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SOUTHERN SENTINEL, COLUMBUS, GEORGIA: THURSDAY MORNING, MAY 9,1850. We are requested to announce that the funeral services over the remains of the Rev # D. Cairns, late Rector of the Episcopal Church in this city, wtH be performed this afternoon at 4 o'clock, at that Church. The friends of the fam ily of the deceased and the public are respectful ly invited to attend. To Our Patrons in the City and Country. Itash as the project may appear, we think of publishing a daily paper in this place. The idea has originated in a conviction of the demand for such a paper, and the experiment has been delayed because we nave always doubted, and still doubt, whether it would be sustained. There is no point in the South more favorably situated for getting the news, and there will be no difficulty at all in pub lishing a real news paper, if subscribers enough can be obtained, to pay for it. IJut to publish such a paper as wc desire to publish, we should have to pay sonic SSOO for correspondents, and as much more for telegraphic intelligence. Our object is not to make money by the operation, for wc engage be fore hand, to expend every dollar arising from the publication, in adding to its interest, relying alto pother upon our advertisements and our weekly, for a support of the office. Wc propose to publish the paper at the unusually low rates, of $5 in advance, or $7 at the end of the year. We shall rely of course, almost exclusively upon our city patronage, but expect to obtain a few subscriptions in the sur rounding country, and in the neighboring towns to which we have the necessary mail facilities. We shall be obliged to those who will subscribe, if they will send in their names. We do not ask now for the subscription, but merely wish the names, that we may be able to determine the probability of suc cess. To those who take the daily, the weekly will of course be discontinued. Public Documents. —Hon. ff.M. C. Dawson, of the Senate, lias our thanks for an interesting Report from the War Department, lion. M. ,1. Well born will accept our acknowledgements for a bound copy of the President’s Message and accompanying Documents. To Hon. Hu A. Haralson, wc are also indebted for a similar favor. May Day Celebration. —Wc refer our readers to the communication of ‘A Visitor,” in another column for a description of the entertaining ceremo nies of the May day celebration by the young ladies of Mrs. Hentz’s school. We second the hope of our correspondent that the recitations of the young la dies will be published, ami we shall be happy to throw open onr columns for that purpose. De Bow’s Commercial Review.— 'Hie April number of this valuable work is alone worth the sub scription price for one year. The leading article from the pen of J. C. Reynolds, on “Cuba, its posi tion, dimensions, and population,” is of peculiar in terest just at this juncture, when there is no doubt <>f the actual organization of an expedition against it, which may result in its annexation to this govern ment. There are comparatively few of us as well informed as we shouffl be, on a subject which will probably constitute an element in the next presiden tial election. The other principal articles arc, “the early spirit o f the West,” the “Mississippi Valley,” “Memoir on Slavery,” and “Stability of the Union” a capital article extracted from the Demecratio Re view. The work is conducted with eminent ability, and well deserves a place upon the table of every intelligent merchant, planter, and eitken. Published by J. D. B. De Bow, in New Chileans, at $5 per an num. Under Water. We last week called the EnqHirer's attention to the I‘resident’s territorial policy, and asked for an ex pression of our neighbor’s opinion as to its merits. It seems that we very unintentionally touched our Senior on his “ Sunday spot.” He found himself vc- ; ry much in the same category with the Israelites of ■ old, when they were called on to determine the di vinity of the “baptism of John.” A fear of the peo ple restrains him from taking sides with the Presi dent, and a fear of his conscience kept him from ta king sides with the South. Os course we have no right to demand from the Enquii cr an answer to any questions which we may put to it. We have no sort of objection to the lowest niche in the Enquirer's respect, and do not feel at all riled at the contempt with which our noighbor regards our right to “cate chise him on any matter of public policy.” Indeed we fed complimented rather than otherwise, that we have been degraded, in our neighbor’s estimation, to the exact level of the country. We said, and we say 1 still, the Presieent’s territorial policy inevitably tends j to a complete abandonment of the South. We ask- , ed, and we ask again, does the Enquirer endorse that j policy ? It may answer or let it alone, as best com ports with its sense of obligation to party. Our neighbor is extremely anxious to have it appear that wo charge the people with “ignorance.” We did no’ such thing, and we defy the Enquirer to prove it. We do charge, however, that if the people were left to the chances of enliglitment from the columns of the Enquirer, they would be most miserably ignorant. ; That paper is very devoted to the people. No doubt it very sincerely loves them and their rights, ; but it loves their patronage better, and upon an anal ysis of its devotion, we wt>uhl risk the estimate, that it would amount,.for each individual of the people, to just two dollars and fifty cents per annum in January, and just three dollars in December. The March ok Improvement.—Our neighbor, the Times, commenced last week the publication of a tri-weekly shoot. It is of the usual size of tri weeklies, and presents quite a neat appearance. This is anew enterprise in Columbus, and wc hope it may meet with encouragement. Broke Jail.—On the night of the Ist inst., four prisoners effected their escape from the Jr.il of this county; Brown aad Phelan, the two pugilists who were committed for burglary, To ler for horse stealing, and one Brown on a peace warrant. They have not since been heard from- Akfest of Bulloch.— George J. Bulloch, the defaulting Cashier of the Central Rail Road Bank was arrested on the 10th ult., off Cornwall, by a Boston Police officer, and came passenger to Boston in the steamer Cambria. We learned yesterday by telegraph, says the Macon Tele graph from Savannah, that he has been brought back to that city and lodged in jail, to await his trial, at the next term of Chatham Superior Court. Rev. John N. Maffit.— Me perceße from the Mobile papers that this celebrated Pulpit Orator is at present in that city. There, are ve ry few men in America whom we would rather hear than the *• Great Revivalist” and we pre sume that we speak for nine tenths of our read ers in saying so. We doubt not our Church going community would unanimously endorse an invitation to the rev. gentleman to take Co lumbus in the round of his appointments. Kiss Cotillions. — Ihe editor of the Win so r Journal gives us an account of another new dance. . He says the professors of dancing in New York, Jiave recently introduced anew style of cotillion, called the “Kiss Cotillion,” the pe culiar feature of which is, that you kiss the lady as you swing corners. The editor has great ob jections to The amusement, but would’nt mind waving them, so far as to “swing corners? now and then in the new cotillion. We have no doubt t-iat it introduced, the new figure would be vast .x popular, and extensively practised. Hon. M. J. Wellborn. —This gentleman is at present in this city on .professional and private business. We are pleased to see him in very fine health. The Committee of Thirteen. If the letter writers at Washington are to be cred -1 ited, the committee of the Senate to which was refer red the question of the admission of California and other kindred subjects, has determined upon a mode of settling our sectional differences. The details of tliat settlement have not vet transpired, but it is re ported that it embraces the admission of California, the formation of territorial governments for Deseret and New Mexico, the subdivision of Texas into two or more slave States, a bill providing more effectually i for the recovery of fugitive slaves, and the extension of the laws of Maryland, in relation to the slave trade j over the District of Columbia. This is the basis : which general opinion had predicted, and we have no doubt it will generally be acquiesced in, and will doubtless be adopted by Congress and signed by the President. We have two objections to such a settle ment ; the first is its admission of California as a State, the second is its general inadequacy to the rem edy of the evil, in which the entire controversy has originated. That California is to come in as a State may be considered a settled question. Blinded by the abstract right of a people to adopt their own form • of government, and without stopping to inquire whether there Is any proper application of this prin ciple in the demand made by California, the people of the South have, by refusing to resist it, virtually as sented to a measure involving a more serious en croachment upon their rights, than the W ilmot Pro viso itself. But the verdict of the people has been recorded in its favor, and it is useless now to discuss the rights which have been disregarded in the decis ion. Our second objection is of a more serious char acter. Whence has arisen the necessity for provi ding more effectually for the recovery of fugitive 1 slaves ? Why has it been thought necessary to ex tend the laws of Maryland in relation to the slave trade, over the IJistaict of Columbia ? Y hat lias prompted the North to attempt to enact the Wilmol Proviso ? The only rational answer is furnished in the general, deep-seated, and rapidly increasing hos tility to the institution of slavery at the North. The history of the national Democratic party for the last fourteen years is fearfully illustrative of this truth. The time was when Mr. Van Buren, in order to se cure the nomination for the Presidency at the hands of that party, was constrained to oppose the exercise of anv power by Congress over the institution of sla very in the District. Mr. Van Buren is now the chief of a large wing of that party, having for its grand aim, the abolition of slavery, not in the District alone, but every where, where the general govern ment mav, by the most forced construction of the constitution, exercise any authority. The time was, when a support of Texas annexation was not only a sine qua non in the nomination, but in the election, of a Democratic candidate for the Presidency. To day, the candidate who bore the standard of annexa tion of a slave State, would not receive an electoral vote north of Mason’s and Dixon’s line. The Dem ocratic party, always heretofore the party of the South, is now as discordant as the varied interests of the vast republic over which it is distributed. Sla very proscription is now emblazoned upon the stan dard of all parties at the North. The more bold would take the accomplishment of their darling ob ject into their own hands; the less ingenuous are content with the “decrees of nature,” which have en acted for them, the most complete anti-slavery “pro viso.” If California were finely adapted to slave la bor. and if it were certain that it would become a slave State without legislative interdicts, there would not probably be a man, certainly there would not be a respectable faction, at the North, who would be ar rayed, as is now pretended, on the part of the South. Where would Daniel Webster, that “new light” in a Southern horizon, where would he be found ? Bat tling side by side with Wilmot and Hale in their foul invasion of Southern honor. The “Wilmot Proviso,” the retention of fugitive slaves, and the abolition of the slave trade in the District, arc but the hissings of a serpent that only awaits a more favorable moment to make the deadly spring upon its victim ; and we might as well congratulate ourselves that we were safe when we had closed our cars to the hiss, as to imagine that the South is secure, when these prelimi nary measures Ivave been stayed. What i.s the ele ment of the motive which urges the North to prohib it slavery in the Territories, that would restrain an attempt to abolish it in the States ? They tell us that in the former they are sustained by the constitution, and that they are expressly prohibited by that instru ment from doing the latter. In other words, they have the power to do the one, and have not the pow er to do the other; it is altogether a question of pow er. Let us not be deceived. The day i.s not far dis tant when, from the operation of causes now at work, the North will have that identical power, the want of which now circumscribes her violation of Southern interests. It is to prevent the exercise of that power when it shall have been acquired that we would now provide. A settlement which falls short of this Ls no settlement. It may allay the excitement for the moment, but it can not arrest the progressive spirit of northern cnoroaenmont, or permanently quiet the apprehensions of the southern mind. The Cuban Expediton. Our New Orleans correspondent assures us that we may certainly expect to hear of the in vasion of Cuba by an armed expedition from this country, in less than three months. We hope he is mistaken, though we confess that he is cer tainly warranted in the conclusion from indica tions rife enough about the Crescent City.” We are not sufficiently indoctrinated in the progress ive spirit of the day, to embrace at a venture, eve ry new born scheme of“ annexation ,” but in the case of Cuba, we confess we shall be ready to open wide the doors to her admission, w henever she may fairly come in. We are opposed to all piratical schemes of ad venture,even though they be prompted by the laudable desire to confer up on a people the inestimable blessings of a free, re publican government. When the Cubans revolt against the Spanish government, it will be time enough for American crusaders to organize an expedition in their behalf, but tne movement should not originate here. If it is determined that Cuba must be ours, we think the course sug gested in the following article from the N. York Herald is the wiser; certainly it is more consonant ■u ith a fair interpertation of our honest obligations to a nation with whom we are at peace. Cuba and her Destiny'.— Accounts recently received from Europe state that the Court of Madrid have given instructions to one of their agents, Count Misarol, to make a thorough in vestigation into the island of Cuba, to ascertain the political sentiment of the inhabitants, and that if he found there was no probability of Spain being able to hold that island for any consdera blo time, he was authorized to enter into nego tiation with the government at Washington for its transfer to the United States, for a reasonable frice. The agent, it is said, has proceeded to ‘uba, for the purpose of lullfilling his mission. About a year ago, perhaps longer, we impress ed upon llis Excellency 31. Calderon de la Bar ca, the Spanish minister at Washington, the propriety ol some such steps as this, and reques ted him to communicate the same to his gov ernment. We were then, as we arc now, per fectly satisfied', that the days of Spain’s dominion over Cuba were numbered, and that sooner or later, in the natural course of things, that island would become part and parcel of the. United States, by either annexation peaceably, or by ne gotiation, or by revolution, and annexation after wards. We believe that his Excellency took the same view of the subject, for he could not but have known as well as we did, that such a result was ine\ itable, sooner or later, and as cer tain of being fulfilled as that the sun will rise to morrow as usual in the East, and set again in the West. Calderon de la Barca is a man of great good sense and intellectual power ; he is a skilful diplomatist, and a person of accurate observation. He i.s well acquainted with matters in the United States, and thorougly conversant with the tone and course of public opinion here, especially on the subject of the island of Cuba. If he has proposed, as we recommended, to the Court of Madrid, he has acted the part of a wise man, and the truth will be manifested before a very long time. It is therefore not unreasonable to expect that some proposition, emanating from the Spanish government, will ere long reach Washington, in which the cession of the Island ofCuba to the United States will be offered for a fair considera tion. Such a proposition ought to be favorably entertained by the government at Washington. The consideration or price is nothing in the scale, no matter how large it might be. The people ofCuba themselves would make it up, were it a hundred or a hundred and fifty mil lion of dollars. The advance in the value of property that would ensue would be sufficient to induce them to do so, apart from being released of the thirty millions of dollars per annum which the Spanish government extracts from them, without giving them any privileges in return. Cuba, once a state of this confederacy, would jump into anew existence. The people, being re lieved from despotism, would put forth their en ergies, and in a short time make it what nature designed it should be—one of the happiest, most prosperous, and most wealthy countries in the world. Such a state of things as the cession of Cuba to this country is no doubt, seriously enter tained by the Spanish ministry. [correspondence oe the “southern sentinel.”] Boston, April 23, 1850. .1 Frigid—Concord Celebration—Professor Web ster—lrish Immigration—The Italian Opera— and so forth. Fire! Fire!! clear the way!!! I rescue myself bv my agility at the crossing, and then turn to look after an engine dragged by a hundred hands—a hu man tandem —tapering down along the rope, through all ages, from the man with the skull cap, to the pub lie spirited character of four and a half who is vocifera ting a request that the generality will make way there ! Such a set of furious philanthropists as usually follow a fire engine. God is great, and Boston is a very combustible place. Nothing like it between this and Tierra del Fargo. But what was I going to say ? I was about com mencing a decent and dignified correspondence, when the force of circumstances obliged me to run in, hol lering ; never mind, let us talk of the weather. A beautiful Spring day. The cold lias been gone for several days, and the Common lias got quite a green look within the last week. The trees are full of little bulbs at the ends of the branches; every trace of snow has vanished from the landscape and the hill tops, all about this place. I hope we have seen the last of it. Last Friday there was a grand celebration at. Con cord. in memory of the doings of the 19th of April, 1775. Governor Briggs and the Legislature, under the escort of “The ancient and honorable artillery,” were there, and the illustrious old village presented a proud and populous aspect. There was a procession with music and banners round the monument erected on the spot, where the first British foemen fell, after which, those composing it returned to a Grand Pa vilion fitted up for the occasion, with banquet accom modations for 3,000 persons. The Hon. R. Rantoul, Jr., was the orator of the day, and being called upon by Mr. Hoar, the President., delivered a very appro priate addrass ; but very trying, considering that it came before the banquet. In Racine’s comedy of the Plaideurs, one of the counsel in a certain trial, begins his speech for the plaintiff with the Creation of the world—on which the Judge asks him if he would be so good as to come at once to the Deluge. Now, Mr. Rantoul did not go to the Creation, nor to the Deluge either ; he only went as far as the battle of Mara thon. And indeed he began there to some purpose, showing that this great battle was a crisis which averted the destruction of Greece, and as a conse quence, the abolition of all those glories which she has left as a legacy to the after ages. He then came down to the eighth century and described the inarch of the Caliph Abdabrahman, at the head of the victo rious Saracens, over the Pyrenees, and his utter de feat in the great fight of Tours in France, by Charles Martel, who then and there preserved the civiliza tion of Europe from the destructive influences of Is lamism, and saved us all from wearing turbans at this present day, and holding a plurality of wives. Then, making a stride of a thousand years, the or ator came to the revolution, which began with the shots fired at Lexington and Concord, rolled in thun der over France, shook all the kingdoms of Europe, and is still carrying out its momentous consequences in both hemispheres of the world. When Duhourg, the musician, played some music for 1 landcl, in which, after indulging in variations and infinite outward flourishes, he came at last to the air, the great com poser saluted him very gravely with, “well done, Mr. Duboitrg ! welcome home, Sure !” The Con cord audience may have said something of the kind in their own minds as the speaker returned to the old revolutionary ground, and alike another Allan Bane, “flung them a picture of the fight,” and the disastrous retreat of the British, for thirty-six miles, from Concord to Boston. But the speech was a good one—though prolix—and the banquet was good too, though on the Cochituate principle. A great many appropriate toasts, sentiments, and speeches from the Governor and other distinguished guests, filled up the measure of the long evening. There were four or five men of the revolution present—two of whom, Amos Baker, and Jonathan Harrington, ninety-four and ninety-two years old, had respective ly been in the affairs of Concord and Lexington. A fortnight ago the Medical College, where Dr. George Parkman was murdered, was thrown open to the inspection of the public for several days, and about sixty thousand persons, the majority being of the softer and more curious sex, passed through it. The day has not yet been appointed for the execution of Prof. Webster. There is not the slightest likeli hood that the sentence pronounced after a fair and patient trial, will be set aside. The Governor and Council have refused to mitigate the punishment of death, to which a man named Pearson has been sen tenced for the murder of his wife and two children. This, and the punishment of the negro Goode, last year, seem to make Webster's ease hopeless. There is a good deal of wanton sympathy indulged in his regard, all down South—wanton, inasmuch as nobody has any serious doubts of the Professor’s guilt: and demur is made against some circumstan ces of the trial, merely as if a trial for murder were only a game, of legal crotchets —not an attempt to find out the murderer. Enough of this miserable theme. Irish emigrant vessels continue to come into Bos ton, and the condition of Ireland leads us to expect more of them. Fifteen hundred emigrants have landed here within the last three weeks. There is an attempt being made by Irish citizens here to get up an emigrant society, which shall advise and help their poor bewildered countrymen to go from these crowded sea-boards to the West. But it is a feeble attempt. The Irish are a disunited set r as much eo here as in Ireland, and can never agree en masse about anything. In this respect they are behind the Germans and Anglo Saxons. The Italian opera in this city has been respectably attended—not over crowded. Don Giovanni, Nor ma, L’Elisir, PAmore, and other operatic master pieces are performed ; and Bcrtucea, Truth, Novelli, Patti, and the rest., are gathering golden opinions of our musical critics. Miss Davenport will shortly be with us again. It is said Miss Cushman, that mus cular Melpomene, is about to relinquish the stage. People here are beginning to ask, where is Jenny Lind to sing when she comes ? Catherine Hayes, j the Irish caniatrice , is to visit America after Lind, it j is said. Catharine is a prettier girl than the Swede, ‘ and sustains the fair pretensions of the Limerick j lasses. Let her come, let them all come— " Our great desire has stomach for them all ” Now, Mr. Sentinel, for this California question, let us discuss it. Halloo ! what is that you are pulling out ? A pistol! Stop, stop ! I'm not Bent-on this sort of argument; I’ll make Foote- tracks. I mizzle, man, I mizzle. YANKEE DOODLE. New Orleans, May 2, 1850. The U. S. Mail Steamer Falcon, Lieut. 11. J. Ilartstein, U. S. N., commander, left this port on Tuesday the 30th ultimo, for Chagres via Havana. She carried out an immense concourse of passengers who are on their way to the golden vale of the Sac ramento, and to seek the glittering ore along the banks of the Gila. A considerable number were from your city, and with a heartfelt wish for their success in every endeavor, and that prosperous gales will waft them safely to their future home, I say fare well ! The contemplated attempt on Cuba continues to excite great talk in the city, and in passing along the densely crowded streets you can hear little else than remarks and comments upon the expedition that is supposed to be organizing in this city at present. There can be but little doubt but that a considerable body of men have banded together, and hold secret meetings every night in the heart of the city, and yon may rest, assured that a demonstration will be made on the island in less than three months. The spies of the Spanish government are acting on the alert, and I have not a particle of doubt but that the authorities at Havana are regularly arid well advised of every movement of the Liberators in the United States. The Bulletin is down on the whole affair “-like a thousand of brick,” as you will perceive from sever al leaders that have appeared in that sheet during the last week; in fact, ail the “old heads” are op posed to it, and all the “young hearts” in favor of it. The ceremony of laying the corner stone of the new and magnificent Odd Fellows Hall came oft'with great eclat, and was decidedly the most interesting and imposing sight that I over witnessed. The or der i.s very popular here, as it is every where, but the people of New Orleans excel those of any other city in the Union, in cherishing and fostering charitable institutions, especially if they have such beautiful and chaste mottos, as “Friendship, Love, and Truth.” Another alarming crevasse has occurred about forty miles above the city, and is devastating the su gar estates all over that part of the country. The “Father of Waters” will not be held in proper bounds, but is constantly breaking through and roll ing Ids turbid stream over the land. Many of our citizens arc apprehensive that wc will have another damp summer. lam negotiating for a canoe to pad dle to my meals and room, and if you will visit the Crescent City any time during the ensuing summer, I will take great pleasure in giving you “a lift” when ever you wish it, and if the afternoons arc pleasant., wc will “go a snaking”—an amusement which all the “first families” delight in prosecuting during the dull afternoons of summer. Business in general is dull. The steamers accounts arc looked for with the usual anxiety. I sec no cause to change my quotations from last week. Gen. Quitman, Governor of Mississippi, is stop ping at the .St. Charles Exchange for a few days ; the General looks in fine health, but not so well as when he was parading his gallant division of volunteers in the valley of Mexico. Yours truly, KOSMOS. [communicated.] THE MAY CELEBRATION. The last celebration of May Day deserves more than a passing notice. We wish that we could do justice to the occasion. With much propriety and good taste, Mrs. Caroline Lee llcntz, revived this custom two years since, and if she would give credit to this crude notice, as an honest expression of approbation from all that we have heard speak of the performances, she would continue to gratify the young ladies under her instruction, and contribute annually to the entertain ment of many of our citizens who appreciate good poetry. It is not the maturity of the flowers of the vernal season, nor the advent of Flora; nor the rep resentations of the seasons, and the Queen with her fairy procession, that attract the brilliant audiences, who assemble now on the first of May:—there is a charm attending our coronations, which no simple pageantry could give, an attraction which links heart to heart and enchains the attention of those who rp preciatc a “feast of reason and a flow of soul,” the uninterrupted converse of a poetess of established rep utation, in the attractive measures of her art through those, who are happy as the recipients of the daily instruction of the gifted authoress. Notwithstanding the graces and personal attrac tions of the young ladies, who personated the fairy characters of these vernal celebrations, where patrons and pupils mingle, it is no disparagement of the latter to give publicity to their own confessions, that the soul of the entertainment, embraces the gems of ap posite sentiment and poetry which they utter with much effect. It is a matter of no little delicacy to select the proper representatives with reference to un derstanding the spirit, and giving with effect, the ex pression of the ‘‘breathing thoughts.” In our foregoing remarks, we have simply attempt ed to give due preeminence to the feature which dis tinguishes our May day celebrations, from all others which wc have attended. From this feature these occasions derive the charm of freshness and novelty, and whatever our young friends may think of us, we are frank to confess, that we measure their success, from their seeming appreciation of the sentiments they recite. Wc could meet an array of beauty at any or dinary assemblage of our city fair, so that the page antry only attracted us so f; r as it was used to give effect and prominence to the intellectual effusion.— We apprehend that this conviction prevailed to a considerable extent, and is the secret of the interest manifested in these scenes by our good people. We wish many returns of the imposing corona tion of the May Queen, under the circumstances of the last. We are not alone, in the hope that tilt whole of the poetry will be given to the public, and that the labors of the authoress in the school room and study, may continue to receive the patronage they deserve. We had hoped to have been early enough upon the green sward of the Baptist Church enclosure to procure a good position for “taking notes,” and to this end we anticipated the time for commencing the ceremony by a half hour, but the throng was ahead of us and wc had to content ourselves among the “outsiders” and in this position of course lost much of the recitation. We cannot therefore be accused of drawing invidious distinctions when wo speak of all that we could hear. Flora was well sustained by Miss M. This lady though quite young, seemed to have mastered the spirit of her part and the many sparkling gems she uttered. Miss M. is a few years too young to learn her own attractions for any practical purposes, or we should at this point give vent to our inclinations and inflict a rhapsody upon our readers. We doubt not she would feel happy to know half the golJen opin ions we heard as her conquest. In distinctness and clearness of utterance, Iris took the palm, from any save the fair Queen. The Pole-bearers and the Seasons, seriatim , ac quitted themselves with credit. During the evening a deserved compliment, in good taste and with much ease and grace, was paid through Miss McK. to Miss McD. the Queen eleet of last year, at which time the interesting ceremony was interrupted by the indisposition of Mrs 11. We allude to the presenta tion of a boquet of flowers, which attracted the atten tion of the audience to the fair recipient of the favor, who was seated among them. The sisters S. were excellent selections and while both acquitted them selves well, their speeches developed many of the most striking, sentiments of the poetess with the great est effect. Wc were astonished at the success of several of the younger pupils, whose subordinate pa ts were admi rably sustained. In this we saw an evidence of the industry and ability which we had heard marked the life of the distinguished instructress, in her school room. . Thcaeveral addresses of the Queen were delivered in admirable taste and distinct enunciation —more es pecially the appropriate addresses to the Seasons. Courtly in manners, she gave admirable expression to the queenly tone and spirit which pervaded the j sparkling gems of her poetic speeches. So intimately i related as she is to the instructress and authoress, we . almost felt during many of her finely spoken passagee, j that the real authoress was enchanting our attention, j May she win and wear the honors which an admiring community have bestowed upon her gifted mother. Wc shall long remember the hour and the brilliant assembly. Every thing passed off pleasantly, and the young gentlemen reserved their congratulations for the pleasant reunion at the Saloon of Mr. Strap per, where the Queen and her retinue mingled that night in the dance. A \ isitor. [cOMm’NTCATEDr] The Mcstico, or the War rath & its Incidents. BY W. C. HODGES. I ask the favor, my Dear Editor, of a small space in the columns of your valuable Journal, to take a short notice of a work that has lately appeared among us, written by one o four own. “Indiscriminate prais.*,” “writes Goethe,” is worse than abuse!” and we agree with him. This much we premise, not so much as an apolo gy, ns a conciliator to turn away wrath at any strictures we may see fit to make on a book, that upon the whole pleased us very much, and in whose favor, upon a fair summing up, we the self constituted Jury, find a virdict. We may further premise that we do not intend any lengthened criticism or review, lor our space will not permit it, but a simple notice, to call the attention of all who may be concerned, to the merits of'the book, and that of the Author, to some slight defects which care will avoid for the future. And this is the more necessary, as, if we are not vastly mistaken in the signs, we shall hear from him again soon. In the first place as to the manner ! in which the book is got up; if we cannot get our publishing done better in New York than this is done, we had better stay at home. The name of | the Booksellers to whom the book is consigned ; is improperly given; the citizens of Columbus i are insulted by having their handsome Broad I street nicknamed Brown street, and to go a lit | tie further in, the initials of the author are terri j bly slighted; a hard lick, I should say, to the amour propre of a young author on his first legs. The story is founded on the Creek disturban ces of ! 3G, and is of personal interest to almost every citizen of Georgia and Alabama. Col. Melbourne, the father of the heroine, is a man of refinement and education, who takes it into his head, from a lore of wild adventure, to make a “clearing” in the “nation.” lie is a wealthy planter, has all the comforts around him that the country affords, has an excellent wife in bad health and a nice little daughter, accomplished, refined, beautiful and pious; a sort of seraphic missionary among the Squawleens, with whom j (the missionary not the squaws) were we a ! young man, we should incontinently fall in love. ! But as we are not, it was done for us by a prom j ising young limb of the Law from the neighbor ing city of Columbus, who, in view of her loveli ness (and, it is barely possible, the old gentle man’s plantation, which fact, however, does not appear on the “face of the record”) sets to work and engages her affection and herself too. And here comes the rub. For when we love, so Shaky pear says, Bad luck is .-ure to have us, The course of true love runs, Without a “special Traverse.” And so it proved in this case, as the Creek war is laterally got up by the great Creek leader, a Half Breed named Jim Henry, who is we presume the “Mestico,” for the purpose of gaining a favorable opportunity of carrying off Laura Melbourne, for whom he entertains a strong passion, to the wes tern reserve, and at the same time, to gratify a malignant hatred to the whites. In this portion of the work is the Indian char acter brought prominently forth: A portion of the work indeed, which rentiers it really valua ble, as the author knows what he is writing about, and does not attempt to foist on an unsuspecting public, that high wrought picture of Indian hero ism and Indian wrongs, their chivalry and their bravery, which we have been accustomed to swal low with our Blue Pills from youth up, and in the words of the Junior Weller, “think it all very cap ital.” But he paints them as they really are, brutal’ savage, treacherous, except the sweet Squaw leen Mayatla ; for Benna Ilatchie the only other apparent exception to the general rule, is a traitor to his own cause; love, however, caused the poor fellow to do this, and we extend the man tle of charity over him. But, my dear author, should you even again be called on to depict In dian character, which we sincerely hope will be the case, never, we beseech thee, put such lan guage in their mouths as you have done. “I tell you Samivei, it’s ormat'ralfor never since the discovery of America has Half Breed or full blooded Indian, talked as you have made Benna Hatchie and Jim Henry talk. In the last scene between Henry and Laura; instead of the length- j ened and nice argument which he enters into,! and which does greater credit to the ingenuity ■ ofthe author than to his delineation of Indian j character, an Indian would most probably have i beared Laura about half through with her sar- > castic speech, sprang up, cried “Big Ingin me,” j and have had time to consummate his vile pur- | pose before the arrival of the “messenger,” whose timely coming saved poor Laura, a shorter and much more sensible plan too, in our opinion, if j the thing had to be done. We shall not have j room to give any extracts; nor do we wish to I forestall the interest of the work by telling the sto- i ry, which the author has done so much better ! than we can hope to do. The Texan struggle, the j Alamo and Col. Cos, all have a showing, which j adds greatly to the interest of the story, so ingen iously is the whole plot managed. These are introduced in favor of a Mrs. Wayne, whose husband prefers Texas and a campaign which ends in his death, to the attractions of wealth at home and a charming young wife who loves him ■ to distraction. The story is a very entertaining I one and does great credit to the author; and we hail with pleasure the evidence that our young 1 men are turning their attention more to the re- j finements of literature. We would willingly epi tomize the story, but do not feel that we would be doing justice to the author, as it is too short to infringe much upon the time of any one. There are a few inaccuracies which we should like to point out to the author, but doubtless he will discover them without our aid. With these few remarks we recommend the story to all with in whose reach it may come. Foreign News.— Among the items of foreign intelligence brought by the Canada, the most in teresting are, commercially, the advance in cot ton, and politically, the return of the Pope to Rome, and the shameful surrender of the Hun garian Heroes. They have all, including the noble Kossuth, been sentenced to death. For the Sentinel. A Short Se rmon about Books, Authors, ! - Ushers and so forth. In the overwhelming rush and crush of book writing, printing and publishing which characterises the present day, a glance at the beginnings of this now mighty department of the world s history may not be uninteresting, Books in their present form were invented, it is said by Attains King of Pergamus in 887. They were all printed on parchment which was first made by Eumenes King of mus 030 years before. Whence its name Pcrgamenu , parchment. The term book was first used as the name of every species of lit- ! crary composition and was derived from the German “Buck,” or Bark, as this was the ] material most used in the early manufacture. The Romans rolled up their writings in scrolls whence they were called Volumes from the Latin Yolumin a scroll. After the Bth cen tury parchment was used to the exclusion of papyrus and so continued till the inventing of paper in the 13th century. | The earliest mentioned dealer in books is one Peter de Blois about 1170. The first regular bookseller however was Faustus who carried his books for sale to the monasteries in France and elsewhere. The first booksel ler who purchased M S S. for publication, not possessing a press of his own was John Otto of Nuremburg in 1516. Caxton however un doubtedly had in 1471-1491 24 presses in his office in Westminister Abbey, and doubtless issued many works at his own risk; some j of them emanations from his own pen. From the days of Caxton to James 1. the | press was chiefly devoted to printing classic- j al works; not only in England but also in Germany, Italy and Franco. The Alduscs, Stephenses and Planting were thus occupied till the dawn and era of the Reformation, when the printing of the sa cred Scriptures in a great measure divided the attention of the Printers. And it may as well be noted here that the first booh ever printed with moveable meted types was the Holy Bible, somewhere between 1450 and 1455. Os this splendid work 18 copies are known to exist, four on Y ellum and fourteen on paper; one of the vellum copies has been sold as high as S2OO. Between 1474 and 1600, about 350 Prin ters fluorished in England and Scotland and the products ol their several presses amount to about 10,000 distinct productions. At the great fire of London, 1660, the Booksellers suffered a great loss they having for security stored books to (he amount of $1,000,000 in the vaults of St Paul’s Cathedral; those were all burnt In 1827 the new system of cheap publica tions commenced; “Constable’s Miscellany” and the issues of the “Society for the Diffu sion of Useful Knowledge,” taking the lead; “'hice were followed in 1832 by the “Penny Magazine,” “Chambers Journal,” “Family Library,” “Penny Cyclopedia,” Ac. which last, cost about £200,000 in its production. It is estimated that at this time the anuual periodical issues of the British press exceed ed the amount of all the printed sheets pub lished throughout Europe lYom the period of Guttcnberg’s discovery to the year 1500. “Punch,” circulatee weekly 300,000! and the gross amount of Magazines and other periodicals sold on “Magazine day,” in Pater noster Row monthly, has been estimated at 500,000 copies. | The Pictorial History of England cost the j Publisher $251,000 and was a poor specula tion; like tho Penny Cyclopedia it was a gift to the masses. Reese’s great Cyclopedia was produced at a cost of $ 1500,000. Scott received something like $500,000 for his ro mances. Byron about $125,000 for his va rious works. Longman & Cos. are the largest publishers in the world, taking into account the enor mous amonnt of capital constantly embarked in copyrights. Moore received from this Estab lishement, $15,000 for his Lnllu Rookh and for several years $2500 per annum for his Irish melodies. Mr. Macaulay also receives S3OOO a year for ten years for his History of England Vols 1 & 2. Messrs. Chambers of Edinburgh are unri valed for the extent and completeness oftheir Establishment, about 500 persons being em ployed in the several departments. They paid $128,000 for the paper used in printing their series of “cheap tracts,” also 8200,000 merely for advertising their Cyclopedia o Literature. Their Establishment is eleven stories high, and their presses throw off 150,-'’ 000 sheets per day. It is their boast that they pay liberally for literary service and have never printed a pirated edition of any work. They “commenced business,” twenty years ago in Edinburgh, by hawking small pamph lets about the streets! I hey have done prob ably more than any other two individuals of the age, for the promotion of sound and useful knowledge and the cultivation of an improv ed popular taste for reading. Thiers received 500,000 francs from his publisher for his History of the Consulate of Napoleon. Scribe has received 2,400,000 francs for alibis dramatic works. Didat, a rich publisher of Paris, estimated the issues of the j French Press during the first eight months of j 1840 to be 87,000 new works, 3,700 reprints, and 4000 translations. Brockhaus’s estab lishment in Leipsic ranks next to Chambers’s ; in Europe, employing about 425 persons, be sides 36 engravers on wood and steel. Eight steam power and forty two iron hand presses are striking 110,000 sheets of 34 pages each per day; like the Harpers, they sell only their own publications. Goethe received 30,000 crowns for his copyright; and of Schiller’s works nearly 100,000 copies have been sold. We intended to give many interesting items of information respecting the book trade in the United States but Tiave already made this article too long; we may do-so at another time. PAPYRUS. The Muscogee Superior Court will commence its 1 spring session next Monday. There is,a heavy criminal docket to be disposed of. I Northern Sentiment. We extract the following from’ the colmrtns of Noah's N. Y. Sunday Times , oue of the ablest, and decidedly, the motet southern in its tone, of all the journals of the North. The Injustice of northern in terferance, the humbnggers of northern philanthropy and the impolicy', to the North of a continued agita tion of the slavery question, are truthfully, fearlessly and forcibly exposed. We commend it to the careful perusal of our readers : The Tennessee Convention. —The danger is by no means over. We are not much nearer a satisfactory settlement of the great dividing question than we were a month ago, and instead of the Tennesse Convention having been aban doned, Southern States are still choosing dele gates. We shall continue to show our North j ern friends the cotisequances of this movement* if persisted in, and call upon them to give way, | and allow no light, unnecessary impediments, | no cavilling for a hair, no indulging in sickly sentiment on slavery, to impede an immediate : and satisfactory adjustment of the whole ques-- i tion. Os all attempts at reformation of any kind,’ that of expecting to change the position which the slaves of the United States occupy, embra ces the most absurd and astonishhing inconeisf tencies, the greatest amount of folly and fanati cism. It is true, that no such change is said to’_ have been contemplated. We have no belief in such declarations. Excluding slavery hi t'cib’ territories is the beginning, and abolishing it in States is the end contemplated. look, for ex ample, at the inconsistency of such a coufse,- and let us begin with Massachusetts. That State may be considered the hot-bed of aboli tion, and yet, at the same time, it is the great est manufacturing State of the products of slave’ labor. It imports a large amount of cotton from’ the South, and her population rely upon the’ manufacturing of that article alone for a largo portion of the very means of living. Look at the port of New Orleans during the winter and fall season, and we shall find some hundreds of vessels from the Eastern States waiting for car goes of sugar, cotton, tobacco, rice, molasses and all kinds of produce <f slave labor, of which those states are the carriers. Those states which have such a holy horror of slavery import the raw cotton from the south, and export it in various descriptions of manufactured articles to New Orleans, which find their way to the people of the south and west in every direction, and lor thousands of miles on the borders of the Ohio and Mississippi rivers, and through the vast ter ritories of the west and north west. The manufacture of cotton into goods sup ports thousands of persons down east, including females, and children of both sexes. The facto ry girls derive all the advantages of living, edu cation, accomplishments, &.C., &c., from slave la bor. The advantage which the people of Mas sachusetts derive, in a pecuniary point of view, is nearly equivalent to tire amount of any sootfe ern producing state. Her exports consist most ly of goods manufactured from the southern im ports. In short, the people of the south are the negro drivers for the benefit of the people of the east, and while the former get all the odium of negro slavery, the latter gain all the essential ad vantages; and what applies to Massachusetts is equally applicable to New York, and more or less to all that are called free states. Now, if to hold slaves is no criminal in the eyes of the people of Massachusetts, how much less crimin al are they than the masters of slaves—those who indeed own them, but work them for the benefit of the whites in the free states ? Is it not we ask, the very height of knavery and hypocri sy in any people to declare slavery to be a curse, and slave-holders an accursed race, and yet be the most efficient means of sustaining that course ? Massachusetts, me hot-bed of abolition, as we have said, lives by* slave-labor—willingly, anx iously, laborously by it, and yet condemns slavery. But this is not all. At least two thirds of the population of New Orleans are from the eastern states—merchants, lawyers, clergymen, schoolmasters and mistresses,’ and their chil dren, to say nothing of mechanics, tradesmen, and business men of all descriptions. The con nection of the east with slavery does not end here. Many of the wealthiest planters and slave-holders of the state of Louisiana are from the east.; and what applies to New Orleans and Louisana will equally apply to the other towns and states south or west, in a greater or less de gree. We declare that larger numerical portions down-east are more interested in slavery than the owners of the slaves in the south. We shall be answered by the question. ‘Can we not derive benefit from slave labor and yet be opposed to slavery V We can answer, no ! If you are willing to drive the south almost out of the Union, ostensibly or really, on the slavery question, you should not touch’ a dollar out of slave labor. You cannot serve God and mam mon at the same time, and it is rank hypocrisy to live in splendor, as many of our eastern nabobs do, on slave labor, and yet roar, and rant, and rave about slavery in’the halls of Congress. These are the men who unfurl the abolition flag, on which is inscribed—“ The poor negro ?is he not a man and a brother ?” VVe say he is not, and the north and the east prove it’ by not ad mitting the negro to an equality of personal and political rights—by not allowing him to sit ih'the same pew in church—in short, by denyihg to the negro the enjoyment ofmany little privileges and indulgencifcs which the black man obtains from his kind master in the south. As, therefore, there is no sincerity, rio Hoficsty, no principle, no humanity in tins vaunted aboli : tion, why continue to urge it so stringently in ; Congress ? Because it is altogether a political | movement to cripple the influence of the slave | states, and nothing more. Slavery is the ex ! cuse, the apology—political predominance the ; real object. They want to draw the line ofslav i ery and anti-slavery distinctly, in hopes that, the i ballot boxes will give the entire power of the government to what is called the free-states. But the south will allow no such issue to be made at their expense. They stand upon an : equality of rights as sovereign and independent | states, and will not permit a double advantage | to be taken by the north and east—pecuniary and political. Let the honest yeomanry of the cast and north, untainted by tins fictitious sym pathy and by this political trickery, demand, for the sake of the Union, a prompt settlement of all these questions by Congress, so that the pub lic interests may be protected, and the business of the peonle promptly attended to and faithfully discharged by their representatives. J rom the Angusta Chronicle &. Sentinel LATER FROM EUROPE. ARRIVAL OF THE STEAMER CANADA. One Week Later Intelligence. Further advance in Cotton of l-B<£ Fair Upland 6 7-B d.; Fair Orleans 7 1-ldL Business gen erally improving. Baltimore, May 2, The Canada arrived at 10 o’clock to-day, bringing Liverpool dates to the 20th ult. Liverpool Market. Liverpool, April 20— Cotton. —The Ni ! agara arrived at this port on the 16th, ami her j news from the United States caused cotton to advance lolly l-Bd. on all description. Sales |of the week 61,000 bales. The Cotton cir cular ol the Board ol Brokers, dated Liver -1 pool, I’ lid ay evening, 19th, gives ffie follow ing as the Committees’ quotations-: Fair Orleans 71J Fair Mobile ‘ Fatr Uplands? ... GJJ. The circular says: “INO doubt the short re ceipts in America, too serious to be overlook ed, must produce a powerful impression ore all parties interested.” The Havre Cotton Market was firm and active. Money Market, —Consols had fluctuated from 85 1-2 to 96, the closing price on Fri day. American securities-had advanced ter 111. Others unchanged. Business From the manufacturing dis tricts the intelligence was- more cheering, and business generally somewhat improved. The advices from China and India were also sat isfactory.