Below is the OCR text representation for this newspapers page.

i ,, r c I have forgotten ; fur the sub- .V",, 1 , detail 11.'“ nearly escaped m\ ,, rV . We dillbred with the honor- "'I'H.'.’crrtarv, almost in every respect w Unfitted indeed the propriety o( ‘dine well with Spain, but suppost rfit accomplish that end at least on ' \ d terms. We considered the stipu- 1'1'ion to forbear the use, as a species of i ilcr, that should never lie countcnanc- I in t|„. councils of the American states, e .' j t in j u lit tend to the destruction of Sl ''j,,ty itself; for n forbearance of the te of one river, might lend unto more , 'pii-ivc consequences—to that of the fl, e ;a[)cake, the Potowmack, or any -her of the rivers that emptied intuit. short, that the. councils of the con- vJcracv should be conducted w ith more ^rnanimitv und candor, they should co'nteniphite the benefit of all parts u pon common principles, and not the sacrifice of one part for that of another. There appeared to us a material difference be tween stipulating by treaty to forbear the „ ie< ami not being aide to open the river : The former would he considered by the ^habitants of the western country as an Jet of hostility : the latter might lie jus tified bv our inability. And with res- nirt to tlie commercial part of tlie pro- j, cti vv e really thought it an ill-ath ised on-\ solely on its own merits. Thus was this project brought before Congress, and so far as 1 recollect, in tin:, form, and upon these, principles. It was the subject of tedious and lengthy discussion in that honorable body. Every distinct measure that was taken, I do not mar remember, nor do I suppose it of consequence. 1 have shewn the out lines of the transaction, which is, if I apprehend rightly, all that.the committee iusIi to possess. The communications tii'the secretary were referred to a com mittee of tlie whole house. The dele gates of the seven easternmost states voted that the ultimata of the secretary’s in-tructions, be repealed ; which was re ported to the house, and entered on the journal by the secretary of Congress, "that the question was carried. Upon this entry, a constitutional question arose to this effect: “Nine states being ne cessary, by tlie federal constitution, to give an instruction, and seven having repealed a part of an instruction so given for the formation of a treaty with a fo reign power, so ns to alter its import, and authorize, under the remaining part thereof, tho formation of a treaty, on principles altogether different from what tho said instruction originally contem plated—can such remaining part be con- si lereJ as in force, and constitutionally obligatory ?” We pressed on Congress for a decision on this point often, but without effect. Notwithstanding this. 1 understood it was the intention of the se cretary to proceed and conclude a treaty in conformity to his project, with the minister of Spain. In this situation I ieft Congress—What I have since heard, be longs not to me to discov-r, Other gen tlemen have more complete information of this business, in the course it has taken than l can possibly have been able to obtain: for having done my duty whilst there, 1 left it for others who succeeded me to perform theirs, and I have made but little further enquiry respecting it. The animated pursuit that was made of this object, required, and l believe re ceived, as firm an opposition. The southern states were on their guard, and warmly opposed it. For my part, 1 thought it my duty to use every effort in Congress for the interest of the south ern states. But so far as depended on me, ivith my official character, it ceased. With many of those gentlemen, to whom 1 always considered ii as my particular misfortune to be opposed, I am now in Eibits of correspondence and friendship; and I am concerned for the necessity which has given birth to this relation. Whether the delegates of those states spoke the language of their constituents; whether it may be considered as the permanent interest of such stales to de press the growth and increasing popula tion of the western country, are points, which l cannot pretend to determine. I must observe, however, that I always supposed it would, for a variety of rea sons, prove injurious to every part of the confederacy. These are well under stood. and need not he dilated on here. If, however, such should be the interest h- seven states, let gentlemen contem plate the consequences in the operation °1 the government, as it applies to this Subject, I have always been of opinion, sir, that the Americans, as to all natural objects, had in every respect a common interest. Few persons would be willing to bind them together by a stronger or r P orp indissoluble bond, or give the na tional government more powers than my 1 only wish to prevent it from do- mg harm, either to states orindividuals; nnd the rights and interests of both, >n a variety of instances, in which they arc now left unprotected, might, in my opinion, he belter guarded. If l have mistaken facts, honorable gentlemen will correct me. If 1 omitted any, as it lias not been intentional, so 1 shall be happy II ’ ^ u *ir assistance to supply the defect. "'• •Il-iiiroc added several other ob- vat ‘ 01 } 5 ’ the purport of which was, la ‘I 10 interest of the western country 0, ild not be secure under the proposed constitution, as under the confederation ; ocause under the latter sv a tcm, the ; - , . s . s,ss ‘Ppi could not be relinquished „ 1 mu , the consent of nine states, where- * } the former, he said, a majority, or { '° n states, could yield it. His own pinma was, that it would he given up .l ’^majority of the Senators present in . j ,<: 'mtc, with the president, which 'ini put it in the power of less than s,nt( ” 5 to surrender it. That the north P,n S tafes were inclined to vield I hat it was th eir interest to prevent an augmentation ofthe southern influence and power; and unit a- mankind in gen eral, and states in particular, wen: ’go verned by interest, the northern states would not tail of availing themselves of the opportunity given them by the con stitution, of relinquishing that river, in order to depress the western country, and prevent (lie southern interest li Jm preponderating. Mr. Grayson.—Mr. Chairman—The honorable gentleman was mistaken when lie supposed that I said seven states had absolutely voted to surretide r the navi gation of the Mississippi. I only spoke ofthe general disposition of the “tales, which Inlledgcd to he actuated by inter est. That consequently the cnrrving states were necessarily inclined against the extension of the interest and influ ence ofthe productive states, and that therefore they would not favor any mea sure to extend the settlements to tlie westward. I wished not to enter into this discus sion for the reasons mentioned by my honorable friend. Secrecy was requir ed on this subject. 1 told Congress, that imposing secrecy, on such a great occasion, was unwarrantable. However, as it was not given up, 1 conceived my self under some restraint. But since it has come before the committee, and they desire to develope the subject, 1 shall stand excused for mentioning what I know of it. My honorable friend gave a very just account of it, when he said that the southern states were on their guard, and opposed every measure tend ing to relinquish or wave that valuable right. They would not agree to negoti ate, hut on condition, that no proposition whatever should be made to surrender that great right. There was a dispute between this country and Spain, who claimed one halfof Georgia, nndone half of Kentucky, or if not that proportion, a very considerable part, as well as the absolute and exclusive navigation of the Mississippi. The southern states thought that the navigation of the Mississippi should not be trusted to any hands, but those in which the confederation had placed the right of making treaties.— That system required the consent of nine states for that purpose. The Se cretary for Foreign Affairs was empow ered to adjust the interfering claims of Spain and the United States, with tie Spanish minister, but as my honorable friend said, with an express prohibition of entering into any negoeiation tint would lead to the surrender of that river. Affairs continued in this state for some time. At length a proposition was made to Congress, not directly, but by a sub wind. The first proposal was to take qT the fetters of the secretary. When tU: whole came out, it was found to be i proposal to cede the Mississippi to Spnit for 25 or .'30 years, (for it was in tht disjunctive) in consideration of cerlaii! commercial stipulations. In support o| this proposal, it was argued, that th right was in him who surrendered, and that their acceptance of a temporary reJ linquishmcr.t, was an acknowledgm^rl of our right, which would revert to ofc at the expiration of that period—that wt- could not take it by war; that the thing was useless to us, and that it would be wise and politic to give it up, as wc were to receive a beneficial compensation for that temporary cession. Congress, after a great deal of animosity, came to a reso lution, which, in my opinion, violated the confederation. It was resolved by seven states, that the prohibition in the secretary’s instructions should be repeal ed: whereby the unrepealed part of his instructions authorized him to make a treaty, yielding that inestimable naviga tion, although by the confederation, nine states were necessary to concur in the formation of a treaty ! How then could seven states constitutionally adopt any measure, to which, by tlie constitution, nine, states were only competent ? It was entered on the journals, and transmitted to the secretary of foreign affai rs, for his direction in his negoeiation with the Spanish minister. If I recollect rightly, by the law of na tions, if a ncgociator makes a treaty, in consequence of a power received from a sovereign authority, non-compliance with his stipulations is a just cause for war.— The opposition suggested, (whether wrong or not, let this house determine) that this was the case :—That the pro ceeding was repugnant to the principles and express letter of the constitution, and that if the compact which the secre tary might form with the Spanish min ister should not be complied with, it would he giving Spain n just cause of quarrel. So tlint we should be reduced to the dilemma of cither violating the constitution by a compliance, or involv ing us in war by a non-compliance. The opposition remonstrated against these transactions (and their remonstrance was entered on the journal) and took every step for securing this great national right. In the course of debates in Con gress on this subject, which were warm and animated, it was urged that Congress, by tlie law of nations, had no right, even with the consent of nine states, to dis member the empire, or relinquish any part of the territory appertaining to the aggregate society, to any foreign power. Territorial dismemberment, or the re linquishment of any other privilege, is the highest act of a sovereign power.— The right ofterritorv hnsever been con sidered a« most sacred, arid ought to be guarded in the most particular and cau- t’ious manner. Whether that navigation be secure on thi« principle, by the new constitution, I will not pretend to deter mine. 1 will, however, say one thing. It is not well guarded under tlie old sys tem. A majority of seven states are dis posed to yield it. 1 speak not of an particular characters. I have the ch^rj- (!m roue lily recollect every circumstance re l.t_ TJnf fhurn Wiia hf 1 ' lace of cotton yet Steam-Boat, if it comes at all, may arrive, as it did last year, just in time to warrant na unfavor able report of the navigation. One ad vantage however will be gained by the delay ; our citizens will have abundant time to prepare their anniversary dinner to the 'Engineer, with the accompnny- inont of tire-works and the ascent of a balloon, if we can muster among us skill enough to construct one. . To be serious however, if the Company expect to hold unimpaired the privileges they claim, tlie grant ot which ivas obtained by the gross est misrepresentation and deception, it behoves them not to trifle with the com munity nor with any large portion of it. ly to Suppose that all mankind act on the I der, and there is almndat best motives. Suffice it for me tc tell to ln . carrio( , off> The « direct and plain (acts, and leave fhe con- , „ elusion with this honorable house. It has been urged by iny honorable friend Cm the other side, (Mr. Madison) that the eastern states wore averse to surrender 4i during the war, and the southern stales proposed it themselves, and wished to yield it. My honorable friend last up lias well accounted fort his disgraceful offer, and I will account for the refusal of the eastern slates to sur render it. Mr. Chairman, it is no new thing to you to discover these reasons. It is well known, that the Newfoundland fisheries and the Mississippi are balances for one another —that the possession of one tends to the preservation of the other. This accounts for the eastern policy. They thought that if the Mississippi was given up, tin' southern states would give up the rights ofthe fishery, ou which their very existence depends. It is not extraordin ary therefore, while these great rights ofthe fishery depend on such a variety of circumstances, the issue of war, the success of negociations, and numerous other causes, that they should wish to preserve this great counterbalance.— What has been their eonduct since the peace? When relieved from the appre hensions oflosing that great advantage, they became solicitous ofsecuring a su periority of influence in the national •ouncils. They looked at the true in terest of nations. Their language has been—“ Lei us prevent any vera stales from rising in the western world, or they will out-vote us—we will lose ovr impor tance, and become as nothing in the scale of nations. If we do not prevent it, our countrymen will remove to those plaecs. instead of going to sea, and we will receive no particular tribute or ailvantagefroin them.” This, sir. has been the language k spirit oftheir policy & I suppose ever will. The Mississippi is not secured under the old confederation ; hut it is better secured by that system than by the new constitu tion. By the existing system, nine states are necessary to yield it. A few states can give it away by ibe paper on your table. But I hope it will never be put in the power of a less number than nine states. Jersey, we are told, changed her temper on that great occasion. 1 believe that that mutability depended on characters. But we have lost another state—Maryland.—For, from fortuitous circumstances, those states deviated from their natural character—Jersey in not giving up the right of the Mississippi, and Maryland in giving it up. Whatever he their object, each departed from her natural disposition. It is with great re luctance l have said any thing on this subject, and if I have misrepresented facts, 1 wish to be corrected. Mr. Henri/ then arose, and requested that the.honorable gent leman (Mr. Monroe)would discover tlfr- rest of the project, and what Spain was to do i n her part, as an equiva lent. Ibr the cession of the Mississippi. , Mr. .Momrie.—Mr.-Chairman.— 1 do not Washington Citv, Feb. 14. From one or two articles in the Rich mond Enquirer, last received, we gath er that there is some excitement among the Members of. the General Assem bly of Virginia, now in session, on tlie rumor, from Washington, of a project being on foot for a compromise on con- llictingopinions, in Congress, on the Mis souri question. There was, a few even ings ago, a meeting of members of the Legislature, to nominate fit persons to compose the Republican ticket of Elec tors of President and Vice-President of the United States, at the ensuing elec tion. That meeting adjourned, without effecting this object, to n future dav, with the avowed-intention of awaiting, before they came to a nomination, furth er information from Washington res pecting the Missouri question. What bearftg this question is to have on the approaching Presidential Electi on, we are yet to understand ;* though this is not the first intimation we have seen, in the public prints, of a relation ofthe one question to the other. But, since the subject of compromise is inen- tionedTit rtlay be proper to state, that there has been a good deal of conversa tion among-the members of Congress on this subject; and that there are some of those, most decidedly opposed to inter fering with tho Constitution of a newstate in the mode proposed, who are not adverse to a prohibition of the future transportation of slaves into the Tcrrito- riesot'the United States—meaning there by the territory not included within any of the States of the Union. This is what is spoken of as a compromize. What will he the result, however, of this whole proceeding, is at present entirely uncertain. Haling mentioned the opinions in Congress on the Missouri question, this may be a fit occasion to 'say a few words respecting the a nte in the Senate on the motion of Mr. Roberts to recommit the report ofthe committee who recommen ded the union of Maine and Missouri. We were, at the time, under the im pression, that all the Members of the Senate who voted on that question in the tommcrdal intercourse between the United negative, were in lavor oi States and Spain. Wo were to be allowed to carry our produce to the ports of Spain,, and the Spaniards to have an equal right of trading hither. It was stipulated, that there should he a reciprocity of commercial inter courses and benefits between the subjects of Spain, and the citizens of the United S fates. The manufactures of Spain were to be free ly imported and vended in this country, and our manufactures to lie carried to Spain, izc. without obstruction, and both parties were to have mutual privileges in point of com mend it intercourse and connection. This, sir, is the amount of the project of Spain, which was looked upon as advantageous to us. I thought myself, that it was not. I considered Spain as being without manu factures—as the most slow in the progress of arts, and the most unwise with.rasped to commerce, of all nations under the sun, (in which respect I thought Great-Blit tin the wisest.) Their gentlemen and nobles look on commerce with contempt. No man of character among them will undertake it.— They make little discrimination with any nation,. Their charttetcr is to shut out all nations, and exclude every intercourse wit- them, and this would be the case with re spect to us. Nothing is given to us by this project, hut what is given to all other nations. It is bad policy and unjustifiable on such terms to yield that valuable right. Their merchants have great stocks in trade. It is not so with our merchants. Our people re quire encouragement. Mariners must he encouraged. On a review of these circum stances, I thought the project unwise, and impolitic. In the last page of our paper, there are some curious calculations by tlie “Pennsyl vania Society for the promotion and encou ragement of national industry,” tending to shew the extravagant profits of European manufacturers, and that a single hale of cot ton may be so managed as to produce, in 20 months, a sum sufficient to buy all the ex ports ofthe United States. Why then d* not these expert calculators avail themselves ofthe advantages to he derived from so lu crative a business ? The American manu facturer ran purchase the cotton here at fifty cent, less thau it costs in Europe, he- duties on importation, and yet craves additional protection against the com petition of foreign traders! That kind of do mestic. manufacture which can he advantage ously carried on in every family, we wish to see flourish—it requires no'protecting duties for its support—no unjust tax on others to secure it against foreign competition. per pays the unhappy, rein re (lie distrrssr s of the wi dow ik. orphan, f: protect virtuous suffering. But on this occasion, when we feel ourselves called upon to extern! a helping hand to che rish ihe houseless wanderer and alleviate the sufferings ot th" unfortunate victims of unforeseen calamity, awakened ns we are, by the impulsive throh of active benevo lence, we do not require the arbitrary in spiration of duty to teach us how to art- more especially when we call 'r> mind, that Savannah lias always stood foremost in acts of hospitality and benevolence, and that a portion of its inhabitants are now themselves the victims of misfortune. £ * h reflections are well calculated to call forlli all the ten der feelings which enoble the heart of man, and awaken the soul to aetion. Therefore be it further resolved, That the sum ot one hundred dollars he appropriated from the funds of this Lodge, towards the relief of the suffering part of the citizen* of Savannah, occasioned by the recent calami ty. That Brothers Samuel Rockwell, John Howard and John Lucas he, and they are hereby appointed a committee to solicit do nations from the brethren belonging to the Lodge, and transmit the same, together with the sum'hereby appropriated in behalf of the same, with all practicable dispatch to the committee appointed by the corporati on ofthe city of Savannah io distribute the some. llxtrart fivm the Minutes, ARTHUR GINN, Secretary. fry* The remv-.ls of a correspondent .sign ed EQUAL RIGHTS, shall appear in our WVvoXuHviW, Prices Current AT MILLEDGEVILLE. Sugar, Muscovado, - - - 13 to 1(5 Do. I.oaf, 27 to 30 Do. Lump, - - Coffee, - - - - , Whiskey, - - - - N. E. Rum, - - Jamaica ditto,- - Cog. Brandy, - - Holland Gin, - - Iron, Swede*, - - Castings - - - - . Share Moulds, - - - 24 to 28 - - - 29 to 32 - - - 1)0 to 70 - - - (JO to 70 - I :")() to I 75 - - 2 50 to 300 - - 1 60 to 1 75 - - - - 7 1-2 to 0 1-2 - - - 9 to 10 - - - 9 to 10 COTTON 12 to 13 Freight to Darien - - - I 00 per cwt. ill union hi the two States in one. hill. We are now better informed & in consequence of the abuse levelled in some of the Eastern prints, at Mr. Paimore and Mr. Parrott, we think it proper to state, that those gentlemen are not in favor of the pro posed union; that they voted against Mr Roberts’ motion, because, in their opin ion, it would determine nothing, but would have the effect to procrastinate question which they preferred to meet directly, as already presented to the Senate by the report of the Judiciary committee. * If rce had the Yankee's privilege of guessing, we could furnish a e/ue tounru rel tins mystery, satisfactory to ourselves, if not to ethers—the rumoi of a compro mise of the Missouri Question, perhaps ex cited aord feeling from its being accom panied by information, that the President Mr. Monroe, had advised, and was en deavoring, through his Secretaries, to ef fect, suck a compromise.—Ed. Recorder. LONGITUDE, Sic. La Baronne l)e Paris Buisrnwvrav h arrived in England from Paris, charged with n commission to present to the Admiralty Board, a theory of lit* compass, wl»i( h gives the longitude and k.titnde of the globe, for the discovery of which the whole world has so long look d. The husband of this lady has sent Ins theory to the Academy at Paris llis wife’s mission to London was to prt vent delay, as well as to have a trust worthy a- gent. Tiie King of Sweden, according to advi ces from Berlin, has ordered lot) medals to be struck in gold, silver, and copper, in ho nor of a hundred individuals of all nations, who have, contributed to the civilization and improvement of mankind. Who are to compose this cententihal group of universal benefactors is not even hinted at. We understand trorn good authority, that General Jackson has presented to the Senate of the United States, through Mr. Pinkney of Maryland, a memorial in relation to the Report, upon the Se minole Question, made by a Committee from that body, during the last session in Congress.—Augusta Chronicle. Milledgeville, Lodge Room, January 22, 1820. AT a special meeting of Benevolent Lodge No. 32, On motion of Brother Rock well, Senior Warden, Rf.solvku, That we do most sincerely and deeply lament the dreadful catastrophe, which, on the morning of the 11th January inst. devastated tho commercial part of Sa vannah, and plunged a great portion of the inhabitants into misery and distreOlj—that in ordinary cases we deem it to he ah incum bent duty, imperatively enjoined upon us STATE OF GEORGIA. BY llis Excellency John Clark, Govern or and Commander in Chief of the Army and JYavy of this state, and of the Militia thereof. WHEREAS 1 have received informa tion from Abraham Allnend, Esq. She riff-of Hancock county, that ou tlie 4th inst. a certain Ransom Duke was appre hended by virtue of a states warrant for the murder of Britain Jones, and com mitted to the Jail of said county. And whereas I have this day received information from the Sheriff aforesaid, that the said Ransom Duke, did, on the night ofthe 7th ins', make his escape.— W hereupon I have thought proper to is sue this my proclamation,'hereby offer ing a reward of TWO HUNDRED noLLARri-TpVy on oWpersons who may apfiroficnp the saidJaitrisom Duke, and deliver tlsdgtisiiff or Jailor of saukktmnly'orJrTmmcKj in order that iie may undergo a trial ibr the crime of which lie is charged—And 1 do moreov er, hereby charge and require all offi cers, civil and military, to lie vigiler.t in endeavoring to apprehend the said Ran som Duke, if to be found in this state. Given under my hand, and the Great Seal ofthe state, at the State-House in Millodgeville, this 22d day of February, in the year of our Lord Eighjpen hundred and twenty, anil in the forty fourth year of tlie Inde pendence of the United Stales of America. JOHN CLARK. P.y the Governor. ABNER HAMMOND, Secretary of State. February, 29. 3—3t. flAHOSE indebted to the Corporation of S. Milledgeville, are requested to make- payment without delay. Suits will be. in stituted against all who fail to do so. R. S. GRIGSS, Treasurer. February 2!). 5—3t. (£/=• Tlie Toll-Bridge over the Oconee river, opposite Milledgeville, is nearly com pleted; carriages now pass it with safety. What has become ofthe Steam-Boat that was to ply regularly, when practi cable, between Darien L Milledgeville ? Our riper has beerf some time in fine or-1 by tlie sacred tenets of our order, to eoothc T\UU\.1S H AS JUST RECEIVED at his Book- Store i.i front of tlie Journal Office, in dditiuu to his former supply, the following BOOKS ....viz. Chitty’s Criminal Law; Comyn on Contracts; Modern Reports; Swift’s Evidence; Blake’s Chancery; Equity Draftsman ; Chilly on Bids; Riovcs’ History English Law, Sic; ALSO, Goldsmith's Animated Nature; Erskine-’s Speeches, fee; Subscribers to Bayne’s History of tn, ; French Revolution, are requested to call and get their copies, as they are now ready for delivery. February 29. 3—3t. FeY JtlSt Ihe AND OFFERED FOl Bradford, Hepburn £• Fine Hats; Bools and Calf-skin shoes ; 500 lbs Seine Twine ; and 15,000 lbs. Swedes Iron. February 29. 3—ft. F rom the subscriber on the night of the 24th inst. A BRIGHT BAY HORSE about Hi or 17 hands high, nicked tail and cropped ears, about 8 years old. It is pro bable he may endeavor to return to Kentuc ky, whe.no,, he was lately brought. Any per son who will deliver him to tlie subscriber shall be liberally rewarded. P. F. JAILLET. February 28 C- -It. \Vh\v»\vA Morgan, & Sow, Win, RECEIVE IN ALL NEXT WEEK, 50 Dvvsks TVvomafttoNvn. IAMB, AMD Tierces new cro^jTLicc, Which they will sell low, if taken from the Boat. February 29. 3—2t. B ROUGHT to Baldwin Jail on the 20th inst. a Negro boy, 17,-or 18 years old, l feet to inches high, has on white honfespuQ dothea of cotton and wool mixed, says he belongs to Mr, Cabaniss of Jones county, and that his name, is PHILIP. The owner is requested to pay ex peaces and take him, > away. / FRED: SANFORD, Jailor* ' l February HO. ^ ' ^7