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Tin: SOUTHERN SENTINEL Is published every Thursday Morning, IN* COLUMBUS, GA. BY WILLIAM H. CHAMBERS, EDITOR AND PROPRIETOR. To whom all communications must be directed, post paid. Office on Randolph Street. Terms of Subscription. One copy twelve months, in advance, - - 92 r>o “ “ “ “ Not in advance, -3 00 “ “ Six “ “ “ - 150 icre the subscription is not paid during the rear, 13 cents will be charged for even’ month's delay. No subscription will be received for less than six months, and none discontinued until all arrearages are paid, except at the option of the proprietor. To Clubs. Five copies twelve months, ... SIOOO Ten “ “ “ 16 00 Z-W The money from Clubs must ia nil eases ac company the names, or the price of a single subscription will be charged. Rates of Advertising. On# Square, first insertion, - - - fit) “ “ Each subsequent insertion, - 50 A liberal deduction on these terms will be made in favor of those who advertise by the year. Advertisements not specified as to time, will be pub lished till.forbid, and charged accordingly. Monthly Advertisements will be charged as new Ad vertisements at each insertion. Legal Advertisements. N. B.—Pales of Lands, by Admini-trators, Ex ecutors, or Guardians, are required by law to be held on the first Tuesday in the month, between the hours of 10 in the forenoon, and 3 in the afternoon, at the Court House in the county in which the land is situated. No tices of these sales must be given in a public gazette sixty days previous to the. day of sale. Sales of Negroes must be made at a public auction on the first Tuesday of the month, between tiie usual hours of sale, at the place of public sales in the county where the Letters Testamentary, of Administration or Guardianship,may have been granted, first giving sixty n<YS notice thereof in one of the public gazettes of this State, and at the door of tho Court House, where such sales are to be held. Notiee for the sale of Personal property must be given in like manner forty days previous to the day of sale. Notice to the Debtors and Creditors of an estate must bo published forty days. Notice that application will be made to the Court of Ordinary for leave to sell Land, must be published for FOUR MONTHS. Notice for leave to sell Negrof.s must be published for four months, before any order absolute si tall be made thereon by the Court. Citations for Letters of Administration, must be pub lished thirty days- —-for dismission from administration, monthly six months —for dismission fiom Guardianship, forty days. Rui.es for the foreclosure of a Mortgage must be pub lished monthly for roUR months —lor establishing lost papers, for the full space of three months — for com pelling titles from Executors or Administrators, where a Bond has been given by the deceased, the full space of three months. Publications will always be continued accordingto these legal requirements, unless otherwise ordered. SOUTHERN SENTiNEL Job Office. Having received anew and extensive assortment of Job Material, we arc prepared to execute at this office,all ordersfor JOB WOR K, in a manner which can not he excelled in the State, on very liberal terms, and at the shortest notiee. We feel confident of our ability to give entire satisfac tion in every variety of Job Printing, including Books, Business Cards, Pamphlets, BUI Heads, Circulars, Blanks of every description, Hand Bills, Bills of Lading, Posters, fc. fc. < fyc. In short, all descriptions of Printing which can be ex ecuted at any office iu the country, will be turned out with elegance and despatch. County Surveyor. ’"pUIE undersigned informs his friends and the Planters JL of Muscogee county, that he is prepared to make official surveys in Muscogee county. Letters addressed t Post Office. Columbus, will meet with prompt atten tion. WM. F. SERRELL, County Surveyor. Office over E. Barnard A. Co.’s store, Broad St. Columbus, Jan. 31,1350. 3 ly NOTICE. rpHE firm name of “M. 11. Dessau. A gent,” is changed, _L from this date, to M. H. DESSAU. Columbus, Feb. 7, ISSO. 6 ts JAMES FORT, ATTORNEY AT LAW, HOLLY SPRINGS, MISS. Jaly 4, 185#. 27 6m Williams & Howard, ATTORNEYS AT LAW, COLUMBUS, GEORGIA. F.DBT. R. HOWARD. CIIAS. J. WILLIAMS. April 4, 1850. 14 ts J. 1). LKNXARO, ATTORNEY AT LAW, TAI.IiOTTOX. <;A. WILL attend to business in Talbot and the adjacent’ counties. All business entrusted to his care will meet with prompt attention. April 4,1850. 14 ly KING A- WINNEMORE, Commission Merchants, MOBILE, ALABAMA. Dec. 20,1849. [Mob. Trih.] 15 ts GODFREY At SOLOMONS, Factors and Commission Merchants, SAVANNAH, GEORGIA. JAMIS E. GODFREY, E- W. SOLOMONS. REFERENCES. *KV. JA*. E. EVANS, REV. RAMI’EL ANTHONY. Savannah. Talbotton. RIDOWAV l GINSY, N. OL’SF.I.T A SON, Columbus. Macon. July 23 30 6m. THIS PAPKR IS MANVFAI TUBED HY THE Rock Island Factory, NEAR THIS CITY. Columbus, Feb. 23, 1850. ts NORTH CAROLINA Mutual Life Insurance Company. LOCATED AT RALEIGH, N. C. MPHE Charter of this company gives important advan- I tages to the assured, over most other companies. The husband can insure his own life for the sole use and benefit of his wife and children, free from any other claims. Persons who insure for life participate in the profits which are declared annually, ana when the pre mium exceeds S3O, may pay one-half in a note. Slaves are insured at two-thirds their value for one or five years. Applications for Risks may bo made to JOHN MUNN. Agent, Columbus, Ga. ecr Office at Greenwood & Co.’s Warehouse. Nov. 15,1849. ts WANTED. -J AA AAA lbs. RAGS. Cash paid for clean cot IVV.vUU ton or linen rags—l cents per pound, when delivered in quantities of 100 pounds or more ; and 31 cents when delivered in small quantities. For old hemp, bagging, and pieces of rope, 1 * cents, delivered either at Rock Island Factory or at their store in Co lumbus, in the South comer Room of Oglethorpe House. D. ADAMS, Secretary. Columbus, Feb. 28, 1860. 9 ts TO RENT, TILI, the first day of January next. The old printing office room of the “Muscogee Democrat’” Apply at this office. 18 ts. M Globe Hotel, BUK.\A VISTA, MARION CO., GA. BY J. WILLIAMS. March 14,1850. . II ts POETS of America. Poets of England. The best Compilations of Poetry now published. For sale by B. B. deGRAFFENRIED. Sept. 19 NOTICE. ALL persons are forbidden from misting mv wife REBECC A AYNCHBACHER, on my account as I shall pay no debts of her contraction from this date SAMUEL AYNCHBACHER. September 12, 1860. 37 ts VOL. I. lUigii [From the Philadelphia Dollar Newspaper.] T O A l T I M N. BY M. WIIEELER. Not like the gladsome summer comert thou, O, autumn, bold—thou of the bended brow! Thou comest like a messenger of death, Killing the bright earth with thy frosty breath. Over the mountains lone, sweeping along. Thou eoine -t like the dread Ghoul with thy throng, Feasting upon the tilings which died to hear That thou was coming unto them so near. Before thee fall the flowers of brighter days— They wither at the coldness of thy gaze!” Behind thee rise the spirits of despair, They flourish wildly when the earth’s laid bare! Oh! dark the clouds which hover o’er thy way, Obscuring on the earth the sun’s bright ray; But darker still the prospect here below, Wherever thou dost wander to and i’ro. i Solemnly old men sit by dying fire-i, I l .util dark day in darker night expires— J Sit and bemoan the fate ol olden time*, Telling them o'er until the midnight chimes. The gay of youth grow sad beneath thy frown, And wander pensively with eyes cart down; W coping—they scarce know why—with hearts of wo, I And all accustomed pleasure* now forego. Autumn! hold autumn! now away! avaunt! Thou shalt no longer earth and heaven daunt. Yet *t*y! not tunc.’ there shrills a louder cry! It is the Winter King! J:c draweth nigh! THE MORMONS, A Discourse delivered before the ILs- TOKit'AL Society cf Pennsylvania, March 26, IS3O, by Thomas L. Kane. Second Edition. Philadelphia: King i & Baird, Printers. A pungent, graphic \ indication of tho per * sonal qualities of the Mormons, hv one who | has lit ml among them, known them in their j hour of persecution, anti experienced their ! virtues. The notices of the sect in this vivid ! discourse commence with the author's arrival | at Nattvoo, immediately upon their expulsion in 181(3. lie found remaining on an un wholesome flat of the Mississippi, the last relics of the sick, weak, or decrepid, neces sarily left behind—all that was left, on t.iie spot, of a population of twenty thousand persons, ot the possessors in Missouri or Illi nois of twenty millions of despoiled property. The Mormon fortunes are traced from that day—on the pYairie, in the wilderness, amid the hardships of winter, in the desolation of fever, in the camp, on the march, in acts of suffering, in heroism, in mutual self-devotion until the exultation of the promised land. The Pilgrim Fathers of the East contend for a title which falls inevitably to these peers of the old Israelites, the V\ anderers over the W ildcrncss of the West. They have been literally strangers and pilgrims, have had their cruel Pharaohs on waters sometimes compar ed with the .Nile—the Mississippi. They summoned their wives and children for es cape, and like the nomades of the East, with their flocks and their tents, and their little ones, traversed the desert. Nerved by an enthusiasm which only religious faith fan supply, they conquered every privation. The simplicity of their manners, their prudence, their industry, the enduring virtues of disas ter, have proved the conquering ones of peace. The mountain-locked lakes of the Rocky Mountains, with the connecting Jordan, are their Palestine, where they sit down to build up in great prosperity their New Jerusalem. Should they bear wealth as they have borne persecution, they will remain the most extra ordinary people on this continent. They are now in the first vigorous formative growth of anew nation developed by a living princi ple, and that principle is religious enthusiasm. W hatever wretched associations there may be connected with some of the forms and pretences identified with the early history of the Mormons, this principle is the sound leaven of their character. It is of the faith which “removes mountains.” We must not seek to identify always tho principal with the accessories. The purest treasure of this kind, we are told, is commit ted to “ earthen vessels.” The charity which we allow to Heathendom, to Mussulmans, to sects nearer home, should cross the Mississip pi. \\ e tolerate communities of Shakers, and respect their good deeds, honoring in them the motive; but the Mormons, with many of the peculiar virtues of the Shakers, appear certainly a far more liberal and en lightened body. The basis of their system seems to be a healthy love of industry, with a certain com munity of feeling. The individual is strength ened bv the mass. The most profitable in vestment of labor is made by system and union. The order of their equipments on their long march secured the respect of the Indians, who preferred to attack less compact bodies. The captain over ten wagons obey ed a captain of fifty, who himself submitted to the ruler of a hundred or the High Council of the Church. At an encampment well ventilated squares and quadrangles were formed. The streets between the outer rows of wagons were shaded with arbor-work for the shelter of invalids and the town promen ade after the cheerful persevering toil which ruled the day. The mechanical genius which this sect possesses, secured by the handi craftsmen of the Eastern States and England, was constantly employed. A road four hundred leagues in length has been laid out through the Indian territory, says Mr. Kane, “ with substantial well-built bridges, fit for the passage of heavy artillery, over all the streams, except a few great rivers, where they have established permanent ferries.” These labors wore encountered with the holi day spirit of the voluntary toils of children. “ Every day closed as every day began, with an invocation of the Divine parent. They had the sort of strong stomached faith that is still found embalmed in sheltered spots of Catholic Italy and Spain, with the spirit of the believing or Dark Ages.” In sickness and perils they were tried to the uttermost, but faith and charity bore them through. Our author presents ns with numerous characteristic anecdotes, in picturesque terms. This is his account of “the consecration of the Nauvoo temple on the approach of the threatened exile: the temple at nauvoo. “The Mormons outside Nauvoo were in deed hard pressed; but inside the city they maintained themselves very well for two or three months longer. “ Strange to say, the chief part of this respite was devoted to completing the struc ; ture of their quaintly devised but beautiful Temple. Since the dispersion of Jewry, probably, history affords us no parallel to the attachment ot the Mormons for this edi fice. Every architectural element, every most fantastic emblem it embodied, was as sociated, for them, with some cherished fea ture of their religion. Its erection had been enjoined upon them as a most sacred duty : they were proud of the honor it conferred upon their city, when it grew up in its splen dor to become the chief object of the admi ration of strangers upon the Upper Mississip pi. Besides, they had built it as a labor of love; they could count up to half a million the value of their tithings and free-will offer ings laid upon it. Hardly a Mormon woman had not given up to it some trinket or pin money. The poorest Mormon man had at least served the tenth part of his year on its walls; and the coarsest artisan could turn to it with something of the ennobling attach ment of an artist for his fair creation. There fore, though their enemies drove on them ruthlessly, they succeeded in parrying the last sword-thrust, till they had completed even the gilding of the angel and trumpet on the summit of its lofty spire. Asa clos ing work, like a baptismal mark on the fore head : The House or the Lord : BUILT BY TIIE CHURCH OF JESUS CHRIST OF LATTER-DAY SAINTS. Holiness to the Lord ! “ Then, at high noon, under the bright sunshine of May, the next only after its com pletion, they consecrated it to divine service. There was a carefully studied ceremonial for the occasion. It was said the high elders of the sect travelled furtively from tho Camp of Israel in the Wilderness; and throwing off ingenious disguises, appeared in their own robes ot holy office, to give it splendor. “ For that one day the temple stood re splendent in all its typical glories of sun, moon and stars, and other abounding figured : and lettered signs, hieroglyphs and symbols: I but that day only. The sacred rites of con i secration ended, the work of removing the ! sacrosancta proceeded with the rapidity of j magic. It went on through the night; and when the morning of the next day dawned, all the ornaments and furniture, everything that could provoke a sneer, had been carried off; and except some fixtures that would not bear removal, the building was dismantled to the bare wall. “ It was this day saw the departure of the last elders, and the largest baud that moved in one company together. The people of lowa have told me, that from morning to night they passed westward like an endless procession. They did not seem greatly out of heart, they said; but, at the top of every hill, before they disappeared, were to be seen looking back, like banished Moors, on their abandoned home, and the far-seen Temple, and its glittering spire.” A great agency in sustaining the emigrants was their band of music : THE mormon orchestra. “ Well as I knew the peculiar fondness of! the Mormons for music, their orchestra i:i service on this occasion astonished me by its numbers and fine drill. The story was, that an eloquent Mormon missionary had converted its members in a body at an Eng lish town, a stronghold of the sect, and that they took up their trumpets, trombones,drums, and hautboys, together, and followed him to America. “ When the refugees from Nauvoo were hastening to part with their table-ware, jew elry, and almost every other fragmcqgn of metal wealth they possessed that was iron, they had never a thought of giving up the in struments of this favorite band. And when the battalion was enlisted, though high in ducements were offered some of the perfor mers to accompany it, they all refused. Their fortunes went with the Camp of the Taberna cle. They had led the Farewell Service in the Nauvoo Temple. Their office was now to guide the monster chorusses and Sunday hymns; and like the trumpets of silver made ot a whole piece, ‘ for the calling of the as sembly, and for the journeyings of the camps,’ to knoll the people into church. Some of their wind instruments, indeed, were uncom monly full and pure toned, and in that clear dry air could be heard to a great distance. It had the strangest effect in the world to listen to their sweet music winding over the uninhabited country. Something in the style of a Moravian death-tune blown at day-break, but altogether unique. It might be when you were hunting a ford over the Great Platte, the dreariest ot all wild rivers, perplexed among the far-reaching sand-bars and cur lew shallows of its shifting bed—the wind rising would bring you the first faint thought of a melody; and, as you listened, borne down upon the gust that swept past you a cloud ot the dry sifted sands, you recognized it—perhaps a home-loved theme of Henry Proch or Mendelssohn. Mendelssohn Bar tholdy, away there in the Indian Marches!” We get another-glimpse of this Band on the Anniversary of the Pioneers’ arrival in the \ allev of Deseret, commemorated the 24th July* 1849. “ The Great Band was there, too, that had helped their humble hymns through all the wanderings of the Wilderness. Through the ; many 7 trying marches of 1846, through the j fierce winter ordeal that followed, and the I long journey after, over plain and mountain, j it had gone unbroken, without the loss of j any of its members. As they set out from ‘ England, and as they set out from Illinois, so ! they all came into the valley together, and j together sounded the first glad notes of tri- j umph when the Salt Lake City was founded. | It was their right to lead the psalm of praise, j Anthem, song and dance, all the innocent : and thankful frolic of the day owed them its ! chief zest. ‘ They never were in finer kev.’” j Os the feeling of community, stronger than j the love of life, which sometimes ruled the 1 Mormon, we have this graphic anecdote : j the pursuer of the camp. “ I remember a signal instance of this at | the Papillon Camp. “ It was that of a joyous-hearted, clever ; fellow, whose songs and fiddle tunes were the ! life and delight of Nauvoo in its merry days. I forget his story, and how exactly it fell 1 about, that after a Mormon’s full peck of i troubles, he started after ns with his wife and j little ones from some ‘lying down place’ in ■ the Indian country, where he had contended with an attack of a serious malady. He was | just convalescent, arid the fatigue of march- j ing on foot again with a child on his back, 1 COLUMBUS, GEORGIA, THURSDAY MORNING, NOVEMBER 7, 1850. speedily brought on a relapse. But his anxi ety to reach a place where lie could expect to meet friends with shelter and food, was such that he only pressed on the harder. Probably for more than a week of the dog star weather, he labored on under a high fever, walking every day until he was entirely ex hausted. “ His limbs failed him then ; but his cour age holding out, he got into his covered cart on top of its freight of baggage, and made them drive him on, while lie lay down. They could hardly believe how ill he was, he talked on so cheerfully— ‘ I’m nothing on earth ail ing but home-sick; I’m cured the very minute I get to camp and see the brethren.’ “ Not being able thus to watch his course, lie lost his way, and had to regain it through a wretched tract of Low Meadow Prairie, where there were no trees to break the noon, nor water, but what was ague-sweet or brack ! ish. By the time he got back to the trail of the High Prairie, ho was, in his own phrase, ‘ pretty far gone.’ Yet he was resolute in his purpose as ever, and to a party he fell in with, avowed his intention to be cured at the camp, ‘and nowhere else.’ He even jested with them, comparing his jolting couch to a sum mer cot in a whitewashed cockloft. ‘ But I'll make them take me down,’ he said, ‘and give me a dip in the river when 1 get there. All I care for is to see the brethren.’ “ His determined bearing rallied the spirit of his travelling household, and they kept on their way until he was within a few hours’ journey of the camp. He entered on his last day’s journey with the energy of increased hope. “ I remember that day well. For in the evening I mounted a tired horse to go a short errand, and in mere pity had to turn back be fore I had walked him a couple of hundred yards. Nothing seemed to draw life from the languid air but the clouds of gnats and stinging midges; and long after sundown it was so hot that the sheep lay on their stom achs panting, and the cattle strove to lap wind like hard fagged hunting dogs. In camp, I had spent the day watching the invalids and the rest hunting the shade under the wagon bodies, and veering about them, like tho shad ows round the sun-dial. I know I thought myself wretched enough to be of their com pany. “ Poor Merryman had all that heat to bear, with the mere pretence of an awning to screen out the sun from his close muslin cockloft. “ He did not fail till somewhere hard upon noon. He then began to grow restless to know accurately the distance travelled. He made them give him water, too, much more frequently; and when they stopped for this purpose, asked a number of obscure questions. A little after this he discovered himself that a film had come over his eyes. He confessed that this was discouraging; but said with stubborn resignation, that if denied to see the brethren, he still should hear the sound of their voices. “ After this, which was when he was hardly three miles from our camp, he lay very quiet, as if husbanding his strength ; but when he had made, as is thought, a full mile further, being interrogated by the woman that was driving, whether she should stop, he answered her, as she avers, * No, no ; go on !’ “ The anecdote ends badly. They brought him in dead, 1 think about five o’clock of the afternoon. He had on Ids clean clothes; as he had dressed himself in the morning, look ing forward to his arrival.” The Utah Chief “ Walker,” is well pen cilled : A GENTLEMAN INDIAN. “ If accounts are true, the Utahs arc brave fellows. They differ obviously from the de ceased nations, to whose estates we have taken it upon ourselves to administer. They ride strong, well-limbed Spanish horses, no"t ponies; bear well cut rifles, not shotguns, across their saddle-bows; and are not with out some idea of military discipline. They carry their forays far into the Mexican States, laying the inhabitants under contributions, and taking captive persons of condition, whom they hold to ransom. They are, as yet at least, little given to drink ;’ some of them manifest considerable desire to acquire useful knowledge; and they are attached to their own infidel notions of religion, making long journeys to the ancient cities of the Colorado, to worship among the ruined tem ples there. The Soldan of these red Pav niins, too, their great war chief, is not with out his knightly graces. According to some of the Mormons, lie is the paragon of Indians. His name, translated to diminish its excel lence as an exercise in prosody, is Walker. He is a fine figure of a man, in the prime of life. He excels in various manly exercises, is a crack shot, a rough rider, and a great judge of horse flesh. , “ He is besides, very clever, in our sense of the word. He is a peculiarly eloquent mas ter of the graceful alphabet of pantomime, which stranger tribes employ to communicate with one another. He has picked up some English, and is familiar with Spanish and several Indian tongues. He rather affects j the fine gentleman. W hen it is his pleasure to extend his riding excursions into Mexico, to inflict or threaten outrage, or to receive the instalments of his black mail salary, be will take offence if the poor people there fail to kill their fattest beeves, and adopt other measures to show him obsequious and distin guished attention. He has more than one black-eyed mistress there, according to his j own account, to whom he makes love in her language. His dress is a full suit of the richest broadcloth, generally brown, cut in European fashion, with a shining beaver hat, and fine cambaic shirt. To these, lie adds his own gaudy Indian trimmings, and in this way contrives, they say, to look superbly, when he rides at the head of his troop, whose richly caparisoned horses, with their embroid ered saddles and harness, shine and tinkle as they prance under their weight of gay metal ornaments.” Such is Mr. Kane’s picture of the modern exodus. It is followed by an enthusiastic ac count of “ the most wonderful prosperity” of Deseret. W e cannot pursue the unexam pled detail. Its history lies before us in the daily newspapers, in every record of good j deeds to the California emigrants. An ap- ■ pendix vindicates the Mormon character from idle slanders, and guarantees the good faith and principles of the present leaders, Gov. Brigham Young, Heber C. Nimball, and Secretary W illard Richards. Here are materials for study and reflection. In the rapid movement of the last few years, i this Mormon problem has been overlooked; but it now rises before us demanding solution. It is a strange story of domestic manners, of religious fanaticism, of a want of the times to these Mormons, both social and religious; and, if we go back to the first period of its dismal persecutions and alleged corruptions in Illinois, a sad reckoning of frontier crimes and evils, over which civilization makes its pathway of glorious progress — and at what cost! But at every stage of Mormon development we are deficient in information. The subject has attracted far too little attention. Passing before our eves almost, we are less informed of this movement than of the foreign internal or international difficulties of European States, or of past events, which are compara tively matters of idle curiosity. Mr. Kane’s address is an important contribution, and well calculated to stimulate inquiry; but enough remains to be done. To western rulers, and to the officers of our western army, we may look for an authentic, dispas sionate review of the events which have passed before them. The sources of Mormon influence must be sought in the social history of England, and what is worthy in the sys tem be sifted from tho chicanery and corrup tions, the miserable pretensions of tho spirit ual founders of this creed. [From tho Mobilo Tribune.] More Reasons. I am constrained to believe that a number of our fellow citizens, who have consented not only to acquiesce in, but exult over the late measures passed by Congress, have not duly weighed the importance of what they propose doing. Such a glorification meeting as is advertised to come off in Mobile, the emporium of one of the largest and most im portant slave States in the Union, seems more like a dream than a sober reality. Mobile! owes its past, its present, and its future pros perity to the product of slave labor; its citi zens of every class, and of every profession have been and are dependent upon it. The sojourner here for a season, thrives by it, no matter where he goes to make a permanent investment ot his profits. Every* man, wo man and child in the city, whether here for He, or a few years ? gather toll from the labor of slave population of this State, and it does seem like fatuity to behold a meeting called to rejoice over laws, that point, as if with the finger of destiny, to the ultimate and com plete subversion of an institution interwoven with our domestic, social, religious and po litical relations. This is one of the most ominous signs of the times, and must fall with a startling knell upon the slave owners of the interior. Mobile, fed, clad, and built up by the productions of the slaves of Ala bama, is the first and only place at which a meeting has been called to sanction and re joice over a series of measures, destructive of Southern interest, ;>.nddegrading to South ern character. Can any man point to one of these meas ures that recognizes a solitary right of the South ? Can any man show in any particu lar, m what way wo are acknowledged as equals, and by what principle of justice we have been stopped from taking our property into the newly acquired territories ? Cali fornia, tiie common property of joint pro prietors, has been summarily closed against us. The voice of justice was smothered ini- j dor the incubation of free-soilism. The be hests of the constitution overruled and put under foot by the iron hoof of an invading and reckless majority. Pari passu, followed the associated bills, which constituted the im mortal omnibus—to the South a Moloch of destruction—to the North a juggernaut of’ worship. But are the wheels to stop here ? No sane man can believe it. The records of the pro ceedings of the legislatures of twelve non slaveholding States must first be blotted out, or construed to mean nothing. The doings of the numberless conventions in the North must stand as dead letters. The oracular out pourings ot the press must lie as vox, prcrJc rcunl nihil. The church wail from the Penob- j scot to the Potomac must pass as a “duck ling cymbal.” The reiterated declarations of North#rn representatives, high in the con fidence of their constituents, and potent in the councils of the nation, must go for bins- ! ter. Fanaticism must have found a head, and ; can reason. Bigotry a heart, and can feel. Power, and the lust of dominion, must have lost their instincts. Agitation, deep, bitter and wide, must have ceased. All that has transpired—all that lias been threatened—all that is in progress, must become obsolete, be fore we can conclude that there are peace ! and safety for the South. The admonitions of the past cannot fail to ; stand as land marks of the future. It would be interesting to trace from the ordinance of ’S7 down to the present Congress, the accu mulated aggressions of the North upon the South, and the alarming strides of abolition j doctrines all tending to one grand object, the ! annihilation of the institution of slavery, but the limits of ail article of this kind will not admit of it. At the point which abolitionism has reached the mind pauses, and sees as clearly as any result which has not taken place, can be seen, when and how the work is to go on. The slave States are now encompassed by a cordon of free States. The fiat lias gone forth that not another foot of slave territory shall be added to the Union. The Wilmot Proviso stands at the gates of entrance-—and on the wall is read the ominous hand-writing —J/ene, tnrne, tekel, upharsin. These are the signs of terrible significance! Here may be read the doom that free-soilism has marked for the South. Let us look to the process by which the great work is to be carried on. We cannot be mistaken when we say that in a few years, perhaps at the next session of Congress, slavery will be abolished in the District of Columbia. The entering wedge lias been driven—the power of Congress acknowl edged. It is only now a question of time. — The late proceedings of Congress are evi- ; dence conclusive of the fact. At the centre j of the nation, the deadly blow will be strick en. Before the same strong arm, will slave ry fall in the arsenals, dock yards, navy yards, and other places over which the government claims to exercise exclusive jurisdiction. Here the power of Congress may stop to catch breath, and to gather strength for re- i newed assaults and increased achievements. Let us see how it is proposed that it shall move off from this point. We assume as a postulate that not anoth- j er slaveholding State will come into this con federacy. lhere are at this time sixteen non slaveholding States, and we may say four teen slaveholding States, for we are saying practically. In the Senate the former have thirty-two votes, and the latter twenty-eight. In the House of Representatives, the present Northern majority vote may be set down at forty. On this question the Northern ma jority, judging from recent developments, will be solid and compact, while it must be said, to our humiliation and shame, that the South is not entirely united. The vote of Maryland, North Carolina, Kentucky and Missouri is divided; and these States, it is learned, cannot in the greatest, be relied up on with entire confidence. Some of their leading statesmen and honored representa tives have openly avowed their free-soil doc trines, while others have evinced a predilec tion that way. We also know that the North holds the preponderating power of numbers, which is being rapidly increased by the tide of immigration from the old world. We also have reason to know how the North is disposed to use the augmenting power. Rob Roy was not more conscien tious in his simple rulo of action, “That they should take who have tho power. And they should keep who can,” than is the North with its fraternal dealings with the South. From the hostility displayed by the North- j ern people to the institution of slavery, and i from their often declared design to attack it | wherever it is vulnerable, with all the moral power of the country, and with all the legal force of the government, and to drive it out | from among us; and from their unscrupu | lons disregard of constitutional barriers, held to be subordinate to what they call “natural i justice and the fundamental principles of the ! government,” we may very reasonably con- i ! dude that they will not he wanting when the power is at hand to consummate their sworn purpose. The Congress, when two-thirds of both I Houses shall deem it necessary, shall propose amendments to the constitution, &c. I have said that we had nothing to expect from tho forbearance of the North so soon as the pow | er was acquired for abolishing slavery. I Mhe fact has been stated, (and the correct- I ! n ess ot which, I believe, has not been ques tioned) that the territories including the late Mexican acquisitions contain an area suffi cient for twenty-five States of the ordinary size. Some of these territories will be soon knocking for admittance Into the Union.— Minnesota, Nebraska, Utah, New Mexico and Oregon may almost he said to be in process of admission. The California precedent shows that the act of admission will not be I one of difficulty. The exclusion of slavery in their organic law is tho only pre-requisite population, and that kind of population will interpose no obstacle. And it may be fairly assumed that half a million of foreign emi grants will annually pour into these territories, with habits, education, and prejudices op posed to the institution of slavery, and a ready co-operation between them and the existing free-soil party will take place, swell ing the political power, and the influence of this already formidable party, to the over throw of the slave States, As an inducement to fill up the territories and States with all kinds of people, a bill has actually passed the Senate, providing for the donation of three hundred and twenty acres of land to each family native or foreign, naturalized or not naturalized. What is the meaning of this? Evidently to invite by bounty the unnaturalized European masses to assist the free-soilers in consummating their acts of spoliation upon the South. But will tho reform stop here? Power was never known to relax in its humane offi ces from a consciousness of its strength.-* New acquisitions and conquests are rarely attended with moderation, and a keener sense of justice. Aggressions when stimulated by power, and heated by fanaticism, go for ward with an impetus that marks the law of gravitation. Not satisfied with having erased from the constitution the three-fifths base of representation, might will make right, and Congress will, in all human probability, seek another amendment, by which the whole subject of slavery shall be brought under its immediate control. What then, may be ask ed, will he the position and condition of the slaveholding States? The answer is fraught with a solution appalling beyond the de scription of my pen. A dark tragedy which the world has never before seen will be en acted. A war of desolation would follow the war of emancipation! The civilized world would feel the shock, and a yell of darkness overspread the faces of Christen dom. The South—the South, where would she be ? I leave the question to be answer ed by her present generation, upon whom the responsibility rests of averting, if possible, j such a dire catastrophe. This responsibility is forced upon the South and it should be met now, while her arm is not yet completely par alyzed and not transferred to posterity, as a legacy of moral cowardice. If, to this, the issue must come, (and if the Southern States slumber in a supposed security, to my mind it is inevitable,) why not now, when we are in a better condition to meet it than we shall j be five or ten years hence, prepare for our ! safety and self-protection ? It is idle to : look for moderation and justice at the hands ! of a dominant and tyrannical majority, who i maintain that slavery is a sin, a curse, an evil, a moral leprosy upon the body politic, and who hold that they are disgraced by their political connection with it, and so long j as it exists feel themselves implicated in the j sin, and to that extent consider themselves re sponsible for its continuance, and bound by every obligation to God and man, to cast it out from among this nation. What hope of security can we promise ourselves from that majority, who have not hesitated to violate the spirit, if not the very letter of the con stitution, when it stood in the way of their object? Scan the vote on Gott’s resolution, and you can form some idea of the feelings and sentiments of the entire Northern Rep resentatives in the House. But why refer to anj’particular resolution? The journals of Congress are studded with unmistakable j marks, and tell the South to read in the past, its future. If we are true to ourselves, and to all that is dear to us, we must heed these admonitions. One of the misfortunes of the present time is the difficult}’in making the South du ly sensible of the dangers which threaten her existence, and which must result, as surely as effect follows cause, or the thunderbolt the i 7 i lightning flash, from the recent legislation of Congress. TherO seems to boa fatal delusion shrouding the minds of many— a lack of ap preciation of what has happened, of what is occurring around us, and a disposition to turn from the contemplation of future events. Delu sive hope seeks comfort in feeble remon strance, and droops into submission. Party obligations fetter free thought and the manlv expression of opinions— palliate the outrages of the present, and promise relief at the altar of its favorite chieftain. Is an overt or di rect attack made upon our institutions, jeop ardizing the success of this party or that, the invocations of party spirit become the weird sisters, and the magic wand waves over the disturbed public mind, lulling and deceiving. Are outrages perpetrated upon the South, to be overlooked for the purpose of sustaining the administration and securing the spoils of victory. Is the Trojan horse about to be in troduced through a breach of the constitu tion into our citadel, we are told that it is a magnificent present, the free offering of our loving brethren, and we should welcome it ‘’ ith shouts ot joy. If our rights are assail ed, and our feelings insulted, the infliction* of injury is made the cause of its cure. Is tho ark of covenant broken, we are told that it can be mended by a compromise which takes all and gives nothing. Are measures passed hostile to the constitutional rights, property, quiet and safety of the slave States, the glo ry of the act must he attested by bon-fires, speeches, and other public manifestations of exultation. The South is assured that tho passage of the California bill with the ap pendages of concession, will now, and in all time to come, guard her rights, and protect her in the enjoyment of her property—re store harmony between the two sections, and preserve the constitution and with it the Union on the basis of State equality. If I believed this were so, I should certainly unito soul and body with the exultants on the Bth insfi But the very reverse is my honest con viction. Instead of rejoicing over our wrongs, we should mourn for the decay of the spirit of our fathers. Instead of stretching out our arms to receive the manacles and cuffs of our oppressors, we should lift them, as did our ancestors, to break these chains into atoms. Instead of approaching the altar reared for our sacrifice, and bending forward to lick, tho hand just raised to shod our blood, wo should put aside the livery of bondmen, and declare for equality, or prepare for indepejid cnce - CASSANDRA. NO. 45. [From the Charleston Daily Sun.] The Religion* Sentiment ot the North. In the letter lately addressed by Mr. Gray son to Gov. Senbrook, the writer alludes ‘to the attacks that have been made by the re ligious conventions and associations of the North, upon the character and institutions of the South, in terms so light as to show that he considers them matters of n'o importance whatever. He denies that they are “of evil augury, or portend civil and political dis sensions in the nation.” He compares, with what respect to analogy we are unable to discover, the separations in the Baptist and Methodist denominations of this country to the schism in the church of Scotland, forget ting that the divisions in the former were oc casioned by a matter which was entirely un connected with the religion's organization of the bodies, but which, on the contrary, was purely political, and was really more calcu lated to affect the constitutional union of tho States than that of the churches, while tlie separation in the Scottish church was occa sioned by a matter simply of church govern ment, namely, that of lay patronage. He trav els still farther out of the analogy of the ca ses, and compares these American divisions to the Galliean and ultramontane parties of the Roman church, or the Puseyite and Low church divisions of the English* while so in telligent a gentleman must have well known that the difference in these last cases are still more eminently and certainly, of a religious character, relating in one case to matters of discipline, and in the other to subjects of doctrine, finally, from these false premises ho draws the necessarily erroneous conclu sion that “in either case they prove nothing but thepronencss of theologians to wrangle,” and bids us regard the existence of this state of things as nothing more than “a certain idiosyncracy in an excellent, but irritable class of men, which is continually turning discussions into dispute.” Perhaps there is n-o better method of show ing the frivolous and unsound nature of thi3 argument than by quotinga few of these in stances of what the writer calls the “odium theologicum,” hut what we would rather term cases of an “odium politicum,” a hatred in which religion or theology'has no concern, but which springs from a bitterness of sec tional feeling far more dangerous, and far more likely to dissever all the bonds of na tional union than any mere religious discus sion could ever, in a! country like this, effect. We will not detain our readers by a refer ence to the divisions in the Methodist and Baptist churches. Those are now past.— The disunion lias been consummated, and they are portions of history which are too well known to need recapitulation. Let us confine ourselves to events that have occurred within a few days. Let us look at the pro ceedings of the latest religious associations of the free States, and see how much hatred —hitter, uncompromising hatred, and how little of charity or forbearance they have ex hibited to their brethren and fellow country, men of the South. And first, in Massachusetts. The largo majority of the people of that State are Unitarians. Some years ago, nine hundred of their ministers denounced the institution j of slavery in terms of the most unmitigated * severity, and now again they have repeated : the aggression. The Annual Unitarian Con j venfron was held at Springfield a week or two since, and a report of the proceedings contain the following language: “The discussions have been of great in terest, touching the distinguishing features of the doctrines of the sect, among the resolu tions adopted was one bearing against the Fugitive Slave Law. This created a warm discussion—many deeming its introduction incompatible with the object of the conven tion, but the great majority was in favor of denouncing the law.” Was there nothing in this action but a mere instance of the “odium thedogicum ?” Was the abandonmentof the appropriate religious discussion for which they had met, on the peculiar tenets of their sect, for the violent and obtrusive denunciation of a law of Con gress, affecting the rights and tho honor of the South, nothing more, to use the language | of the author of the letter, than “a certain idiosyncracy which is continually turning dis cussion into dispute.” We have not seen the precise language in which the Unitarians denounced the fugitive slave law, but have no doubt that it was not wanting in that energy of expression, with which the religious associations of the North have heretofore been wont to clothe their : demonstrations of hostile feeling towards the