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ECHOLS’ PNEUMATIC PUMP.
l&Sn A*"”
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► I 4 f
T Wb-*. ~~ j
| H | J J I
and I
I I k
;;j k
3 1
§
T J 3
\
f~ U-J
&
Jr
Tn this figure, A represents the cylinder
and piston used for compressing, and (as will
be desirable in some situations) for compress
ing and expanding aii in the tubes I and if,
above the respective valves seated in them. B
and 15 are valves (one at each end of the
cylinder) designed to admit air into the cyl
inder. on either side of the piston, so that any
desired extent of expansion of air in the cyl
inder, may be maintained or varied at pleas
ure, by moving the sliding weights (not repre
sented) on the levers of these valves, nearer
to, or further from the valves respectively. F
and 11 are tubes in which, and in the enlarge
ments or chambers of which, respectively, air
is compressed ; or. as before said, com]tressed
and expanded when desired. The capacities
of these tubes, wiih respect to that ol the cyl
inder, have direct reference to the depth be
low the pump, from which the water is to be
drawn. For instance, we will assume that
the pump and irs connections represented by
the figure, are constructed to raise water about
sixty feet ; the c;u a city of the cylinder, be
sides piston space, is equal to that of either of
those tubes and its chamber : adding one
fourth or one-eighth more or’ the cylinder,
for the purpose of forcing water above the
pump when necessary. This addition may
be omitted or not at pleasure. 1. is a tube in,
or leading into, the wafer from which the sup
ply is taken ; and its area is four times that of
either F orb : of tiio same size and area are
‘the tubes < and !\. 1 ids ditleieuce inca
pacity between these three tubes and the
two (F and IT) first described, is made, la
water to be elevated must pass
through the first, (the three,) white only air
passes in the latter. Wig assume that the cyl
inder is eight inches is diameter, and one foot
stroke. The tubes F and H three-fourths of
an inch in diameter, and the otltersmne and a
half inches in diameter, and their ehgmbers,
respectively, one-fourth of the capacity of the
cylinder, and believe these to bo die proper
proportions in the present case ; leaving the
evlinder to be increased or diminished in ca
pacity in other cases, according to the dimin
ished or increased depth (above or below six
ty feet) from w hich the water is to be drawn.
(J, D, and JE are ball valves, of metal or India
rubber, (the latter preferred,) each admitting
water to pass un into the chamber in ivhicirit
is seated, and prevenfiiig te-return.
The operation is as follows : The valve If.
£c the right end ei the-cylinder, is, by placing
the weight on the lever at the proper point,
closed with a pressure sufficient, when the pis
ton is at the other end, to produce an expan
sion of air in the cylinder and in the tube F,
that will cause the w ater to rise to the top of
(he chamber of that tube, say a distance ;
of five feet. Upon tho return of the piston,
all the air in the cylinder is forced into the ‘
tube F, which, added to the quantity remain
ing in that tube makes two atmospheres ; mi
nus what is due to the expansion which had
previously raised the water five feet before
mentioned. By this pressure the water con
tained in the chamber at C, is forced through
the tube G, up into the chamber at D : making
a furt%s?r elevatiou of at least twenty-live feet.
While the piston on the right side was per
forming this operation, the air previously com
pressed in the tube U and its chamber at D,
was pressing it forward on the otner side, un
til upon the completion of the stroke, but one
atmosphere remains on that side, and in the
last named tube and chamber, Ihe piston
now returns to the left end of the cylinder,
compressing at) additional atmosphere into
the tube H and its chamber at D, and forcing
the water previously delivered into the latter,
through the tube K, thus elevating it at least
thirty feet more ; making in all at least sixty
feet. It has not been mentioned that during
the operation the valve B, on the lett, remain
ed close with so slight a pressure, that it, up
on the completion of rite stroke ot the piston
to the right, any material expansion of the air
behind it had taken place reducing, it materi
ally below the atmosphere, that valve would
have opened to supply the deficiency, and
then would have closed.
The proper positions of the weights upon
the levers of the valves B jwd B being once
ascertained, they may be fastened at those
positions, and thus require no further at-
lemion.
It is believed to be generally supposed,
that no pump can be constructed, w iicli can
be made to raise water over thirty-three feet,
(in practice twenty-live,) without being placed
mthin that distance of the surface of the res
ervoir from which it is taken. This invention,
it is clearly seen, overturns that supposition.
Asa suction pump alone, it can conveniently
be made to raise water from a depth of forty
feet below its location. Thus: place the
chamber at C twenty feet above the water,
and the chandler at D twenty feet higher, ami
near the pump. Let tine piston be at one
end of the cylinder; then raise the valve 1
at that end ; allow the air to escape freely;
move the weights on the lever out, until the
pressure of an atmosphere will not open it;
f'orcTthe piston to the other end ; perform
thefi&amc operation with the other valve; (the
capacity’ of the cylinder in this instance being
twice as great as that of either of the tubes l - ’
and 11, and its chamber;) and when the piston
is gt the left end of the cylinder, the water
wHI rise twenty feet into the chamber at C ;
and when it is returned to the other end, the
same water will he delivered into the c number
/t D. near the pump. •
Without changing these proportions, ami
y>* placing tho pump one hundred and twenty
feet higher, and the chamber at D sixty feet
j higher, and bv the aid of an arrangement
J not represented in the l figure, water may be
j elevated one hundred and sixty feet. That
) arrangement is this : A cross pipe opens a
j communication is opened and closed by a
| stopcock, worked by an attachment from the
i gearing of the pump. When the piston has
1 compressed two atmospheres into the tube F,
j this communication is opened, and the com
| pressed air escapes to the other side of the
j piston, and the stopcock is immediately clo
sed. As it returns, it compresses this quan- i
tity of air info H, and exhausts F to one-third
j of an atmosphere, and so the operation is
I continued. For general use, however, it is
thought that the first described arrangement is :
’ the most advantageous. First, because it dis- !
i penses with the pipe and stopcock described ;
and after deducting the friction of the piston
and that of the water and air, gives back ,
the full effect of the power applied.
The gearing to work this pump will of;
! course be made to conform to the kind and I
quantity of power intended to be applied. !
The following advantages over all others!
! are claimed for it: First, that the water nev- ;
! or goes into the cylinder, nor the sediment j
! almost universally’ contained in water, but j
i the piston is lubricated with oil; hence it, :
may be sai-i that this pump, when once well j
j made, wiii last for ages with or without con- ;
I slant use, with only half an hour’s attention j
to the metallic packing of the piston, and the 1
substitution of new India rubber ball valves j
once in five or six years.
Second, that there is no necessity for put
ting it down into a well, whatever the depth
j of the well iriav be.
Third, that it will deliver more water in j
proportion to the power applied than any j
other, whether the depth from which it is j
to be raised, be twenty or two hundred ;
j feet.
Fourth, that it being a pump by which at- I
; mospherie air can be expanded and com- |
; pressed, it can. by the addition of a cheap j
; contrivance, which will hereafter be descri- j
j bed, be made to raise the temperature of one j
; portion of the water which it delivers, and in |
i the same ratio to reduce the temperature of j
another portion; thus making the latter, for }
all general purposes, supply the place of ice , •
1 and indeed this principle can be carried so j
far as to produce ice, if desired.
j j
Soutijcvn s nmn.d.
COLUMBUS, GEORGIA: j
THURSDAY MORNING DEC. 2, 1852. j
Concerts.
We have had the pleasure of attending two of !
I Miss Ella Bruce’s Concerts. She i* a very young, j
j ami apparently modest and unassuming lady, who j
j lias just commenced her professional career. She j
has considerable musical talent, and a sweet voice, I
and with practice and severe study, may attain an j
enviable position in her profession, Her concerts I
! wi re well attended, and gave general satisfaction.
i
- Magazine.
This monthly has been greatly enlarged ; each j
! number now contains 182 page*. The Publishers j
i propose to furnish “Graham” and “Godey” one j
; year, for $4. j
; The success of these Monthlies is attributable to j
i tho fact, that they invariably exchange with every
paper which win give them a complimentary notice.
Giiaiiah has J’tOO exchanges. In this wav alone, i
j_” # *
i he- pays $3,800 for advertising. Will not our South
i ern Mothlu-aanu Quarterlies take the hint ? . ;
We confess thaLwe do not often read the?;.--fashion - ;
j able Monthlies, ((they aic wisht;washy. Graham j
j is, in our opinion, the mostjjgfhf them all. There j
is one thing, however, >tiifiSwve object to in this I
Monthly. its hejoes sometimes write poetry for the i
its heroines read The Era, both
j l's which are vile Abolition sheets, and we beg leave j
.o suggest that authors who familiarly read such pa
; p- rs, are not safe instructors of Southern men and i
j wmYen. ‘ ‘
Freshet at Columbus,
On Thursday last, a scene was enacted in this
eitv, which deserves an abler pen than our* to re
; cord, and upon which we now look back wiiii t’eei
i ings of profound admiration, for the heroism of ma- j
i ny of oar citizens and of heartfelt gratitude to Al
; mighty God for its happy termination.
The heavy rain of tho preceding night had rais
-1 ed tho river considerably, and it was discovered 1
; early in the day, that th* Basin which supplies wa- j
ter to the factories wa* being rapidly undermined j
! In the course of the day, the water broke through j
| in a flood and swept away every vestige of the low- j
j er wail, aud ail communication was cut oft’ between j
; the Variety Works and the shore. This catastro- j
- pile was so sudden end unexpected that all the j
’ workmen found themselves in imminent peril of their j
i lives. Every now and then, some other portion of i
: the Basin would fall in with a rumbling sound which J
; resembled distant thunder, and betokened the spee- j
: dy overtiitow of the frail building in which they 1
i were imprisoned. Every hour the angry river rose j
! higher and drove in fury round its foundations, i
After some considerable delay, a rope was stretched j
across the chasm and several men were Hided over ;
l
in a basket, when suddenly tho flume on which the j
spirited citizens were standing, who were engaged in ;
ferrying the workmen to the shore, tumbled into !
the boiling waters. Fortunately, they all escaped
before it f* 11. Now the tactics were changed to •
meet the emergency. A little rocky island was ‘
selected l'i*r the next stand point, which was con
nected with the shore by a raft; another rope bridge I
was stretched to the Variety Works and two per
sons rescued. Just then, the raft was swept away,
and the utmost consternation produced in the com
pany on the little island. Many plunged into ths
foaming current, aud were only saved from drowning
by the hardy bravery of Mr. Harris, whose feet
were as firm in the flood as if he were on dry land,
and whose courage and coolness were wonderful.
An unlucky step at this juncture, precipitated our
worthy slayor Morton iu;o the current, who, in his
zeal for others, hud quite forgotten his own safety,
lie was borne headlong over the rapids, and only by
a mere chance was able to reach another island still
further out in the river. In the mean time, a rope
was stretched from shore to the island, and most of
those who were perched upon its rocky peak were
lilLmC W IIU Ut V- I'A.I VUVU *-•* AOA/DI U(\ A.V
able to reach the shore by plunging into the flood
and clinging on to the rope. The Mayor was thus
saved. He came to the shore almost exhausted and
somewhat bruised,but not seriously injured.
During this confusion, the poor fellows in the
Variety Works were quite forgotten. In utter de
spair of reaching land by any other means, they set
to work to construct a raft, but so soon as those
ncare*t shore we: e placed beyond reach of danger
by stretching a iad.ler to the island, the work was
renewed for their deliverance. A basket was pro
cured and made fast to the bridge of ropes, but
how to get the basket to the poor fellow* *vas a se
rious difficulty. Throw after throw proved uusue
cessful, and it seemed altogether probable, that they
would have to be abandoned to their fate. At
length the rock reached the island, and the cord
attached to it was fastened to the basket, and,
the frail conveyance was drawn up to the Variety
Works. A little boy not ten years old was the first
passenger. Great was the exciu-nicnt, and death
on the bank as the little fellow swung over the aw
ful chasm, but he was perfectly cool, and tugged
away at the ropes like a little hero, to facilitate his
passage, and loud and long was the shout which
rent the welkin, when the little scronaut reached
; the land. Eight or ten persons were thus transport
, ed, and among them three stout m-gro fellows, whose
j safe arrival v.’iis cause of special rejoicing to the
; colored people, arid indeed to the assembled inulti
! tude. Last of all, Mr. Mortox, who had directed
\ the operations of the men in the Variety Work*.
; during the whole of this exciting scene, aud who
! was the father of the brave little boy, above r-fer
-1 red to, committed himself to the basket, and was
safely lauded just as darkness fell upon the terr:bic
seene and the rising water* made the rocky island
au unsafe dwelling place.
A great many gentlemen whose names are un
known to us, were particularly active and courageous.
Mr. M s. Brooks, Dr. Thkopihlus Stewart, and
Wm. S. Holst bad, were the last to leave the is
land, and to their self-sacrificing epirit the gentle
men rescued are inueli indebted for their deliver
ance. In their zeal for others, they forgot them
selves. sn-i may not know that the bridge of lad
der* on which they crossed dryshod to land was
mainly built by Messrs. Merry and Jackson and
some others, and kept above water by unceasing toil
in the mud on the bank.
Many others of our noble citizens toiled at the
ropes and in the water, but their numbers are too
numerous to mention in detail, and their best re
ward wii! be the consciousness of having done their
duty. Medals ought to be given to Mr. Harris and
to Mr. Morton —to the first, because he saved sev
eral lives at the risk of his own, and to the latter, for
his noble.self-sacrifice in being the ia*t to quit the
post of danger in the Variety Works.
Month Carolina Politics and Politicians.
The Legislature of South Carolina is now in ses
sion, and the political cauldron is boiling furiously.
The message of Gov. Means is an able one, but lias
the fault inherent in all American State papers; it
is as long as long John Wentworth, of Illinois,
whose late election to Congress brings him again
before the public.
lie recommend* the continuance of the State
Bank and a large increase of its capital, as necessa
ry to regulate the currency, and aid in paying the
debts and current expense* of the State.
AW: are much pleased to see that he is in favor
of a revision of the Penal Code of the State. The
brand and lash are unpopular and savage modes of
punishment, and the concurrent testimony of every
other State in .the Union, ought to satisfy tlie legisla
tors of South Carolina, that the Penitentiary is the
cheapest and best mode of restraining, punishing,
and reforming the violators of law.
The Governor expresses a willingness to modify
the ia-.v in relation to colored seamen, but advises, in
tiio present juncture of affairs, that no concession
be made to the violence of abolition fanaticism.
Tlie project of the Bine Ridge Rail Road meets
with especial favor with the Governor, and lie re
commends a large appropriation of the funds of the
State in aid of the enterprise. There is much di
versity of opinion, however, in the Legislature on
this subject, and the probability is, that if any appro
priation is made towards the work, that it will be !
very inadequate.
The friends of political reform in the Legislature
are very active. Mr. Poi-?enhei>j lias introduced a
bill giving the election of Electors for President and
Vice President directly to the people. Mr. Mc-
Creadt tins also introduced a bill, taking from tho
Legislature the right of electing Electors, but, pro
viding for sub-Elec-tors to be chosen by the Con
gressional Districts, who shall meet and select the
Eicetcrs. These bills meet with warm opposition i
from the leading presses in the State, whose fed v
. i
argument against them is, that the people desire no 1
change, and that the venerable Constitution of the j
State, which the test of three-fourths of a century j
has t>*)iy vindicated, cannot be easily altered for the !
better. It is probable that these innovations will ;
fail, and that South Carolina will content herself for
tho present, with the passage of Mr. Kr.irr's hill, i
providing for a change in the time of meeting of the ;
Legislature every four years, so as to avoid the ex
pense of an extra session.
The Governorship is in close contest between
Messrs. Adams and Memmknger.
Robert Barnwell Rhett’is announced as a can
didate for the Senate of the United States, by the
Spartan, and his claims and qualifications very ably
presented. There is no indication, however, thut ;
this is dene with his approbation.
Resolutions have been offered expressing the
highest approbation of the character and military
services of Col. Benj. Huger, and ordering the pre- !
sentation of a sword in die name of the State.
Tire Lemmon Negroes.
We have heretofore recorded in our paper the
outrageous wrong which was perpetrated upon Mr.
Lemmon, a loyal citizen of Virginia, who touched at
the harbor of New York, cn route for Texas, and
was robbed of eight slaves under color of the laws
of Neijj York. We confess that our cheeks wore
crimsoned with the blush of shame when vve recor
ded the outrage, without, at the same time, demand
ing redress or satisfaction. The flag of the United
States gives no protection to Southern property in
our own waters. This is a humiliating confession,
but it is tho truth. Even this were tolerable, if the
Southern people had the manliness to demand re
dress, and in ease of refusal, to enforce it. But
the South has submitted to greater outrage with
complacency. She has surrendered to the grasping
North, the rich purchase of the blood of her noblest
sons, and proscribed as traitors, the little band which
felt her wrongs, and would have redressed them.
With the humiliating pa-t ever before us, we had
no heart to denounce the. robbery of Lemmon,
and no hope of a response if we had blown the war
bugle. These feelings, no doubt, hr.ve influenced the
conductors of the Southern Rights press every where.
Our silence is the consequence of hopeless despair.
The Union press, however, have taken a differ
ent view of the matter, and the Alabama Journal ,
I particularly, attributes our silence to the fear, on our
; part, of perplexing Mr. Pierce’s Administration,
i Accustomed to look to party for support, acknowl
! edging no higher objects than the promotion of the
j interests of party in their Editorial labors, it is not
i surprising that they should impute to others the low
motives which actuate themselves. We are happy
I to see that the la Grange Reporter , now edited by
a veteran politician and a Union man, of over twenty
! years’ standing, is at last roused to tiie fighting point.
and is prepared to treat the North as an enemy, and
: to dissolve the Union :
We have no inclination to enter into an argument on
! this question. This is lost time and labor. Weareon
i lv going to ask the attention of our readers to the dee is
| ion of Judge Paine, in the New York Lemmon case. The
! abolition movement l*, step by step, onward, m-..i from
I the power that ruies in tiie North, the South has noth
i ing to hope. If our conflict was with tho subject* of a
! foreign power, we would know how to act, but oar ene
! inies are those who proles? to be the inmates of our own
| household. They sing lullabies to us, and make coni
piomises w ith us, and are much moved at our restive
i ness, yet let no opportunity escape to strike another
j blow. All compromises with these people are useless;
i are worse than children’s play. For twenty years wo
; have struggled against the convictions of our judgment,
i For the sake of the institutions, baptized in the blood of
! our lathers, we have shut our eyes to these injuries, and
i for this purpose, again and again have called ail our ut
j most patience into requisition. But the evidence is full,
I and the signs of the times forbid the South any longer
! to trust their welfare and safety to these people, fee! t
i preservation is the first law of nature, and every tiling
i else must fall before this great principle. We need not
: shut our eyes—it will come to it. Sooner or lator the
I South will be deluged with ruin, or she will have to
| trust to her owu arm for safety, and say to those inter
: meddling , our fellowship with you t> ended —we will
treat you as we do the balance of the world, “enemies
I in war—in peace, friends.”
This is a hopeful sign of the times. When Union
• men will consent to lead the van in defence of South
ern Rights, they may be sure of the co-operation of
the gallant party which has heretofore been crushed
under the joint weight of the Abolitionists of the
North, and the Submissionists of the South. But
until Union leaders have disabused the Southern
mind of the gross delusions they were at so much
pains to inculcate, as to the weakness of the South,
the power of the North, and the invaluable blessings
of the Union, it were arrant folly for Southern
Rights men again to advance the standard of seces
sion. Resistance to Northern aggression on the
part of the South, must be a united resistance. In
the emphatic language of the Reporter , “we need
not shut our eyes—it will come to it.”
President Fillmore and President Law.
President Law has th*? sympathies of that portion
of our citizens who glory in the name of Young
America ; but we a*v inclined to think President
Fillmore's course will be approved by ths old Fo
gies, and is in accordance with law and right.
The Southern States have claimed and asserted
the right against the world, to imprison colored sea
men who enter our ports; and we imagine that no
Southern State would hesitate to hang an abolition
ist to the first limb who should attempt to exeite in
surrection among our siaves ; nor would vve allow
any interference with this right by any foreign State.
Tiie right vve claim for ourselves, we freely accord
to Spain. Wo will not pretend to justify her course
towards Turscr Smith. She lias acted hastily, im
prudently, and arbitrarily. But if the United States
had been invaded by two bands of English adventu
rers, who sought to overthrow our institutions, vve
can hardly doubt but that our people would have
pursued a similar course towards individuals of tho
same nation who should enter our pons afterwards,
against whom a well grounded suspicion was enter
tained of having countenanced the invasion.
It is announced in the Republic that no officer of
tiie Navy will be allowed io enter “the service of tfe
Company so long as its managers adhere to their
present practice of converting the visits of their ves
sels into a source of annoyance to tho Spanish ofiti
cials ; am! that the mails shall not be again dispatch
ed in the Crescent City, or in any other of the Com
pany’s steamers which may have Purser Smith on
board, but will be transmitted to Charleston, and
thence by tho Steamship Isabel, to Cuba.”
Damage by the Freshet,
We learn from the Alabama Journal that very
extensive injury has been done in the country sur
rounding Montgomery, Ala. Bridges and stock
have bei n swept away by the flood. Mr. Rouse, of
Montgomery and a negro boy, belonging to Mr.
Winter, in attempting to cross the Tullapoos i River
in a batleau, at Judkins’ Ferry, were drowned. Mr.
Thus. M-ilton was in the batteau, and was saved
with great difficulty.
The Lufaula Spirit of the South gives a very
gloomy picture of the injury done below us on ihe
Chattahoochee. Tiie River was higher on Satur
day, than it has been since the memorable fresln-t in
1841. Many of the river Plantations have been
inundated and great injury lias doubtless been done
to the crops, a large portion of which is still ungath
ered. Tiie mills in this section, with a single ex
eeption, have been carried avvav or otherwise great
ly injured, and in some instances gin-houses and
their contents have suffered a like fete. The wharf
at thiat place is stiil completely submerged, andfbut
for the most sir, -11110113 exertions throughout the en
tile night of Thursday, several hundred bal sos cot
ton would have been lost. Fortunately, however,
the injury in this I*. speet was but trifling. Bridg
es m every direction have been swept away. If
the flood is as extensive as is apprehended, it can
not fail to curtail materially tho cotton crop and
baffle the expectations of those who arc predicting
an immense production.
Temperance movement in Alabama.
At Convention, held in Selma, Ala., of
the Sons of ‘“empeT?,i,oe. last month, it was resolved
not to press the passage of the Maine Liquor Law,
but to urge the Legislature to give to tho various
towns, villages an! beats, the power to prohibit The
sale of ardent spirits within their boundaries. In
explanation of the motives which influenced the Con
vention, wo extract the following passage from a let
ter of Dr. N. 13. Powell :
M e feared the political demagogue, who love*
the dear people, and is so j<*alous of their rights
and liberties, and prates and talks so eloquent
ly about freedom. We therefore had the van
tage ground. Our proposition is, for a majori
ty of the people in the various cities, towns, vil
lages, beats, and precincts, to say whether they
will have tli -se sinks of iniquity (doggeries)
quartered upon them or not. Os 11 1 is, none
should complain, as it accords with the spirit
and genius of our Republican government.
Respectfully,
N. B. POWELL.
The Southern School Journal.
By reference to another column, it will be seen
that Rev Thomas F. Scott, of this city, proposes to
publish a Monthly Journal, to be devoted to the in
terest of schools in the Southern States. The im
portance of the undertaking is felt and acknowledged
by every lover of his country. Intelligence and virtu
arc at the foundation of our liberties. And yet
there are thousands of voters who can neither read
nor writ *, in every Southern State ; and our system*
of vihieTj ‘n are inefficient and almost valueless.
They do not meet (he exigency of our circumstances.
This subject will be thoroughly canvassed in tlie
Southern School Journal; interest will be awaken
ed on the subject of public instruction, and we doubt
not a system developed, by which the clouds of ig
norance which darken tiie intellectual horizon of the
Soutli, will be dispelled.
Mr. Scott ia eminently qualified for the task lie
has undertaken. IBs soul is in the work, and he
deserves the liberal patronage of ihe Southern States
in bis noble enterprise.
Jews.
It is stated that among the millions of farmers of the
United States, there is not one Jew.— Ex. Paper.
This is not true. Wo have in this immediate
v'cinity two .Jews, who are engage! in farming, and
we doubt not there are thousands of others in dif
ferent par,s of the United States. It might have
been as well for the writer of the above item to have
stated, that of the great multitudes of inmates of pris
ons and penitentiaries in the United States, there is
not one Jew.
(FOR THE SENTINEL.]
Phrenotechny and Mnemonics.
Mr. Editor : I was much surprised that your
last issue contained no allusion to the passage at arms
between Professor (?) Crane and Professor (?) Nixon,
in Temperance Hall, last week. You may think it
unworthy .of notice at your hands. 111 this I disa
gree with you, and am sure your readers will never
forgive you, if you habitually* neglect such occasions
of administering to their gratification. Will you al
low me to suggest that all popular papers are per
sonal (?) and that the greater the personality of edi
torials, the greater the avidity of the public to see
the paper. If you are mealy-mouthed, and gentle,
or even silent, you will never increase your subscrip- _
lion list beyond a few thousand. I make these sug
gestions to you as a friend, and hope you will profit
by them. But to my task :
I understood there was to be a beur-fight inTemper
auee Hall on Tuesday night of last week, between Pro
fessors Crane and Nixon, and having the bump of
combativeness pretty large, I of course went to see it.
As I entered the Hall a small, cadaverous man in
black, was flourishing a paper in his hand, and de
nying most emphatically that “my friend, the Doc
tor,” knew any thing about Mnemonics, and very
suddenly sat dowu to give him an opportunity of
proving to the contrary.
, u lie had scarcely taken hie seat before a man ad- 1
vaueed upon the niaifonu with step and air of a i
tragedy king. He wa* dreesed from head to foot, j
lie wore two massive chains around Ids nock, and |
a tremendous one pendant from his waistband. lie ;
had rings on his fingers, on which flashed diamonds
and rubies; his face was covered with beard, and ;
his hair hung in curls gracefully from h:a temples. ■
He commenced with a couple of bows, in acknowl- ‘
edgment of the applause which Tits splendid appear- [
anee elicited, and opened his discourse in a deep, 1
orotund voice which struck terror, no doubt, into
the heart of his competitor. He ridiculed his “Aim- j
pie and old art” of Mnemoteehny, and still more
the lofty pretensions of the little Professor ; but w.-.s
particularly eloquent in denying that “association” ■
was artificial. lie let loose the wings of bis fancy, ‘
and soared among the stars, and would no doubt j
have lost himself in his aerial flight, if some Tittlebat I
Titmouse had not brought him back to earth by a
whistle as loud and long and ominous, as the blast of
the last trump at the day of doom. The Professor
of Fhreuotechny now turned upon the Professor of
Mnemonics, and charged him with leaving Oak
Bowery between dark and daylight, and of being
forced to give tip his admission money at Salem,
Ala., and took his seat amid uproarious applause.
The blood of the audience was no;v up, and right
loudly did they cheer the Professor of Mnemo
nics, when he again came forward to reply. The
Professor of Phrenology kindly joined in the ap
plause, but I presume bo was sati.-fied before his
competitor bad finished, that the b’iioys did not
need any help, as [ noticed he desisted before his
speech was ended.
The opening of the address of the Professor of
Mnemonics was very pathetic, and a tear or two
started down the cheeks of several sons of the Em
erald Isle, when lie told Ids audience of his having
left his home in Gold Ireland at the early age of
six years, and camp, a poor stranger, to this glorious
land to enjoy its freedom, lie confessed that he
was still poor, and dependent upon his lectures for
support, and made an exhibit of himself to prove
that ho had neither gold nor diamonds. 1 put up
my handkerchief to cry, but my painful emotions
were soon relieved, when, after denying the charge
of skulking away from Oak Bowery, and explaining
the origin and end of ids difficulty tit Salem, In*
charged his “friend, the Doctor,” with having been
compelled to leave the Virginia Springs, on account
of insults offered to the visitors while in a state of
intoxication. The little Irishman seemed to grow
larger after this defiance. He hinted that bis
“friend, the Doctor,” would have done well to have
joined the Sons before he entered that Hail, and
more than insinuated that he had more sheets out in
the wind then, than his ballast would warrant. Hut
the crowning point of Professor Nixon’s oration
arose out of a previous examination of his cranium,
by Professor Crane. He had pronounced his head
a Yankee head, which the Hibernian denied, and
after some parleying, gave Ireland as his birth place.
To this the Phrenologist replied that both Scotch.
English and Yankee heads, were better than Irish
Alluding to this slut - upon his origin, ho said he had
seen Scotch heads, English heads. Irish heads, Yan
kee heals. Indian heads and African heads, and
that lie had rather have any one, or ail of those
heads, than a Crane's head—it had no soul in it
and concluded amid thundering applause. The
house was with him.
A feeble cheer greeted Professor Crane’s second
appearance on the stage. lie commenced bv saving
that he had understood that a party had assembled
there that night to ; nt him down, and very plainly
intimated that they had mistaken their man. lie
then turned to Nixon and demanded whether he
charged him with ever having 1.-ft any city, town,
or village, until he chose to do so 1 “Say Springs,”
whispered the Irishman, and tin* applause was tre
mendous. Nothing daunted, the bravo Doctor re
turned to the assault, called for tiie proof, denied
the charge and declared that “no man should make
; such a charge with impunity,”
Matters having now reached the fighting noint.
s,
a universal hiss ran through the audience, and men,
women, boys and girls, ail arose and left the room.
By publishing the above in your admirable paper,
you will confer a favor on
Your obedient servant.
THE PUBLIC.
Columbus, Nov. 20, 1852.
NEWS OF THE WEEK.
[Telegraphed for the Alabama Journal.]
Arrival of the Steamsiiip Ba 11ic.
Mobile, Nov. 29.
The steamer Baltic arrived at New York to-day,
bringing three days’ later news from Europe.
Cotton was dull, and no change in prices. Stiles
of three days reached ten thousand bales, mostly ta
ken by the trade.
Wheaband fLur had*advancd.
Consols unchanged ; money easy.
The news of the death of Webster created a
great sensation in London, and the Americans held
a meeting in honor of his memory.
The Crescent City has I‘ft New York for New
Orleans via Ilav.vna. The mails have been with
drawn from her by order of the Government, while
Purser Smith remains in the Company’* service,
and sent by way of Charleston ; also, that no officer
of the Government will be allowed to command ves
sels unless Smith is withdrawn.
Cotton is dull in this city. The sales amounted
to 1,000 bales. Middlings at S 7-Sd.
The following vessels have just arrived at this
port:
Elisha Dennison, from New York.
Schooner Start, from Philadelphia.
Schooner Hazard, from Newport.
, Steamer Magnolia, from Louisville.
Hermann’s Advices.
France. —The Mouiteur, of the Bih, publishes
the report of tlie Senate for the re-establishment of
the Empire. Louis Napoleon is declared Emperor,
under the title of Napoleon the Third. The Em
pire is to be hereditary, in the direct line of Napo
leon ; but, should be fail to have issue or adoptive
heir, the Senatus-Consu Ituin is to aj point on Empe
ror. Louis Napoleon, however, has the privilege, in
default of legitimate male issue, of adopting the legiti
mate children or descendants in the male line of the
brothers of the Emperor Napoleon the First. Adop
tion is interdicted to children of Louis Napoleon
and their descendants. The members of the Em
peror's family cannot marry without h s consent.
Tiie present Constitution is to be maintained in all
that is not contrary to the provisions of the present
Senatus-Consultum, which was adopted by a vote of
86 out of 88 Senators. The people are convoked, by
decree, on the 21st and 23d instant, to accept or
reject the Empire-, voting yea or 110, by secret bal
lot. The corps Legislative is convoked for the rati
fication of the returns of the 23th instant.
The President bad officially accepted the Impe- j
rial title in a formal address, which had produced an
unfavorable impression on the popular mind.
Jerome Bonaparte had resigned the presidency of
the Senate.
Austria. —The emperor of Austria had been
struck with an epileptic or apoplectic fit and could
not long survive. The last sacraments had been
administered to him.
B pais.— Madrid advices of Nov. 3d, state that no
anxiety was felt regarding tiie Crescent City affair.
Mississippi. —The full vote of Mississippi is in;
all official hut the county of DeSoto. Majority for
Pierce 9,437.
President’s Message.—The Washington Re
public is authorized to state that the President’s
Message wiii be transmitted this year by special mes- i
sengers to the principal points of the Union, in
the same manner us was pufsued last year. !
Virginia. —The Richmond Enquirer sets down
the majority for Pierce and King in this glorious old i
State, at 14.599 !
Tennessee. —Scott's exact majority in this State is j
put down by the Nnshrille Gazette at 1811, which |
is n wiiig gain over the Gubernatorial vote of last I
year, of 151 votes. The whole vote, says the Ga- \
ztile, falls below the vote for Governor,, one year
ago, nine thousand votes —when it should have been
increased two or three thousand at least—showing
that ten or twelve thousands voters did not exercise
the privilege of the ek-ctive franchise at the recent ]
election.
Louisiana. — We have at last the official vote of
this State, which stands for
Pierce and King, 18.61$
Scott and Graham, 17.255
Deni, majority", 1,392 j
The majority for the new constitution is three
two hundred and eighty-two votes.
Horrible Murder. —A woman in Gilmer coim -
fv, Ga.. named Pressley, murdered her husband
while in a state of beastly intoxication, on the 10th
November, by splitting his head open with an axe.
Site confessed the crim, and regretted that she had
not perpetrated it 29 years before. She was arrest
ed and confined in jail, but was subsequently re
leased, and is now at large.
Oopfer Ork in Tennessee.—We learn from the
Dalton Times that a Northern Company is enga
ged in working a copper mine on the Iliwassee,
Poik county, Tennessee. The ore i the black oxide
of copper, and yields as high <l3 70 per cent, of pure
metal. The Company is constructing a plank rad
from the mine down the Oconee river to Cleveland.
The Engineer, under whose direction the mine is
worked, pronounces the mine richer than those of
Cornwall.
Washington, Nor. 23d —The coir re recently
pursued at Havana by passed midshipman Davenport,
acting commander of the Crescent C.ty, is strongly
condemned by the Government. He has been re
moved from the Crescent City and ordered to the
\ meetmes, now fitting out for a three years’ cruise
in the Pacific.
A special meeting of the Cabinet was held to-day,
p- rlmps about tho Crescent City affair, but more
probably respecting the President's message. Some
20 special messengers have b- on detailed from the
Post Office Department to deposit the message with
the Postmasters in the principal cities and towns
throughout the United States, as was done last year.
They will start early next week.
Gen. Shields and half a dozen members of the
House arrived to-day.
Tho Democracy of Washington are arranging
a sumptuous jubilee dinner at the United Slates Ho
tel. to take place m-xt Tuesday night.
Among the arrivals to-night are Col, Weller,
Gov. Brown, and Hon. Fayette MeMullin, of Ya.
Free Lands to Settlers. —Canada has -sub
stantially subscribed to t-’ e doctrine o! Free Lands
to aeinial settlors—the Executive Government having
decreed that a tract of twenty four millions of acres,
lying mainly north east of Lake Huron, in the lati
tude of the American mining districts of Lake So
p- rior, will, as soon r.s s be thrown open to
the landless in gratuitous tiaets of one hundred and
sixty acres. Alternate sectious will thus bo given
away without price, those lying between them being
reserved for sale to cover the expenses of surveying
and opening the country to immigrants.
General Cass in the Cabinet— The Detroit
Tribune learns from some of the most intimate
friends of Gen. Cass in that city, that lie stated that
he would not, under any circumstances, consent to
accept of any position in the new cabinet.
The. grapes are doubtless sour.
(IjT Flutes of most exquisite lone and finish are
made of india-rubber, hardened by Goodyear’s
process.
O’ Mr. Stiles’ work upon the Austrian revolu
tion, has had the honor of being plat ed op the list of
books prohibited at the Austrian Custom houses.
O” The late Bishop Chase, of lltin >is, In-queathed
£ 10,000 to Jubilee College. The amount was due
him from the college.
Letters bv tub Million.—Over ninety-three
millions of letters passed through the Post-Office of
1 the United States during the last fiscal year, (from
June'sl to June’s 2.) The revenue under the re
duced rati sos postage has laden oft’ nearly a mil
lion of dollars.
O’ The Senate of North-Carolina has rejected,
by a decided vote, a Bill to give the election of Clerks
and Masters in Equity to the people. It had previ
ously passed the House of Commons.
ELf Mrs. Caroline Lee I Tentz, formerly of this
State, but litv.v resident at Columbus, Ga., where she
edits the literary department, of the Sunt hern Sen
Uriel, has won the prize of §3OO, offered by Ossiaii
E. Dodge. Esq., editor of tiie Jhston Literary Muse
inn, for the best Anu-iiiur: Stoiy. It is entitled “Ne
gleeting a I'Ve, or the Young Physician's Fortunes..”
and is said to be a most exquisite romance. Mrs. 11. j
is eminently successful ill tins department of litera
ture. having borne off’ more prizes than any other
American authoress, save perhaps Miss Leslie.—Mo
bile Register.
Freshet at Augusta.— Augusta, Not. 26.
Within the past day or two we have had heavy rains,
which have extended into ; lie interior,. Along the
line of the Georgia Hail-Road hoary rains have
fallen, and it is apprehended that some portion* of
that road have suffer-d damage. The water is now
running on Bay street in this city on a line with the
fi nee of the upper wharves. The river has ris- n j
sixteen to seventeen feet ami is still rising about two ;
inches per li our. It will, however, have to rise ten
feet more before it can reach Hroad Street. Os
about four thousand bales of Cotton that were left
upon the wharf awaiting shipment all have been sa
ved in a w-t slate, except about two hundred bales j
which drifted off. A steamer, however, has been
sent after them, and it is anticipated that nearly all j
of them will be saved also.
Not. 28. —The River continued to rise slowly ;
after our paper went to press, until about three
o’clock yesterday afternoon, when it commenced !
falling, and was falling slowly when we went to I
press last night. It rose to the height of about j
twenty eight feet above low water mark. But lit |
tie damage was sustained.
A vessel is to sail from New Orleans for !
Liberia on the 20th of December, to take out im
migrants at the expense of the American Coloniza
tion Society. The Rev. E. li. Cleghorn. of Ken- 1
tuekv, has been appointed agent for the South West,
and will soon be in New Orleans.
Nr.w Trial in Capt. .McLane’s Case.—lon, of
the Baltimore Sun, says the President of tho Uni
ted Slates has disapproved of the verdict of the
Army Court Martial recently held at New Y- rk
in the case of Capt. McLane, for conduct unbecom
ing an officer and gentleman, and prejudicial to
good order and military discipline* iu addressing
insulting language to Major Ilardcastle and assault
ing Col. Roberts. The verdict of the court is said
to have been one of acquittal and the President uas
consequently ordered anew trial.
The South Carolina Institute —At the re
cent annual Fair of tt is Society, held m Chariest- n.
we notice that the Committee ou Premiums Awar
ded the following to our citizens, for the artiel.s that
were sent by them for exhibition. The premiums,
we tire assured, were well deserved by those who
received them, and their award by the Committee
evidences their oorrect appreciation of skillful me
chanism and superior workmanship. —Columbus
Enquirer.
E. T. Taylor & Cos., Co’umbtis, Ga.. for the Pa
tent Excelsior Straw Cutter —a Silver Medal.
J. H. llappoldt, of Columbus, Ga., for a Rifle — j
a Silver Medal.
Best Cott-.n Gins, E. T. Taylor Cos., Colum- i
bus, Ga.—a Silver Medal. j
Dr. J. S. Whitten, of Ga.. til so received a
cup for the best long staple uplaud Cotton. Cf
ID” Ay project b contmpkn.ed-of • establish!,,
telegraphic line from Columbus to EnfauLr T
interest of Kufaufa-requires such a *bmniDnlcm io! .
nnd we hope'the undertaking will be carried out
| tilt it a Iltcvir—\V e are indebted to Maj->r s 0 , u
for a s eeimeii of hemp which was made fhmi ff,,
l Okra plant. It has been ascertained that rnp.>g oi4n
! be made from the fibres of okra as strong and dur t
i ble nsthofe made from hemp, and it is not ittiproS
I able that the. culture of this plant may soon b e
j extensive hi Ihe Southern States as that of •
; •*, “fiddle. It, is said that upwards oft,„,,
of ttltra hemp"catf be mined on a single acre of lau i
[ Texas P iper ,
The .Lemmon Indemnity Fund.—We learn fron
| the New York > Journal of Cum*err* tlw t| )fc >n ,
j of $5.28(1, or S2BO more than was r* . aired,
’ been subscribed it: that city, to iudemndk Mr. L,.
■ mon, of Virginia, tortile loss of his slave--
I
The Homs Journal —New Series.—\ npTr
! **ries of that unrivalled family newspaper—Mo-ris
: and Willis’s Home Journal —wiii -.commence in eie
! gant style the first of January next. Small nsseem
jed the sp ice for improvement—it is evident that th®
; volume will be rich beyond its predecessors. y IP
; W iilis is to give his Travels in the Tropics, and F
j the South and West: and someth’tig new and atirae
• tive in a series of picturesque sketches, descriptive of
: “Country life within city reach.” Anew novel
| also promised, with current notices, as before, of ~,,..
| tropoman anil fashionable life : not merely, however
of f.ishion and amusements, but of lectures, works of
| art, schemes of improvement and benevolence (l ew
! enterprises and popular entertainments. One d-.
j partment is entitled “interesting to Ladies nut
j leas; important in the paper. All other topics that
| pertain to the comprehensive sphere of a dr.-ovine
i room gaz tte —a chronicle that interests all e las,-.-s
1 * 1 society—are kept in view ; and tile price only two
j dollars a year ! Now is the time to subscribe.
; UWm. C. Bryant, the poet, and editor of the
; N . 5 . Evening Post, has sailed for Europe, and will
1 visit Spain, Portugal, Greece, Egvpt and the Holy
Land, and return home about next May.
EF Madame Son tag, after her present series of
j concerts iu Boston, is to go to New York, an 1 su v -
I there, as a resident, five months ; during which time
j she will give twelve Concerts, and establish an opera
j for the winter.
Fatal Aekxat at St. Louis.—John Rover, a
clerk, ha-1 a dispute with a man in n hail room,
| 011 Saturday night, at St. Louis, and drew a
1 revolver and fired at him, but. missed his aim and
! abut a woman dead, and wounded two men who
were standing near.
State Agrtuaitiiral Fair,
We have received from the Secretary of the
; Southern Centra! Agricultural Association, .7. V.
j Jones Esq., the following notice, to which th-.-atu-n
----’ lion of the public is invit. and :
t Agricultural Notice. A meeting of the Ex
; ecutive Hoard of the Southern Central Agi ia-ulMivai
; Society, will be held in Augusi.a, on Motidav. tho
| 13th of December next. A full attendance of tho
Board is ti quested, a* hnsim-ss of importance t-> the
Society wiii require their attention, such as locating
j the next annual Fair, publishing a Premium
j List. &e
In publishing tho Premium List for the n-xt ex
hibition. suggestions are solicited and will be th-uik
j fully r.-ceived by the Hoard, frtcu members of tb -
Society, i-sp. ot.--.iiy Ladies, upon D>ro*iic M ninth.-
tur s. Household and the diii’ictit Departments in
which tlu-y are particularly interes'ed. It is desi
red that every indtistt i.! interest shall be repr <-n-
I ted at th-* annual Exhibitions of the Society. ;m l
j that justice and encouragement slpill be iii-x ted to
j a 1 ! F'.at contribute to sustain the Society,
j Newspipers gen.-rally in the St.it.-, a: 1 -.- rvpiog
-1 ted to publish the above notice.
\ By order of tiie Executive P> -;rd.
J. V. Jones. Secretary,
j Office of the Society, 10th Nov , 1852.
I
Mosquito Hites—A Remedy.— air. W Co!li:i?on
I of New York, writes us. that being much troubled with
! the bite of the mosquito one evening, and having in- i
: many things a- a remedy, the thought struck him to
j try the incited tallow of a cantUtt by which he was
j reading, (we like, to hear of our correspond- ill - read
ing,) when to his astonishment the pain le'.t the pm
j entirely. He believes this to be a good remedy. We
hope it is. Mosquitoes are very thick in this eitv tins
j year. One thing happened with oursolt; and, which is
; not a little singula.-, no one used to be more troubled and
; pained with their bites: this year they do not tone :s
us in tiie lea-t They lute and bite, and leave only a
- rinaf! red mark, but that is aii—no itching, 110 troub.a
afterward. We cannot account tbr it.- Seienti'ir
American.
1 How to v.-.;ck Canakte* familiar. —If yon wi-h—as
j all who truly love birds m i-t wish—to make lour
“l>ets” familiar, give them oeea-ionaily a smali qianti
ty of yolk of egg, boiled hard, and a little of “Clifford *
German Paste,” mixed with a- t lie sponge cake. I’t
this, lovingly, into a little “exelii-ive’’ tin pan. fitted in
a -ly corner ol the cage, and the treat Vwd Ine a
I double charm. These innocent little creatures 1->v> !■-
I flirt with any nice pickings thus mysK-riou.-’y e . i
: to them , and they will keep 01 chattelktg Vo yon inn
i language of their own, for many minutes, while view
! ing the (qierations in which v-ut aa- tiotkoly engaged
j iur their particular benefit.— Knit/ .* Gum J/urn -l.
j Indian Br ••ad. —Beat two eggs very light, mix alt*l
- nately with them one pint of soar milk, or buu.-rm.i .
j and one pint of Indian meal; melt oils ‘aide-no -d ■’
I butter and add to the mixture j <k-*-wY <.<: tYr
!ul of soda arid saierams, 4.c., in a small po.-fim-. oi ■>
milk, and add it to the mixture tiie la-t thing; t
very hard and bake it in a j au or >ll a •..nie’v oil -i.
Cranberry Pie. —Wash sud ptc.t ran- i'-wial of i-.-pe
cranberries, add to tneni one p-utrsi nf I -if .-agar, a i
treat them tino iu a mortar. 1 1 ave n n.!y a fmli pa-u ,
with which line your dish or soup pb-L ; j>>ar ; -
mixture, e(<ver it with paste, oruaiYKiit it with icing, n..d
bake in rather a quick oven.
Carolina Rice and Wheat Bread —irimmer <<
pound id’ rice in two quart- of water until it is quite
soft; when it is cool enough, mix it well with ten
pounds of wheat flour, yeast and salt as for other bread—
of yeast, four large spoonfuls. Let it rise la-fote the
lire. Some of the flour should be reserved to inah
the loaves. If the rice swell- greatly and lequirt - more
water, add as much as you think proper.
Tribute of Ilespeci.
Lodge Room, Columbian 1/>dgb, No. 7, /
of l-'ree apd Accepted Mas III*. *|
Noveiiihei- 15th, A. L 5852.
Brother Ah-x. C. M -rt-m offered the f-*l|oiving
resolutions, wiiieh were unanimously pteff :
Brcherw — A gain we gre remiudud ->* .ne a.u.i i
m#:i of life, and the certainty >-i death. As sure
ly as the footstep* of tune conics tie: dread dev.my
cr, proclaiming that there is bat one step from the
fruition of Earth to the realization of Eternity.
It has pleased the Supreme Giand Architect of
the Universe to remove from lus labor on earth, oar
worthy Brother, Gsorcb W. Coivurrt. He dt 1 ,
on the night of the 17lh inat at the rcsid tv.-'-- of
his brother, Lester L. Covvdery. in Alabama.-’
Though at the lime of his death. Brother Con . - -
was but a sojourner in our jnrisdicti m, he !•- 1
long been connected with the labors of Masonry ta
Columbus, having been a member and officer of tlo - *
Lidge.
In all relations of life, as a Mason, he fvi ! . 1 u. >
discharged bis duties, and has left a lasting renum
branee of his many virtues, in the circle ot Ins M 1
S Hiie friends.
Ic is proper that we should publicly add o>- 1
bute of respect to bis memory, and “* ’‘ < :ICI
with those whom bis death has berea-cd. !•
fore. ,
Resolved, That having buried our •’ -- 1
tiie Jioi.ois of Masonry, as a further tribute <-t
spt?ct for Ins memory, ive will wear tiie u=uu! i'.iL 0
of mounting for thirty days.
Resulted, That this testimonial of respect for <>- !r
deceased brother, be forwarded to his family,
published in the papers of this city atm • - 1 - 1 - ’
of w hich latter place he was so iate a citizen.
MICHAEL N. CLARKE, S -’L