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SOUTHERN RECORDER. sspm VOL. I. MILLEDCEVILLE, TUESDAY, JULY 11, 1320. Nd. 22. v PUBLISHED WEEKLY, (on- Tuesdays) HY S. GR.LYTMXl) It. M. O It MR, AT TIinrF. DOLLARS; IN ADVANrK, OR FOUR DOI.LARS AT THE EXPIRATION OF TIIK YEAn. B"p Advertisements conspicuously inserted at the customary rates. GERMAN PEASANTRY. Condition and Manners of the Utrman Pea- gantry. From Hodgkin's Travels in the North of Ger many ; London, 1H2U—a very instructive and well written Work. 1 have frequently made observations nil the manners of the bauers, and I shall here add something further on the subject. With the exception of some parts of Westphalia and of Oldenburg, they invariably Jive in villages. Their houses have very frequently tin: same form, and their insides are laid out somewhat in the same manner as those of Frie/laud, hut they arc smaller. At some particular corner, you find a crib bed for the man who looks after tin: horse, (when one is kept) and Ilia bedding consists as much of the provender of his cattle ns of blankets and sheets. In the hauer houses there is little other furniture than a stove, a stool, a table, and the cooking utensils. Chimneys are ve ry rare. The smoke finds its way out un der the roof, or at any hole it meets with, or it is deposited as tar and soot on the beams and rafters. Generally the houses arc. built of an oak frame, filled in with closely ram med clay or bricks. They have high thatch ed roofs. Fires arc very frequent in most parts of Germany, and,-owing to the man ner of building, when once they break out, it is almost impossible to stop ihern. The go vern licnt of Hanover has commanded that houses shall be built of bricks, and covered with tiles. But a family which cannot com mand these materials, must not, on that ac count, he left without a roof; and according ly, in spite of this command I have seen peo ple, afutr a fire, again building their houses with wood, and again thatching them witii straw. The Germans have now been collected in to towns for at least ten centuries, and still longer into villages, and one is almost tempt ed to believe that, in the latter, the same form of building is preserved which the first rude settlers adopted. The progress of man in all thearls which minister to the. comfort of life,is necessarily slow in those countries in which military foppery, operas, and learned trifling, is thought by him who rules the taste of the country, to be the only things worthy of his patronage. In such countries, the great mass »f the society have absolutely not enough common sense to know how to preserve themselves and their property. Their own wants and comforts arc the last tilings to which they can attend. All their time is oc cupied in ministering to the profusion and luxury of otliers. How rude and insecure is the*house of the hauer, and yet, after toil ing for ages, lie has neither means nor knowledge to build himself a more conven ient habitation.—The single fact, that the great mass of the productive part of tlig po pulation of Europe is involved in compara tive ignorance anil poverty, is a reproach to the class of men who have so long underta ken to guide them in the ways of knowledge &. wealth. The hauer, is not insensible, to bis interests, but he wants the means to follow it. Within a few years he has much im proved his agriculture ; he has adopted the cultivation of Tobacco and Potatoes, and he is only stupid and ignorant because he is de graded by the opinions of society. After these remarks, it must still he allowed, that a German bauer is somewhat superior to an English agricultural laborer; ami in com fort, and in the scale of civilization, he is much such, superior to an Irish peasant. Village roads corresponds with the. houses: When they do not lead to an amt-housf, they are in general most wretched. In the vicin ity of Hanover itself, they are sometimes so bad as almost to have the appearance of ca nals. In the villages and small towns, the Inhabitants of which arc agriculturalists, all the dung-hills are placed in the streets. A similar ,'‘Uti>m exists in France, and in some of the narrow streets there, the only road was over heaps of ••UoKing putrefaction. The ancient Germans are said to have respected their women al— and perhaps the poorer women, "dhout pow receiving this respect, continu i, Tne wives and the daughters ol the bauers, perform with them all the labors Of the farm. They dig. "’ and plough, and trash, just »‘ s tbt, "®“ d ,®| except that the men reserve to then.»elv s til Jazy nonor of going with their horses. But they do much more than the men, the > look after thejr houses and no sooner have they nothing else to do, than they turn to their spinning wheels, that always stand near them, ready to be used. Men may Lo, and very often arc, seen idling away their time, but it is a rare thing to sec an absolutely idle German peasant woman. ^Ihey qmte guage ; and would have been fully persuaded that the most expensive and least productive members of the family, hud no analogy with its mother. It is possible a necessary consequence of having so much to do, that the female pea santry arc by no means clean, either in their persons or their houses. Their hair appears only tn be. arranged for baptisms, marriages, and other leasts ; and at all other times to be matted, dishevelled, and dirty. Their clothes on working days, arc utterly neglected : they arc dirty, torn, and negligently put on.— They are generally short, have broad faces, with a want of expression ; and seem much Bills were forwarded to the liaintilf by mail, by the same person, from the same place, and duly secured by the Plaintiff; but, the live half Bills enclosed and di- rected-to him by mail, as aforesaid, on the 10th of August, never reached the Plaintiff, in consequence of the mail, in which they were, being robbed, and the letter and said half Bills feloniously tak en away by persons unknown. That the. Plaintifl thereupon caused the said half Bills which came to his hands, as aforesaid, to he shown and presented to more calculated for constant labor than fn: .the Bank of Defendants in Charleston, one moment's love. When the women ol Germany are collected in towns, they arc pretty and well made, and the female pea santry of the North are only ill favored from the labor they perform. It is perhaps im possible to calculate liovv much the happi ness of both sexes would be increased, if the Romm had only so much time to spare from their toil, as might he required to keep their person-? and their houses clean ; and so much knowledge as to enable them to know the value of doing this. When they go to church, or to market, they put on gay clothes, and hang their or naments in their ears : but as soon as they come home, the ornaments are carefully laid iwuy, the rags and the dirty clothes are a- gaiu resumed, as if they dressed themselves for the world, and nut for their families and friends. It is customary in winter evening! for the lasses to collect with their spinning-wheels at some one house, and the young men fol low then., to talk and amuse themselves.— They are. a social people, and such an as sembly is a pleasant sort of party, without any oi' the expense or brutality of drunken ness. Quietness, patience and submission, seen) eminently characteristics of the female pea santry. In their houses, or abroad, in the markets, where they collect in great num bers, cacti one bringing her own few o£gs,or fowls, or skeins of thread, or sausages, or whatever else she has to sell, you never see a quarrel, and sddmn hear a loud or angry word. There is the buzz of a multitude, hut no voice arises above it. All the peasantry can read and writ*— though they are said to use the latter only to record what money is due to them, and the former only to amuse themselves with those scandalous anecdotes, generally of the bar or of the church, which are thickly strew ed in the calendars. I have mixed with them as much as a stranger well could who did not understand their language, (for low Ger man, or some provincial dialect is wliut they speak ;) I have occasionally seen them read their bible, but never discovered any signs of much knowledge amongst them. I have heard of a journal kept by a bnuer in Mcck- lenburgh; (tut it may he doubted, with all the schools belonging to Hanover, to he after wards described, if the country ever did, or ever will produce, under the present form of government, such men as Bums, Bloomfield and Hogg. Talents and animation do not by any means belong to them. 1 always found them civil and friendly, but calm and dull. Wheth er I stopped to talk to them when they were at work, or met them in public houses, or entered their own dwellings, or had them as companions on any road, they always an swered all my questions very civilly, but without warn^'i, without, interest, and al most without remark. My being a perfect stranger, different from themselves, seem ed to cause very little surprise, and to call forth few questions. I have often told them I came from afar, and endeavored to excite their curiosity, hut it very rarely w ent be yond asking me what corn we grew in Eng land, or if our’s was not a fine rich land.— They are guilty of few errors or absurdities, are very humble before the am men arid their superiors'and rarely express any other dis content than at the dearness of what they have to buy, and the cheapness of what they have to sell. They are too regular and me chanical to allow any thing more to be said of them, than that they cat, drink, sleep, la bor, and speak, with a sort of sulky civility and composure. They have, one custom, which appears to have arisen from the services they were and arc still bound tn perform for their landlord, which is probably worth mentioning. So soon as a bauer grows elderly, and no lon ger well able to do all the active and labori ous part of the work, lie resigns his farm to his son, preserving to himsell a part ol the house and a certain income. lie can only preserve, however, a certain part of the house and income; and though he may divide what he has himself gained among his other clnl c! eii, ho cannot give from the. farm, Meyer Jf tl r ail y of the Stock, or implements neces sary’for its cultivation “ , * of regulation which makes the heir and Ins parents in a maimer independent of one an other, and not (infrequently sets discord be tween them. There can he no rules for the division of property which will ever he ol e dual value with leaving it entirely free, Jl ought to be disposed of at the discretion ol the owner. ritTwhat Schiller has said of them, which is in many points an accurate picture of thur employment. The following extract is from Schiller's Gcdichtc, I)as Lied von du G « The modest wife, the mother of the chil dren, governs wisely within the house ; she teaches the girls, a.ul cherishes the boys, and always employs her industrious hands, She adds to the gains hv her regularity, she fills veented chests with treasures, and spins hu thread by the buzzing wheel, and collects snow-white linen and glancing woo clean shining press. She unites ornament with usefulness, and never rests. The women not only work more, but they look more alter the business than the men. Their own linen, and vei y often the clothes worn by the family, even often the whole of the clothes worn by the family, even the coats of the men, are of their manufacture, nod the mother of a family in the country ol Germany, is the persons who both regulates it and whose labor feeds aud clothes it. llad the many governments of Germany, who now constantly call themselves paternal, on ly claimed the higher honor of being mater- na! governments, their subjects would long ^ ulaa j u i n g halves cflhc Saul ggo have discovered the iuuaivtt e. such luu 1 t Aft. FROM TUT. SUL lllERX 1‘ATRIOT. IMPORTANT LAW CASK. .1 vmts Pattov, jail. vs * State Bam,, State Bank vs. Hank or Sooth-Caroi-ina. This was an action ol a89u?npsit, tried before the Honorable the Recorder in the Inferior City Court of Charleston, May 10120; in which the Jury found a special verdict in the following words : “ We find that on the loth ot August, 1819, live halves of live Bank Bills, of the Bank of the Defendants, payable to bearer, and amounting together, before they werc ^k to the sum of one hun dred mid c“y dollars, the property of the Plaintiff, wffre enclosed by the agent of the Plaintiff i^l loiter which was lodged in the l’ofwlice at Salisbury and directed to the Plaintiff at Philadel phia ; that on the fifteenth of the same and full pay merit of the whole to be de manded of Defendants—lie, the said Plaintiff, offering at the same time to give a bond of indemnity to save the Bank harmless from any future liability to any one on the live other halves of the said Bills, which Plaintiff had been thus deprived of; that the Defendants refused to accept the indemnity offered, or to pay the half Bills as if they were whole—but offered, according to the custom of the State Bank in this city, (which custom we find exists) to pay Plaintiff ninety dollars, being the moiety of the whole live bills, which Plaintiff refused to accept. Now if the Court should be of opinion that if Defendants, by law, were liable to pay the whole of the said five Bills, upon the presentation of the said live half Bills, under the cir cumstances a/bresuid, we lind for the Plaintiff $ 1 CO witii interest from the time of the demand and costs ; but if, on the contrary, the Court should bo of opi nion that the defendants were not bound to pay the whole, unless the whole of the notes or Dills were presented for payment, then we find for Defendant- - , with costs.” _ On this verdict, Judgment was award ed for the Plaintiff, and a motion un made to reverse that Judgment, on the ground that the facts found entitled the Defendants to a Judgment, half notes being negociable under the custom estab lished by the verdict, at half their whole value. The following opinion of the Honora ble tlie Recorder, on the question made, accompanied the report. In determin ing the question arising under these spe cial verdicts, 1 shall not consider the ef fect which might he produced by an in demnity being given to the Defendants, nor shall 1 be inlluenced by the custom found to exist in the State Bank and tli Bank of South Carolina, of paying a moi ety of the amount of a Bill, when hull ol it is presented ; because 1 tliiiiK that tin Court cannot order, or judge of an in demnity ; neither can a verdict be given by the jury requiring the execution of such a condition. Nor is usage admissa blc to contradict or explain the meamu, ind import of a writing, the terms ol which arc unambiguous. The meaning of a Bank Note is to be collected from it ingnage ; its language is plain and not to be misunderstood ; its popular and technical import are the same, it must therefore be governed by the rules that relate to similar instruments. The only question then remaining is whether tii Defendants are bound to pay the whole amonntof’the Bills declared upon, under the circumstances found in the verdict upon the presentment of the halves un- iccompanied by any proof of the physi cal destruction of the other halves not produced. The Jurv have found that the halves not produced, have been stol en by persons unknown; as the Coni cal: intend nothing which is not contain ed in the verdict, the stolen halves mus lie regarded as being in existence. On the part of the Defendant, it is contend ed that the Plaintiffs cannot recover, un less they exhibit the. notes or prove their destruction, or shew that their negocia bility has ceased, and tins appears to me to be a correct presentment of the case If the negociability of the missing halves be destroyed, so that the Banks cannot be twice recurred to for their payment they run no risk in paying their total mount to the Plaintiffs, it would* there fore seem unreasonable, where the Banks arc absolved from this responsibi lity, that, the Plaintiffs admitted to be the bona tide owners of the Bills before they were divided, should nevcitlieless not he able to recover their amount—By the Defendants, it lias been said that a Bant Note is money, that in law it is regarded is such, and that there would h more, impropriety in subjecting a Bank to the payment of $ 100 upon the pro Jticlimi of half of a Notelof that deuoini nation, than in compelling it to give loll ir or a doubloon on tin production of a moieties of the coins. On the other hand, it is urged by Ike Plaintiff, that Bank Bill is an acknow ledgment of a debt due by the Bank to the Elder of it that in its nature it is not ftcgociabln, and cannot be so rendered la the Bank.— Roth of these positions appear to me to be incorrect. It is truii that a Bank Bill is generally received as money— that it passes as current as money, and that n tender in Bank Bills, in England if not objected to, is a legaltcnder. But general practice and conlenience will not change the nature of (lings. Notes of individuals are frequently taken and passed away as money, but’it will not be said that they me so; it is requisite that a tender, if demanded, should be made in money, and yet an objection to Bunk Notes is vulid, for the only reason that they are not money. Money, according to its legal import, in this country, is coined metal, current for specific u- mounts, by the authority of the govern ment. A Bunk Note is an evidence that a certain quantity of such coin is due to the holder of it, hut the bill and money differ as much from each other, as a title does from un estate, or the power from the fruition. That a Bank Bill is an ac knowledgment of a debt doe to the hold er *f it, must be admitted : but an obli gation of this nature is perfectly consist ent with negociability, and Bank Notes are as much negociable as any commer cial instruments with which we are ac- q minted, and a right of property in them is m fully transferred by udelivery, as in a jromis-ary note, payable to order, bv an endorsement. Upon the face of its bill, a Bank promises to pay the bearer a certain sum upon demand ; according to the contract, the bearer, when he asks for its payment, is bound to produce it. 'l'lic general rule is, that a person making a demand, should accompany it with the evidence of the debt, for the debtor lias a right to see bis obligation cancelled, or tn have it delivered to him when he is called upon to discharge it.— This is a rule applying to every species of obligation, but especially to a negoci able security, which may have legally been transferred to another, at the very time when the original payee makes bis demand for payment. But to blinost c- ery general rule there are exceptions ; the looks are fu|l of cases, where a par ty may recover who has lost the evidence of his claim, upon due proof of its having xisted, of its contents and of its loss—to this exception, there is again an excepti- that a negociable instrument is not deluded within it, because if it were, a editor might be twice obliged to discharge is debt, but if a negociable promissory note, not endorsed, lias been lost, as it is then divested of the nature of a negocia le paper, upon the proofs before men tioned, a suit can be maintained for its. recovery ; the same rule governs if negociable instrument has been destrov- Chitty 1G7, 2<1 Campbell 212 have as good a right of suit upon that, ns the Plaintiff upon the other half. 1 should speak with very great diffidence, when I said for the reasons before ex pressed, Hint it does not seem to inc that the conclusion of the English Judge is warranted by his premises, were I not sustained in this judgment by, the decisi on of two Judges of the Supreme Court of the United States, (published in a news-paper & in Niles’ Register) which are in Accordance with the views I have taken. I am, therefore, of opinion, that the Plaintiffs are entitled to recover from (lift Defendants the full amount of the bills they have declared upon, together with interest from the periods of their respective demands. Wm. DRAYTON. 12th May, 1620. fotiNsoN Judge, delivered the opinion of the Cour t:— 'The grounds on which this motion rests have been so fully audibly consi dered in the 1 earned opinion of the Jndge who tried the cause, in whose conclusi on the Court concur, that the expression of that concurrence is all that is left to the Court. 1 will remark, however, on the question as to the effect of cutting or severing the Note or Bill on its negocia bility—that the practice of cutting them for the purpose of transmitting them by different conveyances, bad its origin, un questionably, in an opinion that it des troyed its negociability ; so far, there fore. as usage could have any influence as to legal construction, it favours the conclusion that a severance of the Note destroys the negociability. But 1 am fully satisfied that such is the legal effect both on authority anJ principle. Ti.e motion is discharged. VV'e concur— • A. Nott,~ E. H.- Bay, J. S. Richardson. Dunkin', for Plaintiff. Priolf.au i: Gadsden, for defendants. YVHYEUJX. ed Does not the case before us come within the rca«on and principle of these excep tions. The bills were negociable when received by the Plaintiff, they have by no ict of theirs been transferred. Can the alves which are missing be rendered negociable by any act of the Plaintiff or of any ether person.' 1 No property in the whole notes cum bo vested in the pos sessor of the stolen halves; lie could not produce the evidence of his right— he never had the whole notes, and ex cepting in certain instances, within which his case is not embraced, to give authori ty to demand payment of a note, the note must be exhibited; lie cook) not prove the loss of the halves owned by the likiinliff, they are not lost ; he could not roi e a right of property in these h, lives, lie never had it ; he could not even ap- ear as the prinxn facie owner, posses sion is necessary for that purpose. Sup pose after the payment of those bills to the l’lainlilf, that the holder of the other halves should call upon the Bank, and ranting (which is very improbable) that he took the. missing halves in tne course of business, having given for them a valuable consideration, still lie would inld lhem with notice that the light to the amount of them might be in the pro prietor of the other halves, iz lie would consequently lie bound by every defence which could legally or equitably be in sisted upon against the finder or robber, because he would have accepted them under such circumstances as would ne cessarily set him upon an enquiry The individual from whom the receiver of these halves obtained them, might be li able to him, but not the Bank whose notes he never had. If the drawer of a negociable note have notice before pay ment that it is lost and nevertheless pay it, he does so at his peril, and if it turns out that the receiver of it had no title, the drawer will be liable to the realown- Lovcll vs. Martin, in Taunt, 799. This decision relates to a negociable in strument, in which as in the case of ; Bank Bill, the right of property wouh be prima facie in the holder. H a bill lie lost and found, the finder has no pro perty in it against the owner though he lias against all other persons : Salk, 426. Now the finder or possessor of the notes in question would he in the same situati on as the finder of the bill in the cast [from llic British Pass, April 2H.J Paris papers of Friday last have arrived at our otlice. It is very evident from many cir cumstances obscurely and indistinctly noti ced in the Spanish news contained in these papers, that there stiill exists in Spain an un easy feeling in the public mind, threatening, the tranquillity ofthu country with the most serious consequences. It would appear that certain persons, fancying themselves friends to the. king, have disseminated rumours par ticularly througout the. army, that Ferdinand in adopting the constitution, acted under ill influence of immediate violence, that his per sonal safety was endangered, and the reli gion of the state outraged and degraded. These circumstances we can collect from n letter of instructions addressed by the king to certain officers of lus army, in which h tells his troops, that in adopting the constitu tion, he was subject to no constraint; arid al so from a proclamation addressed by Gen. O'Donoju to Hie troops in garrison at Cadiz whom lie exhorts not to Jisten to false and idle stories, assuring them that, the king’s person was sacred and inviolable, and that their holy religion had not been outraged.’ The regiments w ere marched out of Cadiz and stationed within the lines of the Cortn- duraand the walls of the City. Their fideli ty to the new order of things was suspected, and considerable apprehension were, euter- l.uneu in Madrid in consequence of General- Cruez do Mourgton, having marched sud dimly upon Xeres with three thousand men In the king’s instructions to the officers he complains of some expressions disrespect ful to tile, constitution which hail In-.en used ty one of his body guards during the. night if the. lull), in Madrid ; and we are iulorm- ed in a short note appended to the letter of instructions, that the king alludes to a rio Which bad taken place at the Club iMrendni. This club, our readers are aware, is compos i ll of the most active partisans of the consti tution, and it is not improbable that if the *• the powers that he’’ would suffer the jour nals to notice the ulfiiir more circumstantial ly, we should find Hint some of the club were insulted by the soldiers as the enemy of the luiig. The troops and people of Spain arc Withe most part devotedly attached to the ministers of tneir religion, who, ui conse quence, exercise a great influence as we'” the public as in private affairs. The succes of the present revolution, by destroying the tremendous power of the Inquisition, and confiscating its immense wealth, threatens a seven- blow to the domination of the priest hood ; mid it is therefore to he expected tnat this numerous and intriguing body of men should endeavor by every means in their power to excite the people and soldiery to a counter revolution, and no pretences arc hot ter calculated to elicit this object than to represent royalty outraged and oppressed and religion insulted and degraded, its pro perty the spoil of sacrilege, and its solemn - ! ty the sport of heresy and atheism. The king’s declaration, we hope, will counteract the muchinatjons of his worst enemies, and sdented, as if any crime were committed, they must have been as guilty as others. FROM SPAIN. Niw-York, June 20. We learn from G’apt. Hillard, of the brig American, from Tarragona, that all WM tranquil in Spain ; and the people were qui etly engaged in their elections for members of Hie Cortes, whichwvould soon convene*. Ferdinand VII. was at Madrid—-which contradicts the report of his having fled to France. , . We have received from Copt. H. a file o£ Barcelona papers to the 7th of May. [translation.] Barcelona, May 6. The King has issued the following decree r The expressions of sorrow of the Span iards who have taken refuge in Frunce for having adhered to the intrusive government, and the privation with which they are threat ened by a change of circumstances, moved my compassion to permit them by my royal decree of the 23d of tlds month, to enter the Spanish territory. But it being proper to reconcile Ha much as possible these senti ments of my generosity and beneficence with the. decrees of the (lories on this subject, I have just ordered—that the Spaniards who are or may have been refugees in France for having adhered to the intrusive government, whom I have permitted by my said decree to enter the Spanish territory, may establish themselves for the present in one oi the pro- virteesof Alava,Biscay, Guipuzcoa, and Cas tillo as far as Burgos, from whence they arc not to remove until the Cortes shall he as sembled, and shall determine what they may deem just, mid in the mean time the extra ordinary decree of the 21ft Sept. 1812, shall remain in full force and vigor. Span iards of this description who may have alrea dy passed, or may intend to puss the limits prescribed to them in this decree, shall be obliged to depart immediately, inasmuch, us it is not competent for them to remain at present in any other province of the Spanish monarchy than those designated. These on are to understand, anil to communicate to whom it may concern, for its most punc tual fulfilment. Palace 26th April, 1820.— To Don Antonio Poreel. ANOTHER DECREE. By my decree of the 15th inst. I thought proper to re-establish in full force all the de crees which the General Cortes, as well ex traordinary ns ordinary, during their sessions directed to the regency of the Kingdom, in favor of the inhabitants of the provinces be yond sea ; but being desirous to avoid every iloubt, and to express more fully my will re lative to n matter that deserves my greatest care, and justly called the attention of tha C A tes, winch is to dispense a decided favor and protection to the Indians throughout Ultra-murine Spain, I have considered it highly expedient to order the most scrupu lous fulfilment and execution of the decree made by the said general and extraordinary on the Oth Nov. 18 !2, abolishing the divis ions fnapurtimientos) of Indians, or any q- ther personal service, which under those or other names may have been introduced, to gether w ith every thing else expressed in tha same decree. This you are to understand, and communicate to whom it may concern for- its most punctual fulfilment. Pairce, 22d April, 1320. To Don Antonio Force], question was on placing the Admiralty Dro its at the disposal of Pari reserve Spain from the violence of civil contentions, to which such proceedings must quoted, and yet lie would have no right necessarily tend. against the real owners who are the \ committee, composed of the lending I’l.iintiffs, and who, by the 'terdict of the jury huve never transferred their pro perty. There is a case in ffd Campbell, 324, whore Hie facts are similar to these be fore us, in which the determination was, that the original bona fide holder could not recover. The ground upon which Lord Elleuborough decided, is : That the half of the note (which had been members of the opposition in the French chamber of deputies with other friends to liberty, has been formed in Paris, principal ly for the purpose of affording relief to per sons who may he imprisoned by the arbitra ry power given to the ministers by the law of March last. A prospectus of a subscrip tion for this object was published, and from a letter addressed by nine principal deputies to the attorney-general, it seems that law proceedings have been instituted against some of those who, l»y affixing their signa LATEST FROM EUROPF.. New-York, June 22. The ship Merchant, Fowler, arrived at tills port yesterday, bringing a Liverpool pa per of the 15th May, and a Lloyd’s List of the 12th. The Commercial Advertiser givea the following summary and extracts. This ship brought but 15 letters, only 7 or 8 of which were for this city. Billing’s Liverpool Advertiser, states, that the proceedings of the New Parliament Lo gin to assume a very interestingrh arncter. The first question which has tested the strength of parties,'was on the Droits of the Crown. Mr. BUoughnnx was the leader, in the debate, on the part of the opposition, and Mr. Canning on that of Hie Ministry. The ‘miralty Parlament. The votes stood on the side of the Ministers, 273—on the opposition side of the House 155—giving the former a majority of 118. The healtli of Lord Castlereagh does not permit him to attend to Ins Parliamentary duties ; hut it is said Mr. Canning supplies his place with great talent, and as a brilliant debator, stands perhnps unrivalled in that Assembly. In the provisions for the Civil LisT, the Queen, it is said, has been wholly lost sight of. The London Globe states, positively, that Her Majesty will not return to England. Mr. Baring has become the advocate of a free system of trade, and has brought the subject up in Parliament. Dn Tuesday the Oth, Mr. Alderman Wood brought forward his motion for a Secret Committee to inquire into the treasonable practices alleged against Edwards the spy. The motion was rejected without a division, hut the worthy Alderman pledged himself to follow up the investigation by prosecuting Edwards for high treason at his own ex pense ; and from the observtions made by Ministers upon Hus promise, there seems no reason to fear that the inquiry will be still ed by a noli prosiqui. On the same evening, sir James Macin tosh, moved for a committee, on the criminal Laws ; and on Thursday night Mr. Maberly called the attention of ministers to the finan cial circumstances of the country ; with a view, ns it appeared, of suggesting a com mutation of the whole body of the assessed taxes, for a property tax to the amount of ten millions. The chancellor of the exche quer declined giving any pledge as to the course which he would pursue; but from the terms of his reply, there is reason to hope that some sucii permanent and comprehen sive measure of national finances may be substituted, for the desultory system of he terogeneous imposts, so long and so unsuc cessfully pursued. In the House of Lords on the 13th,’the , ..j — ! Marquis of Lansdowne moved that an hum stolen from Hie mail.) might have lmnie-, tun s to the prospectus, gave countenance > hie Address be presented on his Mb; (liatelv'got into the hands of a holder ibr[ and support to tins act of humanity The praying that his M; j be 1 I got into tlie iiaiuiii oi a noiaer lor I and support valuable consideration, and, he would' deputies require that they too should be pro- nymg that his Majesty will be gracfoui 1 pleased to.oriler accounts to be laid