Newspaper Page Text
FREDERICK S. FELL
c.rr» rniimn.
SA'?A.WW.4iBt 5
TUliSDAY UVUNING, FE.nnuAnr if, 1324.
rw
Or Saturday 14th inst. the following gentlemen
von elected Directors of the Jltaring and rite
futumnea Company, In this city.
George Schley,
Joseph Cumminer.
Nornvm Wallace,
Jor.ob Willcox,
Robert Scott)
William Davies,
F II. Welmfn,
Ami vesterlny Gkouse Sen let, Esq. was t-C elect
<M t’resklent.
The Hon, .Tames t.t.oin of Boston, now a Sens,
fir in Congress, his been nominated ss a suitable
person to fill the office of Governor of Massuc'iu
*~u*. 4 ■
Accounts fr«tn St. Louis of, the 13’lt nit. state
that Gen. ATRissnff, nn hearing of the murders
fc.imnilt*ed by the Indians on the Arkansas, dis .
fiatch»tl an officer, to Col! Aunu nf.n, command.
.1 ig the troops at Fort Smith, on that river, with
Stpecial in.tntclions on the subject.
It is also stated that a letter has been received
f o n Col Leavenworth, at Council Hlulf, gi-ing
rn account of an att -ck on a parly of hunters near
fie Mun.Jsn villages,^by the Maudlins or Auricka-
rces three of whom were kilh-d The Auri’cka-
Fees n>e building two towns on each side of the
Missouri, near Cannon Ball river.
Fro rnintmx* has betn convicted in New Ha
r jn of aiding and assisting In removing a body
l.-am the place of interment in a luighboring town,
tti the Medical Co.lage,
A splendid b ill in aid of the Greek fund was
given in Baltimore on the 5th inst. The rooms
were splendidly ami appropriately decorated,ami
the company very numerous. Among the stran.
gers present was M : Gal..ati v.Gen. Dkvkiieue,
M’the Colombian Hrnubpc, and Mr. Morat, sou
of the In'c- King of Naples.
Previous fo the commencement orthe dancesphe
i iterebting ceremony took place, of crowning the
bust of Buzz trios, in which the venerable Mr
GzanoLL, ofCarroiton, one of the three suivivin.L-
sutners of the Declaration of Independence, and
u Greek lloy, of 10 years of age, uretied iu the
Grecian costume, assisted.
run Tits iirunAK nsrvBst 'AW. .
TO THF. CITIZENS OF SCU1VBN COUNTY
T'kluiw CtT.ZKsa,
I had hoped Hut after having so long enjoyed
your confidence in the various publlfc offices to
which your independent suffrages had called ms,
that in my declining years 1 should be cheered
with tile sole reward my heart has ever craved—
the approbation of my constituents, and the com
vciousnesz of having deserved it. It has been of
ten remarked that a successful candidate fur puli*
lie favor pays a dear price for his elevation—" en
ay, hatred and alt unchari’.abteness” are consider*
ed the sure attendants upon his advancement,
mocking lijs anticipation. and marring his efforts.
But my lot had heretofore been mare fortunate—
the kindness of my fellow citizens appeared so
unanimous and unequivocal that even calumny
did not taint me, and it lias been reserved for the
moment when I was shout retiring from the'enrts
“of public life, to accuse me of treachery the most
Jjase towards those whose favors and confidence
'Lave for twenty years been lavi-hed upon me.
There is something so mon trous in the accu
sation—it conveys a character of turpitude to
deep, that it would appear almost incredible that
such a charge should be made without founda
tion. Yet you, my fellow citizens, knbw that such
a charge has been made against me, and it has
become a duty which I owe equally to you as to
myself to prove It is wholly groundless. The
charge !* contained in the following letter from
Mr. Swain a senator in the last legislature from
Emanuel county to Col. Blackman, a citizen of
d riven county.
Copy of a letter font Stephen Swain, Senator from
Emanuel, to Cot Blackman, of Scriven CotfiUy.^
Dear Sir—( with pleasure take this opportune
ty to inform you that 1 am well and family the last
1 heard from them. I saw Mr. Yong who inform-
. cd me that he bilieved that you and yours was all
w ell, Sir 1 hope that this will find you and all yours
in perfect health with ail your friends an.l r.righ
bourn, Sir I have to regret the loss, of just such
men that have served with from your bounty, for
if ever .the service was needed It is now for party
spirit seems so high that it almost settles every
question we take almost local or general it makes
a cry little odds Sir—I cant omit giving you some
detail of the conduct of yw S.nator who appears
to be a great advocate of Talbot ^ntil he voted
but was discovered in his deception aAd after
wards tried to clear himself of it but it was so
plain that he gave R up but there is very little
doubt with a great number of us but what he got
well paid for bis vote by Eleazer Early drew one
thousand dollars from the hank, while here I
' liardly think he wanted all that to bear his expen
sea to Savannah but be it as it may. Sir I think
perhaps you never saw is hard electioneering as
was here for Governor we have some Floyd from
theses coast and Eleasrsr Early from Savannah,
Cummings and Wild from Augusta, Forsyth from
the city of W'a6hington. Judge Harris, Ju.lge
Shorter,Judge Longstreet and a letter from Judge
Glaiton. all now to ’do what they could against
Talbot and finally cast by four votes and it got by
intrigue. Sir 1 cunt write as much as I want to
talk, bo farewell this from your obedt. hble servt
(Signed) STEPHEN SWAIN.
To Col. Gvnza BtAcftMAir.
It would be useless to make any comments
Upon the accusation contained in this letter. It
i3 brand and distinct- but I hope I may be ex
cused for offeringafsiV remarks that have a collate,
ral bearing upon the subject. The Ictter.is dated
' 3oihe considerable time after the election for Go
vcfiuir had occurred, and when-the result of it
was well know throughout every portion of the
state This alone would seem to render a com
rouiiication of that fact to vnp correspondent r al
together unnecessary. But in rtdditioli to this; 1
state positively that Col. Blackman to whom this,
li tter is addressed, -tannin Milledgeville ufter the
(JoviTitor't election, anil prior to the date of the let-
and he. then had an interview withJUr
Swa'nlhevh-itcr. Now according to the usua’
course of'epistolary correspondence, is it to-be
supposed that Mr. Swain would in that mode
cnmmucat e intelligence to Col. B'arkman of which
the latter was already apprised ? Would he re
iterate to him by letter, what he had already ffude
known to him verbally > Or—can it be suppose,
cd that during Col. Blackman's sojourn in Mil
ledgevllle, having a free intercourse with liis
friend Mr. Swain, no communication of this mo
mentous intelligence took place? Fully itself
could not err in ila reply.
\Vh*t are the conclusions then to be drawn from
these circumstances? Is it not evident that this
letter was written to accomplish a purpose?—
Col. Blackman exhibited it at the last January
election in Jacksonboro, to such little groupes as
he could covertly collect around him—it was by
accident t became apprised of its existence—and
it was with the utmost difficulty 1 Could obtain
from him a copy of it. To my enquiries respect
ing the manner in which he received it, he perti
naciously refined to give me any satisfaction—at
(edging that he did not knew from whom—or hrw
he received it.
With this explanation I leave U to my felinw
citizens to decide upon the motives which dictate
ed ibis letter, and the objects expected to be ac
omplished by U* circulation. 1 shall now pro
ceed, (and blush with indignation at entering
upon so humiliating a duty) to repel the infamous
charge that has been preferred against me —
Mr. EARLY BRIBED ME TO VOTE FORCOL.
TROUP!
I cannot write with temper upon so foul a sub
ject and shall therefore briefl> prove by the fid-
towing testimony of respectable and disinterest
ed gentlemen that long before I went to Mdledge-
ville, l had declared the manner in which I should
ire governed in yielding my vote. The evidence
is complete, and connected-commencing with
my first assertions, in Savannah, and terminating
with the redemption of my pledge there given
NO I.
Statement of JFm, P Beer*, Reg. Stivannah
In October last, in conversation with Huger Mc
Kinney, F.j.q. Senator elect of Scriven County u>
legislature of Georgia, I alluded to the anxie
ty which his friends seemed to manifest ns to hit
intentions in regard to the gubernatorial election
From his observa ion tie appeared to be sensible
nf the doubts existing in their minds as to the vote
:<e should give, and in the m»s explicit term,
dated to me, tli d lie had an objection to Colonel
I’roup one of the candidates, * Inch he, Col. 1'.
could alone remove Me at the same time gaie
no to understand that previous to the elect in
in explanation from Col. Troup i-t gird to this
objection, would have weight in his mind to du
reel him in his vote.
I think it was previous to this private eonvrr.
sation, 1 heard him express himseli in similar
terms at the City Hotel, in presence of Mr. Ft
and others.
Signed, WM.P. BEER'
Savannah, Jan. 22,1824.
S<> II
Statement of Samuel M. Bond, F.sq.
Savannah, Jan. 22, 1824,
Some time previon-to the mef-t ng •. t 1 .- l.e
gidature in 1823, (I believe nbout the mid-lie of
October last,) Mr. Roger McKinney, at my house
said (in relation to the apnroachi -g election of Go
vernor) that he liked Go!, Troup, and also Mv.
Talbot very well, and on being pressed both by
myself and my brother N P. Rond, to declare
himself in favor of one or the other candidate, Mi.
McKinney suid that he had but one objection to
Col Troup, and if Cul, Troup could explain it to
his satisfaction or relieve himself of the charge
which he (McK.) would bring against him, that
he (McK.) would certainly vote for him. If Troup
coul I not explain it to his satisfaction, or acquit
himself entirely of the charge, tint he would as
certainly vote for Talbot: upon which Mr. N. P.
Bond refered him person-fly to Col. Troup for
satisfaction, or explanation—stating that if Troup
could not or would not satisfy Mr. McKinney, or
explain to his satisfaction or the subject, we could
not desire to have his vote. 1 never have heard
what this matter was upon which Mr. McKinney
wanted explanation.
Signed, S'. « BOND
The conversations alluded to in the foregoing,
I know to be correct, and that they took place
in the house of my brother 8. M Bond, at Savan.
nah. s
Signed, NATHL. P. BOND.
January 22, 1824.
NO III.
Statement of F S Fell, E*q. a Representative from
Chatham County, to the LegtiLture ef 1823.
Some time in October 1823, previous to the
meeting of the general asse • bly of the S uite of
Georgia, I met Koger McKinney, Esq. a Sena,
tor elect of the county of Scriven, he being on a
visit to Savannah. In a conversation with Mr.
McKinney on the apprachmg Gubernatorial con
test between Col. Troup and Capt. Talbot, he
stated that he liked both of the candidates very
well and believed that either of them would make
an excellent governor, but to Col. Troup he had
one objection, and observed that if it could be
cleared up or explained to bis satisfaction that be
would vote for tl at gentleman—he also observed
that none but Col. T. could satisfy him. What
the objection was 1 knew not. Mr. McK. and
myself then parted. On my arrival inMilledgeville,
two or three days previous to the election for
governor, I understood that Mr. McK. bad re
ceived an explanation relative to the objection
he had advanced against Co). TP, that be was per
fectly satisfied with it, and that be declared be
would vote for Cot. Troup, and f heard him as
sert that he had done a > a few hours after the
election for governor was over.
Signed, FREDERICK S. FELL.
Savannah, Jan. 24,1824.
NO IV.
Statement of Robert W Pooler, Etq a Repre
tentative from Chatham •ounty.to the legislature
o/4823. J l he letter it addreued to a friend of Ro
ger McKinney.
SavsBRiR, Jan. 30, 1824.
Dear Sir—In compliance with your request, I
cheerfully impart to you all the information nf
which I am in the possession respecting, the con-
!uct of Mr. Roger McKinney, the Senator in the
last Legislature, from the county of Scriven. 4
few days previous to tey departure fYuin Snvan
nah for Millcdgcvillc, l was informed by a frleu'u
that Mr.McKinney hail «aid to him when on a Visit
to Savannah, that If Col. Troup would explain to
h m a circumstance, which had made an unfavora.
b!,e imprcssion.on his mind that he would vote for
him for the governor of \he state. On my arri
val at Milledgeville 1 suggested to the friends of
Cul. Troup, and particularly to my colleague Mr.
Law, that 1 thought it probable that Mr. McKin
ney would vote for Col Troqp.and stated to them
my reason for to believing. They differed with
me and 1 was dclermed to ascertain whether Mr.
McKinney had ever expressed himself so,and if so
whether hs was then of the same mind. I met Mr.
McKinney, I think a day or two previous to the
gubernatorial election, and nude the enquiry,
when he informed me that he hud sat d to, that he
was itiU of the tame min I—that he intended to af
ford Cot Troup, an opportunity of explaining, untf
that if he did to to Mi tatitfaelion, he would certain
ly vote Jhr him.
This statement isgirento the beat of my re
collection, and if it contributes to the refutation
of the calumnies which have been lavished upon
M .McKinney, I shall be highly gratified,as 1 firm
ly believe that in giving his vote to Col. Troup,
he acted the part of a conscientious and upright
man. Respectfully, kc.
ROBERT W. TOOLER.
J NO V.
Statement of Jno McPhcrtnn Berrien, Etq. Sena
tor from Chatham County to the Legiilutui e oj
'1813.
1 m ike the following statement of facta which
C ime within my knowledge at Milledgeville at the
request of Mr. McKinney.
While the election of the Governor was yet un-
determined, it wss communicated to me hat Mr.
McKinney hud expressed liis conviction that the
qualifications of Col. Troup for that office were
greater than those ol Capt Talbot, and that he
would be disposed to vote for Col Troup, if his
conduct on a former occasion could be satisfacto-
rily explained to him, but that without such ex
planation, he would vote for Capt. Talbot. Along
with this communication, was a statement ot the
particulars in Col. Troup’s conduct which Mr. Me-
Kinney considered objectionable.
I had known Col Troup intimately from early
life, and believed him to be inc'tpnble ol the con-
duct which was impute t t » him—I determined
therefore to afford him an opportunity of correct,
ing this misrepresentation. I met Mr. McKinney
to ' enquired from him if he had made the decls*
ration which had been communicated to me. He
• eplied that he had made the declaration since he
r.iune to Milledgeville, and also when he was in
Savannah. He added that it expressed his real
sentiments—that he believed Col. Troup better
q-talifitd, and was disposed to vote for him, if this
objection were removed by a satisfactory explana
tion i but unless this was dune he would vote
against him. I then assured him of my entire con
viction that Col Troop had been misrepresents,
to him, and announced to him my determination
*o communicate the atatement to Col. Troup, that
he might have an opportunity of correcting thi-
misrepresentation He again expressed his will
i guess to receive explanation, but did not solicit
it. I was afterwards present at an interview be
tween Go!. Troup and Mr McKinney, during
‘which Col. I roup gave.the explanation required
and Mr. McKinney acknowledged himself satisfiec
with it. After this I heard that Mr. McKinney had
publicly expressed bis determin tion to vote for
Col. Troup- 1 do not pretend to give the words
usee., but I have stated the substance of the con
versation, and the facts are detailed with accura
cy according to the best of my recollection.
JNO. MACFHERSON BERRIEN.
Savannah 5th February, 1824.
It may probably be expected that I should ac
count in some manner for the probable causes
which urged this systematic attack upon my re
putation. 1 confess my: elf at a loss to discover
(item. My conscience acquits me of having done
intentional injury to any man. There has indeed
f«r some years existed a political hostility be.
tween Col. Blackman and myself. Mortified am
bition sometimes resorts to the most desperate
measures to revenge its disappointed hopes.—
Such a spirit may have actuated Col. Blackman,
but upon this point the simple narrative of tacts
that 1 have given affords the best commentary.
1 remain repectfully.
Your fellow citizen,
ROGER McKINNEY.
cial Vocu nexit.
NAVAL PEACE ESTABLISHMENT
MESSAGE FROM THE PRESIDENT.
TotheJIouuofRepmentativetofthe U- State*.
Incompliance with a resolution of the
House of Representatives, of the 15th ol
December last, requesting the President of
the United States “to communicate, apian
for a Peace Establishment of the Navy of
the United States," I herewith transmit •
report from the Secretary of the navy which
contains the plan required.
In presenting this plan to the considers
tion of Congress, I avail myself ofthe occa
sion to make some remarks on it, which
the importance of the subject requires,.and It is to the execution ff tflSe'work* K
fkvnttiviphrp inettfiOQ *' l„n,l .1 i * '^Oth
to which vie have uelroiG'ur>rr • . i
i h wu8 a thorough con luiou’
these truths, derived from the utWnu. °'
of the late war, that
the year 1816, during the term or JJ
lightened and virt'uous predecessor.
whom the war had been declared/
cuted, and terminated,.digested, and m
provision for the defence^ X cZ?
and support of its rights in peace as well 1
in war, by acts, which authorized B nd
joined the augmentation of our Naw V
prescribed Ijmit, and the construction
suitable fortifications thro- ghout the wLi
extent of our maritim
ever else they might
utter, and where
denied r
‘ CHARLESTON, Jan. 14.
The Columbia Canal is now finished, and
several boats were passing through it on
the 9th inst. iri presence of th& Superin
tendant of Public Works, and a large con
course ol the citizens of Columbia and its
vicinity, who assembled on the occasion.
The Jamaica Royal Gazette of the loth
ult. contains a report of the trials ol several
of the pirates (T jn number) who had. been
arraigned before the Court of Admiralty
Sessions, Kingston. Six of the prisoners
were found guilty (three of which, however,
were Yecommended to mercy)and sentence
of death pronounced upon them~the re
maining one having.been acquitted.
At a numerous Meetingofthe Merchants
and Traders of Philadelphia, held in that
City on ti.e 4lb inst. a series of resolutions
was agreed to in opposition to the Tariff
now before Congress.
' Ward Meetings for the appointment ol
Delegates, were held in the City of Phila
delphia, on the 4th inst. Ten ol the/our.
teen Wards, are stated to have elected
Delegates favorable to Gen. jAOKBONas the
next President ofthe United Slates.
■■ ■ ■■■
Burning in effigy.—The Democratic
Press states, that “handbills were posted up
in Southwark, inviting a-meeting ofthe ci
tizens of that district, at the Commission
ers’ Hall, to consider of the propriety of
hanging and burning in effigy, William
fry, the Publisher, and Robert Walsh, jr.
the Editor of the National Gazette, at such
time anff place as may be agreed on.”
As long as they only burn the effigy of
printers they will not grumble much-—
There never is a meeting of the tag rags,
without denouncing me; and when I happen,
by accident-, to be present, I vote against
the resolution, and they vote me down, and
thus ends the affair pleasantly—-I go on
writing, and they goon denouncing. If
they burn Walsh ogee or twice, in effigy,
they *U! fhfijte him a minister plenipo
fiat. /!4x)a,
experience justifies.
If a system of universal and permanent
peace could be established, or if, in wur,
the belligerent parties would respect the
l ights of neutral powers, we should have no
occasion for a navy or an army. The ex
pense and dangers of such establishments
might be avoided. The history of all ages
proves tlvat this cannot be presumed; on the
contrary, that at least one half of every cen
tury, in ancient as well as modern times,
has been consumed in wars, and often oi
the most general and desolating characteiv
Nor is tiere any cause to infer, if We ex
amine the condition of the nations with
which we have the most intercourse and
strongest political relations, that we shall,
in future, be exempt from that calamity,
within any period, to which a rational Cal
culation may be extended. And, as to.the
rights of neutral powers, it is sufficient to
appeal to oup own experience ' to demons
trate how little regard will be paid to them,
whenever they come in conflict with the
interests of the powers at wur, while we
rely on the justice of our cause and on ar
gument alone. The amount ot the proper
ty of our fellow-citizens, which wat seized
and confiscated, or destroyed, by the belli
gerent parties, in the wars of the French
revolution, and of those which followed, be
fore we became a party to the war, is al
most incalculable.
The whole movement of our govern
ment from the establishment of out inde
pendence, has beet; guided by a sacred re
gard for peace. Situated as we are, in the
new hemisphere; distant from Europe, anti
unconnected with its affairs; blessed with
the happiest government on earth, and hav
ing no objects ol ambition to gratify; the U
States huve steadily c. Rivaled the iclati. ns
of amity with every power. And if, in any
European wars, a reftpect for our rights
might be 1 relied on, it was undoubtedly u
those to which I have adverted. The con
flict being vital, the force being nearh
equally balanced, and the result unrertait-
each party had the strongest motives of in
terest to cultivate our good will, lest w
might be thrown into the opposite scab
Powerful as this consideration usually is, i
was nevertheless utterly disregarded, in a;
most every stage of, and by every party-1.
those wars. To these encroachments and
injuries, our regard for peace was finally
forced to yield.
In the war to which we at length beepm
a party, our whole coast, trom St. Croix t
the Mississippi, was cither invaded or m
n tced with invasion; and in many part-
with a strong imposing- force, both laud and
naval. In those parts where the populalin
was most dense, the pressure was comp ,
ratively light; but there was scarcely at
harbor or city, on any of our great tiile-.s
which could be c/insidcred secure. Nt-v
Y'-rk and Philadelphia were eminently cx
posed, the then existing works not bcinf>
sufficient for their protection. The aam-
remark is applicable in a certain extent, i
the cities eastward of the former; and as i
the condition of the whole country south
ward of the lattet, the events which marked
the war are too recent to require detail.—
Our armies and navy signaiixed themselves
in every quarter where they had occasion
to meet their gallant loe, and the militia
voluntarily flew to their aid, with a patriot
ism, and fought with a bravery, which ex
alted the reputation of their Government
and country, and which did them the high
est honor. In whatever direction the ene
my chose to move with their squadrons and
to land their troops,our fortifications, where
any existed, presented but little obstacle to
them. They passed those works without
difficulty. Their squadrons, in lact, annoy
ed our w?iole coast, not of the sea only, but
every bay and great river throughout its
whole extent. In entering thoseinlets and
sailing up them with a small force, the ef
fect was disastrous, since it never failed to
draw out the whole population on each
side, and to keep it in the .field while the
squadron remained there. The expense
attending this species of defence, with the
exposure of the inhabitants, find - the waste
of property, may feadily .be conceived.
The occurrences which preceded the
war, and those which attended it, were alike
replete with useful, instruction as to our
future policy. Those which mark the first
epoch, demonstrate clearly, that’ in the
wars of other powers, we can rely .only on
force ior the protection of our neutral right.
Those ofthe second demonstrate, with
equal certainty, that, in any war;in which
we may be engaged hereafter, with a strong
naval power, the expense, waste, and other
calamities, attending It, considering the vast
extent of our maritime frontier, cannot fail,
unless it be defended by adequate fortifica
tions and a suitable naval force, to corres
pond with those Which were experienced
in the late war.
Two great objects are therefore to be
regarded in the establishment of an ade
quate naval force: the first, to prevent war,
so far as it may be practicable; the second
to diminish its calamities, when it may be
inevitable. Hence, the subject of defence
becomes intimately connected, in all its
parts, in war and in peace, for the land and
at sea. No'government will be disposed,
in its wars with other powers, to violate our
rights, if it knows wo have the means,
are prepared, and resolved to defend them.
The motive, will also be diminished, if it
knows that our defences by jand are so well
planned and executed, that ah. invasion o!
our coast cannot be productive of tbe evils
land and naval, and under a thorough cm
viction that, by hastening their completion
I should render the best service to my coun
try, and give the most effectual support t»
our tree republican system of government
that my humble faculties would admit of
that I have devoted so much of my f ln Ii
and.labor to this great system of national
policy, since I came into this office, and
shall continue to do it, until my retirement
from it, at (he end of your next session.
The Navy is the a. m from which on I
government will always derive most aid It.
supphrt ol our neutral rights. Every p.„
er engaged in war, will know the strength
of our naval force, the number or our shin I
of each class, their condition, and He |
promptitude with which we may bring them
into service, and will pay due consideration
to that argument. Justice will always hare
great weight in the cabinets or Europe, b«
in long and destructive wars, exigencies I
often occur which press so vitally on them
that, snlcss t re argument of force is brought
to its aid, it will he disregarded. Our bnd
forces will always petTorm their duty in the
event of war, but they must perform it on
the land. Our navy is the arm which muit
be principally relied on for the annoyance
of the commerce ofthe enemy, and lor the
protection of our own; and also, by co ope.
ration with the land forces, for the defence
of the country. Capable of moving in in;
and every direction, i*. possesses the faculty,
even when remote from our coast, ol «.
tending its aid to every interest on which
the security and welfare of our Union de
pend. Annoying the commerce of the en
emy, and menacing, in tutn, its const, pro.
vided the force on each side is nearly e-1
qually balanced, will draw its squadrons I
from our own; and, in case of invasion by i
powerful adversary, by a land and Haul
force, which'is always: to be anticipated,and I
ought to he provided agaihst,ournavym«;,l
by like co-operation with our land forcevl
render essential aid in protecting our inte-l
tor from incursion and depredation. I
The great'object, in the event of war, itl
to ship the enemy at the coast If this hi
* me, our cities, and whole interior, will bel
secure For tho accomplishment ol this!
object, our fortifications must tie piinciptl-l
ly relied on by placing strong works near!
the mouths of our great inlets, in such po-r
sittons as to command the entrances into I
them, as-may’-be d.>ne in many instances,!
it will be difficult, if not impossible, forshipJ
to puss them, especially if other precautions,I
and particularly that of steam batteries, atel
resorted to, in their aid. In the wars bc-l
tween other powers, into which we may bel
drawn, in support of our neutral rights, if
cannot be doubted that this defence woulfl
l>c adequate to the purpose intended by it;
nor can it be doubted, that the Knotvlei'giJ
that such works existed,- would lorm i
strong motive, with any power, not to it-l
vadc our rights, and thereby contribute n-l
sentially to prevent war. There are, it »|
admitted, some entrances into our interior!
which are of such vast extent, that it wuulfff
he utterly impossible for any Works, ho*-|
ever extensive, or well posted, to comma*
them. Of this class, the Chesapeake Ibf!
which js an arm of t ie sea, nray be gi'<s|
as an example. But, in my |udgrrfl*i *|
ven this Bay may be defended against «fl
power with whom We may be involved ml
war as a third party, in the defence of
neutral rights. By erecting strong works|
at’ the mouth of James River, on both sii.8
near the Capes, as we are now doing, a™
at Old Point Comfort and the Rip wPj
and connecting those Works together »r
drains, whenever the enemy’s lorce app« r j
ed, placing in the rear some large slMf
and steam batteries, the passage .up 1
river would be rendered jo/practicm™
This guard would also^end to protect
whole country bordering on Hie bay.
rivers emptying into it; as the hazavd w
be too great Sir the epemy, however stro'
his naval force, to ascend the bay, ano ,ea
such a naval force behind; since, in the j
ven. of a storm, whereby his vessels ml 8
he separated, or of a calm, the shjp s , a
su ;m batteries, behind the works, jW'81
rush forth and destroy them. R cou
be in the event of an invasion by a
power, or a combination of several p°' v
and by land as well as by naval f orc ® s ’
th' se works could; be carried; a 1 ’ 11 ' 1
then, they could not fail to i-eiar l the
ment of the enemy into the countty,
to give time for the collection of ou
gular troops, militia and volunteers,
point, and thereby contribute ® s,e J 1
his ultimatrdefeat-and-expulsion Ito
territory. ’ p { ,ci
Under a str ong impression, that a i
Establishment of our Navy »
with the possible event of war, ana J
Naval force intended lor either SjF' ^
ever small it may be, is connecte ^
general system of public defence,-
thought it proper, in communicat ^
report, to gubtqit these remat
whole eobjetfr'- jaMES moNBOE
Washington Jan, 30, 1824.
A VERY IMPORTANT TR U|11
(Edinburgh\RevicwJ .,
All commerce is founded on ® j& r „
Treciprocityi and that couti y .
iy prosper most, and have ^joa 11
of her greatness beat . iee . ure ,*. u :j, it”
ersal.ipeychant,. and *«/* '
world onX r c s V ect k- )/“* r °-
cipleb.
g ,t:
in