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SOUTHERN SENTINEL. ■ COLUMBUS, GEORGIA ; THURSDAY MORNIKG, SEPT. 19, 1850. O’ Mr. John B. Slaton is the duly author . ize.l agent to obtain subscribers for the Sentinel.-- , His receipts will be good in this offiee. O’ Senators Socle, Berrien, Barnwell and Yulke, and Messrs. Wellborn, llaralsox and Hilliard, of the House, have our thanks for Congrea aioßal speeches and public documents. UjT The letters of “P. Q.” and “Yankee Doodle,” on our first page, will be found quite interesting.— They ware received too late for our last week’s paper. Agricultural Fair. —We invite the attention of the ladies, planters, artists and mechanics, to the pub- j lication of the Corresponding Secretary of the Mus- : eogec and Russell Agricultural Society, announcing 1 the premiums offered at the approaching exhibition. Among the prizes, we are pleased to notice several for assays on different subjects of interests connected with agriculture. We wish to see the intelligent planters of the country drawn out, not only in the exhibition of the products of their poil. but in tha pro duction of valuable treatises on the various depart ments of their noble avocation. W# need the thoughts of practical planters, not less than the theories of scientific agriculturists. When we have both, and not before, can vve hope for anything like success in our efforts to derelope and advance the science of tilling the soil. Death of Bishop Bascom. —The Rev. llenrt B. ; Bascom, Bishop of the Methodist Episcopal Church, : South, died at Louisville, on the Bth inst. Bishop i Bascom was one of the most eminent men in the de- ; nomination to which he belonged,and probably unsur- ; passed in America as a pulpit orator. Recretarv of the Interior. —Mr. Stuart, for- i incrly a member of Congress from Western Virginia, j has been tendered, and lias accepted, the Secretary- j ship of the Home Department. This post does not I seem to boa very enviable one, from the difficulty j which the President has had in filling it. It was of- j f. red to Hon. Charles .J. Jenkins, of Augusta, Ga., I but that gentleman declined it from considerations of I . i a private nature. We should have been pleased to ! see Mr. Jenkins in the Cabinet, lie is one of the | ablest men in Georgia, and a gentleman who is un- i surpassed in all the virtues of private life. Wo extract from the last Cherokee Advocate, the following invitation to the 36-30 men of Georgia, to meet en masse in Cherokee on the 26th inst. Wo hearti ly approve the idea, and hope that the hospitality of our Cherokee friends may lie. overwhelmingly taxed : “ The friends of Southern rights ore invited to meet nt KINGSTON,on THURSDAY, the 26ilt of Sep tember, to take counsel on the important issues which are now disturbing the pence and harmony of the country. Let us show that Cherokee knows her rights, and knowing (lares maintain them. Jt is all import- i ant that the people speak out. that the position of Georgia and the South may not be. misunderstood. Addresses maybe expected from the ablest men from variousparts of this and the adjoining States. A TREE BARBECUE will be provided, sufficient for all who may come.” A Noble Southerner. The lion. T. L. Ci.ingman, of North Carolina, was the only Southern V big who voted nay on the Texas Boundary Bill. While those to whom the South had entrusted her honor, were betraying her all around him, some from timidity, some from in - difference, and others, in a contemptible struggle for party and self, he stood firm, battling, inch by inch, against the inroads of our oppressors. Honored bo the man whose devotion to the South was proof against treason in all its forms. Honored be the man who did not forsake his country, when her sworn friends were deserting her. lie has merited tha gratitude of every true Southern man, for the fear lessness with which he has maintained his position, despite the opposition of foes and the perfidy of! friends. His State should be proud to honor such a I man. Nobly has he honored his constituency, and ; there is Southern spirit enough in the old North State to award him the proper return for liis course. With leaders like Cuxgmax— Tho’ the sooraer may sneer at, and witlings defame her, Our hearts swell with gladness whenever wo Mine her. O’ Our neighbor, of the Enquirer, declines to answer “ certain queries” which wo propounded to the Editors of that paper. Their views, say they, on all the questions recently before Congress, hive been open to our inspection, and if we have not un- | derstood them, the fault is—whose ? Our neighbor 1 very satisfactorily solves the inquiry, by saying, “ the i capacity to comprehend them was nut, and is not ; ours (tho Enquirer's) to give.” And if they lacked the. capacity to comprehend them, prav whose fault ‘ is it 1 Hon. Robert Toombs. If we had exercised the Enquirer's discretion, in saving nothing about Mr. Toombs until he had settled . then we would not have subjected ourselves to ths deserved rebuke of having, at one time, censured, and at another, praised that gentleman. We have not been honored, as has our neighbor, with a long acquaintance with Mr. Toombs’ political history, or we might have been aware of the rather eccentric career which he has traced in the polities of the day. The Enquirer knew him of old, and very wisely, as it turns out, did not regard his icords as at all signi 1 fieant of what his votes would be. The show has been ended, however, and Mr. Toombs is located, j There let him stand, the object of our neighbor's adulations, and of our— disappointed hopes. The course of this gentleman, during the present session of Congress, presents a subject of singular specula tion. Not that there is any longer room for specu lation as to his position, but as to the reason of it. It has been said that when the English forces were in China, one of the stratagems to which they resorted for frightening the poor Celestials out of their wits, was to tie sky-rockets upon their heels, and turn somersets at night, in an open plain, in full view of the Chinese Camp. The result is said to have been ’ amazingly happy, and it may be, Mr. Toombs has j attempted to steal their thunder. Certain it is, that he has exhibited some of the most remarkable speei- [ mens of ground and lofty tumbling at Washington ; j but, alas 1 instead of frightening the enemy, he has tumbled a sumerset into their camp, and now turns round, and attempts to blarney liis old friends iuto tha delusion that be has taken the whole force prisoners of war! The South gets everything; the North has been hood-winked ; we have met the enemy, and i they are ours ! Indeed ! Verily, Mr. Toombs has j behaved himself very valiantly, and, beat of all, has i encountered a very generous foe. So much for his first figllt; but he promises another when the session is over. He has whipped tho North, and he is no.v coming home to whip the South. Let him come, and may his guardian angel ensure him a victory as glorious and as complete as that which ho has achieved at. Washington. The Wrongs of the South. Wc have received a private letter, from a distin guished Southerner at Washington, from which we extract the following paragraph: “ The simple and true Tiew of the snbjeet is this : The Southern peo ple have paid, with others, $100,000,000 for the war ; $15,090,000 to Mexico; $10,000,000 to Texas; shed their blood in a destructive war, obtained from the enmy enormous territory, and are now shut out ‘ from every foot of it, with the stigma of reprobation stamped upon them. In addition to this, a large j part of the territory, clearly admitted to be theirs, has been sold to make a free soil State, hemming i them in, forbidding, forever, their extension, and ! dooming them to inferiority and ruin. And yet j Southern men rejoice in the disgrace of their home. We had, in the Senate yesterday, a striking com mentary on the peace which we have bought. We have the traffic in slaves, branded bv. Congress, ns a rile spectacle for pure eyes, and yesterday, we were i ■ informed distinctly, that slavery must follow the slave I trade, though our masters wore willing to wait awhile j ere they required from us this compromise also.” Men of the South, are not these facts? And yet I craven renegades from Southern rights tell you, all is well. You are pointed to your happy homes, and vour prosperous fields, and called on to sustain a Government which treats you so well. Your homes are yet happy, and your fields are yet prosperous, because the Lava tide which is rapidly rolling its fiery waves towards your homesteads, has not vet sub merged you. The doomed victim of the law may vet smile, ere death conies, in ignorance of his fate, but the hour does not less certainly or rapidly hasten on, on that account. Will you allow yourselves to be deceived by hair-splitting argument* and sophiti | eal reasonings, into the belief that you are not wrong ed ? Be assured, that he who would make a labored argument to satisfy you that your grievances are all imaginary, can be no true friend to you or yours. Beware, that you are not lulled with the song of pease, at the very moment when the enemy is at ! your doors. The True Issue. There is no longer room for doubt as to the true issue before the people of the South. Amid the multiplicity of questions, which have hitherto divided public attention, there lias been some confusion as to the true issue involved; but that confusion exists no longer: we now know distinctly the point upon which this whole controversy is to hinge, and un ; pleasant though the task may be. we intend to hold the mirror up to truth, and reflect, as far as our in | fiuence goes, the naked features of the crisis. We i say, then, to the people of Georgia, the issue before ! you is, Abolition or Disunion, and you must choose 1 one or the other. “We know you have loved this ! Union. Your fathers’ blood achieved it, and you ; have been happy in it, and consecrated, as it is, by all the hallowed ties of the past, it may eoit you a pang ;to give it up. But, much as we love the Union, there I are some things which we cannot sacrifice to preserve I it. We arc not prepared to see our fields laid waste, : our estates bankrupted, and our families butchered, jin order to save the I. nion. We are not prepared ! to see our rights disregarded, our interests trodden I under foot, and our very name despised, in order to preserve the Union. And arc we not called on to j submit to these things ? When we hold up the Con stitution as our shield, are wc not told by United States Senators in Congress, that there is a law high er than the Constitution which demands our ruin ? When we seek to recover our stolen property, are we not met by mobs of armed fanatics, led on by our refugee slaves, and threatened with death, if we at tempt their re-capture ? Do we not see constant ■ assemblages of Northern men, met for the avowed | purpose of devising plans for stealing our slaves, and sending out their emissaries in order to excite insur rections in our midst? Are not these missionaries i now prowling around our plantations, seeking, under the cover of night, to entice away our property ? Have we not, by the acts of the general govern ment, been excluded from an equal participation in the public territories ? Is there not now pending in the Senate, a bill for abolishing the slave trade in the District of Columbia? Are there not regularly or ganized Societies in every Northern State, which avow their determination to abolish slavery in every Southern State, at any and every cost ? Have we notan anti-slavery President, an anti-slavery Cabinet, an anti-slavery Senate, and an anti-slavery House? A.re not three-fourths of all the offices in the United States filled by anti-slavery men ? Do you doubt that the North desires the extinction of slavery on this Continent ? Has not the general government already attempted to interfere with it, wherever it could, with any reason, do so ? Do you doubt that I it only wants the power to abolish slavery in Geor gia, and is there any question that it is rapidly ac quiring that power? These are startling inquiries, | and it will be well for you, men of Georgia, if you j consider them, before you decide your course in the i approaching campaign. What will Georgia Do ? We publish, in another column, the act of the last General Assembly, authorizing the Governor of Geor gia to call a Convention of her people, upon the hap pening of certain continganees. One of those con tingencies, the admission of California as a State, lias already transpired, and Governor Towns will, there fore, fed it his duty to summon the Convention. It , is a duty which our Governor will not hesitate to perform, sympathizing fully, as he does, with the ma j jority of the Legislature, which imposed it upon him. ! It may not be altogether uninstructiv* or uninterest- I mg to glance briefly at the history of the bill which authorizes this Convention. Shortly after tho Legis lature assembled, the Joint Committee, on the State of the Republic, introduced into both Houses, a series of resolutions on the subject of slavery, ths eighth ! of which provided that, “ in the event of the pa£ sage of the Wilmot Proviso by Congress, the abolition of slavery in the District of Columbia, the admission of California as a State, or the refusal of the non slaveholding States to deliver up our fugitive slaves, it will become the immediate duty of the people of the State to meet in Convention, to take into consid eration the mode and measure of redress.” To this J resolution Mr. Wofford, in the lower House, offer- ! ed an amendment, proposing to apply the Missouri j I Compromise line to California, so as to authorize the ! ; Convention, only upon the admission of that State ! with limits extending south of the line of 36-30. This amendment was rejected. It seems, then, that all parties in the Legislature agreed that the admis sion of California would be a sufficient reason for calling a Convention, the only difference being, that a portion were opposed to her admission altogether, and the others only opposed to her admission with boun daries south of the line of 36-30. The leaders of what was then known as the moderate party, were united upon 36—30 as their fighting lino, aud one gentleman, who was perhaps more indefatigable in his labors than any other in that party, declared his •determination to stand up to that line, though Eng ; land, Austria, Russia, aud all the ministers of the | world should oppose it, and if it was necessary, he : was prepared to fight for it I As we have seen, j however, the amenduunt proposing the Missouri j line, was rejected, and the bill passed, authorizing the Governor to call a Convention upon the admission of California, either north or south of that line. The Legislature adjourned, and the Nashville Con vention met. That body agreed to make a stand for the South upon the line of 36—30, and acquiescing in j this suggestion for the purpose of securing harmony | i at the South, we fell back from our ultra position, ! i and adopted the very course which the minority, in ; our last Legislature, advised. In other words, we agreed that California might come in, if she would restrict her southern boundary to the line of 36-30. but that we would resist her admission south of that line. What has been the consequence ? Instead of j securing union among Southern men, the moderates • fell back from tht-ir position, abandoned their old 1 fighting lino, and we are left as much in advance of j them as we were before our retreat. We now stand where they stood, and we are now denounced for en- , tertaining the very sentiments for which thev were i eager to fight ! What shall wo do now ? Shall wo I endeavor to affiliate with them by another retreat? j \\ hat guaranty have we, that if we fall back, they I will stand fast ? We have already driven them too : far in the lurch, and there is danger, that if we once j more attempt to conciliate them, we may drive them j into open abolition. No. We can retreat no larther j with honor or safety. If we seriously intend ever to ; hiake a stand, now is the we must plant our i colors firmly here, or trail them ignominiously in the | dust. Georgiamust take her position, and maintain it. Governor Towns will call the Convention, and’ what will that Convention do ? By the action of our legislature, it is agreed that the admission of California is a grievance. We stand committed to : tliat, before the world, and we must now either make ; the humiliating confession that we d:ire not demand j redress, or we must, like men, stand by our rights. The bill, which authorizes tlie call, declares its objects j to be, “ to take into consideration the mode and mea sure of redress.” The first thing to be determined j upon, therefore, is, that we .will ha vs redress; the j second is, the mode and measure of it. We are j not disposed to trammel the action of that Conven- , tion. We wish to see tile men who will compose it, ; i left free in determining wh.it that redress shall be. : and we shall acquiesce in its decision. We have our j preferences, and they have already been made known, j W o see no remedy for our grievances short of so- j cession. We have no hope that our rights can he I secured in the Union, and wo are ready to go out of ! it. Had we the power, therefore, to dictate the ac ; tion of this Convention, our first step would be a ! Declaration or Independence, and the next, an i invitation to our sister States of the South to unite | with us in the formation of a Southern Republic. , While these are our preferences, we repsat our | readiness to acquiesce in the action of the Conven i tion. If those who compote it’ shall be able to de j vise any other mode, equally as effectual, which shall j preserve tha Union, by restoring it to its original i purity, Heaven knows, we shall gladly adopt it, for j our great aim it to iavi the South, not to destroy the Union. Southern Rights Association. We publish, in another place, the proceeding! of the meeting on Saturday night last, for the ptrpose of ! organizing a Southern Rights Association. The at tendance) was very large for a preliminary meeting, I and altogether it was the most enthusiastic assembly ; wc have evtr witnessed in this city. The speakers all breathed a true Southern spirit, and the audience responded, in most unequivocal terms, to their patri otic sentiments. We were particularly impressed with t’ne cordiality with which the people received every expression of resistance. At the simp’# men tion of Carolina, that banner State of tha South, the applause was continuous and deafening. There was no mistaking the sense of that meeting. A sense of wrong pervaded the whole house, and a spirit of determined resistance animated every breast present. Let the tame submissionist flatter himself, if he will, that the people will silently bow to the in dignities which the North would heap upon them.— When the day of reckoning comes he will find that ho lias been mistaken. Western Georgia is right. When the poll* are opened, wo promise that she will hold up her corner. Let middle Geor gia do her duty, let Cherokee stand fast, let Eastern Georgia come boldly up in defence of the South, and there will be no doubt as to the | issue. We are not mistaken as to publ’c sentiment in this section. Our people will never prostrate th tin selves at the foot of oppression. Ours is the language of resistance, and if the State submits, it will not be our fault. The constitution of the Southern Rights Associa tion will be found cither at the office of tho Times or Sentinel, where those who wish to d# eo, may have an opportunity of signing it. The Union, as it Was and ns it Is. Our forsfatliers in 1787 formed a confederacy, and adopted as tha bond of Union , the constitution under which this government exists. Tho preamble to that constitution is in these words : “We, the people of th# United States, in order to form a more perfest Union, establish justice, ensure domestic tranquility, provide for the common defence, promote the general welfare and secure the blessings of liberty to ourselves and our posterity, do ordain and establish this constitution for the United States of America.” That preamble embodies the objects for which this Union was form ed, and the spirit in which the States entered into it. It may, indeed, be called the essence of the Union, and a violation of it may, therefore, with more pro j priety, be considered a violation of the Union, than a , simple disregard of any single clause of the constitu- I tion itself. True, there may continue a union of these ; States long after the destruction of that spirit, but it will not be the Union of our forefathers. How strange ly contradictory are tho terms of that preamble, and the history of the presssnt session of Congress ? Has its session produce <1 a more perfect Union? Has it established justice ? Has it ensured domestic tran quility! Has it provided for the common defence? Has it promoted the general welfare? Has it se cured the blessings of liberty to ourselves and our posterity ? So far from it, it has severed that spirit of harmony and good will which could alone secure the Union ; it lias wantonly disregarded the plain dictates of justice ; it has thrown a fire brand into our midst which has totally destroyed every thing like domestic tranquility : it has turned its aggressions up on ono of the sovereign States of the confederacy; it lias legislated for the ruin of one-half of the Union, and has laid the axe to the tre# of liberty. And this is : the Union which Southern men are expected to fall down and worship. The patriotism, the magnanimi ty and the chivalry of our fathers is to be slandered with the imputation that they forged the chains which we now wear. Their names and their “deeds j of noble daring,” are appealed to in behalf of a Union | which they would have scorned, and we who protest ! against such a prostitution of the fruits of their la- j bors, are denounced as their unworthy descendants. | Give us the Union which they made for us, and ! •wc will be the last to abandon it. Debase that j | Union and we are the first to denounce it. We ap- i ; peal to the common sense of Southern men. Tell i us, do you believe that the Union of to-day is the [ Union of 1787 ? Do you believe that those noble ‘ patriots who toiled night and day, and week after ! week, in drafting our constitution, c-vcr contemplated its perversion to ends so unhallowed as those for which it is now used ? Are you prepared to believe that our fathers knowingly enslaved their sons to the selfish dictation of a fanatical majority ? Then how sre we recreant to the obligations of American citi zens in arraying ourselves against such a government? Wc are enemies of the majority which seeks to tram ple us underfoot; but they who would silently submit to the indignity are the worst enemies of such a gov ernment as was once our boast. The Questions Settled. llow sadly mistaken are those Southern men who regard the action of Congress on the questions re cently disposed of, as amounting to a settlement of the slavery agitation. The open declaration of Sen ators on the passage of the bill for abolishing the ! slave trade in the District of Columbia, too clearly \ indicate a determination on the part of the North to i continue their aggressions until the whole evil of | slavery is eradicated in this country. Mr. Chase docs not hesitate to declare his unqualified delight at j the Bills which have passed as far as they go, and i hails them as the first in a series of measures looking j to the ultimate extinction of the institution of slavery. We should be crediting the North with but half its real sagacity, did we suppose that its exertions have been directed to the simple accomplishment of those measures which have already been consumma ted. llow is that universal and implacable hostility to i the peculiar institutions of the South, which we know animates the North to a man, appeased bv the mere prohibition of its extension into the territories, and the abolition of the traffic in the District of Colutn- - bia ? Does an)’ man who has the capacity to inter- ! pret the import of events daily transpiring before our eyes, imagine for a moment that these have been the ■ ends of all their labors ? What has been the ele ment of strife in all this controversy ? Has it not been, a manifest dis;>osition on the part of the North to extirpate, and a determination on the part of the South to defend, the institution of slavery ? It would be folly in Southern men to close their eyes to the startling truth that nothing leas than the very existence of the institution of slavery is involved in ! this fearful agitation. To accomplish this, must in- j deed be a work of time. An openly revealed and : sudden stroke at this object, would at once unite the South in fierce and determined opposition. Our en- j emies know this, and like sensible men, their policy is j to make their inroad* so-gradually and so insidiously, j I that ve are not to be made aware of our true condi- ‘ tion until we are impotent and helpless before them.— ■ For this purpose they commence by circumscribing ; ■ the slave States with a cordon of free soil, thus at j j once forever forbidding our extension, and affording j I on aIT sides an easy and secure retreat for our slaves, i I We are to be hemmed in, until by the ordinary aeeu- ! I mutation of slaves m our midst, we shall h* driven in ‘ ; self-defence to emancipation. The federal district is j | first to be closed as a market, and next as a home for j our slaves. Tims step by step are we to be robbed of our rights, and day by day, the North, by a tvs j tem of iniquitous legislation and the lapse of time, is ; to he fostered into greatness at our expense, until tho j work of abolition may he with impunity commenced and completed in ths States. I hose facts stare us in the face. Our doom is as clearly defined as the sun - in heaven, and yet we are exhorted to peace, loyalty | and submission. We do not now feel, we are told, i that the government is arrayed against us. It has | not yet, it is true, thrust its hands in our pockets, or laid violent hands upon our property. W e are not sen tenced to immediate destruction, but our vitality and our ability to defend ourselves is to be gradually sapped, and not until all our means of resistance have been, withdrawn, will the North have the boldness to thunder its purposes in our cars. When that hour shall arrive, we may in vain appeal to Southerners to rally for their homes. We may be united then, but our strength will be weakniss. Lot us then in the name of the South, prepare ourselves for the worst ere the worst comes. Let us meet the issue like men. That issue must be met now or at some future day. Shall we live on in fancied security and hare our children an easy prey to the exterminating zeal of infuriate fanatics, or shall we, as true born Southerners, redress our own wrongs and bequeath to them the goodly heritage of free and happy homes? Southern Rights’ Association. In response to a call, previously made, a large number of Southern men met in this city, on Satur day evening last, for the purpose of forming a “ Soutii f-r.n Rights’ Association.” Judge G. E. Thomas was called to the chair, and William 11. Chambers requested to act as Secretary. The chairman announced the object of the meet ing in a true Southern speech of fifteen, minutes, and was followed by Col. llenrt L. Henning, who moved the appointment of a committee of five, for the pur pose c.f drafting a Constitution, accompanying his motion with a few remarks of characteristic elo quence and fervor. The fallowing committee was appointed, under his resolution, by the chair: Col. Henry L. Henning, John Forsyth, Martin J. Crawford, P. A. Clayton and William 11. Chambers. During the absence of the committee, R. J. Moses, Esq., was loudly called for, and responded in an ad dress of thrilling eloquence, which was repeatedly interrupted with the most enthusiastic elieers. At the conclusion of his speech, the committee reported the following CONSTITUTION. Article 1. The name of the Association shall be the “ Muscogee Southern Rights’ Association.” Art. 2. Its objects shall be to organize, more ef fectually, the people of Muscogee County in support of the interests of the South; to insure concert of ac tion among the citizens of this and other Southern States; to vindicate our rights, and to support the State authorities in any measure Georgia may adopt for her defence, or that of her sister States of the South, against the injustice and aggression of those of the North. Art. 3. Every friend of the South, who is pre pared to maintain her rights, at all hazards and to the last extremity, may become a member of this Asso ciation by signing this Constitution. Art. 4. The officers of this Association shall con sist of a President, nine Vice Presidents, (one from each Captain's District in tho County.) a Recording Secretary, two Corresponding Secretaries, and a Treasurer, to be chosen annually by’the Association, at its anniversary meeting. Art. 5. There shall be a Vigilant Committee, com posed of five from the city of Columbus, and three from each Captain's District, whose duty it shall be to consider all communications relating to the objects of the Association, and to prepare and lay before the meeting such ini formation and reports as they may deem important. The President and Secretaries shall be, ex-officio, members of this Committee, and the Vice President, in each Captain's District shall be, ex-officio, Chairman of the Committee in his District. Art. 6. There shall be regular weekly meetings of the Association, at its room, at such hour an may be, from time to time, agreed upon. Art. 7. The Association shall, by ballot-, appoint | Delegates to other Southern Rights Associations,Con ventions and Mass Meetings, whenever the Vigilant Committee may deem it expedient for its interest and purposes. Art. 8. The Association shall continue in exis tence, and persevere in its efforts, until the wrongs j of ths South are redressed, and the Federal Consti | tution restored to its original purity, or the State j resumes the powers heretofore delegated to the | United States tor special purposes. The Constitution having been read, Col. Seaborn i Jones moved its adoption in a few happy remarks, j The Constitution was then adopted without a dis- I senting voice, and was signed by nearly one hundred i persons. It was resolved that the chairman appoint ’ a committee which should be charged with the seicc- I tion of proper officers for the Association, and report i the same at the next regular meeting. The following is that committee: A. S. Rutherford, Davenport P. Ellis, P. A. Clayton, Wm. A. Redd and A. H. Cooper. John Forsyth, Esq., announced that Mr. D. K. W iiitaker, of Charleston, S. C., was present, and that gentleman being called for, addressed the Asso ciation in a brief and able speech. The meeting then, on motion, adjourned to meet at the same place on Saturday evening next. G. E. THOMAS, Chairman. Wm. 11. Chambers, Secretary. The following letter will explain itself. It was sent to us by the author, with the request to publish it, in the event the Enquirer declined publishing the original. Greenville, Ala., Sept. 4, IS3O. : To the Editors of the Columbus Enquirer : Gentlemen : Through the solicitations of an es . teemed friend, I was induced, in the early part of the ! present year, to become a subscriber to your paper, i | (for which I paid in advance.) I have carefsliy ex- j | amined the position you occupy, and have compared j | it with the doctrines advocated by the presses and j politicians of the other party, and have found you fin i my judgment) wanting; that you are an unfaithful | sentinel in the hour of peril; that you are suffering your readers to sleep over their rights : and the beet interest of our common South,-by i : the incessant cry that all's well, when the enemy, as j j it were, are almost in the reach of your bayonet; | j when the institutions of the South are well nigh sha- ! i ken to their centre ; yet you continue to promenade i I the line with your arms folded and a white feather in j j your cap; yea, if you were even silent upon the all- ! absorbing question which agitates the whole Union | and disturbs the happiness of the family fireside, it would be more commendable in yon as the conduc tors of a public journal, than to use as you do the ut most of your abilifv (feeble as it is) to discourage the South in the vindication of the doctrines of State rights and State remedies, which are guaranteed to her by that glorious instrument which was written by the hand of our noble ancestry and afterwards per- ; ftetetf bv the blood and treasure of our country. In my opinion, sirs, your days are numbered, and you will soon be called upon to renounce the doctrines you now advocate, or shift your quarter* to a climate more congenial to the health of your submission sheet. Believing, sir. as I do. that it is my duty, as a Southerner,to discountenance the obnoxious tone of I vour paper, you will do me the favor to strike j imy name from the list of your subscribers, j hoping that you may yet, in due time, be conviueed of | the impolicy of your doctrines. lam yours, Arc. WM. T. STREET \ . i ‘"~‘ V fJOK T3 SENTINEL.j O, Tcmpora ! O, Mores ! i lu thinking upon the signs of the times, and in j marking ihc most striking and fearful one among them, the anti-slavery excitement, we are influenced : to exclaim, O. Tempora ! O, Mores ! Some years ; ago. in our youth, if we had been told that a faction I of half crazed; canting hypocrites, would be able, ! through an indomitable spirit of fanatical persever | ance equal to that of the renowned Jesuits, to cstab -1 lish a party who would dare boldly to assert and at j tempt the propagation of sentiments which openly 1 denounce the Bible, unblusliingly condemn the eon i stitution of this confederacy, and grossly violate the ; great and excellent compact which lias so long ce j mented the States together as a blessed sisterhood, ! we would have scouted and ridiculed the assertion.— j Yet, so it is : and the observation of monarchists, in i past times, that men are not capable of self govern- I ment, seems about to prove true. Our countrymen j have ceased to seta proper vjdue upon the blessings of liberty—the wisdom and warnings of our fore fathers ar# now lost to them—the fate of Greece is forgotten. Like men who know not the blessings of health until they become sick, or who. like Jcsliru, “wax fat and kick,” our Northern brethren seem to need that the Almighty place tii*m in galling chains and bring upon them a heavy penalty for their diso bedience, which will teach them to properly appreciate the bounties of his liberal hand. We shall not attempt here to argue the relative merits of the ease, for this has already been amply, clearly and justly performed by wise and patriotic Southern men in our midst, as well by some few hon est minded Northern men. Suffice it that we are satisfied that God and justice arc on our side, and as in days of old, when our forefathers belted on their swords to wrench from the grasp of tyranny this land of freedom which they bequeathed to us, we will fol low their good example, if needs be. and try, in like manner, to bequeathe a portion of it, at all events, to those who will come after us. We say, then, let every man be prepared for the event of secession, in ease our foes push their injuri ous measures through the federal government. That we have the right to secede is obvious to every man of common sense ; for when this confederacy was formed, slavery was then an obstacle, and the bargain of compact was fairly made with a knowledge of this fact. Can it be supposed that our forefathers were not aware of the probability of party issues ari sing which would endanger the permanency of the Union; and. sensible of this, will any reasonable man say, that in coming into the confederacy they foolishly surrendered State sovereignty, and were bound hand and foot without the power to withdraw, no matter what might happen ? It is preposterous to think so. In ea*e matters turn out as we hare good reason to anticipate, let us resolve on secession, and should any oppose us in this, with our good swords, like the Spartans at the pass of Thermopylae, drive them from our shores, or die as freemen jealous of their rights and sacred honor only should die. AN OLD SOUTHERNER. [NIW TOR it CORRESPONDENCE.] New Your, Sept. 10,-1850. More of Jenny Lind—Her Visitors and Gifts — New Contract with Barnum—The Prize Song — Auction Sale, of Tickets for the. First Concert — Distinguished Strangers—The Effort at the. Five Points — Weather — Peaches, | Mr. Editor : Though some of your readers may i have already cried, “OAe, jam satis S’ I feel com pelled to devote * portion of this letter to our dis tinguished visitor, Jenny Lind ; for with us she is the universal topic, the one object of interest, the nine days wonder, the all-absorbing furor. We have al ways regarded our countrymen as altogether too much prone to “hero-worship,” and as exceedingly gullable when distinguished strangers are in the ease; but never did we ever conceive the possibility of an excitement parallel to that which the appear ance of “the Swedish Nightingale” has pro duced. Nor is this feeling confined to any class or condi tion of society ; the tradesman shares it with the ar istocrat, and the “upper crust” is as thoroughly im bued with it as the inferior peasantry. A great ma ny have called at the Trying House during the past week, for the purpose of paying their respects to the illustrious visitor; among the mors distinguished guests were the Mayor of the city, Cornelius W. Lawrence, ex-colleetor of this port, the lit. Rev. John Hughes, Roman Catholic Bishop of this Dioacs#, and Hon. Robert J. Walker, ex-Sscretary of the Treas ury. The invitations and presents that have poured in upon M’lle. Lind are without number; in the lat ter a number of our tradesmen seem to b* vieing with each otlser; while our hpt-housr* are as clear of flowers as if it were mid-winter, o numerous have been the bouquets culled from them for this unrivalled favorite. Mis* Lind, though she has not courted publicity, has by no means shown herself indifferent to these expressions of kindly feeling on the part of our citizens : *he is much pleased with their atten tions and seems to be delighted with all sho sees of our country. Since her arrival anew arrangement has been msde by the songstress with Mr. Bariium, superse ding all former contracts. She i* to receive the sum of SIOOO per night, for one hundred and fifty nights, in addition to which the nett proceeds of every con cert are to be divided equally between them. A* an equivalent for this liberal oiler of Mr. Barnum, M'lle. Lind has agreed to sing during her engagement in any part of Europe or America. Mr. Barnum prob ably feared that he could not, in this country alone, secure full houses for two hundred nights (the origi nal period of her engagement) at. the high price pro posed ; and it is expected that he will take her to i London during the great World’s Fair, or Industrial Exhibition, of 1851. Jenny binds herself, also, to I give concerts in this city until the price of tickets | shall be brought down to the minimum rate of $3. The committee to whom was allotted the selection ! of the best Prize Poem, had the arduous duty of ex j amining about seven hundred candidates. Two of | these seemed to be decidedly better than their com- I petitors, and one of these, which was decided to be | better adapted to music than the other, received the | prize. On opening the sealed envelope that aecom ; panled it, it was found to be the production of Bayard | Taylor, a gentleman who has recently obtained con i siderablc distinction in the paths of literature. After an examination of the various public places ! in this city, Mr. Barnum and Miss Lind, with the ad- ! | vice of the two musical companions of the latter, came i to the conclusion that Castle Garden was the best ; adapted, botn by its capacity and acoustic proper- ‘ | ties, for the concerts which will be given previous to j ; the finishing of the new hall. This is the place at I which the Italian Opera has been held during the ! summer, and it is computed to hold seven thousand j comfortably. The first concert is to be given to- ! morrow evening, and the auction of tickets took place I on Saturday last. Notwithstanding the heavy rain, no less than two thousand persons were assembled on the occasion, the entrance fee being one shilling For the first choice of seats, the first bid was S2O, and there was a spirited strife for it, the Irving House and the New York Hotel being the principal competitors. The bids ran up by fives and tens, until at last the first choice was knocked down to Grain, the hatter. for $250, who has chosen this way of having his name blazoned, and his business extended throughout the Union, “free, gratis, for nothing. ’ The second choice brought 525 ; the third, sdo; the stage box on the left, containing four scats, was secured by the New Y'ork Hotel for $l4O. Not to weary you with further details, upwards of fourteen hundred seats were disposed of for $0,119 25, the average being ! sfi 37 1-2. A sufficient number remain to bring at $3 each, nearly $20,000; and it is intimated that Miss Lind’s first concert will realise at least $25,000. The expenses of orchestra, &c., are stated by Mr. Barnum to be S4OOO a night. A number of the tickets were bought on speculation by Messrs. Win. Hall & Son, music publishers, who charge a com mission of five per cent, to purchasers. The above account of the sale of tickets seems al most incredible, but it must be recollected that this is i ; the first concert: the excitement cannot last very long, and the number of those who can afford • to pay such extravagant rates will soon be exhausted, i J predict that a much smaller sum will be realized by ; the next conceit, and that each, in succession, wiil I yield les* and less, until Mr. Barnum will be com polled, snd that, too, before many nights of her en gagement have passed, to bring her out somewhere i else. So much has been said and thought about Jenny S Lind, that hut little attention has been paid to the ar ; rival of other distinguished persons. Edmond Lafny j ette. a grandson of the departed hero and patriot, i came in the Atlantic her last trip. I also feel a : hearty pleasure in announcing that hereafter we may count among our fellow citizens, Carl Muller, the celebrated sculptor of the prize group, “The Minstrel's Curse;” lie was a pupil of d"Anger. The effort* recently commenced at the Five Points | bid fair to do, much good ; the Sunday meetings are quite well attended, and an impression seems at last | to have been produced on the wretched inhabitants of that quarter of our city. A singing school lias | been organized, which meets every Wednesday after | noon to practise. More than four hundred persons | have taken the temperance pledge, and in most oa ses it has been faithfully kept. Nearly a hundred persons are supplied with homes and work. A large accession to the number of those who attend church is confidently anticipated as soon as those who have this good work in charge are able to provide them \ with clothes sufficiently respectable. Our weather has become settled, and it i* jnatcool enough to be pLasant, the only drawback to refreshing nights being the musquitoes, who are as merciless and implacable a* hungry pettifoggers. Peaches have never been so plenty *s during the present sea ! son ; a million baskets have been brought to this city, and they are selling at so low a price that some of the farmer* in New Jersey have resolved not to bring j any more to market at present, but to dry thorn. Yours, P. Q. [YANKEX CORRESPONDENCE.] Boston, Sept. S, 1850. Heavy Rains—The Canadians coming down to vs — Jenny Lind and Barnum and lulls furore — Theatricals in Boston , <yc. Such rainy weather has not been known in Boston since the flood —though I can hardly say at that time either: seeing that according to DePauw and oth ers, Boston was not then in existence; these men holding and asserting that so long ago as the Cata clysm, the continent of America had not emerged from the chaotic waters ; whereby they would make this hemisphere of ours anew world in literal reality. But jumping back over our parenthesis, revenons a nos moutons , let us come to our hydrogen. For the last six days or so we hare been visited with torrents from the clouds —it has rained eats and dogs. For the Ifist twenty-four hours the clement has fallen sans intermissior. Just now—2 o’clock, p. m —the sun breaks out, for a moment, as if to see whether we are drowned or not. The news from the country districts in the Northern States will contain a great many freshets and fatalities,! expect. Several parts of Pennsylvania have been visited with heavy rains and their deplorable consequences? These deluges are sel dom or never partial. It would bo well if the tnetcorolo g'sts would give attention to discover the law of storms—rain storms or otherwise. But it is not so easy to interpret the laws and constitution of the at mosphere. A day or two ago a large party of Queen Victoria’s subjects came down from Montreal. Quebec and oth er places in Canads, to ce oar city, and cultivate sen timents of kindness towards the republicans of these diggins—their own eater-aousinsand remote kindred. The visitors were of a highly respectable class—com prising the Hon. Mr. Hicks and Col. Gugy, mem bers of the Provincial Parliament; lion. Judge Badgiey—honorable ex-msyors, sheriffs, town-may ors, colonels, aldermen, councillors and a great many barristers. Those gentlemen were received in very hospitable state by Mayor Bigelow, at Revere House, and cordially welcomed to the city of Boston. There were short speeches on the occasion, and, altogether, many happy interchanges of sentiment between hosts and guests. Every thinking person must regard all thi* as very remarkable and very suggestive. It is a very pleasant thing, indeed, to see people, railed off from each other, by the fate that made them separate nationalities, putting the barriers aside fora time, and coming to slinks hands with one another. There is a talk in this city now that a party of our mnnici j pal authorities will shortly return the visit, and go to see the people of Montreal and other places. Those whom war has disjoined commerce is going to bring together. It is palpable that this spirit of fraternisa tion has had its origin—or at least its impulse—in the late proposal for a joint railway to bring New Eng land and the Northern provinces in communication with a great Atlantic route between this continent and Europe, one of the termini of which would be at Cape Cansean, in Nova Scotia. The feeling that the best interests both of English subjects and American citizens are involved in this great project, has anima ted our neighbors with a desire to come among us and know us more intimately, and also disposed us, in turn, to respond fraternally to such felicitous over tures. The people of Maine are going on with that portion of the contemplated road which lies within that State ; and there is no doubt that the English ; colonists will influence tlu-ir government to help the thing along. 1 jlis social and commercial intercourse | between the British provinces and the States, would : be of tlie highest importance, not alone in the pres ent. but prospectively. It would lead, in the end, to j the peaceful and prosperous union of the colonies to this federation. Thera was, therefore, something I mors t-'an ceremony and sight-seeing in the reception of these visitors and their curious and gratified pe rambulations about the city—surveying its lions and ; all notable thing*, and gathering correct notion* of the Yankee people and their capacities. T have an idea—though I whisper it under a terrified sense of I conviction—that the visit of these provincials to Bos- ! | ton may be as important to the country and to the j future prospects of it as is the visit of Jenny Lind to | New York, But, perhaps, lam wrong—l fear I am. j ; Hear how New 4 ork shouts to welcome her 1 See j tiic people in a frenzy, and bouquets darkening the | jair! I retreat! Nothing like Jenny! No” visit j liko ,lerfl - aft er all. Huzza for Jenny Lind ! No j i thinking of any thing else but Jenny Lind ! Huzza I and hosanna! M hat does Shakspeare say in “As ; lou Like It ?” ll* absolutely prophesies eoncern ; ing Jenny Lind : “From the East to Western Ind, No jewel is like Jenny Lind ; Her worth being mounted on the wind, Thro’ all the world bears Jenny Lind. All the pictures fairest lin’d. Are but black to Jenny Lind. Let no face be kept in mind. But tlte face of Jenny Lind !” There ! like another Touchstone, “I’ll rhyme you eight years together, dinners, suppers and sleeping hours excepted.” Barnaul is in his glory— For Jenny Lind is queen to-dav, And he is general under ! I ’ lie has magnificently dispensed, disbursed and paid down S2OO to Bayard Taylor, for the “Greeting Song.” Bayard Taylor has overcome six hundred poetasters, and having woke on Thursday morning found himself famous, as Byron said. His name is now bound up with Jenny s for a time, and will “Pursue the triumph and partake the gale” of her ovations. Jenny is about beating a retreat from the Irving House. Forty thousand men and women beleague that hotel every day. They stand in the street and stare at the walls and window*. Sh® is flying up twenty-two streets — To seek a shelter in an humbler home. A gent, bought one of the Lind’s gloves (which she had Jr opt in Mercer street) from the finder, paying him $5. The owner—he is from Boston —is now i making a very good trade of the delicate gauntlet. ll® charges two dollars for a kis* at tha insid* of it one ditto, ditto, at the outside! Upon my life it is tr ic! What will you lay it’s a lie? The people all or e 1 out that Howard, of the Irving, i paid Jenny SIOOO for her presence at his house. ll® j comes out and denies it! “Jenny Lind pays hita like any other boarder!” I* not this laughable ? I Barnum has made a fresh engagement with th j “Nightingale” —to wit: instead of so much ($1000) * ! night or day, she will hare half his profits, on condi tion that she shall remain under his engagement,- not alone in this country, but accompany him to Eng land. on the meeting of the great Industrial Show, in 1851. Barnum is certainly the Napoleon of man ager*. But Jenny is turning the heads of the oi polloi* Her firt exhibition i* to be at the Ca*tlc Garden, next Wednesday. So look out for the list of the crushed to death in the rush which will take place on that event ful night. I have an idea that two musical amateurs and a large woman will be suffocated. But a friend goo* in for two aldermen .three editors,a policeman and six unknown, in addition to the foregoing. God save the people ! for they are in peril just now, of squeez ing out their own wind, to hear Jenny’s divine affla tus. It will be some comfort to their ghosts, how ever, to know the coroner’s jury will bring in a ver dict, “Died of Jenny Lind.” Hallo my fancy, whitlior wilt thou go ? It is a sort of bathos, or sinking in “harmony,” to talk of the theatrical entertainments of this place, after discoursing of Jenny. I throw you these local facts with indifference. Under the lesseeship and musical guidance of Max Marebzek, a grand Hunga rian Musical Festival is taking place at the Boston theatre. There is a Pot Pourri, a musical melange of thirty language* done every night in the happiest style of confusion. The effect is delightfully bother ing and highly applauded. Mis* Mary Taylor i* playing at the Howard Athcncum, and Mr. Booth is doing the same at the Boston Museum. A dra matic debutant, named Buchanan, plays at tho Na tional. He imitate* humanity, as it pi vases God, and will improve, the newspapers say. Tho “golden opin ions” lie is gathering have a great deal of quartz in them. We have got a mechanic's exhibition at Fanueil Hall, where a vast variety of articles and mechanical matters are on show. I must have a peep at them. A meeting of Mayor Bigelow's friends took place here for the purpose of getting him nominated for next governor. But it was not as influential a* h® deserved, and the enemies of the movement laugh at it as a failure. But the twenty-four hours’ rain is ever, in earnest. Let me go and gulp a little oxygen on the common, and let this rambling sheet go to—ahem ! —to Geor gia. YANKEE DOODLE. [Correspondence of the Baltimore Sun.] Washington, Sept. 11. Facing the Music—Seward s Slave Bill —l ieict of the South—The Free Colored People, tj-c. “Facing the music” is still a part of the general orders in the Senate. The music now consists, first, of Mr. Chase’s Wit mot proviso revived ; second, of Mr. Seward's proposition to abolish slavery in tha District; and the third, of a bill expected from Mr, | Hale to suppress the intcr-Stnte fluvo trade. Air. Halo i announced his return to his seat by a flourish in *np | port of Mr. Seward's proposition. lie made a simi lar one in the House, some time ago, and got *even votes for it. It is evident that the object of this trio is to coun teract whatever tendencies may exist towards a sup pression of the slavery agitation in Congress, and among the people South and North, and lay down a platform for their party, upon which they are to stand at tho election. They will denounce every man who admits the power to abolish slavery in the District and will not vote to carry it out. Mr. Soward denounced Mr. Clay, Mr. Winthrop and Mr. Dayton, and.aH who held to the doctrine that Con gress had power over the subject. There are but six hundred slaves in the District, and Mr. Seward proposes to pay the owners $200,- 000 for them, and throw them, young and old, creep ing infancy and tottering age, uj oii the tender chari ties of abolitionism. Mr. Seward says lie lias passed j the middle age of life without an opportunity to leg- I islate-on this subject, and now that he has a chance, i he will avail himself of it. for he could notmoet hi* constituents nor his God without executing this duty to both. Mr. Seward's speech was evidently well meditated. YV c are only at the beginning of this renewed agi tation. More wounds were opened to-day than will be speedily closed. Mr. Pearce characterized the dis cussion that followed, as an episode in the debate, as mischievous and disorderly. There was more excite ment developed in the Senate than has been mani fested in that body on any recent occasion. Thi* grew chiefly out of a controversy that arose between .‘•ir. M inthrop on tho one side and Senators Butler and Jefferson Davis oil tho other, as to the number and extent of abuses alleged to be practised under laws of Southern States, or under municipal regula tions of Southern cities,whereby free colored seamen, citizens of Northern States, are taken from their ves sels and imprisoned until the vessel leaves port, or, if not taken out, are liable to be sold as slaves. The subject is one which is very irritating both to Northern and Southern people, as was shown to-day. To-morrow, I presume, it will be renewed. The bill to suppress the slave trade in the District, will be di | minished in value if the provisions respecting free i colored persons be stricken out, according to tho : wishes of our Northern men. Nine-tenths of tho expenses attending criminal jurisprudence of this District arise from the free colored people. It is much to be desired that the corporate authori ties have power to prevent their ingress into the city, and to remove those who will not conform with tho laws; and at their discretion, enforce laws, by fine, imprisonment or labor. Mr. Pearce’s proposition, to the above effect, will, it is hoped, be retained in tho j bill. [From the Rome Southerner.] j Southern Rights Association in Floyd. j Previous notice having been given, a meeting I was held in the Court House, in Rome on the i 2.9 th inst„ for the purpose of forming a Southern ; Rights Association for Floyd County. Col. N. Bass was called to the Chair, and G. P. Hamilton requested to act as Secretary. _On motion the following gentlemen were chosen as officers of the association: Col. N. Bass, President; Col. A. K. Patton, Vice Presi dent; VVm. Johnson, Esq., Corresponding Sec retary, and C.P. Hamilton, Recording Secretary. Hon. B. F. Porter offered the following resolu tions, which were unanimously adopted: Resolved , That the preserving and systematic assaults made by the non-slaveholding States upon the property and feelings of the slavehold ing States render it expedient and proper that the latter should adopt measures to arrest the grievance, and secure to themselves that peace and safety, the enjoyment of which is the object of all government.’ Resolved, That the attacks upon our honor and our interest subject us at once to insult and