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VOL. i. the southern sentinel Is published every Thursday Evening IX COLUMBUS, GA. By WM, H. CHAMBERS, EDITOR AND PROPRIETOR. OJfte up stairs, Corner of Broad and ■ Randolph sts. Terms of Subscription. One ccpy twelve months, in advance, - - S2 50 “ “i “ “ At the end of the year, 300 “ “ “ “ After the year expires, 400 Rates of Advertising. One sqire, first insertion, - - - • §1 00 “ * . Each subsequent insertion, - - 50 Contracts will be made for advertising by th<’ quarter, •or by theiycat, at liberal didnctions from the above rates All obituary and marriage notices must be accompanied by >t r*s;*ni(i.b!e name, and where they exceed one square they will charged as other advertisements. To Co*tKsrosdents.—All communications must be iKtdressed ipost paid) to the I’ropriotnr at this p'acc. Contributions must be accompanied with the real name of the writet. Sale of Lots in the Town of OGLE T El O IS 8 s E. yiSAIIK nndeiligncd, being the owner of GOO acres of Land, Vest of Flint River, on which the tHoulh-W estern Railroad will, for the present, and per haps for many >iar to ernne, terminate, will soon have it surveyed and divided into Lots of suitable siz-- for bu mness and and will offer them for sale, i at public outcrjtcn the premises, on the IG th day of January next. The site of theionteinplated town is in ‘v!ae#n comi ty, about two m. 1* above Traveller's Rest, upon high, dry and elevated i|ie land, with good pure water, freo from lime. On tlaf West side of the lliver there is but : a narrow strip of teyond low ground, entirely free from inarshes and iagoojp. The plan of th- town will soon he lithographed and copies distributed iif he principal towns and cities of the • State, for inspectiti by those wish to purchase i lots. An act of iidprporation, under the name of the j iownof Oglethorpeiviii be applied for at the approach- j ng seas on of the Lrfslature. it is now certain that the ! Railroad will he conflicted to that point in time for the j crop of 1850. The grading is progressing rapidly, and j the iron for the Roacas far as Oglethorpe is contracted j for, to be delivered inSavannah next January. The attention of cadtalists, and of a.ll who may wish j In share in the Imsitar-s which will spring up in a place j where at least Tfi.OlMbalrs of cotton will be sold ail- i Dually, is respectfully Lviyd to the sale of the lets above j specified. An inspection if the map will show that it is 1 the point where the bircnea of the great cotton-growing j section of Georgia wiij conVntrnle. It will be a trade j worth contending for. ! NotVily will the counties West I >f Flint River now furnish ‘totally 7U,())0 bales of eot- j ton to be shipped from t)gh tVrpe, but tlw opening of a | Railroad to that point will Uiiii that important and grow- i ing section of Georgia into eke proximity to a market 1 for their produce, and wiil be l* means of bringing into 1 cultivation thousands of acres <S!and now lying idle, and 1 thus the quantity of cotton prfnced will be greatly iu creasfd. , Xb"ef.?risA c .Jte ffife will be*liberal, being one-fourth ; cash, ond the remainder in two equal instalments of one i and two years. The titles will be indisputable. I have a complete, unbroken ciiain of titles, from the State down i to myself. E. G. CAB A MSS. | November 15t,.1319. 44—ts S•SO SScwsss'd. STOLEN from the residence of the subscriber, V>c- ] tween the 27th December, and the Ist of Jann- j nrv. a note on W illiam J. Shields, dated Till of j March, 1849, and payable one day alter date, to Bos well & Billing, for seventy-nine dollars. The public is cautioned against trading for as payment will be stopped. W 9 Als<. * deed from to Elizabeth A. Holley, for City Lot, N’o.Ac9, OrJetUni-pe street; and other papers, of no vnltiwo any-other person.— ] ‘IVn dollars will be paid for the reeoA*rv of the papers . and fifty dollars for proof to convict the thief. ELIZVBETIi A. HOLLEY. j Columbus, Jan. 3 1 3t .SSO REWARD. j “W® UNA WAY from tlie subscriber, about the 15th ; .04®’ February last, a small uyjHltn woman, hv the j name of FRAXCES, she is ■ rTort toil or rlr- i Yrn inches high, speaks quick aiuMfn and loud, with ra- j Ihor a squeaking voice, her pioject ra tlcr more than is common for she had rings : iu her cars when she left, and something on her head. I will pay fifty tp a’ Jnir the apprehen- ] twon and safe keeping of her can get her. I will also pay a liberal reward for proof sufficient to eon- ! vict any person of harboring her, as I have reasons to by- , liove she is concealeu by some ope, S. T. AUS TIX. , J, BMEETON, ‘ey -SO. “Sf ATE of New York, begs respectfully to an- j jjjjj j nouncp to the citizens of Columbus and its vi oinity, that he has taken a store Broad st. opposite j the Times Office,” carrying on the above business. Persons seeking an on a timed garment, j & ill do well to avail themsi*ves Ids superior style of All orders thankfully received and punctually I ftUsuded to. Observe the address. J. S M F.ETON, Ta i lor, Broad st. opuu.-Ue the i iiue.s < )iSee. October 13,1515). 4 --3 m imp3®Ant TO MILL 01Va AA\5) PLASTERS. undersigned will contract for building . JL Rock Dajis, or any kin dos rock wdrlt and , ditching, in any part o! this Mate or Georgia!in the i most improved manner. v TIMOTMY B. COLLINS, Fort Mitch'S, Russell, ('•>■ Ala. Dec. 6,1549. f &*• YNDERSON Sc MeELIIANY, J > ESI’ECTFULLY inform the. citizens of Cohimtois IV nnd adjacent countiv, that they*ha\e tilted an utliec over I. G. STttuPEtt’B store, on Randolph street, where they ure prepared to execute, in the btVt Ttumuer, all branch es of the profession, according latest and most ap proved discoveries of the art. In addition to the alWc, th A all tlie facilities for M 1 .V UFACTURIXG TsETll, w.iieh must give them advantages over all otherfln lie construction of en tire Denturesras their teeth a” cSrveti in blocks with gums, which not only gives grfcte* strength than those put up sirtglv, but presents a in or ell ai urtil and life-like appearance. Specimens of workmanship can be seen by calling at their office. Operations guarantied. Term’ very reasonable. Bpbr. A. would add, that he has had more than ten year's experience in an extensive practice in Philadelphia aud vicinity, and flatters himself with being able to give en tire satisfaction in every branch of the profession. Re commendations of the highest order can be seen at the ffice. Dec. 6,1849. * ♦ *l9 3m A. ir^NTYRE WOULD inform tB (Wizens ot Columbus, that he T T has discovered wHjroeess. Lv which lie is en abled to bring the DAmIEREO I \ PF, to a hitherto ineonceiveable state ofM>eAction, aid one altogether .unattainable by any oihV operator. He would also take | .this method of respectfully inviting the public to exam ine the numerous specimens at his gallery. The atten tion of the Ladies is particularly soli-nted to inspect his, fine assortment of beautiful cases and medallons. finish ed in an entirely new style, and just received from New York. Columbus, Dec. 27, 1819 52 ts i LABOR —sv Miss ph<ebe cake*. What a hushed and solemn stillness Did the pulse of Nature keep, As in the early morning I lay awake from sleep, And longed for something that would break The siience, calm and deep— Till I heard the first faint footfall Echo in the street below, And th"n I heard the restless hum Louder and nearer grow, Till it seemed as if a mu’titudo Were hurrying to and fro. But now the dawn has broken, And labor calls her train Up from tlie slumbers of the night, In tlie town and o:i the plain, And life has put in motion Her thousand wheels again. And I bless thee, O my Father, That I refreshed can start Fiom my bed of pleasant slumber, With willing hand and heart, •Still m the busy scenes of life To act my humble part. Y<-t. thank God, for human labor— That man can plough the soil, And in tiie mighty field of thought •Search for the hidden spoil ; O ! I'd rather never know reposo, Than never think and toil. The Legacy. ‘I never in my life know any people so lucky as George Andrews and his wife,’ observed ! Mrs. Henderson nno evening to her husband in a tone, which bordered strongly on complaint. | *\\ hat has happened to them now, Sophia,’ I inquired lit*, suspending his pen, and looking np [ with a stronger sense ot interest in his wife’s : feelings, however, Tuan in his neighbors’ for- ‘ tunes, ‘Have yon not heard, Philip, that a cousin of j his had died in India, and left him six or seven j iho isaiid pound.-.? Only think of receiving such ; a legacy iroin a person mm has never seen, and i scarcely e\er heard of!’ ‘I am glad to hear it,’ renlied Mr. Henderson. 1 ‘One may congratulate him on his accession ofj wealth without fear of giving rise to painful re- j gre's. Six thousand pounds would not console j one for the loss ot a very dear ‘Viend.’ ‘Six thousand pounds would be very pleasant I to inherit, Philip,’ replied the lady, *in atone! which seemed to imply that it would console her j for a great deal. *1 wish somebody would ! leave as much to vou ; bow happy i; would make I us !* j ‘I am not so sore of that ; such an addition to our income might possibly make tis neither hapoier nor richer than we are at present.’ ‘Not richer! Why, Philip, you are joking, j Would not three bunded a year —and, if /roper- j ly managed, it would produce that—mak us a 1 great deal richer ? \\ hat an advantage it vould j be!’ ‘What do you need, Sophia, that you donof at j present possess, that you are so extremely te- I sirous ot a larger income?’ ‘Oh, a dozen things at least; we would pu. j Edward to a first-rate, school, and have a capital’ governess tor the others. What a pleasure that would be 1 l should be no more tied to teach- j ings, as I am now, but should be as independent j jof the nursery as Mrs. Andrews; and then, perhaps, yon would indulge me with a week in London ; and lam dying to hear an opera? I am sure you could alibi'd that once in a way.’ •[ hope we shall manage to put Edward to a good school, my dear,’said her husband rather’ gravely; ‘though, as to the, tuition ofthe girls, 1 I think you must still be contented to act the part j ofa mother towards them. And permit me to j say, that i trust your desire of going to London is ; ns visionary as your expectations of a legacy. ! Your happiness does not depend on either event, j l should imagine; ceitainly not near so much ; as on’ the cultivation of a cheerful and contented j spire, such as vou have always hitheito exhibit ed.’ No more was said on the subject, and Mr. Henderson trusted that as the first excitement of intelligence subsided, his wile’s inclination to discontent would iikewise die away, and that she would gradually resume the use of her reason and her habits of active usefulness. The inheritor of this unexpected legacy, meantime, did not view the affair in the bright colitis that dazzled Mrs. Henderson. On the contrary, he had many and serious thoughts on the subject. He was at the first moment, it is true, much pleased with this sudden accession ofj property, he experienced a great revolution ofj feeling ; and he began to doubt whether he was ; so lucky a man as his acquaintances universal-! ly denominated him. It w as, after all, so small j a sum—only six thousand pounds—it would hardly add to his income or increase j Why, had it not been ten thousand ? He would, he thought, have been quite satisfied with that; that would have been a handsome legacy, a something woith talking about, a gift to be; g. atelul for. Perhaps, had it been ten thousand, j he might have risen a step in the world, and | from senior clerk ol the extensive firm to which ] he belonged, he might have been admitted as j partner; a change which he ardently desired, j Why could not his cousin have made the legacy j I larger ? How provoking that, either from want ! !of interest in his welfare, or from any other i cause, he had stopped short of a sum which i would certainly have procured him, as he itnag- j iued, perfect happiness. The gloom which overspread his brow was I not unmarked by his affectionate w ile ; and sup- ! ! posing that he was over-wearied with his work, and standing in need of relaxation, she one day ! proposed that he should beg a short holiday from the office, and spend it with them at the sea-side. *1 cannot afford any such extravagant plea. ; sures,’ was his reply, somewhat impatiently, to : j her suggestion. ‘1 thought this legacy you have received would j have enabled you ?’ replied she rather timidly— ! then paused, ‘Legacy !’ repeated he : ‘1 am sick of the leg-a acv. After ail the congratulations with which | I am pestered, as if 1 had inherited halt the In- j i dies, to be owner of only six thousand pounds— it is too bad !’ ‘Nay, dear George, I cannot agree with you ; sixthiusand pounds is a large sum for us, and will make a most comfortable addition to our in come. lam sure I lee 1 grateful for it.’ -‘Grateful—|t"th 1 If Edward Davis wished me to be grateful, he should have left me some-’ ’ tiling woith i.aming|§j?-Upon my word 1 was asliamed to own this legacy, which has made so ’ milch noise, was only six thousand pounds when j the! eldest Walker asked nie about it to-day. COLUMBUS, GEORGIA, THURSDAY EVENING, JANUARY 10, 1850. How contemptible it must appear to him who makes mure than that clear profit every year !’ ‘But these things are all by comparison, George ; and a sum which Would be nothing to your employers may be very important to you. You would not, I am sure, like to lose this six thousand again, although you speak of it so j slightingly!’ He did not answer, and she after waiting a moment ventured to continue :—‘l on are tempt ed to take this gloomy view of matters, George, because you feel more than usually harassed with business. lam certain that is the only reason. Pray, for once take my advice, and try if the change of scene and little holiday I pro p.'se would not give you renewed strength and vigor for your work.’ She spoke in the most gentle and persuasive accents, but they were, lost oil a mind which listened only to the whisper of i newly awakened avarice. j Mr. Andrews, after pacing h room for some j minutes, seated himseii again by his wife, and j tried to make her understand the ambitious pro jects lie had formed, and the great promotion he j believed he had so narrowly missed. But she j was too clear-sighted and well principled to en ; courage visionary projects, which tended only to | disquiet the mind, and prevent him enjoying the I blessings which were lawfully his. To his plan ; *’f laying by tlie whole of this addition to their in j come she did not oi course object, if it was to ! enable her husband at some future time to retire j trom business ; but his wish to become proprie j tor ot the concern to which he belonged made , her sigh, as she thought of the responsibility he j desired lor himseii ; and she dreaded lest tlie ; sudden passion tor accumulation which had now seized him might lead him blither in the road of ■ covetousness than he at ail anticipated. But his ! project was fixed, and he resolved at all events to i become possessor ot >en thousand pounds, a pi e. j J iitninary step, as he imagined, to his great ad- ! j vuncement ; and seeing that she must submit, : site wisely submitted wiih a good grace, and rc ! signed her hopes of change of air for hersell and I children without a murmur, j Mr. Andrews and Mr. Henderson were clerks in the same concern ; but the former, both in - station and income, was considerably the senior, i ! and Mrs. Henderson had long been accustomed j : to eye with something approaching to envy the j | superior comforts and even elegancies which ] j Mrs. Andrews enjoyed. Not that there was j anything approaching to ostentation in their | j manner of living and in truth most of the indtii- j genres which Mrs. Henderson commented on or j j coveted were purchased from the comfortable j | portion which Mrs. Andrews had inherited from ! j her father. It was this which enabled them to i . setid their eldest son to a superior school, and it I was from this fund t**at the excellent governess I was paid, who shared with the mother the task : j of educating a numerous and increasing family. ! That people already possessed of so much should j inherit more, seemed an unnecessary addition, i and almost an unfair division of worldly goods, jto the jealous apprehension of Mrs. Henderson. | But had she known the truth, her envy must j have subsided into pity. From the possession I j of that ia!al legacy was the wife forced to date a ! | melancholy and most distressing alteration in her | husband; his whole nature seemed changed, ! and every hoi/orable, generous, and even ali’ec jtionate feeling, appeared smotl ered in a passion jLr gain. Quickly to accumulate the desired j. capita! was his thought by day, his dream by tight; and to accelerate this object, be tried in every possible way to curtail ail expenses not sfrctly unavoidable. Gtadually, but surely, Mrs, Andrews found herself deprived of numer ous trifles which her delicate health seemed to tequ.re ; their household was diminished, sub j sei'ipt'ons to charities witbdtawn, their pleasant j and cirnmodious house exchanged for ache-aper I abode ji a less healthy situation ; attd when it j | appeared that it was of too emit!acted a ciimen- ] ; sion to I'ceive them ail, she was told that she j must the-efoie give tip the governess. By de ! gives the whole expenses ofthe household were j reduced to the sum which was in truth Lor own, ! and her hinband was not to be prevailed on to extend its Shuts or al!ovv*her to touch his salary. Had honor, honesty, or prudence, dictated this ] proceeding, Yrs. Andrews would have submit ted w ithout a remonstrance ; her zeal in econo my would even have exceeded his; but to feel herself and her children deprived of those advan tages to which they bad been accustomed from birth, only to gratjy a fatally increasing disease ol her husband’s m ud, was hitler. But bitterer far was the loss ot bs affection and confidence— the painful coldness vhich had insensibly grown up between them. 1 was after a few years of j such a system that a imv prospect was suddenly j ; opened, in an oiler ol a tiarlnei ship from another j ] and a rival house. r l E prospect \\ its alluring ] i in every respect, the concern was supposed to j j be [feculiarlv flourishing, tnd ihe terms in which j j it was made were as flattering as they were ad- 1 : vantageous. Eagerly was the proposal grasped j ] by Mr. Andrews, it being superior to his hopes, ! and much beyond bis expecUrions ; and the im -1 ponanf.step was taken whicV raised him frym j servitude to a master’s place. | The vacancy this change occasioned was ot’. j 1 sered to Mr. Henderson, and b\ him thankfully ! and gratefully accepted ; but hit wife, though ] i now raised to tlie situation which she had loner . j coveted, found it by no means replete with ail j j the advantages she had been accusmmcd to as- j j crihe to it, and she sighed as she rdfiected how ! * little probable it was that any legacy would ever < j bestow on them the happiness which she belief. ! led Mrs. Andrews to enjoy. Satisfied with his j own advanced position, her husband pud little ! regard to her mm murs, for-ho was now enabled I to precure for his children such additional advan j tages in education as he considered useim orde i suable ; and lie pursued his daily avocations | with increased attention and satisfaction, inspire ■ ofthe restlessness of his wife, whom he vijnlv : tried to inspire with a like contented spirit, by , reminding lmr of tlie superior advantages they j now enjoyed to those with which they begin i life. A single glance into Mrs. Andrews’ mind would have rendered his arguments a work cf supererogation, and done mote to convert his 1 wife to his way of thinking, than halt a year’s j lecturing. j Being a woman of quick perception of charac ter and great penetration, poor Mrs. Andrews ! could not from the first, avoid feeling some de gree of mistrust for her husband’s partners. Lavish in their own expenditures, indeed indulg- Sing in an unbounded profusion, they yet took ev i erv possible method of llatteri g and strengthen ing the very opposite foible of George Andrews j (praising his prudence, envying his strength ol mind, and protesting that, if circumstances al i lowed if, they would certainly imitate his fore sight. These congratulations he received with a triumphant smile, which seemed to speak at j once his own self-approval, and his contempt for j his weak-minded companions. 1; ii willing as she was to judge anyone harsh- J ly, the wife could not think favorably of those | who thus fostered a weakness, or rather a vice so completely at variance with his bo st interests j and the happiness ot all those connected with tiem. She feared the flatterers, though unable to divine their motive ; and being now more than ever deprived ot her husband’s society, she occupied herself solely in directing her household, and giving her children the best education in her power. She imagined .that her husband must long ago have realized the sum often thousand pounds which he had asserted would be the ex tent of Lis ambition ; yet she saw no symptom oi relaxation in his avaricious habits, no improve ment to herself in her own situation. All was grasping, grinding economy, rendered more bit- J ter by the contrast which her husband’s compan- ! ions exhibited. But a startling nnd complete termination was I at length put to their trials and sorrows, for it i suddenly became known that the two senior part- j tiers in the business wore lied, taking with them every pound on which they could lay their grasp, a.ud leaving the whole concern in a state ot com plete ruin. Debts to an enormous amount ap peared due on every side, and it was evident that the business had long been on the verge of bank ruptcy, which had only been kept off for a brief interval by the capital Andrews had brought thorn. Ot course, though clear of their guilt, he was involved in their ruin, and at one blow the j labors of the last six years were destroyed, and the money on which he had set his heart swept away forever. The legacy, the source alike of pleasure and of pain, was now become as if it had never been ; and the vain desires and ar dent hopes which had been founded on it had proved vanity of vanities. But it was a happy blow for him ; he awoke as from a dream, and with the demolition of Lis ambitious projects there came other and better plans and feelings. After honestly giving up every farthing he pos sessed to the creditors, he looked around for em ployment to provide bread tor his family ; nor j did he seek in vain. A situation was once more j offered him in Mr. Walker’s house, and here he. i began the world again as at the first. •Well,’ said Mr. Henderson to his wife, ‘I ! agree with you in thinking Andrews a very for- | lunate man. it is true iliat he has lost the lega cy, but he has gained a lesson which lie will j never forget. And when I see him now so qui- \ etiy pursuing his business, and his wife with aj contented, or rather a happy look, 1 must class I him among the most fortunate men of my ac- i quaintance.’ lom Moore.—On a bed of pain, perhaps death, in a cottage in Devonshire, lies the greatest poet of the new tongue of Ireland. Af ter a life of nearly seventy years—for fifty ot which he has been famous—the son of a Dub lin grocer, the friend of Emmet, Grattan, Byron, and Eox, lies brushed in mind and heart, his memory with all its untold tales taken from him, j the quiver of his tancy emptied of its last arrow. I with many years and sorrows like oak and lead i wrapped about his body, in anticipation of the j grave. Poor “Tom Moore,” how grey and cold ! sets in the night of his long aud brilliant day ! j A Legislative Joke.—Some of the mem- j hers of ihe Alabama House of Representatives j were anxious to attend the races a week or two since, but the house refused to adjourn. A member then proposed a resolution for the ap-1 pointment of a committee to inquire into the i condition of the coiling of the Hal , which, as he j had been informed by a mechanic, was in.so j dangerous a stale that it was unsafe to stay j there. The House immediately adjourned some to the races—and the committee found the ceiling all right i Never lasteo Water.— i fie following re illy good one is told by a Western New York paper. It is capital. At one of our first hotels, a stout, red-faceo fellow, in a white beaver, .blue coat and buff | vest,offered to wager a -‘ten spot” that lie would , close his eyes, and simply by taste, name any I kind of liquor in the house. The bet was ta- | ken and the. process of winning or losing com- j menced forth with.•• This is genuine O.ard,” | said the fat gentleman, tasting from a wine- I glass—“and (his—this is whiskey, and so on j through the hotel’s “manifest” of hardware.— I A wag then poured a few drops of pure Cochit- ! uate into the glass and then handed to the con- j noisseur—“This is—ah—ah—-that is—(tasting I again) —by thunder ! gentlemen, I lose the bet. j I never tasted this liquor before ! It seems that the only liquid the taste ofj which he was entirely ignorant of was water. J i Pt.#fK Roads Profitable.—The S .Louis N. ‘ Era, throws some light upon the profits of plank ! roads. It says that the experiment lias been | tried in several parts of Ihe State of New York, j with tlie following results : ‘l’he Waterville and Utica road, nineteen miles! long, and costing -$34,000, has just declared a : dividend of ten per cent, payable to stockholder* 1 on demand, and ten per cent, laid by for repairs. ; The Uiica an I Bridgewater road, twenty miles 1 long, and cost ing 840,000. pays twenty-livelier j cent, regularly. The Roouviite road pays \ twenty-five percent. The Forea and Johnson i mad, lour miles long, and costing 83.000, pays j regularly fifty per cent. Tne proprietor of the line of stages on this j road, informed me that the re-suit of his expe- j rience in staging on plank roads was, that a! team of horses would perform nine miles an hour, including stops, or ten miles traveling : ! time, with the same case to themselves that : ! they perform six miles, on a good summer road. He further stated, that, in his opinion, there was no description of road on which a horse travel ed with as much ease to himself as on plank | roads, adding that there was a slight elasticity ; ’ which was highly favorable to the motion and ! ease of the horse* “Will you have a Daily Sun /” said a news- . ! boy to Mrs. Partington. “Will I have vl daily son ?” Why you little 1 scapegrace, how dare you insinuate against a lone woman from home ! No indeed—-! guess I wont’t have a daily son. My dear poor man used ti| complain awfully when I presented him ! with a yearly son. A daily son, indeed ! Be gone you little upstart imp”—and the old lady called for the old turkey fan to keep her from i swooning. An Important Invention. The following communication \va* handed to us by the author, Rufus Porter. E-q.. who is weli known to us as the former editor of the Scientific American, and as a man well versed in a knowledge of the arts and invention. II is a man of superior intelligence and of great honesty of character, and we do not hesitate (<• say, that any fact stated upon his own knowl edge may be relied upon implicitly. We do not know whether all the great results which he anticipates from the invention which he de scribes. can be rea iz -d ; but he has stated to ns some remarkable facts, the results of his own experiments, which would se*n to justify the anticipations in which he indulges. If the in vention shall turn out to be what the inventors now promise themselves it will be, it is cer tainly a most wonderful discovery, and will cre ate anew era in the arts and in civilization. Washington Union. Messrs. Editors — l am authorized to an nounce the discovery and practical test of the most important scientific invention ever yet produced or brought to liglit since the world has been inhabited by man—an invention which must eventually, and almost immediate ly, produce an immense revolution in the com mercial intercourse and business in general throughout the world ; and, although it will break down and ruin many of the most impor tant- branches of business and avenues of wealth, with hundreds of wealthy corporations and business establishments, yet it will build up thousands of others, and contribute hundreds ol millions to the benefit of mankind, especial ly to the American community. The first and main feature, and foundation of this invention, and which at once opens a field j for hundreds of other inventions, is the discov- j cry by Henry M. Paine, Esq., of a ready and j almost expenseless mode of decomposing wa ter and reducing it to the gaseous slate. B\ the simple operation of a very small machine, without galvanic batteries, or the consumption of metals or acids, and only the application of less than one. three-hundredth (l-3l)B) pa> t of one horse-power, Mr. Paine produces 201) cu hie feet of hydrogen gas, and 100 feet of oxy gen gas per hour. This quantity of these gas es, (the actual cost iff which is less than one j cent) will furnish as much heat by combustion j as 2,000 feet of the ordinary coal gas, and suf- ( iicient to supply light equal to three hundred ! common lamps for ten hours ; or to warm an ordinary dwelling house twelve hours, inclu ding the requisite heat for the kitchen ; or to supply the requisite heat for one lmrse-power ol steam. This invention has been tested by six | months’operation, applied to the lighting ofl houses, attd recently the applicability of these j gases to the wanning of houses has also been ! tested with perfectly satisfactory results. A J steam engine furnace and a parlor stove, both j adapted to the burningof these gases, have j been invented, and measures taken for secur- 1 ing patents therefor. Mr. Paine has one of Ids machines, new and ; elegant, now in full operation and publicly ex hibited, and may be expected to exhibit the same in this city wiihin twenty days. The on ly actual expense of warming houses by this apparatus is that of winding up a weight (like tiie winding up of a clock) once a day ; and the hi-nt produced may be as easily graduated and regulated as the (lame ol a common gas-burner. No smoke whatever is produced, but a very j small quantity of steam, sufficient to supply the requisite moisture to the atmosphere, [n i’G application to the production of steam power, it will reduce the expense thereof to the mere wear of machinery, and will immediately pro duce an immense demand for steam engines, and induce the establishment of thousands ofj manufacturing mills, reduce the expense of travelling, and increase the demand for agrictjl. j tural produce, while it ruins the coal and gas ; business, and such manufacturing establish ments as depend on monopoly and tiigh prices. This invention, moreover, removes completely the only obstacles wnieh have hith rto existed to aerial navigation—the. difficulty of procuring 1 hydiogen gas, and carrying a supply of fuel ; and it may now be considered a maiter of tol erable certainty that men will be seen swiftly | and safely soaring in various directions before i the first of May next. These facts, being ofj immense importance, should not be longer I withheld; and I therefore would avail myself of your widely circulating journal to present] them to the public. Yours, respectfully, R. PORTER. ] Washington, Dec. 22, 1849. j To prevent Dogs killing Sheep. —Mr. j Elijah M. Davis, ol White Plains, Neiv-York, j states his mode of protecting his sheep from dogs, is to put bells on one or two sheep in 1 each flock. He says: “before 1 put bells on my j sheep, I was troubled considerably with dogs; ■ but since 1 have belied them I have not been ! troubled at all, while some of my neighbors who did not use the same precaution have j sullered more or less. A sheep.killing dog, is a sneaking creature, and when they start tin the sheep, bells make a noise and the dogs sneak off. If the sheep are within half a tnite of the fanner’s house the bells wiil give an alarm. During the night sheep are generally sti ! tmb'ss they are disturbed ; and if*the bolls are heard during the night, we may expect that something disturbs them.” •Set out Trees. —A single tree in front of your house will confer the following benefits : It wiil increase the value of your estate —it \\ ill jaff.rd a shade for the children to play in—it wiil be grateful to the passing stranger—it will invite the birds to its branches, who will tepiy ] vou in rich gushes of tree music—it will add to ] ihe city or town—it wiil prove you to lie a per son of wisdom, taste, liberality and public spir it. Will you not, then, do the simple deed which secures these great benefits ? Now is the season to prepare for it; to purchase your ife?i and select your petitions. Nick in High Plicks.—Major Noah, in the Sunday Tima, says: “It is a melancholy tact than. >o many men. who attain the highest round* ol the ladder of ambition, are addicted to vices the most loathsome and debased. We have seen * Governor of this State so drunk before breakfast, that he c-uki not walk; we s< eu a cabinet minister so given to in.t.n.Hmik i>, ’hat he k“pt a barrel ot whiskey —and very p-.or it was, too—on tap in his of. itce; we have seen a Vice President pro tem pore ot the United States rolling in the gutters ot the city of Washington ; we have seen the \\ hum American Congress so bine, that not ten ol the members could “see a hole through & laduer ; and we have seen a temporary Spea ker ol the United States House of Representa tives so fitr gone, that he would have tumbled “tit of the chair, if he had not been held into it by the hand of a member, who happened to bs not quite so drunk as his neighbor. ’ Information for Farmers about Plank Roads. Scientific experiments have proved, that the same power required to move one ton, in a com mon lumber wagon, on a level earth road, will move the same wagon with a load of four and ooe-third tons, on a level wood surface. One ton is the average practical load for a two horse team, over a tolerably level common road; it follows, then, that the same team can, with equal ease, draw’ a fi.ad of lour and one third tons on a pioperly graded pank road. Practical resit ts have proved this to lie true, be cause four tons now constitute ihe usual load for a two horse team on all plank roads, where the inequal it ies of the fiinu s surface have been lev elled to practical grades. Wagons, however, to bear such incieased weight, should be made somewhat stronger than they are commonly made lor ordinary use—but yet a common “’ag. on will bear a much greater weight on plank, than on a com non road, lor the reason that the pressure is .direct and uniform on a plunk road, whereas on a common road, by reason of ruts and inequalities of surface, the wagon is subjec ted to severe trials by oblique, and lateral strains. Loth wagon and harness, in constant use on a plank road, by means of this steady action and ; diminished friction, will last longer than on or dinary public roads. Suppose a tanner, some ten miles out of De. troit, has 144 bushels of wheat to take to mar ket, in his wagon, over comm >ll roads in the condition in which they generally are. He wouid not ordinarily carry more than 35 bush els at a load—the weight of which, at 60 lbs. i the bushel, is 2 100 ibs. ; one would occupy so : much lime, that be could only make one trip a j day, and when he would have to make four trips, and consume four days in conveying his 140 bushels to. market—but, if he could travel on a plank road, he could carry the whole 140 bush els on a load ; the weight of thp whole, at 60 lbs. the bushel, is four tons and 440 lbs. How, then, doe? the account stand? Four trips over a common mad will cost as follows : four day* for himself and team, at 81 54 a day, 86 00. j One trip over a plank, in one day, is 81 50. Toil both ways at two cents per mile, is j $1 59. I Difference in favor of plank roads, is 84 10. The first impression is very strong against j being taxed for travelling to market, and great j hostility is naturally felt against the conversion of a free, into a 101 l road; but this arises from not understanding the advantages of a plank road. The above calculation shows that the pay. ment of the forty cent? ibr toll is not, in fact, out of pocket, but the cost of a privilege, by which 81 10 are saved. Money saved is money made —and in the case above stated, the forty cents ; is taken out of his pocket, and 84 50 put in the ! place of it. In the above calculation no notice is taken of .ihe cost of strengthening the wagon, because such cost is more than made up by saving in blacksmiths’ and other mechanics’ bills, for re pairing damages which continually accrue on common roads, and in the great duration of wa ] gon and harness.— Com. Bulletin. Plank roads might be used with economy, to ; distances greater or less, according to population, and the use to be made of the mads,’ in the im mediate vicinity of all our large towns, and in many situations where they have not yet been thought of. Along our water courses, far ners might con struct wooden railroads, between their grana ries and the land places of shipping their grain, i with economy. j One great impediment to rural improvement ] consists in indolence—inertness—a habit of in -1 activity, not so much ofthe burly, as ofthe mind. jEd. P. L. and Anvil. j Southern 4 \nceac ru es.—For a quarter i ofa century, northern manufactur es continued in j their infancy and leading sit ings, unable, as j they piteously alleged, to live a day, without the guardian care and bounteous protection of , the Federal Government. Yet, strange as it may 1 seem, the very moment protection is withdrawn, I w e find hundreds of factories spontaneously ’ starting up at the South—entering the list successfully not only against northern experi j ettce, skill and capital, >ut likewise against tho ! “pauper labor” of Europe. We, rejoice in this success. We now behold manufactures and agriculture walking in loving kindness with i each other without unfair restrictions or partial : dies—the one furnishing food to the other, and j the other in return furnishing clothing. It is a j glorious combination and fraterniz ttion insuring 1 she final downfall of the protective system, and j the permanent adoption of the wholesome and j just principle that the tiade of our citizens with j all tlie world should be as free as possible; tVat j it sboul 1 be taxed only a* property is taxed in i the several states —-solely and alone for tho purpose of rai>in:i a revenue to deft ay the necej-’ j sat v and legitimate expenses of government.— \n) thing beyond this is oppression and tyranny. i . * Indian Enterprise. —Two fiats, laden ] with hides, pecans, beeswax, and dried fruits, rrorn the country ofthe Greek Indians, landed ! at Van Buren ( Atkansas) on the 10th ultimo, j The Intelligencer of that place says: “The boats, cargo, and all, are the fruits of Indian enterprise. It i* anew feature in our trade to be supplied by the wholesale with dried fruit by our red brethren, ’i’he spirit of the age is not : confined tq the States and white settlements.” NO. 2.