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OOKSMtEfeS.
FIRST SESSION.
SENATE.
Wednesday, February 6.
The President communicated a letter
from the Governor of the State of Geor
gia, covering a report adopted by the Le
gislature of that State, on the subject of
the Tariff nild Internal Improvements.
Mr. Cobh observed, that ns the document
was too long to be rend throughout & that
the Senate lnight be apprised of its tone,
he would request the Secretary to read the
four last paragraphs of it, after which he
should move that so much of it, as relate
to the Tariff be referred to the Commit
tee on Commerce, and that so much there
of, os relates to Internal Improvements,
be referred to the Committee on Internal
Improvements, and that it be printed for
the use of the Senate. The last part of
the report was then read, referred, and or-
• dercil to be printed.
HOUSE or REPRESENTATIVES.
Wednesday, Feb. 0.
Mr. M'l.ean, from the Committee on
Indian Affairs, made the following Re-
poiit :
The Committee, on Indian .Affairs, who
were instituted, by a resolution of the
J/ousc of Representatives, of the 30th
ultimo, to make a special report, in re
lation to the expediency of making an
appropriation for aiding the emigration
of the Indians, generally, to places with
out the limits of the States and Territo
ries, and also upon so much of the report
of the Secretary of Treasury, commu
nicating the estimates for the service of
the year 1828, as relates to the items
marked “ submitted," for the service of
the Indian Department, report :
That they have carefully examined the
subjects embraced in said resolution, and
so fur as it relates to items marked in the
estimates from the Treasury Department
“submitted,” amounting to $25,124, the
committee are sntitied that the appropria
tion ought to lie made, and that it is in
dispensably necessary, to enable the De
partment tocurry into effect the provisions
ot existing treaties, laws, and engage
ments, which the United States are bound
to the Indians to fulfil. These estimates
are for expenditures which have actually
been incurred for the Inst year. The
committee, herewith, submit u letter front
the Secretary of War, and the Clerk in
charge of the Indian business, together
with certain documents, therein specially
referred .to, which give full and satisfacto
ry information in regard to all the items.
The donunittec have also examined that
part of the subject which requires them to
inquire into the expediency of making an
appropriation for hiding the emigration of
the Indians generally, to places without
the limits of the States and Terrritories,
and they, are satisfied that an appropria
tion for this object is not only expedient,
but indispensably necessary, especially in
tclationto the Creel. tmi.Aa >ri„ ii,.\
ted States are hound, by treaty stipulations,
expressly, with the Creek Indians, to aid
them in their removal west of the Missis
sippi, and to defray, not only all their ex
penses in going there, but to make provis
ion for them twelve months after tlieir ar
rival. The United Statcsnrc also bound,
as aforesaid, to render them such assis
tance in tlieir agricultural operations ns
the President of the United States may
think proper. The committee beg leave
to refer to document No. 44, being a let
ter from the War Department, from the
Clerk in cliurgc of the Indian business,
showing the state of the fund applicable to
this object, and the necessity of further
appropriations; and, for that object, the
Department asks an appropriation of one
hundred thousand dollars; but the com
mittee,entertain the opinion that n less
auni may', with proper economy, he made
to answer the object, and they therefore
recommend tliftt an appropriation, for the
purposes aforesaid, of fifty thousand dol
lars be-made.
• The;'committee recommend that an ap
propriation of a further sum of $50,000
be made, and placed at tbe discretion of
the President, to aid such other Indians as
may be disposed to emigrate to the west of
the Mississippi; and that the President be
authorized and, empowered, out of said
last mentioned 'appropriation, to extin
guish the title of the Cherokee Indians to
any lauds within the limits of the State of
Georgia, at any time when he may be able
so to do, “upon pcuceahle und reasonable
terms.” This the Government of the U.
States are hound by compn.-t with the
State of- Georgia, to do, and the commit
tee are of .opinion tliat the United States
arc bomid In good faith to the citizens of
Georgia, to hold themselves iu readiness,
at all limes, to fulfil said engagement.
They, therefore; recommend the aforesaid
appropriation as applicable to that object,
and to aid the said Cherokee Indians, and
such other Indians as may be disposed to
emigrate, as aforesaid. The committee
beg leave to refer to a report made by them
to the House of Representatives, during
the present session, No. 07, which is inti
mately connected with tiiis subject, and
also Uncertain resolutions of the Legisla
ture of the State of Georgia, and a report
of a committee of that bodv, as contained
in document No. 102, which was referred
to the committee on Indian Affairs, and
which is calculated to explain the necessi
ty of this'nppropriation.
Tho committee therefore submit the fol
lowing resolution :
Resolved, That the sum of twenty-five
thousnnd one hundred and twenty-four
dollars be appropriated for the objects spe
cified in the estimates from the Treasury
Department marked “submitted ;” and
that filty thousand dollars be appropriated
for tbe aid of the Creek Indians in their
removal west of tbe Mississippi; and the
further sum of fifty thousand dollars, to
enable the President of the United States
!0 extinguish the title of the Cherokee In
dians to any lands within the State of
Georgia, when it cun be done upon “peace
able and reasonable” terms, and to aid
said Chcrokecs, and such other Indians ns
may be disposed to emigrate west of the
Mississippi.
-sW»e-
The following ure tbe Ciiilto'n resolu
tions as they were adopted by tbe House:
Resolved, That a Select Committee be
appointed, whose duty it shall be to ill'
piire and to report to this House, if any,
uutl wlmt, retrenchment can be mode, with
safety to the public interest, in tbe number
of the officers of the Government of the
United States, and in tbe amount of snln-
rios which they may respectively receive;
more especially, to report specifically oil
the following bends:
Wlmt reduction of expense can be
made in tbe Stnte Department, in the
number and salaries of the officers mid
lerks attached ta this Department, in the
expenses regulating the foreign intcr-
ourse, and in the printing and distribu
tion of tbe public laws of tbe U. States.
2d. Wliut reductions in tbe Treasury
Department, mid whether an effective sys
tem of accountability, and for the collec
tion of the public dims, is there established.
3d. Wlmt reductions of expense can be
made in the Navy Department, in the
clerks and officers now anting subordin
ate.)!' to tbe Secretary of the Navy.
4fh. Wlmt reductions of expense Can be
made in the Department of War, in the
Indian Department, and in the clerks and
officers now acting subordina'ely to the
Secretary of War.
5th. What reductions of expense can be
made in the number of officers, and tbe
amount of compensation which they may
receive in the Postmaster General De
partment.
And that the Committee be further in
structed to examine the several contingent
fuuds of each of these Departments, und
to report tbe amount und objects for which
disbursements ltuvc been made from these
funds; mid that they report the amounts,
vouched and unvonchcd, which lmve been
paid from tbe secret service fund, since
the first day of July, 1790, or the fund re
gulating the contingencies of foreign in
tercourse, and of the fund for the expenses
of the intercourse with the Bnrbnrv I’ou -
cxecution, and the dying VoW* of the si*
militia men. Such a partizitu is wuitlh of
such a recompense! tbc “ candle’s tail*
and cheese parings” of the patronage of
government.—Richmond ffacfttiiyr. r
tlieir political condition, in relation to the
rest of the Union and of the world. And
it .must hereafter be u subject of unavail
ing reproach to themselves, and of con-
Scioqs approbation,'on the part of the tri-
buturiesr to know if such lamentable
change .should be brought about, that it
left the proceedings of the Seoujforuther 'Yt«s donc against the wishes of the inhab
it! the back ground. ‘ Whilst"Vlio'OtBciailsj *tnnts of the tributary sections of country;
are thronged with the Speeches ,ju. tin? even, rtfter long'endurance, and frequent
House of Representatives, the Dahnu. it{'warnings op tlieir pint; hut was forcibly
the Semite upon the Cumberlattd Ro'aHWtt,(impelled by a perseverance in unnutliori
The debate on Chilton's Resolution Jias
and upon the bill for thc-T'-lief- of tlie fur-,
cd cxccaa'vt u . impositions on others, by
immoral, ill-judged und ill-fated scheme
I am very respectfully, Sir,
your ob’tserv’t.
. . WM. 15. GILES.
the Hon. Speaker of the House of
Delegates.
I:
And that they further report whether
the compensation of members of Oongrc
should be reduced; and whether the fixed
salaries of the officers of this House and its
contingent expenses, can, with propriety,
be diminished.'
And further that they inquire whether
any modification of the sinking fund act
cun be made, with a view of producing a
more speedy extinguishment of the public
debt."
Mr. Hamilton, Mr. Ingham, Mr. Srr-
geiuit, Mr. Rives, Mr. Everett, Mr. Wick
liffe, and Mr. Wright of New-Y ork, have
been appointed the Committee.
O 4AN 4? 4' 4 Jp ■ r
Augusta, February 18.
On friday night last, a man who said
bis name was Wagner, and that lie came
last from Gwinnett county, Geo. was de
tected in passing Counterfeit Money at
the Ticket Office of the Theatre. He
was arrested, and on being searched, be
tween COO und 700 dollars of counterfeit
TtlE SOVT1IROW.
MILEEDGEViLLE:
Saturday Morning, February 23, 1828.
.»«V« UJIl/ll UIV Hill mi IIVI v. w.v .-V J , . f . , |i
iving officers of the lluro1i^iou r thbse who uloiio munt ultimately led all
ceremoniously thrpst usiijp forn seusonof- The injurious •consequences ot their own
greater leisure. . The discusfioil on tho
lust bill, pnrticulary, lias enlh-flffortli'a
great deal of talent. Messrs. Macon jind
Tyler opposed it in loqg and eloquent
speeches. It was supported by Messrs
Berrien, llariisorij Wbodbth' and Vitii
llrncii; Till of whose Speeches have been
much admired—particufnry tf the last na
med gentleman. A Corrcsfondcnt of the
N. Y. E. 1’ost describes lis speech as
“ one oftlio most able and eloquent” lie
had ever heard—and us diclmining for
two hours the attention of a large “crowd
of ladies and gentlemen, among whom
were many members of tho House.”—I b.
Thc Tariff—Internal Improvements—
Colonization Question.
The following is tho Communication of
Gov. Giles to the legislature of Virginia (.ac
companying the Resolutions of S. Carol
und Georgia. Those who chose to so ml
the tocsin ofulnrm, in consequence oft|i
communications, will lie sadly disnppi
ted. AA’hen the Select Committee
whom they are referred, shall make tloir
report, wc will venture to predict from ifioir
discretion and wisdom, that this is notthc
first time that evil-omened purliznns lfivc
seen a spectre in a bush.
Ficcutive Department, Feb 8. 18*^.
Sir.; In compliance with the Resolutions
of the respective Legislatures ofS. Caroli
na and Georgia, I now do myself the hin-
or oflaying betide the General Assembly
the proceedings of the Legislatures of these
States, upon the subject oftlio Tariff, In
tcrunl Improvements, and the American
Colonization Society
Whilst I syicercly lament the unwise,
unjust, and ill-fated measures, which Imre
given rise to these proceedings, I fully
concur in the principles and doctrines
therein asserted, and demonstrated; as
well us in tlieir anticipation of the fatal
consequences to the union of these Slide
in the event of a perseverance in tlu- de
precated measures on the part of the Gen
eral Government. Relieving that a lauda
ble spirit of enquiry is just awakened by
the pressure of intolerable burthens, espe
cially upon tile great staple productions of
Agriculture, & above all upon the produc
tion of wheat; &, that the time is now ar
rived, when every American citizen ought
to be informed of the true character and
destructive operations of those unautho
rized measures, us well ns in regard tothoir
unjust mid oppressive sectional bearings, ns
on the great principle of American liberty,
ontained in document No. 102, which
was referred to the committee of Indian
-Vfluirs, and which is calculated to cxpluin
tho necessity of tiiis appropriation.”—
No. (>7 is the report upon winch wc made
our comments iu our lust, which was our
first number.
The thrice repented answers of the
Chcrokecs, “we will not sell ;” the form
ation of a constitution by them, with the
avowed purpose of eternal .residence in
this State as an independent nation ; the
solemn and lust appeal of the legislature
of this State; explain the necessity” of mi
appropriation which will put the 1‘residont
in readiness to purchase “ou peaceable
terms ;” in other words, whenever tlieir
high mightinesses the Clierokecs are anx
ious to sell on reasonable terms, the Unit
ed States will very faithfully comply with
its obligations to this Stnte contracted
twenty-six years ago. Until the Chcro-
kees ure in tbe vein, the United States in
tend to adhere to the letter of the compact
according to Mr. Monroe’s construction of
jt, considering the Indians as parties who
are to be first consulted, and whose will is
to control the will of the General Govern
ment and of the State Government, It is
earnestly to be hoped that our members in
Congress will resist, successfully resist,
the adoption of this idle proposition. It
were better that nothing should be iloiu
than that the actings of Congress should
be confined to sugli n pitiful expedient.
If our fellow-citizens will reflect, they
will find that the President bus ample
the measftrcslt is known will not effect
the object being promptly taken, those
that will carefully avoided. That Con
gress will confirm the report of the Com
mittee is to be apprehended, I1K one of our
members is of tbe Coinnuttoc, and bv
presenting tbe report No. 07, indicated
with sulfiuicnt clearness his approbation
of tlie whole scheme. Unhappily irv
Congress ours arc now divided counsels ;
but on the stern integrity of Floyd, tho
ardent zeal of Gilmer, the consistent firm
ness of Thompson, tbe gentlemanly ur-
haniiy of llnynes, mid the elaborated and
cnlightoned argumentation of Wilde, \yo
can rely confidently for n faithful exposi
tion and mtuily assertion of our rights.—
They will not, either of them, consider
the advice equivocal “fais ce. que til dois,
arrive ee qui pourra," nor disregard it,
although copied from the soul of a Catho
lic abbess, tlie heroine of nil Irish ro
mance. AVc shall n atch with the fidelity
of sentinels at midnight, tlie further pro
ceedings of Congress on this report, nnd
warn our fellow-citizens of every hostile
movement—apprise them of every friend
ly demonstration.
We had hoped that as the friends of
Gen. Jackson have a decided majority' in
both houses of Congress, the late extraor
dinary movement of the Chcrokecs would
have induced thorn to net upon the sound,
views entertained by lluit illustrious mini,
and disclosed with bis usual frankness in
n letter to the Secretary of War, dated
, July 18, 1821, “that the absurdity in pol- ■
power to purchase “ on peaceable and rea- j itics may cease of an independent save-
TIIE BANK OF DARIEN.
W mi regard to the dissent of the Go
vernor to the resolution in relation to the
Hank of Darien, the Executive exercised
onstitutional privilege, which ill tiiis
instance, wc firmly believe, was done with
a view to the public good. About this
bank our mimls have been made up for
more than three years. It would have
been a good, policy three years ago to
have taken tho charter from tho bank, or
to have removed the principal office from
Darien to Augusta or Milleilgeville. All
moneyed institutions depend for their
prosperity on a well established credit.
Experience shows that individuals, or pub
lic institutions, have seldom been able to
place tlieir credit, after being once lost,
on the same footing it was before. T!
Darien Bunk will never he able to retrieve
its credit. It may close its concerns with
out loss to the stockholders ; but before it
can effect this desirable object, much time
will he rrqifired ; nnd it is not while the
principal office remains in Darien, that
the expectation of a speedy redemption of
its notes can lie realised.
sonahlc terms’ without, ns well ns with tl
appropriation ;—that the United States
will not he in greater readiness to fulfil
their engagement after the appropriation
is made, thing they now are. liy a stand
ing law of the United States, whenever
the Indians with to treat with the General
Government, the President may pay the
expenses of a deputation from them to
treat at Washington. These expenses are
paid out of a contingent fund of the De
partment of AVar, given every year for
Indian expenditures, varying from $50,000
reign nation holding treaties with people-
living within its territorial limits, acknow
ledging its sovereignty and laws, and'who,
although not citizens cannot be viewed as
aliens hut as the real subjects of the l ra
ted States.” AVliy is it that our {fiends,
uiid the friends of the General do not act
upon his principles ill Congress,
Thank Heaven there is a fair prospect
of our having at the head of the General
Government, a man who understands the
rights of the States and the obligations of.'
the Federal Government, and who itniiey
to $100,000. If the ( herokees wish to | to that knowledge the courage to do hi
in the legislature for the passage of the
resolution, notwithstanding the dissent of
the Governor, that the Darien notes in the
Treasury, if they hail been notes of spe
cie paying hanks, or even specie, no in
terest would have accrued to the .State
from them, and that they would have re
mained in the Treasury, because the stun
in Darien notes was not wnntcd. Wc
.ia„. n„, .rasKHi ,.ot bo a satis
faction to the people, to know that they
secured to the people in Written,constite- j have in the Treasury nearly $500,000 of
tions. I take pleasure in submitting those good money, ready to meet any contin-
vitally interesting subjects to the General j goncy or emergency 7 AVhat satisfaction
Assembly; mid l most respectfully ask far
their most profound consideration.
Feeling the highest gratification from
the conviction that the General Assembly,
under every emergency j r will ever be. foil wl
Bills of the Banks of this State, South! equal to the highest destinies which ninv
nnd North Carolina, were found concealed j devolve upon it, through the solemn reun-
in lus shoes, stockings nnd other pluces. sitions nnd injunctions of our fundamin-
Besides the bills, he lmd spurious ten cent tnl laws; and particularv so, when plafcd
pieces. Ho was committed to jail, where I by them as sentinels, to guard tho traits
he robbed tlie law of its penul operation and liberties of tbe Virginia, people, nndof
by banging himself with bis handkerchief] the corporate rights of tho State of Virgin
during the same night. ia, I shall refrain from recommending fo die
It was owing to the vigilance and hige- Virginia Assembly at this tinic, the aikip-
nuity of Mr. Dimnore, that tiiis fellow was I tion of any specific measure, which I may
detected. He was induced to be watchful | think imperiously called for to meet 1 aim
from attempts the preceding night to im- subdue the alarming crisis. Besides, !atn
pose spurious bills upon him. Three five
dollar bills were offered, but from the sent
tiny they underwent by tho keeper of the
ticket office, suspicious fears were excited
conscious, that the great body of tlie'-pied
pie ofVirginia have a just and full confi
dence on their General Aeiembly, and ex
pect every member to do his duty in thif
in those who offered them, mul they dc-1 worst of times. This conviction furnish-
campcd, leaving the bills in the office.
No doubt exists but that there arc several
such characters in the city, and the public
are cautioned to he on tlieir guard a
their imposition,, and requested lobe vigi
lant in assisting to detect them.
Since writing the above, we ure inform
ed another ingenious gentleman who calls
himself Young, and says he is from North
Carolina, has been iu tlie hands of the
Civil officers for commitment.
Courier.
-*»•"-
es an additional motive with me, for rely
ing with confidence upon such measures,
as the General Assembly, in its exclusive
gainst I judgment, may think proper to adopt up
on the momentous occasion. I cannot a
void observing, however, that it must be a
subject of the highest gratification to eve
ry citizen within the sections of country
now laboring under the unauthorised ex
pressions of the General Government 'o
know that the Local Authorities over them
lmve competent constitutional means in
the ir own hands for the purpose of doiig
The statements thrown out some time I themselves justice, if most unfortunately
ago in the Philadelphia prints, ure confirm- they should be forcibly driven to that .pe
ed by official documents. Mr. KremcrV-precated resort. In fact, in tbe worst
resolution has extorted the astonishing fact, state of things, that the oppressed sections
that Mr. Rush has stooped from his high of country, afford abundant means to the
estate to request the Collector of Philadel
phia to take away the supplies of station
ary from the widow Bailey, the near rela
tion of a revolutionary Whig, and give the
profitable job to Mr. Binns, the utterer, if
not the author; of flic Harris forgery.—
Mr. Binns attempts to justify -the act by
sophistically comparing it with Mr. Jeffer
son’s “ removing Mr. Latimer, and ap
pointing Gen. Muhlenberg Collector of
the Port ot Philadelphia;” and Gen. M’s
giving the Custom-House printingto Capt.
Geyer, a soldier of the revolution! Show
Local Authorities, to secure to themselves,
in their intercourse with the world, all the
salutary independence of nations, to pro
tect themselves, without tie least hazard
against physical force Iron, every <|uartej\
AVliilst through tbe same means, their
wealth and prosperity might* be augmen
ted to nil amount beyond any estimate
which-has yet been made in tbe contem
plation of that view of the subject.
1 hope too, I may be indulged, for re
marking further, that it has always been
mutter of surprise to me, that even tin
us a case, where Mr. Jefferson, or his Sec- enamoured votaries of these immoral,
retary of tlie Treasury, stooped to curve
out little miserable jobs for a loyal politi
cal piirtiznn—and we shall then admit
the analogy between the cases.—This is
the same Mr. Binns, whom tlie Secretary
of AA r ar also so far favored as|to withdraw
certain commissary advertisements from
the Aurora, in ordgrto give them to him.
This is the same Mr. Binns, who'has so
far earned his wages, as to palm tho forged
letter of Harris as a genuine voucher—
and who has hut the other day trumped up
some more last words on the same sub
ject—pretending restate the horrors of the
unjust delusive schemes should lie so blind
ed by their own interests and pifsSions, ns
to drive tlie contributors inhabiting the
tributary sections of country inttrlhe con
templation of these powerful allureilftVts,
which every impartial, intelligent citizen’,
be his habitation where it may, must know,
will necessarily attend a change, in tli-iir
political relations with the world ; whist
the inhabitants of tbe sections of country
receiving the unhallowed tribute, us lieiig
composed of the property of others, mist
know, that they have every tiling to loir,
and nothing to hope, from any change in
is it to tbe people, to Jvnow that this sum
of $500,000 cannot be considered ns
disposable fund, and may be ultimately nil
entire loss to them 7 Is 'it nothing to’ the
people to know that they lmve n full trea
sury, which, in cases of necessity, may
preclude the resort to additional taxation 7
The idea that this large sum may becom
a dead loss to them, must keep the people
in dread of tin additional tax being laid
next year for the support of the govern
ment, and for the improvement of the
.State. AVc have attentively examined the
situation of that hank: for some years
past we have been urgent in recommend
ing a winding up of-its concerns ; conse
quently, wc were sorry for the passage of
the resolution, notwithstanding thedissen
of the Governor: vve shull he more sorry
sltould the people have to lament the
day when the legislature did not follow the
wholesome advice of Governor Forsyth,
and the sound policy he recommended the
legislature to adopt in regard to this bank.
The batik may pay on the first of July
next, $75,000’; but if it pays $75,000
more on the {list of December, we shall
be greatly and agreeably disappointed,
and much more so if able to pav next
year $150,000 more. As it is the interest
of the government of this State to keep a
sharp look out and a tight hand on the
hanks of Georgia, wc shall now and then
devote some space of our paper to those
institutions.
—=»*«5»-®e=—
CHEROKEE INDIANS—PROCEED
INGS IN CONGRESS,
Our conjecture was accurate; a second
report from the Indian Committee of the
House of Representatives in Congrei
recommends “an appropriation of$50,000
to be put at the discretion of the President
of the United States, re aid such other
Indians as mnv be disposed to emigrate
to tlie west of the Mississippi ; and that
the President be authorised and empower
ed, out of said last mentioned appropria
tion, to extinguish the title of the Chero
kee Indians to any lands within the limits
of Georgia, at any time he may he able so
to do, ‘upon peaceable and reasonable
teims.’ ” The cot ittec iu defence of
tlieir recommendation, state further, “this
the Government of the United State
bound, by compact to tlie State of Geor-
igi«, to do, und the Committee are of opin-
ion that tlie United States tire bound in
good faith to the citizens of Georgia, t<
bold themselves in readiness, at all times
to fulfil said engagement.” “The Com
mitteebog leave to refer to u report niaili
by them to the House of Representatives,
during the present session, No. <i7, winch
is intimately connected with the subject,
nnd also to certain resolutions of the le
gislature of the State of Georgia, and a
report of n committee of that body, as
sell “on peaceable and reasonable terms,”
here is the mode of effecting -that object.
If tbe President believes that they may he
persuaded to sell “on peaceable and rea
sonable terms," he can out of the same
contingent fund send his messenger, am
bassador, or whatever he nitty choose to
call him, his Commissioner, to persuude
them to allow the General Government to
perform its solemn duties—such tilings oc
cur every day. The expenses of the late
brilliant negotiation, so ably conducted by
Col. Me Kenney, for the strip of land be
lt was argued | youd Bright’s Una, which did not cost
* ’*’ much more than double its fee simple val
ue, was paid for out of that fund,—no
pecial appropriation was made by the
last Congress for that purpose—none was
necessary. The President lms had, has,
and will have, the means of holding a
treaty for a purchase whenever the Cher-
okecs are ready. The appropriation of
this $50,000 is therefore entirely- useless,
so far as it is intended to put the United
States in readiness “to fulfil said engage
ment.” AYhy is it mudc7 AA ill it operate
to produce a disposition in the Clierukees
to sell! A similar appropriation was made
at the session of Congress of 1821—22,
of $30,000. AA r o all know the result.—
The Clierokecs told Messrs. pbcll
and Merriwether, in u letter of the 20tli
of October, 1823, “It is the fixed and un
alterable determination of this nation, ne
ver again to cede one foot more of land.”
This resolution was repeated to the Pres
ident, January 19, 1824, and an applica
tion made to him to ask Congress to make
an adjustment with Georgia, so that the
United States should he released from
tlieir compact to extinguish the Cherokee
title to lands within the chartered limits of
this State. In the correspondence their
held with Mr. Calhoun hy the Chcrokecs,
they uvuilvd themselves of the opportunity
to prove that they Were sensible of the ad
vantages to he derived from sticking to
the letter of the compact. In tlieir reply
ot the Ilth of February, 1824, to a letter
of the Secretary of AVar, after acknow
ledging that they were acquainted with
the compact of 1802, which bound the U.
States to extinguish tlieir title ns soon ns
it 1 can he done peaceably and on reasona
ble conditions, they say they are “also
sensible that this compact is no more than
a conditional one, and without the free
and voluntary consent of the Cherokee
nation, can never he complied with hy the
United States.” They then repeat that
“the (.’herokees have come to v. decisive
and unalterable conclusion never to cede
away any more lands.” This correspon
dence und its incidents gave rise to the
angry controversy between tlie delega
tion ot this State in Congress, nnd Mr.
Monroe’s administration, was communi
cated to both branches of the national le
gislature with a laboured report of Mr.
Secretary Calhoun, which was examined
and severely handled by a committee of
Congress, of which oar present Governor
vins the chairman, whose report presents
the true state ol the Cherokee question—
the incident of the new constitution alone
excepted.
AVhen Mr. Adams became President,
under the hope that lie entertained sound
er views on the subject of Indian affairs
than his predecessor, ail •attempt was
made to induce him to make the necessa
ry cllorts to fulfil the compact of 1802.
A cold letter was addressed hy the new
administration to the Cherokee chiefs .to
know if they were willing to el-ile, and
the answer was a repetition of tlieir de
termination neither to cede nor to move.
AVith all those facts within tlieir know
ledge, with the Cherokee constitution be
fore them, what cun the Committee of
Indian Affairs expect hut the waste of the
money appropriated on so eunvi-; at
Washington 2 Tl public, at :l-
public of Georgia, etmt ot he ike, ,r.l la.
the paltry and ordinary, urt-lioe of
ing -a great wish to perform a contract,
duty to both. But will Georgia depend
on the contingency of « presidential elec
tion for the redress of her grievances in
regard to the compact of 1803 with the
United States? AVe hope not.
AVhocver lias reflected upon the rcsour-,
cos mid means of Georgia to improve her
condition, and to acquire population and
wealth—proportionate to the extent of her
territory—must have arrived at the con
clusion, tliftt those very resources, which
Georgia possesses to a great degree,, have
remained paralyzed by the privation of
the full enjoyment of the whole extent of
her territory. Not only in internal im
provement has Georgia been backward,
but even in .the rcvisal and correction of
her constitution of government, and in the.
formation of her general and local laws,
lms Georgia met with impediments, ow
ing, in a great measure, to a prevailing
opinion, that no attempt ought to be made
to remodel the division of tho Stuto into
comities, change tlie mode of represen
tntion, amend the judiciary system, which
is greatly defective, or to alter the cou-
stintion in any manner whatever,-—until
site had obtained all the lands within her
constitutional and acknowledged limits.—
If, then, to the privation of the lands
yet in the occupation of the Indians, must
be ascribed the backwardness of Georgia
in internal improvements, measures ought
to be adopted by which those lands could
be immediately obtained. Tlie sooner it
is done tlie better will it be for the State ;
besides, the time lias arrived when it is to
be ascertained whether the General Gov
ernment will fulfil its engagements to
Georgia, or whether she will exercise her
constitutional powers, and her territorial
rights. The best interests of tlie State—
its future prosperity particularly—requires
active measures to be speedily adopted nnd
earned into effect. As tbe General Gov
ernment is not w illingly disposed, and will
be dilatory in its arrangements to treat
with tlie Cherokee Indians, what can
Georgia do, especially when it is known
that tlieir consent to remove west of the
Mississippi, will be obtained but by coer
cion? AVe say that Georgia will have to
resort to the powers she possesses as a so
vereign State, exercise her right to the
land, and, consequently, manage herself
her concerns with the Clierokecs, unless
she prefers to let them remain where they
now are, anil continue to be the only ob
stacles in licr way to n steady and efficient
advance to wealth and population. The
fact is, the Government of the U. States
has nothing to do with the territorial rights
of the States, whether Indians reside or
not within their limits. That government,
therefore, sltould not have the power, which
it has assumed, to interfere between Geor
gia and the Chcrokecs, only so fur as to
provide the money the Indians may re
quire in order to emigrate to lands, with
out the boundary of any of the States,
grunted to them by the United States. AVe
repeat again, by the compact of 1802,
Georgia and the United States hound
themselves to perform certain conditions.
The State of Georgia has complied in*
good faith with the obligations of that
compact; tlie United States have not.—
AVhen shall they comply 7 The course
Georgia has to pursue is plain ; it requires
nothing but energy to bring to a final ami
successful issue, the controversy existing
between this State oil the oiic part, and
tlie General Government with tbe Indians
on tlie other.
—
ACTS OF THE LAST SESSION—
THE LEGISLATURE.
AVe publish to-day a Synopsis of the
most important laws enacted at the last
session of the legislature. It w ill, wc be
hove, lie acceptable to the public el Giopv
■riii. The compilation occasioned us some.
■ rouble, as we hud to peruse all the acts
n!' tl e I a-t .-e> sion, wLi<L the S< eretury of
: late very k,uilly poiiiiittcd u» to do ut