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from i* th ,! / had resolved never to recede one inch!” And how did General Washington, (tresit from the most authentic readings of the Constitution, and surrounded by as emi nent a cabinet as ever adorned the counsels of this eountrv,) deal with this lofty and high toned menace? Did ho issue his proclama tion, threatening the State with military re cti,Jut or coercion ? JV o’ he. Did he deny t o the State the right of secession, or the right of jitdg’rig of the fit occasion for its exercise? ‘{either and never. The action he took con ceded both rights fully, lie addressed him self wholly to the affections and interests of Kentucky” to induce her to postpone her ac tion,, find, through hi- parental councils, saved ihe .f nion fiom impending dismemberment. In the words of the eminent citizen just re ferred *t >, “Col. James Innis, of Virginia, clothyd with authority from President Wash- disclose the state of the negotia- with Spain, on the interesting subject wldqlt agitated the public feeling in Kentucky, repaired to the eapitol of that State, opened a correspondence with the Governor, gave satisfactory explanations to the Legislature, succeeded in the important object of lita mission.” ‘•fO man of sound sentiments and skilled in the counsels of statesmanship, has ever read General W ashington’s Farewell Address with .a tvVkv.of the profound thought employed in it: and doubted of his sentiments ns to secession being the ultimate and the rightful remedy for all the ills of union the Styles fire heirs to—after all other expedients have .been resorted to and have failed of re (lress. ‘i'iie parental solicitude displayed by “flu: Falla r of his Country” for theperpe (nih/ of the Union has been the theme of the puljjp applauses and grateful remembrances of &ueh of the generations which have borne the burthen of life, since that inestimable be <jusst was made to his country. Shallow which have never reached tlie depth of t!:(|fe profound thoughts and disturbing ap prehensions of the future, which swayed his ( actions and solid understanding, have paus ed-aid wondered at the circumstance, that he should never have said a word in the ad dress,.nor cautioned his countrymen against tlie* - stealthy and perilous workings of trka so.x, the greatest of the crimes op States. — This has ever proven the (b adly bane and epidemic through which all othergovemments but ours have met their fate and their fali, “in their day and generation.” To the mind of Washington, there were sound and satisfac tory reasons for. so noble a silence. One of these was, that the Constitution had already conferred .upon Congress ample powers to provide for the prosecution and punishment of treason, as well as of counterfeiting, pira cy, offences against the law of nations, and ( fall other felonies known to the Constitution and.laws, and tlie terror of punishment was more effective than counsels for men prone to become either traitors or felons. Another reason was, that Washington had no dread wterttverof the Union being overthrown by in aeon or any other crime which individuals , ami in tlieir private capacities alone, could conduit; and these are the only crimes of which the Constitution takes notice, or de nounces and punishes. No sir! none of these things gave his patriotic heart a thought ora care. ‘Hie imminent perils of State which el hr,bed the contemplation of his calm and excellent mind, and weighed it down and aroused its alarms, related to contingencies, which, happen when they might, would be no < ;i;ncs at all; and had they been, were be- V 1 ;-’ ---"Rilction of the Constitution, and which taut instrument,,, prevent or restrain or to punish, had no where forbidden, but on the contrary, the contin gences he deprecated and deplored, derived choir whole authorization from the compact of Union itself; and thus the remedy, like the. disease, rested exclusively with the States fflio were parties to that compact! Wash ington’s apprehensions touching the safety of the Union had their origin in causes far deep er and vaster than treason, or any other c.r'iinc known to the laws. Ho confidingly trusted, that the people’s spontaneous love of the Union would always preserve it from any assaults from the masses, and as to the few aspiring and turbulent spirits, dispersed pro miscuously through the Union, who might traitorously meditate its overthrow, he did not doubt, but that the terrors of the law and its effective administration would amply pro tect it against all assaults from these sources. No,sir! The far-reaching sagacity of George W ashington, which looked quite through the j motives and designs of men, foresaw in the slavery institution, in the distinctive geograph ical partitions which sundered the free from the slave States, in the rapider growth of the fQVmer than the latter through foreign migra tion, in the temptations and tendencies to en croachments from the North upon the rights of tlie South, the imminent danger there were, of the formation of parties upon geographi cal lines, the raising of sectional issues, and (lie growth, the spread, and the intensity of i kettional jealousies. In all this he predicted while lie deplored the cama-causans of an Eventual disruption of the Union. He saw mat the Federal Constitution had not provi ded-, nor could have provided, any means of prevention against such a calamity, hut through the total destruction of tlie State ; sovereignties, the expunctiou of the right of ; Utate secession, and the absolute consolida- I .fciuu and centralization of the government!— ! Regarding these as leading directly and in- I -c.vitahly to the establishment of a central de- j Egotism, and the destruction of tlie public liberties, ho deemed them to be infinitely I worse than a dissolution of the Union itself, and seeing no other salvation for that, but in the sound and enduring affections and com mon interests of the people of the States, to |tlfcse he addressed himself, and with a power miid pathos which no true-hearted patriot ev er read and forgot! That great and good man was not mistaken! The crisis ho so portrayed and deplored is present, with us now! Who is there but realizes how true wer,e his prediiictions, how conservative his counsels! Would to God! they had been as widely heeded,as they have been intensely felt! Yet even vow, and in this alarming crisis of our destinies, it is not too late! The power is ample and tlie responsibility is great, and the free States are the sole depositories of both! Never since the world began, did any body of men have the means of impart iug tranquility and joy to the bosoms of so ! many millions of men upon easier terms. The •South begrudges the North nothing, and wants nothing that is hers ; all she wants is her own, and ail she claims is justice, equal rights, and the Constitution as it is written!— Give her these, and vouchsafe her these, and doomsday may come and find us one people! What say you m nos tlie North —is not the blessing worth the boon? Yes, or. No! RANDOLPH, OF ROANOKE. O Cr A Dutchman once wanted to wed a widow, and his manner of making known his ’ feelings was as follows: “If you ish content to get a potter for a 1 worse, to be happy for a miserable, and if you shmokes and drinks ale, I shall take you lor no potter and much worse. ’ L pon which the lady said—“ Yaw.” Un gallant.—At the 4th of July celebra tion in Columbus, the following toast, among j others, was drank : “Woman —God bless her—fair, frail and fickle —but still, God bless her.” Friend Jones, prepare your self to hear bad news. My gracious ! speak ! what is it ? Your wife is dead. Oh, dear, how you frightened me! I thought my house was burned down. SOUTHERN SENTINEL. COLUMBUS, GEORGIA: THURSDAY MORNING, AUG. 29, 1850. To Correspondents. —“E. S. R.” is on file for publication next week. “Lenox” lias mistaken his calling. He was not born a poet, and we have not much hope that he will ever be made one. “Hamp den” is under consideration. ET lions. J. L. Orr, M. J. Wellborn and Tlu j A. Haralson, have our thanks for congressional j speeches and other documents. De Row's Review.—Tiie August number, which : the Editor informs us has been delayed by an accident, j has just been received. The contents are as fol | lows : I. Government of British India, by W. Adam, Esq. 11. Commerce of the Red Sea and the East, by Emanuel Weiss. 111. National Vanity, by Z. IV. Monctte's “Early Spirit of the West,” review ed by Mason Butler. V. The Baron Humboldt's Cosmos, by Prof. C. G. Forshey, of N. O. VI. Supposititious Reviews, by J. M. Legaro. VII. The Late Cuba Expedition, by tlie Editor. VIII. Protection of the Low Lauds of the Missis sippi, No. 2, by J. G. Barnard. IX. Slavery—-Mr. Calhoun’s Letter to Mr. King. X. Progress of the Western and Southern States. XI. Department of Agriculture. XII. Department of Manufactures. XIII. Department of Internal Improvements. XIV. Miscellaneous. XV. Editorial Department. The number before us contains 12S pages, (the usual number,) and tlie table of contents, with tlie names of the contributors, sufficiently indicates the in terest with which they are filled. Prof. De Bow is one of the most deservedly distinguished commercial writers in America, and his pen, purse and energy are all devoted to the maintaiiinnee and improve ment of this work. It should be in tlie hands of ev ery commercial man at the South. But its interest is by no means confined to the commercial reader; its pages are filled with articles of interest to plant ers, statesmen, manufacturers and professional men. The subscription price is only $5, and to the class of readers of which we have spoken, it is better worth tlie money, than any other publication in the country. Honor to whom honor, &e.—We last week call ed the attention of the health officers to a nuisance, in the shape of a frog pond, on Oglethorpe street. We have been informed by one of the Board of .Health, that this and similar nuisances have been brought to the notice of the Council, and that not one step has been 1 alien to abate them ! Let censure rest where it is deserved. —i\t an election held at the various pre cincts in this county on Thursday last, Capt. Wm. N. Nelson was chosen Colonel of the Muscogee Regi ment of Militia. Capi. Nelson is an officer of expe rience, having had command, for sometime, as Senior Captain, of a regiment of volunteers in the late war with Mexico, and if the present system (?) would tol erate such a tiling, we have no doubt he would prove a most efficient organizer of the militia in this county. Muscogee and Russell Agricultural Society. Yv e are requested to give notice that this associa tion will meet at tlie Society Room on Friday next (to-morrow) at 10 o’clock, a. in. Destructive Storm.—As far as we have heard from, this whole section of country was visited by a very destructive storm of wind and rain on Friday night last. Trees in large quantities are torn up by the roots, and the timber blown down in tlie corn and cotton fields has done great damage to those crops.— The cotton stalks where they were at all luxuriant, or loaded with fruit, were twisted almost from the ground, not only to the great injury of the cotton that was open, but leaving the weed in a very precarious condition. We understand that South of this, sever al houses were blown to the ground. Tlie damage to the crop cannot be estimated, but it is undoubted ly very considerable. The State Fair. Among the premiums awarded at the State Fair, held at Atlanta, the 14th and 15th inst., we ob serve the following to the ladies and gentlemen of Columbus: For the best cotton gin, to E. T. Taylor & Cos., $lO. To Geo. Jones, for a specimen of wheat. $lO. —(This was a fine specimen of. white wheat weighing sixty-eight pounds to the bushel.) For a specimen of wine, to C. A. J’eabodv, a silver cup.— The committee pronounced this the finest specimen of native wine that had ever fallen under, their notice. Superior water buckets, to R. G. .Jefferson, (the Troy Wooden Ware Cos.) $5. For specimens of rope, yarn, sewing thread and balls, from the Home Factory, a silver cup. For specimens of shirting, sheeting and osnaburghs, from the .Howard Factory, $5. For a fine specimen of iinsey, from the Coweta Factory, $5. For a silk quilt, by Mrs. F. Wilkins, an honor. For a beautiful wrought shell work piano I cover, by Mrs. John A. Urquhart, a silver cup. For a piano cover, wrought in birds and flowers, by Mrs. Jas. F. Winter, a diploma. For a beautifully eo vevered ottoman stand, by Mrs. Davis Mulford, a silver cup. For a pair of ottoman covers, raised work, wrought in crewel, by Mrs. R. Bennett, a silver 1 medal. For a beautiful raised work pin cushion, by j Mrs. E. V> . Starr, a diploma. For beautiful spe cimens of braided hair, by Master Theodore FoglE. ! a silver medal. For an embroidered picture, by Miss M. L. Slade, a silver medal. For a stand cover, raised work, l.y Miss 3M. J. Woodruff, a silver medal. For a raised work lamp stand mat, by Miss Adelaide Johnson, a diploma. For a Patch Quilt, by Mrs. M. D. Shaw, a premium and $3, and for another, an honor. 1-or a fine specimen of oil painting, by Mrs. John A. Urquiiart, first premium, $lO. Fora beautiful picture, by Miss J ane Dixon, an honor. For a beautiful picture, by Miss Mary Nuckolls, a silver medal. Three pictures in oil, by Master George Maugham, a silver cup. For paintings, by Misses Slade, an honor. For the Flag of the Muscogee and Russell Agricultural Society, painted by Miss Jane Dixon, a silver cup. For the Tent Os the Muscogee and Russell delegation, a silver cup. Georgia Asylum lor the Deaf and Dumb. We have received the First Annual Retort of the commissioners for this institution, located at Cave Spring, Floyd county, Ga. In 1534 Mr. Weld, the Principal of the American Asylum at Hartford, Conn., visited this State for the purpose of awa kening an interest on the subject of educating deaf mutes. lie succeeded in getting an appropria tion from the Legblature of $4,500. This was the origin of the movement which has resulted in the present establishment. It is now well organized, pro per buildings have been erected, a competent board of instruction provided, and the efficient services of Mr. Oliver P. Fannin, secured as Principal. Mr. F. is a gentleman of finished education, and peculiarly ad apted in moral qualifications for the responsible and benevolent work in which he is engaged. Under his care, the institution must prosper. There are at present twenty-one pupils in the school, and judging by some very interesting specimens of composition, appended to the report, they are making a progress truly astonishing in the elementary branches of an English education. The Mass Meeting at Macon. — We have not room this week for the proceedings of the meeting. The Resolutions adopted were strong, spirited and to the point. The number in attendance is variously estimated at from 2,500 to 6,000. O’ It is finally ascertained that the majority against Benton, in the Missouri Legislature, is thirty five. The Texas Boundary Bill.— The Washington Union of Sunday says, so strong is the feeling of t opposition to this Bill, on the part of the Northern and Southern Extremists, even the “Moderates” are beginning to give away. The Editor is assured that this Bill, if it be pressed first, will be lost by twenty votes. Tiie State of New Mexico! —Dr. Henry Cox noly has been elected Governor, and Emanuel Al varez Lieut. Governor of the new State. Maj. R. -11. Whitman, and Maj. T. A. Cunningham, have been elected U. S. Senators. Large Ratification Meeting. —The Mississip pian of the 16th inst. contains a call of the friends of the Nashville convention, for a ratification meeting, signed by 3‘JB names, and for want of space; 150 names are omitted. Highly Important Irom Washington l We find in the correspondence of the N. V. Her ald, from Washington, the following very interesting and startling piece of intelligence : “The democracy of Georgia is divided on the subject of selecting a candidate to run for Governor of the State. The Union men are in favor of running Mr. Speaker Cobb, while the fire-eaters arc for running Mi. ox-Sen ator Colquitt.” This may be taken as a pretty fair specimen of “Washington Correspondence.” The professional letter writer at Washington is equally noted for the readiness and the ingenuity with which lie manufac tures news. lie is paid to give the u dolsf and if they are not to be had otherwise, he invents them. Os eourse, the author of the paragraph above, never heard of such a thing as lie there publishes. lie was short of material, and this report would do as well as any tiling else, to fill out bis letter. The Position of Georgia. The eyes of public men in every section of the Un ion are turned to the position which our State is to as sume in the present crisis. The action of her last Legislature has placed her in the van of the move ment, and such is (he relation which she now sustains to the other Southern States and to the Union, that it may very certainly be predicted, “as goes Georgia, so goes the South.” The position is a proud one ; it is an unenviable one, because it is the most responsi ble which has ever yet devolved upon any State in the confederacy. What shall Georgia do ? The question comes home to every man whose vote may help to decide her course at the ballot box. It is one which he should weigh well, and having determined the path of duty, he should firmly plant his feet there, uncaring consequences. It is time the people should b<>£iu to make up their minds on this question. If we have not misinterpreted an- nupon or inc tunes, tlie crisis is fast approaching, and we should be prepared for it. There is very little doubt now that we shall soon witness the happening of one of those contingen ces upon which it is made the duty of the Governor to assemble a convention of tlw people of Georgia for the purpose of determining the mode and measure of redress. There is but one mode of redress when that contingency shall have happened, and that is seces sion from the Union. The question for the people to determinine is, shall Georgia secede, if California is admitted as a State with her present boundaries and constitution ? For our own part, we have con sidered this matter well; we have endeavored to di vest its consideration of every thing like passion or prejudice, and have determined our position solely with honest reference to tliu honor, the interests and the duty- of tlie South. We have taken this position, and we intend to maintain it. until the South has hon ored her cause in victory, or disgraced her name in submission. e know that those whom we regret to call our opponents, have painted a gloomy future to secession. We believe they- have permitted their fears rather than their judgement to sketch the pic ture, but wlmt if their predictions be true ? Are men to be driven from a position assumed in honest obedience to principle, from a servile fear of tlie con sequences ? It may be high-minded conservatism in politics to do so, but he who acts upon this plan in every day life, deservedly wears the brand of Cow ard. But tlie horrors of disunion is a miserable bug-bear. Who is going to make war upon the South for seceding from the Union? The North? 4\ hat would she gain, nay-, what would she not lose by- it ? V ould she attempt to coerce the South back into the Union ? Me do not believe there is a sensi ble man in the Union who would answer this question affirmatively. Then who is going to make war up on us ? TV hose throats would shed the “oceans of blood” through which wo are told we will have to wade to disunion ? But we are appealed to by- our love of the L r nion, by our veneration for the good and great names of better days, and by our devotion to the u stars and stripes ,” not to dissolve the Government. The ap peal should be made to our oppressors and not to us. Ihe same appeal, with as much propriety, might have been made in 1770, to the memorable struggles of the people of England for their rights. Our own more recent contest for freedom, speaks in thunder tones, in reprobation of the very- course to which we are now invited. How much more intolerable are the outrages now imposed by- the North upon the South, than were the grievances for which our forefathers then went to war ? It lias been said that they took up arms for a preamble ; certainly it was a contest for principles not more sacred than are those involv ed in the present sectional controversy, and are we to be told that Georgia will falter in her devotion to those principles ? We can not believe it. nor will we, until we are compelled to hang our head in humilia ting acknowledgement of the fact. “A few months since the ultraists and disorganizes of the South, were loud in their denunciations of the leg islation of Congress on the subject of slavery. No epi thet was too coarse or opprobrious to be applied to this journal for maintaining the position that it was the duty of Congress to so legislate in reference to the conquer ed territories as to make them free to all citizens of the Union with their property—in other words to repeal the laws of Jiexieo which abolished slavery-.” Tlie Chronicle Sentinel of the 21st selects the I ersatile Editor” as his text, and preaches his read ers a sermon on consistency. Tlie paragraph which we have chosen as our text, is a part of that sermon, and we venture that as a specimen of the most complete inconsistency, it is scarcely to be rivalled even in the columns of that very- versatile sheet. Tlie Chronicle <s■ Sentinel “maintained the position that it was the duty of Congress so to legislate in reference to the conquered territories as to make them free to all citi zens of the Union with their property—in other words to repeal the laws of Mexico which abolished slavery,” and it maintained this opinion just long enough to excite the general apprehensions of tlie people that there might be sonic truth in its position, and thereby effectually to restrain all emigration from the South to those territories, and just there, when the South begins to demand that Congress shall re lieve her of this difficulty, her cause is abandoned and her champions denounced as “ultraists and dis organizers.” Are we to understand that the Chron icle cj- Scntinet has discarded its former position, or is it now willing to waive this claim upon Congress merely- for the sake of peace ? We have not yet been able to discover that feature in the Clay Com- ! promise which in this particular remedies the defect j in the Clayton Compromise of last session, and if, as the Chronicle <f- Sentinel contended, a repeal of the supposed Mexican laws against slavery was necessa ry for the protection of the South, and involved an imperative duty of Congress, how is it that we now find that journal the clamorous advocate of the Clay Compromise ? But is there really any- inconsistency in the course of those who denounced Mr. Stephens for his opposition to the Clayton Compromise, and now oppose the Clay- Compromise ? That gentleman defeated the Clayton Compromise on the pretext that it did not repeal the anti-slavery laws of Mexico which he contended were still in existence, and the Chronicle <j- Sentinel sustained him in it, while the true friends of the South opposed him. The Clay- Compromise is brought forward, and it is understood that Mr. Stephens supported it, and the Chronicle Sentinel is known to be its advocate, while the South opposes it. The bills are identical in the par ticular referred to, and yet both parties have com pletely changed their positions. Which is guilty of inconsistency- ? To answer this we must inquire into the motives which prompted them respectively.— Messrs. Stephens and Toombs, and their organ, the Chronicle if- Sentinel , were opposed to the former bill on the ground, as we have seen, that it did not sufficiently secure the rights of the South. Now un less it can be shown that the Clay- Bill supplies this defect in the other, it is manifestly inconsistent to oppose one and support the other. On the other hand, almost tlie entire South supported tlie Clayton Bill on the ground that it extended the Constitution over tlie new territories, and therefore a sufficient guaranty- of the rights of the South. Had this bill become a law thousands of Southerners would have emigrated, and carried their property with them, to that country, believing that they- would have been se cure in its enjoyment. We now oppose the Clay bill, not because we believe that the laws of Mexico are in force in the territories, but because, by the con stant reiteration of this doctrine by Messrs. Stephens and Toombs, and the Chronicle <J- Sentinel, the peo ple have been made to apprehend that those laws might still be in force, and for fear thereof, have been deterred from carrying their slave property there. Is there any consistency in this? And is there not a great deal of inconsistency on the other side? What is it that prevents such emigration to that country now ? What but the fear that they- will be deprived of their property by the laws of Mexico ?It is, there fore, as much now as before, the “duty of Congress to so legislate in reference to them as to make them free to all citizens of the Union with their property"-, in other words, to repeal the laws of Mexico abolishing slavery.” Congressional. —The Senate is engaged in the discussion of the Fugitive Slave Bill. In the House tiie Civil and Diplomatic Appropriation Bill is under consideration. Elections. North Carolina. —The returns are all in, and the result is that Reid (Dem.) is elected Governor by 3455. The Democrats have made a nett gain of Senators and Commoners, and will have a majority on joint ballot of 14. Parties stand thus: in the Sen ate, Democrats 27, Whigs 23 ;in the House, Demo crats 65, Whigs 55. Kentucky".— The Whigs have elected a majority in both branches of the Legislature. Missouri. —The probability is the Whigs have carried the State. .Ton* Darev (Whig) is elected to Congress from the Ist District. Porter (Whig) in the 2d ; Millf.r (Whig) in the 3d. Bowman (Whig) in the 4th, and Piiilps (Dem.) in the sth. So far as the returns have been received the Whigs have a majority- on joint ballot in the State Legisla ture. There is no doubt there will be a majority of anti-Benton men. Glory enough for one day-. Indiana. —The Democrats have a decided working majority* in the Legislature. Senator Bright's term will expire in 1851, and the Legislature now elected will have to choose a United States Senator. [for tiie sentinel.] Female Education in Georgia. I propose in this number to call your attention, Mr. Editor, to the Female Seminary, in Cullode-n, Mon roe county-, in this State. To use a common and significant expression, Cullodcn is “off the roads,” and it may be that few of your readers know enough of its geography to find it. It is none the worse on that account, as a location for a female school. For the mental training of youth, uninterrupted quiet, as nearly as possible, is of prime importance, and this is not to be obtained in cities or large totvns. Some inconve niences may result from a secluded position, but they are more than counterbalanced by the advantages of retirement. Cullodcn, however, though it is sufficiently remote from the attractions and excitements of the busy world, is still very accessible to those who may wish to educate their daughters there. It is thirty-two miles west of Macon, and fifteen miles south of the Macon and Western Rail Road at Barnesville. It is one of the healthiest spots in the State or the entire country, and on a ridge that divides the streams of the Gulf and the Atlantic. The water is good, the atmosphere pure, and the climate salubrious. This seminary is under the supervision of John Darby, A. M., one of the most celebrated teachers and scientific men of the South. lie was late Pro fessor in William’s College, and is a member of the American Association for the advancement of science, and of other scientific societies. Mr. Darby is not less celebrated as.a good man, than as a learned one, and while he is faithful to the mental instruc tion of his pupils, he is equally- attentive to their moral training. Ilis discipline is entirely- of a moral nature, and the Biblf. is a regular text book in his school. — The institution is a creature of his own enterprise, and w-as established about two years since. His school now numbers ninety-three, and is constantly increas ing. The board of instruction is composed of Mr. Darby as teacher of mathematics and sciences, two female teachers in tlio literary department, a female teacher in French, painting, embroidery, &c., two fe male teaeners in vocal and instrumental music, and a female teacher in penmanship. Mrs. Darby, a lady of refinement and education, has the general superintendence of the young ladies. Tlie coarse of instruction embraces as thorough a system of liberal education as is to be obtained in any-of the institutions of the country. The ancient languages, it will be 1 seen, are entirely omitted, (except at the option of j the pupil,) and we think that the course of education ‘ does not thereby suffer in general estimation. lam not prepared now to enter into a discussion of the i propriety of such an omission, but my- own opinion is ! that very little practical benefit is derived from these branches as they- are ordinarily taught in our female j schools, or, at any rate, I am very well satisfied, that I the time usually devoted to them might be more j profitably employed. In this school, in lieu of the ! ancient languages, more particular attention is paid I to the sciences. This course embraces mathematics : in all its branches, mental, moral and natural philos- i ophy, chemistry, botany, mineralogy and geology, astronomy, physiology-, and, in short, all the depart- j ments of mental, moral and physical science. These, j thoroughly taught, I think, are worth far more than | a superficial knowledge of Latin and Greek. The j course is completed in four years, and is divided into ; four terms, each term commencing on the first Mon day in October, and closing the last of July, at an ! expense of about $250 per annum, including board, ! tuition, Ac. ELIA. ‘ ‘XKW YORK CORREBPON DENCE.] New York, August 20, 1850. New Haven — Commencement, of Yale College — Meeting of the American Association for the Ad vancement of Science—Recovery of Powers’ Statue of Calhoun■ —The Census—Broadway Improvements—Relief by a Ferry — Forrest's Pro ceedings for Divorce —Marriage of Miss North all—The Theatres—New Publications , <J-c. <J-c. New Haven, our quiet neighbor, “the City of Elms,’’ lias within the past’ week had her wonted placidity disturbed by two occasions of unusual interest, the Commencement of Yale- College, and the session of the “American Association for the Advancement of Science.” At Commencement, which took place on Wednesday, the 14tb inst., a large concourse was gathered, among whom were many distinguished alumni. The chief attractions were Poems by Oliver Wendell Holmes, and Rev. John Pierpont. They were both well received, and distinguished, particular ly the former, by several successful sallies of wit. On the 19th the cars brought in a number of our scien tific men to attend, what is to them, the great event of the year, the meeting of the scientific association above named. Among those present were Professors Agassiz, Silliman, Bache, Mitchell, of the Cincinnati Observatory, Henry, of the Smithsonian Institute, Olmsted and Woolsey of Yale College. Prof. Agas siz read an essay on the “Analogy between Fishes and Mankind,” which contained much humor. Prof. Silliman delivered a treatise on “Curious Spheroidal j Structures;” Prof. Olmsted, on “Certain Points of Electrical Theory;” Prof. Loomis, on Electrical j Phenomena in New York. j You will be glad to learn that there is a prospect I of recovering Powers’ statue of Calhoun, which the j demise of that great man has rendered so much re -1 gretted. The officers of the United States Revenue j Cutter Morris, after unwearied exertions, have suc | ceeded in ascertaining its position, which is fortunate ly such that it can be recovered without difficulty ; it ! has sustained little or no injury. Lieut. Martin has returned in order to procure a suit of submarine armor | for the purpose of properly slinging it before it is j hoisted. Our marshals are going on rapidly with the census ! In one ward (the tenth) they have completed their j task, and reported. The increase in population in I that ward has been at the rate of nine per cent. Two i persons were found over one hundred years old, one I being one hundred and six, and the other one hun | dred and four. There are only four persons in the ward above the age of twenty, who do not know how to read or write, and of these, strange to say, j two are Americans, and two Germans. AVe had supposed that there would have been a much greater | number, and that the majority thereof would have j been Irish. Broadway, our great and splendid thoroughfare, which so favorably strikes till strangers in our city, is now in a very sorry plight in consequence of the | number of improvements that, are going on, the repair i ing and enlarging of old buildings and the erection of | new. Stewart’s marble palace, the finest store in America, is being nearly doubled in size, being extend ed the whole block from Reade to Chambers street, on the ground formerly occupied by Tattersall’s; a short distance above Canal street, alarge concert ball is in course of erection for one of the companies of ne gro ministrels. Higher up, near Broom street, Brougham’s new Lyceum Theatre has been com menced. At Prince street, on the grounds adjoin ing his theatrical establishment, Mr. Niblo is putting up a splendid hotel. Opposite Bond street, is the new Jenny Lin'd Concert Hall, the four walls of which are up, all ready for the roof; strenuous ex ertions are being made to finish it by the first of Sep tember,, by which time the songstress is expected.— It will be seen that Broadway thus presents quite a succession of bustling scenes, particular ly when it is recollected that we have enumerated above o-niy the public buildings which arc going up, and that there are many stores and private Douses-in all parts undergoing alteration. Broadway is, indeed, the great thoroughfare, not only for’ pedestrians, but for carts, omnibuses, car riages, and all maimer of vehicles. Sundry meas ures have been again and again proposed for freeing it from a portion of these, and preventing that inconvenience and delay which the great number of these not unfrequently occasion. The latest propo sition we have iK>ticed is the establishment of a kind of omnibus ferry, to run from the battery to the ex treme upper part of the city at a low fare, which would have a tendency to drive some of the stages oft’ the route; and the city of London is instanced in which this course is said to have procured the do sired relief for the strand. Mr. Edwin Forrest, having failed to obtain a di vorce from the Legislature of Pennsylvania, is how seeking it where he should first have made applica tion, from the Court of Common Pleas of the city and county of Philadelphia. In his bill he charges Mrs. Forrest with adultery with no less than seven per sons, among them N. P. Willis and his brother Rich ard. The difficulty between Willis and Forrest re mains in statu quo , a suit pending between them, in which Willis claims SIO,OOO damages. Miss .Julia Northall, the vocalist, was married last week at Brooklyn, to Frederick AY. Bodsten, at one time editorially connected with the Deutsche Schnell post. The theatres are beginning to re-open. Last eve ning was the first night of the Broadway, at which Mr. Conway and Miss Auderton are the chief attrac tions. The Astor PI see theatre opens to-night under the management of Mr. Bass, who, though in the spring and early summer, lost at this establishment nearly SIO,OOO, by unsuccessful engagements, has deter mined to try his fortune a second time. lie has se j cured Mrs. Anna Bishop, who appears to-night in the opera of “Judith,” and the graceful Augusta, the queen of the Ballet. The tickets arc put at sl, and though the weather is unfavorable, there is every prospect of a crowded house. The Appletons have published in fine style Words worth’s posthumous poem entitled “The Prelude, or Growth of a Poet’s Mind,” in which the general reader will find very little to interest him. Tallis, Willoughby & Cos., have commenced issuing a picto rial edition of Don Quixotte at only three cents a number ; it is destined to have a wide circulation.— From the Harpers we have the long-promised “Au tobiography of Leigh Hunt,” which, on the whole, disappoints us. Redfield has published “The Night side of Nature,” a treatise on ghosts in general, which will be extensively read by the lovers of the marvel lous. Yours, P. Q. [YANKEE CORRESPONDENCE.] Boston, August 18, 1850. Obsequies of General Taylor—Military Review — Pic Nic Party Drowned — Mr. Booth , ij-c. Last Thursday a solemn Funeral was performed in this city, in token of respect to the memory of the late President. It was a very expensive, well sus tained, and imposing ceremony, and one on which we Bostonians pride ourselves a good deal, having a no tion that neither New York nor Philadelphia did the thing in grander or better style. From an early hour in the morning the weather had a dull and sombre appearance— “ The sky was overcast. And heavily in clouds came in the day,” ns if in sympathy with the occasion. But, though a couple of showers came down at the time the proces sion was about to advance, the promise of the morn ing turned out untrue, and the rest of the day was very favorable. It is considered that thirty thousand strangers came to Boston to witness the proceedings. At twelve o’clock the procession began to move, headed by the military escort, in which appeared, with excellent effect, all the guards and soldier brother hoods of Boston and the neighboring localities. In it also marched the Battery of U. S. Flying Artillery, under the command of Major Sherman, i Ills cele brated fragment of the Mexican army attracted the admiring eyes of every body—was the observed of all observers. Men, horses, carriages, and guns, (four of them were there,) were all in excellent military or der. Next to the escort came the funeral ear, or hearse, drawn by twelve horses caparisoned in mourning and wearing black plumes on their heads. The Massa chusetts volunteers, many of whom served in Mexico, were the appropriate guard of the carriage. This vehicle was made in the manner of an ancient cata fulque. It was nine feet wide, thirteen feet high, and fourteen feet long. The whole was covered with black velvet, sprinkled with silver tracery; and on the sides and ends of the ear were the arms of the several States of the Union. The coffin was covered with black velvet studded with silver stars and drap ed in the American ensign, and the top of the ear was surmounted with plumes. The cost of this part of the pageant is said to have been over $3,000. Then followed twenty-seven pall-bearers, in carriages, the Governor with h : s escort, and thereafter, a multitude of Associations, Societies, Lodges, and so forth, each with its banner, and many with musical bands playing dirges and dead marches along the slow moving line. Perhaps the most interesting feature of the whole pa geant was the boat of the Constitution borne on a car, and containing thirty little girls, to represent the States of the Union, and a young lady with dishevell ed tresses and pale face, to represent the Federal Mother of these maids, or Liberty, 1 do not exactly know which. Certainly, the components of the met aphorical union looked very sisterly and somewhat unlike the reality of things just now, for I saw Mas sachusetts sharing a long stick of candy with Louisi ana, and Vermont, Rhode Island, and New Hamp shire, busy settling a little wreath, in a tasteful man ner, upon the head of Texas. The sun shone out ve ry brightly at. this moment, upon the innocent boat ful, and looking about me, I knew that, a groat many beside myself bid God bless the allegory and the omen, in their hearts! A grim old fellow, in ship shape toggery, sat in the craft with the children, look ing very like Captain Cuttle, and keeping all in pic turesque order. There was a cavalcade of Truck men which struck me, most of any. They were all fine fellows, in shirts, and astride on serviceable horses. As the}’ tramped along there was a sense of power and independence with them that touched the imagi nation. You felt that in the day of danger, these bronze-faced, rough and ready looking men could, in one week, be metamorphosed into a noble cavalry regiment, with swords in their hands, ready to charge like fire upon any enemy from whatever quarter he might come. Colored men, blowing melancholy mu sic, role at the head of the white shirts. The for eigners, as they are called, were conspicuously repre sented in the procession. There was a body of citi zens wearing the Scottish tartans under the flag of an old charitable society, and with them were two little boys, with philibeg and plaid, cap and feather, look ing like a pair of Loehiels in miniature, and attracting general attention. Clean, canny and respectable was tlie Caledonian contingent. Several Irish socie ties were there, too, under Catholic flags, and seem ed proud to identify themselves with republican cit izenship. A citizens’ cavalcade brought up the rear of the long pageant, (which took one hour and a quarter to pass a given point,) and in this cavalcade a veritable Chinese—a son of the celestial empire— made a good figure, dressed in his native costume, and sitting on his horse with an excellent equestrian grace. The procession “wound with easy march its long array” round the principal streets, to Fanueil Hall, where the religious ceremonies were perform ed—consisting of choral hymns, prayers, requiems, &e. The Hon. Josiah Quincy, Jun., then pronounc ed the oration—a very appropriate and well written eulogy on the deceased general. A chorus from Han del’s “Messiah” wound up the solemnities of the day. The appearance of the streets of the city, particu larly those through which the pageant passed, was in accordance with the business of the day. All the shops were closed, and most of the houses exhibited signs of mourning. The principal buildings, hotels, &c., were hung with funeral drapery in a most ex pensive and imposing manner. The sentiment of re gret seemed, indeed, universal; and the aspect of the streets, with their silent and orderly crowds, the fir ing of the minute guns on tire Common, and the slow tolling of tiic city bells, were all in the best keeping with tlie great purpose of the day. Everything con sidered, the city of Boston performed the grave cer emony in ii very grave and decorous manner. On the next day, (Friday,) our citizens were grati fied with a military review of Sherman’s Artillery, on the Common—the most complete thing of the kind ever witnessed here. Several of the city companies did duty on the ground as guards, and the Governor, his suite, &e., were present. A vast crowd assem bled to see how the soldiers of the regular army man aged those guns, which, in the words of Taylor, “saved the day” at Buena Vista. Tlie evolutions and movements of tlie artillery were the most perfect, rapid and precise things in the world. Tlie way the company used to race to a point, wheel about short, stop, unlimber, point the guns, fire, limber up, gallop off through the smoke, and go through the same or similar duty at another point, was matter of a good deal of interest and surprise to the uninitiated that gazed on tlie business from a wide circle kept by posts, a long rope and soldiers’ bayonets. If Sherman and his men got on in such a terribly prompt manner in Mexico, I don’t, wonder Santa Anna and his men should wish them at home, and make up their minds to let them have their own way. Major Sherman, by the way, was somewhat overlooked, in conse quence of the omission of his name in General Tay lor’s despatches. But the press here have been cor recting the oversight. Twenty years ago, lie worked on his father’s farm at Newport, R. 1., and used to carry round milk cows to serve his customers. Some time after he went to Washington, and applied to General Jackson for admission into AA r est Point, and got it. From that time his good abilities and industry helped him fortunately along in the Academy and the world. During the last three or four days. Major Sherman’s company has been in camp, on the com mon, where their tents have been pitched and their horses piequetted, in regular campaigning fashion. Altogether, its visit here lias been very agreeable both to tlie public and to tlie military, and the officers have been feted with great hospitality. A deplorable catastrophe took place on the 15th at Lynn. A party of one hundred and fifty persons went on a pic-nie excursion to Lake Suntang, where some twenty-five of them, making use of a crazy pad dle boat upon the lake, pushed off to amuse them selves by cruising about. The boat was overloaded, and the company becoming alarmed at its swaying, moved about in such a panic-stricken way, that it upset, and thirteen persons of both sexes were drowned, in smooth water, close along side the shore. A dreary termination to an excursion doubtless planned pleasantly enough! Three eases of Asiatic cholera are spoken of as having just occurred here. The news comes on us by surprise, inasmuch as the city is and has been re markably healthy. Mr. Ware, of Springfield, has been arrested in New York, for embezzling about $70,000 belonging to the Western Railroad Company, while acting as elerk in the establishment. Mr. Booth, the tragedian, is playing here again, at the Museum. The papers speak well of him. But he is too old for almost all his parts— “ Superfluous lags the veteran on the stage.” I never saw an actor of such mediocrity receive such applause from newspaper critics. But they are a good natured race, and you seldom get anything like truth out of them. In my mind, Mr. Booth, in Hamlet, Macbeth, and several other fine roles , is al together “ most tolerable and not to be endured.” So take it in the very words of-— Dogberry. Tlie hubbub of our elections is very brisk. It would of course, be wonderfully interesting to your readers if I could fill one or two of your columns with the ar guments. personalities and cross firings of our papers and politicians here. I know you and they are dying to have them all— “ The logic and the wisdom, and tlie wit, And the loud laugh—you long to hear them all.” But I have no time now. The whole thing is bo fresh , and so original, that it will keep. YANKEE DOODLE. Another Voice from Harris. 3G-30 Triumphant by Two to One. All right. No Body Entrapped Either. Harris Countv, August 17th, 1850. A portion of the citizens of Harris County, met at the Court House, in the 19th District, sos the purpose of discussing their views on the slavery question, the recommendations of the Nashville Convention, and their opposition tor the Clay Compromise, etc. On motion, Maj. Jesse Gunn and Maj. Thomas C. McEntire, were appointed chairmen, and Dr. J. W. Pitts, requested to act as secretary. The meeting being organized, Porter Ingram, Esq., came forward and offered the following resolu tions, viz: Ist. Resolved, That we are opposed to the Compromise plan, introduced into the senate of the United States, by the Committee of Thirteen. 2d. Resolved, That for the sake of harmony, and for the preservation of the Union, we are willing to abide by the Missouri Compromiser line of 36-30, to be run through to the Pacific, with the protection of the rights of property south of that line. 3d. Resolved, That xve are opposed to the admission of California, as a State, into the Union, with its present boundaries and constitu tion. Esq. Ingram occupied the time alloted him to speak, in a very able and eloquent address, in support of the above resolutions. Col Mobley then arose, and proposed the fol lowing resolutions as a substitute for the above, vie: Ist. Resolved , That we are opposed to tlie ultimatum of the Nashville Convention, it being in terms a demand of the Missouri Compromise line, under penalty of the dissolution of the Union, for we believe the great slavery question can be settled upon terms equally as honorable to the south. 2d. Resolved, That We are willing that the question should be settled under the Constitution, which already secures our rights; and win •. . r it is settled otherwise, we are for resistant !o the last, but hope this may never be the case, but that we may continue long to live together under the glorious Union of the States. 3d. Resolved, That we stand upon the prin ciples of non-intervention by Congress upon the slavery question, believing this to be the true southern ground for the protection and safety of our rights. 4th. Resolved, That we stili have confidence in our Representatives in Congress, and we are willing to abide by any honorable settlement they may make. Col. Mobley made an eloquent and fervent address in support of his resolutions, followed by Maj. Roberson, who also addressed the meet ing in favor of the last resolutions. The Major's speech was something unique, and particularly redolent with his strong and abiding love for the Union. He asserted publicly, ‘■‘■that for himself, he would be willing to free his own slaves, and send them to Liberia, at his own expense, in prefer ence to a dissolution of the Union.” God deliver us from such a sentiment Martin J. Crawford, Esq., was now loudly called for, and addressed the meeting at some length in one of his most able, argumentative and eloquent speeches, in favor of the former resolutions, and in vindication of the Nashville Convention, delivered in that happy and felici tious style, which at once commanded the atten tion and respect of the entire audience. Col. David Reid followed in a short address in support of Col. Mobley’s resolutions. James M. Ramsey, Esq., being called for, also addressed the meeting in a very able and dignified manner, (though delivered amid some confu sion,) in vindication of the Nashville Convention andsoutliern rights, giving his reasons for attend ing the Nashville Convention; who he repre sented in that Convention, and defining, ac curately, who he did not represent in that, or any other Convention. The question now being loudly called for, the’ vote was taken on the adoption of the substitute resolutions, proposed by Col. Mobley, which were lost by a vote—Yeas 26. Nays 52. The former resolutions were adopted by a vote of two-thirds. On motion, Resolved, That tlie proceedings of this meeting be signed by the chairmen and secretary, and the Columbus papers be requested to publish the same. Ou motion, the meeting then adjourned sine die.. JESSE GUNN, ) . T. C. McENTIRE. } C/iatrm ™- J. W. Pitts, Secretary. Meeting in Talbot County'. A large and enthusiastic meeting of the peo ple of Talbot county, without distinction of par ty, was held at Fountain Spring Camp Ground. When, on motion, Dr. Wra. Drane and Persona 1 Walker, Esq., were called to the chair, and A. T. Edwards and James Roseau appointed to act’ as Secretaries. The meeting was addressed by Messrs. Cul verhouse, Crawford, Howard, Smith and Gibson, in able and effective speeches. They urged upon the people the necessity of anion, and to forget old party lines. The following report and resolutions were offered by H. Riley, Esq., prefaced by a few brief, but appropriate and eloquent remarks. As the powers of government in this country are derived from the consent of the governed,- it is the right of the people, and it is a part of wisdom in them, to assemble together at such times and places, as may best suit their con venience, to take into consideration all questions, arising under different constructions of the con stitution, deeply affecting their vital interests, and proclaim to the world, what they conceive their rights to lie, and the course to he taken in relation thereto. The magnitude of the que., tion, and the intensity of the struggle, now being carried on between the North and South, and the fatal consequence of an adverse decision to the latter, and indeed to the whole country, should be sufficient to break all old party tb-s and obligations, and bring out every Southern man in defence of his rights, the Constitution and Union. The history of the anti-slavery sentiment in the North has been too often and faithfully given to require a rehearsal at this time. We should never forget the important facts, that it has been progressive ; and that our submission to its un righteous demands, has only added fuel to the flames. In view of the vitiated state of public opinion in the Northern States, the man here who shuts his eyes to facts,-and still cries out for peace by submission, is, in effect, inviting and encouraging the abolitionists on to the accom plishment of the great object of all their efforts : final and complete emancipation in all the States. Each of the States of the Union being equally sovereign, it follows, beyond tlie power of con travention, that as the territory of the United States is the common property of all the States, the general government, as trustee or agent, is firmly bound by the national compact, to protect the people of the Southern as well as the North ern States, in the use and enjoyment of every kind of property; such being recognized as pro perty by the Federal Constitution and the State governments respectively; and in failing to dis charge this solemn constitutional obligation, we see an utter disregard of our rights, and a deter mination to destroy the equality of the States, and as such we feel that we would be fully justi fied in repelling this dangerous doctrine at all hazards and to the last extremity. Although we will never surrender the great principle ‘of our rights, to emigrate to the territories of the United States with our slave property, yet for the sake ot peace and harmony, and to settle this vexed question upon a durable basis, we are willing to a division of the territory bv the e / cte ” s '°” °f the Missouri compromise line to the 1 acinc, with a distinct recognition of our rights south ot that line, but further than this,, we cannot go. Ist. Resolved , That w*e fully and unreservedly