Newspaper Page Text
dul Levee of the king, held nt Bucking
ham house, in celebration of his Majes
ty’s birth day.—AT. Y. Com. Adv.
From a London paper of June 13.
The sheriffs of London waited on her ma-
iesty yesterday morning, to know at what
tune she would he pleased to receive the ad
dress of the corporation of London. Her
Majesty appointed 1 o’clock, this day. Her
Majesty is still in the best health ami spirits,
anil received the Sheriffs very graciously.—
Many people were assembled round the
house of her Majesty and greeted the she
riffs on their arrival with cheers. When the
sheriffs left the house, her Majesty appear
ed at the balcony, and grar.inosly saluted the
people, who received this condescension
with acclamations.
We have received by express from Cala
is, the subjoined telegraphic conimiimcatioo,
dated on Tuesday night, announcing the im
portant fact that the whole election law was
carried by 104 votes against 03; and that
all remained quiet at Paris.
The City Address to the Queen.
“ To the Queen’s most excellent Majesty.
*• Tilt: dutiful and loyal Address of the Lord
Mayor, Aldermen, anil Commons of the
city of London, in common council as
sembled.
“ May it please your majesty—We, bis
majesty’s ever dutiful and loyal subjects, the
lord mayor, aldermen and cmninous of the
city of London, in common council assem
bled, approach your majesty with sincere
expressions of loyalty, attachment and re
gard.
“We condole with your Majesty on the
various aiHictions your majesty has sustain
ed, since your departure from this country,
by the loss of so many illustrious personages
of your majesty’s family, especially by the
demise of our late beloved sovereign, your
majesty’s paternal guardian, whose vQiinte-
nance and support, under the most trying
circumstances gave the best pledge to the
nation of your majesty’s innocence, and the
firmest protection against all your enemies;
a id also that of vnur amiable and illustrious
<1 mghter, the Piinces.s Charlotte, the fond
hope of Britain, whose memory will he ever
dear to an affectionate people.
“ Deeply attached to the royal family and
anxious for the preservation of the public
tranquility we feel ourselves called upon to
express our earnest hope that the differences
which unfortunately exist may be arranged
in a manner honorable to your majesty, as
well as your royal consort, and satisfactory
to the country ; and that, should an investi
gation of these differences be still unhappily
resorted to, recognizing the dignified firm
ness which your majesty has manifested by
the solemn protest yen have entered against
all secret investigations of your conduct so
repugnant to common justice, and to the
feelings of Englishmen, we trust such inves
tigation will be conducted in an open and
impartial manner, and terminate in the com
plete vindication of your majesty’s honor.
“ We rely upon your majesty’s gracious
acceptance of this address, as a proof of the
loyalty and affection of your faithful citizens
of London, and their attachment to the il
lustrious house of Brunswick, who, they
trust, will long continue to sway the British
sceptre and maintain the liberties and hap
piness of the poople.”
the most hospitable manner. His ex
ample, however, has been followed by
very few of the Spanish gentlemen";
hey preserving, j n its fullest extent,
the proud and reserved character for
winch they are so noted, keep aloof, and
pay us little or no attention ei en in their
own houses, where we often go to visit
the ladies, whose polite attention amply
compensates for the ruicness of the
men.
The Congress was to sail in ten Or
Lueen days for Macao, iq China.
[-Vat. Int.]
Niw-York, July 26.
The U. S. frigate Constellation jvent
Jo sea yesterday morning, with a fine
ireeze, hound to the Pacific Ocean, on a
cruize of throe yc;irs.
.1. M. Forbes, Esq. has gone out in
the Constellation, as Consular Agent to
Buenos Ayres.
Extract of a letter received in this city,
dull.., at l ulparaiso, April 12.
1 lie political state of the country lias
experienced very little change. "The
long talked of expedition to Peru, has
not yet been realized, and when or how
it will be effected, is, as yet, problema
tical. Gen. Bolivar has penetrated into
the province of Pnpayan, and the poiver-
Inl army under his command, seems to
ensure the continuation of that success
which has for some time attended him.
An agent of his arrived here lately, and
the purchase of powder and arms appears
to be one ol the principal objects of his
visit.
Markets here, on the whole, have been
better than we anticipated ; the consump
tion of merchandize having kept pace
with its introduction Mcr. Adv.
FROM SPAIN.
By the brig Oswego’ captain Hamil
ton, arrived at this port yesterday in 33
days from (iibraltar, we learn that the
United States’ ship Columbus, left Gib-
raliar 12th June for the Straits. The
United States frigate Guerriere also left'
there at the same time—None of the
officers of the Cuerriere were permitted
to land at Gibraltar, in consequence of
many duels anticipated between them
arid the military—when rapt. II sailed,
there were three Dutch linn of battle
ships, and 2 frigates, and 2 brigs at Gib
raltar.
In the O. came passengers 17 of the
Cuerriere’s crew, their time of service
having expired.
Spain was in a perfect state of tran
quility.—Balt. Amcr.
PUBLIC LANDS.
Thu present Congress have made an im
portant change in the price and mode of sel
ling public lands. The price is reduced from
tw o dollars per acre to one .dollar twenty
five rents ; instead of the former credits, the
whole amount is to he paid when the land is
entered ; and the smallest quantity of land
which can be purchased, is reduced from a
quarter section or 160 acres, to a half quar
ter section or 80 acers. These changes, it is
believed, will prove highly beneficial to the
government, and not injurious to the peo
ple. The debt due for public lands was ra
pidly accumulating every year : for some
time past, it has been uecesary to pass a law
of indulgence similar to our Green River
Bill, and serious danger to the government
apprehended from this growing debt. Un
der the new system the debt will gradually
diminish, and in a few years be utterly extin
guished. No cause will exist for disconyut
between the government and people, the for
mer enforcing payment, and tin: latter eva
ding it. What is the interest of the govern
ment, is the interest of the people.
The only plausible objections we have
heard to this measure are, that it may check
emigration, and retard the growth of the
Western country. Had not the price and the
smallest quantity of land allowed to be pur
chased, been reduced, these objections would
have been solid. But under the old system
the price was §2 ; under the new J51 23 ;
under the old system the smallest quantity of
land which could he purchased was 160 a-
rre3, under the new it is 80 ; under the old
system one-fourth was to be paid in hand,
under the new the whole. Under the old
system a poor man emigrating to the west
must necessarily buy 100 acres at J?2 per
acre, one-fourth of which, or 5 80 must be
paid in hand ; under the new he may pur
chase 80 acres at 25 per acre, the whole
of which, or glOO, must be paid in hand.—
Hence it is evident that the. poor man can
obtain a house now with a small farm for lit
tle more than he could before. Most men in
these times would value 80 acres all their
own, with title complete, higher than ICO a-
cres, one fourth paid for without title, and
subject to forfeiture and all tile vicissitudes
i if the times. The indust rious and economical
man with 80 acres, will soon find means to
increase his farm without trouble to his go
vernment, or embarrassment to himself. The
great object of an emigrant, a sure and per
manent house, is placed more completely
within the reach of the northern and eastern
poor than it was before. Hence emigration
will not he checked, but rather promoted.
[Kentucky Argus.]
A private letter from an officer on
board the United States’ ship Congress,
Capt. IJenley, was yesterday received in
this city, dated at Manilla, March the 1st.
Tbaijft'igate arrived there or. the 19th of
Jan^fry.
“ (Dur reception here (says the let
ter) formed a striking, and highly pleas
ing, contrast to the very unfavorable
one we had recently met with in the an
cient but uncivilized and inhospitable
country we had so lately left. The man
ner in which w« were received by the
Governor was peculiarly gratifyiug, not
only to our national, but to our individual
feelings. The kindest offers, of a pub
lic nature have been made to Capt Ilen-
ly, and the officers have been severally
invited and welcomed to his house, id
' THE FLOltlDAS.
From a geographical description of
Florida, we have made the following
sketch. The Flori.las are 373 miles in
length and 2-3 in breadth, containing
56,300 square miles, bounded on the
north by Georgia and Alabama : on the
south by the guifof Mexico, on the east
by the Atlantic and gulf of Florida ; an.)
on the west by the gulf of .Mexico, and
part of Alabama. The country is divi-
led into East and West Florida, the
former containing about 50,000, the lat
ter 6,500 square miles. The present
population, exclusive of Indians, does
not exceed 12,000. St. Augustine and
Pensacola are the only towns of much
consideration ; the former is the capital
of East I loridn, situated on the bay of St.
Augustine, in latitude 30, north, and lon
gitude 4,25 west, containing4000 inhabi
tants. The town is well fortified, and is
considered very healthy. There are
also several small villages in East Florida,
the principal of which is St. Marks, si
tuated on the river of the same name,
near the Apnlacliia Bay. l’unsacola is
the capital of West Florida, and is situ
ated on the west side of Pensacola bay,
having a fine hardour with plenty of
water. The other towns are St. Joseph,
in the gulf of Mexico, Wells, on the west
side of St. Andrew’s Bay, & Campbel
town, seven miles north east ofPensaco-
la. The principal river in the Florida
ts Apalachicola ; there are also the St.
Mary’s ami St. John’s,Suwanny, Naussu,
India, Greenouile, St Sebastian, St Lucia,
N. River, Delaware, Cnxinba, Caloasa,
Charlotte, New, Rocky River, Haley’s
Amajuru, Tampa, Hellsborongh, Munet-
te, St. Marks, Perdido, Escambia, Con-
necuh, Yellow, St. Andrews, he. The
major part of the soil is sandy, covered
with lief pine ; on the rivers and lakes
it is of the first quality, producing sugar,
cotton, corn, indigo, rice,&c. The Flo-
ridas also produce potatoes, melons,
groundpeas, lemons,oranges, olives, figs,
cocoanuts, plums and cochineal.
Immense white and red oaks are found
in abundance, also magnolia, cypress,
red k white cedar, crab, oak, mulberry,
hickory, sassafras, palms, cabbage tree,
&c. The animals are, horses, sheep,
goats, cattle and swine, and in the deserts,
otters, hares, rabbits, racoons, foxes ;
opossums, squirrels kc. &c. The In
dians in Florida principally reside in the
neighbourhood of Apalachia bay, are
called Seminoles, and as their name im
ports, are principally runaways from the
Creeks, and other nations to the north
of Florida. They arc a horrible band,
associating with runaway negroes, and
live by plunder. This country was dis
covered by Sebastian Cabot, in 1197.—
The French formed a settlement in 1564,
but were driven from it the following
year by the Spaniards. In 1763 Florida
was ceded’to England in exchange for
Havana, and while in their possession
was divided into West and East Florida
During the American war in 1781, both
the Floridas were enptured by the Span
iards, and it has remained in quiet pos
session of Spain, until the late war, when
Pensadola was entered by General An
drew Jackson. In 1813, a war broke
out between the United States and the
Seminole Indian* ; the latter being pro
tected by the Spaniards, Gen, Jackson
pursued them to the Spanish ports, St.
Marks, Pensacola, &c. which he captur
ed, and transported the Spanish governor
to Havana. When the news reached
the President of the United States, he
immediately re-pluced the Spaniards in
authority. Since that period the United
States have acquired the Floridas by
treaty, but which lias not yet been rati
fied by the Spanish government.
[JVpte- York Daily Advertiser.
EXTIMORDWAHir DECISION!
Bank United Statrs X
vs. x
Whipple ti Washburnc. )
Tile above cause came to trial a few duys
ago, before the. City Court, hidden by the
Mayor uml two Aldermen. The case was
regularly presented to the jury by the plain
tiff's counsel, und tho’ there were several
points made by the defendants’ counsel in
the course of the proceeding, yet they were
reserved, and the testimony considered as
conclusive of the claim. It wus admitted by
the plaintiff’s counsel, tlmt the note was dis
counted at the office established at this place.
The defendant's rounsel insisted to the jury,
that the Bank of the United States had no
power to discount promissory notes—that
the Bank was the mere creature of the Act
which created it, and possessed no other
powers than such as were expressly granted.
That it could take nothing by implication,
however strong ; and though the charter
confers a right upon the corporation gener
ally to do and execute all and singular the
arts, matters, and tilings, which to them it
shall or may appertain to do, tkc. and al
though it prohibits them to receive more
than six per cent.upon its loans or discounts,
vet, as there is no express authority either to
loan or discount, such loans are illegal and
the security void.
The Mayor charged the jury that the Bank
of tlic United States had no power under its
charter to discount promissory notes, and the
jury gave a verdict lor the defendants.
[Ohio Inquisitor.]
A DILEMMA.
The Edwardsville (Illinois) Spectator
of the 27th of June, has the following pa
ragraph ;
Presidential Election.—Of all the per
plexities to which the public officers and
people of this state are subjected, from
the inconsistencies, ambiguities, and ab
surdities of the laws of the last session of
our legislature, none will exceed the dif
ficulty of executing that which moke
provision for the election of electors of
president and vice-president of the Uni
ted States. By this law, the governor i«
tire month of September next, is required
to divide the state into electorial districts,
apportioned according to the census of
the inhabitants to be taken this year ;
which census, a former act of the same
session directs, shall he commenced in
August, and completed in December. As
the governor will find the task assigned
to him impracticable to perform, we re
spectfully suggest to the editors of the
Illinois Intelligencer the propriety of ob
taining the opinion of the members of the
Kaskaskia bar, whether there can be any
dbubt, under the peculiar circumstances of
the case, of the LF.nAt.iTV of choosing e
lectors at the general election in August.
RECORDER.
Ml LI,EDGE VILLK, Tommy, Amorr 18
(t7“ In our Inst paper we published the
concluding number of Atthts. whose elo- .jjZiT'.T* J w ~i'2 ...
been told, in 1001, that supplies oflivr .j f,,, ' f .'«" P'"t 1 tlunk they
«* * rom OwfB. will I* obtained
exact portrait, in miniature, qf the people at
large, as it should think, feel, reason and act
like them, great rare should he taken in the
formation of it, to prevent unfair, partial and
corrupt elections. That it may he the inte
rest of this assembly to do equal right and
strict justice, upon nil occasions, it should he
an equal representation of their constituents,
or in other words equal interests among the
people, should have equal interests in the
representative body.
That the representatives may often mix
with their constituents, and frequently ren
der them an account of their stew ardship, e-
lections ought to be frequent.
“ Like hubbies on the sea of matter home
“ J liny rise, they break and to that sea return.
“ These elections may lie septennial or tri-
D\
po
The Chairman of the Committee of Aldermen
and Citizens of Savannah, who were appointed
for distributing the contributions made for the
sufferers by the fire in that city, has made a re
port of their poceedings, which is published at
length in tho Savannah Republican. The fol
fowingis nu extract from it :—[Geo. Adv.J
“ The general and benevolent conduct of
our fellow-citizens throughout the United
States, cannot he too much commended.—
Their relief and their sympathy ought never
to he forgotten—and in what follows, I pledgi
my honor, that I in no way intended to re
fleet upon any state, in relation to contribu
lions published ; as we all know, that many
cities in the union had greatly suffered, prior
to this, by fire, and called upon the resources
of their own States for large donations. I
will also he pleasng and consoling to you, to
to be informed, that notwithstanding the
severe calamity which befel this city her ci
tizens immediately collected for the sufferers,
about. {18,000—and nearly half that amount
in clothing, fuel, produce, and provisions of
all kinds, which latter were placed under the
superintendaiice of a Distributing Commit
tee, who for weeks together, indiscriminate
ly fed and clothed the poor and naked, younj
and old, white and black.
“ The sums claimed for losses amounted to
upwards of a million of dollars (leaving out
the rich sufferers who made no claim,) this
amount was ultimately reduced to 3776,000,
to he remunerated according to tho loss and
situation of parties, from the sum of £99,418
75 cents, collected through the U. States
about 97.000 dls. of this sum have bee
distributed, adding comfort, and giving aid
and assistance to upwards of four hundre'
and fifty persons, of all ages, sexes and
colors. From this bounty, widows were
cheered, orphans succoured, and many old
and infirm, snatched from proverty and dis
tress.
“The amounts were received as follows,
classing them as coming from states.
Georgia,
South-Garollua, -
Virginia, - - - -
Maryland, ...
District of Columbia,
Pennsylvania, - -
New-York, - - -
Massachusetts,
District of Maine,
New-Orleans,
Tennessee -
335,700 95
20,637 27
1,130 56
5,232 46
1.680 11
19,382 25
1,198 93
13,195 85
- 733 28
1,209 80
- 338 29
gU9,151 75
A scientific correspondent calls our atten
tion to an Eclipse, of the Sun, which will
happen on the 21st of February, 1822, anil
be visible throughout tho United States of
America. This eclipse will afford a favor
aide opportunity, .by correct otisefvarious
of the apparent times of its beginning and
end at our principal towns, or other prom
inent places, to ascertain the longitude from
Greenwich Observatory. The obscuration
will be great in the afternoon of that day, at
Charleston, (S. C.) Savannah, (Geo.) New-
Orleans, and all the south-western parts of
this country. A minute calculation of this
eclipse has not, as yet, been entered into by
oui- correspondent; but it has been ascer
tained that the Sun will he a digits eclipsed
on its upper or northern limb, at 4 o’clock
P. M. at the Capitol in the City of Washing
ton.—JVat, Int,
not in all sci-
„ , , , . ,ce a maxim more infallible than this, ishere
great difficulty, and that the larger pie „u,,l elections end, there slavery) begins.
ccs are very scarce.’ In treating of na “ But we have ns yet advanced only one
val affairs, Dr. Seybcrt, with a very dif P •*» the formation of a government. Ha-
ferent purpose in view, pays the follow '•? obtained a representative assembly,
ing involuntary tribute to the activity ' s * ,e n,!Xt '• Shall we leave all
and effect of our late naval warfare a-JJ'u!?® f'“T™ 1?
..... all they make and execute, and interpret
gainst the Americans. ya too ? I answer no ; a people cannot bn
‘ For nlon^ time the majority of the peotg irec, umt never can be happy whose
pie of the United States was opposed to aiis are made, executed ami interpreted by
extensive and permanent Naval estahlish-l! assembly. My reasons for this opinion
inent; and the force authorized by the Le- these.
gislature, until very lately, was intended foil* A single assembly is liable to all the vices,
temporary purposes. A Navy was conai-|‘« and frailties if an individual. Sub-
dered to be beyond the financial means off to fits of htrnor, transports of passion,
our country ; and it was supposed the puo- tiulitit-n of prejudice ; mid from tlii'HP and
pie would not submit tu be taxed for itssup-i' r causes, apt to make hasty results and
port. Our brilliant success in the late war, urd judgments: all of which errors might
has changed the public sentiment on tltisb' 1 corrected, and inconveniences guarded
— subject: many persons who formerly op-i'nst by some controlling power.
posed the Navy, now consider it as an es-‘ A single assembly is apt to grow avari-
° senti.il means for our defence. The late'is, and in time would not scruple to ex
transactions on the borders of the Chesa- pt itself from burdens which it would lay
pnake Bay, cannot he forgotten ; the extent>" its constituents, without sympathy,
of that immense estuary enabled the enemy’ A single assembly will heroine amhiti
to sail triumphant into tile interior of the U.«, and after some time will vote itself ner-
States. For hundreds of miles along the uni. This was found in the case ot the
shores of that great Bay, our people were K parliament: hut more reinurkably in
insulted ; our towns were ravaged and des- case of Holland, whose assembly first
troyed; a considerable population was tea-®d that they shoo'd hold their seals for
zed and irritated ; depredations were hourly l *n years, then for life, and after some
committed by an enemy who could pene- that they would fill up vacancies ns
Irate into the bosom of the country, without y should happen, without applying to
nnr bang able to molest him whilst he kept ir constitutes at all.
op the water. By the time a sufficient force 1 The executive power cannot be well
was collected, to clicck bis operations in one paged by a representative assembly, for
situation, his ships had already transported fit of two essential qualities, secrecy and
him to another, which was feeble, and of- j'ntch.
fered a booty to him. An army could make Such an assembly is still less qualified
no resistance to this mode «*f warfare; the (xercise the judicial power, tiecuuse it i
F»,
people were annoyed ; and they suffered in
tile field only to be satisfied of their inability
to check those who hud the dominion upon
our waters. The inhabitants who were in
the immediate vicinity, were, not alone af
fected by the enemy; his operations exten
ded their influence to our great towns on the
Atlantic coast; domestic intercourse and in
ternal commerce were interrupted, wliilst
that with foreign nations was, in some in
stances, entirely suspended. The Treasury
documents for 1814, exhibit the phenomenon
of the State of Pennsylvania not being re
turned in the list of the exporting States.—
We were not. only deprived of revenue, but
our expenditures were very much augmen
ted. It is probable the amount of the ex
penditures incurred on the borders of the
Chesapeake, would have been adequate to
provide naval means for the defence of those
waters : the people might then have remain
ed .it home, secure from depredation in the
pursuit of their tranquil occupations. The
. expenses of the government as well as of in-
iived ; a period, when a coincidence ol clr- ""
cumstances, without example, has afforded
to thirteen colonies at once an opportunity
of beginning government anew from the
foundation, and building as they choose.—
How few of the human race have ever had
any opportunity of choosing a system of go
vernment for themselves and their children ?
lime few have ever had any thing more of
choice in government than in climate 1 These
colonies have now their election, and it is
much to be wished that it inay not prove to
be like a prize in the hands of a man who
has no heart to improve it.
“ In order to determine which is the best
form of government, it is necessary to deter
mine what is the end of government. And
I suppose that in this enlightened age, there
will be no dispute, in speculation, that the
happiness of the people, the great end of
man, is the end of government, and there
fore that form of government which will pro
duce the greatest quantity of happiness is
best.
“ All sober inquirers after truth, ancient
and modern,divines, moralists and philoso
phers, have agreed that tlie happiness of
mankind, as well as the real dignity of hu
man nature, consists in virtue ; if there is a
form of government whose ptincipie and foun
dation is virtue, will not every wise man ac
knowledge it more likely to promote the ge
neral happiness than anv oilier ?
“ Fear, which is said by Montesquieu and
other political writers, to he the foundation
of some governments, is so sordid and bru
tal a passion, that it cannot properly be cal
led a principle, and will hardly be thought in
America a proper basis of government.
“Honor, is a principle which ought to he
sacred : bul ti e Grecians and Romans, pa
gan as well as Christian, w ill inform us, that
honor at most is hut a part of virtue, and
therefore a feeble basis of government.
* A man must he indifferent to sneer and
ridicule, in some companies, to mention the
names of Sidney, Harrington, Locke, Mil-
ton, Jh'edham, Neville, Burnet, Hoadly ; for
the lines of John Milton, in one of his son
nets, will bear an application, even in this
country, upon some occasions.
“I did but teach the age to quit their cloggs,
‘ By the plain rules of ancient liberty,
“ When lo! u barbarous noise surrounded me
“ Of owls and cuckoos, asses, apes and dogs.
“These great writers, however, will con
vince any man who has the fortitude to read
them, that all good government is republican;
that the only valuable part of the British con
stitution is so ; for the true idea of a repub
lic is, an empire of laws, and not of men ;
and therefore as a republic is the best of go
vernments, so that particular combination of
power, which is best contrived for a faithful
execution of the laws, is the best of repub
lics.
“ There is a great variety of republics, be
cause the arrangements of the powers of so
ciety are capable of many variations.
“ As a good government U tin empire of
laws, the first question is, how shall the laws
be made ?
“In a community consisting of large num
bers,inhabiting an extensive country, it is not
possible that the whole should assemble, to
make laics. The most natural substitute for
an assembly of the whole, is a delegation of
power, from the many, to a few of the most
wise and virtuous. In the first place then
establish rules for the choice of representa
tives: agree upon the number ot persons
who shall have the priv ilege of choosing one.
.is the representative assembly should be an
numerous, too slow, und generally too
e skilled in the laws.
But shall the w hole legislative power hr
in the hands of such an assembly ? The
e first at least of the foregoing reasons,
shew that the legislative power ought
to lie wholly intrusted to one assembly
Let the representative body then elect,
n among themselves or their eonstitu
, or hutli, a distinct assembly, which we
call a council. It may consist of any
fiber you please, say twenty or thirty.-
this assembly should he given a free and
jpendent exercise of its judgment, upon
lets of legislation, that it may be able to
•k and correct the errors of the other.
I'-'it there ought to lie a mild branch of
Legislature : and wherever the exccu-
pnvver of the stall! is placed, there the
d branch of the Legislature ought lo he
id.
Let the two houses then Hy joint ballot
one a governor, het Atm be chosen un
ity. Divest him of most of those badges
iij slavery called prerogatives. And give him
a negatire upon the Legislature. This 1
know is liable to some objections, to obvi
ate which, you may make him in a legisla
tive caparity only president of the council.
But if he is annually elective, yon need not
scruple to give hint a free and’independent
exercise of bis judgment, for he w ill have so.
great an affection for the people, the repre
sentatives and council, that he would seldom
exorcise this right, except in cases, the pub
lic utility of which would soon be manifest,
and some such cases would happen.
“ The governor, by and with and not
without the advice Hud consent of council,
should appoint all judges, justices and all o-
flier officers, civil and military, who should
have commission!! signed hy the governor
and under the seal of the colony.
“ Sheriffs should be chosen "by the free
holders of the counties. If you choose lo
have a government more popular, all officers
may he chosen hy one house of assembly
subject to the negative of the other.
The stability of government, in all its
branches, the morals of the people, and eve
ry other blessing of society, and social insti
tutions, depend so much upon an able and
impartial administration of justice, that the
judicial power should be separuled from the
legislative and cxecufvue, and independent
upon both ; the judges should he men of ex
perience in the jaws, of exemplary morals,
invincible patience, unruffled calmness, and
indefatigable application; their minds should
not be distracted with complicated jarring
interests ; they should not tie dependent on
any man or body of men ; they should lean
to none, be subservient lo none, nor more
•omplaisant to one than another. To this
■nd they should hold estates for life in their
illires, or in other words their commissions
should be during good behavior, and their
salaries ascertained and established hy law.
“ If accused of misbehavior hy the repre
sentative body, before the governor ami
council, and if found guilty after having an
opportunity to make their defence, they
should he removed from their offices and
subjected to such other punishment as their
offences deserve.
“ A rotation of offices in the legislative and
executive departments has many advocates,
and, if practicable, might have many good
effects. A law may lie made that no man
shall he governor, lieutenant-governor, se
cretary, treasurer, counsellor, or representa
tive, more than three years at a time, nor he
again eligible until after an interval of three
years.
“ A constitution like this, of which the
foregoing is a very imperfect plan, naturally
introduces general knowledge into the com
munity, and inspires the people with a con
scious dignity becoming freemen. A gene
ral desire of reputation .uid importance a-
mong their neighbors, which cannot he ob
tained without some government of their
passions, some good humor, ^ood mannehi,
and good morals, takes place in the minds of
men, and naturally causes general virtue and
civility. That pride which is introduced by
such a government among the people, makes
them brave and enterprising. That ambi
tion which is introduced into every rank,
makes them sober, industrious and frugal.
You will find among them some elegance,
but more solidity, a little politeness, but a
great deal of civility, some pleasure, but
much business.
“ Let commissions run thus, * Colony of
North-Caroliua, to A. B. greeting, kc.’ and
be tested by the governor.
“ Let writs ntn ‘The colony of tut. to tho
sheriff, fcc.’ , , * ,
“ Let indictments conclude against tho
peace of the Colony ofNorth-Carolina, and
the dignity of the urns’ or if you please a-
gainst the peace of the thirteen united colo-
“ We have heard much of a continental
constitution. I see no occasion fbr any but
a Congress. Let that be made an equal and
fair representative of the colonies, and let it*
authority be confined to three cases, war.
trade and controversies between colony and
colony. If a confederation seas formed ,a-
greed on in Congress, and ratified bj tho
assemblies ; these colonies, under such forms
of gwemment fjf such a conf ’-deration, wws
be unconquerable by all tht monarchies qf Eu
rope .
“ This plan of a government for a colony,
you see is intended as a lemporanr expedi
ent under the present pressure ofafiaire.—
The government once formed, and haring
settled its authority, will have leisure enough
In make any alterations that time and expe
rience, and more mature deliberation, may
dictate. Particularly, a plan may be devi
sed, perhaps, and be thought expedient, for
giving the Choice of the governor to thepeople
at targe, and of the counsellors to the freehol
ders of the counties. But l>e these things as
they may, two things are indispensably to
he adhered to ; one, is some regulation for
securing forever an equitable choice of re
presentatives ; another, is the education of
youth both in literature and morals.”
The Loan office bill, has been twice
read in the lower house (Tennessee Le
gislature) by a majority of26-to 13. This
is Laisses nousfaire with a vengeance.
The Missouri Convention have gone
through in committee of the whole the
three departments of the government.
The Legislature is to consist oftwo bran
ches, representatives to be 25 years of
age ; elected for 2 years—Senators 30
years of age, elected for 4 years—ses
sions to be biennial. The Judiciary
vested in one court of appeals ; one chan
cery ; as many circuit courts as the legis
lature shall deem necessary ; and justices
of the peace. All the judges to be ap
pointed by the Governor with the advice
of the Senate. The Executive vested in
Governor and Lieutenant Governor.
The Governor to be 36 years of age ;
elected by the people for four years, and
ineligible the next four ; to nominate un>j
with the advice of the Senate to appoint
an Attorney General, Secretary of Slate,
some military, officers, anil judges ; to
have a qualified veto upon the passage of
laws, kc.—Ilich. Enq.
Indian Population.—It appears from
a statement in the Cincinnati Gazette,
that the Indian tribes inhabiting the pro
vince of Texas, amount to about 25,000
souls, and that they cgp bring into the
rield 5000 warriors.
The New-York Commercial Adverti
ser says, the English editors rejoice at
the news of the loss of the tariff bill
lately proposed in Congress.
Courtly Manners and Severe Rebuke.
We have heard much of the princely de
portment, suavity of manners, and polished
behavior of the Prince Regent of England,
now George the 4th. An anecdote, how
ever, is related of his bchav ior to the celebra
ted Currtsn, which places these qualifica
tions in rather a questionable point of view.
Upon Curruu’s appointment of Master of the
Rolls in Ireland, being in London, he wax
invited, together with many other distin-.
guished characters to dine W’ith the Regent,
who shewed him great and marked atten
tion, hy placing him on his left hand at table.
The bottle passed in Princely style during
the. entertainment, and after drinking a vari
ety of exhilirating toasts, the chairman re
quested every noble guest to fill a vert
high bumff.r, which was complied with.—*>
The prince raised his glass, apparently with
an intention of saying something agreeab’c e
all eyes were fixed on him, eager to meet his
wishes, when he, without hesitation, threw
its contents in Cunran’s face !—The fncetkm#
Barrister shook his head—wiped his face-
ami instantly raising his glass, passed the con
tents In his neighbour’s face—who bounced
up, greatly enraged, and waa about to pro-
reed to extremities, when Curran addressed
him with much good humour, saying “ My
Lord, it name from the Chair.—-Demo. Press.
THEATRICAL.
will be performed on
Monday Evening, Aug. 21 st,
THE WHEEL OF FORTUNE,
A Comedy by R. Coleman, Esq.
A ETC a WHICH, THE
FARCE OF FORTUNE’S FROLIC,
The True Use of Riches*
Milledgeville, August t5
JOHN LUCAS,
has opened a
HOUSE OF ENTERTAINMENT
In his new building at the corner of Greene
and W ilkinson streets, between tbe state-house
square and government house. - »
MUiedgeville, August 15 27—tf
SODA WATER.
T HE apparatus having been repaired and
improved und u competent supply of ma
terials obtuined, this pulatable and health pre
serving luxury, will lie fumuhedfresh made eve
ry day, ut the usual stand.
MiTledgeville, August 14 27 tf
OLUTION.
artnergiip herelnfoi
cen lx Hope]
consei
August 1,1890
def
is day
_ I persons in-
_ mmedlate pay-
ir demands against tin;
to T. Bmen Tof settto-
lorised to settle Use same.
Matthew hopper.
TIMOTHY StiUEN.
20—4t
N OTICE —Nine months after date, applica
tion will be made to the honorable the
court ot Ordinary of Morgen county, for leave
to sell a certain tract of Land containing.one
hundred and sixtyac.es, more or less, ou the
Appalatchy river, adjoining Norwood aud ta
ttlers, the property of Retibin Radio, d, decea
sed, sold for tl.e benefit of the heirs of said de
ceased. JOHN RADFOHD, > «„.
W*. RADFORD, i»*«■*•.
April 7, 18«0 1 - -