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Vol VI- ©aricrt <oasette EDITED AND PUBLISHED BY ‘’ MIX’S. F. GIiANDISON. H •’ [ON THE BAY) H§s fier annum , payable in advance. Ht gives us real pleasure to copy from the Hrannah Georgian the following beautiful fljg composed by a member of the St. An- Kw’j society, and sung at the celebration Hlieir late anniversary meeting in Savan lift The sentiments expressed in this song H characteristic of Scotch benevolence: H ye wha here, wi* cheerfu* glee, th'e'festal board unite; Hiilst happy moments tip-toe flee Hvn.l smile upon the joyous night, Let’s and. ink our drap o’ barley bree, Though m-ion and stars should blink ■ t+iegitb.er, I To each leal lad wi’kilted knee, | y And bonnie lass amang the heather. His o’ tiie Gael! wha ne’er hae bent ■The knee to fawn on fre-end or foe, heart’s best bluid was ever spent freedom's cause, through weal and woe. I Let’s drink our drap o’ barley bree, &c. He Woman eagle ne’er could reach hrath-cvowned mountains o’ the free; .Hi England’s lion backward turn’d HVi’ bluidy main and sunken e’e. [ Then let us drink our barley bree, &c. ■ days Lang Syne! let hist’ry tell Blow broad claymore and gleaming brand, H cow’ring tyrants vengefn’ fell, ■How triumphed that immortal band, Then let usdrink our barley bree, £cc. H e pole to pole, frae sea to sea, Bscotia! to tbee the meed is paid, • H<‘ brave example take by thee, ■And beauty nestles in the plaid. I Then here's a health in barley bree, &c. Bid here’s to a’ wha keep this day, B\nd here’s to a’ wha drink this night, H ( i here’s to them that’s far away, ■And muckle joy and pure delght. I A bumper fill wi’ barley bree, &c. Hough seas at ween us roll and rave, Bull friendship’s bonds our heartsentwine, Hen here’s oursels and a’ the lave, BVhmn charity and love combine. S A health to a’ in barley bree, jlf Oursels and a’ the warld thegither, ■ To a’ wha luve tlse kilted knee, Or bonnie lasses in the heather, g — Br tract /ram President Nott’s Address, to the meantlidaics for the Baca/aureate, at the An-\ Bw:vwy Commencement of Union College I ■‘Linde- the cover ot religion, men perhaps- Bre frequently indulge the’ bitterness of Bs'on without cnmpunctioq, than in any ! Ber situation. Tlie wretch, who wantonly, | ■1 without some “salvo to his, conscience,” 1 Backs private ch:fractev, feels self condemn- I B. Hnt the sour, sanctimonious, grace-har- Biul bigot, embarks ail his pride, gratifies fl his revenge, and empties his corroded Bsaai of its . gall; and having done so, Boothes over the distorted features o. a Bnitenaiice, on which sit3 tiie smile of Ju- B, and says, and, half believes, that he has Bie God service! The proud, ambitious, Hogant clergyman takes bis stand in the Birch with the same views that the proud, Bogant and ambitious statesman takes his ■the world, B‘ls seif-aggrandisement the motive of the ■ter? So it is of the fhrmer. And this is ■be sought in pursuits and studies which ■gilt, above all others, to sweeten the tem- H’sud humhle the pride of man. But these Billies which ought, above all others, to Beete.i the temper and humble the pride ■ nian. But these studies and pursuits, Bere grace is not interposed, do not alter ■ibaii nature. The arch casuist, soon, in- Bed, acquires a zeal for religion, but it is Biel: lie learns to contend for the faith; but B contends with acrimony; and even the ■5 she sacred symbol of his Saviour’s suf- B-iigs, is borne about with him as an osten- Bimis emblem of his own humility. His Boicreed is the standard of doctrine, Ills ■m church the exclusive asylum of faith.— fancies thatjie possesses, solus in 'so/o, all He orthodoxy, all the erudition, all the taste H die nation; and swaggering, like Jupiter B the (op of Olympus, lie seats himself as ■ e sole umpire in all matters offaith, offact, ■ s nenr>. if any one dares to pass the ■ninrlavies he has fixed, or to adopt a mode ■expression he has not authorised, he brands ■m with the appellation of heretic, and in ■antly hurls at his devoted head a tlmnder- Bolt. I individual stands in his wv, and par- Heulnriy if that individual possesses an inflii ■ice which he envies’, or fills a placewhich ■e covets, he marks him as his victim. The ■eriftce, however, must be orthodoxly per- Bmed, and attended with all the external Bents of sanctity.” I vth. —Truth alone, with eloquence, is ■j'mciently powerful and persuasive, and •amb i„ neC (] 0 f nn studied and artificial ■nactidrs to vindicate and recommend it. I Sincerity. —Sincerity is to speak as we ijunfe; to do as wemretend and profess; to •cifoi-ni and make good what we promise— P'd really to he what we would seem andap* to he. I Deceit-- Deceit goes for false coin, and the jecenvr for the eoincr w which is still worse. | )>e, like counterfeit money, though a good ■ton. may receive ii, yet he might not topay it. DARIEN GAZETTE. DARIEN, (GEORGIA,)- — €qual ant* €ract 3|ustice*- i —-TUESDAY, DECEMBER 14, 1824. To the Honorable the President and Members * oj the Senate, anil Speaker and Members of the House of Representatives of the State of ■Georgiu. Gentlemen —The time has now come, when the question of Internal Improvement can be no longer neglected. It is now in your power to say, whether Georgia shall continue inactive and inert, or by your as sistance revive, and with renewed vigor and energy, strive by more than common action, to recover the time she has lost. The truth can no longer be disguised from us—Georgia is losing her weight in t,he scale of the union, and it remains with you to sav in what manner she shall recover her lost power. We havefor a long time beer, look ers on, and with an apathetic indifference have beheld the the course of trade diverted —commerce, on which the vital energies of the state depend, drawn aside front us, and as a natural consequence, our sea port cities which were once flourishing’and prosperous, sinking by slow but certain degrees, from the rank they once held, to secondary and subor dinate stations. This has long been apparent; but a,strange lethargy appears to have stupified us. No exertion has bpen made—no effectual means have been tried to.recall, what will shortly no longer be inpur power ,to reclaim, the prosperity which has floated by our very doors to enrich a more enterprising sister state. The people have at last become sensible to the existing state of things—4tl;ey have at length opened their eyes to their erroi— they have heard the cry of Savannah and are now anxious to disperse the illusion with which they have been surrounded; and they call loudly, from every section of the state, for remedies to counteract the effect of their former misguided policy. The remedy, gen tlemen, is in your hands, and as you apply it, so will you be greeted by their cheering ac clamations, br receivt in their stead, tlier di rest curses for your management. What is to be done must be quickly done. Every energy and nerve must be strained: no im becile and half way measrues will do. ’flip e vil is not imaginary,it is real,and real powers must be exerted for its cure. We must go to the beginning—we must trace back the evil to its starting place, and by measures counter to those we have pursued, make a radical cure or none. It is in vain that we apply false empyric medicine when the knife is nesessary. It is by such measures the state is impoverished and its coffers drained of their riches. And what can be the effect? Nothing, ft may for a while create an arti ficial action, but with the cause that created, must also cease the effect. It is an unnatu ral stimulent, and when its powers cease the body, instead of preserving the animation it gave,will sink still farther into stupor. You, gentlemen, it is trusted, will pursue an op posite course. You will first enquire by vvliat meausthis distress has advanced into the bosom of the state—You will search for the cause which has created this universal com plaint. and when found you will use suitable and applicable means for its removal. Suf fer not yourselves to view it through false mediums;be not swayed by sectional feelings or ancient prejudices in favor of particular places; place the state before you, and aslts ■whole interest point the way, that should be the course to follow; view with a jealous eye, those, who from local interests, would advise a different course from that which the inte rests of the whole would dictate to you. It is to them alone that you are accountable for , your decisions—it is they alone who bear the burdens which are now almost too heavy to support —and is it ihey alone who ought, by every principle of justice, to receive the be nefit of your deliberations. They are now awaiting with anxious feelings, the result of your councils, conscious that that result will either ensure renewed prosperity or plunge’ them deeper in the distressess they already feel so Sensibly. These are not visionary speculations They are facts that can be proven demonstrably. No false reasoning is necessary for this purpose. Truth, and truth alone, as spoken by those who have felt and who still feel the depression, shall be placed before you: From the statements you shall judge ofthe extent and greatness of the evils of which they complain—and you will like wise judge whether tne aid they ask can re lieve them, or whether it may not be the in terest of the state generally, to pursue such a course as will lead to greater advantages, and which will not only act as correctives to present wants, but eventually add equally to its power and character It now becomes nOTessary to present to you gentlemen, such as will point out the evil. The commencement of the distress may be dated with the foundation and existence of Hamburg, a little town op posite Augusta, which has grown up with the aid of the legislature of South-Carolina, and bv the exertions of a man who stands pre-eminent in successful enterprize: one, who we recollect to have been driven bv in dividual persecutions from the bosom of our state, and who is now giving to Carolina the benefits of those singular practical talents he possesses. When he first commenced the erection of the town in question, the idea he held out of its importance, was treated as vi sionary. The practicability of diverting trade which had so long enriched x Augusta and Sa vannah was smiled at with contempt, and the possibility of a town raised by-individual exertion, competing with one of such long standing, was hooted at as if it had been the proposition of a madman. Soon, however, the effect was felt, and there is now laid be foreyou a concise history oftlie feelings it occasioned and the efforts that have been made to counteract them, to the present time. t The foundation of this town, (Hamburg,) which commenced in July, 1831, received 17- 696 bales of cotton, besides other produce in j equal porportions. In the then prosperous; state of Georgia, this amount was not at first | felt, or iffelt, no alarm was excited, tior afty belief created, that the depression would be permanent. It was considered that the quantity thus received was merely the effect of peculiar events, and that time would cor rect it. They conceived the town so magi cally raised in opposition to them,would sink with its own weight, or that being supported by one man, that it was impossible its exist ence could be durable, and witty its fall they looked for the return of that trade they had lost. They looked to this as to a certainty, and.adopted no measures by which, if this consequence was not correct, they could in duce the planter to repair to his former mar ket. In the mean time, Mr. Shultz applied to the South Carolina legislature for their aid and protection, Entering at once into his views, and perceiving the practicability of his plans, they liberally assisted him, and by many advantages which they yielddd to the newly raised town, induced capitalists and others to locate themselves there. Fears now began to be, for the first time entertained that Hamburg, once looked upon as an objeot of contempt, and mentioned as a mark of decision for the Quixotic attempts of its founder, would,- by means of the liber al policy pursued,be a rival of no mean char acter,and when the enormous increase ofher receipts of produce was knowiyin the second year, j(*7.857 bales of cotton) expedients were sought for, anti means asked to restore the prosperity they bad lost, Savannah t'oo, began to feel the effect of this diversion of trade; and some extracts from her papers will shew in vivid colours, the distress which was actually existing there. “At a meeting ofthe merchants on the sth inst. at the Ex change, it was resolved, that a committee of three be appointed to investigate the causes which have for some time past operated - gainst the trade of Savannah, and ‘report thereon; that they recommend such meas ure as to them appear best calculated to res tore to the city its former commercial prosperity, and that the chairman, (Jo seph Gumming.) Geo. Schley, and 8. B. Farkman, be that committee.” “Itesol ved, that the holders of real estate in the ci ty be requested to unite with the merchants in the investigation and that they be in vited to co-operate in the measure to be adopted-” Savannah Republican, Nov. 7 18- 23. Again in the same paper of the 11th November, they remark, that “an adjourned meeting ofthe merchants and others inter interested in the conqnerce and prosperity of this city, was held yesterday. The re port ofa committee appointed at a former meeting, was read, .recommending several measures Calculated to restore the prosperi ty which was declined, and the trade which it is feared may be permanenti) diverted to new channels,” The “Times,” printed in Savannah of the sth of November, 1823, says “(Jilr.city was, brought into notice by trade, its existence depends wholly on trade, and without trade it would be a mere sandbank.” “It then behoves every ne to encrease it if possible—it behoves us to attend to this maine point now, more than ever, for we have a powerful rival who is using every exertion to deprive us of the means where .by we live. We have seen our trade goto Charleston, because the expenses there are less, and the money better than ours. We have seen the iniquity carried so far as to en able our neighbors to go by this great depot of the state in triumph, carrying away the productions of our soil to another city, which ought to have been exported by ourselves— Look at our waning trade, our falling rents, and our miserable currency.” The citizens of Augusta, acting in concert with those of Savannah, had likewise their meetings, and sought with equal avidity for means whereby they might alleviate distres ses so severely felt,as wellby themselveas by Savannah: and first as a partial remedy, made tiie bridge which connect Hamburg and Au 'guSta, free for all waggons containing cotton flotir or tobaco. This fact is noticed in the Augusta Constitutionalist of the 20th Oct. 1823, where it is remarked, that “We are authorised to state that the Augusta bridge is now free for all waggons laden with cot ton, flour, or tob'aco, passing and repassing to or from Augusta.” This was done by in dividual means, but as a more effectual and permanent remedy, the Augusta Chronicle of Nov, 8,1823, says, that “ The citizens are retpectfully informed that a memorial to the Legislature will be presented to them on Monday and Tuesday next, for their signs'- Hires'for the purpose of applying to the Le gislature for some relief towards freeing the Augusta bridge.” A memorial was also prepared in Savan nah; praying relief, on which a committee . from your honorable body reported; and it ■may not be anus's to make a few extracts from it, as it is corroborative of the fact, that the decline of trade has been owing, Ist, to the erection of Hamburg-v2d, to the superior facilities of trade between that place and Charleston—and 3d, to the great advantages possessed by Charleston over Savannah as a seaport. iThe Committee commence, by noticing the subject ofthe memorials before them, which is the decline of trade and the general distress as the effect of it; they then proceed to ask, “Does the evil exist?” “Is its operation extensive?” and “What are the causes?” To the first question they remark that “The fact is asserted by the memorial ists in language not of dubious import, with an earnestness and simplicity, which .leave no doubt of the sincerity of’their own con victions. In looking lo the names by which the memorials are supported, the committee perceive those of many of our most respec table citizens, of men whose intelligence and integrity would equally exclude the probabi lity of mistake, and the possibility of inten tional misrepresentation. “There is then, no room to doubt the ex istence and reality of the evil complained of by the memorialists.” They then go on to show the extent of the evil and its operations on the state generally and continue their examination by taking a view of the causes which have led to so dis- 5 as trous a result. And this is given in the language of the committee, being sensible that a mere notice of it would be doing in justice to them and to the subject. “It is not doubted by the C9mmittee that the trade of Augusta is materially diminished by the rivalry of Hamburg. Heretbfore the former place lias been the sole depot of the pro duce raised on both sides of the Savannah river, which flows above it, and the general rendezvous of purchasers from abroad and their agents. Much of that produce now passes to Hamburg. The sold or stored in Augusta is consequently less. The attention of purchasers is divided and diver ted and diminished competition produces a diminutionjin the.price. Left to itself, Ham burg is unable to maintain this compel ition. Its population and its capital would equally forbid it. But Hamburg is the creature of Legislative munificence. It is sustained by Legislative patronage —it wields a capital gratuitously furnished by” South Carolina, and wields it under the protection of peculiar priviliges and exemptions to its inhabitants. Still it would be inadequate to the purpose of its creation—it would enter into no suc cessful competition with Augusta, but from its connection with Charleston; from the freedom of the intermediate navigation, ren dered ten-fold more valuable by the monopo ly which restrains that between Savannah, and Augusta, and from the various artificial causes existing in Savannah, which render it inferior as a market and as a shipping port to Charleston. In fine Ham burg exists, and enters into successful compe tition -Mth Augusta, by force of the patronage of the legislation of Carolina to itself and tb Charleston , acting with increased effect from the oppressive influence of the legislation of Georgia, on the cities of Augusta ami Savan ’ mih., “The investigation has been made with a continued reference to Charleston, because it is believed that the diminution ofthe trade of Savanuah has arisen from its divertion to that port.” By the extract we may perceive that the committee are decidedly of opinion that the causes which have operated to produce this general cry of distress originate in Hamburg in the connection of that place with Charles ton, and in the superior advantages which the last place has over Savannah as a sea port, and they conclude their report with some questions which will find answers in tiie bosom of every Georgian. They ask, shall we on our part, sustain Augusta or suf fer her to sink in the struggle? Shall we preserve our trade or yield it to our more enterprising rival? Shall we retain our rank ns a commercial state, or become tributary to South Carolina? These enquiries are sorted upon us, and a stern necessity re quires that we should answer them promptly. The times is, in which an option is reserved to ns, but it is passing irrevocably from us.” . From thbse extracts we may perceive what were the views of the committee up on this subject, and as far as they state the causes, a majority ot the community w ill a gree with them, but it is believed will dif fer from them in tne opinion that legislative aid can affect the revolution of trade; that is, sofanas that aid is extended to the ben efit of Savannah. The cause of her distress does not warrant such a conclusion—that cause is her inferiority as a sea'port, and un less we can obviate that, though we may em ty the coffers of the state into her lap, the cause will still exist, and the consequence will be, the state will be impoverished with out obtaining any real advantage. Such aid and so administered, will have no effect but for the time being and the moment pecuina ray aid fails, she will again sink to her pre sent depressed condition. Like the power of Galvanism on a dead body, it may be exer ted to such effect that the muscles w’ill act, and the subject exhibited certain animated appearances, but the moment the power is removed it returns again to its lifeless state. It is therefore perfectly idle to talk of help ing Savannah. It is an impossibility which we cannot, overcome. Nature has decreed : against her, and our object (should now be, | to find a place which may possess those ad-’ ( vantages which are lacking on the part ofj Savannah, and by a liberal and judicious pol- i icy rear and support it until such times as it j could not only help itself, but pay back to the coffers oftlie estate what may be ex-1 pended by legislative munificence. Let us | then create anew sea port. Georgia has an extensive and on it one spot which syems peculiarly formed by nature for such a purpose. From the Hudson to the appa-, lachicola, there is not to be found a place combining equal points of superiority.— This place is Brunswick, on Turtle ri ver. Persons eminently qualified to judge, having minutely examined thefsoite of Brunswick as a sea port, from their own belief, as well as what can be collected from the opinions of others, authorises the conclusion, that this place, by the help of half that aid the committee advised to be ex- ■ pended on Savannah, would in a few years take the lead of Charleston, as far as New- York does of its neighboring cities. There fore, with the aid of such information as has been collected relative to it. It becomes ne cessary to present to you such of its leading features as will place its superior advantages before you. Brunswick is situate on an arm of the sea,! about nine miles from the ocean, having eigh teen feet water when the tide is out, and 1 twenty-four when in Its entrance by the sound of St. Simon’s is unobstructed by any bar—and there is a safe and commodious har bor.protected from the sea by Jekyl island on the south and by St. Simon’s island on the north of the enirance. Brunswick, (as laid ofly) is ton a level plain which extends sever al miles and has a bluff eight or ten feet above the tide at high water. It commands { a fine view of the sea across Jekyl island and of the entrance by St. Simon’s sound. The United States sensible of the importance, of this place and of the advantages it possessed of good harborage, has placed a light-house on the point of St. Simon’s island, at the en trance of the mouth of the sound. By a ca nal of about ten miles in length a communi cation may be effected with the Altamaha and its tributaries the Ocmulgee and Oconee rivers, which leading through the very cen tre of the state, would bring down its pro duce to Brunswick, which would become tbe depot from which the country could receive the necessary supplies in return. It is heal thy at all seasons of the year and continually enjoying the benefit of sea air. It has suita ble and proper places for a navy yard, and live oak growing in great abundance in the surrounding country to supply it. An in land navigation is already opened between Savannah and it, and possesses the advantage of its being nearer to that place than Charles ton with sater rivers of communication. It is in the very centre of the sea coast of the state, and it may become to Georgia what Charleston is to Carolina, without the dan gers attendant on the latter place of annual sickness. In fact it is in everv point superior to Charleston as a sea port, and in its power to communicate with the back country by means of its natural channels and one small link of ten miles by canal. Its superiority over Savannah is therefore manifest, in an eminent degree It needs but tbe legislative aid judiciously bestowed to make it the Emporium of the South. It cannot be concealed—it is in vain to deny it; Savannah is sinking into ruins for the want of those very powers which Brunswick pos sess sin so superior a degree. No aid of the legislature can effectually revive her.— She is irretrievably lost, and in attempting to restore her we are but losing time and the means to create a place which would more than counterbalance her loss. With the knowledge and proof of this fact before us, can the legislature of Georgia remain long undetermined, what to do? The interest of the state calls loudly for some measure by which we may regain our lost prosperity.— The remedy must be effectual and immedi ate. .We have it in our power to force back the trade we have lost, but the time will soon pass never to be recalled. Now is the time to act, or calmly submit to the loss of your export and import revenues, and “become tributary to South Carolina. A few extracts from the remark of the edi tor of the “Georgia Journal” the correctness of which it is impossible to deny, are now submitted. In speaking of the situation of Savannah, the deficiency ofher exports and the flourishing slate of Hamburg, after giving details of several interesting facts, he asks— “ What is the cause of all this prosperity, all this bustle and this enterprise? Simply the patronage of one man by the Legislature of South Carolina, and the judicious disburse ment of the public money under his superin tendance. How humiliating to Georgia is the fact,that this same man, who has wrought such wonders in Carolina, a few years ago offered his services to this state on the most reasonable terms, and met with a rejection almost unanimous. He proposed to cut a ca nal, at his own risk and expense, from the Alatamaha to Turtle’’ river, (the river on which Brunswick stands, and the mouth of the canal to enter Turtle river six or seven miles from it,) and to depend for his remune ration on the profits of the work after it should be finished. His proposal was re jected, and what has Georgia lost by it? Let the sufferers of Savannah and Darien answer •the question. Let the facts we have stated in the commencement ofthis article answer it also. Had Georgia expended §IOO,OOO for no other purpose than to retain such a man in the number ofher citizens, the mo ney would have been wisely spent. His ge nius would sooner or later, have accomplish ed for Georgia, in some way or other, what it has accomplished for Carolina.” These remarks founded on facts, are wor thy of comment. It appeai-s that this very place whose superiorities have struck so ma ny men ofsound judgment, was also the spot which Mr. Shultz had first in contemplation to raise a sea port town upon. He saw, and at a glance, took in its vast importance, and with that spirit of enterprise which reflect* such credit on him, formed a plan which the indecision ofa legislative body prevented his carrying into effect, and from which the state would have reaped benefits incalculable.— Who will not agree with the tditor of the Journal, that §IOO,OOO would have been wisely spent to have kept that man among the number of our citizens? Is it yet impos sible to innuce him to return? This is an in teresting subject, and an interesting mo ment. The commercial prosperity of Geor gia is daily decaying. Gentlemen should not let private feeiing weigh in the result of their deliberations. They should, being the goardians and protectors of the interests of the state, consider this subject entirely di vested of every idea but those connected with the interests of the state, and so decide lhat they may lay their hands upon their bo soms and appeal to that inward monitor for the correctness of feeling with which that de cision is formed. It has been asked—is it yet impossible but that he may be induced to return among us? It hoped not. Georgia was the theatre where he first displayed those talents which have created the admiration of the surroun ding states. Monumenl are yet standing to his fame, which evinced his disposition of once becoming a permanent resident, and if be has any partialities they must be here.— Let us not now speak of the causes which droye him from among us. Let us obliterate them. Let us bury them; and by a wise and magnanimous policy endeavor to make him bury them also. If we can judge of man from his acts, or of his leading passions from the effects of them, we may safely conclude that Fame is the star by which his course is steer- M. 48.