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had not his equal on earth. I mentally re solved to reform my physiognomical theory. “But why did you address that mysterious phrase to me at Prague, “Do you know me now, and what I would with you I inquir- j ed of the worthy redcoat: “it took the deep- ! est hold on me, and influenced rny dreams in the most unaccountable manner.” “Why, of course, I wanted to give Von r. hint that I had found your pocket-book. I 1 did not say so at once, as I waited to learn , from you such particulars as v.culd have con vinced me that you were its lawful owner. But you looked at me so suspiciously, and de meaned yourself so strangely, that i began to have my doubts.” I now related my story to him. “Wal purgis Night forever!” cried he. “1 our sto ry is as good as a moral, philosophical and psychological essay. I am glad, however, that 1 turned out to be an angel of light after all, or the story would have told sadly against me.” I never slept from home again on Walpur* gis Night.” SOUTHERN SENTINEL. COLUMBUS, GEORGIA: THURSDAY MORNING, AUG. 1, 1850. O’ Hon. Pierre Socle* of the Senate, and lion. Marshall J. Wellborn’, of the House, have our thanks for public documents. O’ We invito attention to the advertisement of the “second annual Fair of the South Carolina Insti tute,” to be held in Charleston during the Week commencing on the 18th of November next. O’ Hon. Rout. B. Alexander has accepted the invitation to deliver the eulogy on the life and pub lic services of the late President, in this city, on the 2d of October next. The 801 l Worm. —We heard it remarked by an intelligent planter, a few days since, that his cotton fields were filled with the species of fly which it is supposed generate the boll worm. The cotton crops in this section are now quite promising, but they have been so much retarded by the unfavorable rpring, that If the worm should make its appearance nt the usual time, it must prove very destructive to the hopes of the lanter- The Mass Meeting. It will be seen from the invitation in another eol hmn, that the time and place for holding the propos ed mass meeting of the friends of 36-30, have been dctermin-d. We hope the people will bear it in mind, and when the time arrives, that they will as semble by thousands, to confer with each other upon the important issues before the country. The coun ties of Georgia have been speaking in their primary meetings, and they have spoken in a manner that greatly encourages the hopes of those who have watched the tone of public sentiment at the South. If evidences of the extreme odiousness of the “Clay adjustment,” arc required, we need but turn to the liles of our exchanges which pour in upon us day af ter day, proceedings of public meetings in every sec tion, all breathing indignation at this attempted out rage upon the South. Those county meetings do finely as far as they go, but we want a combination of the friends of the South. Our individual exertions have done, and will do much, but we must come to gether, and by “a strong pull, a long pull, and a pull altogether,” we hope to give the final death stroke to that scheme which lias already quailed before south ern opposition. Let southern men make their ar rangements to be present. The first intellects of the land will be invited, and no pains spared to make the occasion one of joyous pride to southern men. The People Moving. —Meetings will be held by the 36-30 men at the following times and places : at irlennville, Harbour county, Ala., to-day ; at Craw ford, Russell county, on Saturday, the 3d inst.; at ( layton, Barbour county, on Monday, the sth inst.; and at Enon, Macon county, on Thursday, the Bth. The people are alive to their honor and the interests of the South. Able and eloquent speakers will ad dress the people at these several meetings on the all absorbing questions of the day. The Spirit of tue Times.— ln the Macon Tele graph of the 30th ult., we find the proceedings of public meetings in favor of 36-30, which had been held in Houston, Camden, and Chatham counties, land calls for similar meetings in Bibb, (a mass meet ing) Monroe, Upson, Jones, Twiggs, and Dooly counties. Appointment of Orator. In accordance with a resolution of a meeting of the citizens of Columbus and vicinity, held at the Court House on the 24th instant, the joint committee ap pointed on the part of the Mayor and Council, and on the part of the citizens, to select an Orator, and make suitable arrangements for the delivery of nn Address upon the life and character of General TAYLOR, late President of the United States, met at the office of the “Southern Sentinel” at 10 o’clock a.m. this day, llon.R.B. Alexander was unanimously chosen Orator, aiul Signified to the committee his ac ceptance. The 2d day of October next was agreed upon for the delivery of said address. His lion. \V. S. Holstead, Mayor, and Dr. John A. Urquhart, of the City Council, and Capt. A. 11. Cooper, Maj. Wiley Williams and Joseph L. Mor ton, Esqrs., on the pr.rt of the citizens, were appoint ed- a sub-committee of arrangements. On motion, the committee adjourned. W. S. HOLSTEAD, Chairman. A. G. Foster, Secretary. Columbus, July 25, 1850. Honors to the late Chief Magistrate. In obedience to the call previously made by the Mayor, the citizens of Columbus met at the Court- House at 10 o’clock a. m., Wednesday, the 24th inst., for the purpose of “making arrangements and to car ry out a call of the City Council of Columbus, in re gard to the death of ZACHARY TAYLOR, late President of the United- States.” On motion of Hon. Robt. B. Alexander. His Honor the Mayor, Willis S.Holstead, took the Chair, and William H. Chambers and J. A. L. Lee were requested to act as Secretaries. Judge A. G. Foster explained the object of the meeting and introduced tlie following preamble and resolutions: An overruling Providence, in the dispensation of its inscrutable decrees, lias removed from the Chief Magistracy of this mighty nation of Freemen, the chief whom they had but recently selected to preside over them. The President of the United States is no more. Called from bis earthly abode of great ness and usefulness, his memory will long live, em balmed in the hearts of his countrymen. Called by Hi® country to many important stations of trust, of honor and of danger, he was ever found true to his country, to honor, and equal to the most trying emergencies. His death comes to us as solemn warning. Let us forget all bickering and petty strifes, and remem bering that we are one people, let us endeavor to be justtoono another, and while around the grave of our departed President, renew the covenant plighted bv our forefathers in the first days of the republic— Therefore , Resolved, That we deeply deplore the death of our late President, Gen. Zachary Taylor. Resolved, That the station to which he had been called by the voice of his countrymen is the best evi dence of the esteem which was felt for him as a man ; and the confidence reposed in his ability and patriot- j ism. While the name of the United States of Ame rica shall live in history, that of General Zachary Taylor will be associated with some of the brightest pages of that history. Resolved, That the death of Gen. Taylor, at this time, should not be without its influence upon the na tional mind. It should teach all to be forbearing and moderate. It should soften down the bitter asperities ; of party strife, and lead us all back, once more, to j that justice towards and confidence in one another | which is the only sure guaranty of our future na- j tional glory and greatness. Resolved, That we tender our heartfelt sympathy to the family of General Taylor. Though their loss | cannot be repaired, it may aflord some consolation j to know that the nation who honored him while liv- j ing. now mingles its sorrowing tears with those of bis bereaved family over his grave. Resolved, That a committee of thirteen be ap pointed by the chairman of this meeting, to make ar rangements for the delivery of an Eulogium upon our illustrious fellow-citizen, at such time ob may be agreed upon by such committee. And that they be j requested to invite the people of the adjoining conn- | ties to participate with us in the exercises of that oc- j easion. Resolved. That the secretaries of this meeting be requested to forward a copy of its proceedings to the family of General Taylor, and also to each of the papers of this city for publication. On motion of Capt-. A. 11. Cooper, the chairman appointed the following gentlemen to constitute the committee contemplated by the resolutions : Judge A. G. Foster, Col. J. V. Chambers, Capt. A. 11. Cooper, Dr. S. A. Billing , 11. Gunby, Esq., Maj. Wiley Williams, Dr. F. A. Stanford. Col, John Quinn, Maj. R, S. Hardaway, Hon. R. li. Alexander , Col. TV in. 11. Harper, J. L. Morton, Esq., Maj. E. J. Hardin. On motion of Col. J. A. L. Lee, the Mayor was added to the committee. The committee of arrangements was requested to meet at the Reading Room of the “Sentinel” to morrow (Thursday) morning, at 10 o'clock, and to report their proceedings through the public prints of the city. On motion, the meeting then adjourned. AY. S. HOLSTEAD, Chairman. AVilliam 11. Chambers, ) „ T * r t c Secretaries. Joseph A. L. Lee, ) Tlie State Agricultural Fair. Tlie annual exhibition of theSouthcrn Agricultural Association, will commence at Atlanta on Thursday, the 13th of this month. In point of interest, this ex hibition is unequalled by any similar ’convention in the southern Slates. It is intended to encourage en terprise and ingenuity in all the industrial arts, not only in Georgia, but in all the contiguous States. There the agriculturalists and artisans of Georgia, North and South Carolina, Florida, Tennessee and Alabama, meet in friendly rivalry, to vie with, to stimulate, and to instruct each other in the prosecu tion of their various avocations ; and the innumera ble specimens of skill which they produce are not on ly of interest to the curious, but they afford gratify ing evidences of the advances which our people are making in all the departments of science and the arts. The crowds which annually gather at these exhibi tions, exceed those assembled on any other occasions in this State. In view of the insufficiency of the ac commodations for the immense throng last year at the. j Stone Mountain, the committee of arrangements have this year offered a premium for the best tent and camp equipage, as an inducement to the differ ent agricultural associations, to come up prepared to accommodate themselves. The Muscogee and Rus sell Society are accordingly fitting up a splendid tent capable of comfortably sheltering as many members as will attend. The tent, together with all the camp ! utensils, are to be of Georgia manufacture out of | Georgia material, aud for excellence and completc ; ness, we think will not only take the shine off of ev ery thing at the Fair, but will compare well with i any tiling of the sort ever got up in this country. AA r e are authorized to invite as many of the members of the Muscogee and Russell Society, as can do so, to attend in company with tlie delegation from this | city. Harmony at the South. At almost every Clay Compromise meeting, while a preference has be.n expressed for the Committee’s plan, a resolution has been adopted declaring a readi ness to acquiesce in the settlement of our difficulties by the Missouri Compromise. If those who adopt this resolution are sincere, and their only object is to settle the question, why, we ask, do they hold public meetings ? Now tlioso composing these Clay Com promise meetings, claim to be the special, if not the exclusive friends of tlie Union, and it is their boast, that rising above all party ties, and all sectional pre judices, they rally solely for tlie preservation of a Union, w hieh indeed they hold most dear, if we are to judge by their extravagant laudations of its bless ings. AVc do not propose to question the honesty of this professed devotion, nor is it our purpose to say one word in disparagement of the object of that de votion ; our object is merely to inquire into the wis dom of the course they adopt for the preservation of the Union. The Nashville Convention, which, whatever may be said of its authority to represeut the entire South, certainly spoke for some at the South, has distinctly avowed the Missouri Compromise as its ultimatum. The State of Georgia, through its last legisla ture. has instructed its Governor to summon a con vention of her people to devise the mode and meas ure of redress in the event that California is admitted, which is one of the features of the Clay Compro mise. The State of South Carolina is positively committed to resist the admission of California with her present boundaries and constitution, and that j she will execute what she undertakes, seems not to be questioned. Meetings have been held in many of | the comities of this and the adjoining States, and these meetings continue to be held every day, at which resolutions are passed, strongly denouncing the scheme of adjustment proposed by the commit tee cf thirteen, and threatening resistance should it be adopted. All these facts goto prove that there is a party, and a very numerous one too, at the South, which regards that scheme an outrage upon the South, and would accordingly oppose it even to the extent of dissolution. This party declares its willing ness to accept the Missouri Compromise. Now how is the relation which this party sustains to the gener al government, affected by the public meetings of I those who favor the Clay Compromise ? In the first place, so far from reconciling this party to that com- I promise, the effect of these meetings is only to em bitter the feelings, and excite still more the opposi tion of tlie 3b—3o men. Their determination to re sist the committee scheme is not in the least abated. In the next place, by these demonstrations in favor of that plan, its Northern friends in Congress are en couraged to press it, in the belief that if adopted it will be acquiesced in by the South. In other words they increase the probabilities of its passage, and upon the presumption that those Southern men who have avowed their determination to resist it, will carry out their determination, they increase the probabilities of a dissolution of the Union. The case then stands thus: There are two plans proposed for the settlement of this question ; to one of these plans, one party at the feouth, stands pledged to unequivocal opposition, while the other party is willing to accept it; to the other plan, one party is positively committed, and the other expresses a willingness to adopt it By the latter plan, the Missouri Compromise, the question : may be settled with the concurrence of all parties here, and on the other hand, by the former,the Clay scheme,, the question cannot be settled except it is done over the violent opposition of a large portion of the South. In a few words, the Missouri Compro mise may settle our difficulties, because nobodv at the South will oppose it, while the Clay Compromise can not settle them, because a large party at the South is unqualifiedly pledged to oppose it. In view’ of the premises, what is the plain duty of the friends of the U nion ? Most unquestionably it is, to make no pub lic demonstration in favor cf that, plan which we have seen, cannot peaceably preserve it. They can doit; consistently, because in doing so they only sacrifice a preference, while the 36 30 men cannot acquiesce in i the Cl3v Compiomise without a sacrifice of honor.— AA’hich ought therefore to yield ? But say they, j “We cattnot agree with you in making the Missouri | line an ultimatum ; We are ready to see the ques- j lion settled on that line, but we are not ready to dis solve the Union if we do not get that line.” AA'e re gret that you do not see this question as we do ; we re gret that you are not ready to make it an ultimatum, but if you cannot, you can at least refrain from throw ing any obstacles in the way of those who are. By your public meetings, you do not make it less an ulti matum with those whom you cafi ultra, but you de feat the probability of their obtaining that, which they declare to be necessary for a preservation of the Union. It will be enough for you to dift'er and ex press your differences, when we seek to enforce the consequences of an overthrow of our plan. | [CT Hon. Danif.l P. King, member of Congress from New York, died of dysentery, on Thursday, the i 25th ult. Short Passage. —The new steam ship Atlantic, of the Collins line, arrived at New York on the 21st | ult., having made the trip from Liverpool to New ! York in ten days and fifteen hours! ’ Mr. Ewing, late Secretary of the Interior, lias been appointed U. S. Senator by the Governor of Ohio, to fill the vacancy occasioned by the promotion of Mr. Corwin to the Treasury Department. O* Hon. Edward Everett, late President of Harvard University, it is said, will succeed Mr. AVeb - ster in the Senate. 1 Maine Senator. —lion. Hannibal Hamlin has I been chosen Senator by the Maine Legislature. i IT Hon. Jas. A. Pearce, Senator from Maryland, j has declined the Cabinet appointment tendered him by Mr. Fillmore, and it is said that the post thus va i cated, the Secretaryship of the Interior, will be offer ! ed to Hon. Mr. Conrad, at present a Representative from Louisiana. Mr. Pearce’s vacancy in the Senate would have been filled with a Democrat, and this is ! the reason assigned for his refusing the Cabinet ap ! pointment. nr The “National Intelligencer” says : “AA'e un j derstand that Maj. Gen. Winfield Scott has been j appointed Secretary of War, and Commodore Lewis j Warrington, Secretary of the Navy, until the arrival j of the new Secretaries of those respective Depart | ments.” O’ The cholera is still raging in the AA'estern cities. The. Contoy Prisoners. —The Charleston Couri er, says a letter from a friend in Pensacola dated Sunday, July 20th, contains the following welcome news: “The U. S. ship Albany, is just in from Ha vana with forty-two of the Contoy Prisoners on board. The Santa Fe Excitement. —Late Texas papers say that the Santa Fe excitement continues unabated. They also publish the letter of the Governor to the I Senators and Representatives in Congress, request i ing them to use their efforts to have the instructions | to the U. S. civil and military officers in New Mexico j withdrawn. Another Destructive Fire in San Francisco.— ! By the arrival of the steamer Columbus, we have j San Francisco dates to the 18th of June. Another destructive conflagration had taken place in that city, burning over 300 houses in the most valuable portion of the town. The loss is estimated at from four to five millions of dollars. [O’ Pearson, the man who murdered his wife and children at Lowell, Mass., some months since, was executed at Boston last Friday. He made a full con fession of his crime. Public Sentiment in Mississippi. — The Jackson Mississippian says: “Mr. Ritchie is totally ignorant of public opinion in Mississippi. With the democrat ic party, are now acting, Sharkey, Guion, Clifton, Stewart, Boyd, Starke, Wall, AA'ord, Duffield, Dow ! ning, Miller, and every other distinguished whig in j the State. Upon this southern question we are a UNIT; and should Gen. Foote take the stump, which wo would prefer that he should do now, he would find himself met at every point by the incensed people of our State.” Mr. Clay on Treason. —The “great pacificator” is becoming censorious, and in his fury arraignes Southern men for treason. In his last speech in the Senate, in alluding to Mr. Rhett’s recent speech at the ; public meeting in Charleston, he speaks thus : “He did not intend to disparage Mr. Rhett. He knew him and had some respect for him. But if he had made use of the declarations imputed to him, at the meeting in Charleston, he was a traitor—and I hope, said Mr. Clay, he will meet with the fate of a traitor ! [Loud applause.] Mr. Clay hoped that the senti ments of disunion were confined to South Carolina. There were men in other States as gallant as the peo ple of South Carolina, and lie would answer for Ken i tucky, that thousands and tens of thousands of her | noble sons would rush to arms in support of the stan | dard of the Union against the rebels.” 1 This is strong language even for one whose skirts j have never been infected with the sin which lie de nounces, but coming from Mr. Clay it is preposterous. Mr. Rhett may have been guilty of treason to the Un ion, but Mr. Clay has been a traitor to the South. \ Read his letter in another column, in reply to the in vitation to attend the Free Soil celebration at Cleve land, Ohio. The man who lives on southern soil and entertains those sentiments, is a traitor to her inter ests, and when the doom which he awards to treason shall begin to be executed, let him tremble for his own neck. Mr. Clay lias a right to his opinions, but no man who feels as he does, has a right to live among southern men. As Mr. Barnwell said in his reply, “a rope always has two ends;” the rebel | against tyranny may hang upon one, but the traitor I to justice may also dangle upon the other. Mr. Clay. —For the benefit of those Southern men who are accustomed to look upon Mr. Clay as the great champion of the South in the controversy now pending, we publish his letter in reply to the Free Soil committee inviting him to attend their meeting at Cleveland, Ohio. We publish it without note or comment, content to leave the question of his claim to the confidence of Southern men, to their own so ber reflections : Ashland, June 16, 1849. Gentlemen: I received your official letter, in be half of the freemen of the Reserve, invitmg me to unite with them, at Cleveland, in celebrating the an niversary of the passage of the ordinance of 1787, on the 13th of July next. I concur entirely in opin ion as to the wisdom of the great measure, and I am glad that it has secured to the States, on which it Operates , an exemption from the evils of slavery. But the event of the passage of the ordinance has never, within my knowledge, been celebrated in any one of the sixty-one years which have since inter vened. It is proposed for the first time to commem orate it. It is impossible to disguise the conviction that this purpose originates out of the question now unfortunately agitating the whole Union, of the in troduction of slavery into New Mexico and Califor nia. Whilst no one can be more opposed than lam to the extension of slavery in those new territories, either by the authority of Congress , or by individual enterprise, I should be unwilling to do anything to increase the prevailing excitement. I hope that the question will be met in a spirit of calmness and can dor, and finally be settled in a manner to add strength and stability, instead of adding any danger, to the existence of the Union. In all our differences of opinion, we should never cease to remember tnat we are Lllow-eiuZens of one common and glorious coun try. nor to exercise natural 3nd friendly forbearance. But. gentlemen, waiving all other considerations, indispensable engagements will prevent my attend ance on the occasion to which you have doiie me the honor to invite me. AA'ith great respect, I am Your friend and obedient servant, 11. CLAY. Messrs. E. Perkins and Prescott May, Secretaries, &c. From Washington! lon, on* of the correspondents of the Baltimore i Sun, writing under date of July 26th, says:—The ! bill is still in a critical condition, notwithstanding the I caucus amendment* Its opponents are prepared for ! a contest of physical endurance and forcing a final i vote is otft of the question. The Senators from j Ohio and Massachusetts will soon be in their seats; : Mri Ewing is only waiting for his credentials, which | will be here in due course of mail. —lie will be a vic j torious assailant of the bill, and will vindicate Prcsi- I dent Taylor's plan. Gov. Briggs will hardly send a ! friend of the bill. He will send no one who wishes ! to remain here, or will be a candidate in opposition : to himself when the election is held. ; It is supposed but not positively known that Mr. i Crittendon has accepted his appointment. Mr.Bates I lias not been heard from. The President will not fill the vacancy in the Cabinet till he hears Mr. Bates’ reply. He will then look south or south-west for a Secretary of AA'ar, and offer Mr. Bates the Home Department, if he will take it. The difficulties with Portugal are said to be settled. You had an item, the other day, as to the sale of the Spartansburg, S- C., iron works, in which Mr. Elmore and Mr. Preston were engaged. I am re quested to mention that the works were sold, with the slaves, for the sum of $176,700, and the amount of debts was $147,000. [communicated.] The Federal Government uud Slavery. The late noble stand taken by the Nashville Conven tion is a proceeding which should be endorsed by every county, in every Southern State, by the people in their primary assemblages. Let Georgia, especial ly, lift up her voice in solemn warning to the votaries of high-handed aggression who would tell her, and her Southern sisters, that they are menials in ilie confederacy, and have no right to sit down to the feast of good things which the Union was designed to se cure. Her able and patriotic Governor, in his mes sage of last winter to the general assembly, urged upon her collected wisdom the propriety and neces sity of giving him power to call a convention of her people, to take into consideration the mode and man ner aforesaid, in the event of any further Northern aggression. A few days served to bring forth, both in the Senate and in the House, resolutions respon sive to the Governor’s call. AY hat was most cheer ing was that these resolutions came from the party in opposition to the Governor. The gentlemen who introduced them announced themselves and their party ready to unite with the Democrats in any measure to repel Northern encroachments and abolition aggressions. The union of two parties so diverse as the AYhigs and Democrats of this State, upon any subject, shows it to be one of vital importance to those interested.— The identity of feeling between the two parties in re ference to the abolition fanaticism, show, that however some of the party leaders have been disposed to wink at Free-Soilism, the voice of the people has thundered in their ears that they must beat a quick retreat from their doubtful position, and take sides with the South ern feeling upon the subject of slavery. This they will do, glad enough if their past offences be forgiven them under a promise to sin no more. The feeling is becoming general, that if Congress does not quit its interference with the subject of slave ry, it will be tantamount to the death-knell of the confederacy. You rarely find a man who does not believe that the time for firm and united action on the part of the South has arrived. The Missouri Compromise, is now the only rallying point for the South. The “Adjustment,” as it is called, to defraud the people into its support, is not a compromise, but a base surrender of right on the part of the South, and should be resisted unto death. Had the South been united, as it should have been, to crush under foot the foul spirit of fanatical inroad in its incipicncy when it first commenced to make the Union a lever for overturning our rights, we should now have peace | and tranquility, where we have contention and strife. The States would have taught the general govern ment a lesson which would not have been forgotten. As it is, the South has so long allowed Congress to encroach upon her rights, that it can, at all times, and under all circumstances, do so with impunity. The body politic has become diseased. Instead of pursuing the rightful remedy, the prescriptions of that political empiric of all empirics—Henry Clay— arc to be followed. His specific, it is true, may drive away the cutaneous eruption, but the obvious effect will be to drive the disease into the very vitals of the political system. AA'ho does not see that a more rig id and critical course will be required hereafter than the nature of the ease even now demands, if we fol low the prescription, bitter in its interior essence, con tained in the Clay adjustment, a pill sugared over by ! the hand of the great quack in order to deceive the patient, and gain the credit with the people of being a mighty doctor ? If the North desires that the blood of the Union shall not be upon her own head and that of her children, —if she does not desire to lay the torch to the temple which was founded by the patriots of 1776—if she desires not to vend in twain the veil that shades the holy of holies of American glory and American greatness, let her abstain from any farther iuterference with the institution of slavery. The grave of the Union may already have been dug.— Can the victim be withheld from the gaping mouth of the tomb ? Upon the conduct of the North de pends this momentous question. The gallant sons of the South are ready to bury their last drop of blood ! along with the Union before they will submit to any | farther aggression, any farther usurpation of their rights on the part of the North. Let not the Northern States say to the Southern States we are strong, aud you are weak. Our an i swer will be,we have strength enough to lay hold up | on the temple’s pillars, as did Sampson, and bury • you, with ourselves, in one grand ruin, if we cannot : prevent you, in any other way, from mocking our rights, and reviling o*ir weakness. CATO. [correspondence of the southern sentinel.] Okefenokee, July 16, 1850. Dear Chambers : I promised you when I left home, that after I had been here long enough to ex amine this second edition of the Great Dismal Swamp, to give you some description of it. I have been in it and around it for the last six weeks, and have not explored the tenth part of it. I am, how ever, perfectly satisfied that the opinion I have long entertained is correct —that it is a vast basin and thickly timbered, and that the outlets to tlie swamp have become partially stopped up by timber, which has caused some hundred thousand acres of land to be overflowed the greater part of the year. This has destroyed in the lowest places all the timber.— The whole swamp is full of pine and cypress islands, and one, Floyd's Island, has a great deal of live oak. Some of tlie islands are said to be pine islands, eover ered with saw palmetto. A large portion of it is open savanna, covered with grass, moss and lotus, or bon net flower. The lotus is only found in the winter. Among the lotus are fish and alligators arid summer ; ducks. Some of the pine and cypress islands are : heavily timbered and appear to be very rich. The margin of the swamp is generally, so far as I have seen, covered with loblolly pine, bypress, bay and briers; and in some places the undergrowth is principally huckleberry, and that so thick, you cannot see your length, and Goston could not See one-half of b.s. You may form some idea of tile undergrowth when I tell you that it is no uncommon thing for two hands, with huge hooks, hatchets and large knives, to be a whole day cutting a mile open enough for the chain carriers to pass. Out of the swamp the country is generally poor, flat piney woods. From Elliott’s Mound to the Suwanne, there is but one house, and three days ago the road was 30 miles without watel*. We get ours in the ponds and bay tbickdts, and most invariably have a contest with the moccasins about our respective rights. We killed so many at our two last camps, that they became so | offensive we had to abandon the camps, and I shall | have to leave this if I kill a few more. I thought when I left home I would keep an ac count of the number we killed, but I soon found it took up too much time, so I need only count the large rattle snakes, —of these we have found none very large— six and a half feet being the largest. It had 17 eggs, as large as lien eggs. The swamp is full of bear, panthers, deer, &e., but we have no time to hunt.— I prepared for fi=hing, but the St. Mary’s has dried up, except a few holes, and I can step over the Su wannee. Thousands of fish have perished for the i want of water. In speaking of the decayed timber in the swamp, | I forgot to mention that in the middle of the largest 1 savannas, where you scarcely see a stump, it is one | mass of logs, as far down as we could ford the Jacob ; staff’. May it not some day become a vast coal field 1 The few persons that reside near the swamp think it will never be of any value. I differ with them ; I believe it will some day be worth more than any county in the Slat ‘. I have no doubt of there being sufficient fail in the Suwannee and St. Mary’s to 1 enable a wealthy company to drain the entire swamp | for one-tentli of its value when drained. Almost every acre could be cultivated and a great deal of it is rich reypress swamp, and when dry, finely adapted to the | culture of sugar-cane or cotton. A gentleman in this ! neighborhood made more than 2000 lbs. beautiful ; sugar to the acre. The deepest parts of the swamp might possibly be. cultivated in vice. There is a high pine island 1 intend to buy for negro quart .rsYor the rice and sugar planters. Since writing the above, one of our hands has been bit by a large moccasin, that bit through a thick nc ! gro shoe. He was soon cured with hartshorn and bathing in cold water. Abundant as the snakes are ! they are not so annoying as the flics. One kind are : in the horses from morning until the lrglit, and a : small kind, called the doer fly, annoy us very much ; i the bite is almost as severe as the sting of a small i , ° | yellow wasp that are found here. There is but one remedy for the flics : that is a mixture of alligator oil, sulphur and spirits of turpentine. To this we sometimes add assafeedeta. Mix the whole, and grease your face and hands well, and you arc safe un | til it dies off’. Stinging scorpions, called here centi pedes, are abundant, and I have seen an old one completely covered with young ones. I have often heard that black snakes killed the rattlesnakes, but never knew it until we came here. We found a small black snake swallowing a rattle snake much larger than himself. To aid him in his undertaking we chopped the rattlesnake in two, supposing he could manage one-lialf. It has been very dry and generally cool, until with in a few days past. Crops have suffered much; not more than two thirds of a corn crop can be made.— Cotton looks better. They plant no short staple here—and not much long—they rely mostly on their j stock for a support. A man who does not own a i slave sometimes owns 500 head of cattle. When I | get through with my explorations I will give you a | further account of this place. T. [.NEW YORK CORRESfONDKNCE.] New York, July 22, 1850. ! Terrific Hurricane—Damage in Ncie York and the i adjoining Country—lnfluence of the Weather— ; New York Stenches—Emigration to the Green Fields—The Cholera in New York and other Cities—Obsequies in honor of the late President — The Cabinet Appointments —Triumph of the At lantic—Model of the. Remington Bridge—Re port of Committee on the Hague St. Explosion — New Publications , cj-r. Decidedly the most stirring event of the past week has been a terrific hurricane which visited this city and the adjoining places on last Thursday and Friday. About 12 o’clock, Thursday night, the wind, winch had been somewhat violent through the afternoon and evening, increased with fear ful power, and the rain descended in torrents. A fearful hurricane was the result, which continued all j night, and with slightly moderated violence j throughout the whole of Friday. Much damage j was done in the city; awnings, scuttle-covers, chim neys, signs, roofs, and trees, were swept along by the destroyer in horrible confusion ; the iron awning posts in Broadway bent like reeds, or snapped like pipe stems ; and one who beheld the scene of destruction the ensuing morning, would have fancied that a vic torious Don Quixotte had been tilting at these inan • imate objects of his wrath. Several houses in the upper part of the city were prostrated. The roof of one of the unfinished toxvevs of Dr. Tyng’s splendid new church in Sixteenth street, was razed by the j wind, and striking the roof of the main building in its course, did considerable injury. The new In stitution of the Blind, used as a manufactory and sales-room, also had its roof crushed; the entire cov ering fell into the dormitories, where some twenty five of the inmates were sleeping at the time ; fortu nately all but one escaped without injury. The damage in the harbor was very great; several small vessels were wrecked ; a number of steamboats were more or less injured, some of them being a total loss. The mails from fill directions bring us intelligence that the disastrous storm was not confined to New York; great damage has been done in all parts of the country. In New Jersey, and the West of the State the crops have suffered much; the trees in some neighborhoods have been entirely stripped of fruit. That worthy individual, “the oldest inhabi tant,” does not recollect so destructive a storm as this. Who can explain the mysterious influence which ! the weather exerts on the mind and spirits ? There is a magnetism about it, regarding which scepticism is inadmissible. The cold November bowlings of the wind, last week, froze the very blood, and, while they involuntarily brought associations of overcoats and anthracite, plunged* the soul into a “winter of discontent” more grievous to be borne than chilblains and influenza. But how soon did the blessed sun, i when he appeared on Saturday, dissipate the spiritual I fog! Even the flowers felt his vivifying influence, and all Nature seemed happy. The weather since has been pleasantly warm. Multitudes are now daily exchanging the smoky atmosphere, dusty in halations,villainous stenches,and unwholesome carbon of the city, for the green fields, odorous clover-scent, atrd the invigorating unalloyed ether of the country. Coleridge, snuffing the poisonous gases of a London gutter, once said that he could therein discover no less than seventy different component stenches; our nose is not as scientifically analytic as this, but we smell enough in compassing one New’ York block, to make uS pray that our nostrils may be ob livious forever, and that we may soon enjoy the elv seum of pure atmosphere. This seems to be the pre vailing passion of our New York multitude just now; every conveyance that leads from the metrop olis is filled; the upper ten making for Saratoga, i Newport, and other fashionable resorts, white the ! less vapory, and comfort-loving, content themselves with the more private and pleasant rural retreats with which the adjoining country abounds. The i farm-houses within the circuit ot a hundred miles are filled with boarders; it is computed that at least a hundred thousand of the inhabitants of this city seek a temporary country residence in the summer. The health of the city continues good ; the report lately spread that several cases of cholera had oc- I curred here is without foundation. Several eases have been reported at Philadelphia; and by tele graph this morning we learn that at Nashville there | were four deaths from cholera on the 12th inst.; at ; Louisville forty-seven deaths from this disease during J the week ending the 14th inst.; at St. Louis nineteen j deaths on 19ih inst.; at Cincinnati, fifty-sewn deaths j on the 18th and 19th insts. It will be seen from this that the ravages of the epidemic have not entirely ceased. To-day a procession takes place at Brooklyn in honor of our late President’s memory ; to-morrow is appointed for the obsequies in this city. Prepara tions have been made on an extensive scale by our Common Council, and the display will be one ot un wonted magnificence. David Graham is to be the orator, and the Harmonic Society are to perform a Requiem Chorus from Handel’s Oratorio of Judas Maccaboeus, “Mourn, ye Afflicted Children.” i News of the Cabinet appointments has just reach ed this city ; while most of them give satisfaction to the party, that of Post Master General is universally unpopular. Mr. Fillmore ought to have made no ap pointment from his own State; Now 5 ork has enough in the President. Moreover, Mr. Hall is a !*nan of no general, and very little local reputation ; i his sole recommendation to the post seems to have | been bis intimacy with Mr. Fillmore. ‘Die steamship Atlantic arrived at her wharf yes : terday morning, having made the quickest passage i from Liverpool on record—ten days and fifteen hours ! from dock to dock. This triumph of the mechanical skill of our countrymen must be gratifying to every | American. John Bull has to yield to Brother ,lon ; atlian, nolens volens. Peculiarly galling must be this precedence upon the ocean, so long the element j of Britain’s peculiar glory. Avery interesting object is now being exhibited to the New York public in a model of the Remington Bridge, the discovery of which, and the circum stances connected therewith, you will recollect, were widely made the subject of newspaper comment last fall. The model is 186 feet long, and is suspended about five feet from the floor. The abutments are frameworks of wood, firmly braced by diagonal j props. On these are stretched four stringers, three ! inches thick at the abutments, and only one in the • centre. Across these are nailed slight wooden slats, ’ over which a carpet is placed. The slightness of the i structure can hardly be conceived. It appears as if ! it could not. sustain its own weight, and yet it tv ill i bear securely as many persons as can get upon it.— | The secret, of this great strength lies in the fact that | the strain is applied lengthwise or with the fibre. The Committee on the Relief of Sufferers by the late Hague St. Explosion, have completed their dis -1 tribution of the funds, and submitted a detailed re | port to the Common Council. Contributions had been ; made to the amount of 827,000.68: the committee have performed their difficult task in the most satis | factory manner, proportioning the amount given in : each case to the emergencies of the recipients. ; The Appletons Imre published Miss Sewell’s new novel, “The Earl’s Daughter,” also “The Very Age,” j a comedy by Mr. Gould. The Harpers are issuing ! Milman’s Gibbon’s Rome, an excellent, and at the j same time, low priced edition. YVe would particularly ask the attention of your i readers to the publications of Messrs. Tallis, Wil i loughby A Cos., of 46 Vescy st., N. Y. These gen- I tlemen are agents for several serial London publica | tions, among which we must mention Fleetwood’s | “Life of Christ.” Full of pious devotion, and ! marked by all the acute scholarship and profound re ! search of its author, we regard it as one of the most | valuable editions-to the sacred literature of our eom | ir.on country. It is issued in a corresponding style, l the form, paper and typography being most dtsira | ble. It is splendidly illustrated by a series of original j designs, engraved in the best style known to the | art; the costume and all characteristics of time and i place being strictly adhered to. The work is to be i completed in twenty-five quarto parts, at twenty-five j cents each. The same house issued on Saturday last the first number of the works of Shakspeare, in a style of magnificence hitherto unequalled. A historical intro duction, explanatory notes, a biography of the poet, and an essay on his metre, combine to render this the most valuable edition we have seen. It is splendidly illustrated by original engravings on steel. Those who desire to add the works of the immortal bard to their libraries, we advise by all means to procure this edition. p. Q. J YANKEE CORRESPONDENCE.] Boston, July 21, 1850. Professor Webster—City of Boston—Storm—En glish Mails, <s-c. The town talk at present, is the fate of Professor Webster. The petition addressed to the govern ment for a commutation of the sentence pronounced upon him, lias failed, and the law must take its courts. He is to die on the 30th of August, just nine months from the day he was arrested. In the justice of the j sentence the newspapers generally concur. There : are a few who would not. inflict- the penalty of death ; for murder, but all agree that, to uphold the law of ; Massachusetts, as it is, it is necessary that the miser j able man should die. What is most dreary of all, ; the convict Iriinself has not the sympathy of any one. His conduct has been so full of falsehood, that the feelings of society have shrunk from him, and he is completely alone in his cell—if I except the strong ties that bind to him, still, his poor wife and daugh ters. The Committe of Pardons saw nothin” in the representations of those who pleaded for commuta tion of punishment, to countervail the deliberate ver dict of the jury, and the Governor, iu his statement to the council, expresses himself to the same effect. He says, in recapitulation : “It is undisputed, that on the 23d day of November, 1849, John White Webster, a professor in Harvard Uni versity. and in the Medical College in Bo ton, did at mid day in his room, in that college, within a few feet of the place where he daily stood and delivered scientific lec tures to a large class of young men, with unlawful vio lence take tho life of Dr. George Parkman, a respectable citizen of Boston, who had come to that room at the re peated requests of the prisoner; that after taking his life he eviscerated,and in a manner mo.-t shocking to human ity, mutilated the body of his victim, burning parte of it in a furnace, and depositing other parts of it in different places in the building, where they were found by persons who were seeking after Dr. Parkman ; that after killing him, he robbed his lifeless creditor, by taking from him two notes of hand, signed by himself, to which he had no right, and committed still another crime by making false marks upon those notes, and that a Jury of his county j empanelled according to law, under the direction of four of the five eminent Judges constituting the Supreme Court of Massachusetts, after a long, patient and impar tial trial, and after hearing in his defence the arguments of learned and eloquent counsel, upon their oaths, found him guilty ot murder.’’ The unfortunate man is, therefore, left to undergo the extreme sentence of the law. lie reemed to have been prepared tor this decision, which he first learned from the evening papers with which he was furnished. His demeanor was calm. Ilis wife and daughters had an interview with him next day, (last Lriday.) I hear that he expressed a wish that an early day might be fixed for his death, and that his family might be left in ignorance of it, till it should have passed. For a long time, and particularly since his confession, his unhappy family have not looked at the public papers. God help them 1 the tone of these was terribly unfavorable to the unfortunate convict. There is another murderer to suffer near this city. His name is Pearson, and his crime, the killing of his wife and two of his children, in the night, in the city of Lowell. He pretended insanity after his sen tence, and put the strongest faith in the assurances of some of his friends, that the opponents of capital punishment would get his punishment commuted. He made a confession, too. It was to the effect that he gave a man SSO to commit the deed, and stood by himself, to see it done! lie shrinks from his doom, with a sort of incredulous horror. But, he is to die, next Friday, at East Cambridge jail. Attempts have also been made to defeat Pearson's sentence —though he has not excited one-tenth of the sympathy that people have exhibited for Webster. But, it is easily seen how the convicts exercised an unfavorable influ ence, each upon the fate of the other. It one had his sentence commuted, the other should have his commuted, likewise, and vice versa. The city of Boston continues to be remarkably healthv. Showers fall very frequently, and the tem perature of the air and the state of vegetation are im proved thereby. In New York, a very severe elbttii began last Thursday, and blew for twenty-four hours with great fury. In the public squares and in the I Park many trees were blown down, and the awn | ings in Broadway and the Bowery were torn in tha most astonishing way. At Brooklyn and New Jer j sey houses and trees were prostrated, and ships forced to drag their anchors. The oldest inhabitant came out into the street and said he never saw the | like tor thirty years at least. We felt a little of the turmoil here, but chiefly in the shape of rain, which was not unwelcome. It was also felt in Philadelphia and Baltimore, and the telegraph lines between New 1 ork and Washington were severed by falling trees; I see by the English mails that Sir Robert Peel was killed in London on the 29th ult. by a fall from his horse. Sir Robert was once a high Tory—a great man among the conservatives of the nation. ! But lie was also something more. He was a man who recognized the spirit of the age, and obeyed it, when lie could not control it. It was remarkable to find that the man most looked up to, and depended on, by the aristocracy of England, should bo the very one to effect two of the most important innovations in its policy. He conceded Catholic emancipation in | 1829. In IS 17 he annihilated the old Corn Laws,and j established the system of Fre*eTrade—a system against | which the peerage of England has made and is making i the most horrible outcries. lie was called a trim i oner; and so he was. A pilot, at his helm, is noth ing but a trimmer. He is not fool enough to steer his ship in the angiy wind’s ove. It was much tho same with Peel. He had his predilections as a To ry and the head of the Tories; but he could see the wind, while his bigoted followers, or supporters, could not, or would not; and the “pressure from without”—a strong sense of what was due to the age and the progress of society—determined him in his great measures. In all this, lie rather followed the popular will than led it. But it is great praise to say that be was the man to follow it, and consum mate it, rather than fight against it, as others would have done. It is better, in fact, that legislators should | rather respect the popular tendencies, than try to mould them in an arbitrary way. Sir Robert lattcr | ly sided with Lord John Russell in his Whig meas : ures, and by this means did a great deal to obliterate j the old barriers and landmarks that aforetime distin guished Whig and Tory. He was one of the richest men in England—his income was thought to be about $200,000 a year—not nominal, on a rent roll, but real. He was a great patron of literature and the arts—a perfect Maecenas, and his houses were fur nished with the finest pictures of the ancient and modern masters, and the most exquisite sculptures. When poor Hay don, the eccentric painter, cut his throat a few years ago, under circumstances of great poverty, a kind letter from Sir Robert, in which he had enclosed £SO, ($250) was found among the pa pers of the suicide. This and many things of the kind neutralized a good deal of the opprobrium flung by the Tory press upon the politician who betrayed the cause of the aristocracy. In the present inse cure condition of the Russell ministry, Sir Robert was considered likely to come into power, in a short time. Sed Diis aliter visum. He, and our own Calhoun and Taylor, if they meet in the world of shadows, will doubtless be in a condition to smile at the uncertainty of human expectations, and the little ness of state-craft and human greatness. I wish Fou tenelle were alive to write another chapter of tb.e Dialogues of the Dead—these three distinguished men of our own times being the interlocutors. There is a talk in this city about making Mr. Win throp Secretary of State instead of Webster. There j is a multiplicity of those talk germane to the | matter of Congress and Cabinet, with which I should | be sorry to overwhelm you, particularly in hot weath ;er like this. All I shall communicate to you, in this connection, is, that “we shall Ree what we shall see,” to which you have no objection, of course. The Howard Athenaeum theatre, in this city, has been leased, for three years, by William B. English and B. Baker. Our city fathers being in debt, have taken it into their heads to sell our Public Garden for building, which we think is a very unfatberly thing. \\ e want all the “vegetable puncheons” and ventila tors we can compass, in this terribly treeless place, and will roar the proposition down. A magnificent hotel, cost $200,000, is about to be built at the Niag ara Falls. Lake Champlain is to be bridged over, near the Canada line ; the Italians of New York are making preparations to receive Garibaldi, now on his way to this country; Mr. Bond, of the Cambridge ob servatory, has taken a daguerreotype of the star Ly ra; the Boston Transcript has got an apparatus j “hioh prints six thousand sheets per hour, and then | f°l Js them neatly for distribution ; a Down East Yan kec has invented a machine for milking cotvs, ex j trading a quart pev minute, with great ease and com \ fort to Crummie’a feelings. This is the pic-nic season here. Parties of from j fift y t° fire hundred people, ladies and gentlemen, make railway excursions into the country, and enjov : themselves with feasting, singing, toasting, speeching ; and dancing, on green grass, under spreading trees— j su b tegminc fagi. Parties also go to various pleas ; a,l t places in the various steamers that churn the old Bay, and rejoice in their twelve hours’ parenthesis of I pleasure, in the midst of so much work, on this sun ! burnt peninsula. YANKEE DOODLE. j Cotton Grasshopper. — A planter in this : neighborhood informed us, a day or two since, i that immense quantities ot variously colored | grasshoppers are depredating on the cotton fields south and east of this place. Such an irruption has never been known before. The ravages of the insect are represented as being seriously des tructive.”—Chambers Tribune, (Lafayette Ala.) July 26th. PUBLIC MEETING. Louisa, Chappeli,, ) Stewart County, July 25, 1850. $ According to previous notice, a number of the citizens of the Western part of Stewart county, met at this place to-day, Maj. Asbury Cowles was called to the Chair, and C. Smith and John B. Gilbert appointed Secretaries.'— Judge Thos. Gilbert was called on to explain the object of the meeting, who responded briefly but in an appropriate manner, stating that we had met for the purpose of conferring together as to the best policy to be pursued by the South in reference to the great question which now ex. cites the nation. After a few cheering addresses in favor of the Missouri Compromise, the follow ing resolutions were unanimously adopted. Ist. Resolved, That we heartily concur with’ our fellow citizens of Muscogee county, in the adoption of their resolutions of the l l 6th itisfant, and we cordially invite them to meet us in: Lumpkin on the first Tuesday in August next. 2d. Resoloed, That we’ record our names eith. er for or against the Missouri Compromise. 3d. Resolved, That the proceedings of this