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[From Murray’s Iland-Book.] A General View oi Holland. There is not, perhaps, a country in Europe, which will more surprise an intelligent travel ler than Holland. Although so near to our coasts, and so easily accessible, it is too often passed over by the English in their haste to reach the picturesque scenes of the Rhine and Switzerland. The attractions ol Hol land are certainly of a different kind; but they are of a character so entirely* peculiar, that whether a traveller visit this country at the outset or termination of his tour, he will be equally sure to lind in it what he lias not seen before. The routes from Rotterdam to Amsterdam, and thence to Cologne, described in the fol lowing pages, may be fully explored in ten days or aJorlnight'■ ; and there is certainly no road in Europe which in so small a space has so many curiosities to show, and upon which lie so many cities, great in commerce, and renowned in history. To a stranger, Holland appears hardly endurable as a country to re side in, but for a journey of two weeks the universal flatness and the monotony of scene ry are not tiresome. The aspect of the coun try is too strange to fatigue, and, indeed, in sunny weather, is very fertile in picturesque effects. A large part of Holland is a delta, formed of the alluvium deposited by the Rhine and other rivers, in the same manner as the Delta of Egypt has been formed by the Nile. The greater portion of it has been persever ingly rescued from the water, to whose do minion it nay almost be said to belong, by the continual efforts and ingenuity of man, and in a long series of years. Much of it is mud driven up by 7 the sea, in return for what it carries away from some parts of the coast. Were human agency and care removed but for six months, the waves wouUl, without doubt, regain their ancient dominion—so much of the land lies below the level of the sen; and an extensive tract of the country would he reduced to the state of those vast wastes, composed of sand and mud-banks, quite unfit for human habitation, which now lie at the mouths of the Nile and Mississippi. And yet these fields, gained with such difficul ty, and preserved by constant watchfulness, from the waters, have been, in more instances than one, inundated by their owners during their contests with foreign foes; and Dutch patriotism has not hesitated to subject the land to temporary ruin in the desire of pre serving liberty. The cutting of the dykes, and the opening of the sluice-gates, which was resorted to in order to tree Holland from Spanish tyranny, was a desperate resource, and in itself a national calamity, entailing beggary for some years upon a large portion of the population, owing to the length of time and the very great expense which a sec ond recovery of the land from the sea re quired. This glorious sacrifice, however, served to show that it needs not the moun tains of Switzerland, nor the fastnesses of Tyrol to enable a brave people to defend their native land. Holland may be considered in many re spects as the most yvonderful country, per haps, under the sun; it is certainly unlike every other. What elsewhere would bo con sidered as impossible, has here been carried into effect, and incongruities have been ren dered consistent. “ The house built upon the sand” may here be seen standing; neither Amsterdam nor Rotterdam has any better foundation than sand, into which piles are driven through many feet of superincumbent bog earth; and to form a correct idea of these and other wonderful cities and towns standing on the morass, one must not forget the millions of solid beams hidden under ground, which support them. We speak con temptuously of anything which is held to gether by straws, yet a long line of coast of several provinces is consolidated by no other means than a few reeds intermixed with straw wliisps, or woven into mats. Without this frail hut effectual support, the fickle dunes, or sand-hills, would be driven about into the in terior, and would overwhelm whole districts of cultivated land. In Holland the laws of nature seem to be reversed; the sea is higher than the land ; the lowest ground in the coun try is twenty-four feet below high-water mark, and, when the tide is driven high by the wind, 30 feet! In no other country do the keels of tho ships float above the chimneys of the houses, and nowhere else does the frog, croak ing from among the bulrushes, look down upon the swallow on the house top. Where rivers take their course, it is not in beds of their own choosing; they are compelled to pass through canals, and are confined within fixed bounds by the stupendous mounds im posed on them by human art, which has also succeeded in overcoming the everywhere else resistless impetuosity of the ocean : here, and no where else, does the sea appear to have half obeyed the command, “ Thus far shalt thou go, and no further.” In a very extensive district, the canals are brimful of water, which can hardly stir, and, when in motion, flows with a current barely perceptible. There is not a stone or pebble to be found, and there are no bills, save such as are raised by the winds; unless, indeed, we take into consideration those vast artificial mountains of granite, which have been brought at enormous expense from Norway and Swe den, and sunk under waterto serve as barriers to the sea. Excepting the eastern provinces, the parks of Ilaarletn and the Hague, and the avenues leading from one city to another, the land does not produce much wood; but then entire Norwegian forests have been buried be neath the mud in the shape of piles. “ The total of the hydraulic works between the Dollart and the Schelde have been estimated by a competent judge to have cost £300,000,- 000 sterling, and form in so small a country a most astonishing monument of humau in dustry.”— Telford. The constant attention which a Dutchman has been obliged to give to maintaining in perfect order the great works on which his safety depends, and the artificial nature of the country itselt which he has formed for his residence and support, has given a formal and methodical direction to his tastes in cases where Nature would have been better left to herself. Thus trees are often found growing, not in the natural way, but as they have been arranged by the plummet and line, in rank and file, in straight rows and avenues. Their branches are not allowed to spread abroad as nature intended, but are cut and clipped till they 7 are transformed into green walls, or are even trained into more grotesque shapes. By way of improving still further upon na ture, the trunks and lower branches are some times painted over with bright colors in North Holland, partly’ for the sake of cleanliness, partly’ to preserve them from insects. The Dutchman may be said to have made even the wind, his slave. It might lie suppos ed that the universal flatness, and the absence of those elevations which afford shelter to ether countries, would leave this at the mercy of every blast that blows, to sweep every thing before it So far is this from being the case, that not a breath of air is allowed to pass without paying toll, as it were, by turn- ing a windmill. These machines are so numerous, that they may be said to be never out of sight in a Dutch landscape. In the suburbs of great cities, they are congregated like armies of giants, spreading out their broad arms, as if to protect the streets and houses which they overlook. W ith us they are rarely used except to grind corn ; in Hol land, they are employed almost as variously as the steam-engine; they saw timber, crush rape-seeds for oil, giind snuff, beat hemp, &c.; but the principal service which they perform is in draining the land; and here the Dutch have most ingeniously set the wind to coun teract the water. At least one-half of the windmills have water-wheels attached to them, which act as pumps, and, by constant ly raising the water into the canals, alone keep the lowland dry* and fit for cultivation and the habitation of man. As, however, experience has shown that a first-rate mill is advantageously applied to raise water only 1 ell, ji 3-28 feetat once, 3 or 4 are often plant ed in a row on stages one above the other, each pumping up the water to the stage above it. They are constructed of much larger di mensions than with us : a single sail is often 120 feet long, and the usual length is 80 feet. There are said to be 9000 of these windmills in Holland, and the annual cost of them is valued at 3,000,000 dollars. It will, indeed, be soon discovered, while visiting either the towns or the country parts of Holland, that the inhabitants do not sub ject themselves to the unceasing menial labor which characterizes the Flemings, Germans, and even the English. A windmill pumps the water out of the polders ; a horse drags passengers and merchandise to and fro on the canals; a street porter is scarcely ever seen carrying a burden. Houses first a wheelbar row, and when he becomes rich enough to buy a horse, he has it harnessed to a sledge, on which he drags the burden along the streets. To sum up all, to such an extent do para doxes prevail in Holland, that even the rows’ tads, in other countries proverbial for grow ing downwards, and descending in the world as they advance in age, here grow upwards: for, with the view of promoting the cleanli ness of the animal while in the stall, the tail is tied up to a ring in the roof of the stable. This may be seen in Brock and elsewhere in Holland. Many authors have exercised their wit or spleen in describing tbis singular country. Thus, Voltaire took leave of the land and people in these sarcastic words: “Adieu! canaux, canards, canaille.” The following verses are from the works of Andrew Marvel:— “ Holland, that scarce deserves the name of land, As but the offscouring of the British sand, And so much earth as was contributed By English pilots when they heav’d the lead ; Or what by the ocean’s slow alluvion fell, Os shipwreck’d cockle and the muscle-shell ; This indigested vomit of the sea Fell to the Dutch by just propriety. ” Glad, then,as miners who have found the ore, They with mad labor, fished ths land to shore, And div’d as desperately for each piece Os earth, as if’t been of ambergris; Collecting anxiously small loads of clay, Less than what building swallows bear away ; Or than those pills which sordid beetle* roll, Transiting into them their dunghill soul. ” llowdid they rivet with gigantic piles, Through the centre their ncw-catch’d miles! And to the stake a struggling country bound, Where barking waves still bait the forced ground, Building their watery Babel far more high To reach the sea, than those to scale the sky. “ Yet still his claim the injur’d Ocean laid, And oft at leapfrog o’er their teeple play'd ; As if on purpose it on land had come To show them what’* their man liberum. “ A daily deluge over them docs boil; The earth and water play at level coil. The fiah ofttime* the burgher dispossess'd, And sat,not as a meat, but as a guest; And oft the tritons and the sea-nymphs saw Whole shoals of Dutch serv'd up for Cabillau ; Or, as they over the new level rang’d, For pickled herring, pickled herring chang’d. Nature, it seem’d, asnam’d of her mistake, Would throw their land away at duck and drake.” ZOLL-VEREIN. Down to 1833, almost every state in Ger many had its own tariff and system of du ties, and the traveller was subjected to the inconvenience of custom-house visitations on the frontier of each state, however insignifi cant; while the vexatious impediments thrown in the wav of trade were enormous. Some states, situated in the interior of the Conti nent, were compelled to pay ten or twelve different transit duties for every article they imported or exported. An Association called Zoll-Verein (Toll Union,) headed by Prussia, is now formed for the furtherance of trade by consolidating the different states of Germany, and uniting them under one system of customs. The members of this league have agreed to adopt the same scale of duties—to abolish all inter mediate custom-houses, and to divide the pro fits among the states of the Union propor tionately to the population of each. In con sequence of this, many of the restraints which impeded the communication from one part of Germany to the other have been removed. The conforming states are, Prus sia, the head of the league, Bavaria, Saxony, Wurteniburg, Baden, Brunswick, Hesse- Darmstadt, Cassel, Nassau, Frankfurt, the Duchies of Saxony, and Principalities of Anhalt. Those which have, up to the pres ent time, held back from this commercial confederation, are, Hanover, Oldenburg, Mecklenburg, Holstein, and the Hanse Towns, which have formed a minor league of their own. Thus the traveller who has cross ed the outer line is freed from the vexations of the Douanier in every part of Central Germany, and may proceed without interrup tion from Belgium to the frontier of Russia, and from Tyrol to the Baltic, a distance of 700 or 800 miles; and a small transit duty enables goods to pass all the states of the Union.— Austria still follows the ancient regulations in all the states belonging to her. GERMANY. Down to the time of the French Revolu tion, the German Empire consisted of more than 300 distinct states, greater or smaller, which were divided into Ten Circles:— l. Austria. 2. Burgundy, (including Belgium, Luxemburg, Limburg, Arc., belonging to Aus tria.) 3. Westphalia. 4. Electoral Rhine, including the ecclesiastical principalities of Mayence, Treves and Cologne, and the Pala tinate. 5. Upper Rhine, chiefly the terri tory of the Landgrave of Hesse Cassel. 6. Swabia,the larger part made up ofthedomains of the Duke of Wurtemberg and the Mar grave of Baden. 7. Bavaria. 8. Fran conia, including the bishoprics of Bamberg and \\ urzbarg, the principalities of Baireuth and Anspach, the free city of Nuremburg, <Nc. 9. Lower Saxony, including Magde burg, Brunswick, Mecklenburg,” Holstein, &c. 10. Upper Saxony, or Pomerania, Brandenburg, Anhalt, Saxony, (Electoral and Ducal,) iScc. The German Con federation now comprises 38 independent states:—One Empire: Aus tria, with a population of 11 millions, (but 35 millions if we include the provinces which are not German.) Five Kingdoms: Prussia, with ten millions (and 3 millions not Ger mans) ; Bavaria, with 4 millions; Saxony, Hanover, Wirtemberg, each one and a half million. Seventeen Duchies and Grand Duchies: Baden, 2 Hessen, Holstein, Lux emburg, 4 Saxon Duchies, Brunswick, 2 Mecklenburgs, Oldenburg, Nassau, 3 Anhalts. Eleven Principalities: 2 Schwarzburgs, 2 Hohenzollern, Lichtenstein, 2 Reuss, 2 Lip pp, YValdeck, Homburg. Four Free Towns: Frankfurt on Maine, Lubeck, Bremen and Hamburg. The Army of the Confederation is, in peace, about 309,000 men; of wuotn 40,- 000 are cavalry. The German nations were never conquer ed by the Romans; at the grand migration, they, on the contrary, broke down the Ro man empire, and prevailed in Italy, Spain, France and England. The Germanic Empire, founded by Char lemagne, a. . 800, was dissolved under Francis 11., who, in 1800, exchanged the title of Emperor of Germany for that of Empe ror of Austria, confining himself to his hered itary dominions—Austria, Bohemia, Hun gary, &c. In the olden time the Germanic empire was a league of barons, counts and dukes. Seven of the most powerful (nine in later times) bore the titles of Electors, from then privilege to elect the emperor. The Electors were—the archbishops of Mayence, (the arch bishop and archchancellor of the empire,) Treves, and Cologne, the Palatine ot the Rhine, arch-steward of the empire; the mar grave of Brandenburg, arch-chamberlain; the duke of Saxony, arch-marshal; and the king of Bohemia, arch cup-bearer: to these were afterwards added Bavaria, (1023,) and Brunswick (1092.) At first, those nobles held their dominions merely as vassals of the empire; in course of time they kept them by inheritance. Nearly the same occurred with the title and office of Emperor (although the form of election was observed to the last;) and it continued, almost uninterruptedly, in the Ilapshurg family, longer than in any other, from 1273 to 1800. After the extinction of the line of Char lemagne, the Emperors were chosen from the Saxons, (in 919, Henry I. and Otho I.); from tho Franks or Salians, (in 1039, Henry III.): from the Suabians or Hohcnstanfen (in 11;>2, Frederick L and If.); from the Austrians or Hapsbiirgs (in 1273, Rudolph 1., Maximilian 1., Charles Y-, and Joseph II.); of whom, those named are the most distinguished. The long line of fifty emperors exhibits not one tyrant, nor did any one of them fall by the fury of the people. The empire was by far the most powerful state in Europe, extending its sway over the Netherlands, over a great part of the eastern provinces of France, over Bohemia, Hungary and Italy. This mighty state, which had existed paramount in Europe longer than any in ancient or modern times, in spite of the dangerous system of elected, instead of hereditary emperors, received its death-blow from the discord which followed the Reformation. It sickened, undermined through foreign jealousy; till, divided as it had been, it was dissolved under the influence of Napoleon. The more powerful princes who, at the dis solution of the empire, had with the titles of dukes and kings become independent sover eigns, afterwards coalesced together to the number of thirty-eight, Austria and Prussia at their head, four free towns at their tail, under the name of the German Confedera tion. This took place on the Bth of June, 1815 ; and the princes had, by their ambassa dors, a permanent Congress or Diet, at pre sent at Frankfurt on the Maine, in order to concert measures for the welfare or defence of their joint Father-land. Germany, with the deperidenceis of Austria and Prussia, pre senting the mass of 00 millions of people in the heart of the Continent, might, if well united, always command the first position in the affairs of Europe. The Constitution of Germany of 1815 may be called an act of Confederation, by which the princes pledged themselves to maintain each other in independence, and by the 13th article they promised their people to re-estab lish, or to constitute, legislative chambers! Law. —By the most ancient Germanic Law, there existed a kind of Parliament, (“ the Mayfelder”) trial by jury, and a public administration of justice. The Roman law has supplanted the Germanic, and is now the basis of the administration of justice—in Prussia, with important improvements by Frederick 11. In the Rhenish provinces of Prussia, Hesse, Bavaria, on the left bank of the Rhine, the Code Napoleon, with open courts, and trial by jury, is still in force, and rooted hi the attachment of the people. The same Code has partly been adopted by some of the southern states. Education.-— The Germans flatter them selves that scientific education is more uni versally diffused amongst them than any where else. They possess twenty-three uni versities ; scarcely a town of some odd thou sand inhabitants is without a lycGCUm, where, besides the ancient, the modern languages, history, geography, mathematics, <Ac., are taught. The people are actually obliged to send their children to school up to a certain age. The national education and medical affairs are not left to chance or free trade, but are everywhere placed under the care of an especial minister of state. Prussia here takes the lead again. Character of the Germans. —Tacitus, even in his time, praises them for their bra very, good faith, good nature and chastity. Their bonhommie has been ridiculed bv the French, perhaps from their too great simplici ty or modesty of deportment, and the negli gence they are apt to show to externals. The southern Germans are perhaps more guilty of this than the northern, but then they possess more cheerfulness and hilarity, too, than the latter. They are sober, religious, without austerity or show, moral and gener ous, and of persevering industry and steadi ness. With them the most rigid economy must be, and is observed, as by the old Ger manic law of inheritance, property is equally distributed amongst the children. “Look up!” said an Admiral to a darling son, who had climbed to the top mast of the vessel, and was already dizzy—the boy obeyed, and was saved. Young man, look up, and you will succeed. Never look down and despair. Leave danger uncared for, and push on. If you falter, you lose. “Look up, do right, and trust in God !” Nobody likes to be nobody, but every body is pleased to think themselves somebody; though the worst of the matter is, when any body thinks himself to be somebodv, he is too much inclined to think every body else to be nobody. “I hope you will be able to support me,” said a young lady while walking out with her intended, during a somewhat slippery state of the sidewalks. “Why, yes,”said the somewhat hesitating swain, “with a little as sistance from your father.” There was some confusion, and a profound silence. “Are you fond of tongue, sir?” “I was always fond of it, madam, and like it still.” Dr. deGRAFFENRIED’S CELEBRATED RHEUMATIC LINIMENT. I.v introducing this medicine to the people of the Unit ed States, for sale, the proprietor? beg leave to submit the following statement of Dr. de Gralienried, its discov erer and inventor: The undersigned frankly state? that he has prescribed this medicine lor the last twenty-two years, in all forms ot Acute and Chronic Rheumatism, with a success un paralleled in the annals of medicine ; and he has no hes itation in saying,, that it is decidedly the most valuable remedy ever yet discovered for the relief of this most pain ful and distressing malady. His note-book contains upwards of three hundred ea ses, in which it has been used within the above named period, and in no single instance lias it come to his knowl edge, of its having failed to effect a cine when persereved in. M any of the eases were from four to ten years stand ing ; aud what may appear yet more remarkable and ex traordinary, is, that when the patient has been once re lieved, the disease is permanently cured, remains so, not a solitary instance having been reported to him of its re turn. All he wold ask for thi* remedy i* * f*ir, impar tial and patient trial, l*r tli* r**ult* he entertain* n* ap prehension. Up to the time ot this discovery, the undersigned had well studied the origin, progress, and character ol this dis ease,and is well assured, had consulted every author on its treatment, who had written or been translated into the English language, and had used all the remedies id any notoriety then in vogue with the profession, with however, very rarely any relief to poor suffering hu manity. It has baffled the skill and science of the most eminent Physicians and Surgeons of our own. and of every other country. But the undersigned flatters him sell that his remedy will cure this most painful disease, when all oth ers have failed, and that he shall have been an humble in strument in the hands of God, of relieving the human family of a vast amount ofsuffering. E. L. do G RAFFENRIED, !H. D. It is lor sale at Dr. R. A. Wares Drug store Columbus, and by Agents in all the principal cities and towns in the United Stales. Price $5 per bottle —none genuine withour the signature of the discoverer on the side label of the bottle, and across the cork. de GRAFFENRIED and Cos., Proprietors. CETIFICATES. Jo.ves’ Hotel, Philadelphia, March 3d, 1850 Col. A. B. Kagan —Sin : It affords me great pleasure to be able to hear testimony to the efficacy and virtues of Dr. de Graffcnrieds Rheumatic Liniment. I have been sorely alllicted for the last six years with, what I believed to he, and what eminent Physicians of this city pronounced, Rheumatic gout,for several winters past I have been confined to my room and bed nearly all the time. In January last, 1 had an attack as violent if not moreso than usual, which prostrated lire for about three weeks; on your reccommendation I commenced the use of this Liniment. (With I must confess but little faith). Its effects were astonishing and decidedly bene ficial from its first application. In a few days my back, wrists ancles were entirely relieved (and so contin ue) of all soreness, pains, and the swelling’s reduced, with the-use of less titan one bottle. 1 have been in the discharge of my ordinary business ever since. I consider it an extraordinary, and decidedly the most efficacious remedy for this disease which I have ever met with. And most cheerfully recommend its use to all who may be afflicted with it. Respectfully Yours, N. W. BRIDGES. .Tones’ Hotel. Baltimore March, 30 1850. Dr. de Graffenried — Dlaf. Sir For the last twelve years 1 have suffered very severely with the Rheumatism, having been nearly one fourth of the time confined to mybedby.it. I have had the ho-t medical aid to be found in various cities in the United States, with little or no benefit. I have also tried innumerable strongly recommended remedies, which have failed to effect a cure. I spent the last summer at the White Sulphur and Hot Springs in Virginia, to little purpose. After niv return home, Iso far recovered,as to be aide to walk about a lit tle. About six weeks since, I had a very severe attack which again confined me to my bed, I was in great pain andscarely able to move my limbs, when a friend of mine called and informed mo that you had discovered an infallible remedy, and had cured many, and amongst them, one of my friends, and showed me a letter from him stating the fact. I was induced to try your Rheu matic Linament, and take pleasure in inforniinigyou that in less than twenty four hours from the first application I was perfectly free from pain, and continue so, up to this time. lam now able to attend to business, and fondly hope all those afflicted, as 1 have been, may be as speedily relieved, as I have been with your medecinc.— Wishing you all the Blessings you deserve Dear sir. Your Grcatefu! and Ob’t Serv’t GEO. WARDS WORTH. Columbus Ga.. Oct. 20, 18(9 Dr. De Graffenried—Dear sir: I take pleasure in giv ing you the particulars of my affliction by, and relieffrom Rheumatism. During the spring of 1844 I was afflicted with a very severe attack of Inflammatory Rheumatism. I employed all the most celebrated remedies then known and used in similar cases, aided by medical advice, until September, 1845, with no satisfactory result whatever. I was then induced, by a rheumatic acquaintance, to try vour Liniment, as something new, and which had cured him ; and in one month, from the time I commenced the application, 1 was well, and clear of the Rheumatism as 1 ever was, and have continued so to this time. Yours, truly, L. C. MORTON. FROM QDL. A. K. AYER. Dr. E. L. de Graffenried —Learning that von are about to manufacture for the public, your valuable Rheumatic Liniment, I take pleasure in stating that I believe it one of the most valuable remedies ever used for that common and most distressing disease, havihg witnessed its effects upon a negro man of mine, who had been af flicted for four years, until almost every joint was en larged, and the body otherwise emaciated. By the use of four or five bottles, in three weeks ho was relieved en tirely from pain Columbus Ga., —Oct. 21,1819. A. K. AYER. Columbus, October 30, 1849. Dear Sir—About the first of April last, I came to Co lumbus to get medical assistance, and was advised to call on you, as having a remedy that would afford mo speedy relief. I was taken down in January last, with a violent attack of Rheumatism in nearly all my joints so badly, that I could not pul! of my shoes without aid ; nor could I ascend or descend steps, or pull off my clothes without assistance. My right arm and hand were nearly useless ; the fingers contracted and swollen; the right knee swollen and stiffened, so that I could not l end it but very little. Up to the Ist of April, I was all the time in suffering and pain ; I rubbed with your Rheu matic Liniment my limbs three times, and was tho next morning enabled to descend a long fight of steps, with out aid of crutch or stick, and back to my room—l could also bend my knee and bring it up to the chair, which the previous dav, I could not have done if my life had de pended on it. I could also use, open and bend my fing ers, wicli was an imbossibility the day before. I rote in the morning from my bed entirely relieved of pain. 1 used one bottle and an eight ounce vial of your Rheu matic Liniment, and in ten jlays, I was relieved. I would not have been in the condition which 1 had been, ten days before I called on you, for any amout of money which could be given me; for what is life worth when in constant pain and misery! I consider your Rheumat ic Liniment, tho most valuable medicine iD the world. I am, dear sir, your friend. J. H. SMITH. Columbus, Nov. 1, 1349. Di^cFir —My negro woman Patience, a cook, had a stillfUrk from a painful Rheumatic affection, for six or seven years, and could not turn her neck except with the body. I was induced to purchase a bottle ot your Lin iment, which was applied in August or September of 1348. One bottle entirely relieved her and she now lias the use of her neck as well as ever she had ; and up to this time, it has not returned. GARLAND B. TERRY. Philadelphia, Feb. 1 1350. Dr. de Graffenried—Dear Sir: Having been afflicted, for some time past, with a severe attack of Rheumatism, and having heard of the wonderful effects of your Rheu matic Liniment, 1 was induced to try a bottle of it; and alter three days, I was so much relieved as to be able to leave the house and attend to business. I have perfect ly recovered from the disease, and would cheerfully re commend the Liniment to all those who are afflicted, GEORGE HOOD, 27 Powell street. Columbus Ga., Oct. 13,1849. Dr. E. L. de Graffenried—Dear sir: Agreeable to your request, I give my testimonial as to the virtue of your Liniment in the cure of Rheumatism. Being at tacked in one joint ofmy finger, last winter, with acute Rheumatism, and haying used many of the unnumbered prescriptions for its cure, with but little benefit, I made application of two bottles of your Liniment, which lam happy to say relieved me in a very short time. I can re commend its use to all persons affected in like manner. Very respectfully, F. S. C HAPMAN. I can testify to the efficacy of Dr. de Graffenried’s Rheumatic Liniment in the ease of Mr. F. S. Chapman, as it came under my immediate observation. October 13,1849. R. A. WARE, M. D. Dear sir—Sometime in January last, Mrs. McKee was taken very ill with Inflammatory Rheumatism in her shoulder joints, extending to her elbow joint and arm, which disabled her from using her arm almost en tirely ; and from the pain, want of sleep, and great rest lessness, for not less than six weeks, I was induced by my friend, Mr. Luke Reed, to cal! on you for a bot tle of your Liniment, and by using half the bottle, she was entirely relieved, and the relief was manifest or sen sible after three or lour rubbings. lam of opinion, it is one of the most valuable remedies that has ever been dis covered, for Rheumatism: that is, from my own knowl edge, and that which I have heard from oihers. Dr. E. L. de Graffenried. 11. C. MeKEE. Columbus, Oct. 19th 1849 Dr. de Graffenried—Dear sir: I take pleasure in sav ing, I have a boy who was so badly afflicted with Rheu matism, that he could not raise his hand to his head, and had nearly lost the use of his arm. I used the fourth of a'bottle oi your Rheumatic Liniment, which relieved him entirely. I consider it a most valuable remedy for the cure of Rheumatism. RANDOLPH L MOTT. LIVER COMPLAINT, JAUNDICE, DYSPEPSIA, CHRONIC OR NERVOUS DEBILITY, DISEASE OF THE KIDNEYS, AND ALL DISEASES ARISING FROM DISORDERED LIVER OR STOMACH, SUCII AS CONSTIPATION, INWARD TILES, FULLNESS, OR BLOOD TO THE HEAD, ACIDITY OF THE STOMACH, NAUSEA, HEART BURN, DISGUST FOR FOOD, FULLNESS OK WEIGHT IN THE STOMACH, SOUR ERUC TATIONS, SINKING OR FLUTTERING AT THE PIT OF THE STOMACH, SWIMMING OF THE HEAD, HUR RIED AND DIFFICULT BREATHING, FLUT TERING AT THE HEART, CHOKING OR SUFFOCATING SENSATIONS WHEN IN A LYIN'* POSTURE, DIMNESS OF VISION, DOTS OR WEBS BEFORE THE SIGHT, FR- Y*R AND DULL PAIN IN THE HEAD, DEFICIENCY OF PERSPIRATION, YELLOWNESS OFTHE SKIN AND EYES, PAIN IN THE SIDE, BACK, CHEST, LIMBS,&C., SUDDEN FLUSH ES OF HEAT, BURNING IN THE FLESH, CON STANT IMAGININGS OF EVIL, AND GREAT DEPRESSION OF SPIRITS, CAY BE EFFECTUALLY CUBED BY DR. HOOFLAND’S CELEBRATED GERMAN BITTERS, PREPARED BY DR. C. M. JACKSON, GERMAN MEDICINE STORE, No. 120, Arch St., Philadelphia. Their power over the above disrates is not excell ed. if equalled , by any other preparation in the United Stales, as the cures attest. , in many eases after skilful physicians had failed. These Bitters are worthy tire attention of invalids.— Possessing great virtues in the rectification of diseases of tlie Liver and leaser glands, exercising the most search ing powers in weakness and affections of the digestive organs, they are, withal .safe, certain and pleasant. Read and be Convinced. Chav Robinson, Esq., Easton, Md., in a letter to Dr. Jackson, Jan. 9, 1850, said— “My wife and myself have received more benfit from your medicine than any ether we have ever taken for the Dyspepsia and Liver disease.” “The Tenth Legion,” published at Woodstock, Va., January 10, 1850, said— “A Great Medicine.” “We have uniformly refrained from recommending to the public any of the various patent medicines of the day, unless thoroughly convinced of their value.— Among those we consider worthy of notiue is the German Bitters, invented by I)r. Hood and, and prepared by Dr. Jackson, in Philadelphia. One in stance in particular, in which the superior virtues of this medicine have been tested, has fallen under our observation. During the last summer, a son of Mr. Abraham Crabill, of this county, was vtry se riously afllicted with Liver Complaint, and after trying in vain various remedies, he purchased a bottle of the Bitters, and after using it, was so- much relieved of his distressing malady, that he procured another bot tle, and is restored entirely to health.” Read Further a Fete Facts. The “Philadelphia Democrat,” the leading Ger man journal of Philadelphia. The editor said, No vember 24th : “We again call attention to the removal of tire German Medicine Store, the principal depot for the sale of Dr. Iloofland’s German Bitters, from 278 Race to 120 Arch street, one door below Sixth.— Owing to the increased demand for this medicine, and for the accommodation of his numerous patients, Dr. Jackson has been compelled to occupy a larger store. We wish him success in his new quarters: he is deserving it The Bitters Mixture is without doubt the greatest medicine extant for diseases of the Liver and Bowels. A stubbern ease of Chronic Diarrhoea has come under our notice, wherein th patient had exhausted the Materia Medicas of tli different schools of medicine with no apparent benefit. He was induced to use these bitters-; and a few bottles of them have entirely cured him. Many such eases we could refer to. We hope our readers will recol lect this great restorative, should they be so unfortu nate as to require its use. Dr. Jackson possfsses the original unpublished receipt of Dr. Ilooflaid, and’ lie prepares this medicine with care. Tlusc pur chasing should call at his store, or see that his name is written upon the wrapper outside, and blown in the bottle, as imitations of good article's are common.” Judge M. M. Noah, a gentleman with great rei entifie and literary attainments, said in his “New York Weekly Messenger,” January 6, 1S50: 11 Dr. Hoof.and's German Ritters. —Here is a pre paration which the leading presses in the Union ap pear to be unanimous in recomending, and the rea son is obvious. It is made after a prescription furnished by one of the most celebrated physicians of modern times, the late Dr. Christopher Wilhelm Hoofland, Professor to the University of Jena, Private Physician to tlie Kingof Prussia, and one of the greatest medi cal writers Germany has ever produced, lie was emphatically the enemy of humbug , and therefore a medicine of which he was the inventor and endorser may be perfectly relied on. He specially recommend ed it in Liver Complaint, Dyspepsia, Debility, Vertigo, Acidity of the Stomach, Constipation, and all com plaints arising from a disordered condition of the stomach, the liver and the intestines. Nine Phila delphia papers express their conviction of its excel lence, and several of the editors speak of its effects from their own individual experience. Under these circumstances, we feed warranted not only in calling the attention of our readers to the present proprietor’s (Dr. C. M. .Jackson’s) preparation, but in recom mending the article to all afflicted.” More Evidence. The “Philadelphia Saturday Gazette,” the best family newspaper published in the United States, the editor says of DR. HOOFLAND’S GERMAN BITTERS. “ It is seldom that we recommend what are termed Patent Medicines to the confidence and patronage of our readers; and, therefore, when we recommend Dr. Hoofiand’s German Bitters, wc wish it to be distinct ly understood that we are not speaking of the nos trums of the day that are noised about for a brief period and then forgotten after they have done their guility race of mischief, but of a medicine long established, universally prized, and which has met the heaity ap proval of the Faculty itself.” Evidence upon evidence has been received (like the foregoing) from all sections of the Union, the last three years, and the strongest testimony in its favor is, that there is more of it used in tlie practice of the regular Physicians of Philadelphia than all other nos trums combined, a fact that can easily be established, and fully proving that a scientific preparation will meet with their quiet approval when presented even in this form. That this medicine will cure Liver Complaint and Dyspepsia, no one can doubt, after using it as direct ed. It acts specifically upon the stomach and liver— it is preferable to calomel in all bilious diseases —the effect is immediate. They can be administered to female or infant with safety and reliable benefit, at any time. Beware of Counterfeits. This medicine has attained that high character which is necessary for all medicines to attain to in duce counterfeiters to put forth a spurious article at the risk of tlie lives of those who are innocently de ceived. Look well to the Marks of the Genuine. They have the written signature of O. M. JACK SON upon the wrapper, and the name blown in tlie bottle, without which they are spurious. For sale, wholesale and retail, at the German Medicine Store, No. 120 ARCII street, one door below Sixth, (late of 278 Race street,) Philadelphia, and by re spectable dealers generally throughout the country. O’ For sale also by Danfortli & Nagel, Columbus, Ga., and by Dr. John M. T. Gullett, at Buena Vista, Marion co., Ga. August 22 34 ly BE Wise!—’Tis Folly to Defer! Afflicted R } u, ’—Thousands are suffering irom disease Irom which there is no difficulty in being permanently and speedilv relieved, provided the right means be used. As eV erv vice lias its own punishment, so it would seem every disease has its remedy. This is true, and there is nothing in this life more certain than that the A3lb n- ICAN COMPOUND is the most speedy and certain remedy for all diseases of a delicate character, known to the world. Adopted to every stage of the disease, sex and constitution, at all times and seasons, there is no tears of exposure, detention from business nor re striction in diet; from the certain and speedy relief it rives, it is now the most popular remedy of the day.— Ten thousand eases have been cured effectually by it during the past year. Prepared by a practical physician, the afflicted can rely with confidence on its curative powers over diseases of this character. Full directions aeconmanv each bottle. CA UTlON. —Ask for the American Compound, and purchase only of the Agents, 294, Market st. Phila delphia, and of Danfortli A Nagel,Columbus, Ga. June 20,1850. 25 “I am a man, and deem nothing which relates to man foreign to my feelings.” Youth and Manhood. §| H §PM A VIGOROUS LIFE, OR A PREMATURE DEATH. KIIYKELIIVE ON SELF-PRESERVATION. Only Twenty-Five Cents. THIS BOOK, just published, is filled with useful information on the infirmities and diseases of the human system. It addresses itself alike to Youth, Manhood and Old Age, and should he read by ail. The valuable advice and impressive warning it gives, will prevent years of misery and suffering and save an nually Thousands of Lives. Parents bv reading it. will learn how to prevent the destruction of their children. 23?” A remittance of 25 cents, enclosed in a letter, addressed to Dr. KINKELINE, 1 Human street, Phil adelphia, will ensure a book, under envelope, per return of mail. Dr. K., fifteen years resident Physician, 1 Human st. may be consulted confidentially. He who places himself under the care of Dr. K., may religiously confide in his honor as a gentleman, and confidently rely upon his skill as a physician. Persons at a distance may address Dr. K. by letter, post paid, and be cured at home. Packages of Medicines, Directions, Ac. forwarded, by sending a remittance, and put up secure from Dam age or Curiosity. Booksellers. News Agents, Pedlers, Canvassers, and all others supplied with the above work at very low rates. [April 4. 14 ts fDrag Business, (at the late stand of pond & WILLCOX.) DANFORTIf &, NAGEL, HAVING purchased the Drug Establishment ol Messrs. Pond & Wiileox, -would inform their friends that they intend keeping on hand a good supply of Drugs, Medicines r Faints, Oils, Surgical In struments, Ape. ts'c. and other articles usually kept in a Drug Store, all of which will be sold on the most reasonable terms. From Mr. D.'? practical acquaintance with th* business, and his determination to devote himself entirely to the accommodation of his customers, he hopes to receive a liberal *hare of public patronage. Columbus, Nov. 1,1849. 44 ts Memphis Institute. MEDICA L DE P A RTME NT. upHE regular course of Lectures in this Institute will JL commence on the first of November, and con tinue until the last of February. The Anatomical De partment will be opened and ready to receive students by the first of October. The Memphis Department will be under the direction of the following PROFESSORS. Z. Freeman, M. D., Professor of Anatomy. R. S. Newton, M. D., Professor of Surgery. H. J. Hulcf., M. D., Professor of Theory and Practice of Medicine. W. Byrii Powell, M. D., Professor of Physiology, Pathology. Mineralogy and Geology. J. Kino, M. D.. Professor of Materia Medica, Thera peutics and Medical Jurisprudence. J. Milton Sanders. A. M., M. D., Professor of Chem istry and Pharmacy. J. A. Wilson, M. D., Professor of Obstetrics and Dis eases of Women and Children. CLINIQUE LECTURERS. Medicine.-—Trot. H. J. Hur.eE. Surgery. —Prof. R. 3. Newton. Z. Freeman, M. D., Anatomical Demonstrator. Ths lees for a full course of lectures amount to $lO5. Each Professor’s Ticket, sls. Matrieiilafor’s, $5. Dem onstrator’s Fee, $lO. Graduation, S2O. Those desiring further information will please address their letters (post paid) to the Dean: and students ar riving in the city will please call on him at the Commer cial Hotel, R. S. NEWTON. M. I)., Dean of the Faculty. LAW DEPARTMENT. Hon E. W. M. King, Professor of Theory and Prac tice of Law. John Dei.afield, Esq. Professor of Commercial Juris prudence. Terms per Session SSO All communications pertaining to this department must bo addressed to E. W. M. KING, Esq. Memphis, Term., March, 1850. The Faculties, for intellectual abilities, moral worth and professional acquirements, will compare favorably with the most distinguished in our country. The medi cal faculty constitutes an anomaly in this or any other country—all of them arc able lecturers and tire best ol teachers. Those who contemplate our geographical position, and the extent of our population, can have no doubt as to the eligibility of our situation for an enterprise of the kind. As to health, including all seasons of the year, wc deny that any other'city has moke. A common error exists in the minds of many students relative to the place of studying medicines; those who intend practicing among the diseases of the We.-t and South should certainly educate themselves at a school whose Faculty are particularly acquainted with those diseases. That the public may he satisfied of the permanency ot this school, we feel it our duty to state, that the Trus tees and Faculty form a unit in action, which augurs well ibrits future success ; and that the peculiar interna! organization which connects them, cannot he interrupted. E. W. M. KING, President of the Memphis Institute. April 11, 1850. 15 ly Columbus and Greenville Plank and Turn pike Road Cos. TAKE NOTICE. I>OOKS of Subscription for Stock in said Company, 3 will be opened at the Commercial Exchange Read ing Room, on Monday and Tuesday, the 15th and 10th of the present month. By order of the Corporators of said Company. HAMPTON S. SMITH, JOHN C. LEITNKR, GEO. W. WINTER, DAVID ADAMS. July 11,1850. 28 ts P. McLaren & Cos. KEEP constantly on hand a large assortment of GROCERIES; LIQUORS; WINES; TOBACCO; Ac. Ac. And have just received a large supply of CIGARS direct from Havana. Merchants are especially invited to ex amine our stock before purchasing elsewhere. Columbus, April 11. 15 THE LATEST NEWS FROM CUBA. COLUMBUS CIGAR FACTORY. THE late firm of Simons A Oktagus was dissolved hy mutual consent on the 24th hist. The business ol the establishment will be henceforth conducted by ROBERT T. SIMONS, At the Old Stand , where 4 CHOICE HAVANA CIGARS can always be had at the lowest market price. Persons wishing a genuine article, will do well to call and examine my stock before purchasing elsewhere. Also, a good lot of AMERICAN CIGARS, which will he sold at from 10 TO 20 DOLLARS PER THOUSAND. Also, CHEWING TOBACCO, GERMAN CUT SMOKING TOBACCO, • SPANISH MIXED TOBACCO, SNUFF, riPES, &c. Ac. Ac. Columbus, May 30.. 22 ts Planters, Take Notice. Saic Mills, Grist Mills, Factories, Gin Gear, Rice Mills, and Sugar Mills. r pilE firm of AMBLER &. MORRIS are now A. ready to build any of the abote named Mills,pro pelled by Water, Steam or Horse. Our work shall be done in the best possible manner, and warranted inferior to none now in use. Both of the above firm arc practi cal men, and attend to their business in person, and will furnish Engines for Steam Mills, Grist or Saw, and set either in complete operation. The firm can give the best assortment of Water Wheels and Gearing, of any in the Southern States, and will sav to our employers, it a Mill or any of our work does not perform in the busi ness for which it was intended, no pay will be exacted. Try us and see. AMBLER A MORRIS. Jan. 24, 1850. 4 ly Fire Proof Ware-House. THE undersigned have this day formed a eopaiteer ship under the name and style of H. S. SMITH & CO. for the transaction of a general Ware-House and Commission Business in this city. The old firm, consisting of 11. S. Smith, V r . A. Redd’ J. Iv. Redd, and Wm. T. Smith, was dissolved by mutual consent, and their business discontinued the first day of September last. The present firm has on hand a large supply of INDIA AND KENTUCKY BAGGING; Kentucky Bale Rope, Twine, Sugar and Molasses, which they will furnish their customers (at the Ware- House) on the most reasonable terms, and the lowest market prices. Liberal advances will be made on cotton placed in store with them. 11. S. SMITH, JNO. D. STEWART WM. T. SMITH, W. C. GRAY, Columbus, Jue* G, 1850. 23 (m TROY WOODEN-WARE MANUFACTURING COMPANY, 4 RE now ready to commence operations, and will i Y promptly supply all orders with which they may be favored, for every description of Hollow Wooden- Ware, embracing Buckets, Tubs, Pails, Cans, Ac. <scc. Tire Company will be ready by the Ist of March to enter ex tensively into the manufacture of CHA IRS, of which they will be able to turn out a very superior ar ticle. T CRNIN G . Bed Steads, Wagon Hubs, and every other description of Turning, neatly done. The Manufactory is situated at the mouth of Mulber ry Creek, 12 miles from Columbus, 20 from Opelika, and 22 from West Point. The Company is thus afford ed facilities for transportation in every direction, arid’ will be able to furnish their goods in every section of tho Country at short notice, and on reasonable terms. Orders left at the stores of P. Spencer, or B. Jef ferson, in this city, will he promptly filled. All orders through ths mail, must be directed to R. G. Jui fekson, Columbus, Ga. We shall be happy to accommodate the world generally, and our friends particularly. N. B.—Persons wishing to purchase privileges for manufacturing purposes, can do so. as there are a num ber of Water Lots upon the premises for sale. Columbus, Jan. 3, 1850. ] ly Dyeing and Renovating Establishment. BERTIIOLD SENGER TYTOULD respectfully inform the ladies and gcntle > \ men of Columbus, and vicinity, that he is still at his old stand on Broad Street, near the Market, where he is prepared to executo all w ork entrusted to him, iu die various departments of Dyeing, Scouring, Renovating, & Bleaching new and old clothing. Ladies’ Silks, Merinoes, and Satins, cleansed of stains and impurities, and colored to any shade. Also finished to look and wear as well as new. Cotton, Silk, and Woolen goods bleached or dyed, in the very best manner, and with despatch. Also, Moserine Blue, Turkey Red, Ac. Ac. Gentlemen’s garments cleansed and dyed so as not to soil the whitest linen. Carpeting renovated and made as good as new. asr All O rders thankfully received and promptly ex ecuted. Columbus, March 21, 1850. 12 ts METALLIC OR VULCANIZED Rubba Machine Belting, GOG FEET of the above BELTING, suitable ’UU v’ for all kinds of Machinery—from 1 to 20 inches wide—w arranted superior to leather or any kind of belting in use, for its perfect equality of width and thickness, which it will retain, and for its great strength and durability—does not slip on the pulleys and costs less than the leather belting. Sold by the subscriber at ten per cent, on rftanufaeturers’ prices. Also, 300 lbs. Steam Engine PACKING, for Pisto* Rods, Straw Jionts, Cylinder Heads, Ac. Also, 500 feet of Vulcanized Steam Engine HOSE for Hydrants passing hot or cold water, Ac. WADE A CO. Sign of the Golden Saddle. Celumbus, April 4,1850. 14 ]y WOOL MANUFACTURE. THE Coweta Falls -Manufacturing Cos. of Columbus, < is now; prepay! to Card and .Manufacture Wool. C ash paid for^Wool. or Kerseys exchanged for the raw material. May 23, 1850. ” 21 ts WANTED oA GGG bushels prime sun dried -UM/UU WHEAT. $1 50 for Red, and $162 lor white, will be paid in oarii. at WINTER'S PALACE 311 ELS. .Tune 1850. 27, 27 ts Q AAA FT. of Kimbel’s Patent Machine stretched OUuU LEATHER PELTING , from 1 inch to 14 inches, suitable for all kinds of Machinery, Gin Bands, Ac. Sold by the subscriber l'or ten per cent, advance on the manufacturers’ prices. WADE A CO. Sign of the Golden Saddle. Columbus, April 4,1850. ]4 ] v GOLDEN SYRUP, MAPLE SYRUP, SUGAR HOUSE MOLASSES, For sale by ELLIS, KENDRICK A REDD. July 4 GENUINE TEAS. IMPERIAL , HYSON, GUNPOWDER, and BLACK TEAS, of a superior quality, just received by ELLIS, KENDRICK A REDD. July 4 GENUINE TEAS. Afresh arrival of Imperial, Hyson, Gunpowder and Black Teas, for sale by ELLIS, KENDRICK, A REDD. LIQUORS AND WINES. YTTE have on hand and for sale in quantities to suit. V t purchasers, warranted pure, COGNAC BRANDY, (ofall grades,) AMERICAN do LONDON EXCISE GIN, (verv fine,) STAR do AMERICAN do St. Croix Rum, American Rum, Irish Whiskey- Scotch Whiskey, Monongahela Whiskey, Old Bourbon Whiskey, (line) Claret Whiskey, Ma deira Wine, Sherry Wine, Port Wine, Teneritfe Wine, Malaga Wine, Sacramental Wine, Claret Wine, LONDON PORTER AND SCOTCH ALB. Pure Apple Vinegar. All of which will be sold low for cash. ELLIS, KENDRICK A REDD. July 4. fN EORGIA, MUSCOGEE COUNTY.— Court of ” X Ordinary, July Term, 1850 —Rule Ni Si.—Where as, Thomas McCarty, Administrator with the will an nexed ol the estate of Patrick McCarty, deceased, hav ing petitioned the Conrt so be dismissed from said Ad ministration. It is ordered by the Court that all persons concerned show cause, if any they have, at the January Term next ensuing of this Court, why the Administrator as aforesaid should i:<?t be dismissed. A true extract from the minutes of said Court. JOHN JOHNSON, c. c. o. July 11, 1850. Imforfim FOUR MONTHS AFTER DATE applica tion will be made :o the Honorable the In ferior Court of Muscogee County when sitting for ordinary purposes, for leave to sell the real estate of Abner H. Flewellen, deceased. ABNER C. FLEWELLEN, ) , , , WM. 11. CHAMBERS. ( rS ’ ELVIRA A. FLEWELLEN, Adm’rx. August 8,185 CL 32 4m