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SOUTHERN SENTINEL. COLUMBUS, GEORGIA: THURSDAY MORNING, JTJLY 4, 1850. order to give all hands an opportunity to participate in the celebration of the 4th, we issue this week’s edition, one day earlier than usual. Latest from Europe. The Steamer Pacific reached Halifax on tbe morning of the 29th. bringing Liverpool dates to the 19th ult., being four days later than those brought by the Niagara. The cotton market was firm at the Niagara’s quotations, and the sales for the three days immediately proceeding the sail ing ot the Steamer amounted to 15,000 bales. Parties. What has the South to hope from the present or ganization of parties ? If we are to labor alone for par ty triumph, or if the spoils of victory are to constitute the sole element of onr devotion to party, then we need only look to head quarters for directions, as to the course we are to pursue • but if our attachment to party is upon principle, and if we are to strive for party ascendency, merely as a means of serving the country, then it is well to analyze its principles and inquire how far those principles are calculated to pro mote the public good. How will the present party organizations of the country’ stand the test of this an alysis. W r e mean to make no disparaging contrasts between the Whig and Democratic parties; so far as any practical good to the south is concerned, they are alike objectionable, or if there is a difference it is one of degree, not of principle. What affinity of principle exists between Southern Democracy and Northern Democracy, or between Southern Whiggery and Northern Whiggery ? The old issues upon which parties have been heretofore divided, are confessedly obsolete, or at least they have been so overshadowed by the magnitude of other questions, that they forma very inconsiderable element of party organization.— There is but one question before the country; that in volving the relations existing between the Northern and Southern sections of this confederacy. Upon that question, the North as one man, stands upon one side, and the South, upon the other side of the dividing line. With what shadow of reason, then can it be said that there is any identity of principle between the different branches of either the Whig or Demo crat party.- The farewell admonition of the Father of his Country, in waming ( his fellew citizens of the dan ger of sectional parties, is as wise to day as when it first fell from his pen, and the South has been the last to forget it; but the fact, that a sectional party at the North does exist, can not be deni and, nor <an we make it less a fact by decrying the evil or closing our eyes to its existence. The entire North, Whig and Dem ocrat is anti-slavery. War upon the institutions of the South, is the great paramount principle in North ern politics ; it is the leaven which leavens the whole lump; it is the test of orthodoxy with all parties.— How then can Northern and Southern men stand to gether at the ballot box ? They can not, without con cession from one side or the other, and we have only to recur to the past history of parties to satisfy us on which side this concession is to be made. We'have suffered much from the partial legislation of the gen eral government, but we have suffered four fold more in the caucuses and conventions of parties. In our anxiety to erect a platform upon which all might stand, wc have seriously compromised the rights of that section whose influence was least to be courted at the ballot box. While then we should ceaselessly watch the movements of our Representatives upon the floors of Congress, we should with equal care, guard our in terests from those more silent but more dangerous incursions, which are planned behind the curtain of party conventions. Let us stand aloof from all such conferences. The South can never be safe, so long as she meets in party conventions with the North ; not that our wire workers are less shrewd or less sel fish than those of the North, but submission to North ern dictation is held up as an indispensable prerequisite to national preferment, and while these conventions are enabled to sanction their authority, with the disposal of those tempting baits in the shape of national honors, we will always find unprincipled men enough, who are willing to barter away honor, and rights and every thing else for the sake of place. In truth, the inevitable tendency of these national conventions is, to place preeminently in the advance, the claims of those who have most signal ized themselves in treachery’ to their own section, and to keep those in the back ground, who have stood up with disinterested zeal, in behalf of their own por tion of the Union. It is this very defection to the interests of the South, that introduces the traitors to her cause, to the support of northern men. It has come to tins, that he can. have no national reputation who has any love for his own section, and he is an un safo repository of power, who has the audacity to think that the South has any rights except those which the grasping avarice of the North, graeiously ncknowledges. How are we to pat a stop to these things ? The answer is plain, Let us meet in no more party conventions with the North ; let os have no more Baltimore or Philadelphia conventions; lot the North meet for presidential nominations if she chooses, but let no Southern man go there to be sac rificed, and no Southern traitor’s name be introduced there, as a reward for his treachery. We will then hold the balance of power, and that power will not fail to be eourted. If we accomplish no other good, we will cheek that insatiate thirst for national repu tation which has tempted so many of our Southern men, to forgetfulness of those paramount obligations which they owe to their own section. American Art-l nion. We have received from the publishers, Nos. 1 and 2, of the Bulletin of the American Art-Union, the monthly publication of the society of that name in New York. We extract from the work before us, the following synopsis of the object and plan of oper ations of the Association: The American Art-Union, in the City of New York, was incorporated by the Legislature of the State of New York, for the promotion of the Fine Arts is the United States. It is managed by’ gentlemen who are chosen annually by the members, and receive no compensation. To accomplish a tru ly national object, uniting great public good with private gratification at small individual expense, in a manner best suited to the situation and institutions of our country, and the wants, habits and tastes of our people, the Committee have adopted the following PLAN : Every subscriber of five dollars is a member for the year, and is entitled to all its privileges. The money thus obtained, (after paying nccessary expenses,) is supplied, First. — To the production of a large and cosily Original Engraving from an American painting, to gether with a set of outlines , or some other similar Work of Art. Os these, every momber receives a copy for every five dollars paid by him. Members who subscribe for more than one share, are entitled for every five dollars paid, to a set of En gravings and Outlines issued in any one year, and are at liberty to select from the Engravings and Outlines of previous years, except the u Artist's Dream,'’ from which no more good impressions can be taken. The plates and copyright of all Engravings and other publications belong to the Institution, and are used solely for its benefit. Every member also reoeives an Annual Report of the “Transactions,” &e., of the institution. Second.— Each member will also be entitled, from the date of his subscription, to the numbers of the “Bulletin of the American Art%Union,” issued therefrom during the year. This is a monthly publication, containing 16 pages, es. three columns each, of interesting reading matter, on flubjects relating to Art, in this oountry and in Europe. Each number will be illustrated with an Engraving of Etching. Third.— To the purchase of Paintings and Sculp tures. Statuettes in bronze , and Medals, by native or resident artists. These last mentioned Works of Art are exhibited at the Gallery of the Art-Union till the annual meet ing in December, when they are publicly distributed by lot among the menbers, each member having one share for every five dollars paid by him. Each member is thus certain of receiving in return at least the value of the five dollars paid, and may, also, receive a painting or other Work of Art of great value. Fourth. —The Office and Rooms of the Institution, with its Free Picture Galleries, are located at 497 Broadway, in the city of New York. These Galler ies are always open, and adorned witli fine Paintings and other Works of Art, where the members in New York receive their Engravings, Paintings, &c. and where the business of the Institution is transacted. Dr. Jacob Fogle, is the Honorary Secretary for this city, and will receive and forward the subscrip tions of those who desire to become members. The Cuban Expedition. The Grand Jury in the United States District Court at New Orleans have returned true bills of indictment for violation of the act of Congress of 1818, by setting on foot an expedition against the island of Cuba, against John A. Quitman, (Governor of Mis sissippi,) Judge Cotesworth Pinckney Smith, (of the Supreme Court of Mississippi,) John Henderson, (late Senator from that State,) J. L. O’Sullivan, (late edi tor of the Democratic Review, and son of a former Minister to Spain,) John F. Pickett, (late Consul at Turks’ Island,) Theodore O’Hara, (late Major in the United States Army,) C. R. Wheat?, Peter Smith, A. Gonzales, Thomas Theodore Hawkins, W\ 11. Bell, N. J. Bunch, L. J. Sigur, (State Senator,) Donatien Augustin, Brigadier General, and comman der of the Legion, and General Narciso Lopez, ma king in all, sixteen persons. W rits were issued for the arrest of the parties, most of whom were absent from the city. It was thought that efforts would be made to bring on the trial before the adjournment of the Court, and that one of the Judges of the Supreme Court would be sent on to New Orleans to assist the District Judge iu the trial. To the Point. —We find the following u card ” in the Columbus Times. The writer is known through out the State as one of the boldest, most intelligent and purest men in it, and the course which he has pursued will be ascribed alone, by those who know him, to an honest purpose to do that which lie be lieves to he his duty. For our neighbors of the En quirer, as gentlemen, we entertain nothing but good will, but we regard the stand which that Journal has taken on the questions of the day, wielding as it does, an immense influence upon public opinion in Wes tern Georgia, as dangerous in the extreme, and we can but rejoice that it is beginning to excite the dis trust and opposition of its readers. A Card. Columbus, June 26tli, 1850. Editor of the Columbus Times : Dear Sir—l ask of you the favor to give a plaee, in your columns, to the accompanying communication addressed to the Editors of the Columbus Enquirer, which they have declined publishing. The conclu ding paragraph of my letter explains my motive for desiring its publication. Yours, respectfully, 11. S. SMITH. Columbus, June 20th, 1850. Editors of the Columbus Enquirer : Gentlemen—l have been a subscriber to the “Co lumbus Enquirer” since the publication of the first number, to the present time, and have generally ap proved the tone of its political articles. I have considered myself identified with the party, whose doctrines it has advocated up to the period, when, in my opinion, a portion of the leading men and presses of that party (among the latter is the Enqui rer,) took grounds antagonistic to what I conceived to be, a due regard for the just rights of the Southern States, guarantied them by the constitution. I now profess to belong to no party but the party that demands and contends for justice and equality to the South. I have noticed for some time past your editorials upon the questions at issue between the North and the South with regret, because, I con ceived them to be doing more barm to the cause of the latter, than could be accomplished by hosts of such men as Seward, Giddings, & Cos. Their opin ions have no weight with our own people. Under these convictions, a due regard for my own feelings, which of late, have been frequently outraged by your strictures upon the honest efforts of those who were fearlessly and firmly contending for the just rights of the South only, demands that I should request you to discontinue my paper from this date, and to give place in your columns to this communication, that my friends may understand iny position, and to relieve myself from the charge of having “changed my poli tics and joined the Democracy.” I ant,’Gentlemen, Respectfully, ’ll. S. SMITH. Public Opinion—Hon. 11. S. Foote. —We have just received the proceedings of a large and respecta ble meeting held at Canton, on the 15th inst.; Col. D. M. Fulton chairman, and James R. Chambers secretary. Resolutions, offered by Geo. Calhoon, Esq., and unanimously adopted, declare the compro mise of Mr. Clay “unconstitutional and derogatory to the rights and honor of the south that “an over whelming majority of the people of Mississippi are op posed to it;” and that if Senator Foote will not yield to them, he ought not to retain a position in which he misrepresents his constituents. Surprise is also manifested at the great exertion he has made to pub lish the opinions of politicians of other States, while ho exhibits the greatest paucity in ascertaining the will of his own people. Similar meetings wonld have been held iu various sections of our State, but for our direct appeal to defer all expression of opinion until the people sbould act in reference to the platform of the Nashville convention. We have desired to give Mr. Foote every opportunity to unite with our people, deeply appreciating his former eminent services as a democratic Senator, and cherishing for him also the highest personal feelings of regard. The time, how ever, has now arrived when we must consider his policy as fixed: and If he shall take issuo with the Nashville convention, the people will no longer hesi tate as to the course they will pursue towards him. [Mississippian. SrANisii Insolence.— The Savannah “Republican,” of the 27th ult., says: “The schooner Gen. Taylor , Capt. Wright, from Chagres, bound to Turks Islands, 30 days out, put into this port yesterday for water and ballast. The Captain states that when off Cape Antoine, he was boarded by a Spanish man-of-war (name not given) whose commander sent aboard two officers and eight men who searched the vessel thoroughly, and insolently demanded his crew list and other papers, not being sat isfied with the report which the Captain gave. The schooner was in company with brig Nevius, of Beverly, Mass, bound from Mansanello, (Cuba,) to Boston. This brig was also searched.” We hope Gen. Taylor will be as prompt in repelling an insult to our flag, as he was to defend that of Spain. A proper regard for the faith of treaties is undoubtedly our true policy, and] we will be the last to cen sure the Executive for the use of all the pow er which the Constitution places at his command for this purpose, but when the desire to “be at peace with all the nations of the world, and to maintain our cher ished relations of amity, with the rest of mankind,” is enforced at the expense of our national honor, it be comes a sin, far outweighing a disregard of our treaty stipulations. We do not say that such will be Gen. Tay lor’s policy; it would certainly be very’ unlike the Hero of Buena Vista, but W’e shall see whether his demand for re dress of this outrage upon our national name, will be pros ecuted with the promptness and determination which marked his defence of imperial Spain, and his prose cution of those who participated in the expedition against the Island of Cuba. Spain should be made to feel that she cannot thus with impunity insult an Amer ican vessel upon the high seas. Foi this, among other causes, we went to war with England in 1313, and we then gave the haughty mistress of the seas, a lesson in international law which has not since been forgotten, and we may have to impress some of the same ideas upon other European powers; not however by war, but by a rigid and inflexible determination to have all our rights respected. Texas and the General Government. Recent intelligence from the West is developing a state of affairs that not only strongly implicates the honor of the administration, but seriously threatens to disturb the peace of the country. Mr. Neighbours, the commissioner of the State of Texas, had proceed ed to Santa Fe under instructions from that State, with the view to organise that country as a part of Texas, when he was interrupted by Col. Monroe, the Military Governor of New Mexico, with the follow ing proclamation, calling on the people to meet in con vention, for the purpose of forming a State constitu tion. Os course, Col. Monroe acted by virtue of au thority conferred by the Executive of the United States. The following is the Proclamation : “Whereas, the people of New Mexico, by pub lic meetings held in the several counties of this territory, have expressed a desire to hold a con vention for the formation of a State constitution’ and to urge upon Congress the admission of this territory into the Union as a State ; therefore I, John Monroe, civil and military governor of said Territory of New Mexico y do hereby direct that the qualified electors of said territory shall assemble at the precincts of the respective coun ties on Monday, the 16th day of May next, be tween the rising and the setting of the sun, to vote by ballot for delegates to a convention to be held at Santa Fe on Monday, the 15th of May next, as follows: Counties. Delegates. Taos 3 Rio Verbra ----3 Santa Fe 3 San Miguel ----3 Santa Anna 2 Bernilillo 2 Valencia 5 “The prefects shall designate convenient pre cincts in their respective counties, and shall ap point three discreet persons as judges of election in the several precincts. Otherwise said elec tion shall be conducted in manner and form as prescribed in the laws of the territory, under the title of “election,” except the prefect’s clerk of each county shall, with the assistance of the pre fect, examine and cast up the votes given to each candidate ; shall give a certificate of elec tion to the person having the largest number of votes, and shall transmit to the Secretary of the Territory a fair abstract of all the votes given, within four days from the day of the election. “Given under my hand at the government house, in the city of Santa Fe, this 23d day of April, A. D., 1850. JOHN MONROE, “Military and Civil Gov., New Mexico.” In accordance with the foregoing proclamation, we perceive from the following letter in the Baltimore Sun, that the people had actually met in convention, and formed a State constitution prohibiting slavery : Santa Fe. May 25,1850. A Convention of Delegates has been'called and held, which formed and promulgated a Consti tution for the government of the State of New Mexico—The convention assembled at Santa Fe on the 15th of May, and the session lasted eight or nine days, in which time the Convention was framed, which would go into operation about July. The boundaries of the State were defined, and slavery prohibited. The constitution was adopted on the 25th of May ; in fifteen days afterwards an election was to take place for members of Legislature. Two Senators and Representatives in Congress would also soon be elected and efforts would be made to take their seats during the present ses sion. Mr. St. Vrain, Judge Otero, and Henry Con nelly, are among the most prominent candidates for Governor, and Captain A. W. Reynolds and Major R. H. Witman. for Senators. It is sup posed that Hugh N. Smith, the present delegate in Congress, would be elected to the House of Representatives. So much for the facts in the case, and in view’ of them, w’e submit that Gen. Taylor is either innocent of any participation in the transaction, and if so, a miserably ignorant, impotent, and inefficient chief magistrate, or, that all w’bich Col. Monroe has done, has been done under instructions from Washington, and if so, that the President has been guilty of a most base and unwarrantable outrage upon a sovereign State of this Union. It may be that Santa Fe was not rightfully embraced within the jurisdiction of Texas, but this Government is estopped from denying that jurisdiction. Texas claimed that her boundary extended to the Rio Grande, and that Santa Fe w'as embraced within her limits. In the annexation of that State, we annexed her with all the Territory she claimed, subject only to future negotiation with Mexico. To enforce those very claims, we went to w'ar with Mexico, and finally conquered her. In the treaty of peace, concluded between the two countries, Mexico ceded to the United States all that Texas ever laid claim to-, and is it for the United States now to take the place of Mexico in the controversy about boundary, and appropriate to herself all that was de nied to Texas. It is, as if A. should demand SIOO of 8., the latter insisting that he owed but $75. A. employs C. to prosecute the claim, and C., after suc ceeding in recovering the entire amount, turns upon A. and refuses to- pay him more than $75., on the ground that he w’as never entitled to more at the hands of B. It is now too late to go into the origi nals of Texas’ claim to the Rio Grande ; she claimed that ifiver as her Western boundary’, and this Gov ernment maintained that claim at the expense of a protracted sanguinary struggle. And what is to be the consequence of this usurpa tion, to the Southern States of this confederacy. The people of New Mexico have the same inherent right to form a State Government, and demand admission into the Union, as had the people of California. Nay’, there is a greater propriety in the exercise of such a right on the part of the people of New’ Mexico. They are generally permanent residents of the Territory, while those who organised the State of California were transient adventurers, and in no sense identified with the soil for which they assumed the right to legislate. True, New Mexico has but a few thousands of inhab itants, but inherent political right is not dependent up on numbers. Five thousand have the same right to make a State, according to this doctrine, as one hun dred thousand, and those who favor the admission of California on her present application, dare not interpose this objection, lest it might argue the right iu the general government to make qualifications to the de mand of a State for admission into the Union. How forcibly does thie new application, expose the sham set up by the advocates of California. The opponents of that measure might in vain have racked their imagi nations, for a more complete burlesque of the ridiculous pretensions made by the State of California. Washington Monument. We are pleased to learn that Mr. R. P. Spencer of our city, who is the agent of the Monument Society, will be in attendance at the approaching celebration of the 4th, for the purpose of receiv ing whatever those present may be disposed to give for this enterprise. Asa work, intended to be commemorative of the immortal Washing ton, it should enlist the cordial cooperation of all who are proud of the name of Americans, and it is the design of the society rather that the entire people should build it by small contributions from each, that it should be erected by large do nations from a few. We thank Hon Lewis Cass, Hon. Jere. Clemens, Hon. M. J. Wellborn and llon. 11. W, Hilliard for pubic documents. Matthew L. Davis. One of the oldest and most distinguished pub lic men of N. York, and Father of Capt. John E. Davis of our city, died in New York on the 21st, ult. He was well known to the literary world as the confidential friend and biographer of Aaron Burr, and as the author of the celebrated let ters to the New York Courier & Enquirer, over the Signature of the Spy in Washington. Macon Female College.—We have received from some friend, a “Catalogue of the Trustees, Faculty, and students, of the Wesleyan Female Colege at Macon Ga. for the scholastic year 18* 49—50,” from which we gather the following interesting facts. The Faculty consists of a Pre sident and Professor of Mathematics; a Professor of Engish Literature; a Professor of Languages; a Prof333or of Mu;ic; a Governess and Teacher of the Ornamental Branches; and an Instruc tress in the Primary Department. There are at present, 176 young ladies in the institution, 161 of whom are from Georgia, and the remaining 5 from the adjoining States. The necessary expenses per. annum are apout $175 including tuition, board &c. &c. The Ornamental Branch es of Music, painting and embroidery, cost $125 per annum. The commencement exercises will begin on Monday the Bth inst., and be continu ed till the succeeding Thursday. The annual address will be delivered by Hon. Thomas C. Howard. Hon. M. J. Wellborn. —Our immediate Rep resentative has made another speecli in the House, sustaining the Missouri Compromise.— We hope to receive a revised Copy of his speech in a few days, and -will lay it before our readers. To Judge Wellborn belongs the honor of having first introduced the Missouri Compro. mise into Congress, at this session, and it must be a source of gratification, not more to him than to his constituents, that the position he then oc cupied, is now becoming the rallying point of the entire South. Congress. Both Houses are mainly occupied in the dis cussion of slavery. In the Senate, Mr. Soule has introduced an amendment which will be found in another place. His speech on the amendment is characterisad as one of the ablest which has been delivered this session, and its effect upon the prospects of the committee com promise, is said to have been any thing but sat isfactory to the friends of that measnre. It has brought out Mr. Webster in labored reply. In private letters which we have received from Washington, we are assured that the fate of the omnibus bill is sealed. Mr. Foote has introduced in the Senate a Res olution calling on the President for information relative to his interference in the affairs ot Mex ico, and similar resolutions have been introduc ed in the House by Mr. Stanton of Tennessee. The Senate has recently confirmed several im portant Executive appointments, among others, those of Abbott Lawrence as Minister to England, Baile Peyton as Minister to Chili, and George P. Marsh as Minister to Constantinople. THE SPIRIT OE CHEROKEE GA. The Dalton Times, speaking of the compro mise of 36. 30. says: The division of the territory acquired from Mexico, by the extension of this line to the Pa cific oceen, as insisted upon by the Southern Convention, is fully recognised as the ne plus ul tra of Southern compromise, if we judge from the tone and ’spirit ofour cotemporaries. Neverthe less, there are not wanting, even among us here at home, a few—though, thank Haaven, but a few—infatuated panderers to the fanatical senti ment of northern ambition, who turn away de risively from the modest demand of the South, as if indeed, it were the height of presumption, and the very quinteseence of diplomatic folly, to seek, by this means, the final settlement of the slavery question. As is ever the case with the timeserving de magogue, skilled in all the baseborn tricks of low chicanery, and more than willing to employ them as well to mask their real motives, as to sub serve the accomplishment of their unholy pur poses, these darkly dyed apostates from the hon or of the South would fain cloak the perfidy of their course, by assuming the absolute necessi ties to which they are driven as an apology.— Hence, cringing, with serf-like servility under the unscrupulous dicta, and yielding with scarce a murmur, to the most unrighteously exorbitant exactions of our Northern oppressors, they trai torously reject the only possible plan of adjust ing existing difficulties, securing contested rights and vindicating insulted honor, with the profit less design of making to themselves friends of the household of free-soilism. At a meeting of the Citizens of Walker Cos. at Ringgold on the 26th ult, the following Resolu tions were adopted: Resolved, That the resolutions adopted by the Nashville Convention meet with our warmest ap probation, and that we stand pledged to sustain them. Resolved, That in this momentous crisis, we sincerely hope that no division of sentiment will exist among us, in reference to that great ques tion which is now agitating the councils o f the nation. Resolved, That when our opponents shall cease to liear argument, we will be prepored to maintain our constitutional rights “at all hazards and to the last extremity.” The Cherokee Advocate says: We place before our readers the Series of Res olutions adopted by the Nashville Convention, only a portion of which we published last weeks We hope that they and the Address will receive a hearty approval. They are mild, temperate and just. Now that the reasonable requirements of the South have been promulgated, every pa triot of every latitude should see to their accom plishment, and harmony would be restored to this broad country. The Rome Southerner is of course with'us, and with us too, actively, ably, and efficiently. No journal in the South has stood up more boldly or more uniformly in defence of her rights.— Situated in the very midst of influences, more antagonistic to the southern movement, than are to be found in any other part of the State, it lias all along, born itself bravely and with a power ful arm in the conflict which has been so,warmly raged about its head. The Southerner merits the support of true Southern men, and if there are disaffected Democrats in Cherokee who turn the cold shoulder upon it, the Democrats of other sections should see to it, that it does not snffe in the advocacy of their rights. DEMOCRATIC CONSISTENCY. “Some of the Democratic papers are abusing Gen. Taylor as a traitor to the South in the very articles in which they still laud General Cass to the skies. Such unharmonious inconsistent clack want do. We do not find fault with them for disagreeing with general Taylor. We do that without hesitation ourselves. But we call upon these papers to show how it is that they can censure General Taylor and stick to Gen. Cass. The latter lias explained for himself what he meant by his Nicholson Letter, and he tells us flatly, he meant to say, that slavery is excluded from the territories by a Mexican Law, and also, that the territorial legislatures have the right to exclude it by legislation! Gen. Taylor entertains the same opinion as to the Mexican law, but he has never yielded such a power to the territorial Legislatures.” We extract the foregoing from the Augusta Republic, and we do so for the purpose of giving it our cordial second. We confess we have been deluded in our understanding of Gen. Cass’ doc trine of non intervention, and we see no difference uow between his position and that of Gen. Tay - lor, and while they stand together upon a plat form which in our estimation is destructive to the rights of the South, the fact that one is a Democrat and the other a Whig shall not induce us to discriminate in our denunciation of then position. Rightly understood, we still declare our firm adherence to, and our decided prefer ence for, the doctrine of non intervention, but the idea of inherent political jurisdiction of this ques tion of Slavery, in the people of the Territories, is an abominable heresy which we can neversup port whether advocated by a whig or democratic president. On this question then, w-e see no difference between Gen. Taylor and Gen. Cass, and with the Republic, we deprecate that invid ious spirit of party which determines the ortho„ doxy of a political opinion, by the party associ ation of the man who entertains it. It is to us a matter of indifference on which side of the old party lines, men may now stand. There is now but one test of party, and by that test must men stand or fall, before the people of the South. [YANKEE CORRESPONDENCE.] Boston, June 24, 1850. Anniversary of Bunker Hill—Great Storm in the North—Another in Chelsea Church Militant — Forrest's Assault on Willis, of the Home Jour nal— The Knockings—Mad Doctors—Steamer Burnt—Great Fortification — Paine's Light, cj-c. Last Monday the anniversary of the battle of Bun ker Hill, fought in 1775, was celebrated round the Monument in Charlestown. The ceremonies consis ted of a procession, an oration, and a dinner. The day was very fine and very hot; flags were flying everywhere, and bells were ringing at intervals. The procession began at 11 o’clock and proceeded through the principal streets and round the monumental hill. First marched several military companies, then suc ceeded and brought up the rear the clubs, societies, fire companies, and delegations belonging to Charles town, Boston, Roxbury, Cambridge, and half a dozen other places in our vicinity, all with flags, drums, in struments of music and personal decorations.— Charlestown was crowded with gala folk—and along the course oi’ the pageant were erected a multitude of little stands and booths, furnishing a great variety of refreshment and diversion to the perspiring public. The Ship House in the Navy Yard was the place where Mr. Everett's oration was delivered, to an au dience of over 10,000 persons. It was very appro priate and very eloquent, setting forth the well known history and the old sentiments in a renovated manner. Towards the close it contained some admirable aspi rations for a perfect union and fraternity of these States, which were very warmly applauded. The dinner guests then walked in procession into Boston, where, at the Fitchburg Railway Depot, they enjoy ed the banquet and tile toasts which succeeded it. Several of the toasts exhibited that love of the Union and strong wish to preserve it, which shall never cease to be the dominant sentiments here. Among other letters read after dinner, was one from Daniel Webster, advocating a calm, compromising spirit of brotherhood, in his own earnest and memorable way. The weather here has been very’ warm, for the past week—thermometer up to 98 or so. • But just as we were at the hottest, and flinging off every lin gering remnant of our Spring liabilaments, came a storm —a terrible storm of thunder, lightning and rain, which appeared to have swept all the States of this Northern seaboard. It took place here on Thurs day 7. The lightning struck several persons and things in Boston, running down chimnies, along bell ropes, between people’s legs, and picking astonishing holes in floors. It knocked down three Irishmen, near Blue Ili! 1 ., who, for a moment, thought they were in the fair of Ballinasloe, when the buying and selling is over, and the other business generally be gins. But they found they were completely unin jured, and consequently knew, at once, that it could not be the fair of Ballinasloe. In New Hampshire the streams rose, and the embankment of the Chesh ire railway were broken in several places; factories and barns were blown over, and hailstones battered the roofs and windows like grape shot. At Concord in this State there was a snug audience under a mon ster tent, looking at the pleasant business of a circus. But the tempest blew the tent about their ears and they ran away like half drowned rats. Wild work of the same kind in Maine and several other States. There was a perfect tornado in New York. Houses were blown down, masts of ships swept away, trees torn up by the roots, boats upset, and several persons drowned. A great amount of mischief has been done, but, as is usually the ease with anything moth er Nature performs, the general compensation far outweighs the detriment. Vegetation and the hopes which it holds forth have grown brighter and fresher from this uproar of the elements. We have had a case of holy warfare here, which amuses the ungodly very much. Scene, a church. Time, Sunday evening. Belligerents, a Captain and a Rector —partisans, attendants, Ac. A smart fel low could make as much of this reading desk , in St. Lukes Church, in Chelsea, as Boileau Despreaux did of his (the Lutrin) long ago. The case has come before the Police Court, and the facts are as follows : St. Lukes is an Episcopalian chureli, of which the Rev. Mr. Jenks is the Rector, acknowledged by the parish, but disallowed by the proprietors, who built up the edifice from a mere hall. Os these last is Captain Thayer. Not being able to agree about the church, both parties referred their dispute to the i Supreme Court, and gave the key of the edifice to the Town Clerk, to abide the result. But, last Sun day, the proprietors got into the church the back way, and threw it open for service. The men of Jenks heard this, and their wrath was kindled. In the evening, when the proprietors were to have the church open again, a body of parishioners marched, headed by Mr. Jenks, into it and up the aisle. They found a young layman officiating. Mr. Jenks, the Rector, in full canonicals, moved upon the reading desk, according to the.canon. He was met by Capt. Thayer, who asked him what he wanted, and gave gave him an effective thrust in the stomach, which pitched his reverence into the arms of his followers. A mcllee followed, in which Mr. Jenks’ gown was torn up the back, and he himself left in a very un clerical condition. The old proverb was reversed— cedit annee toga. In the meantime, people had run for the sheriff, who came, and in the midst of much clamor, put both parties out of the church and the key in Ills pocket, like Cromwell, after dissolving the long Parliament. So the matter stands. Mr. Thay er has given bail to answer the charge of doubling up the clergyman, before a jury, in July. Talking of fighting and fisticuffs, I suppose you have heard how Edwin Forrest, the tragedian, beat N. P. Willis, the poet, one of the editors of the Home Journal. Forrest asserted that he had a dire grievance to urge him on—the bloodiest outrage the human heart could rise against—the seduction of his wife, by Willis ; and he comes, sideways and sudden ly, upon the latter and licks him with a cane after he has knocked him down! That was not exactly the way to requite such a terrible wrong, supposing (which has not been shown at all,) that Willis perpe trated it. An opener and a manlier course —a duel at six paces, or muzzle to muzzle—would have best suited such an emergency. The fact that Willis is a small man and Forrest a big man, makes this beat ing still more reprehensible. Willis forebore to lodge any complaint against Forrest. It is not improbable the former will proceed against the assailant for heavy damages. The Rochester Kuockings, of which I have already spoken to you. are apparently about to be knocked on the head. The editor of the New York Commercial, who went to hear these noises and see the ladies that preside over them, seems to express the sentiment of the majority, when he declares that “a bolder or more contemptible humbug that had ihe least con nection with respectable parties, he never knew.” He hints that if he could investigate why the ladies sat so close together, lie might be able to bring some thing to light—meaning by this terrible way of speak ing, that if he could only—we can scarcely write the words—could only rummage the dresses of the la dies, he might be able to discover something! Well, if that’s not audacity, I don’t know what is! The fact is, the desperado believes the knocks come from some place between the floor and the table, at which the ladies sit; he has no faith in the floor ! It is very well the ladies have a couple of young fellows to watch over them in the room—otherwise, some visitor, with a soul perforated as it were, by a sherry 7 cobler, might be for finding cleetrie machinery un der their wardrobes! I hope ihe money making im posture will not be blown up before these cunning gypsies shall have come to Boston. Mr. Webster has written another letter on the great topic of the day, to several persons in Gardiner, Augusta, HalloweU, and Bath, in the State of Maine. It goes to show that the Wilmot Proviso would be an absurdity as applied to New Mexico. Referring to the prospect of settlement, he says : “on this point I am happy to say I can speak with hope, if not with confidence. I think I see indications that the public judgment will, ere long, be brought to bear upon these troublesome and exciting questions, and that the voice of a majority of the people will hush other discordant voices.” By the way, Soule’s amend ment regarding the admission of Utah, adopted by a vote of 38 to 12, seems to settle the fate of the Wil mot Proviso in the Senate.. lam sure we should all be very much rejoiced to know that the evil spirit, IV ilmot Proviso, was banished for ever from amongst us, and laid quietly in the Red Sea, where all the oth er troublesome ghosts are laid. We have had a convention of mad doctors here, for the last week. Don’t misunderstand me. 1 don’t mean that the M. D’s. were lunatics. It is a matter of reason and congfuity, that “Who drives fat oxen, should himself be fat but it is not held, at all, necessary that Who keep mad people, should themselves be mad. No, sir ; I only meant to say that over one hundred and sixty-five medical superintendants of Asylums for the insane, have been in session here for some days, discussing everything pertaining to the physical and moral treatment fittest for the well being of those un der their charge. They came from all parts of the Union and the British Provinces. They have en lightened and benefitted each other a good deal, and will carry back with them to their respective localities, the various excellent suggestions and ideas given out at their meetings. The Mayor, Bigelow, and the City authorities, took them out to the mouth of our old Bay in a steamer, the day before yesterday, to give them a mouthful of cool air and refresh them af ter their discussions. They took something more than mouthfuls of air, though ; “can a man fill his belly with the east wind ?” The corporation thought not, and so they had provided a variety of knick knaekeries in the gastronomic way, for their guests as a sort of solid basis on which to rest their admira tion of our Yankee Archipelago. In the midst of the hundred islands in our harbor, is Governor’s Island, where, for the last twenty years, a large and formidable fort has been in progress of construction. A million of dollars have been al ready expended upon it. It commands the entrance to our harbor, completely. Its guns could hit a sea gull if he attempted to force his way through the space, against the will of the garrison. But it has no garrison as yet. It will require about §300,000 mors to finish it. When completed it will be a per fect Gibraltar. As it is, it does a fighting man’s heart good to see its massive masonry, breastworks, arches, stairways, vaults, &c. I hope it will be complete be fore we go to war with Spain and England, about the possession of Cuba. The burning of the steamer “Griffith,” 17th inst., on Lake Erie, with a number of emigrants on board, is one of the most melancholy things of the kind that we have heard for a long time. The emigrants were chigfly Germans, and over thirty Englishmen. The fire spread so rapidly that, at 600 yards from the shore where the ship was grounded, men, women and children, leaped in masses into the water. They dragged each other down, and it is thought that 300 persons perished in this way, among whom were the Captain’ and his wife. The neglect and recklessness of ship-owners and captains are dreadful, and it is a deep reproach that the State Legislatures or the Su preme Government, will not make stringent enact ments op the subject, for the protection of society against this headlong spirit of speculation, which holds human life so cheap. Mr. Paine's Hydro-Electric light still continues to be variously discussed, and a good deal of disbelief is expressed concerning it. It is stated by the New, York Herald, that Paine will iutroduee this light into the Abtor House on the 4th of July next. Several statements appear in the papers, to the effect that he is not a man to be relied on—that he is somewhat of a. visionary. There may be something in this. But, then, Columbus was the greatest visionary of his time, and so was Roger Bacon. However, whether Paine be successful or not, this theory of fire from water is a true one, and the proper machine to produce it must shortly be discovered. We cannot yet believe that there is nothing in a contrivance by which Paine has made inflammable gas to light his own room. We shall shortly know whether he can perform all he promises. The migration of our wealthiest citizens to the sea shore, to watering places, and rural hotels, is going on at a great rate. We must be content with what By ron would call “a vegetable puncheon”—the Com mon, and thank God for the Frog Pond and its jet. The Connecticut Legislature has brought in a bill under which clergymen or magistrates who shall marry white people to blacks shall be fined—as who should say—vou-Co.nnect-I-cut ! After this, I must vanish! YANKEE DOODLE. [EW YORK CORRESPONDENCE.] Introductory—Collision between Forrest and Willis —“ The Spirits ” at Barnum's—Death of old Hays—Steam Communication between Galway and New York—The Weather—Health of the City—Celebration of St. John s Day — Literary Intelligence — sc. New York, June 25, 1850. In making my debut, Mr. Editor, in the Southern Sentinel as your metropolitan Correspondent, I would have both you and j our readers imagine me as mak- very low bow, and extending over the thousand miles (more or less) that separate us, one of the larg est and friendliest of hands, for a fraternal grip. While the Sentinel maintains its stately tread at its accustomed post, your humble servant is for the future to be stationed on the “outer wall” ; and here, in this great Empire City, to be on a perpetual qui vive to challenge whatever comes along, and to see that no news, tun, or folly of the day, pass the gates without reporting itself at head-quarters. He hopes, by never sleeping at his po3t, to merit speedy promo tion in the good opinion of his commanding officers, the public. The engrossing subject of conversation here for the last two weeks, particularly in bar-rooms and senti mental drawing-rooms, has been the late collision be tween Forrest and Willis, in consequence of the gross familiarities of the latter with Mrs. Forrest. As the occurrence is now’ more than a week old, the new’s of it must have reached you, and I will not repeat the particulars except to say that poor Willis, at the Sta tion House was a most piteous object to behold—that Broadway coat of his, quite ruined, and his pet mous tache rather bedraggled. Willis is said to have chal lenged his assailant, and it is generally believed that a hostile meeting is arranged to take place in Canada, this summer. Another rumor says that Forrest has refused the challenge, but this Ido not credit. The general opinion of the public seems to be teat, although Willis no doubt deserved all he got, Forrest has been guilty of a gross outrage—particularly, if, as alledged by several witnesses, he struck him from behind. And now my friends, for knockings of a different kind. Were you aware that the “Rochester knock ings” have been transferred to New York, and that the spirits have taken wing from the quiet banks of the Genesee, and found a resting place f6r their incorpo real essence in his busy city ? It is even so; the veritable Fish family are here, staying at Barnum’s Hotel, where they have received, and are receiving, a number of curious visitors (say about fifty daily) at a dollar a head. We were somewhat surprised, on the occasion of our visit, to see a number of clergymen present. The knockings were loud, in various parts of the room, and so violent as palpably to shake the chairs, tables, and other furniture—a fact which is conclusive evidence against their being produced by ventriloquism. One gentleman, who was in commun ion with them, and mentally expressed the wish that they would knock on his feet, was gratified by three distinct knocks, a little harder than he had bargained for. Their answers to questions, even when only mentally asked, were in most cases astonishingly ac curate. Indeed there is a mystery about the subject, which none of the hundreds who have visited them, and among them some of our most eminent men, can .explain. Jacob Hays, every where known as “Old ITays,” died on Thursday last of old age, in his 79th year.— Mr. Hays was the oldest police officer in the country, and had been high” Constable of the city for nearly half a century. He may justly be denominated the Fouehe of America, and a detailed history of his a ehievements would possess as absorbing an interest as the wildest romance. He was a inan of rare abilities in his peculiar business, and knew every rogue by heart. Friday evening last was quite an occasion for our Irish citizens, who took that opportunity of celebrat ing the arrival of the first steam-ship that ever reach ed this country from an Irish port. The arrival of the “Viceroy” is the commencement of a direct steam communication between Galway and New York, and must be regarded as ail important era in Atlantic navigation. The advantages of this over other routes are numerous and manifest. The dangers and delays of the Channel navigation will thus be avoided ; while the Harbor of Galway, one of the largest, safest, and most commodious on the Atlantic coast, completely free from fogs, and guarded by three light-houses, affords one of the most desirable havens in the world for vessels even of the largest class. When the great Western Railway to Dublin, now in active progress, shall have been completed, there will be the addition al advantage of greater dispatch, as London will thus be brought within eight days of Halifax, nine days of Boston, and ten days of New York. It will be seen at once, therefore, that this is a highly important movement. Yfiu are aware that wc have had here at the North a very backward spring: so much so that we arc hardly yet at the height of our strawberry season, and cherries have not done more than just make their ap pearance in market. Since the warm weather has set in, however, it has come “with a will” : last week the mercury was up to 93 deg., which is considerable for our climate. I have noticed this summer a great er amount of electricity in the air than we have had for several preceeding years. This has manifested it self more than once in severe thunder storms. Onu of these visited our city on Thursday last, and one again on Sunday. The wind did considerable dan age in our harbor, on both occasions; and the electric fluid struck and damaged several buildings, perform ing a variety of queer freaks. ’ The health of our city continues astonishingly good, the deaths for the weekending June 22d, being only 238. No cases of Cholera have appeared, and diar rhoea and dysentery, which are here scarcely less fatal, have together carried oft’only eight victims. Yesterday was St. John’s Day, and was celebrat ed by the Free MasonsJ a honor of their patron saint, in the usual manner. The colored Masons turned out in lull force ; their march afforded entertainment to a great crowd who thronged the streets through which they passed: as for myself, I have rarely seen a more entertaining spectacle. The gravity of the el der negroes as they marched along with brilliant col lars, stainless aprons, and here and there a dignitary with drawn sword, presented an irresistible contias', to the numberless wenches, who accompanied the pro cession as outsiders, and cast many an admiring look at their lords, as they threaded their way through a labyrinth of omnibuses, —not to mention the mirthful countenances of the younger brethren, who, even ar rayed in their regalia, could not refrain from combin ing with their march, a regular Ethiopian break down. Summer is always a season of inactivity 7 for the publishing houses. The Messrs. Harper, nevertheless arc going on with their fine edition of Gibbon’s Histo ry, which they have put at the moderate price of fifty cents per volume. They have also issued during the past week Dr. Lardner’s late work on Railroad Econ omy, and a translation of one of Lamartine’s political tracts. Frm Stringer and Townsend’s press we have a supplement to Frank Forrester’s “Fish und Fish ing”—a work which, as now completed, is an admir able manual which evepy sportsman ought to possess. The sixth number of the “Gallery of Illustrious Amer icans” has been issued; it is devoted to Colonel Fre mont. An eloquent sketch of his career from the pen of C. Edwards Lester accompanies an admirable likeness from one of Brady’s daguerreotypes. James Fennimore Cooper has been making a short visit in our city. He is said to be the author of a play lately brought out with considerable suceesat Burton’s Theatre. Yours j>. Q. SIR. SOULE’S AMENDMENT. In the Senate on the 24th u!t: Mr. Soule brought forward a substitute for that part of the bill which provides for the ad mission of California as follows: I st that when California shall, by her Legisla ture, signify her acceptance of the parallel of 36 30, North latitude, called the Missouri line, as her Southern boundary, and relinquish all claim to the public domain in her limits, the President of the U. States shall deelare her to be one of the States of this Union, and on equal footing with the original States; 2d. That the sum collected by the United States from the customs in the ports of Califor nia be returned to the treasury of the State. 3d. That the Senators and Representatives elect from California receive mileage and pav, e qual to that allowed to the delegates from” the Territory of Oregon. 4th. that the Territory of South California, bo organized with the same provisions as those pre scribed for Utah; and that when the people there of shall form a State constitution, the State may be admitted with or without slavery, as the peo ple may provide. Mr. Soule spoke at great length in of this substitute. He devoted much of the first portion of the argument to the purpose of show ing that, without the relinquishment, by Califor nia, belore her admission as a State, of the right to make any primary disposal of the soil, the do main will pass to her, California was not a party to the condition imposed upon her by the bill from the committee of thirteen, and it would not bind her, after she became a state. If one leg islature accepted the condition, the next might reverse it. It was necessary that she must pass an ordinance before her admission protecting the rights of the United States in the public lands. He showed that the ordinance passed by the California Convention respecting the lands, re linquished only the vacant lands. After having appropriated eleven hundred thousand acres for the use of schools, there would be few vacant or unoccupied tracts that would be good for anything, after 200,000 settlers had seized on them.