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Disunion Commercially Considered. The agitation of the subject of slavery which threatens to dissolve the Union, involves some very serious reflections, particularly to that portion of the community engaged in commerce, and tho inland trade between the North and South. A glance at some of our business streets exhibits the immence trade with the South and Southwest, and we contemplate with satisfac tion the importance and value of the South to the North. It would be better if some of our legislators understood more thoroughly the statistics of trade between the North and the South, and between the United States and foreign coun tries. They would be better enabled to esti mate the consequences that would be sure to follow disunion, upon the value of every spe cies of property at the North, as well as its ef fect in revolutionizing trade at the North, and changing its location to the South. Gould these important points be seen by our public men at Washington, a better feel ing would prevail, and less acrimony would show itself in meeting the questions which now agitate the whole country. The Agricultural interests of the United States are paramount to all others, for, upon this branch of industry, Commerce is support ed, and Manufactures thrive. If we look at that section of the Union which grow for ex port the largest in amount, and by far the most important commodity of any of the pro ductions of this country, or of the whole world, we see that the South, where slave labor is employed, furnishes in cotton alone, the whole Uuion a large proportion of the means to pay for the imports from foreign coun tries. The following table will show the value of such articles of Agriculture produced at the .South, as will always command a foreign mar ket —for the past three years, viz: 1849. 1848. 1847. I Cotton, - - 895,250,000 7 1,020,000 72,905,000 1 Tobacco, - - 0,616,741 8,756,360 11,008,200 Rice,- - - 3,841,964 3,575,895 3,091,255 Aaval Stores, 1,624,190 1,861,319 1,798.612 1 8107,332,895 88,810,574 88,803,027 To flic above may be ad ded SuLrar ses, - - -$18,417,500 16,180,000 22,746,130 Total Agricul tural Pro ductions of the slave States, 8125,750,395 105,302,574 111,549,457 Os which, there were exported to Foreign coun tries, during the same period, derived from offi cial returns, viz:— 1849. 1848. 1847. Cotton, - - 06,396,907 61,998,294 53.415,878 Tobacco, - - - 5,804,207 7,551,122 7,242,086 Rice, - - - 2,569,362 2,331,824 3,605,896 Naval Stores, - 815,161 752,303 759,221 875.615,700 72,633,513 65,023,051 ft will be seen by the above tables that not only did the South furnish the staples, amount ing to 875,615,700, in 1849, to pay for our imports in part to foreign countries, but re served a large amount for domestic consump tion. Every dollar of these exports from the South, was the productions of her own soil, and without which, our foreign trade would have been just so much the more circum scribed. It is well known that the North receive the great bulk of the importations from foreign countries; —that without the moans furnished to us in Cotton, Rice and Tobacco, avo should lie without tho elements for conducting so profitably, and to such an extent, foreign com merce. Without these staple productions of the South, we should be enable to buy, or in other words, to pay for the numerous articles of necessity, and luxury, that make up our catalogue of importations. We annex the following tables to show the extent of tho import trade carried on almost exclusively by Northern capital. Statement of the value of imports into the Uni ted States for the last three years, designat ing the proportion received at the North and at the South: 1849. 1848. 1817. New York, - 92.736,497 94,525,141 84.167,352 Boston, -- - 26,327,874 28,647,707 31,477,008 Other Northern Torts, -- 14,716,030 11,200,013 11,161,667 Total N’th., 133,780,361 137,372,891 129,806,027 Now Orleans, - 8,077,910 9,380,139 9,222,969 Charleston,-- 1,310,501 1,185,299 1,580,658 Other Southern Torts, 1,G88,577 6,760,298 5,931,978 Total South, - 14,077,078 17,626,036 16,738,605 From the above it is clearly shown that the North acts as the great shopkeeper for the South. She employs us to take her produc tions, send them to foreign countries to be sold, and returned in iron, cloth, and other ar ticles. Dissolve the Union, and she would act. as her own shopkeeper. She employs us, because we have ships and capital invested in commerce. Compel her to establish a South ern confederacy, and she must act for herself. She can build her own vessels, till them with the products of her own soil, and imporf ncr own goods, not from the North, but from those foreign countries who now- buy her cotton, rice and tobacco. This trade the North would lose. If wc look at the wealth and splendor in our large Northern cities, wc see cvidencies of the pro iits derived from commerce and tradewith the South. It is safe to estimate fifty per cent, after paying duties, upon the cost piice of most of the articles imported into the United States before they reach the consumer. Who gets this fifty per cent? It is divided between the commission merchant, ship-owner, import ter, banker and wholesale and retail dealers. All, except the latter, are identified with the institutions of the North —and who’ in a body realize in profits out of this foreign trade an amout equal to the whole value of the Cotton crop. What would be the consequences if the North were deprived of this immense inland trade with the South, by far the most impor tant of any branch, connected as 4 is with their shipping ami manufacturing interests. Destroy the intercourse between the North and South, and one of the very first acts that claim the attention of the South would be to engage in foreign commerce. They would not only do it in preference to buying from ■he North, but would be compelled to take articles of foreign manufacture in return for their cotton, rice, tobacco, Arc. which the North would be shut out from, just to the ex tent the consumption of the Free States woukl permit; for it is not fikely the South would allow the North to compete with her in the manufacture of coarse eotton goods’ when they would have the ability of fixing an export duty on raw cotton to the Free States, that would ensure a preference of their own man ufactures in foreign markets, where Nothem fabrics have had the preference of the whole work!.. What a picture for the North to con template! What articles of production, be fci< les manufactured goods, would they be en abled to export to carry on even a competition “fill the South in commerce ? The following tobies show the extent of the exports from the Free States for the last three years: Summary of the value of exports of such arti cles as tr ere produced by the Free States, or from abroad by the capital of such as are identified urith the interests of the Free States, viz: 1849. 1848. 1847. Fisheries- - - - 512.177 718,797 795,850 Oil& whalebone 1,876,074 1,075,327 2,480,716 Candles 159,403 186,839 191,467 Skins, Furs and Gin seng------839.194 770,427 811,612 Lumber and articles manufactured front wood 3,718,033 5,066,877 3,806.341 Ashes 515,603**100,477 608,000 Trovision est. - 10,000,000 8,800,000 7,300,000 Breadstuff's “ 19,000,000 18,000,000 42,000,000 Miscellaneous “ 1,*00,000 1,500,000 1,200,000 38,420,484 36,584,744 59,203,986 Add manufactur ed goods, esti mated - - 12.000,000 11,000,000 9,000,000 §50,420,484 48,584,744 68,203,986 This table goes farther to show the conse quences that would result from disunion, than any other proof we could have adduced. It would not only be mortifying, but disastrous to all of the great interests the North have at stake, to have their foreign trade cut down from 150 millions to 50 millions of dollars. How would such a state of things-afi’ect real estate in the cities of the North ? What would be the effect in this oity alone! Such a falling off in the commerce of N. York, would at once be felt in every department of business. If the Slave States are driven to a separation rom the Free States, the decline of the North hi her commercial ascendency may be dated from that event, it would require more space than we can allow here, to trace the ruin that would follow to commerce, trade manufac trues and to credit generally. We, at the North, would have, besides a deranged currency at home, most of our own State and Government securities now owned in Europe, back upon our market, to absorb what ready capital we possessed, and which would be required at such a crisis to assist in establishing anew order of things ; for it would be folly to sup pose that we could go on and supply, for any length of time, the South with the manufac tures of the North, upon the same terms as heretofore. The tarilF upon Northern Manufactures woukl be so framed as to give preference to those of Europe; consequently, one of the new changes would be the removal to the South of hosts of importers many of whom are foreigners, and have no particular predi lection for the North over the South. They could as well conduct their business in Charles ton and Savannah, as New York and Phila delphia. Another change would be, the re moval of numerous small manufacturers, and in time many large ones too. It is impossi ble to depict the consequences of disunion upon the trade and commerce of the whole country, for it cannot be denied that the South would at first suffer, but past experience shows that the North has every thing to lose while the South has but little to gain. We trust that, with these facts before the whole commercial people of the United States, the North w ill not refuse to meet the subject now agitating the whole length and breadth of the land, in such liberal manner, as will perma nently settle the great questions at issue. New York Courier Sp Enquirer. From the London Time?, April 19. Ueatli of Mr. Calhoun. By the death of John C. Calhoun, of which the mail just arrived from the United States brings us the intelligence, America has lost one of the brightest ornaments that have grac ed the federal councils since the estabishrnent of the government. It will be difficult to supply the void created by this melancholly event, the South being left, at so critical a moment in her affairs, without a leader in whom she cau rely, and at the mercy of a set unscrupulous politicians, who are chiefly remarkable for their recklessness in debate, and their incapacity in action. The departed statesman has been so long and so intimately connected, in oue way or another with the Federal Governmant and legislature, that, for the greater part of the last half century, he has been one of the acknowledged pivots on which public affairs in America revolved, and however mistaken, in the opinion of many, he may have been in some of his long and brilliant career, the good has predominated greatly over the evil, in the influence which he has exerted over the general fortunes of his country. Mr. Calhoun was a native of South Caro lina, where he was born in 1782; and was just entering his G9th year at the time of his decease. Ilis father was an Irish emigrant; his mother Virginian, but Irish by descent.— 11 is early inclinations were for the quietude and even tenor of a planter’s life; but the so licitations of others drove him first into a pro fessional and afterwards into a political career. It was not long after his return from Yale College, at which he greatly and rapidly dis tinguished himsef, ere he vaulted into the po litical arena—serving with great credit to him self, for two cessions, in the local Legislature of his native State. But it is from 1811 that his public life may be regarded as really da ting its commencement, when he took his seat in Congress as one of the Representatives of South Carolina, at a most critical juncture in his country’s affairs, with a view to which both he and his colleagues were chiefly select ed to represent the State. His first session at ; Washington was what is known in American ; history as the war session of the twelfth Con gress, the events of which took a turn, which | has rendered it almost as memorable in Brit ish as in American annals. In these events, | young and inexperienced as he then was, Mr. | Calhoun bore a very prominent part. His ; reputation having preceded him to Washington ’ he was appointed second of the Committee ; on Foreign Relations, always the most im portant committee of the session, but at that time peculiarly so. The Chairman of the : Committee soon afterwards retiring from Congress, Mr. Calhoun, in his twenty-nigth year, occupied that honorable and then high ly responsible post. It was in this capacity that towards the close of the session, he re ported and carried through the House, the bill declaring war against Great Britain. So prominent was the position assumed by the young and rising statesman, on the occasion of his first appearance in Washington. It was during this session likewise that he first developed to the public that firm and un compromising hostility to all restrictions upon trade winch, ever afterwards distinguished : him. Even at the time when they were re j sorted to as defensive measures by the gov : ernment at Washington, he bold}}-, and at no little risk to his popularity, attacked the em bargo and the restriction and non-importation acts as measures highly prejudicial in an eco nomical point of view, whilst they failed to secure the political object which had led to their adoption. It w*as in delivering himself j of those opinions that he enunciated those ! broad principles of economical science to which he ever afterwards steadily adhered and in the early espousal of which he was so far in advance of nine-tenths of the leading statesmen of his time. Notwithstanding this he has been falsely accused by some, as the author of the protective system tn America.— The cliarge, than which none can be more un founded, is made to rest upon the fact that he assented to and chiefly promoted the high tariff of 1846. But that tariff was neither proposed nor adopted with a view to protec tion, but simply with a view to revenue, the policy of the government then being to raise as large a revenue as possible, with a view to the speedy extinguishment of the debt occa sioned by the the war. That the tariff in question gave a great stimulus to the manu facturing interest, which has since been in cessantly clamoring for protection, is not to be denied; but this was one of the results, though not the object of the tariff. Since that time he struggled to regulate the exigen cies of the treasury by a constant regard to the strictest economy, and to adjust the tariff on an exclusively revenue basis. It was during one of the most memorable of the con tests which this question gave rise, that, in 1832, he threatened to dissever the Union, unless regard were had, in the financial poli cy of the country, to the interests of the South. At that time, he obtained only a compromise, but his views and principles tri umphed in 1846, when Congress, confiding itself with a view solely to the exigencies of the revenue. To detail Mr. Calhoun’s progress in public life would be but to recapitulate the history of his country for the last 40 years. Suffice it to say, that in or out of Congress lie was ev er a man of action—lns name was associated more or less with all the more prominent e vents of his time. It was during the Presiden cy of Mr. Monroe, that after having distin guished himself for many years in the capac ity of a legislator, an opportunity was afford ed him of developing his administrative power. For upwards of seven years he presided over the war department, during which time he in troduced reforms and enforced an economy which some of our ow n administers would do well to study. About the close of Mr. Mon roe’s second term, he Avas nominated with five others for the Presidency. Ilis name, howev er, was soon afterwards w ithdrawn, but al though there was, on that occasion, no elec tion of President by the people, Mr. Calhoun was chosen Vice President by a large majori ty. On the expiry of his term he returned to the Senate, as one of the two representatives of South Carolina, in which body he remained till the hour of his death. It was also in that body that, in 1846—lie who had in 1812 suc cessfully advocated a resort to arms, when he regarded a different course inconsistent with either honor or safety; calmly, resolutely, and successfully opposed the warlike projects formed by a reckless band upon an imbecile administration for an incommensurate object. If Mr. Calhoun was the author of the decla ration of the war in 1812, it was to his tem perate counsels and great influence that the world, in a great degree, owed the mainte nance of peace in 1846. The subjects with which Mr. Calhoun, du ring his long public career, was most promi nently mixed up, were such as had reference to banking, currency, the tariff, the independ ent treasury system, state l ights, and the ap propriation and the distribution of the pro ceeds of the public lands. In statue and appearance Mr. Calhoun was tall, and thin almost to being emaciated. He was a man of great energy, both mental and physical, although never possessed of robust health. II is temperament was highly nervous notwithstanding which he had schooled him self into great self-command. His action was prompt as his preemptions were quick. His eloquence was nervous, but seldom impassion ed, a strong vein of common sense constantly characterising his most ambitious efforts at oratory. Ilis action, whilst speaking, was devoid of animation, but his Avords flowed forth in a torrent at once rapid and voluminous. Ilis reading was great, his aequirments were comprehensive. His mind was prone to gen eralisation, and there was scarcely an occur rence on which he commented, which he did not readily refer to its governing principle.— In his private relations he was accessible and affable to a degree. His honesty and sincer ity of purpose, even in his most mistaken moods, w-ere too obvious to be doubted. His society and conversation had about them a charm and a fascination that drew multitudes about him, but particularly the young. There was sweetness in his voice, kindness in his deportment, and truthfulness in the mild lustre of his large grey eye. Every one in his pres ence was at once at his ease, for w hilst there was nothing sinister in his glances, so there was no ambiguity in his words. In this, as in many other respects, he was in perfect con trast to Mr. Webster, that powerful, magnifi cent, but repulsive man. It is not easy to determine whether, in tins crisis of her affairs, America has gained or lost by the death of Mr. Calhoun. The great error of his life was his position with regard to slavery. He was early selected as the champion of Southern interests, and what be gan by being a policy, became at length with him a creed. His chief object was to main tain, in the federal councils, a balance of pow er between the Northern and Southern sec tions of the Union, audit was because he fore saw- the danger to that policy, which would arise from the spoliation of Mexico, that he resolutely resisted the Avar, so iniquitously precipitated with that republic. The event has justified his fears. The two sections of the Union are iioav arrayed against each oth er in a conflict which can only terminate by one or the other going virtually to the Avail; and this crisis has been superinduced by the acquisition of California. Had Mr. Calhoun led the moderate section of the Southern party his death at this moment Avould have been an almost irreparable loss. But placed as he Avas necessarily at the head of the violent and sectorial party in the South, who regard the Union as a secondary consideration to the maintenance of slaA-erv, under his poAverful guidance it is not easy to say to Avhat lengths this faction Avould have gone; but iioav that lie is struck doAvn, it will he abandoned to the direction of a host of incompetent and reck less leaders, Avhose extravagances aa ill very soon rally a majority even in the South around the standard of the Union. Under all the cir cumstances of the case, therefore, it is per haps better for the Union and for himself that Mr. Calhoun has been withdraAvn, although his death Avill be a great bloAv to that interest in the South, w hich he devoted so large a share of his energies to maintain. His last testa mentary speech to the Senate Avas an appeal on behalf of slavery. Taking liim all in all, with his virtues, Avhich Avere many,, and his faults, AA-hich, though great, Avere few, America, in the person of Mr. Calhoun, has lost a Statesman &f which she ought to be, is, and ever Avill’be r proud. The last and worst conundrum is, “what is the difference between a stubborn horse and a post age stamp ?” You lick one with a stick, and stick the other with a lick.—[Yankee B|ade. Sir. John Franklin. —There are statements in the papers lhat news has been received over land by the west of facts which it is said, lead to the hope that Sir John Frankling is alive and safe. The English papers sav that tAVO women, while in the clairA-oyant state; ha\’e seen and describ ed the luckless naA-igator and also his position in the rock-iibbed fastnesses of the arctic regions. One of them lives at Balton, and according to her account, the A-essels of both Sir John Frank lin and Sir James Ross, are frozen up in a place j supposed to be Prince Regent’s Inlet, in sight; of each other. Sir John expected to be out of the ice and on his way home within nine months. ] Os the other case the following narrative is j given. The woman was a resident ofLi\-erpool, and Avas put into the clairvoyant state by re- : quest of Lady Franklin. What she said Avhile i in this situation, is thus narrated : “Did you say,” inquired the operator, “that Sir John Franklin is dead?” And to this and other questions the clairvoyan s e .ponded, “that j cannot be, for I see him ; poor fellow, he looks : sad and wearied, and not so Avell as when I Avas ; last here. [The girl had previously been sent in search of the missing expedition.] lie says he is poorly and tired, and almost worn out Avith hopes deferred; but his men con o'e him and behaA'e nobly. God never made a path through these desolate Avastes. What could induce him to try to break through these icy mountains?— He frequently thinks of the folly of his daringto do so. Such thoughts humble him, and make him sad and hopeless ; and yet he thinks he will succeed in returning to Englant. He is right. He will return in six months and three or four days. The ships are at great distance from each other. They look dirty and battered. They ha\-e no sales set. They (the seasmen) are cut ting the ice before them. In some places it ap pears as thick as two houses; in others, like mountains They (the A-essels) are in a differ ent places now to what they Avere Avhen I was last here. They are now where ships neA-er sail ed before. They are not returning the same road they went. They are going that way, (pointing to the Avest.) What can be the use of this road. It ought neA-er to have been sailed. It will never-be sailed again. lie has seen some of tne natures. They are wild, stupid and un communitative. The vessels sent out to search for him (Sir John Franklin) will not find him ; they will cross each other, and he will be first heard of at. a place called the G’ape. It appears to haA-e no other name.” It is singular that a Yankee clairvoyant avo man about the same time declared the safety of the navigator, and also that he Avould return home at the same time stated above. We shall see how true these things are presently. Problems in Natural History. The greyhound runs by eyesight only, and this A\-e observe as a fact. The carrier pig eon flies liis two hundred and fifty miles home- Avard, by eyesight, viz., from point to point of objects Avhich lie has marked; bat this is only our conjecture. The fierce dragon-fly, Avith tAvel\-e thousand lenses in liis eye, darts from angle to angle Avith a rapidity of a flash ing BAvord,and as rapidly darts back—not turn ing in the air, but Avith a clash reversing the action of his four Avings, and instantaneously calculating the distance of the objects, or he Avould dash himself to pieces. But iu what confirmation of his eye does this consist? No one can ans Aver. A cloud of ten thousand gnatsdance up and doAvn in the sun, the minutest interveal be tween them, yet no one knocks another head long upon the grass, or breaks a leg or a Aving, long and delicate as these are. Suddenly, amidst your admiration of this matchless dance, a peculiarly high-shouldered vicious gnat, Avith long, pendent nose, darts out of the rising and fallen cloud, and settling on your check inserts a poisonous sting. What possessed the little Avretcli to do this ? Did he smell your blood ii* the mazy dance ? No one knows. A four-horse coach come sud denly upon a flock of geese on a narrow road, and drives straight through the middle of them. A goose Avas never yet fairly run over; nor a duck. They are under the very Avheels and hoofs, and, yet, somehoAv, they contrive to to flap and Avaddle safely off. Habitually stupid, heavy, and indolent, they are neverthe less equal to any emergency. Why does the lonely Avoodpecker, when he descends his tree and goes to drink, stop several times on his way—listen and look round—before ho takes his draught ? No one knoAvs. Hoav is it. that the species of ant, which is taken in battle by other ants to be made slaves, should be the black, or negro ant ? No one knows. A large species of the star-fish (Luidiafra gillissima) possesses the poAver of breaking itself into fragments, under the influence of terror, rage, or despair. “As it does not gen erally break up,” says Professor Forbes, “ be fore it is raised above the surface of the sea, cautiously and anxiously I sunk my bucket, and proceeded in the most gentle manner to introduce Luidia to the upper element.— Whether the cold air Avas too much for him, or the sight of the bucket too terrific, I knoAv not, but in a moment he proceeded to dissolve his corporation, and at every mesh of the dregs, his fragments were seen escaping. In despair I grasped at the largest, and brought up the extremity of an arm with his termina ting eye, and spinous eyelid of Avhich opened and closed Avith something like a Avink of derision.” With this exquisite speciman of natural history Avonders, for Avliicli naturalists can only vouch that “such is the fact,” and ad mit that they knoAv no more, Ave shall close our digression. You see that young crab bloAving bubbles on the seashore —such is the infancy of science. He A\-aits patiently for the rising tide, AA-hen all these globules of air shall be fused in a great discovery. [The Poor Artist. The Outwitted Coachman. On last Saturday a coach was waiting at a late hour of the night, near the Parg of St. Cloud, on the Sevre side. There are always on Saturday a large number of citizens who fear are too late for the railroad, and of this class the ingenious coachmen speculate bring ing their coaches, accidentally, of course, in the path which leads to the station. The coachmen never depart until they have secured the four passengers necessary to fill their seats. Outside the barriers the coach men are sovereigns, and they use their right. The excellent comedian G ,of the Comedian Francaisc, having dined too late at the house of a friend at Sevres, found that the last train had left when he reached the station of Montretout, and noticing a fiacre near, he said to the coachman : “Will you set out immediately ?” “Yes,” responded the coachman, “if you’ll pay for four places,” “How much “Twenty francs.” “It is too dear.” “Well, get in, three other passengers,” said the coachman, “will not be long in com- The actor determined to punish, by a trick, the exorbitant pretensions of the coachman. He entered the coach, with the lightness and agility of a young man ; the coachman clos ed the door and gazed down the Sevres road to watch the arrival of the three other pas sengers. While the coachman was making his ob servations, G , opened the other door of the fiacre, and glided out in the dark; leav ing his overcoat, and making a long circuit, he presented himself, limping to the coach man, and in a cracked voice, demanded if he was going soon. “Immediately,” said the coachman; “you are second and two others will soon coine.” G mounted painfully into the carriage; the door was closed, and the other door open ed without noise. The third disguised was that of an old man. G had all the masks and all the voices at his disposition. “Sir,” said the coachee to the pretended old man, “I will set out immediately. You are the tliird, the fourth passenger is in the house, just getting his hat on ” The fourth, as the others, was a fantastic image to the coachman’s mind, who would never have come had not G , using for the last time stratagem, resumed his overcoat and appeared before the coachman as a young man excited by the wine of a feast of at least twenty-four covers. “If you are in as great a hurry as you say,” cried the coachman, with a triumphant air, “jump in and we will start immediately, as you make the load complete.” “Get on your seat, then,” said the artist, as he closed the door. The fiacre started ofF on a gallop. It bore but one passenger. The horses did not com prehend the mystery ; and the coachman was astonished at their swiftness. At the Palace de la Concorde,as ordered, the coach stopped. The artist, G , opened the door himself, gave his five francs to the coachman, and dis appeared. The coachman waited at the steps for the throe others to dismount. Nobody came. “They are sleeping,” murmured the coachman ; and he stuck his head in the coach to awaken them. Darkness was in the inte rior of the fiacre. He reached his hand and felt on the seats for the three other passengers. Nobody ! lie remained as petrified and im movable as the neighboring obelisk. Matrimonial Anecdote. The Rev. Mr. D , a respectable cler gyman in the interior of a certain State, relates the following anecdote. A couple came to get married; after the knot was tied, the bride groom addressed him with, “How much do you ax, Mister?” “Why,”replied the clergyman, “I generally take what is offered me. Sometimes more, sometimes less. I leave it to the bridegroom.” “Yes, but how much do you ax, Isay?” repeated the happy man. “I have just said,” returned the clergyman, “that I left to the decision of the bride-groom. Some give me ten dollars, some five, some three, some two, someone, and some only give a quarter of a dollar!!” “A quarter, ho!” said the bridegroom,‘well, that’s as reasonable as a body could ax. Let me see if I’ve got the money.” He took out his pocket-book; there was no money there; he fumbled in all his pockets, but not a sixpence could be foumd. “Dang it,” said he. “J thought I had some money with me; but I recollect now, ’twas |in my tother trowser’s pocket. Hetty have I you got such a thing as two shillings about ! you ?” “Me ?” said the bride, with a mixture of shame and indignation. “I’m astonished at ye, to come to be mar ried without a cent of money, to pay for it! If I’d known it before, I would’nt come a step with ye, ye might have gone alone to get married, for all me.” “Yes, but consider, Hetty,” said the bride groom, in a soothing tone, “we are married I now, and it can’t be helped ; if you’ve got sieh ; a thing as a couple of shillings ’ ‘Here, take ’em,’ interrupted the angry bride I who during this speech had been searching | for her workbag, ‘and don’t you,’ said she* ! with a significant motion of the finger,’ don’t you serve me another sieh a trick.! “So there’s been another rupture of Mount Vociferous said Mrs Partington, as she put down the paper and put up her specs—“the paper tells all about the burning lather run ning down the mountain, but it don’t fell us how it got afire. I wonder if it was set fire to. There aro many people full wicked enough to do it, or perhaps it was caused by children playing with frictious matches. I w ish they had sent for our Boston firemen; they would soon have put a stop to the rag ing aliment; and I dare say Mr. Barnacle and all on ’em would have gone for they aro what I call real civil engineers.’ There was a whole broadside of commendation of our fire department in the impressive gesture accompanying her words. “Time and space” for a moment became annihilated, and imag ination figured the Boston engines pouring their subduing streams upon the flames of Vesuvius, and “hold on seving,” “break her down twelve,” rising above the vain roarings of the smothering crater. Dissatisfied with iiis Counsel. —An Irishman, a few days since, was convicted in the Municipal Court of an offence for which Judge Bigelow sent him to the House of Cor rection. Just as Patrick was stepping- into the coach, his legal adviser approached him and whispered something in his ear—the na ture of which the reader will divine by Pat's answer, which was rendered in a wry deci sive tone: “Not a cint!—ye tliafe o’ world! had yez been workin’ the hafl’ as haird to git me clare as the ould white-headed divil did to convict me, I wuldn’t bin in this dirtily ould cart now! D’ye mind that ?—son o’ the divil that ye are ! Nixt time I’ll be gittin’ that ould grey-headed giutleman to defend me, an’ sure yell be git tin’ no more o’ me patthronage if yes starve for the nade iv it, —och, ye palthry pitty-/pg gcr, don’t be bodtherin’ me jist as yez sec I’m to start on a tlira moonths journey !”—Bos ton Bee. Standard of Excellence. —“ Who is that noisy, drunken fellow, that Mr is dealing so gently with?” “Who ?—that man with the green flannel coat on ?” “Yes.” “Hush k—don’t let him hear you !”—(hol ding his head close to his companion’s ear) — “that man works forty hands ’ He’s on a lit tle spree now—but lie’s a perfect gentleman when he’s sober! The speakers parted and we turned sorrow fully away, marvelling greatly why any man who is entitled to the epithet of “gentleman” while sober, should even forfeit that title by getting drunk ? The ways of man, as well as Providence, are sometimes mysterious! “Dimity.” —Nothing can so fortify the heart against vice as the love of a virtuous woman. If you would avoid State Prison, therefore, tie yourself to calico as soon as possible. For the morals, there is nothing like “dimity,” after all. It is even ahead of rattan. Scotch Anecdote. —An old lady was tel ling her grand-children about some trouble in Scotland, in the course of which the chief of her clan was beheaded; “It was nae great thing of a head, to be sure,” said the good old lady, “but it was a sad loss to him.” ‘•What are you writing such a big hand Pot?” “Why, you see. my grandmother’s dafe. and I’m writing a loud letter to her.” English Sailors Won’t Fight Against Ame rica.—A series of inquiries is now going on in England, which is decidedly alarming to British naval supremacy, evidencing, as the results do to a great extent, a better feeling towards Amer ica by British sailors than to their own country. The superiority of American merchant captains over British was lately admitted by Mr. Labouc here, to the British Parliament; and the follow ing curious and interesting details from the Lon don Morning Chronicle, of 12th ult, from the mouths of sailors examined, show not only how much better is our merchant service generally, but an alarming disaffection among British sail ors, which would prove most disastrous to Eng land in case of war with us. One of the British, a man of very quiet, sedate demeanor, express ed himself thus: — “It’s a far better service than the English—bet ter wages, better meat, and better ships. No half-pounds of meat shorter there; eat when you are hungry, and the best of grub. What goes into and English ship’s cabin goes into an American ship’s forecastle. The Americans are fast getting the pick of the English navy. “Nothing will check the desertion in the Eng lish service but better wages, better treatment, and better food. The discipline is much the same on board the American as on board the English ships. An English seamen is very lit tle thought of in his own country, but lie’s well thought of in America. He’s a man there. “I would'nt fight for England against Ameri ca, but for America against England. I'll not tight for a country that starves and cheats you.” Another—a fine fellow, who had been oil and on in the American service these last years, held this language: “If a war broke out with the United States, in my opinion, the sailors on board the British merchant ship wouldn’t fight against America. What have they to tight for ? An English sea man feels he hasn’t his just rights; give him them, and he’ll fight like a bull for the island. That’s my opinion, and I feed it, and its the opin ion of plenty that I know. It is this, and such iike things, that make us care nothing for the country. Why should we ? Now, what have we to care for ? We are slaves on salt water, and the captain is a god. ‘Britains never shall be slaves,’ is all stuff now—regular stuff, sir.— I’m disgusted to hear it. Why, a Russian is happier in his slavery and his ignorance than is an Englishman with any feeling, if lie’s poor.” Several others testified to the same effect, de claring that arguments as to sides in fitting are very common on board ship. A lisping, bashful sort of a genius went to see his sweetheart one night, and being rather hard run for matter of conversation said to her after a long pause. ‘Tlially did you ever thee an owl ?—What cuthed big eythes they got, haint they Thally ? The other day Mr. invited his doctor to dine. As dinner was being served, a beautiful little blue-eyed girl exclaimed: “Oil! lam glad when you come to dine, doctor.” “You are very fond of me, then, my child ?” inquired the doctor. “Oh! no; but we always have a pie when you come ?” [Yankee Blade. From the (Milledgcvillc) Southern Recorder. The Improvement of land. Messrs. Editors:—We have heard and read so much about the improvement of land, and seen .so little practical demonstra tion of it, that it has become as a “sounding brass or tinkling cymbal!” Many of us, when we see an article on the improvement of land, pass it by without reading it. Why is this the case? Are our farmers less energetic, more indolent, and more careless, than the farmers of other sections ? Are not our lands as ea sily improved as the land in other States and other countries ? Perhaps the answer is this: the plan of improvement recommended is not adaptnd to our section. Whether this be the case or not, is for others to judge ; hut one thing is certain, the farmers generally will not go into the practice of manuring their land, until land become scarcer by being more thickly inhabited, and until it commands a great deal higher price than it does at pres ent. The great trouble and expense of ma king manure, of hauling it out and spreading it on the land, will prevent mauy from at tempting it. Indolence will prevent others. The fact is, making manure in lots, hogpens, eowpens, or what not, is not adopted to the cotton plantations of the South, the assertions and recommendations of others to the contra ry notwithstanding. Readerifyou doubt this, let us hear from you; tell us of your plan, and what is still more desirable, whether you ac tually do manure your laud or not. Ido not mean one acre nor five, hut all the land you cultivate. A gentleman in Hancock county, a few years ago, recommended the plan of making a manure crop (if you will have it by that name) at the same time with the other crop with separate hands to work in each the year round, those who worked at the manure were not to go in the crop, except at a push of time, (or rather a push of grass,) which is shure to come. These hands were to make the manure and spread it; they were to be provided with all necessary implements, wag ons, &c., hut so far as my information ex tends, no one has adopted the plan, and I reckon the author of it has failed to sdopt it himself. - Blit after all,, I am in favor of making ma nure: Make what- you can ;if you can’t ma nure your whole crop, manure a part. Save what manure you can, and if you have any spare time, haul in leaves, straw, &c., and when it is \Velltrod, throw it up in pens to rot. Then haul it out and spread it on your land broadcast, and you will get well paid for it. Better have five acres of rich land than none. Having rambled thus far, I will come to the subject which I intended to discuss. RESTING LAND AND TIIE PEA VINE. Most farms have a sufficient quantity of open land to rest a portioji every year; and where this is not the case, it can easily be made so. Every farmer should have open land enough so as not to be compelled to cul tivate any field every year. Every other year would do, but one in three would do better now—than it was twenty years ago. To the truth of this many are ready to testify. This land has been cultivated in cotton, then corn, then small grain, and lay out the next year. It might have been greatly ben efitted by a [tea crop the last year. The pea vine is worth more to the South as a renova tor than clover is to the North ; that is, it im proves land faster than clover. Any worn out old fields in the South can be reclaimed and made to produce good crops by raising pea vines on the land every year. If the large old fields which are to be found on al most every farm, were plowed up in the spring, or rather burned over, and then in April or May laid off in rows three feet apart, and planted in peas, they would pay their owners well for the trouble and expense. They j would only need scraping off when about to j come up, and in about three weeks run round : them with a turning plow, or any other that j would throw dirt to the vine. I believe that any old land worked in this way would be better than planted in corn and peas both ; and one thing is certain, it would lie infinite ly better for the land. An interesting article on the great value of the pea-vine in renov ating old land, may be found in the Southern Cultivator for 46 or 7, from the pen of Mr. Cade of this State; a brief synopsis I will give. He had a field of 25 acres lying on a river, or in the junction of two, which was overflow ed in 1840, and so badly washed and damag ed that he turned it out, several years; final ly be concluded to experiment on it with the pea-vine, and accordingly he commenced in the spring and planted it with peas. In the fall, just before the time to sow wheat lie turned in his stock and let them stay aliout two weeks, and then sowed it in wheat, ma nuring the washed and pooT places with cot ton seed, 30 to 40 bushels per atfre.- The next year he harvested 100 bushels of wheat The stock were put in the field for about two weeks again, and then planted in peas, and thus he continued, peas and wheat, for three years. His next crop of wheat was dressed with perhaps 15 to 20 bushels of cotton seed to the acre, on the poorest spots —not all over the field broadcast —the yield 300 bushels. The last crop with a still lighter dressing of cotton seed on the poorer spots, \Vassoo bush els. The next year it was to be put in corn ; the result I have not learned. Will Mr. CV please inform us ? The result of this experiment is certainly sufficient to encourage others to do likewise^ In raising peas to improve land, we should raise those kinds which make the most vino - ,- as they will shade the land better. Reader, will you he so good as to toll us what kind of peas you raise in your section, and describe* their peculiarities. If yours are any better than ours, I should like to exchange with youV Twenty or thirty peas may be enveloped-in a letter and sent any where in the United States for about 20 cts. postage. We raise here the tory, cow, white 3 kinds, black, speckled, yellow flint, and some others. Some making a great deal of vine, others very little. Some early, others late. Some you may sow in the fall when you sow wheat, and they will come up next spring and make a tremendous crop of vines and peas. Such crops improve the land greatly, and the effect can be plain ly seen in the succeeding crop. This is less trouble than the plan above slluded to, and equally certain. None of our land is to poor too make peas when planted alone. I have seen a pretty fair crop of peas made on land that looked like it would not make more than a bushel of corn to the acre. Wm. C. Dickson. From the London Times. Culture of Cottou in Uritish Dependencies. “The law of supply and demand in the lever age which moves the commercial world. When an indispensable article of consumption becomes scarce, the value, as a natural consequence, rises in the market, just as it falls in value when there is a superabundance. Applying this incontro vertible tact to cotton, you would imagine, to hear certain sapient persons talk, that they de sired a bill of indictment against the whole of the Southern planters, because they cannot control the sessions, and furnish abundance of the raw material for all the spindles in the world.— These grumblers forget that the grower can no more regulate the price of cotton than he can mete out the sunshine which feeds, gr the frost which kills the plant. The Southerners engag ed in the cultivation of the staple might justly retort upon the lords of Cottonopolis in the lan guage of the ancient Briton : “If Ca\sar can hide the sun with a blanket, and put the moon in his pocket, we’ll pay tribute to him f .rdight ” “At the same time, when the equilibrium of prices has been destroyed by an unlooked for casuality.—when exclusive dependence upon a particular country for an essential article of com merce is found to interfere with the legitimate course of capital and labor, it becomes not only necessary but imperative to look elsewhere for a supply fully equal to the requirements of the times, so as to be provided lor every contingen cy ; and in this spirit we can discern nothing to censure, but, on the contrary, much to commend in the pains which are now taken to procure a supply of cotton from other parts of the world, to compensate for the unquestionable dtficie .cy of the American cron. •‘Much has been said and written about the capabilities ol India to send us as much cotton as we require, and to a certain degree of faith in the capacity ol” that country may be traced the anxiety with which the public has watched the formation of Indian railways, and the eagerness with which their progress and completion has been regarded. The East India Company has partaken largely ot this feeling, and has extended j a helping hand to two companies which have ! taken the field, and for which Acts of Parliament were passed in the last season. One of these companies will cut a line from Calcutta to Delhi; the other a line from Bombay to Kalliar, in the direction of the great cotton field of Ghauts.— These undertakings may be regarded as in prac tical operation, for the East India Company has guarantied a dividend on the outlay, which makes their completion a nfotter of certainty.— A third line from Madras to Arcot is also pro jected; but whether it will struggle into exist ; ence is at present somewhat questionable. Nev i ertheless, grave doubts exist whether the best in j ternal communication in the world would enable ; India to grow cotton in quantities suliicient to i affect the price in the home market. At pres i ent, India grows littie more than is required for I its own consumption and the export tradfc of China; and as to quality, it is impossible, under any circumstances, that the cotton of India can 1 | ever compete with the long staple of America. “Port Natal is also mentioned with encourage ment as a cotton growing district, but the small ness of the population, and the fact that no ves sel has ever yet sailed from D’Urban, the only port in the colony, direct to England, shows that a long period must elapse ere its developments can produce tangible results. “The most feasible scheme, of the many, which have been broached, is one put forward by the owners of property in British Guiana. The West India Association, in their petitions to Par liament, as well as in their memorial to the Col onial Secretary, make out a strong case on be half of the West Indies generally, and of Demer ara more especially. The labor question is at the bottom of all our West Indian difficulties.— Every plan adopted since the emancipation of the black population to secure a sufficiency of la bor has failed, and the Association ask, through Mr. F. Shand, their chairman, permission to en gage blacks on the coast of Africa on the plan which the British factories on the river. Bonny adopt with the natives of the Kroo coast—name ly, to hire them, say for five years, at the expira tion of which time they can return, if the y desire it, to their native country. In the estimation of many persons, this would be equivalent to a re newal of the slave trade; but if similar arrange ments were permitted in the case of the Coolies,- and in the one referred to—that of the Krotv blacks—we can see no sufficient reason why precautions might not be taken on the Africa is coast, as well as at Demerara, to protect the blacks who might willingly enter into these en gagements, from the possibility of wrong or inju ry. To no higher practical end could the naval force which excites Mr. Hutt’s antipathy be di rected, and judicious relations to the moral and physical condition of the laborers, instead of be ing deteriorated, would in reality be improved and elevated by the boor, which the West India Association solicit at the hands of Government and the country. If the experiment were tried ‘ in British Guiana, it might, if successful, be ex tended to the West India islands. “In the mean time the Southern planters of America, stimulated by the prices wntch now prevail, have every inducement to extend the cultivation, of cotton with, if possible, increased power and capital. Probably the next crop may, in its amplitude, compensate for the short ness of the last one, and the outcry which now exists for other fields of cultivation in various quarters of the globe, would, in the event of such a result, correspondingly abate. But at the same time they will read the signs which are every day passing around them very imperfect ly, if they do not perceive a fixed determination on the part of the merchants and ot this country and its Government, to rely less exclusively than heretofore on the cotton of the United States. —Expientia d<xct.'’