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EDITED IJD PUBLISHED WEEKLY, BY
WM. B . HARRISON.
CITY P R I .VI E R .
Tbc Rose and the Heart.
A lovely rose was drooping,
All scentless, dry and dead !
Upon the ground, low stooping.
It bowed its blushing head ;
Its leaves all dry and faded.
Hung listless by its side ;
No more with incense laded—
Its fountains all were dried
But misty vapors blending,
Bring forth a genial shower ;
The gentle rain descending.
Revives the drooping flower.
Now from the ground upspringing,
It blooms all bright and fair,
And all around 'tis flinging
Rich fragrance on the air.
Thus human hearts—low bowing
Beneath affliction's rod—
Their cup of woe o’erflowing—
They sink beneath the load !
In secret sorrow pining—
No soothing spirits nigh—
All earthly hope resigning,
They sadly droop and die.
But if kind words be given,
’Twill act with magic power;
Like pearly drops of dew,
Upon the withered flower:
’Twill sooth their deepest sorrow,
Alleviate their woes,
And joyous smiles will follow,
Like incense from the rose I
From the London Globe, Feb. 9.
An interesting Account of how the Gold
was Discovered in California.
"Four months among the Gol l Finders
in Alta-California ; being the Diary of an
Expedition from San Francisco to the
Gold District.” By J. Tyrvvliitt Brooks,
M. D. Bogue. We extract the account
they received from Capt. Sutter, the owner
of the mill, of the incidents of the discov
eiy :
“ I was sitting one afternoon,” said the
captain, “just after my siesta, engaged,
by the by, in writing a letter to a relation
of mine at Lucerne, when I was interrup
ed by Mr. Marshall—a gentleman with
whom I had frequent business transac
tions—bursting hurriedly into the room.
From the unusual agitation in his manner,
1 imagined that something serious had
occurred, and, as we involuntarily do in
this part nf the world, I at once glanced
to see if my rfle was in its proper place.
You should know that the mere appear
ance of Mr. Marshall at that moment in
the fort was quite enough to surprise me,
as he had but two days before left the place
to make s >me altera ions in a mill for saw
ing pine plank, which he had just run up
for me some miles higher up the Ameri
canos. When he had recovered himself
a little, he told me that however great my
surprise might be at his unexpected ap
fearance, it would be much greater when
heard ihe intel igence he had come lo
bring me. ‘lntelligence,” he added,“which
if properly prufi ed by, would put both oi
us in possession of unheard of wealth
millions and millions of dollars, in fact.”
I frankly own, when I thought something
had touched Marshall’s brain, when, sud
denly, all my misgivings were put to an
end by his Hinging on the table a handful
ts scales of pure virgin gold.
I was fairly thunderstruck, and asked
him to explain what all this meant, when
he went on to say that, e.ccordidg to my
instructions, he had thrown the mill-wheel
out of gear, to let the whole body of wa
ter in the dam find a passage through the
tail-race, which was previously too narrow
to allow the water to run of}'in sufficient
quantity, whereby the wheel was prevented
from sufficienently performing its work.
By this alteration the narrow channel was
considerably enlarged, and a mass of sand
and gravel carried off by the force of the
torrent. Early in the morning after this
took place, he (Mr. Marshall) was walking
along the left bank of die stream, when he
perceived something which he at first took
for a piece of opal—a clear, transparent
stone, very common here, glittering on one
of the spots laid bare by the sudden crum
bling away of the bank. He paid no at
tention to this, but while he w r as giving
directions to the workmen, having obser
ved several similar glitering fragments,
his curiosity was so far excited that he
stooped down and picked one of them up.
“Do you know,” said Mr. Marshall, “ 1
positively debated with myself two or three
times whether I should take the trouble to
bend my back to pick up one of the pieces,
and had decided on not doing so, when,
fnrtheron, another glitering morsel caught
my eye—the largest of the pieces now
before you. T condescended to pick it up,
and to my astonishment found that it was
a tliiu scale of what appears to be pure
gold. He then gathered some twenty or
thirty small pieces, which, on examination,
convinced him that his suppositions were
right. His first impression was that this
gold had been lost or buried there by some
early Indian tribe—perhaps some of those
mysterious inhabitants of the West of
whom we have no account, but who dwelt
on this continent centuries ago, and bui’t
those cities and temples, the ruins of which
are scattered about these solitary wilds.
On proceeding, however, to examine the
neighboring soil, he dicovered that it was
more or less auriferous. This at once de
cided him. He mounted his horse, and
rode down to me as fast as it would carry
him with the news.
The captain and his friend slarted the
next morning to make a further survey,
and spent a day in poking about among
the sand both on the banks of the river
and in the dry beds of one or two tiibutry
streams, finding bits of gold on all sides;
but though extremely careful to keep out
of sight of the work people at the mill, they
found them all gold-hunting on their re
turn. •• One of them, a sly Kentuckian, had
dogged us about, and looking on the ground
to see if he could discover what we were
in search of; he had lighted on some fleaks
of gold himself.” The next day the captain
had fifty Indians at work ; but the news
spread like wild-fire, some of the gold
sent to San Francisco brought up crowds
of people.
Management of House Plants.—ln
quiries are frequently made as to the suc
cessful management of green house plants
which are kept in the rooms of dwellings.
A chief error in their rvinter treatment
consists in making no distinettion between
their condition while rapidly growing and
in a dormant state. When vegetation is
in full progress, warmth and a large supply
of water, is indispensable. But during the
period of rest, plants should be kept cool
and rather dry. A temperature of 20 de
grees is much better than the ordinary liv
ing rooms. While in this stationary con
dition very little moisture is given off
through the leaves ; while growing it is
thrown off rapidly. Hence water is to be
applied very sparingly, and at remote
intervals, in winter; as very little escapes
by direct evaporation from the soil. So
lons as a moderate degree of moistnre is
found beneath the surface of the soli in
the pots, watering should be omitted.
Thorough drainage is also of importance
and is well effected by filling one-sis h of
the pot at the bottom with fragments of
charcoal. Washing the foliage from dust,
should be attended to, and may be con
veniently done by syringing with tepid wa
ter, turning the pot at the moment on its
side, that the soil contained in it may not
be too much soaked. In the absence of
a syringe, a small watering-pot with fine
perforations, held at a little height, will
answer a good purpose. The chief re
quisites, for good management, may be
summed up as follows : 1. Spare watering;
2. Low temperature ; 3. Plenty of light ;
4. Drainage; 5. Washing foliane.
A Wise Dei ision by an Idiot.—Ful
ler, in his. “ Holy State,” tells the follow
ing pleasent story :
A poor man in Paris, being very hun
gry, went into a cook’s shop, and staid
there so long (for the master was dishing
up meat,) that his appetite being lessened
by the steam, he proposed to go without
his meal ; but the cook insisted upon pay
ment for the same. At length, the alter
ation was agreed to be referred to the first
person that passed the door; that person
•happened to be a notorious idiot. Having
heard the complaint, he decreed that the
poor man’s money should be placed be
tween two empty dishes, and that the cook
should be recompensed with ihe jingling
of the cash, as the other was with the fumes
of the meat; and this little anecdote is lit
erally a matter of fact.
Female Society. —The eccentric John
Randolph, iri conversation wilh a friend
upon this subject, used the following lan
guage ;
“ You know my opinion of female soci
ety. —Without it, we should degenerate
into brutes.—This observation applies
w ith tenfold force to young men and those
who are iti the prime of manhood. For
after a certain time of life, the literary
man may make a shift (a poor one I gran )
to do without the society of ladies. To a
spirit of devotion (next to his Creator) to
some am irable woman, whose image may
occupy his heart, and guard it from pol
lution, which besets it on all sides. A
man ought to choose bis wife as Mrs.
Primrosi did her wedding gown for “qual
ities that wear well.” One thing at least
is true, that if matrimony has its cares,
celebacy has no pleasute. A Newton, or
a mere scholar may find employment in
study; a man of literary taste can receive
in books a powerful auxiliary ; but a man
must have a bosom friend, and children
around him, to cherish and support the
dreariness of old age.”
Excellent Rules. —Always take the
part of an absent person who is censured
in company, so far as truth and proprietv
will allow.
Never dispute if you can fairly avoid it.
Not dispute with an old man more than
seventy years of age nor with a woman,
nor with an enthusiast.
Not affect to be witty, or to jest; so as
to wound the feelings of another.
Say as little as possible of myself and
those who are near me.
Aim at cheerfulness without levity.
Never court the favor of the rich, bv
flattering their vanity and their vices.
Respect virtue though clothed in rugs.
Speak with calmness and consideration
on all occasions ; especially in circumstan
ces which tend to irritate.
Frequently review my conduct andnote
my failings.
On all occasion to have in prospect the
end of life, and afuture state.
N t flatter myself that I can keep up
to these rules however honestly 1 may
aim a it.
The Hon. Robert J. Walker, late Sec
retary of the Treasury, has arrived in this
city, on his way to Wasington City, which
he designs to make his permanent resi
dence. Weunderstand that lie leaves here
in the steamevColumhus, for Philadelphia,
taking that route in consequence of being
in bad health, which prevents him from
undergoing the fatigues of the land route.
Charleston Courir, 22 nd Inst.
From the Charleston Mercnry.
The Atlantic and Pacific Railroad.
We w ith pleasure give place to the fol
lowing circular, to which we invite the at
tention of our citizens. That a Kailroad
connecting the Atlantic States with our
territories on the Pacific will speedily be
constructed, there can be but little doubt
when the necessities of the case and the
character of orr people are taken into con
sideration. Whether it shall take the
Northern route —by Jefferson City, St.
Louis and Pittsburg, or the Southern —by
Little Hock and Memphis, to ihe Southern
Atlautic cities, depends very much upon
the exertions made by the respective sec
tions. We have at present the advantage,
not only in the greater practicability of
the Southern route, but also from the fact
that so much of the chain of Kailroads
which isio connect Memphis with Charles
ton and Savannah is already finished that
the remaning links will be readily com
pleted when the public attention is prop
erly directed towards it. We must not
forego these advantages by our indolence
or indifference, and we think the proposed
convention at Memphis will have a pow er
ful effect in concentrating and giving the
proper direction to public opinion.
Memphis, ( Tenn.) March 1, 1849.
Sir : 'i he attention of the people of the
Union has recently been directed to the
consideration of the expediency of con
structing a Kailroad fiom the valley of
the Mississippi to California, for the double
object of rendering still more valuable
our vast possessions on the Pacific, and
placing within our grasp the commerce
with Asia ; —a dazzling prize with mari
time nations for more than twenty centu
ties.
St. I-ouis, in Missouri, and other points
still further North, have been designated
as most suitable for the commencement of
the proposed work. The citizens of Ar
kansas, at a recent public meeting, at their
Capitol, in which the leading men of the
State participated, considering the ration
al character of the woik, with entire
unanimity suggested the point opposite
Memphis as being most nearly cential to
the whole Union ; below most of the great
tributaiies of the Mississippi; below the
frost bound regions of the North, and ill a
direct line of connection with another
grand scheme of improvement—the At
lantic and Mississippi Railroad ; and, with
the view of eliciting an expression of pub
lic sentiment on the subject, they have re
commended that a Covention be held at
Memphis, on the fourth day of July next
Our citizens, in public meeting, have
promptly and cordially seconded the move
ment made in Arkansas; and, in pur
suance of the objects of that meeting, the
undersigned have been appointed a Com
mute of Correspondence.
In the discharge of our duty, we invoke
your aid and influence in directing public
sentiment towards the great design ; and
invite you to be present at the proposed
Convention.
We are respectfully,
J. T. Trezevant, A. B. Warford,
David Looney. R. Topp,
M. B. Winchester, H.Van Pelt,
11. C. Brinkley, S. Wheatley,
John Pope, * R. J. Yancy,
R. B. J. Twyman, Janies Penn.
Civil Government in California.—
A file of the Star and Californian publish
ed at San 1* rancisco, to December, 23,
furnishes evidence of the actual existence
of a civil government, for the preservation
of society and the punishment of crimes
recognized by every society :
“ Du the 16th of December a trial took
place iu the village of San Jose before
Judge Kimball H Dimmick, alcalde of
the distiict, and a jury empaneled for the
case,of thiec men, named Davis, Camp
bell, and I'reer, for murder. The jury
pronounced a verdict of guilty, and they
were sentenced to be hanged. The sen
tence was carried into execution on the
IStli, in presence of a large concourse of
citizens. Ihe convicts confessed their
guilt, and embraced the Catholic faith
i litee other men were subsequently tried
for participation in the same crime, viz :
Lotion, \\ oolard, and Lee, and the two
matter on the additional charge of perjury.
1 hey also were found guilty, and were
sentenced for the first offence to receive,
Cotton fifteen and the two others eighteen
lashes, and the latter on the additional
charge, forty lashes each, and one month's
confinement in the stocks. C. E. Picket,
tiied at Fort Sacramento, on a charge of
the murder of Mr. Alderman, \va3 acquit
ted.”
Jhe provisional government meetings
which had been held, as heretofore noticed,
were first at San Jose, next at Puebla, and
then San Francisco. The result was as
follows:
A concurrent recommendation to the
inhabitants of California to hold meetings
and elect delegates to represent them in a
convention to he held at San Jose on the
4th of March, 1849, for the purpose of i
drafting and preparing a form of provis
ional government, to he submitted to the
people for ratification or rejection by a
vote by ballot.
Die inhabitants of San Francisco were
to hold a meeting on the Bth of January,
to make choice of five delegates.
At their previous meeting resolutions
were also adopted expressing the opinion
'hat the du'ies which have been collected
at the ports of Upper California, since the
15th of August last, rightly belong to the
people of the Territory.
The Supreme Court of the United States
terminated its annual session at Washing,
ton city, on Tuesday week last. It decided
on 50 cases, during its session, and left
upon. The Court does not sit
again till the first Monday in Dec’r. next.
LATE FROM MEXICO.
Our latest dates from the city of Mexi
co reach to the 24th ull.
San a Anna. — The Mexican Congress
has passed the following lesolutions re
specting the distinguished expatriated gen
eral :
1. Gen. D. Antonio Lopez de Santa
Anna shall inform the Supreme Govern
ment, when he may judge in convenient,
of the time when he intends to return to
ihe Republic, aud the point at which he
will debark.
2. The Government shall impart to
Congress whatever information may be re
ceived, in order that proper measures may
be taken for the preservation of order and
iranquility.
3. Should Gen. Santa Anna return to the
Republic, it is necessary that he should
previously express hisdetermination to do
so, and be furnished with a copy of tltese
resolutions.
4. The Government shall take especial
care to bring this decree tothe knowledge
of Gen. Santa Anna.
Cal font a. —On the 20th and 24th of
January, ninety-five pers ns, and among
them some women, left Mazatlan so. Cali
fornia.
Chiapas. —The war of castes has re
commenced with great violence at Chia
pas.
Tamaulipas. —On the 9th ult., Gen. Ro
mulo de la Vega assumed at Tampico the
mi itary command of the State of Tamau
lipas.
1 era Cruz. —TheGovernorof the State
has recommended to the Legislature the
establishment of a philanthropic institu
tion for artisans. A project has also been
brought forward to establish a college in
Jalapa.
American Volunteers. —El Monitor com
plains ot the outrageous conduct of (lie
Araeri -an volunteers, who remain in the
city. It is said they commit robbery, and
many excesses of the worst character.
The Route to California. —We extract
the following from El Monitor. Itmaybe
ot interest to ilie Califoriba-seekers.
1 he proprietor of the stage or coach
lines in the Mexican Republic, in conse
quence of the emigration to the Califor
nias and for the knowledge of those per
sons to whom the following may interest,
makes known :
That he has a stage or di igence line
running from the port of Vera Cruz to
the city of Guadalajar, ( capital of the
State of Jalisco,) situated at about 200
miles from San Bias and 350 from Mazat
lan, both harbors in the Pacific Ocean, at
which the U. S. steamers of the regular
line will touch, and where vessels of all
nations use to put into.
The distance between Vera Cruz and
Guadalajara is about 800 miles, and the
trip takes 11 days. The total amount of
cost is $139 50.
In this last place it is easy to find horses,
See., to be hired to continue to San Bias,
and at more reasonable prices than in Ve
ra Cruz, resulting that those persons tak
ing the stage can make the journey from
Vera Cruz to San Bias in 16 or 17 days,
for little more or less than $l6O.
FROM TEXAS.
Gen. Worth’s March for the Gila.
We learn from the Galveston Civilian, that
the distinguished Col J. C. Hays arrived
at that place < it the 4th iris ~ from San An
tonio. Col. Hays informs the Civilian
that the troops under Gen. Worth, one
Regiment and tlnee Companies, will not
leave Sun Antonio until the middle of
April, and that they will finally take up
the line of march from Fredericksburg to
El Passo and the liver Gila, on the route
to California, on the Ist of May. The
Mexicans and Indians are already bring
ing in large numbers of horses and mules.
Gen. Worth will afford every protection
and proper aid to emigrants; and an
nounces that he will take pleasure in re
ceiving all who may offer, only asking that
they will provide themselve- with proper
supp ies for the route. The army and
those who accompany it, will, it is estima
ted, be forty or fifty days on the road o
El Passo, as the design is to move leisur
ly, iti order to avoid fatigue to the men
and animals. At El Passo they halt sev
eral days to recruit their strength and pro
visions. Flour, beef, horses, and mutes
are abundant and cheap at that point; and
it is thought that there will be no difficul
ty in obtaining all that may be desired.
Ihere are also other points between that
place and California where provisions
may bo obtained. Col. Hays g es as guide
tithe army as fur as the Gila, but does
not ex, ect, at present, to go on to Califor
nia. He says there is no difficulty about
the road, and that wagons can be taken
with ease. Os course the army carries a
latge number.
A meeting was held at Houston, a few
days since, on the subject of California
emigration, and the routes to the gold re
gion, etc. Resolutions were passed in
favor of the establishment of a national
thoroughfare from the Gulf of Mexico to
the Pacific.
Fifty-two California emigrants arrived
at Galveston on the Ist, by the ship Tra
vis, from New York.
We are sorry to learn that the Cholera
has assumed a virulent form at Browns
ville— the number of dea'hs being eight or
ten per dav, out of a population of about
seven hundred. l)r. Stephen Smith and
Mr. P. Y iolett, of Galveston, are reported
as among the victims. Col. Louis P. Cooke
and wife are also dead-
A public meeting was held at Huntsville
a few days since, to make an expression
of opinion relative to the agitation in Con
gress on the subject of slavery, and in res
ponse to the address issued by the South
ern members of Congress on that subject.
Extraordinary Surgical Operation.
—We have been kindly furnished with
ihe following paiticulars of a surgical op
eration perf lined on Monday las;, by Dr.
D W. Hammond of Culloden, upon a
young man by the name of Jam s Morris,
residing.in Butts county. This young
man, now about twenty-two years of age,
had been afflicted with gravel in the blad
der, from his birth, and has suffered unmit
igated pain, which has continued to in
crease in intensity,until his case becoming
very critical, Dr. Hammond was called in,
who, after consulting with several respec
table physicans, de ermined on Lithotomy.
The operation lasted forty-five minutes,
in consequence of the large size of the
stwne. It adhered to the bladder,and was o'
such a size as to render it necssary to crush
and break it before it could be extracted.
After being thus crushed, the largest piece
weighed near two ounces. The broken
fragments after being carefully collected,
washed clean,and thoroughly dried,weigh
ed a little over four ounces, making in all,
the exiraordinary and incredible weight of
six ounces. A considerable number of
par icles were lost on the floor and in the
yard, where they were washed, and had
the whole been carefully preserved, they
would d.-übtless have weighed six and a
quarter or six and a ball’ ounces. We
wete shown the stone, and fragments, and
have never seen any thing of the kind to
compare with it. The young man, we
understand, is doing as well as could be
expec ed under the circumstances, and
strong hopes are entertained of his entire
restoration to health. —Forsyth Bee.
Notice to tile Public and Instruction* to
Post Masters,
Relative to the Rating of Letters, the Return of
Dead Letters, Transient Acwsyujjcrs, and the
the Rost marking of Letters conveyed by the
Lettish and Lotted states /ntcrnatiunul Jdaiis
Hereafter, when a letter exceeds an ounce in
"eight, bul does not exceed two ounces, it will
he rated with lour charges of single postage;
when it exeeeds Iwo ounces, but does not exceeu
three, it will he rated with six charges of single
postage ; and so on, there being a single postage
lor the first halt ounce, a double charge tor the
first ounce, and charges for each
succeeding ounce, or fraction of an ounce, be
yond ihe first ounce. Tins is ordered in virtue
ot ihe pr.. visions ot an act of Congress, approved
March 3, 1849.
And, in pursuance of the same act, it is re
quired that letters which are refused at the office
ot delivery, by the parlies addressed, and tellers
which, tor any oilier cause, cannot he delivered
lo said parties, shall be immediately returned to
the Dead Letter Office in Washington, under ad
dress to ihe Third Assistant I’ost Master Gen
eral, without waiting the time for advertising, as
heretofore required in relation to this class ol
dead letters. They must in every ease be mark
ed In red ink on the face, with an entry showing
they are refused, or the cause that prevents then
delivery; alsos.ampedvvt.il the stain of ottice,
and, with a view to the proper adjustment ot
the accounts, be placed under post-bill to the
Dead Letter Ottice.
4 rascieni newspapers (that is, papers not sent
from theoii.ee of publication) wtil hereafter be
subject, in virtue of the act aforesaid, to tlie
general newspaper postage rate only ; that is,
one cent lor any distance in the same State, and
one-and-a-halt cent for any distance exceeding
one hundred miles, where the newspaper is sent
from one Slate into another, but postage on
such newspapers is in all cases to be prepaid, as
heretofore.
in respect to British mails, where the official
postage entries on the letters received are in red
ink, the letter is to be considered as paid, and is
lo he delivered accordingly ; where in black ink,
as unpaid, and the postage is to he col fee ted
i'oslage 111 such cases is either wholly paid or
wholly unpaid. The postage figures on such
letters show, on the paid letters, the amount lo
he ciedi.ed tothe United stales; on the unpaid
letters, the amount charged to ihe United Slates.
1 lie postage to be rollected from unpaid British
let eis is in ull eases to be, whatever maybe
their credit or debt figures, twenty four cents
when single, with an additional twenty-four
cents lor each additional rate, and, af er the first
ounce, each It; ter exceeding that weight is lo he
charged forty-eight cents for each additional
ounce or fraction of an ounce.
J- UOLLAMER, Posttnns er Geneial.
Post Office Department, March 15, 1849.
Siiakspf.are and Bacon. —There is as great
a difference between Sbakspenre and Bacon, as
between an American forest and a London lim
ber yard. In the timber yarn, the materials are
sawed, and squared, and set across , in the for
est, we have the natural form of the tree, all its
leaves, all its branches; all the mosses that
grow about it, all the birds and insects that in
habit it; now deep shadows absorbing the whole
wilderness; now bright, bursting glades, with
exuberant grass and flowers and fruitage; now
untroubled skies ; now terrific thunder storms ;
every where mutiformity, every where immen
sity.
Envy. — When a statue had been erected to
Theogenies, a celebrated victor in one nf the
public games of Greece, by his fellow citizens
3 Itasos, we are lold that it excited so strongly
the envious hatred of one of his rivals, that lie
went to it every night, and endeavored lo throw
it down by repeated blows, till at last, unfor
tunately successful, he was crushed to death be
neath its lull. This, if we consider the self
consuming misery of envy, is truly wha hap
pens to every envious man. He may, perhaps,
throw down his rival’s glory, but he is crushed
in his soul beneath the glory which he overturns
Always Have Some Work in Hand. —ln"
dustry is the parent of wealth; and it is n bad
sign when people have nothing to do.—ln such
cases it is best to find employment at once in
seeking it. But in the multiplicity of things to
be done in this world, it is rarely possible to be
placed, except by clteice, in a do-nothing posi
tion It is the influence of vice and bad babits
which so often creates a distaste for our real du
ties, and in fact unfits us for their performance.
Stick, therefore, to the maxim, ‘ Always have
some work in hand.’
A Lesson to Students. —What you know,
know thoroughly. There are few instances, in
modern times, of a rise equal to that of Sir Ed
ward Sugden. After one of the* Weymouth
elections, I was shut up in a carriage with hint,
for twenty-four hours. I ventured to ask him
what was the secret of his success. Ilis answer
was, “ I resolved, when beginning to read law,
to make every thing I acquired perfectly mv
own, and never to go to a second thing till I had
entirely accomplished the first Many of my
competitors read as mu<-h in a day as I read in a
week ; but at the end of twelve months, my
knowledge was as fresh as on the day it was ac
quired, while theirs had glided away from their
recollection.”
MACON, G A .
SATURDAY MDItNING, MARCH 24,
Fat al AcaDJ^tT--— We regret to state tiling
Wednesdayiteil^iqtpteb« jr five or six years old
son of Mr.-'l.-Cwwge' Ifern of this city, while
playing roui&k leaning against Mr. R ev .
nolds’ Fourthly up«et it and was caught under
neath, killing4ii«Pstantly. Let this he a war
ning to parent! wlceep their children away f roil ,
such places.
UNION AMONG OURSELVES.
The events of the last Congress and those now
transpiring at the North, we think should attract
the attention of the people of the South to en
deavor to cast aside all mere party divisions and
unite heart and hand to protect our own peculiar
institutions. If there ever was a time since the
formation of our government when a unity of
action was necessary in this respect, that time ii
now. We are no advocate for excessive section
al prejudices, but in a government like ours
composed of various confederated States, with
conflicting interests and opposite industrial pur
suits, those who fail to support their own, will
find them neglected, and if they be antagonistic
tothe others, will see them gradually undermin
ed, until not a vestige shall remain of that foun.
dation upon which was built the whole su
perstructure of their State's prosperity. The
proof of this fact is, that the section of the Union
which has most steadily looked to its own inte
rest, which in the conflict of politics, has never
forgotten its individual aggrandizement, has far
outstripped the rest in the race of improvement,
and beeu most peculiarly benefitted by federal
legislation. We mean the Northern States.
New England for instance, embracing but a
small portion of our national territory, has by
closely looking to her own interest, beenenahled
to induce our federal legislature always to en
courage her own peculiar interests, and the ef
fect has been to advance her in the road to pros
perity, far beyond her sister States. Why should
not we of the South be animated by a like desire
to advance our own interests ? Why should we,
by divisions amongst ourselves, destroy the effect
of a united effort to protect our rights and benefit
the beautiful land we live in? The effect of this
difference is now appearing manifest from the
the consequences likely to flow from the late
action of Congress upon the slavery question, by
increasing lire zeal of the anti-slavery men at
the Nor'lt, and checking the moral influence of
the South by creating divisions amongst whom
none should exist. The time is fast approach
ing when the influence of the South in the na
tional councils will be greatly weakened if not
powerless, unless a more perfect unity of action
in relation to her peculiar institutions prevails.
That there is a settled purpose at the North to
prevent the further extension of slavery in the
Territories of the Union, wc think few if any
will deny, and whenever the time arrives to set
tle this question, we have no doubt the South
will not only be given to understaud the true
sentiments held there against her rights in this
respect, but made to feel her powerless condition
caused in a great measure by her failing to em
brace the opportunity presented at the last ses
sion of Congress of securing at least a portion of
her rights and political power. The cen.-us to
be taken next year will undoubtedly show a vast
preponderance in favor of the non-slaveholding
States, and consequently against the South with
regard to the all-important slavery question.—
The acts of the last Congress go conclusively to
prove that the rights of the South on the subject
of slavery cannot be safely intrusted to them; nor
indeed are or ought they to be. The conduct
displayed in Congress during the last session
was only a revised edition of the injustice in
flicted upon the South in this respect for the last
fifteen or twenty years ; and should teach all
parties at the South to stand firm and united in
defence of her rights and peculiar institutions.
Already is the abolition of slavery in Kentucky
and even Tennessee become a mooted question ;
and the influence of a powerful name, hitherto
viewed partially sound on this subject, cast in
favor ofits being carried out in the first named
State. And yet, with these facts before them a
large portion of the people of the South are dis
posed to wait further developments and say
“ there is no danger.” Well, we may see,
when perhaps our fate will he like that of
Samtson of old.
We would be happy to see the people of the
South united in defence of their rights nnd inte
rests. We would that we could see the citizens
of Georgia as they were in 1824 and ’25, manfully
maintaining her rights nnd teaching all our repre
sentatives at home and at Washington to assert
nnd protect them. This is the spirit we would
see once more aroused amongst us, in order to
restrain and drive hack federal encroachments
upon our rights. We would see our State, and
the whole South, not captiously seeking for
causes of complaint, nor yet tamely submitting
to her interests being neglected or encroached
upon by Congress. Wo would have this so, be
cause wc sincerely desire the permanence of tho
Union, and tho perpetuity of our inestimable
blessings of liberty, which can alone be done by
observing the balances so admirably established
by our forefathers at the formation of our gov
ernment. No system of government having far
its object the oppression of one section to aggran
dize the other, will long be tolerated by a peo
ple, who, knowing their rights, dare maintain
them We look upon the slavery question as
one of deep and abiding interest to us—and not
withstanding its having been drawn into it, by
intriguing politicians, as one eminently above
mere party considerations. In con -fusion wo
repeat that as in this confederacy there are a va
riety of interests, those who neglect to protect
their own, will in the end find them in jeopardy
if not entirely destroyed. Plans have been put
forward to unite us in defence of our rights in
this respect, therefore it is necessary for us to
examine and decide which is the. best course to
pursue ; nnd, laying aside all party predilections
or personal considerations, let us therefore pre
pare to show an unbroken phalanx in tin; asser
tion and maintainance of our rights in relation to
this subject—which will teach Congress to be
ware how it ctvsroaches upon the reserved rights
of the p«op!4.*§t