Below is the OCR text representation for this newspapers page.

SOUTHERN SENTINEL. I COLUMBUS, GEORGIA: THURSDAY MORNING, JUNE 6,1850. : To CoiiHF.ri'oNDENTs.—"A. I’. - ’ jj’ excluded by a ! rule to which we can not safely make an exception. If we admit an anonymous communication on one rnhjeet, it would be difficult to exclude any. ‘“Theta"’ came too late for tliis week’s paper. j ‘*Kosmos ■” and “Banquo,” ditto. Rail Road Cos. of 100 No. I.— We arc requested to give notice that there will be a meeting of the mem bers of this company in the Reading Room of this of fice on Saturday next, at 2 o'clock, p. m. Public Meeting. The Muscogee and Russel Agricultural Society, will meet at Concert Hall, on Monday, the 10th inst., at 10 o'eloek, A. M., for the transaction of ■ business of importance. The attendance of all the I members is asked, and of the friends of the enter- { prize, whether members or not. It is hoped that an 1 association so intimately eon nee-tod with the prosper- ; ily of the whole community, will be sustained with an energy and zeal worthy the cause which it seeks to promote, and qf the intelligence and enterprizc w.ueh characterize the population of Western Geor gia and Eastern Alabama. Come then, everybody, liom country and city, and let us prepare at once ! 1 >r the diiiusion of knowledge, and for the future ex hibition of the improvements which shall in due time, j with proper care and encouragement, be brought j forth as tile fruits of associated effort and consulta tion. •IAS. M. CHAMBERS, President. Columbus, June 4th, 1850. Pub. Doc.— We are indebted to Hons. T. 11. j Bailey and R. Toombs, for valuable documents. i Seven Days Later from Europe. The America has arrived, bringing Liverpool j dates to the 25th ult. The market was firm at the j Asia’s extreme quotations. Sales 32,000 bales, i The political affairs of Europe wore a much less threatning aspect than was indicated by the'Asia's accounts. Death of another U. S. Senator. —The people of South Carolina have been ngained called to mourn the and eafh of another honored son. The lion. F. 11. Elmore, who had but recently, by tlje executive ap pointment, taken the scat vacated by the death of Mr. Calhoun, died in Washington city at 11 r. m., on the 30th ult., after a brief illness. Speaking of the de ceased, the Charleston Courier says: ‘‘His com manding talents, his great practical ability, his politi- I til and personal influence, and Ids dfmitted public ! usefulness, placed him in the very front rank of our j statesmen, while his many virtues, noble qualities and ! amiable character, endeared him to the hearts of all who crnie within the sphere of his companionship or acquaintance.” His death is a blow to South Caro lina, but the entire South, not less than his own State, suffers from his loss to the councils of the country. The Crops.—The N. O. Price Current of Satur day contains intelligence of the growing cotton crop from eighteen of the best cotton counties of Mississip pi, from which it appears, that not more than one third of a crop can be relied on with any thing like probability. In this section the prospect is almost unprecedentedly gloomy. Senator Foote at Home.—From the subjoined extract from the Mississippian, the leading democrat ic journal of Mississippi, it tippears that the course of Senator Foote in sustaining tile compromise, meets with no countenance among his friends at home. There is no State more unwavering in lu r devotion to the cause of the South, than Mississippi, and when those whom her people have constituted leaders, fal ter in their duty, they must cither get of the way, or be run over by the independent sentiment of their constituency. The Mississippian says : “The course taken by Mr. Foote, in supporting the compromise bill, docs not meet with the sanction of our people. That bill contains no concession on the part of the Norlh, while it givcß up everything on the part of the South. It is with deep regret that we find opposed to us, a man whom we have always regarded with the warmest feelings of friendship, and we still hope— though it be hoping against hope—that he may yet be found fighting by our side, with the many patriots in our State, whose voices have been heard in behalf of the l ights of the South.” Steamboat Explosion.—The steamer St. Louis .collapsed two flues three miles below the city of St. Louis on the 28tli ult., killing twenty-five persons and wounding forty others, of whom, it is supposed, one half will not survive. Fixe Cigars.—M e are indebted to R. T. Simons, of the “Columbus Cigar Manufactory,” for a speci men of his manufacture in the shape of a bunch of unusually fine cigars, l-’rcsh as they were from the manufacturer’s table, they equalled in flavor any thin” we have seen in this line. “Bob” has also on hand, a lot of the “genuine Havana,” which he proposes to evil at the “lowest market price.” Give him a trial. Editorial Change.— The Washington Union of the Ist inst., announces the retirement of Mr. Burke? from the editorial department of that journal. Mr. Burke is one of the ablest and most dignified writers in the country. He retires on perfectly good terms with Mr. Ritchie, the senior Editor. The Atlantic Steamers.— We have now week ly mails from Liverpool, and ere long will doubtless have them twice a week. The Asia, which arrived on the 27th ult., made the trip from Liverpool to Boston in nine days and six hours ! The day is not far distant when we shall get Liverpool papers every morning not more than ten days after their publica tion. Thf. “Southern Press.”— We publish in another column the Prospectus of the new southern paper, which is to be published at Washington City. We hope all our subscribers will read the prospectus, and then send on their names and the money, to their Representative in Congress. Fire. —A disastrous conflagration occurred in Charleston, S. C., on the 29th ult., consuming prop erty to the value of $350,000 to $400,000. This is the seeond serious fire which has occurred in that city within two or three weeks past. Dictionary of Mechanics, Engine Work and Engineering by Oliver Byrne, Neiv York , D. Ap pleton J- Company. —We have received the first ten numbers of this work. It is to be completed in forty parts, at 25 cents each. Ten dollars in advance will secure the work free of postage, and to those inter ested in the subjects of which it treats, it would be cheap at four times that amount. See advertisement in another column. Homicide. —Mr. John T. Terry Jr. killed Mrp Stcphen Doles on Sunday last about five miles east o this city. Mr. Terry made his escape and has not since been arrested. The friends of the parties will be pleased to hear that the Rev. Dr. Boring with his travelling Com panions, reached San Francisco California, on the 15th of April. The Mobile RegUier infoinu us of the death of the Rev. Jxo. N. Maffitt in that city on the 28th ult.— He died suddenly, it is supposed of a disease of 4he heart. The Temperance Hall. —At the request of the Building Committee, we call the attention of subscri bers to the fact, that the new Hall is rapidly ap f i liing completion, and the funds which have been subscribed are very much needed. Many gentle men have doubtless delayed payment, under the im pression tiiat there was no present necessity for the money, and are prepared to do the needful whenever they are apprised of the demand for it. To all such we are authorized to say, the committee will be much obliged by an immediate payment. In addition to those who have already contributed for this praise worthy purpose, there are many gentlemen who have not yet subscribed. If any of our public spirited citizens have not yet done themselves the honor, and the city the service, to give any thing to the erection of the Hall, they can at any time do so, by making their wishes known to any member of the Building committee. There is not a building in the city which will add more to its appearance, or to the convenience of the public, than that which is now being erected, and we hope that no gentleman who is interested in either, will hesitate to contribute to its completion. The May Poems. —We conclude to day, the publi cation of the beautiful May day pieces, which were re cited by the young ladies of Mrs. llentz’s school at their celebration of the first of May last. They are the productions of Mrs. Ilentz’s pen. and do honor to a name already known wherever the literature of our country is appreciated. There arc sparkling gems of genuine poetry in these verses, which rank the gifted authoress among the first poets of America. We can not of course, undertake here to point out the beauties with which they abound, but we mark as particularly fine, the address of the second maid of honor, and the reply of the Queen to her. The addresses of the Sea sons, arealso remarkably beautiful. Indeed the whole production is one of uncommon merit, and deserves to be treasured in a more enduring form, than the col umns of a newspaper. Mr. Clay and the President. The day is rapidly approaching, when Gen. Taylor is about to realize in spite of himself, the pledge upon which he fought and triumphed in the contest for the presidency. He promised not to be the President of a party, and liis friends may now point to his hopeless abandonment by those who put him in office, as the glorious consummation of this disinterested promise.— He is emphatically, “not the president of a party.” — Mr. Clay, in a speech which is characterized as the greatest of his life, has declared Avar upon the adminis tration. He has denounced, in’terms which ha\‘e brought down upon his head, the anathemas of the government the Presidents scheme of non-action, as wholly inade quate to the demands of the country. It may not be inappropriate to consider briefly the terms respectively of the two propositions, and in this connection also, the plan of settlement, upon which we perceive the South ern men in Congress are uniting. In one particular, Gen. Taylor's plan, and the com promise proposed by Mr. Clay, are alike. They both propose to admit California with her prscsent limits and constitution, and in tliis respect they arc equally objectionable to the South. In the next place, as to the Territories of Utah and New Mexico, Mr. Clay proposes Disestablish Territorial governments without saying anything on the subject of slavery ; Gen. Tay lor, on the other hand, recommends that they lie left without any governments until they are sufficiently populated to come into the union as states. Under the former policy, Mr. Clay thinks the existing Mex ican laws will exclude slavery, and under the latter, it would be, from the operation of the same cause, equal ly prohibited; under neither therefore, is it thought, the South will be admitted to any participation in the Territories so far then as the rights of the South in the Territories, are concerned, she lias nothing to hope from either plan. In the third, place, Mr. Clay proposes to abolish the slave trade in the District of Columbia; Gen. Taylor proposes to leave that question untouched. In this particular therefore, the executive plan is decidedly preferable for the suutli. Fourthly as to the Texas question: Mr. Clay's compromise strips Texas of a large portion of her territory which now belongs to the South, and surrenders it to the tender mercies of Northern free soilism. Gen. Taylor leaves Texas un disturbed in the possession of all the territory ‘with which she came into the Union. Here it is evident, the South has the advantage under the policy of the administration. Lastly on the subject of the recovery of fugitive slaves. Mr. Clay proposes a measure which it is hoped may redress the grievances of the South in this particular; Gen. Taylor suggests no re dress at all. We arc liable, at this point to be deceiv ed by the shadow of kindness. The South has suffer ed grievously from the outrages of Northern opposition to the exercise of her right to recover fugitive slaves. Mr. Clay proposes to remedy tlie evil, but docs he do it ? If paper Quarantics could secure us in the exer cise of our rights, avc would have no cause of complaint. The constitution as plainly declares our right, and the correlative duty of the North, as legislation can do it, and if the former has been powerless for our protec tion, is it not vain to hope security from the latter ? these are the “five wounds,” of which Mr. Clay so eloquently spoke in his disparagement of the Presidents plan, and in what consists the peculiar recommenda tion of his compromise to ‘the South ? Nothing that we can sec; on the contrary, looking to the benefits which are to accrue to our own section from their res pective provisions, we have no hesitation in declaring our decided preference for the non action policy of the administration, with all its faults, to the boasted com promise of the “great pacificator,” if for no other rea son, than that the one deludes us Avith false promises Avliile the other, no less certainly, but more honestly, leaves us alone in the hands of the North. So liuieli for these modes of adjustment; let us look at the third, Avhich is now concentrating the support of southern men at Washington,—wc mean the Mis souri compromise. We think it is noAv very evident that one of these three bases is to be adopted in the settlement of the pending disturbances. The question is, which shall the South take? We arc not now dis cussing the open question, for if avc Avere, avc should spurn each of the three as a cheat upon the South; but if we arc to choose, Avhich shall avc accept. Thus narrowed, Ave cannot hesitate, nor do wc suppsoe any man at tlie South does, in liis preference for the last. If we are to go beyond the constitution in search of a remedy for our grievances, common sense dictates the selection of that Avhich most effectually secures us in the enjoyment of our share of the spoils. The Mis souri compromise is itself an infraction of the constitu tion, but so are the other plans, and tliis, in addition to the superior advantages which it guarantees to the South, possesses the further recommendation of hav ing been already adopted and acquiesced in. The llcme Journal.— With the first of July Will commence anew series oi this deservedly popular fam ily neAvspaper. The new series will embrace as an additional attraction, “the publication of a AA-ork that lias not yet appeared in this country : A tour in Ire land, by N. P. Willis. From time to time during the year, the same hand will give i sketches of distinguish ed living persons , varied with additions to those pen and ink descriptions, of the loveliest of the gentler sex, Avltieh, have been already given under the caption of the Belles of our Time.” If you Avish a titerary newspaper which you can take into your family Avith the assurance that it contains nothing that will harm, bnt much that will elevate and refine the feelings and tastes, subscribe forthe “Home Journal. ’ Published by Willis and Morris New York for $2 per. annum. De Bow's Commercial “Review.— The following is the table of contents of the J une number : Progress of Southern Industry, Population, Carlyle on TTcsf India Emancipation , California , the new American Eldorado. Department of Manufactures , Agricultural Department , Internal Improvements , Department of Commerce , Miscellaneous. With this number closes the present A'olume, and with the July number commences anew and enlarg ed edition, with additional attractions. Mr. Clay’s Compromise.— The country watches | with intense anxiety eA'ery thing which indicates the j probable fate.of this measure. The correspondent of the Baltimore Sun says: ’‘The compromise bill, or, to speak correctly, the bill of adjustment, will \ - et be discussed for at least a month in the Senate ; Messrs. Clay. Webster, Cass, King, and other great statesmen and patriots desiring to speak on it. It is not yet known wliat course Col. Benton Avill pursue in regard to it, and it is believed that in tlie end, after all tlie efforts to seperate the bills, or to lay them on the table, shall have failed, he av ill yet vote for it, and put himself right in Mis souri. Others, however, believe that if it comes to a pinch and the A-ote of the Senator from Missouri is required to defeat the bill, he will do it Avith a vieAV to further the President’s plan of admitting Califor nia by herself, and having the territories entirely de pend on circumstances ; be a general principle, hoAv ever, he is in favor of the administration, and par takes of its views. Next to Messrs. Clayton and Eav ing, Mr. Benton is the most popular man at the White House.” Funny. —The N. Y. Observer concludes a long leader on the subject of the “compromise ,” with the following remarkably astute lucubrations. The Ob server is one of the ablest religious newspapers in Am erica, and AA*hcn it confines itself to the legitimate field of its inquiry, is one of the Tnost valuable family com panions lurnished by the press; but when it trims its sails for an excursion upon the troubled waters of poli ties, it seriously endangers its own powers for useful ness, and exposes itself to tlie ridicule of its readers. The italics are our oaa ii, in tlie following paragraphs ; otherwise they are literal extracts from the editorial of the Observer: “And now, if our Southern brethren avIII give us their ear for one moment, avc will tell them Avhat we belh'e Avould be tlieir true policy. Through the treachery of our representatives you are our masters. If you arc Aviso you may maintain your rule for an in definite period. We feel that we are humbled. Do not provoke us too far. Put on at least the semblance iof magnanimity. You gained the grand point., the , lasting control of the country, in 1845. Yield noAv to us in these comparative trifles : L “Slavery can never go to NeAv Mexico and Utah. It is excluded by physical laAvs. Permit the North then to apply her Wilmot Proviso to these territories. It will cost you nothing; and will ob tain for you the credit of magnanimously yielding i A POINT. 2. “Permit the slave trade, and Slavery itself, to ! be abolished in the District of Columbia, on terms satisfactory to the Slaveholders there. It will cost j the nation but a trifle to do it; and you will never i get rid of the agitation of the Slavery question among good men at the North until it is done. 3. “Admit California at once into the Union. Fif ; teen new States must be added to the non-slavehold ing section of the Union, before it is represented in | the Senate in proportion to its free population. If you refuse, or hesitate to admit one until you can bal ! ance it by adding a slave State to your own section, you will arouse a spirit of indignation in the North which it will not he easy to allay.” —Mihetv-w-w-w! Interesting from Washington. We extract from the correspondence of the N. Y. Herald, tlie folloAving very interesting letter from Washington, written on the 27tli ult. When Mr. Clay, last Avcek, with a degree of energy, spirit, force and eloquence which in all his long ca reer has never been surpassed, demanded in his an- SAver to Mr. Soule, to know Avhat the South wanted and asked them to show tlieir hand, he did not prob ably suspect that they had any scheme to propose, but that their whole object was not to effect, but to defeat a settlement of tliis ugly controversy. Any doubt, however, which may have existed in the mind of Mr. Clay upon this head, must have been dissipated to the winds by the speech of Mr. Mason, of Virginia, in the Senate, to-day. There could be no thing more distinct, more definite, or more emphatic, than his views upon the Compromise bill.. A brief index of his objections-to the bill, and of his oavm plan of adjustment, will, for the present, ansiver all the purposes of his argument. lie objects to tlie bill of Mr; Clay. 1. Because it cedes 125,000 square miles of terri tory to Ncav Mexico, now belonging to Texas, and subject to slavery; and because under this cession to to Ncav Mexico, the South sacrifices this amount of territory to the Northern free sailers. 2. Because the boundaries of California absorb all our coast on the Pacific, and exclude not only the South, but the A T ast territories of the interior east of California, from communication Avith the Pacific. 3. Because for these concessions required of the South there is nothing given in return. The i>lan which Mr. Mason proposes in lieu of this bill, is simply— 1. To run the Missouri Compromise line from its present termination in Texas, clear through to the Pacific. 2. To arrange the Texas dispute and tlie boundaries for the territories accordingly-. 3. To provide a territorial government for tiiat por tion of the present unrecognised State of California south of the line of 36 30. 4. To make the admission of the State of Califor nia contingent upon her acceptance of the Missouri line as her Southern boundary. If she accepts it, then she is to be declared a sovereign State of this Union, by the President’s proclamation; but shall be limited to one representative in the House, till it shall be ascertained that she is entitled to more than one. Mr. Mason was convinced that this plan would be satisfactory to the South—that it Avould settle the question permanently. All that Avas required, was that the North should, in good faith, adhere to the compact of the Missouri compromise line. Mr. Clay, after a cross-examination of Mr. Mason, thought that if all the Southern Senators were agreea ble to the Missouri compromise, then he might agree to run it till it touched the State of California. Mr. Mason —No further? Mr. Clay.—Certainly not. Gen. Cass put in a question or tAvo as to what was to be gained by this Missouri compromise line; hut here Mr. Berrien was quite ready to answer that the South would gain tlie chances of getting a foothold in that part of California south of 36 30, from which they would be otherwise Avliolly excluded by the constitution of California, if her boundaries are to cover the whole Pacific coast, as she has defined them. But make the Missouri line her southern boundary, and the soil south of it a territory running four and a half degrees along the Pacific down to the Mexican line, and lea A-e it open for all the people of the United States and eve ry kind of property, and the South will be satisfied to risk the chances of another free State on the Pacific. Mr. Clay did not like the idea of splitting California in half; nor did Gen. Cass comprehend the advan tage of running the Missouri line through Utah : but still it Avas evident that Mr. Mason’s suggestions had I made their impression upon the Senate, and wc expect the views of Mr. UnderAvood to-morroAv to strengthen j it., because the Missouri line is an old proposition of his ! own. The Presidency is mixed up very thick in this eontro | versy. It is the bone of contention between Gen. Tay | l°r and Henry Clay; and betAveen the friends of Gen. Cass and Mr. Buchanan it is a leading difficulty. A portion of the Southern democrats are favorable to the nomination of Gen. Cass for ISs2—another portion desire the nomination of Mr. Buchanan, and they are those Avho are contending for the Missouri compromise line—Mr. Buchanan tills last winter having recom mended, Avliile here in Washington, the adoption of 1 that line as tlie basis of a settlement. While the whigs of the Senate, therefore, are divid ed between Clay, Taylor and freesoil, the democrats are divided betAveen Cass and Buchanan ; so that even j Avith the forces of Clay and Cass combined, the success e.f their compromise is mighty uncertain. Wc are privately admonished that some of the riends of Gen. Taylor in the Senate, are picking up a Uittle courage from the firm position of the old soldier, and that we may expect to hear from them before long notwithstanding the challenge of Henry Clay, daring them to the rescue of the President. If this be so. how the compromise of Mr. Clay is to succeed, passes our comprehension. His* only hope can be in Northern democratic votes, and how a sufficient num ber of these are to be secured, is not easily explained.— This discussion Avill. most likely, go on for a month yet and in that time, if we mistake not, the prospect is,- that Bell, Webster and Cooper will fall back upon the President's plan, as the last resort for California. And besides, in doing so, they will assuredly secure the good will of the President, Avliich is something not to be despised, when there are such good chances for a foreign mission or a cabinet appointment. The Southern radicals, we learn, will wait to hear from Nashville. They expect the convention to meet, and to adopt some platform upon which they can stand in the Senate. They can, if they Avish, lay the Com promise bill on the table to-morroAV, combined with the Northern opposition to it; but the South Avill hold on to it, and make something out of it, if possible—if not, we do believe Mr. Clay’s Compromise is a “gone coon,” and we believe, in any event, that the chances are dead against it, ev r eii in the Senate. Something may turn up. God only knoAvs. Men are but shut tlecocks, after all. Look at the ease of Downs. But from the present face of things, avc cannot divine lioav the Clay Compromise is to pass without material mod fieations, ’nor how it can be modified so as to pass. [YANKEE CORRESPONDENCE.] Boston, May 27, ISSO. Backward Summer in the North—Sandwich Is land Princes—Panorama of Boston — Grinnell's Expedition—The great Steamship—Touching Cuba—Havana Troupe—Professor Webster — Law of Spirit Licenses, Spe. Tlie vegetating progress of this year has been very backward in Massachusetts. Till within the last week, sharp frosts have frequently occurred throughout New England, in which, as yet, very little breadth of corn or potatoes has been planted. In many corn fields and potatoe fields the seed has rotted in the ground, in : consequence of the coldness and Avetncss of the weatli | or. The fruit trees have shivered in the eager, nipping ; blasts ; hut the grass Avears a saturated and satisfaeto !ry appearance. So nnieli for tlie georglcs of Y anWee land, generally. We have got a pair of princes here, in this aristocrat ic city of Boston. They are sons of the King of tlie Sandivich Islands. Prince Kamaliameha and his brother Liholiho, avlio went to Europe by Avay of Ncav York, with their friend Professor Judd, some months j ago. The Professor chaperoned them about London, ; and to the other famous places of the mother-island, ! and interpreted to tlieir semi-barbarian comprehen sions the signs and Avonders of science and civilization. Before they left England, they desired an interview with the Queen. But Victoria, poor woman, being in a delicate situation at the time, it Avas decided that, to let these salloAV blacknesses of Sandwich come near ; her, Avas not to be thought of, and so they Avere raceiv jed by Prince Albert instead. They Avere presented j by Lord Palmerston, and, after that, walked through ! the royal stables. . They attended divine service in a ; princely way, at the Royal Chapel of St. James. They | sojourn here at our chief hotel, the Revere House, and have been visiting CA-erything remarkable in the city and its vicinities. They Avere the guests of the Mayor and Aldermen one day, and on other occasions they visited the Navy Yard at CharlestoAvn, the Bun ker Hill Monument, and the rest of the notable places. They have been also at Lowell, and have accordingly brought aAvay a higher opinion of the factory girls than that of Mr. Clemens. The princes wear the Europe an dress, and, except their complexion, are not very remarkable. It is probable that, in the spirit of Peter of Russia, they desire to take back to tlieir OAvn coun try ideas of institutions, manufactures, and so forth, by which the Islands may be benefitted. But tlie great benefits of that insular kingdom-will rather come from commercial intercourse with-our people, ami that ulti mate annexation to tliis grand continental federation, wliicli is made inevitable by trie great tendencies of progress.. These Sandwich Islands will yet cut up handsomely into a couple of federal States of this Un ion, and Kamaliameha and Liholiho, Avill have the priv ilege of being the first governors of them, respectively. This is a prophecy, and it shall be for a prophecy. I enjoyed a grand panorama yesterday. It was nei ther Gliddon’s of the Nile, Burr’s of the St. Lawrence, nor Calyo’s of the Connecticut. It Avas Nature's scene from the cupola of the State House. This ele gant and spacious structure is built on the summit of the three-peaked hill, from wliicli Boston Avas, of old, called “Tre-mountain,” and the aforesaid cupola is perched on the summit of the dome. The a icav Avhich bursts upon your sight, as you look out from it, repays you for the “many a weary step and many a puff,” ‘with Avhich you have clomb so far. To the North and East you see the Bay with its blue Avaters, white sails and numerous treeless islands, and on towards the South lies South Boston, Dorchester and Roxbn rv. Bringing your gaze round to the North, you see West and East Cambridge, Charlestown, Chelsea, and East Boston, in succession. Everywhere within six or seven miles of the peninsula, you see the gi;ouml covered Avith houses or towns ; nothing rural appears except the tops of thin trees and the hazy heights in the extreme distance. And looking doAvn upon these populous toAvns clustering round their mother in the centre, it is not difficult to foresee the time when the entire Neck and tlie back estuary, South from West Cambridge Bridge, shall be filled in and covered with streets and houses up to Roxbury ; and this last, Avitli the localities before mentioned, be included within the vast municipality of Boston. The present population of the city proper is about 140,000. Under the fu ture circumstances we have been anticipating, in sev ; on years or so, it is thought the Boston population 1 would amount to 400,000. Pondering in this man ! ° ! nor, 1 seemed to see the great result all about me— “to see from a tower the end of all.” It is to be hop ed that, in the future extension of the city, a stringent regard will be paid to the want of verdure and open atmosphere, which is the opprobrium of a great ma ny old cities. In the hot aired summer Aveather, poor Boston is a deadly place. In none of its thorough fares Avill you find the blessed shadoAv of any green tree. But the Common is a great compensation. There you have fresh air, the dashing of the fountain in the Frog Pond, and the shade of trees. But this last is not sufficiently plentiful. The tress are all young, and we must Avait twenty years for anything ’ like the umbrageous forestry avc dream of, Avlien days are particularly under tlie influence of the canicular. The Common, Avith its trees opening into leaf, and its ; nicely sanded walks, has a wonderfully cheery and enlivening appearance just now, and looks like a pic ture, from tlie cupola window. Mr. Grinnell’s ships, the Advance and the Rescue, have, at last, left New York to go in search of Sir | Jolin Franklin. Captains de Haven and Griffin are in command of these vessels, which have been provis ioned and maimed by Congress. They have gone up into the terrible Polar solitudes Avith the good wishes and prayers of all our citizens. Several ships have left England this year on the same chivalrous quest — about a dozen of them, including the private expedi tion fitted out by poor Lady Franklin, and consisting of the Lady Franklin and the Sophia. In a few weeks, the old Arctic voyager, Sir John Ross, notv 70 years of age, will prooded, nt the head of another ex ; pedition, in search of his brother sailor. lie kno\A r s j . the Northern latitudes well, and he expresses liis be lief that Sir John Franklin is still alive and iee-bound j in some out-of-the-Avay nook of the terrible polar wil- ! demess. This is the age of steamships. Os all the monsters of the deep a great ship is the most interesting and sublime. Ido not exactly mean a battle ship, though such a craft cuts a magnificent figure, Avafting her thunderbolts ; but a vessel made to be a perfect and happy link betAveen the divided brotherhoods of our large family. There are noAv over 18 ocean steam ships contracted for, on the ways, or receiving their machinery at New York—the value of which is esti- j mated at near five millions of dollars. Cunard's j great mail-ships have been increased to nine; and the West India Mail Company are to increase their ships to the number of 25 in the course of this year. Col lins, of New York, is building a fleet of five mail steamers to run against the Cimarders, on the Atlan tic line. One of these—the Atlantic—was despatch ed to England, three weeks ago; and the Pacific, a wonderfully fine ship of 3,500 tons burden, has been tried with her machinery and is now on her way to Liverpool. The City of Glasgow, a screw-sliip, came the other day from the metropolis of St. Mungo to bring the canny bodies of the Clyde en rapport with the republican brotherhood of these parts; and I see that the ‘A ieeroy” belonging to the Dublin, Cork and Glassgow Steam Company, is about to bear from Gal way (in that green old island of saints and sinners,) to New York, and vice versa , the reciprocities of poor Patrick and his very good friend and brother Jona than. Then what a number of noble steamers will run between our sea-board cities and Chagres—Cali fornia-ward, and between Panama and San Francisco ! A steamer is talked of to ply regularly between the latter city and one of the ports of China. Steam is the revolutionary demi-ourgos of the nineteenth cen tury—it will change the face of the world more rap idly than military conquest ever did. ti e have just heard of the landing and success of Lopez, in Cuba. The Whigs are generally unfavora ble to the enterprise, and their editors denounce the invaders as buccaneers. But there is a strong feeling of democratic satisfaction in the minds of the mass, to find the vile tyranny of Spain terrified in its strong hold, and in danger of being crushed where it stands. We cannot all belie our democracy of soul so far as not to wish the Queen of the Antilles “Great, glorious, and free, First flower of the earth, and first gem of the sea,” (as Virgil used to say) instead of being the farm whence the debauched court of Isabella draws a large and ill spent revenue. It is a positive pleasure to us to hear that one more despotism is likely to loosen its grasp on the throat of humanity. Talk of the rights of thrones and dynasties, like these Whig Pecksniffs of Massa chusetts ? What of the rights of a whole people ? But let us have no more palaver! Advance, General Lopez, and exterminate the garrison of the tyrants, and let O’Hara’s Kentucky riflemen sweep the des perate track of Cuban independence ! In spite of all royalist and anti-republican babble, Spain must sur render Cuba. The Island is the key of the Gulf of Mexico, and belongs to these States by the geographi cal fiat of nature, as well as the irrepressible tenden cies of human liberty. Webster denounces the invasion, in his place in Congress, but the democratic feeling of the country will also make itself heard in this matter. However it may be, I hope the Creoles and people of Cuba will take the business mainly into their own hands. If they do, our scrupulous diplomatists will talk their pro tests to the empty air. American interference will be worthless to the rotten cause of Spain, and, in a short time, Cuba will electrify their timid sense of hearing by kicking loudly at the door of this federation for ad mission, which she shall certainly receive, with the fraternal accolade of the thirty-three or thirty-four States—her elder sisters.’ May all this yet be, as it is here written down! The Havana Troupe are still singing away merito riously at the Howard Athcneuin. To give them greater eclat, (good original phrase, that'.) there is every day a regular auction of the opera tickets for each performance, and things are carried on with a pleasant success in this way. Two or three of our first rate hotels bid for a certain amount of tickets res pectively 5 and as the number of tickets purchased is a sort of tacit test of the respectability of the houses, there is some rivalry in the matter, which is very pro fitable to the troupe. By the by, Signor Benedetti was married to*Signo ra Truffi, on Saturday, 25th, at the Catholic Cathe dral here. Bishop Fitzpatrick performed the cere mony, which-was witnessed by a good many curious | people. The beatified pair have taken a cottage at | Lynn for the summer, where, what with connubial | tenderness, boating and fishing, they will be as happy jas the days arc hot. On Friday night, during the opera of Lucia di Lammcrmoor, Steffanoni, instead of | coming out in the scene where Lncia is insane and | acts and says accordingly, sent out an apology ! This j was very provoking and very odd. She did the same on the same occasion, in New York. She does not I like to play mad characters apparently. However, the Bostonians treated her to a pretty smart shower of hisses, which she received without acknowledgement. ! Professor Webster is spending his time in a calm and even cheerful manner in his cell. A gentleman of my acquaintance, who visited him there, says that considering the fate impending over his head, he found him amazingly pleasant and self-possessed. lie seems ; to entertain the strongest hopes of a pardon from our j governor. His family share liis expectations; but they arc utterly groundless, anil, I believe, doomed to be sternly disappointed. How naturally the human mind appears to put aside and ignore that dreadful ; leap in the dark ‘. Pearson, who killed bis wife and children at Lowell, and in whose case great eftbrts wore made to obtain - a commutation of punishment, | exhibits the same apparent incredulity of his sentence. ! W hen informed that the appeal to the governor anti | council on his behalf, was fruitless, and that he must die, he would not believe it, but said, “it is all a joke !” The State of Massachusetts has altered the law i which prohibited the sale of intoxicating liquors. | They may now be sold by those - who-shall obtain li censes for their sale. It is hoped that by this means, the resort of the people to the infamous, lbw grogge ries, where alone portable and potable quantities of the heady drinks could be procured, will be diminslied. The propensity to imbibe is not yet chastened in socie j ty, and as the reckless folks will drink, it is better they should purchase in respectable stores than guzzle in dark and degraded cellars. It is difficult to legislate for the bibulous propensities of our nature. Schools will do more than sumptuary laws in this matter. The Democrats have surrendered the Fourth Dis trict—at the convention of Charlestown, they resolved not to nominate any candidate. YANKEE DOODLE. Death of the Hon. Franklin 11. Elmore. Intelligence reached us yesterday morning that the Hon. F. 11. Elmore, expiried at his lodg ings in Washington on Wednesday evening.— \Ve believe his death was caused by the sudden ! and violent return of that anguish of the brain, which, with different degrees of intensity, has been the most wasting element of his long de cline. This news has caused a most painful shock to the whole community, and will be deep ly felt throughout the State. The circumstan ces are indeed singularly affecting. The feeble ness of his health had lor some time secluded Col. Elmore from public occasions and resorts, when he was drawn from his sick room to act as the exponent of the general sorrow on the recep : tton of the news of Mr. Calhoun’s death, The whole assembly was struck equally with the fee bleness and waste of his body and with the pa tient dignity of his bearing. His fame was bow ed, his voice was broken, and the shadow of death rested on his lace; but never did he look more worthy of respect, and never did his fellow citizens more fully appreciate the, elevation of his character, the gentleness and truthfulness of his heart, ank the commanding qualities of his mind. This was his last public appearence in Charleston, and few of its citizens saw him after wards. The scene appears as of yesterday; the j earth is still fresh on the grave of Calhoun, and we are called upon to place beside him his eulo gist, his friend, his successor. We cannot attempt to do justice to Col. El more’s character as a public man. There was in his mind a complexity, a mingling ofhroad and strongly marked qualities’ with subtle and elusive intricacies of thought and impulse, that could only be fairly estimated and explained by an elaborate analysis such as we could not at tempt, and which would be out of place here.— By the consent of all he has long haen held among the most eminent citizens of the State, enjoying in a remarkable degree her confidence, acknowl edged to be equal to any duty, with every office in her gift open to his ambition, and the very highest ol* them more than once inviting his ac ceptance. In regard to public distinction, he has had much more of it within his reach than he has consented to lay his hand on. Years ago he might have been in the Senate without an effort of his own. When Mr. Polk entered upon his Presidential derm he offered to Col. Elmore the Mission to England, and urged it upon him in language of warm personal regard, such as is not often employed on like occasions. Either of these positions would have given him a great and wide spread reputation, because the quali ties of his mind and character were peculiarly fitted for their duties. His frank and unpretend ing addeess gave him access to the hearts of men, while the friendly.warmth and the dignity of his nature secured the confidence won by his affability. No man had greater power over oth esr in quiet deliberations, while on great occa sions he showed a comprehensiveness of view, a clearness ol detail and a faculty ot giving the impressiveness of accumulated weight to pro gressive reasoning, that gave him extraordinary power as a debater. Earnest and patient in in vestigating all the subjects on which he was called to act, he came to the discussion of them with the amplest materials for their illustration, and used his knowledge and his powers of argu ment for the sole purpose of convincing and per suading, with an utter absence of all impulse to display. To such a mind, the Senate, or the highest walks of diplomacy, would have been the natural field, and in either position lie could not have failed to win distinguished honor, and wield a mighty influence. We are strongly tempted to speak of Col, Elmore in his personal relations and private character, but this can only be permitted with much reserve. Those who love him most deep ly? and looked up to him as the representative and guardian of the dearest relations of life, can not share their grief with that of the public for the loss of an eminent citizen. Even his per sonal friends may not speak of him here, as th’ey think of him in their inmost hearts. The large number of those who sympathized in all his for tunes, and considered his friendship among their richest treasures, will bear witness to the gen tleness, the communicative warmth and faith fulness of his heart. We do not believe there ever died a South Carolinian, who left behind him the memory of more acts of personal kind ness than Franklin H. Elmore, or whose death was deplored by a greater number of persons as at once the loss of a cherished friend, and of an eminently patriotic end useful public man. [Chas. Mercury. Correspondence of the Savanali Republican. The Cuban .Expedition. A complete and in teresting history. Key West, May 22, ISSO. Messrs. Editors: Our city was thrown into consternation yesterday morning by the arrival of the American steamer Creole, chased by the Spanish war steamer Pizarro, which disclosed the fact that an attack had been made on thels land of Cuba, by an expedition from New Or leans. The facts, as I have gathered them, are these: The Creole left New Orleans on the 7th inst., for the ostensible purpose of taking pas sengers of Chagres, on their way to California. Instead of gold diggers, they were bound to Cu ba, under the command of Gen. Lopez, on pro ject of revolutionizing that island. The plan was to land at Cardenas, surprise that place, seize the cars, and proceed immediately to Ma tanzas and surprise it, then go up the river to the mountains and forty themselves. There the name of Gen. Lopez would bring the soldiers and citizens to his standard. Having effected this, there would have been shortly a sufficient force to inspire confidence in the people, and to meet the army of the Government. It was believed that the great majority of the people were in fa vor of revolution, and would with the regular lar soldiers, declare in their favor as they ad vanced. ‘The Creole proceeded to the Island of Mugeresj. off Cape Catoche, on the coast of Yu catan. At this place they joined a part of the expedition, which had arrived sometime previ ous on the brig Susan Loud and the bark Geor giana. The whole force was then six hundred and -fifty men, and was composed of three regiments —the Mississippi, Louisiana, and Kentucky.— Information was sent from hereto Havana by a smack, to delude the Government as to the point of attack. After two day’s stay at the is land, the whole expedition embarked on the Creole for Cardenas, having sent the brig and bark back to New Orleans. ‘They reached Car denas on the 19tli inst., at 2 o’clock, A. M.— Here, on account of low tide and other obstruc tion, they were delayed two hours before land ing could be effected. This delay, with the noise I of landing, had given the alarm, and a dispatch ! was immediately started by the Governor of ! Cardenas for Matanzas. As soon as they larnl | ed an attack was made on the garrison, the A j mericans shouting as they advanced, “Libertad de Cubay independencia.” At daylight, after 1 three hour’s hard fighting, the city was captured, with the loss of seven Americans and fifteen wounded. ‘The loss of the Spaniards is not known, but is supposed to have been from fifty to one hundred, The Governor and Lieut Governor of ’Cardenas were taken prisoners.— The Governor’s palace was burnt. This was j necessary to make them surrender. The firing ! was constant and hot from the garrison and tops ; ofthe houses until the city was taken. ‘The ! Spanish soldiers fought well and bravely, but the i Americans, with the same dauntless and vehe ; ment courage that swept Mexico, carried every 1 thing before them, and, in a few hours after land ing, this city, of seven thousand inhaditants, was l in the possession of six hundred men ! In their progress-through the* town the Inva ders met with, a Hot reception from all quarters, j being fired upon from- walls, housetops, win dows, &c. A body of Spanish troops, moving towards the Governor’s house, being hailed, re turned an answer by firing. The Governor’s house was early attacked, but not until after Gen. Lopez had sent three or lour summonses to surrender. The house was then set fire to, when the Governor, some officers and forty sol diers retreated to the next house, which was fir ed in its turn. They then made their way to ; the third house, on which was several ladies and others collected. The roof of this house, which was a low one, gave way and fell in, but no one, was seriously hurt. In this condition the inmates, with the fire at their heels, and the soldiers in danger of being blown up by their own catridges, had no choice but to surrender. A white flag was, therefore, soon hung out at the window, on the point of a bayonet In the abscence ofany thing else to serve the purpose of a flag, one of the young ladies present gallantly offered an ar ticle of her under garments, which was used for the purpose. ‘The place being taken, Gen. Lopez, who thus far had been unable to get speech of the inhab itants, which he was then anxious to do, in order to save blood-shed, explained that the Expedi tion came to the island to offer liberty to the in haditants. not with the purpose of plunder. He issued at the same time strict orders that no property should betaken without being paid for, and gave other necessary orders. The effect of these measures was, that the Spanish sol diers put on red shirts and cockades likeinvad- j ers, had distributed themselves through the I town, with at least the ostensible object of con ciliating the people in favor of their new visitors. It does not appear, however, that much impres sion was made in this way, and it is certain that the Spanish officers all remained faithful to their flag, exhibiting throughout, a courage worthy of the days of old Castile. On reaching the railroad depot the rails were found to have been taken up, as to render it im possible to reach Matanzas, hy that means. Be fore they could reach there by foot, the whole force ofthe Government would have been ready to receive them. This part of the project hav ing failed, it was concluded to remain at Carden as, and await a demonstration in their favor. — The citizens in the morning appeared friendly, and disposed to join the invaders, invited them to their houses, and treated them hospitably, but none took up arms, and n'one came in from the country. In the evening, about sundown, one hundred and twenty lancers marched into the city. A part took a position in one street to cut off’ a re treat. The others, fifty in number, charged the Americans, and were all with but one expedi tion, shot down. The lancer that escaped, J showed reckless valor—twice, single handed and alone, he charged; at the second his herrse was killed, his arm was broken, and he taken prisoner and brought here. Ir, this attack, no assistance was rendered by the citizens. On the contrary, the captain of the lancers was found to be the very man who had feasted the officers sumptuously at dinner, and nrade them Believe he was with them. One of tire aids of Gen. Lopez, Gen. Gonzales, lies here badly, but supposed not dangerously, wounded. Col. O’Hara, of Kentucky, is also wounded, but not dangerously. Capt. Logan, of Kentucky, died of his wounds, and his body was thrown overboard the day after they left Cardenas. Among those killed was an Episco pal parson from the West, whose name I have not learned. The Americans, receiving no assistance from the people, and aware that a force often thou sand men stationed near Cardenas, were on the march to attack them, took their boat at night and put to sea for Key West The next morn ing the steamer Pizarro was discovered astern in chase. They kept ahead all that day, and changed their course to northeast, and made the reef at Key Vacas. There a pilot took them in side the reel and ran down. The Pizarro was off the ship channel yesterday nothing, having arrived in the night. She demanded” a pilot of Lieut. Rogers, who lay out there in the Petrel, the U. S. schooner engaged in the coast survey. The purpose of which they wanted a pilot was, they avowed, to chase the Creole. Mr. Rogers replied that they could have a pilot to come into Key West, but not to pursue the Creole. The commander of the Prizarro threatened to inform the government of his refusal to furnish a pilot, on which Mr. Rogers sent him his card, so that there might be no doubt who he was. After a short time, a pilot boarded the Pizarro from a* piloting schooner, and brought her through the 1 ship channel. In the meantime, the Creole was running down inside the reef with all the steam she could raise. !She rounded the light-house point a half an hour before the Pizarro. What might have been the consequence had she got ten a pilot from Mr. Rogers, or whether it was her intention after having crossed the bar and gotten into our waters to have attacked the Cre ole, and cut her oft from this place, we can’t tel!; but such, it is supposed, must have been her de sign. iroin the tact ot her wanting a pilot to chase, and from the knowledge which her officers must have had that it was impossible for a vessel of so great draugh to go inside the reef. The only use for a pilot was to come inside and await the approach of the Creole. The Creole atter being detained twenty min utes by the health officer, was allowed to come to the wharf; while dropping down, Pizarro passed on above and came to anchor. The pilot was ordered to put her between the Creole and. the shore He replied, he would he d—d if he would. As soon as the Creole touched the wharf, a rush was made by the men with their bundles and side arm for the shore, and soon the boat was entirely abandoned. They seemed glad enough to have gotton once more upon Ameri can soil. Fortunately for them, the United States barracks, about one mile from the city, were va cant and afforded a shelter. The Pizarro lays here still, having kept up steam all yesterday and last night, as if apprehensive she was in a dangerous neighborhood, and it might be neces sary to take very suddenly to her heels. She has, we understand, about one hundred men on board and one of the Spanish officers who caped from Cardenas. It was the design of the Americans, had they found it impossible to escape, to have boarded the Pizarro it they could. Could they have done this, they would have taken her in ten min utes. Twenty-six men and four officers of the gar rison, at Cardenas, joined the Americans during tlie fight, and have came over with them. They | seem much attached to Gen. Lopez. Seven ne ■ groes also came over. When the men returned to the boat, at Cardenas, they found about twen ty negroes, who prayed to be taken with them. | All were sent ashore, however, except these 1 seven, who hid themselves, and were not dis covered till the boat got to sea. They were” brought before Judge Marvin, the District Judge; i this morning, upon a writ ot habeas , corpus, who ordered them to be delivered to the Spanish Consul. lie will send them on board the Pizar | ro, to be delivered to their owners. The Creofo : has been seized by the collector for various breeches of the revenue laws; and will, doubt less, he forfeited. No remonstrance was made by the adventures, when she was seized, They looked for it as a matter of course. They hail been entirely peaceful, and seem disposed to abide by the law. Many of them are gentlemen of education, and of the most respectable fam- I ilies ill the West. What will be their destina ’ tion, is unknown. Some I understand, leave to-day for New Orleans, and some three hun dred on the Isabel. Gen. Lopez and his aid, J. Sanchez Yznega, are among the latter. After the boat had gotten out to sea from Car denas a vote was taken to determine their A majority voted for coming to Key West. Gen. Lopez then asked to be set ashore"at La Vuelta de Abajo, where troops were stationed with the Spanish soldiers who had joined them, and who were anxious to have followed him,. A number of the Americans were also willing to [ follow him. The supply of fuel was so small, j that it was thought there would not be sufficient to take them back to the shore and reach this place, and they determined not to return. Lo pez seems still sanguine. He says that his name will yet call to his standard. The Americans speak in the highest terms of his courage. He . was to be found throughout the fight where the : bullets flew thickest. They think though that ! he was deceived as to the extent of his popular ly in Cuba, and this was the cause of his failure of the expedition. As to the fact, in this respect it is difficult to say. Lopez lias long had the reputation of being the most popular man in Cu ba, but His popelarity is chiefly in. the southern part, where his estate lay, and where he lived when a Spanish general.. Had the project of seizing Matanzas and for tifying hiniseli in the mountains succeeded, Cu ba may have been at this moment revolutioniz ed. As in many other great attempts, howev er, the occurrences of an hour may have thwart . ed and defeated a well formed plan. Since writing the above, we hear through the i Spanish Consul at this port, that the Pizarro, on j Saturday last, captured the brig Susan Loud, ‘ and the bark Georgiana, the vessels before men j tioned as having carried part of the expedition to Mugeres. They were on their way from that | island’ te New Orleans. They had ori board, , besides their crew, some fifteen or twenty men, some sick and others who backed out and con cluded to return. The Pizarro took them into Ila ; vana and immediately sailed after the Creole.— There were taken on these vessels a great num ber of letters, which were brought here. A smack arrived here an hour ago from Ila- I vana, and communicated with Pizarro. She H just going out with the smack in tow. Haste for the mail prevents me from giv ing you further details. I should have stated that some ofthe woun ded Americans were left at Cardenas from? necessity. The Governor and Lieutenant 1 Governor of Cordenas were released on giv ing their word of honor that these men should’ be well treated—a promise they remembered probably only while the Creole was in sight- The city is lull of rumors of other expeditions having been fitted out from Mississippi and Pennsylvania. ‘Phis is gathered from the ad venturers. CARYSFORT. Congress. Washington, May 27, 1850. SENATE. Petitions were presented and private bills ro ported. The bill to divide the judicial district of the United States for the State of Arkansas passed- Mr. Butler, from the committee the judiciary, re ported a bill to regulate the forms of the U. S. District Court of the State of Ohio. The Senate took up the bill to establish a branch mint of the U. S. at New York. Mr. Jefferson Davis offered an amendment, establishing two assay offices in California; and to have a treasurer, assayer, &c. The treasur er to have the keeping of the public money, and a salary 0f,55, 000, and the assayer a salary oT .$50,000 for the purpose of buildings, &c.