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CONSTANTINOPLE, J«iy 23.
The independence of the Ottoman Porte,
hitherto undernr/med by so many means
f more or Id's indirect, is at present cjicrdy
attacked. The agent of/the Ruffian Cabi..
*ct has just made known by note which he
has delivered to'the Rcis.cfFeiidi, the in
tention of his court to conclude a -defenfivc
and oft’, nllve alliance between the two States.
The declaration ofthis intension h*s spread
aiiiin throughout the Serngiio and has
thrown the Sultan Sdi« into the utmost
grief. The hlooci of the proud Ottomans
ft ill ruts inthe this Prince, .an ■ the
rcnu'mKrdßcc of ihtir glory is not effaced.
Inhisfirft conference, the Agent of the
Ruffian Cabinet made four different preposi
tions. We lhall here (peak only of the
fir ft. The following h its cbjtft, and near
ly its terms: “All the luhjccls of the
Turk till empire who profefs the re
ligion, fhal! pass under the proteflion x*f
Russia, and whenever they (hall be molcftcd
by the Turtces, the Porte (ball be holden to
do just ice to the representations of the Au
flfianambuflador, > ’
It is said that when this firft article was
presented to the Grand Seigrrior, he threw
away the paper with inaignaton, and bitter
tears ran down his- checks.—During fcreral
days he appeared agitated with the utmott
difquictudes. He afterwards ai’emblcd
thofc of the member* of the Divan who are
not fold to Ruflla. They all direftly agreed
that it would better become them to bury
thcmfelves under the ruins of Constantinople,
than t 5 sign a treaty which annihilates the
Ottoman power.
VERONA, September 3.
# ' His Kxcdlcncy Marshal Maflcna, Com
mander in chief of the army of Italy, has
established his head-quarters at Valeggio.
He reviews the different corps which fucccf
fiyely arrive. Ontheioth, the following
proclamation was put upon the order of the
army.
M Soldiers *f the armv of Italy, His
Majesty the Enrpeaor and King has appoin
ted ms your Coinrpatder in Chief. It is
grateful to me -to fee again my ancient com
panion!', and to find in th#m (he sentiments
which 1 knew them to pofTefs, attachment
to difcipHne, and devotion to their duty:
I lhall always speak t* them the language
of these sentiments, and it is a plcafure to
me to think that they will know how to
answer it, if the political circumftnnce* oblige
Hi* Majesty the Emperor and Kng to give
the signal of battle, in spite of the desire he
has conftnntly mamfitfted to maintain peace ;
Soldier* I you will remember that you arc
upon afield of battle, illustrated by hi# vic
tories, and that at every lUp w» ftiall find
“ I replace at your head a General dif
finguifhed by his fcrviccs, he i* tailed to
another deflination, whither no doubt your *
wiftics will accompany him : upon whatever
theatre His Majesty may place 11*, Soldiers,
let iw jollify his choice, and let u«ev«r have
but one thotgh: our Country and our
Empcrcr,
The Marshal of the Empire, Commander
in Chief, Signed, Massina,
LEMBERG, September 14.
To the different generals, which we hare
announced as having commends iu the two
Ruffian armies, under M. D’Aprrxin, are
added, the Count dc Buxhouden governor
of Ingea, and the generals of "infantry
Michelson and Gulcints/and, the Count de
Tolstoy, the military governor of St. Te
terfburgh.
The Pruflian frontiers arc innacceffiblc to s
the Ruffian armv, according to the declara
tion of his Pruflian tnajetty, to maintain a
ftridt neutrality, and also by the large
srnpes which cover the Pruflian frontiers. .
The Ruffian generals have been compelled
to avoid the Pruflian dominions in Poland.
BASLE, September 25.
The corps of Aullrian troojis in the en
virons of Rregcnrs, under the command of
General Wolfskell, departed on the 17 th of
this month, and proceeded inwards Upper
Swabia. This intelligence is certain, and
proves that the Austrian array has rot had
the temerity-to enter the territory of the
Helvetic republic, from whence it could
retreat with so much difficulty, and mor
eover allures us, that the flames of war arc
not to extend to us.
HAMBURGH, September 12.
His tnajetty the king of Pruffiajs now
canting to be built on the Spea, s new ftcre
which will be 300 feet in length, too in
breadth and fix ftorics high, it will con
tain a quantity of grain fufficienr to pro
vide for the whole capital during three
rein.
FRANKFORT, September 26.
According to letters from Munich, the
Archduke Ferdinand arrived at that city
on the icyth at sight. The Austrian min
ilier to Bavaria, Baron Schauenftem, has
repaired td\ Wurtzburg, to present various
demands on the Elector. The Austrian
command«r as Munich, has sequestered the
treasury of the Eleftor, allowing him only
fufiicientfor the support of his civil lift, and
personal expenech, \
P. S. This a letter of the aift,
from Munich, the arrival of the
* Emperor of Austria and\pern»any, at that
place. His majesty deparV to-morrow for
Landfbcrg,
•- * I
LOWER RHINE, September 2 i.j
Hitherto we have received no confirma
tion of the Austrians havirg entered Üb,
or being on their march for that cty-
Mecnwhilc all Germany is ar a great ctffis,
as well from the unexpe&edoccupation oißa
varn by the Austrians, as* from a denand
mad to the different princes’ of the empire,
in the name of the emperor ofßufiia, bt the
Ruftian Charge d’Affaircs, named filler,
who has set nut from Ratilbon, and trivclt
all over Germany, from ore court to anoth
er, with-the following note :
“ As his majesty the emperor of Rufli*
wilhes to know the fentiment* of each of (he
German princes, in the present circumstan
ces, he enquires by thefc prcfcnti, what
part your highness intends to take, in the
event of a war between France and the em
peror of Austria ? If nodecilivc aofwer be
returned to this enquiry, their imperial nw
jefties will conlider it as if your
had taken the part of the French, anc will
treat your country accordingly.” &c.
It is not known whether this note has al
so been sent to the court of Berlin, but
to Bavaria and Hesse Caffel they fay it has
been: if To, the anfwcrs do not fenm to
have been fatisfafVorv to the courts of Vicn
*
■a and St. Petcrfburgh, fincc it is aliened,
that the troops of Bavaria, Hslfe Caflel,
and Malic Darmftadt, will affcmhle on the
Prullian territory, where they will form an
atrny of 10,000 men. They will come to
a decition of what fide they will take, as
feon as the coprt of Berlin lhall make kpown. •
its determination.
NEWBURY PORT, November 4.
Phenomenon,-— We havn been told of
a mniifcrtfXy see n by um fiOiciiuv.n *n the
Labrador coast, the past fcafon it is said
that three men are ready toatteft under oath,
that they saw a being of the human fpccies,
about seven or eight feet high, with two
feperare and diftinft heads, and covered
with hair, walking ereft on the Ihore.
On difeovering the men (wh* were in a
boat about ten rods distance) he made off
with great fpecd, and loon disappeared.
PHILADELPHIA, November 13.
Letters by the Hannah from Ncw-Orlcans,
are to the 26th ult. They continue to
state several occurences which lead to a
supposition, that a state of tranquility can
not be long maintained. The Marquis de
Cafla Calvo had left New-Orleaoa for
Nachitoche, which occasioned various con
jectures. It was very confidently affertad,
that a very considerable body of cavalry had
arrived on the weftero frontier, either with
a view cf crclfmg thence to the Florida*,
or to remain there ready for any hidden
emergency. Thn frigate FW'ma had arri
*— X Linawiup nml 'tmiUcCt
Thcfe circumftanees, it is added, very na
turally awaken in us strong apprehcnlions
•f the continuance of peace.
FRANKFORT, Nov. 4.
Colleflor’s Office , Dijirtd of Mobley Port
of Fort Steildert, Augufi i,‘ 1805.
Sir,
I have to acknowledge the receipt of your
letter ot the 29th ult, w’ritten to me in
Spaailh, together with a tranllation thereof,
by William Simpson, which is as follows:—.
“Three or four nights ago, the fehr
Cato commanded by Cadet Freret, palled
this port, without, as is enftomary and re
quired, having Hopped to present a rnanifcft,
or lift ot her cargo and here as Ihc ought to
have done, paid the duties (hereon. Col.
Maxnat regrets that such attempts Ihould be
made in opposition to the laws of this gov
ernment and requests that ynu will, as com
mandant and collcdor at Fort Stoddert,
forward him by the firft occafxon a copy of
the clearance or cargo of the said fchr. that
this government may on her return, make
* legal demand of the duties on her cargo.
He moreover begs in future, that you will
desire all patroons of veflels to flop at this
pprt, and present their clearance from Fort
Stoddcrt, in order to prevent any unncceflfa
ry delay or trouble.”
In reply to your communication, I deem
it my duty to inform you, that the fchr.
Cato is owned and navigated by citizens of
the United States,, as appears from the en
rollment and license, which wern .granted
by the collector of New. Orleans for car
rying on the cnaftjng tnldc : and that on
the 23d ult. the said fchr. clea-ed out at
this ollicc, for the port of Bayon St. jfohn’s,
laden with cotton, the growth and produdl
of this country, together with a few bever
Heins; Ihc had therefore, an indcfeafibln
right fb procaed without touching at any
intermediate point. f
It is my carneft defireat all times to prr
fetve the g«od coirefpondence and harmony
which has hitherto subsisted between the
citizens of.this place and our Spanilh neigh
bors ; and I lhall mofl: cheerfully, ufn every
proper means in my power, to prevent in
• fringments of any law of Spain which comes
within my knowledge: but being well
allured that no isw can cxift, which con
travenes the stipulations and provisions con
tained in the treaty between the United
States and Spain, and being well convinced
that the exaflion ct duties as praftifed on
onr commerce palling the city of Mobiilc,
is not fanrtioned by the letter of that treaty,
and is diraftly opposed to the spirit. and
rsfonable conftruflion thereof j I must thnre
forc doubt the cxiftcnc* of a law authoring
such irspoGtion*, «rd trust they will rot be -
praftiftd in future.
Under thtfe impressions I cannot eor.fent
to forward the papers which you riqucft ;
n»r ca*i I, by any means, comply with the
latter clagfe of ycur letter; bccaufc the
laws of the United States hold her citizens
ftrlitly accountable for their aftions; and
lam in like manner held accountable for
pfnc; they like myfelf deem it «o crime,
for United States veifels, regularly licensed
for carrying on the coafling trade, to fail
freely, fr#m one of oer own ports to another
without fuffering any illegal detention or
imposition whatever.' Every proper mea
fsrc has been adopted by oar government to
feeure to her citizens the enjoyment cf free
and uninterrupted commerce, so far as her
own laws can extend ; and. treaties have
been entered into whh cqr neighbors which
feeure, and extend as far as we canexpcft or.
wish, those precious privileges. Is it be- .
eaufe a few of cur timid traders have failed/
to embrace these privileges, and have fuh
mitted to being stripped of almost one eighth
of their cargoes, when patting Mobille from
one of our own ports to another, that you
now call on me to aid you in this iniquitous
practice ? Or is it because this prafticc has
for some time prevailed, in contravention
ofexifting treaties, that it is now to be a
dopted, and the folcmn stipulations con
tained in those tteatics disregarded ? It is
prefomed not.
Our government pofleffing in a m«ft cx
tenfivp degree, the alfeftion and confidence
of her citizens, her laws and treaties are ob
served by them with the highest refpeft- and
veneration.
Oar treaty with Spain points out how
far the priviledgci of navigation {land com
merce (hall extend, and while that treaty
allows us to pass with ©ur veffds and effetfts
in the freeji manner, even to ports belonging
to an enemy, we find the officers of Spain at
Mpbillc aflfumfog the power of prohibiting
this freedom of commerce to extend from one
of our own ports to another.
These extraordinary proceedings will
doubtless undergo a proper investigation by
the government of the United States, but
in the mean time it is a duty incumbent on
the officers and inhabitants of both coun
tries, -‘o aft in conformity to existing trea
ties. I have therefore to request your at
tention to the ** treaty of friendffiip, lim
its and navigation between the United States
of America and the king of Spain,” entered
into at San Lorenzo el Real, in October
1795, also, the f< treaty between the Uni
ed States of America and the French Repub
ic,” entered into at Paris, the 30th April,
1803-i-in a partieulaqmanner to the ift ar
ticle thereof, as well as to the’ treaty bc
- tween prance and Spain, to which the said
1 ft article has reference.
S trust, fir, on a candid review of those
treaties, you will at once perceive that U
nited States’ vcflels palling frnm this to the
.port of Bayou St. John’s are mot obliged to
flop at Mobille, and that you have no
right to detain or xnoleft such vessels.
I am, fir,
, Refpeftfnlly,
Your most obdt, servant,
EDMUND P. GAINES.
COLO: FRAN'CO MAXIMO,
P. Maxsnt,
City of Mobille.
ExtraSl of a letter from a gentleman who
comnuintcattdthe above information,
t( Since the above was written, the
. fc©or.er Cato returned (about a month since)
from New-Orlcans bound to fort Stoddert.
Slje flopped at Mobille, and was instantly -
seized, and the captain who is a Frenchman,
was thrown intoprifon ; but he gave infor
mation unfavorable to the owner of the car
go and believe is now liberated.
“ The velTel and cargo are still in the
hands of the Spanilh officers, and it is fup
poiedwill be confiscated-w-tho’ the owner
of part of the cargo, Dr. Strong, was al.
together unconcerned in her cargo when Ihc
palfed down without calling at Mobille.
“ The whole waits the determination of
Gov. Folk, who resides at Panfacola.”
NORFOLK, November 22,
Fire ! —Yefterday morning about 7 o’-
clock, a Are broke out in a frame hoafe at
. the iaterfeftion of Commerce and Wide
Watcr-ftreets, which in a Ihcrt time com
mnoicated to the adjacent buildings, and
m a little time, ten or twelve houses were
cenfumed. The loss, except the value of
the beildings, we are well informed is small.
RALEIGH, December 2.
On Monday iafi, Nathaniel Alexander,
Esq. ©f Mecklenburg county, was elefted
Governor of this States for the enfoing year.
The committee appointed to enquire into
the expediency ofeltablilhing a State Bank,
have appointed a fub v ccrrmittee to draft a
bill for this purpofc ; and fcelieviig as we
do that such an infiiuatien would net
be a very great accommcuation to the chi.
zens of the state generally, by furnifhing a !
.circulatisg medium that would be every
where current, foreplace o«r present rag
ged paper, but produce a very Considerable
revenue te the state (without cxpence or
rilk) we cannot bet wish it may be carried
in to ffteft.'
CHAR.LESTON, December 4.
Wc are enabled to state, frem a ccrreft
source, (fays a fhilcdolfhia faferj that
the Titfnfii-jf ambcHador, Sidl Solyman
Meliineli, intends to telido permanently i n
the United States. TRis circumfiaaco
evinces, that the Barbary powars are faft
approaching to tke civilized policy of the
Europeans, and we may indulge the hop®
that even they may yet b« brought to rcfpeft
the laws of nations. With a pcrmancat
atnbaffador here, Tunis will have very
corrcdf information refptfliag our vast re
sources, and our ability to protect the A
merican commerce; and we nay fafely
calculate cn a film peuce with that regency.
COLUMBIA (s. c.) December 4.
The houfeof representatives yetlerday a.
dopted a refolutica, appointed a committee
to bring in a hill to prohibit the importa
tion of Haves in this state, from beyond
ftascr elfcwhere-—Ayes 6i Nays 27.
HYDRAULIC ENGINE.
In the Aarorh of the 14th instant, we
publilhed from another paper, foiae account
of a machine,. which the inventor, called
le Belter Hydraulic, from belter, a ram ;
which is also the *a»c of the ancient warlike
machine, we call a battering ram, the
analogy being found in the force with which
the hydraulic belter or ram, throws water
to a great elevation of distance. From yhe
accounts given of this machine, its value
rnuft be of the fit ft oonfequcßce in civilized
focicty, and merits the attention of every
man who feels an interest in the community,
in public comfort, or in promoting the
ufeful fcicnces.
The account given by Mr. JlfFerfen of
this machine, leaves its operation upon a
small but ufeful fcalc out of all doubt:
though the machine which he has Teen, and
that which is at Richmond, appear to be
mere miniatures, compared with those which
we understand have been fconftrudfed in
France by the celebrated and ingenious in
ventor, who we find, is the fame Mr,
Montgolfier, who difeovered and conftrudted
bailtons.
It appears that this machine had been
submitted to the National Inftirutc of
France, and fubjedled to a series of experi,
ments in their prefeace ; when it being dc
raoaftrated, chat by the fall of a given por
tion of water from an inconsiderable height,
the machine being put in motion, railed
part of the fans water to the atqazlng bight
of 1 ?So feet.
We find that in France this important
difeov'ery has been already applied to purpo
ses the moll ufeful, the following is an ab
ftradl of an account publilhed by a private
citizeo who conftrufted 0ne.../* My ma
chine consists (imply of a hrafs bell or funnel
of 2 feet high by 16 inches wide; which
whea once put in unman by the prcHare of
the descending water; will through .the
meaas of a couple of valves, be kept as it
were in perpetual adlion, for it will not Hop
as long as it is fupplicd with the nccefory
quantity of water; it procures me 6co
weight of water in an hour, throwing it up
a perpendicular hight of one hundred and
eight feet nine inches above the spot where
the machine is fixed, and by that means
fupplics my house with water, which was
before distant from it ; and all this effeft
produced by the fall of a small ran from the
moderate height of 4 feet 8 inches."
From this description of the effedl and
cause, though it does clearly enough define
the mode of operation, bnt which is said t®
be extremely Ample, it is apparent that the
ejfea may Reproduced in any degree accor
ding to the ratio of the power, and that
wherever there cxifts a fall of water, natu
ral or artifical, the pteffare «f that fall of
water, may by a mod simple and plain
piece of tnechanifm, be brought to raise a
conftderable portion of itfelf to a«y height
without the aid of any other power, aad
we are totd that the expcnce which accords
with the defeription, would be very small;
and repairs seldom required, as it confids
only #f a few pipes of (olid raetal-.-without
mill ,work, wheels, pumps, or the force of
steam by fire, upon which many millions
are now expended in Europe. The uses to
which tbs Hydraulic Ran has been applied
in France already are numerous, one very
important ufc is draiming land which has
been inundated.
A paper deferiptive of its uses, printed at
Bourdeaux, separate from any thing which
we have here said, after deferibing the pow
er of this machine, fays that it has been
employed for the purpose of irrigation or
watering land* in elevated positions, in
fmiteries, vineyards, and garden* for rai
ling Efculcnt vegetables, with great fuecefs
ajd •ncreafe of the crops : that men of
fcier.ee give it the preference over all other
- hydraulic machines, because it not only
perforates what is done by all others, but
in much less time. By it referveirs are
supplied, and bafons formed by which mea
dows, Ihrubbcries aad pleafute grounds are
• improved both in use and ornament ; and
it is fufceptihle of application to all tke
purposes of supplying towns, furnllhing
jets-de caux cascades, and those purposes
to which water is applied in machinery.
This account w'e pubiiTn with a hope that
some of our ingenious mechanics may turn
their attention,to it, and with an expedi
tion that it will be produdtive of many
public advantages.