About The Southron. (Milledgeville, Ga.) 1828-18?? | View Entire Issue (Feb. 23, 1828)
OOKSMtEfeS. FIRST SESSION. SENATE. Wednesday, February 6. The President communicated a letter from the Governor of the State of Geor gia, covering a report adopted by the Le gislature of that State, on the subject of the Tariff nild Internal Improvements. Mr. Cobh observed, that ns the document was too long to be rend throughout & that the Senate lnight be apprised of its tone, he would request the Secretary to read the four last paragraphs of it, after which he should move that so much of it, as relate to the Tariff be referred to the Commit tee on Commerce, and that so much there of, os relates to Internal Improvements, be referred to the Committee on Internal Improvements, and that it be printed for the use of the Senate. The last part of the report was then read, referred, and or- • dercil to be printed. HOUSE or REPRESENTATIVES. Wednesday, Feb. 0. Mr. M'l.ean, from the Committee on Indian Affairs, made the following Re- poiit : The Committee, on Indian .Affairs, who were instituted, by a resolution of the J/ousc of Representatives, of the 30th ultimo, to make a special report, in re lation to the expediency of making an appropriation for aiding the emigration of the Indians, generally, to places with out the limits of the States and Territo ries, and also upon so much of the report of the Secretary of Treasury, commu nicating the estimates for the service of the year 1828, as relates to the items marked “ submitted," for the service of the Indian Department, report : That they have carefully examined the subjects embraced in said resolution, and so fur as it relates to items marked in the estimates from the Treasury Department “submitted,” amounting to $25,124, the committee are sntitied that the appropria tion ought to lie made, and that it is in dispensably necessary, to enable the De partment tocurry into effect the provisions ot existing treaties, laws, and engage ments, which the United States are bound to the Indians to fulfil. These estimates are for expenditures which have actually been incurred for the Inst year. The committee, herewith, submit u letter front the Secretary of War, and the Clerk in charge of the Indian business, together with certain documents, therein specially referred .to, which give full and satisfacto ry information in regard to all the items. The donunittec have also examined that part of the subject which requires them to inquire into the expediency of making an appropriation for hiding the emigration of the Indians generally, to places without the limits of the States and Terrritories, and they, are satisfied that an appropria tion for this object is not only expedient, but indispensably necessary, especially in tclationto the Creel. tmi.Aa >ri„ ii,.\ ted States are hound, by treaty stipulations, expressly, with the Creek Indians, to aid them in their removal west of the Missis sippi, and to defray, not only all their ex penses in going there, but to make provis ion for them twelve months after tlieir ar rival. The United Statcsnrc also bound, as aforesaid, to render them such assis tance in tlieir agricultural operations ns the President of the United States may think proper. The committee beg leave to refer to document No. 44, being a let ter from the War Department, from the Clerk in cliurgc of the Indian business, showing the state of the fund applicable to this object, and the necessity of further appropriations; and, for that object, the Department asks an appropriation of one hundred thousand dollars; but the com mittee,entertain the opinion that n less auni may', with proper economy, he made to answer the object, and they therefore recommend tliftt an appropriation, for the purposes aforesaid, of fifty thousand dol lars be-made. • The;'committee recommend that an ap propriation of a further sum of $50,000 be made, and placed at tbe discretion of the President, to aid such other Indians as may be disposed to emigrate to the west of the Mississippi; and that the President be authorized and, empowered, out of said last mentioned 'appropriation, to extin guish the title of the Cherokee Indians to any lauds within the limits of the State of Georgia, at any time when he may be able so to do, “upon pcuceahle und reasonable terms.” This the Government of the U. States are hound by compn.-t with the State of- Georgia, to do, and the commit tee are of .opinion tliat the United States arc bomid In good faith to the citizens of Georgia, to hold themselves iu readiness, at all limes, to fulfil said engagement. They, therefore; recommend the aforesaid appropriation as applicable to that object, and to aid the said Cherokee Indians, and such other Indians as may be disposed to emigrate, as aforesaid. The committee beg leave to refer to a report made by them to the House of Representatives, during the present session, No. 07, which is inti mately connected with tiiis subject, and also Uncertain resolutions of the Legisla ture of the State of Georgia, and a report of a committee of that bodv, as contained in document No. 102, which was referred to the committee on Indian Affairs, and which is calculated to explain the necessi ty of this'nppropriation. Tho committee therefore submit the fol lowing resolution : Resolved, That the sum of twenty-five thousnnd one hundred and twenty-four dollars be appropriated for the objects spe cified in the estimates from the Treasury Department marked “submitted ;” and that filty thousand dollars be appropriated for tbe aid of the Creek Indians in their removal west of tbe Mississippi; and the further sum of fifty thousand dollars, to enable the President of the United States !0 extinguish the title of the Cherokee In dians to any lands within the State of Georgia, when it cun be done upon “peace able and reasonable” terms, and to aid said Chcrokecs, and such other Indians ns may be disposed to emigrate west of the Mississippi. -sW»e- The following ure tbe Ciiilto'n resolu tions as they were adopted by tbe House: Resolved, That a Select Committee be appointed, whose duty it shall be to ill' piire and to report to this House, if any, uutl wlmt, retrenchment can be mode, with safety to the public interest, in tbe number of the officers of the Government of the United States, and in tbe amount of snln- rios which they may respectively receive; more especially, to report specifically oil the following bends: Wlmt reduction of expense can be made in tbe Stnte Department, in the number and salaries of the officers mid lerks attached ta this Department, in the expenses regulating the foreign intcr- ourse, and in the printing and distribu tion of tbe public laws of tbe U. States. 2d. Wliut reductions in tbe Treasury Department, mid whether an effective sys tem of accountability, and for the collec tion of the public dims, is there established. 3d. Wlmt reductions of expense can be made in the Navy Department, in the clerks and officers now anting subordin ate.)!' to tbe Secretary of the Navy. 4fh. Wlmt reductions of expense Can be made in the Department of War, in the Indian Department, and in the clerks and officers now acting subordina'ely to the Secretary of War. 5th. What reductions of expense can be made in the number of officers, and tbe amount of compensation which they may receive in the Postmaster General De partment. And that the Committee be further in structed to examine the several contingent fuuds of each of these Departments, und to report tbe amount und objects for which disbursements ltuvc been made from these funds; mid that they report the amounts, vouched and unvonchcd, which lmve been paid from tbe secret service fund, since the first day of July, 1790, or the fund re gulating the contingencies of foreign in tercourse, and of the fund for the expenses of the intercourse with the Bnrbnrv I’ou - cxecution, and the dying VoW* of the si* militia men. Such a partizitu is wuitlh of such a recompense! tbc “ candle’s tail* and cheese parings” of the patronage of government.—Richmond ffacfttiiyr. r tlieir political condition, in relation to the rest of the Union and of the world. And it .must hereafter be u subject of unavail ing reproach to themselves, and of con- Scioqs approbation,'on the part of the tri- buturiesr to know if such lamentable change .should be brought about, that it left the proceedings of the Seoujforuther 'Yt«s donc against the wishes of the inhab it! the back ground. ‘ Whilst"Vlio'OtBciailsj *tnnts of the tributary sections of country; are thronged with the Speeches ,ju. tin? even, rtfter long'endurance, and frequent House of Representatives, the Dahnu. it{'warnings op tlieir pint; hut was forcibly the Semite upon the Cumberlattd Ro'aHWtt,(impelled by a perseverance in unnutliori The debate on Chilton's Resolution Jias and upon the bill for thc-T'-lief- of tlie fur-, cd cxccaa'vt u . impositions on others, by immoral, ill-judged und ill-fated scheme I am very respectfully, Sir, your ob’tserv’t. . . WM. 15. GILES. the Hon. Speaker of the House of Delegates. I: And that they further report whether the compensation of members of Oongrc should be reduced; and whether the fixed salaries of the officers of this House and its contingent expenses, can, with propriety, be diminished.' And further that they inquire whether any modification of the sinking fund act cun be made, with a view of producing a more speedy extinguishment of the public debt." Mr. Hamilton, Mr. Ingham, Mr. Srr- geiuit, Mr. Rives, Mr. Everett, Mr. Wick liffe, and Mr. Wright of New-Y ork, have been appointed the Committee. O 4AN 4? 4' 4 Jp ■ r Augusta, February 18. On friday night last, a man who said bis name was Wagner, and that lie came last from Gwinnett county, Geo. was de tected in passing Counterfeit Money at the Ticket Office of the Theatre. He was arrested, and on being searched, be tween COO und 700 dollars of counterfeit TtlE SOVT1IROW. MILEEDGEViLLE: Saturday Morning, February 23, 1828. .»«V« UJIl/ll UIV Hill mi IIVI v. w.v .-V J , . f . , |i iving officers of the lluro1i^iou r thbse who uloiio munt ultimately led all ceremoniously thrpst usiijp forn seusonof- The injurious •consequences ot their own greater leisure. . The discusfioil on tho lust bill, pnrticulary, lias enlh-flffortli'a great deal of talent. Messrs. Macon jind Tyler opposed it in loqg and eloquent speeches. It was supported by Messrs Berrien, llariisorij Wbodbth' and Vitii llrncii; Till of whose Speeches have been much admired—particufnry tf the last na med gentleman. A Corrcsfondcnt of the N. Y. E. 1’ost describes lis speech as “ one oftlio most able and eloquent” lie had ever heard—and us diclmining for two hours the attention of a large “crowd of ladies and gentlemen, among whom were many members of tho House.”—I b. Thc Tariff—Internal Improvements— Colonization Question. The following is tho Communication of Gov. Giles to the legislature of Virginia (.ac companying the Resolutions of S. Carol und Georgia. Those who chose to so ml the tocsin ofulnrm, in consequence oft|i communications, will lie sadly disnppi ted. AA’hen the Select Committee whom they are referred, shall make tloir report, wc will venture to predict from ifioir discretion and wisdom, that this is notthc first time that evil-omened purliznns lfivc seen a spectre in a bush. Ficcutive Department, Feb 8. 18*^. Sir.; In compliance with the Resolutions of the respective Legislatures ofS. Caroli na and Georgia, I now do myself the hin- or oflaying betide the General Assembly the proceedings of the Legislatures of these States, upon the subject oftlio Tariff, In tcrunl Improvements, and the American Colonization Society Whilst I syicercly lament the unwise, unjust, and ill-fated measures, which Imre given rise to these proceedings, I fully concur in the principles and doctrines therein asserted, and demonstrated; as well us in tlieir anticipation of the fatal consequences to the union of these Slide in the event of a perseverance in tlu- de precated measures on the part of the Gen eral Government. Relieving that a lauda ble spirit of enquiry is just awakened by the pressure of intolerable burthens, espe cially upon tile great staple productions of Agriculture, & above all upon the produc tion of wheat; &, that the time is now ar rived, when every American citizen ought to be informed of the true character and destructive operations of those unautho rized measures, us well ns in regard tothoir unjust mid oppressive sectional bearings, ns on the great principle of American liberty, ontained in document No. 102, which was referred to the committee of Indian -Vfluirs, and which is calculated to cxpluin tho necessity of tiiis appropriation.”— No. (>7 is the report upon winch wc made our comments iu our lust, which was our first number. The thrice repented answers of the Chcrokecs, “we will not sell ;” the form ation of a constitution by them, with the avowed purpose of eternal .residence in this State as an independent nation ; the solemn and lust appeal of the legislature of this State; explain the necessity” of mi appropriation which will put the 1‘residont in readiness to purchase “ou peaceable terms ;” in other words, whenever tlieir high mightinesses the Clierokecs are anx ious to sell on reasonable terms, the Unit ed States will very faithfully comply with its obligations to this Stnte contracted twenty-six years ago. Until the Chcro- kees ure in tbe vein, the United States in tend to adhere to the letter of the compact according to Mr. Monroe’s construction of jt, considering the Indians as parties who are to be first consulted, and whose will is to control the will of the General Govern ment and of the State Government, It is earnestly to be hoped that our members in Congress will resist, successfully resist, the adoption of this idle proposition. It were better that nothing should be iloiu than that the actings of Congress should be confined to sugli n pitiful expedient. If our fellow-citizens will reflect, they will find that the President bus ample the measftrcslt is known will not effect the object being promptly taken, those that will carefully avoided. That Con gress will confirm the report of the Com mittee is to be apprehended, I1K one of our members is of tbe Coinnuttoc, and bv presenting tbe report No. 07, indicated with sulfiuicnt clearness his approbation of tlie whole scheme. Unhappily irv Congress ours arc now divided counsels ; but on the stern integrity of Floyd, tho ardent zeal of Gilmer, the consistent firm ness of Thompson, tbe gentlemanly ur- haniiy of llnynes, mid the elaborated and cnlightoned argumentation of Wilde, \yo can rely confidently for n faithful exposi tion and mtuily assertion of our rights.— They will not, either of them, consider the advice equivocal “fais ce. que til dois, arrive ee qui pourra," nor disregard it, although copied from the soul of a Catho lic abbess, tlie heroine of nil Irish ro mance. AVc shall n atch with the fidelity of sentinels at midnight, tlie further pro ceedings of Congress on this report, nnd warn our fellow-citizens of every hostile movement—apprise them of every friend ly demonstration. We had hoped that as the friends of Gen. Jackson have a decided majority' in both houses of Congress, the late extraor dinary movement of the Chcrokecs would have induced thorn to net upon the sound, views entertained by lluit illustrious mini, and disclosed with bis usual frankness in n letter to the Secretary of War, dated , July 18, 1821, “that the absurdity in pol- ■ power to purchase “ on peaceable and rea- j itics may cease of an independent save- TIIE BANK OF DARIEN. W mi regard to the dissent of the Go vernor to the resolution in relation to the Hank of Darien, the Executive exercised onstitutional privilege, which ill tiiis instance, wc firmly believe, was done with a view to the public good. About this bank our mimls have been made up for more than three years. It would have been a good, policy three years ago to have taken tho charter from tho bank, or to have removed the principal office from Darien to Augusta or Milleilgeville. All moneyed institutions depend for their prosperity on a well established credit. Experience shows that individuals, or pub lic institutions, have seldom been able to place tlieir credit, after being once lost, on the same footing it was before. T! Darien Bunk will never he able to retrieve its credit. It may close its concerns with out loss to the stockholders ; but before it can effect this desirable object, much time will he rrqifired ; nnd it is not while the principal office remains in Darien, that the expectation of a speedy redemption of its notes can lie realised. sonahlc terms’ without, ns well ns with tl appropriation ;—that the United States will not he in greater readiness to fulfil their engagement after the appropriation is made, thing they now are. liy a stand ing law of the United States, whenever the Indians with to treat with the General Government, the President may pay the expenses of a deputation from them to treat at Washington. These expenses are paid out of a contingent fund of the De partment of AVar, given every year for Indian expenditures, varying from $50,000 reign nation holding treaties with people- living within its territorial limits, acknow ledging its sovereignty and laws, and'who, although not citizens cannot be viewed as aliens hut as the real subjects of the l ra ted States.” AVliy is it that our {fiends, uiid the friends of the General do not act upon his principles ill Congress, Thank Heaven there is a fair prospect of our having at the head of the General Government, a man who understands the rights of the States and the obligations of.' the Federal Government, and who itniiey to $100,000. If the ( herokees wish to | to that knowledge the courage to do hi in the legislature for the passage of the resolution, notwithstanding the dissent of the Governor, that the Darien notes in the Treasury, if they hail been notes of spe cie paying hanks, or even specie, no in terest would have accrued to the .State from them, and that they would have re mained in the Treasury, because the stun in Darien notes was not wnntcd. Wc .ia„. n„, .rasKHi ,.ot bo a satis faction to the people, to know that they secured to the people in Written,constite- j have in the Treasury nearly $500,000 of tions. I take pleasure in submitting those good money, ready to meet any contin- vitally interesting subjects to the General j goncy or emergency 7 AVhat satisfaction Assembly; mid l most respectfully ask far their most profound consideration. Feeling the highest gratification from the conviction that the General Assembly, under every emergency j r will ever be. foil wl Bills of the Banks of this State, South! equal to the highest destinies which ninv nnd North Carolina, were found concealed j devolve upon it, through the solemn reun- in lus shoes, stockings nnd other pluces. sitions nnd injunctions of our fundamin- Besides the bills, he lmd spurious ten cent tnl laws; and particularv so, when plafcd pieces. Ho was committed to jail, where I by them as sentinels, to guard tho traits he robbed tlie law of its penul operation and liberties of tbe Virginia, people, nndof by banging himself with bis handkerchief] the corporate rights of tho State of Virgin during the same night. ia, I shall refrain from recommending fo die It was owing to the vigilance and hige- Virginia Assembly at this tinic, the aikip- nuity of Mr. Dimnore, that tiiis fellow was I tion of any specific measure, which I may detected. He was induced to be watchful | think imperiously called for to meet 1 aim from attempts the preceding night to im- subdue the alarming crisis. Besides, !atn pose spurious bills upon him. Three five dollar bills were offered, but from the sent tiny they underwent by tho keeper of the ticket office, suspicious fears were excited conscious, that the great body of tlie'-pied pie ofVirginia have a just and full confi dence on their General Aeiembly, and ex pect every member to do his duty in thif in those who offered them, mul they dc-1 worst of times. This conviction furnish- campcd, leaving the bills in the office. No doubt exists but that there arc several such characters in the city, and the public are cautioned to he on tlieir guard a their imposition,, and requested lobe vigi lant in assisting to detect them. Since writing the above, we ure inform ed another ingenious gentleman who calls himself Young, and says he is from North Carolina, has been iu tlie hands of the Civil officers for commitment. Courier. -*»•"- es an additional motive with me, for rely ing with confidence upon such measures, as the General Assembly, in its exclusive gainst I judgment, may think proper to adopt up on the momentous occasion. I cannot a void observing, however, that it must be a subject of the highest gratification to eve ry citizen within the sections of country now laboring under the unauthorised ex pressions of the General Government 'o know that the Local Authorities over them lmve competent constitutional means in the ir own hands for the purpose of doiig The statements thrown out some time I themselves justice, if most unfortunately ago in the Philadelphia prints, ure confirm- they should be forcibly driven to that .pe ed by official documents. Mr. KremcrV-precated resort. In fact, in tbe worst resolution has extorted the astonishing fact, state of things, that the oppressed sections that Mr. Rush has stooped from his high of country, afford abundant means to the estate to request the Collector of Philadel phia to take away the supplies of station ary from the widow Bailey, the near rela tion of a revolutionary Whig, and give the profitable job to Mr. Binns, the utterer, if not the author; of flic Harris forgery.— Mr. Binns attempts to justify -the act by sophistically comparing it with Mr. Jeffer son’s “ removing Mr. Latimer, and ap pointing Gen. Muhlenberg Collector of the Port ot Philadelphia;” and Gen. M’s giving the Custom-House printingto Capt. Geyer, a soldier of the revolution! Show Local Authorities, to secure to themselves, in their intercourse with the world, all the salutary independence of nations, to pro tect themselves, without tie least hazard against physical force Iron, every <|uartej\ AVliilst through tbe same means, their wealth and prosperity might* be augmen ted to nil amount beyond any estimate which-has yet been made in tbe contem plation of that view of the subject. 1 hope too, I may be indulged, for re marking further, that it has always been mutter of surprise to me, that even tin us a case, where Mr. Jefferson, or his Sec- enamoured votaries of these immoral, retary of tlie Treasury, stooped to curve out little miserable jobs for a loyal politi cal piirtiznn—and we shall then admit the analogy between the cases.—This is the same Mr. Binns, whom tlie Secretary of AA r ar also so far favored as|to withdraw certain commissary advertisements from the Aurora, in ordgrto give them to him. This is the same Mr. Binns, who'has so far earned his wages, as to palm tho forged letter of Harris as a genuine voucher— and who has hut the other day trumped up some more last words on the same sub ject—pretending restate the horrors of the unjust delusive schemes should lie so blind ed by their own interests and pifsSions, ns to drive tlie contributors inhabiting the tributary sections of country inttrlhe con templation of these powerful allureilftVts, which every impartial, intelligent citizen’, be his habitation where it may, must know, will necessarily attend a change, in tli-iir political relations with the world ; whist the inhabitants of tbe sections of country receiving the unhallowed tribute, us lieiig composed of the property of others, mist know, that they have every tiling to loir, and nothing to hope, from any change in is it to tbe people, to Jvnow that this sum of $500,000 cannot be considered ns disposable fund, and may be ultimately nil entire loss to them 7 Is 'it nothing to’ the people to know that they lmve n full trea sury, which, in cases of necessity, may preclude the resort to additional taxation 7 The idea that this large sum may becom a dead loss to them, must keep the people in dread of tin additional tax being laid next year for the support of the govern ment, and for the improvement of the .State. AVc have attentively examined the situation of that hank: for some years past we have been urgent in recommend ing a winding up of-its concerns ; conse quently, wc were sorry for the passage of the resolution, notwithstanding thedissen of the Governor: vve shull he more sorry sltould the people have to lament the day when the legislature did not follow the wholesome advice of Governor Forsyth, and the sound policy he recommended the legislature to adopt in regard to this bank. The batik may pay on the first of July next, $75,000’; but if it pays $75,000 more on the {list of December, we shall be greatly and agreeably disappointed, and much more so if able to pav next year $150,000 more. As it is the interest of the government of this State to keep a sharp look out and a tight hand on the hanks of Georgia, wc shall now and then devote some space of our paper to those institutions. —=»*«5»-®e=— CHEROKEE INDIANS—PROCEED INGS IN CONGRESS, Our conjecture was accurate; a second report from the Indian Committee of the House of Representatives in Congrei recommends “an appropriation of$50,000 to be put at the discretion of the President of the United States, re aid such other Indians as mnv be disposed to emigrate to tlie west of the Mississippi ; and that the President be authorised and empower ed, out of said last mentioned appropria tion, to extinguish the title of the Chero kee Indians to any lands within the limits of Georgia, at any time he may he able so to do, ‘upon peaceable and reasonable teims.’ ” The cot ittec iu defence of tlieir recommendation, state further, “this the Government of the United State bound, by compact to tlie State of Geor- igi«, to do, und the Committee are of opin- ion that tlie United States tire bound in good faith to the citizens of Georgia, t< bold themselves in readiness, at all times to fulfil said engagement.” “The Com mitteebog leave to refer to u report niaili by them to the House of Representatives, during the present session, No. <i7, winch is intimately connected with the subject, nnd also to certain resolutions of the le gislature of the State of Georgia, and a report of n committee of that body, as sell “on peaceable and reasonable terms,” here is the mode of effecting -that object. If tbe President believes that they may he persuaded to sell “on peaceable and rea sonable terms," he can out of the same contingent fund send his messenger, am bassador, or whatever he nitty choose to call him, his Commissioner, to persuude them to allow the General Government to perform its solemn duties—such tilings oc cur every day. The expenses of the late brilliant negotiation, so ably conducted by Col. Me Kenney, for the strip of land be lt was argued | youd Bright’s Una, which did not cost * ’*’ much more than double its fee simple val ue, was paid for out of that fund,—no pecial appropriation was made by the last Congress for that purpose—none was necessary. The President lms had, has, and will have, the means of holding a treaty for a purchase whenever the Cher- okecs are ready. The appropriation of this $50,000 is therefore entirely- useless, so far as it is intended to put the United States in readiness “to fulfil said engage ment.” AYhy is it mudc7 AA ill it operate to produce a disposition in the Clierukees to sell! A similar appropriation was made at the session of Congress of 1821—22, of $30,000. AA r o all know the result.— The Clierokecs told Messrs. pbcll and Merriwether, in u letter of the 20tli of October, 1823, “It is the fixed and un alterable determination of this nation, ne ver again to cede one foot more of land.” This resolution was repeated to the Pres ident, January 19, 1824, and an applica tion made to him to ask Congress to make an adjustment with Georgia, so that the United States should he released from tlieir compact to extinguish the Cherokee title to lands within the chartered limits of this State. In the correspondence their held with Mr. Calhoun hy the Chcrokecs, they uvuilvd themselves of the opportunity to prove that they Were sensible of the ad vantages to he derived from sticking to the letter of the compact. In tlieir reply ot the Ilth of February, 1824, to a letter of the Secretary of AVar, after acknow ledging that they were acquainted with the compact of 1802, which bound the U. States to extinguish tlieir title ns soon ns it 1 can he done peaceably and on reasona ble conditions, they say they are “also sensible that this compact is no more than a conditional one, and without the free and voluntary consent of the Cherokee nation, can never he complied with hy the United States.” They then repeat that “the (.’herokees have come to v. decisive and unalterable conclusion never to cede away any more lands.” This correspon dence und its incidents gave rise to the angry controversy between tlie delega tion ot this State in Congress, nnd Mr. Monroe’s administration, was communi cated to both branches of the national le gislature with a laboured report of Mr. Secretary Calhoun, which was examined and severely handled by a committee of Congress, of which oar present Governor vins the chairman, whose report presents the true state ol the Cherokee question— the incident of the new constitution alone excepted. AVhen Mr. Adams became President, under the hope that lie entertained sound er views on the subject of Indian affairs than his predecessor, ail •attempt was made to induce him to make the necessa ry cllorts to fulfil the compact of 1802. A cold letter was addressed hy the new administration to the Cherokee chiefs .to know if they were willing to el-ile, and the answer was a repetition of tlieir de termination neither to cede nor to move. AVith all those facts within tlieir know ledge, with the Cherokee constitution be fore them, what cun the Committee of Indian Affairs expect hut the waste of the money appropriated on so eunvi-; at Washington 2 Tl public, at :l- public of Georgia, etmt ot he ike, ,r.l la. the paltry and ordinary, urt-lioe of ing -a great wish to perform a contract, duty to both. But will Georgia depend on the contingency of « presidential elec tion for the redress of her grievances in regard to the compact of 1803 with the United States? AVe hope not. AVhocver lias reflected upon the rcsour-, cos mid means of Georgia to improve her condition, and to acquire population and wealth—proportionate to the extent of her territory—must have arrived at the con clusion, tliftt those very resources, which Georgia possesses to a great degree,, have remained paralyzed by the privation of the full enjoyment of the whole extent of her territory. Not only in internal im provement has Georgia been backward, but even in .the rcvisal and correction of her constitution of government, and in the. formation of her general and local laws, lms Georgia met with impediments, ow ing, in a great measure, to a prevailing opinion, that no attempt ought to be made to remodel the division of tho Stuto into comities, change tlie mode of represen tntion, amend the judiciary system, which is greatly defective, or to alter the cou- stintion in any manner whatever,-—until site had obtained all the lands within her constitutional and acknowledged limits.— If, then, to the privation of the lands yet in the occupation of the Indians, must be ascribed the backwardness of Georgia in internal improvements, measures ought to be adopted by which those lands could be immediately obtained. Tlie sooner it is done tlie better will it be for the State ; besides, the time lias arrived when it is to be ascertained whether the General Gov ernment will fulfil its engagements to Georgia, or whether she will exercise her constitutional powers, and her territorial rights. The best interests of tlie State— its future prosperity particularly—requires active measures to be speedily adopted nnd earned into effect. As tbe General Gov ernment is not w illingly disposed, and will be dilatory in its arrangements to treat with tlie Cherokee Indians, what can Georgia do, especially when it is known that tlieir consent to remove west of the Mississippi, will be obtained but by coer cion? AVe say that Georgia will have to resort to the powers she possesses as a so vereign State, exercise her right to the land, and, consequently, manage herself her concerns with the Clierokecs, unless she prefers to let them remain where they now are, anil continue to be the only ob stacles in licr way to n steady and efficient advance to wealth and population. The fact is, the Government of the U. States has nothing to do with the territorial rights of the States, whether Indians reside or not within their limits. That government, therefore, sltould not have the power, which it has assumed, to interfere between Geor gia and the Chcrokecs, only so fur as to provide the money the Indians may re quire in order to emigrate to lands, with out the boundary of any of the States, grunted to them by the United States. AVe repeat again, by the compact of 1802, Georgia and the United States hound themselves to perform certain conditions. The State of Georgia has complied in* good faith with the obligations of that compact; tlie United States have not.— AVhen shall they comply 7 The course Georgia has to pursue is plain ; it requires nothing but energy to bring to a final ami successful issue, the controversy existing between this State oil the oiic part, and tlie General Government with tbe Indians on tlie other. — ACTS OF THE LAST SESSION— THE LEGISLATURE. AVe publish to-day a Synopsis of the most important laws enacted at the last session of the legislature. It w ill, wc be hove, lie acceptable to the public el Giopv ■riii. The compilation occasioned us some. ■ rouble, as we hud to peruse all the acts n!' tl e I a-t .-e> sion, wLi<L the S< eretury of : late very k,uilly poiiiiittcd u» to do ut
