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THE PUBLIC GOOD BEFORE PRIVATE ADVANTAGE. ATLANTA, GEORGIA, MOM, FEBRUARY 18, 1861. Meet* quarterly on the third Monday evening in Jan uary, April, July and October. WM. BARNES, Chief Engineer. S. D. SHERWOOD, let Asaielant. R. F. MADDOX, 2d Asalatant. V M JOHNSTON, Secretary. JOHN F. EZZAKD, Treaaurer. ATLANTA FIRE COMPANY No. 1, meets flret Monday in each month. J. H. MECA8L1N, President. W. K. Mahon, Secretary. GUARDIAN. EDITORS A PROPRIETORS. VOL. I-NO. 6. Weilt TRAIN. it 8.40, P. M. 5.58, A. M. 2.SO, P. M. 11.45, P. M. pnection with tho Trains end the Savannah and lAuguita. nt Railroad. , 87 Miles—Fare,..$3 50 , Superintendent. •BE TRAIN. t. 10.10, A. M. .. S.10, P. M. It, at 8.00, P. M. r .. 7.51, P.M. hreRR TRAIN. • 0.80, A. M. I. 5.48, A. M. t, at 8.15, A. M. 7.50, A. M. i the Montgomery A b Point. i Miles—Fare,.. ..$5. [ Superintendent. ■B TRAIN. ...10.10, A. M. ... 8.40, P* M. 1 4.05, A. M. P 1.15, P. M. NflRR TRAIN. . at 7.50, P. M. lit 4.50, A. M. \ 8.20, P. M. 1 11.45, P. M. eh way,with the Rome L pton, the East Ten- 1 at Dalton, and the > Railroad at Chatta- filaa— Fare, $4 60. , Superintendent •nr TRAIN. 1.45, P. M. 7.15, P. M. 1.80, P. M. 7.00, P. M BRR TNAIN. 1 12.00, Night L 7.15, A. M. r 12.00, Night L 7.15, A. M. E not be run on Sun- ITrain from Atlanta, j. Railroad for Saran- he South-Western for |l.46, A. M. Ueota, connects with arannah at 10.00 P. Rail Road for Co from Atlanta to New fare In Savannah, [wanted, during businees. One >IU1, or more, will find bother ho engages ac- r not For further par- julyU-tf | GOVERNMENT OF GEORGIA, EXECUTIVE DEPARTMENT. Johkth E. Bnown, Governor. John B. Campiiell, l H. II. Wattses, >SccreUries. A. J. Bckicksh, Surveyor O' LEGISLATIVE DEPARTMENT. Theobom L. Guekry, President of Senate. F. II. West, Secretary of Senate. C. J. Wii.liamh, Speaker House of Representatives, titoaui Hyllikr, Clerk House of Kepresentr ' Charles G. Talbird, Assistant. W. A. Williams, Book Keeper, ('has. W. Lakr, Chaplain. Dr. R. G. Cask, Physician. D. G. Campbell, VTrustees. Miller Grieve, ) JUDICIARY DEPARTMENT. Bl'PRBMB COORT—JUDOE8. Joseph IIerrt Lcmpkin, of Athens. Richaed II. Lton, of Atltnta. Charlbb J. Jemirs, of Augusta. F It PORTER. Gborub N. Lrstrr, of Marietta. CLEBK. Charles W. DiBosi, of SpsrtR. DISTRICTS. Irt District.—Brunswick, Eastern and Middle Judicial Circuits. Timb op Bbssiox—-2d Monday In January and June, at tahoochee, Judicial Circuits. Timr or Session—1th Monday In January and 8d Monday In June, at Macon. 8n District—Tallapoosa, Flint, Coweta, Blue Ridge and Cherokee Circuits. BUPKRIOR COURTS, N. J. Hammord, Atlanta Solicitor General. Coutles. Time of Session. Clayton—1st Monday In May and November. DeJaalb—4th Monday In April and October, ette—2nd Monday In March and September. ■ on—1st Monday In April and October. Meriwether—8d Monday In February and August. Troup—8d Monday In May and November. Carroll—1st and 1 | Coweta—1st Monday In March and September. Floyd—4th Monday In Jan. and 1st Monday in July. Heard—8d Monday In March and September. Haralson—8d Monday In April and October. Paulding—4th Monday In February and August. Polk—8d Monday In February aud August. BLUE RIDGE CIRCUIT. Groroi D. Rice. Marietta, Judge. Wm. Phillips, Marietta, Solicitor General. Counties Time of Sessions. Cherokee—1st Monday In March and September. Cobb—8d Monday In March and September. Dawson—2d Monday In February and August. Fannin—2d Monday In May and October. FnrayUi—4d Monday In February and August. Gilmer—1st Monday la May and October. Lumpkin- 4th Monday In January and July. Milton—1st Monday in June and Novemhei J. A. W. Johsboh, Cass vide, ... Solicitor Oensral. Counties Tims of Sessions. Cass—Id Monday In March and September. Catoesa—td Monday In May and November. Dade—4th Monday In May and November. Gordon—1st Monday In April and October. Murray—td Monday In April and October. Walker—Monday before first Monday In March and ‘ llMBlBr. iFhHUeld—4th Monday la April and October. ATLANTA INSUKANIECOMPANY. JOS. P. LOO AN, President. PERINO BROWN, CuHhier. DIRECTORS. L. P. GRANT, JOSEPH P. LOGAN, THOMAS L. COOPER, JOHN W.JDUNCAN, GEORGE G. HULL, JOS. D. LOCKHART. D EPOSITS received and commercial paper discounted. Collections received and remitted for at cur rent rates of Exchange on day of payment. Uncurrent money, Gold and Silver Coin, bought and sold. Loans and Notes negotiated. Stocks, Bonds and Real Estate bought and sold on commission. par Prompt attention to correspondents. aprill4 FIRE AND LIFE INSURANCE ! W E are Agents for the Augusta Insurance Company, and the Insurance Company of the Valley of Virginia. Our rates of premium will compare with apv of the Northern Companies. We trust citizens will patronize Southern Institution*, especially when they are strong, solvent and prompt in redeeming all losses. S. B. ROBSON A CO. aprill7 Atlanta, Georgia. FIRE AND LIFE T HE subscriber represents the following first class Companies, some of which are now the leading Companies in the country—all having Cosh Capitols and a large surplus. The Companies thus* designated divide seventy Jive per ct. of the net earnings with the policy holders: HOME INSURANCE COMPANY, N. Y Capital aud Surplus, 91.45S.OOO 2H •CONTINENTAL IM8URANCE COMPANY, NEW YORK. Capital aud Surplus $ 1,000.000, •SECURITY INSURANCE COMPANY, N. Y. Capital aud Surplus 9600,383. CITIZEN INSURANCE COMPANY, N. Y. Capital and Surplus, 9324,362. NIAGARA INSURANCE COMPANY. Capital aud Surplus 9304.954, SPRINGFIELD FIRE AND MARINE INSU RANCE COMPANY, MASS. Capital aud Surplus, 9484,000. •MARKET INSURANCE COMPANY, N. Y. Capital aud Surplus, 9300,000. HUMBOLDT INSURANCE COMPANY, N. Y Capital and Surplus 9C35.000. METROPOLITAN INSURANCE CO., N. Y. Capital and Surplus, 9400.000, NEW YORK LIFE INSURANCE COMPANY Capital, 91,800.000. This Company offers security ana advan tages unsurpassed by any Life Insurance Com pany in the country. It accomodates the in surer m tne payment of premiums, annually, half yearly, or quarterly. Premiums on poli- for life, if over $60 per annum, sixty per cent, is only required. Annuities granted on the most liberal terms. All the above Companies court investigation into their condition and system of doing busi- Office on Whitehall street, hext door to T. R. Ripley’s, opposite the “Intelligencer” office. julyl2 SAMUEL SMITH. MECHANICAL. CARVING IN WOOD, T ^HE subscriber respectfully announces to the citizens of Atlanta, that he is now fully prepared to execute in the best manner, every description of CARVING IN WOOD. Ho will also give particular attention to the fitting up ofStores, with Shelves, Counters, Ac., after any plan ; also, the internal decoration of public Halls, Churches, Ac. Old Furniture of good auality will bo repaired at short notice in tlio best manner. THEO. MR0CZK0W8KI, Marietta street, opposite Gas Works. Iyj&n31 ATLANTA BLACKSMITH SHOP —AND— BRASS FOUNDRY, ON HUNTER STREET, Bktwzem McDonoch and Butler Sthkkts, Near the City Hall. T HE Subscriber begs leave to inform his friends, and the public generally, that he haa established, as above, a Blackimith and Wagon Shop, and also a BRASS FOUNDRY. where he Is prepared to do all kinds of work in his line, tie solicits a share of patronage, and will guarantee to give entire satisfaction to all that may entrust him with tholr orders. Orders promptly attended to. JAMES E. GULLATT. AW'IIehaa on hand and for sale twoDRAYS. Cheap for Cash. Atlanta, Jan. 30. Rule to Perfect Service. 8tillio.li Hoiiington ] LIBEL FOR PI VORCK J.ne LUiiingtoo. J Foltoo Sop. Court. Mary B, Bui*. | LIBEL FOR DIVORCE James 11. Buiie j Soper,or Court. I T appearing to the Court, by the returns of ihe Sheriff, that neither of the above defend ants reside in this county, and it further ap- J taring, that neither of them resides in tne Itate, it is, on motion, ordered thst each of said defendants appear and answer, at the next term of this Court, or that said oase be considered in default and that the Plafuliff in each case be allowed to proceed. This 1st day of October, 1880. By the Court. J. M. A W. L Cat noon, Attorneys pro Libelants. A trun extract from the minutes of Fulton Superior Court. Nov 28tb, 1880. DANIEL PITTMAN, Dep. Clerk. Mov. 24. wlamfSm DENTISTRY. H. HUNTINGTON, M. D., DHKTTIST, GEORGIA, OFFICE in Rawaon’s new build ing, corner Whitehall and Hunter Streest.— Residence first house to the left of Col. Yan cey’s. References: Hon. R. F. Lyon, Mr. E. E. Rawson, Messrs. Beach A Root, Rev. Mr. Rog ers, Dr. Logan, Atlanta ; Rev. C. M. Irwin, D. A. Vason, Esq., Col. Nelson Tift, Col. W. J. Lawton, Henry Tarver, Albany. Jan 18. DH. J. P. H. BROWN, DENTIST, SUCCESSOR TO CAMPBELL S RRO., OFFICE over Mam-y A Lanadell’a Drug 8tore, Whitehall street, Atlanta,Georgia. All operations pertaining to Dental Surgery- performed with tne greatest care twawlyjeW i R. W. CRAVEN, DENTISTS, HAEE removed to their new and splendid room in Parkeb’s Block, opposite Beach A Roots, where they are prepared to wait on all who may wish their services. Ministers, who are pastors charged half- price. Calls from a distance attended o wif* promptness. junelH-watw W. J. DICKEY. SURGEON AND MECHANICAL fiflE DENTIST ATLANTA, GEORGIA. OFFICE—Up-stairs, next door to Richard's Bookstore. sep24twlyr NOW OPENING —AT THE— FtmiMTURi STORE, FIRSTDOOR WEST OF THE FULTON BANK ALABAMA STREET, A great variety of Parlor Suites, Made of ROSEWOOD, Mahogany, A.nd Walnut, Covered in BROCATELLE, REPS, VEL VET, SHALLY, and HAIR-CLOTH. All made in a workman-like manner, combining Strength, Durability and Beauty! Modelled after the style of LOUIS XIV, and many of the Oriental Styles adapted to American taste. Also may be found lOO Iiooltlng AND Ladies’ Parlor Chairs, Mostly of new Patterns, from $5 to $30 each. Sofas, Divans, Ottomans, and Tete-a-Tetes, Of the latest and most fash i.nable styles. 200 BUREAUS, Of Rosewood, Mahogany, Walnut and Imitation, from $1.25 to $80. LOOKING-GLASSES, Of every style, qi lity and variety. Cane, Rush, aud Wood-Scat CHAIRS, fo Parlor, Dining, and Bed-Room, with a large variety of Children’s Chairs ; Rocking and Nurse Chairs, with Cane, Rush, aud Wood Bottoms. WARDROBES, Wash-Stands, Hat-Racks, Corner Stands; 8ide, Centre, and Parlor TA BLES, Ladies' Work Tables and Quartettes. BEDSTEADS OF EVERY KIND. FRENCH IN ROSEWOOD, FRENCH IN MAHOGANY, FRENCH IN WALNUT ORIENTAL IN ROSEWOOD, ORIENTAL IN MAHOGANY, COTTAGE IN MAPLE AND WALNUT, COMMON IN POPLAR & MAPLE. Cottage Suites in a variety of styles. Hair, Moss and Cotton Mattresses made to order. All kinds of common Mattresses usual ly found in Furniture Stores kept on hand.— Also a full supply of Window Shades, new Patterns, together with many other article# common to this line of trade. Particular attention paid to Repairing and making to order. Looking Glass Plates kept constantly on hand. D. CHAFFEE, Agent. Atlanta, Sept. 19—dSm Froui the Memphis Kuquirsr. The Southern Union. Hail to the new-born nation ! hail! Shout till our plaudits reach the sky. And echoing over hill and dale, Far on the Northern mountains diel Its pride end honor is our own, And millions of hearts and voices cry, With earnest wishes for their weal, Ood speed our brethren on for ay ! All honor to the noble saen Whoee names shall live through every age— Davis aud Stephens! burning words Shall glow for them on history’s page! The stateman’s crown shall deck their brows, The prayers of millions rise for them; Press on ! press on ! a nation’s praise And love shall be thy diadem. Hail to the fearless and the free, Who calm in conscious duty stand, Resolved to battle for the right— The freedom of their native land ! They have no pallid hearts and cheeks, That fear the “ Union ties’' to sever 1 But this their watchword, “God our guide! And our glorious Southern land forever I* LENA LYLE Forest Hill Institute, Feb. 13, 1801. LIBEL FOR DIVORCE. August Term, 1860. Louisa L .Bhcan, v». John F. Sheen TT appears to the Court thst the Defendant JL resides outside the limits of the State of Georgia. It is ordered by the Court thst service upon said Defendant be perfected by publica tion in terms of the law. D. F. HAMMOND, J. B. C. August 17, 1860. nov.12 1 a mth f.Smths. From the New York Ilersld, 14th Revolution at the South—Formation of a 'ireat Southern Republic. Tbo reUgious, intellectual, and moral lever, which abolitionist fanatics have been steadily applying, lor over thirty years, to.accomplish a dissolution of tha Union, has at length produ ced its legtimaie results. It has culminated in a formal ieclaration of iudependsnoe, on Ihe part of six States of the Union; and the inevitable end of the proceedings of the Peace Congress at Washington, will be that eight more will have.oined them, before the lapse of many weeks. The Republican dogma that slavery is the “ (urn of all villanies , ’ that it is “ a curse,” “ a sin;” that the Constitution of the United States is a covenant with death and agreement witn hell,” could lead to but one inevitable result, namely, that, in the language of Wende'l Phillips, “the slave- holdiog Siates^shoul 1 he out of the Union,” and the tie be everlastingly sundered which bound them together, in one Confedera tion, elements so fundamentally discordant.— From the period of the first establishment of an anti-slavery society .n England, in 1823, with “ the Lord shall spi<l the blood of those who traffic in the souls of their fellow men ” as a standard, the Tappers, Garrisons, Lea vitts, Phillipses, Sewards, Wilsons, Lincolns, Lovrjoys and Van llurens if America, have been indefatigable propagators of the aggres sive creed against (he South, vhich Sir Robert Peel foretold, “ would be the best investment ever made for the overthrow o' free institu tions.” The grave statesmanlike course pur sued by the Southern Congress ,\t Montgom ery, Alabama, demonstrates that be enu has at last been attained, and that the period has arrived for paying dearly for the tieat of ele vating anti slavery Republicanism ti power in the country. The Union is dissolved, and it may not perhaps, be in the power of man to unite its fragments together. No one can peruse with attention the a Ncount of the proceedings of the Congress of tut six seceding States, without being struck by the statesmanship and diplomatic foresigh, of those who have guided its counsels. The groundwork of tbsir action has been identical with that of the Colonies, in their declaration of independence from England, in 1770; and, with aoieran invocations of the Supreme Head of the Universe, they have started from the same point of the “inalienable rights of man,” to lay the basis of just aad equitable involu tion. Nothing can be more sound, and con servative, than the programme whioh they have laid down for the future, and conscious ness of strength lends force to the dignity with which they appeal from the wolf-like ut terances of Nothern ceercionists, to the good seuse of the people at large in the non«slave- holding States. The new Southern Republio starts into existence with a population of four millions, which will be increased to twelve millions ere the lapse of two months. Its ad ministration will be formed under the auspi ces of two of the most enlightened politicians of the age—President Davis, who has gained distinction on the battle field, in the Cabinet and in the Senate, and Vice President Steph ens, whose subtlety, eloquence and private virtues, have been the admiration of the coun try for a long series of years. Out of Mexi co, Cuba, Central America and the northern part of South Amerioa, they entertain the lope to carve, in time, an empire, based up- slavery as a beneficent domestic institution, which will become the richest and most majes- tio that the world has ever beheld. In the meanwhile, they will posaeasthe ooal and iron wraith of Kentucky, Tennessee and Missouri'; the corn fields, superior to any in the world, of Virginia; water power, within a limited •pace, equal to all that is contained in the North put together ; a line of coast adequate to any requirements of navigation; and ev. ery essential of a self-sufficient nation. They are also about to pass tariff laws, with a view to foster and protect Southern manufactures, which call for the matureet consideration on the part of tha oentral members of the Con federacy. It is indisputable that the interests cf the so-oalled Border States will compel them to become a part of the new Southern Republio; but it will be equally for the benefit of the Cen tral 8tatet, including New York, to Identify themeelves with their Southern aeoeding brethren. The new Southern Constitution foreshadows legislative enactments whioh will exoluda Northern fabrics and commerce from Southern ports, in order to divert capital from other usee into the creation of manufactories, South of Mason and Dixon’s line, which may iiiooeaafully compete with those that have hitherto supplied them with merehaadiae.— Commercial treaties with England and Franoe are also to be anticipated, as among the Aral aotive measures that will be consummated by the Southern Confederation. A death blow will that be struck at Northern trade, unless those who are moot immediately eonoerned in the maintenance of our prosperity, possess the energy and wisdom to avert the shook U is on the point of receiving. The question has to be settled, whether the people of the Cen tral States of the Union will permit tho ag gressive fanaticism which has been engender ed by the Massachusetts school of abolition ists, to ruin them irrevocably, at a lima when five-sixths of the voters of those States deprecate the inoendiarism whioh has reduced the Republio to its present condition. Be tween the coercive schemes, oivil war, and military despotism, with whioh Republican leaders are menacing the country, and such a bond of union ss is suggested by that new Southern Republio, to those who have not joined it, New York, Pennsylvania and New Jersey will necessarily ohoose the latter, if the voioe of the people oan make itself heard. It ia understood that a primary reoommen- dation, in the inaugural message of Mr. Lin coln, will be the assemblage of a National Convention. Such a body, properly chosen, would speedily bring to a focus the state of popular feeling in the Northern, Central and border States. We have already had occas ion to show, however, that such an assem blage is a mere chimera, and that to convene it is a clear impossibility. Dissolution of the Union is no longer a vain theory; it hsa become a fact in history. It remains, however, to be seen what course will be pursued by the re maining members of the Confederacy, in tha criaia at which the nation haa arrived. Under any circumstances, the will of the people is that there should be peace. If the inhabitants of the slaveholding and non slaveholding Slates are determined to explore the future in differ ent paths, every sensible, sober minded citi zen desires that they should do so in amity. But a problem not yet solved, and whioh calls for the gravest consideration, ia where the line shall be drawn between the two future Republics, and to which of them New York, and the remainder of Central Stales shall be long. What are Letters of Marque. This is a question, probably, many would be glad to have a definite answer to, just at thia time Letters of marque are extraordinary commissions granted by public authority, to owners of a vessel, authorising suoh vessel to make capture and prize of the persons and ships, and property of tha subjects of another nation which has committed injuries, but neg lects or refuses to give proper redrees therefor. The vessel itself which bears such commission is sometimes called a Letter of Marque. The term marque is derived from the Anglo- Saxon inearc: a bound or boundary. Letters of marque and reprisal, as they are mors fully termed, signify literally, therefore, commis sions authorising the passing of the frontiers or boundary, for the purpose of taking in re turn. In their origin they had reference to spe cific injuries in capturing, detaining, or with holding the property of individuals in time of peace, and issued only to the party injured, or hia agents. Their issue was not regarded as a declaration of war, though formal hostilities might be tha ultimate result. Some consider them “aspeoias of hostility, an imperfeot iwar,” but striotly they are not a breach of tha peace” between nations; though a forcible redress of injury ia contemplated. The force may not inaptly bo likened to a distress for rent, whioh, in a meas ure, is a remedy plaoed in the hands of tha in jured party—the landlord himself. It is necessary to traoe tha modification and egulations to which letters of marque have been subjected from their origin to the present d»j. Reprisals between nation and nation, as one means of obtaining justice, are of a very an cient origin, and have their foundation in the nature of the relations of different powers. Though not of frequent occurrence now, yetaa late as 1834, President Jackson, in hia annual message suggested the propriety of resorting to this method of obtaining satisfaction of their claims against France. Letters of marque and reprisal, however, with referenoe to operations at sea, were not knowu till a much later period, when tho in crease ? n the number of maritime powers, and the advance of commeroe, gave rise to their necessity. In modern practioe, they are sel dom, if ever, issued until the war has been declared, or is in immediate prospeot. Mer chantmen, in time of war, often deem it advi sable to carry larger crews than usual, and more or lees of an armamant, for purposes of defence; and not unfrequently take out letters of marque, with tha view, if opportunity offara, to indemnify themselves for the increased risk and expense of a vojage by taking prises. Privateers, or vessels fitted out at private ex pense, for the express purpose of oruieing against an enemy’s commerce, are commis sioned by letters of marque. The term is now applied in a general sense, to the authority under whioh all lawful private armed ships act. In the United Slates, the power of granting letters of marque and reprisal, is vested by the Constitution, in Congress In the war of 1812, this power was exercised in the Act of June 18, 1812, declaring war, and provision made for the guidance and regulation of parties ap plying for such commission, and of veeeela sail ing under them, by the acts of Jane 27, 1818, and January 22, 1813. These acta ware tem- porary In their design, and are aow obsolete. Special legislation would be required upon any future occasion which called for a renewed ex ercise of this power. It would be a violation of the Neutrality Aot of April 20, 1818, for an American vestal to ba commissioned as a letter of marque in the aer- vice of any foreign power, agaiaat a nation with whom we are at pesos, or, for any vessel to be fitted out and armed in any of our ports for the purpose of oruieing under letters of marque against a friendly power.—Exchange. WILLIAM NACKIE, FRESCO PAINTER AND GRAINER, HAVING located perma nently in Atlanta, wHlde- rote hia whole attention to the above Branches in all their details* Likewise, SIGNS of every deeeription, WIN DOW SHADES, SHOW CARDS, CARVED LETTERS made to order in any stylo, war ranted to equal any City in the Union. Orders from the Country attended to. OFFICE—In Beach k Root’s Building— •tain fob!