j
Prince LcopbkHitTived Bth
Don Antonio Jo^4j^6i^isarri,"m)iffrnKoj#ned
as general
ernmciifairT?nili to England, arrived %t London
of” May. He was the bearHUtf the
.jrfraty between Chili and Buenos Ayres, forthe
liberation of Peru.
A letter from Weissembourg, of the 19th of
May, states that an extraordinary recruitment has
been commenced in Rhenish Bavaria —The levy
is in a proportion three times greater than in
France. It will be recollected that the Bavarian
army has refused to take the oath of fidelity to i
the constitution, and it is thought that the govern
ment have it in view to recompose the army en
tirely of young soldiers more disposed than the
old ones to adopt constitutional principles.
American stocks on the 29th of May—Three
per cents, none; new six per cents. 99 to 101;
U. S. hank shares, 24/. to 24/. 10s.
Extract of a letter from Paris , dated J\lay 19.
“Avery great sensation has been excited here
by the reports respecting the king of Sweden.
Some deny the truth of them altogether; but
there is little doubt of their partial correctness.
A Swedish gentleman who arrived in Paris from
Stockholm yesterday, speaks of the report as
having gained ground in that country, and of a
general determination in the Swedish people to
assert their rights against the arbitrary and in
creasing power of the emperor of Russia; but, at
the same time, he mentions the existence ofa
party similar to our ultra-royalists, who are sup
posed to be'in the interest of Alexander. These
1 reports, true Or false, have had the effect of low
j cring a great deal of the popularity which Alex
; ander acquired in Paris at the expense of the
duke of Wellington, who really did that for
! which Alexander received the thanks of the
French nation. They begin to see the difference
j between a monarch stooping to obtain popularity
and a general, in the opposite extreme, too proud
to owe any thing to popular opinion. The re
gret of the French at their inability to offer as
sistance to Bcinadotte, in the event of any real
act of hostility towards him, is sincere; but, say
they, England must protect him, for Sweden is a
bulwark to the encroachments of Russia.”
In some private letters from Paris, it is said
that the king’s health is considerably improved
of late, and that the coronation will certainly take
place on the 25th of August. The exiles whom
it was lately proposed to recall from banishment,
are—marshal Soult, general Grouchy, general
Fire, M. Real, and colonel Millinet. The lan
guage in which their petitions were drawn up,
was highly injudicious. They proceeded upon
such grounds as were calculated rather to offend
than conciliate his majesty, who refused to com
ply with the prayer of the petitioners, though
some of them were zealously supported by the
duke of Angouleme, and had the suffrage of min
isters also.
Columbia River.—AYe have heard, (says the National
Intelligencer,) as our readers will have seen, of the ar
rival of judge Provost, an agent of the United States at
Valparaiso, on his return from the mouth of Columbia
River. It is said that our government has received from
him a highly interesting report of that part of his mis
sion. We do not know whether it is intended to be pub
lished—but if it were, we are persuaded it would be
very generally acceptable. We want such a document
to make us acquainted with that most important though
remote scion of the republic. We even hope that Mr.
Provost will bring back with him materials to furnish a
volume on the subject, instead of a letter of a few pages,
and that he will not withhold from his countrymen 1110
fruits of his inquiries and his observations. It will not
be in the power, if it were the wish of the Atlantic
states, to prevent the growth of a powerful commercial
state at the mouth and on the banks of the Columbia.
All the information respecling the country which we
can obtain, is therefore desirable.
A Golden JMnse. —Most poets have received no other
reward for their labors than the assurance of posthu
mous fame, but Scott has been more fortunate. De
sides enjoying more applause than he justly merits, his
works have during the last twelve years put into his
pockets seventy-two thousand pounds sterling.
Royal Pairing. —Louisa Charlotte of Naples, grand
daughter of the duke of Calabria, was married at Na
ples on the 15th of May, to Francis de PauL, brother
of Ferdinand the 7th, and bastard son of the Prince of
Peace.
English Admiralty Derision. —Twenty thousand dol
lars salvage have been award uto captain Bowen, ofthe
British frigate Salsette, so: saving the East India com
pany’s ship Cornwallis.
Poats'cnpt.
Prices at Havre, June 9.—Cotton, 55 bales Georgia,
If 45c, 80 do. do. good quality, If 60c; 10 do. Louisiana,
ordinary, If 57£c; 98 do. Georgia; good, If 60c, 59 do.
do. fine and good, If 65c.
Nf.w-Yohk, July 15.
Latest from Cadiz. —Captain Coffin, arrived yester
day, sailed from Cadiz on the 4th June, at which time
the United States’ sloop of war Hornet, captain Reid,
was waiting for orders from our minister at Madrid.—
T4fc treaty had not as yet been signed.
learn, that on the 13th of May,
and sailed from Cadiz for Limaf The
grand expedition, of 80 transports, with ,10,000 troops,
was to sail about the first of September! All Spanish
vessels arriving in port were
to aid in the great wftrk of aijbTOing.thepatloTE'.
Very late from FrancatKQ ie RubicoSrtwA Havre on
the 10th ult. and th<^roTtors'*flfcthe Gazette ••eHndebt
ed to captain HoJrftfuge for the Btf of June,
papers afford but interest us;
but.we’lfiwe made the follow ing extracts:
France, judging from her journals, appears ttrfca in a
state of perfect tranquility. The prospect of
crops are spoken of with exultation. Little or no change
had taken place in the markets. Commerce was still
stagnated.
NOTICE.
DURING my absence from this state Mr. John Black
ler and Mr. Janies Burnett, will act as my attorneys.
Those indebted to me will please make payment to Mr.
James Burnett. RUFUS R. MEIIILL.
july 26 a 40
Kan away,
ON the 19th instant, from the undersigned, living in
Laurens county, (Ga.) his negro fellow, named
‘Jack, about 24 or 25 years of age, 5 feet 3 or 4 inches
high, and black complected, with a sniall scar on his
forehead, and brass rings in his earw lie is a native of
Man land or Pennsylvania, to states he will pro
bably attempt to through )lief port of
Darien, or Savannah* and TdVng artful as-w HI as an ex
cellent scribe, may"attempt to pass as a freeTnag, by ex
hibiting foygeff papers. A liberal reward, with all rea
sonable Expenses defrayed, will be given dR his being
delivered to the subscriber, or for lodging him in any
gaol, so that he may be recovered, by
SIMEON ELINGTON.
July 26 F.\ 40
NOTICE.
months after date, application will be made to
the honorable the court of ordinary of \\ ayne
county, for liberty to sell all the land, belonging to
the estate of John Grantham, for the benefit ot the
heirs and creditors of the deceased.
M. A. GRANTHAM, adm’rx.
A. M'DONALD, adm'or.
feb 15 1?”
NOTICE.
NINE months after date application will made to
the honorable the court of ordinary of- 11 os 1
county, for letters of dismission on the estate o o m
Dregors, late of said county, deceased.
her
NANCY * DKEGOR*.
MARK,
may