Newspaper Page Text
the communications mack by the Proficient
were confidential, and that the members of
the Honfe remained under an injunction of
fec.recy with regard to them ; and that ano
ther part was not confidential. This part
embraces, among others, the following
documents.
1. A,letter from Governor Claiborne to
the Secretary ot orate, dated, Oftobcr 24,
1 gos, in which, after (fating the prepara
tions'malar 4 by the Spaniards at Pcnfacola
and other places, he fays ; “ 1 flatter my
felf that heftilitics between the U. States
and Spain may be avoided, and that an
honorable adjustment of ocir differences may
. ensue. But lam inclined to think that the
Spanish agents calecnlaie on a speedy rapture
and arc making ali the preparations that
their means permit to commence the war in
this quarter.”
2. Statements refpefting the detention of
thf American Gan. Boats.
3. Correnfpondeace between Governor
Ci.tib'«rnc and the Marquis de Cafa Calvo
on exempting the Spanish officers from muni
cipal raxes.
,4. Curnrfpondenre between Governor
Williams of the Maffiffippi territory and
Gov. Grandpre, with fiindry comnauncai
tions to the Secretary of State on outrages
committed in the Mississippi terri'ory.
Documents to friew that the settlement
of C.iyon Pierrcon the Red river, at which
a principal at'greffion took place* was ori
ginally made by France, while possessing
Lotiifiana, and came to the poflhffion of
Spain only by the general delivery cf
Louisiana to her arid as v part of it.
6. ExtraCt of a letter from C. Pinkney,
dated Aug. 1805, as well as one dated,
Sept amber • 22, 1805, rdpedtirg Spanish
spoliations.
y. Communications from Gov. Clai
' borne, dated October 24, 1805, rcfpcdiug
obllruftions on the Mobile.
8. Copy of a letter from the commander
of the flop Auntrefs to the Secretary of the
Navy.
Ex/rniVfrom Governor M ( Kenn's
AD/)RBSS.
In difeharging the duties afligned to the
Executive Magiftrutes, 1 find little to com
municate for your information, or to recom
mend for your interpofuion, that has not,
upon former occaflons, been submitted to
the confide rat ion of the Lcgillaturc. The
national prosperity continues to be the aim
and the effect of the wife and virtuous la
bours of the federal administration : while
the immediate prosperity of Pennsylvania
confpicioufly difplaj s theindufiry, morali
ty and public spirit of her citizens.
There has not appeared to me, fellow cit
izens, a period in my administration more
aufpieious to press upon your attention the
51-c at points of republican policy ; I mean
the institutions of public education, of pub
lic juftico, and of public force.
Our government is a republic, in whicli
the people constantly aft, through the medi
um of the representative principle. Such
a government mull he a typ» of the people
ihemfelvcs, and wifi be good or bad, just
as they are, or areuof, virtuous and intel
ligent. To inculcate virtue and promote
knowledge among the people, is, therefore
the natural, the ncteflary course for invigor,
ating and perpetuating a republican govern
ment. The framers ©f the conftitutton of
Pennsylvania (an instrument that does honor
to the human intclle(f) aware of. the princi
ple, which is efthntial to effefluate their
great work, emphatically declared, <* that
the Lcgiilaturc lhall, as feon as convenient
ly may he, provide by law, lor the cftablifh
mem of schools throughout the state, in
such manner that the poer may be taught
gratis.” Let me, then, claim an early at
tention for the important fubjett. it re
mains with yop, by making an adequate
provifioa, for men of science in public fc
minarics, to introduce a general fyltem of
education, that (hall infufe into the mind of
every citizen, a knowledge of his rights and
duties ; -that (bail excite (he ufcful ambition
of excelling in stations, of public trust ; and
that (hall guard the representative principle
from the abuses of intrigue and impoflurc.
• The next great point, in a republican go
vernment, is the eftabiifhmeni of a pure,
able and efficient administration ofjuftice.
The organization of the judicial power of
Pennsylvania has been long and fairly con.
demned. But there is not a defeft fuggefi
cd, from any quarter, which the Lcgilla
tore is not competent to remedy. The an.
thorny of the Judges may be reftridkd and
enlarged. The law which they difperffe,
whetherftatute law, or common law, may
be annulled or modified. The delay of
just ice may be obviated by inercafirg the
number of Judges, in proponion to the
obvious increase of judicial hufmefsj or by
inflituting local tribunals where local causes
demand a rnorecenftant excrcife of jurifdic
ticn. With this view of the fubjeft, and
anxioos to destroy every pretence for an at
tack upon our constitution, I pray you,
gentlemen, to engage, head ar-d heart, in
every ncccflfary, in every salutary reform.
For the CHRONICLE,
Ma. Editor,
As I was looking over the SpeAator the
other eveaing, and admiring its cxcelle*-
cics, I could not forbear throwing together »
forae obvious reflexions on periodical essays
generally. If you think them worthy of it,
please to give them publication.
One of the most pleasing and perhaps
fuccefsful ways, of diffeminatiag ufeful
knowledge and polite literature, has been
that of writing periodical essays. Under
that form have fume of the grcateil literary
characters in Europe, given the world their
sentiments on civil, moral and political fub
jcCfp.
What gives this species of writing a pe
culiar advantage over any other, is that the
author is always unknown, and therefore
more at liberty to lay open his thoughts,
and expose to ridicule the. vices and tollies
•f the rgc without reserve.
In these writings, the scholar may fee
the folly of immuring himfelf in his defer
without attempting to acquire that know
ledge of the world, which is so indifpeafably
neccffary to render him fcrviccable to his
fellow.creatures.
In these books too, the nan of falhion
may fee the abfurditv of making himfelf a
Have to the caprices of fancy, while he nc
gleds acquirements of a more substantial
nature.
In these the diflipated man may fee the
stupidity of devoting himfelf to riot and de.
bauchcry, thinking to (hew himfelf as a
man of spirit, while he degrades himfelf
below the brutes.
Hera the painted belle is dripped of her
disguise ; the in tricar# mazes of the co
quette's heart are unravelled, and the folly
of prudldi modesty exposed to ridicule and
contempt.
In short, these books area kind of mirror,
in which any one. may fee his own character
almost exactly drawn, and may thereby
check his vices, correX his foibles, strength
en his virtue and reform his life.
This kind of writing requires a greater
fund of wit and learning than mod men pos
sess. The writer muff be jierfeCily acquaint
ed with mankind, and have a thorough
knowledge of the human heart, in order to
bn able to touch every character and expose
every vice with success. To write a book
on any particular fnbjeCt, requires a know
ledge of that fubjeCl; but to write a volume
of essays, requires a knowledge of every
fuhjc/f.
Addifou, Steele, Johnson, Goldsmith,
Knox and fame others, hare done honor to
English literature, by this kiud of compe
fition. Addison and Goldsmith have writ
ten, though not with the depth of Locke,
yet with ease and grace of polite and ae
complilhed gentlemen, united with the ho
nedy and morality of the chridian. They
have aimed rather at follies than vices ;
and have touched every fubjeft with such
a delicate hand, that every reader is pleased
with their writing, whilu he feels himfelf
wounded by their fatirc. They havu exhi
bited the foolidmefs and vanity of many of
the pursuits of mankind under such a variety
of forms, and so beautifully contraded them
with their opposite characters, that with a
plcafant satire they seem almost to laugh us
into virtue.
Johnfo* has more strength of style, and
generally more depth of reflexion. Hu aims
morcdireXly at vice ; his fatirc has less de
licacy, but no less pungent than that of Ad
dison and Goldsmith. In the Rambler is
difeovered the man of genius and principles;
virtue is depiXed as altogether lovely and
amiable, while vice is painted in her native
deformity. Knox's writings are diftin
gnilhed by the unaffeXed elegance of the
composition, the justness us the funtiments
and an open and ingenious manner of deliver
ing them.
One peculiar excellence of the writings of
these men is that their satire is not aimed at
particular men or sets of men ; but the fool
ifn and the wicked of whatever rank or de
gree are alike exposed to their (hafts. Here
are to be found just sentiments on almost
every fubjeft, and they aru equally ufeful for
inftruXion or amusement.
It mud be confeffcd however that they
contain many things which admit of little
application to the circumdanees us this
eoentry. They allude to customs and fa(h
ions which prevail in England and other
parts ot Europe, which as yet do not, and
many of which, we hope, never will prevail
here.
Although we may bu sometimes at a loss
for just conceptions of their meaning, when
they allude to unknown customs; yet it mud
be remembered, that they give us more cor
rect and fatisfaXory information of the ha
bits and manners of common life, than can
be obtained from any other source.
It is to the mere alUifioni of the authors
of didant ages and countries, without any
intention of giving a historical narration,
that we are indebted for the little knowledge
we have, of their customs in common life.
If fomc man of approved abilities, integ
rity, and learning, were to write a series of
essays and with drift impartiality, !afh vice
in, however gaudy colours it m ight appesr,
and by whatever authority it might be fsne
lioned, praise virtue however mean and
unfalhionablc; it might perhaps be a fucefs.
fill effort towards reftrainie g the licentious.
nefs, reforming the manners and corrcXing
the, taftc of our countrymen his work,
would be more beneficial to American read
ers than the European essays, bccaufc they
1 would be mote, peculiarly ada pled to the
circumftanccs of our country.
A confiderablc part howevever of the pe
riodical cffays which have been publilhed in
England are on fubjefts which concern all
men alike, aed as long as any taftc for ufe
ful learning aid polite literature remains, the
i satire of Addison, the pointed sarcasm of
Jehnfon, the ingenious pleasantry of Gold
smith, and the open ingcniouncfs of Knox,
will continue to be read and admired.
LECTOR.
WURTZBURG, Oftob*r4.
This day the following addrcfs was pub
lished ;
ORDER OF THE DAY.
Bavarian Soldiers ! — 1 hare pat myfelf
at the head of my armies to deliver year
country from unjust aggrelSons. The houte
of Austria will annul your independence and
incorporate you in its extended dominions—,
you will be faithful to the memory of yeur
ancestors who have fame time been subdued,
but never loft their courage, and have al
ways maintained their independence and
political exiftcnce, in which consists the
principal riches of a nation, just as fidelity
to the House of Palatine is the firft of your
duties,. 1 was always sensible, as a faith
ful ally of your sovereign, of the marks of
love which yeuhave fhewnhim in this mo
mentous moment. I know your bravery—
I flatter mylelf to be able to fay, after the
firft battle, to your EleClor and to my
people, that yoa are worthy to fight in the
bodies of the great army.—NAPOLEON.
From the NETHER ELBE, Sept. 27.
There is a report of a misunderstanding
already between Austria and Ruflia, as to
maintenance of the troops of the latter.
PARIS, September 29.
After the report of‘M. Villot-Trerille
had beo« read, in the fitting of the 26th, in
the Tribunate, several members of the cora
miflion deli vered their sentiments. M. Jau.
bert, made the following observation.
“ Ruflia (ball he disappointed ; and Austria,
who breaks her alliance, to share in the plun .
ders of the Englilk cabinet, must, as an ex
ample to princes, and for the security of na
tions, find its fer.tence in these memorable
words of Charles the IVth, recorded in the
famous Golden Bull. i( Every kingdom de
vided within itfelf is consigned to devalua
tion ; for its chiefs arc become the associ
ates of thieves.’ ’
Ofloher 18,
Letter from his Majejly the Emperor and
King , to the Prefect and the Mayor of
the city of Paris,
Gentlemen thePerfcft and M.yors of our
good city of Paris—our troops in the battle
ofWertingen having defeated twelve bat
talions of grenadiers, the flower of the Au
strian army, all their artillery remaining
in our power as well as a great number of
prisoners and eight stand of colours, we
have determined to make a present of the
colours to our good city of Paris and of two
pieces of cannon, to remain in the Town-
Hall. We desire that our good city of Pa
ris shall fee in this remembrance and in this
gift, which ought to be so much the more
precious, as it was its governor who com
minded our troops in the battle of Wertin
geu, the love which we bear it.
This letter being far no other and, we
pray God that he will have you in his holy
keeping. NAPOLEON. 7
ALEXANDRIA, December
On Tucfday last the Grand Jury for the
body of this county , returned to the court,
a bill of indictment against John Atkins,
alias John Atkius Purford, as a true bill.
It charges him with committing, ou the
30th day of July last, a highway robbery
on tha person of John Peters. The indict
ment is drawn into confiderablc length, by
deferiptions of the different bank notes of
which Mr Peters was robbed.
It may, perhaps, to our distant readers,
not be improper to mention, that John At
kins, alias John Atkins Burford, is, by
birth, an Englifkman, and, we believe, a
native of Sheffield ; that after living some
time - in different parts of this continent, he
married the widow of a refpeftable trades
man in this town, and conduced a business
which fecurcd to its former poffeflbr, refpcCt
comfort, aqd the power of accumulating
property.
The Hoop Sarah,* capt. 8u11,,(a North
River coaster) on his passage from Cornwall
for New York laden with lumber, provi
sions, Ac, and having more than 40 paffcti
gers on board, was upset in a squall about
23 miles from this city, between two and
three o’clock yeftorday morning, and, we
arc forty to add, that thirteen of her paflen
gers were drowned, amongst whom were
Mr. and Mrs. Huey of New-York, Mrs. ,
Van Gelder and daughter, Mil's Phebe
Smith, and Mr. James Duff.—The passen
gers were all in the cabin at the time of the
accident, and those who were preserved
were taken out of a hole cut through the
quarter-deck for that purpose.—Wu under
stand the sloop has drifted alhore about 13
miles above the city..— Ne<w.Yerk paper ,
AUGUSTA, Dec. 28.
PRICES CURRENT IN AUGUSTA.
D. CtS. D. CtS.
Tobacco, - - 3 50 3 62 1 Cadi
Cotton, - - 20 Do
Salt, - -1 50
Deer Skins, - - 25;
Bees Wax, - - - 25
♦ _
GEORGIA LEGISLATURE.
The following is a lift of the LAWS sassed
by the Legijlature of this State:, during
the last ctjfun.
AN ACT,
. To authorifc the Mayor and Aldermen of
the city of Savannah, to eftahliih a watch
in (aid city.
To amend the fevnral ails for regulating
quarantine, Sec. Sec,
For the better regulating the town of
Darien.
To alter and amend the fevcral afts for
regulating the town ©fSuabury, Sec.
To establish a Ware-House and Inflec
tion of Tobacco, on the lands of J. D.
Terrell, on Tugalo river, Franklin county.
To repeal an aft, entitled “ an aft to,
eftahliih an academy or Seminary of Learning'
at Sunbury, Liberty county.”
To authorize the Inferior Court of Frank
lin County to lay an extra tax for county
purposes, See .
Toincrcafe the funds of the Prcfbyterian
Church in Savannah, fcc.
To secure to Churches and Religious
Societies, the Lots of Land conveyed to
them, Sc c.
To alter and change the name of Daniel
Sharp, to that of Daniel Nunez.
To authorize the Inferior Court of
Wilkes, to levy an extra tax, Sec.
To alter and change the name of Thomas
Keys, to that of Thomas Allen.
For the better regulating and government
of the Town of Sparta.
To raise a tax for the fepport of govern
ment for the year 1806.
To authorize the Inferior Court of the
County of Bryan, to levy and colleft an
extra county tax, and appropriate the fame
to any county purposes.
To alter and change the names of. Betsey
Burton, Sally Burton and Matilda Burton,
minors.
To amend a* aft, entitled (( an aft to
regulate Efcheats.”
To alter aid amend an aft refpcftiig
Vendue Masters, Sec.
To authorize the Jiftices of the Inferior
Court of the County of Greene, to lay an
extra tax, for building a Court-Hoi(e and
Jail, and fixing the site thereof.
To repeal the id feftion of the aft to
make distribution of the late ceflion of land.
Sec, Sec. and the 3J feftion of an aft to
compel trefpaflers on the lands fouth of the
Oconee, to return, ice.
To repeal an aft, entitled “ an aft for
inflifting penalties on and confifcating the
estates of persons therein named,” so far as
refpefts the banilhment of John Boykin, fen.
To authorize the Inferior Courts of the
several Counties to cftablifti ferries and
bridges.
To divorce James Brown and Ablgal
his wife.
To amend the Militia Law of thit date.
Forth* better feleftion and drawing of
Grand Jurors.
To amend the aft for the limitation of
aft ion s.
To ameid an aft to carry |into effeft the
6th feftion of the 3d article of the Constitu
tion of this date.
To amend the road laws, so far as rc..
fpefts the counties of Bryan, Liberty,
M‘lntolh, Glynn and Camden.
To incorporate a company for the im
provement of the navigation of the River
Oconee.
To define , the number of Commissioners
for Milledgeville, and to extend their
powers.
Appointing Commiflioners to fell and
difpofeof the fractional parts ol lands in the
counties of Wilkinfoa, Baldwin and Wayne.
To organize the counties of Wilkinson
and Baldwin.
To appoint Commifiioners for the better
regulation and government ol the town cf
Washington aid for incorporating the fame.
To amend the aft regulating the distribu
tion of intestate estates. Sec.
To extend the time for carrying into
effeft the Lottery for the Academy of Wflkes
ciunty.
To amend the several road laws, fa far as
refpefts the county of Burke.
To amend an aft tor ordering and govern
ment of Haves, Sec.
Defining the counties of Glynn Wayne
and Camden, and to organize the county of
Wayne.
To appropriate monies for the year 1 8oh°
Louisville, Dec. 14*
Oa the yrh inftart, the Legislature elefted
J.hnHarbert, A. M. Dcvcreaux, Howell
Cobh, Henry Cailton and Davis Grefbam,
Bfqrs. commiflioners of the town of Mil
ledgeville.
On the fame day, Moles. Speer, Lea
dick. Simms,,, and Patrick Jack, Efq^