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SOUTHERN RECORDER. ■if, VOL. I. MILLEDGEVILLE, TUESDAY, DECEMBER 12, 1820. msmmm No. 44. PUBLISHED WEEKLY, (on TUESDAY*) J1Y S. r.RA VTL.1ND ff It. M. ORME, KV thkf.e dollars, in advance, or folk dollars at the expiration of the YEAR. 0 f Advertisements conspicuously inserted nt tJic customary rates. MASSACHUSETTS. The Convention for revising the Con stitution of the state of Massachusetts met in the State House at Boston, on Wednesday last, the 15lh instant, tlie at tendance being more full than was ex pected. Benjamin Pollard was chosen Clerk. The Convention then proceed ed to the. choice of a President; and, on counting the voles, it appeared that 352 were given in, of which John Adams, late President of the United States, had •335, and was chosen. The following resolve, offered by Judge Parker, accompanied by some re marks from that gentleman, was passed : “ Whereas the Hon. John Adams, a member of this Convention, and elected President thereof, has for more than half a century, devoted the great powers of liis mind, and his profound wisdom and learning, to the service of bis country and mankind— In fearlessly vindicating the rights of the North American Provinces against the usurpation and encroachment of the superintending government 1 : in diffusing a knowledge of the prin ciples of civil liberty among his fellow subjects, and exciting them to a firm and resolute defence of the privileges of freemen : In early conceiving, asserting, and maintaining, the justice and practicability of establishing the Independence of the United States of America : In giving the powerful aid of his poli tical knowledge in the formation of the constitution of his native state, which constitution became, in a great measure, the model of those which were subse quently formed : In conciliating the favor of foreign powers, nnJ obtaining their countenance and support in the arduous struggle for Independence : , In negociating the Treatv of Peace which secured forever the sovereignty of the Uintcii States, and ill defeating all attempts to prevent it, and especially preserving in that treaty the vital inter ests 'if (he New England states : In demonstrating to the world, in his defence of the constitutions of the sever al United States, the contested princi ple, since admitted as an axiom, that •hecks and balances in legislative power are essential to the preservation of true liberty : In devoting his time and talents to the •service of ihe nation in the high and im portant trusts of Vice President and Pre sident of the United States : Therefore Resolved, That the mem bers of this convention, representing the people of this Commonwealth, do joy fully avail themselves of this opportuni ty to testify their respect and gratitude towards this eminent Patriot and States man, for the great services rendered by him to his country, and their high grati fication, that at this late period of lift, he is permitted by Divine 1 rovidencc to assist them with his counsels in revising the constitution, which forty years ago his wisdom and prudence assisted to form. Resolved, That a committee of twelve members he appointed by the chair, to communicate these proceedings to the lion. Johu Adams, to inform him of his election to preside in this body,and to introduce him to the chair of this Con vention.” The Committee appointed to wait up on Mr. Adams, and to inform him of his election as President of the Convention, consisted of the following gentlemen: Messrs. Gray, Varnum, Moreton, Fisher l)r. Baldwin, Mr, Flower, Mr. Deane Thomas Melvill Ward, Nicholas Buy! ston, Mr. Mattoon, Mr. Hoar, Mr. Bart- lliat unexampled liberty which this na tion now possesses, that liberty which is the source ol all our happiness anil pros- polity ; a prosperity which cannot ho contemplated by any virtuous mind with out gratitude, consolation, and delight. May it he perpetual. Gentlemen, as my age is generally known, it will readily he believed that rny forces are loo far exhausted to per form the arduous duty of the high office which the benevolence of the Convention has assigned me. 1 am, therefore, un der the necessity of requesting permis sion of the Convention to decline the ap pointment, and to pray that some other gentleman may be elected, whose vigor ous age ami superior talents may conduct their deliberations with more conve nience to themselves and with greater satisfaction to the people of the Com monwealth at large. JOHN ADAMS. On proceeding, then, to lmllol for a President, 195 being a majority, it ap peared that judge Parker had 195 votes, and was chosen. It was then Ordered, That a seat he assigned the lion. John Adams on the right hand of the President of this Con vention. States, and to place themselves under our protection. The topographers, medical gentlemen, and painters, attached to tins Expedition, liuve collected abundunt materials for correcting some of the gross errors in (he received geography of this part of our country, for making important additions to medical botany, and to the stock of our geological knowledge of our own ter ritory ; and the painters have many in teresting and valuable sketches of the prominent features of the country. Be sides possessing the government of such information as was indispensable Injudi cious arrangements for the support and protection of the American population penetrating iulo that country, tins expe dition ought, and vve hope will, form the subject of one of the most attractive works ever published in this country. What struck us most' impressively in this brief narrative was, tlnu, some thou- and miles <m this side of our utmost t\ esteru boundary, or, in other words, fell into our hands and we advanced u ye committee having perform ssigned them, returned and k -Ir. Adams declined the in, and the following subsequently trims leman to the cou Of the North-Western Region of the U- nitsd States.—We were yesterday grati fied with a few minutes conversation with Copt. J. R, Bell, who arrived in this city on Tuesday, from Cape Girardeau, in Missouri ; which place lie left on the 13th October last. The information de rived from him was so interesting to us, that we believe our readers will be plea sed w ith some account of it. Capi. Bell was second in rank of an Exploring Expedition, under the com mand of Major Long, the objects of which were topographical and scientific information re.<pFctiu»‘'the vast wilder ness of country which stretches from the Council Blutls, on the Missouri, to the foot of the Rocky Mountains, of whirl so little is yet known. The expedition being wholly pacific in its objects, con sisted of some twenty soldiers only, and the following otliccrs and artists, besiJ. the two officers already mentioned Lieutenant Graham, Lieut. Sw-'ilT, Dr. Say, Dr. James, and Messers. Seymour and Peule, designers and painters. 'l’hc expedition sat out from the Conn cil Bluffs, on the Gth of June, directing their course first to the Pawnee villages on a fork of the La Platte, distant about one hundred and twenty miles from th. Council Blurts ; and thence proceeded to t!«u Rocky Mountains, distant abo four hundred miles from the Pawn Village. The interval is a rolling prai rie country, of course destitute of hill und wood, so that tiie mountains are visi bleat the distance of one hundred am twenty miles. Time lias not \ et allowed a calculation of tiie observations, which were made as accurately us circum stances would allow, but it is supposed the greatest height of the ridge does not exceed the elevation of four thousand feet above the base of the mountain. The Expedition separated into tvv parties, near the point ou the Arkansas designated on the maps as Pike’s Block house. The one party, under the command of Major Long, proceeded thence with iew to strike the head-waters of Kt river. But, it appears the (naps which we have are very defective, the courses of the rivers being almost wholly conjec tural, and often entirely fabulous. The expedition did not attuiu the object sought, because it was not to be found where it is laid down in the maps, and fell upon the waters of the Canadian fork of the Arkansas, which it pursued, uud terminated its tour at Belle Point on the Arkansas, the post mentioned, in the late Message of the President to Congress, as being the advanced post of our yordou in that direction. The other party, under the command of Capt. Bell, proceeded down the Ar kansas to Belle Point, which place they reached on the 9th Sept, after an ab sence of three mouths from the haunts of civilization. Below the First Fork of ihe Arkansas, a3 it was named by Pike, they met sev eral hunting parties of strange Indians, whose names even have rarely, if ever, been heard of before—belonging to the tribes of the Arrupahoes, the Kaskayas, the Kiawas, and the Chnyetmes. They are frequently, and perhaps at present, engaged in war with the Pawnees, Osa- ges, arid other tribes of whom we have *pm’e knowledge. Of the Indians met by none have e^er been into our 'hey appeared to be wliol- hc existence of such a United States, or f any people of inhabitants sh pro- had about half way between the Mississippi iver and the Pacific Ocean, an explo- mg party has met with several tribes of men, the aborigines and proprietors of hu soil of tiie country, who were igno- mt not only of the existence of ihe Peo- le of the United States, bat of the ex istence of a race of White People ! It gives us an awful idea of the magnificent extent of the domain of the Republic. [.Not. hit.] ranee, skill, or foresight, in the execution of it. Although the llagship had seven feet wat(fr in the hold, in consequence of huviiigerounded in leaving the Bay of Fnlcuhnuno, lus lordship steadily pursu ed his Ciurse, uud proceeded on that sime nigh. The self-possession shown by the Adpiral under circumstances so ethical wifi truly admirable. Indeed, to form a just idea of his Lordship’s talents and superiority, it is necessary to see him m dunrers the most trying, and in difficulties the most appalling ; for it is then that be shines most conspicuously. With rfigurd to the affair at Chiloo, al though tin) result Was unsuccessful, the Creole troops fully justified their former fame. The enemy knew of the fall of Valdivia ten days, and saw our vessels, 30 hours .off the port before it was pos sible to disembark. JiLuely of (tie caval ry and 50 infantry oppose our t.idling were ilispersi&jivithout trouble. The next morning, at 2, a small battery pen liiiglv exemplified. They boro their wounded commandant from the tiolJ un- murderuus lire, protesting they would sooner lose their lives than leave him to the mercy of the Chilote, who is as ignorant, more bigulted, and cruder than the most uncivilized Indian. A- niongst the foremost in the fort were fou CHILL The accounts of what is going on in this ve ry interestiug quartei of llie globe, have hituerto been so meagre, that vve almost forget the existence of such a people as the Cliilese, who, nevertheless, are enti tled, from their noble struggle lor Inde pendence, and the delightful country they enjoy, and vvhioh they have emimcipafeii from despotic sway, to no small share of' our consideration. We do not recollect that any detailed account has been pub lished in tv.ir Journals, of Lord Cochrane’s capture of Valdivia, which took place in February last. We luve received, via London, some interesting particulars re specting that gallant aH’air, which vve shall probably publish. Meanwhile vve give the lultuiviug extract of a letter as containing tne latest accounts from Chili, which bad been received in England. It is from a British oilicer, and is dated Valparaiso, Mat) 2, ltiio.—Nat. Advocate. Tim posession of Valdivia is of the ut most importance to this government, lu the bauds of the Spaniards it would easily enable them to raise and maintain gueril la-, if notan army, upon tile banks of the tiio Bio, and thereby keep the province of Conception in nconsUnt state ofulunn. rLey might even extend their views to the capital, upon the first favorable op portunity. The assistance of (lie royal- ist malcontents, and banditti, would not a little facilitate a project of the kin Ail tuesc hostile parties w ill now lie sup- prasv-d, and the Chilfcsu government will he able to recruit its army from the de lightful province of Conception, instead of being obliged to employ a force there to prevent the excursions of the Span iards. The country round Valdivia is delight ful. The perpetual verdure reminds in; of England. The soil is rich and capable of producing every tiling in great abund ance. The Spaniards attached no value to it, because there are no gold mines. The Chilese look upon it as a most dis agreeable spot, from the rains width prevail during a great part of the year.— Fhis country, like many others in South America, only requires a population to make it a delicious residence. The tem perature is more suitable to the Euro pean constitution than any ! have yet seen. The burning, or olliervv isa clear- the now impenetrable forests, would still further improve it, by rendering it less humid. The fertile plains ofOsor- n? were colonised by the father of the Supreme Director, O’Higgins, and now supply Chiloo and Valdivia with corn flour, &c. Major Beuclief lias marched to Osoruo, at the head of 200 men, to ex pel the parties formed by the runaways from the garrison of Valdivia, where they ■commit great depredations. The inhabi tants have formed themselves into com panies for ttie same purpose, and have already destroyed them in great num bers. Many of them will doubtless es cape to Cliiloe, but it is an arduous inarch ; there are two or three very difficult rivers to pa«s, and they are at present wandering about without know ing which way to turn. The conquest of Valdivia, the Gi braltar of South-America, will not he properly appreciated in England, be cause its amazing strength is not there generally known, and the numerical weakness of the little handful of assail ants may he overlooked. All the bat teries, forts, uud castles, garrisoned by COO regulars, were carried by assault, or abandoned bv the enemy in n few hours. Panic struck by the boldness and rapidity of our movement, the enemy lied in the greatest confusion, after having been driven from two or three strong and im norlant posts, where considerable oppo- vvas at first made. Lord C09brane me ttrong fort of Agnz, situated on ,1 eminence and surrounded partly by the sea ind partly by an impend"able wood, approachable only by a narrow path on the sea shore, the entrance to which was diTqidcd by a gun boat ; two 24 poun ders on tiie ramparts commanded the while extent ; 130 men within were coixpletely protected from the effects of oui fire by well constructed breast works. We were, however, resolved upo» stormingii, mid the marine artillery advanced in a noble manner, under one of die hottest fires ofgrape and musketry I ever witnessed ; but of 70 employed, IC were killed and 1C wounded ; the 125 infantry did not lose many. The wounded were all re-embarked. In the retreat the attachment of the men to wards the British utlicors was very all single disturbance having occurred up to the present moment. In less than fourhours after the arrival of ~ 1 "“' n ' I d - > October 5. Lord Holland asked whether his Majesty 1 ! government were a concuring party to tint the first regiment (to whom the effecting menacing arrangement.. which Austria and . v - iiin Prussia were now engaged m, in consequence 0 this glorious event is exclusively due) of thc proceedings of other nations. Ill ,1” nil the regulni’ troops, and even rtetuch ments from all the militia corps in the city nnd suburbs entue to join their fel low soldiers upon the. first news of what hud taken place. The oilicer who came commanding tins first regiment is u no bleman, a Brigadier in tie army, who had been sent to their barracks by the com mander in chief for the purpose of rea ding to them the Proclamation of the Ex governors, in consequence of an intima tion lie received from the major of the regiment, staling lbut a spirit of discon tent- reigned amongst the soldiers.—The Brigadier having arrived at the barracks found the regiment all under linns, and having acquainted them with the mission lie came upon, they answered they were resolved not to hearken to any further proposals, but immediately proceed to the government palace, and there openly declare for the Oporto party, and in case they were not seconded by tho people, and were opposed by any force, they would make way with their bayonets, and join tiie insurrection.—They then re quested the Brigadier to side with them and take the command, who seeing their resolute determination accepted the oi ler. As soon as all the troops were drawn up in the square, six temporary governors worn elected.—Four officers of high rank and families—a high Eccle siastic dignitary, and the son of a rich merchant, and great landholder, all men ol noted talents and uiianiinnusly approv ed of. And thus in five hours, without any preconcerted plan, were the go vernors of a kingdom deposed, others e- lected in their stead, and upwards of three thousand soldiers assembled under arms, without bloodshed, rioting, or tu multuous confusion of any description 1 !! At night the city appeared spontaneous ly illuminated and parties of all classes thronging about the streets cheering (he King—the soldiers—nnd promised cou stitutiou ; more v.'iih the appearance of Priests, with lattCes and crosses, exhor- celebrating art annual festivity—than a ting tiie garrison to exterminate all the heretics and insurgent* for the love of Jesus Christ. Lord Cochrsnc, percei ving the Cilitotes showed no disposition to avail themselves of his presence and as sistance to throw off the Spanish yoke, sailed tho same night. It wtiulifbe dif ficult to obtain nnd keep possession of an island, garrisbner: by nearly 2,000 regu lars besides militia, unless the inhabitants were disposed to favor the enterprise. LATE FROM 1’ORTUG A ft Philadelphia, Novi 20. By the brig Shamrock, c.lpt. Pickle, who left Lisbon, 21st Sept, we have been favored with the following interes ting details of the progress of the Revo lution iii that capital : Ou tne 2-1th August, nit. tho installa tion of a new government infilling itself— Supreme government, ad interim, took place at the city of Oporto, amidstdbe universal acclamations and choorings of all classes of people, manifested in an unprecedented style of order and sobri ety , insomuch that not a single disagreea ble occurrence(generalIy incident onsudi occasions) was witnessed throughout the whole day, though the jov of all orders was unbounded. The object of this Provisional Junta, or government, is the deposition of the present Regency of the Kingdom ami tho convocation of an as sembly of the representatives of all the different classes, simil ir to the Spanish Cortes, wherein a permanent constitu tion may he. framed, adapted to tho inter ests and for the future security uud pre servation of the lives and property of every person, until this glorious event, subject to the capricious tyranny of some rapacious despots—the satellites of al most witless, though harmless monarch*. This revolt, or other assertion of the national rights of man, communicated ra pidly to all the neighbouring towns, chief ly among the military, and was every w here adopted with the same unanimity, though the E- •governors made every ef fort in their power to quell the insurrec tion, by sending large parties of troops from this city and suburbs to oppose it ; ut w liich fortunately cither stood neuter or joined tiie opposite party. 'l'lie capital of the Kingdom, Lisbon, till continued in the greatest quietness, though all the inhabitants openly expros sed the most ardent desire that a re form of administration might take place ; hut merely placing placards about the streets. Tilings were in this state of pusillanimous apathy, anxiously awaitin' the approach of the Oporto troops until Friday the 15th iust. tho anniversary of the evacuation of this city by the French army in 1800, w hen suddenly a regiment of infantry marched into the square oppo site the Palace of government, proclaim ing the Constitution, with the most enthu siastic rejoicings, which were immedi ately re-echoed, by an immense multitude revolution effected liy armed men, en tirely altering the system of udministru lion of a Kingdom. And still every per son testifying the siucercst loyalty to the reigning dynasty. A still more interesting spectacle pre sented itself on the Sunday following ; this surpasses all description—Language canuot pourtray it. Two elegant squares, lined ou every side with well clad, fine looking Soldiers ; several general offi cers in the centre richly apparelled ; aid-de.-cnmps coursing along iu every direction conveying orders—at the head of one of the squares, in u large balcony window ten or twelve of the most distin guished persons, all magnificently dress ml, receiving from iheir countrymen the grateful effusions of iheir gratitude, for the liberty and independence that day secured to them—every window crowd eJ w ith ladies waving their white hand kerchiefs &. occasionally throw ing down wreaths of (lowers on the officers as they passed under—and add to ull this ah im mense multitude collect*J around on every spare spot, pressing upon the mi litary so, as hardly to allow them space to moyu in, and from flip countenance of every one of whom joy and satisfaction were beaming forth, unsullied even by the most trivial disagreeable accident. Here was a scene which the most flint- hearted stoic could not have seen uu- tnoved. Even ut the Theatres for three nights past the ladies have sung altogeth er the patriotic hymns, and several gen tlemen recited pieces of poetry compos ed on the occasion. We are now anxiously expecting the governor from Oporto, whose proceed ings, together with those here, have been all along dictated by the strictest honor and prudence—no revenge for private quarrels—no punishment of those who huso misused the power with which they wore entrusted ; hut merely displacing those w ho have abused their oCicers aud endered themselves unworthy to servo the state. All English officers sewing in the army have been dismissed, though in the most satisfactory manner possi ble. ed the question because he felt peraundet} the answer would be creditable tn ministers, honorable to the couiitry and saticUctery to the house. The Karl uf Liverpool mid he hod no diffi culty whatever in saying that it was nr. part of the present poliey of this country to i.itcr- fere in the (Minding circumstances of other stale*—(hear, hear)—England was neither directly, nor indirectly a party to the ar- rangemmiis of any kind that may be curry* ing 011 upon the continent. Charleston, Dec. 1. Letters of (lie 18th Oct. wen- received in town yesterday from Liverpool, via Savannah, brought by tho ship Meridian, arrived at that port.—The following is an extract of a li tter of the above date', from Messrs, Rathbo.ne, Hoduhon U Co. :— “ in Cotton, wc have no alteration to notice for the last three days. The de mand has been uniformly steady, nnd tho small advance upon the prices of last week, bus been supported. I he sales, however, have nveruged little more than 1000 bags per day. Those of Upland yesterday, cousistc.il of ordinary to good quality, at 9 1-2dn II I-2d ; and in Sen- Island, of good, at 20 fine at 22d per lb.” The reduction of the price of cotton, is much and feelingly deplored. After tho destruction of the freshes, the rava ges of the rot, and the early check to vegetation by frost, it must be painful to a planter to sell the remain* of a crop for 13 ceuts a pound. But some conso lation may be reaped from the reflection, tlint it is a universally levelling system; flour, the great staple of the North, is proporiiouably low ; all markets seem likewise glutted with that article ; and it is probable that the prices of other northern commodities will be graduated to the same scale. The provisions of the West, which ure produced in Rbun- dance, ure offered at equally reduced prices. Let us hope that the National und State Legislatures will duly consider the general depression, and will prompt ly meet the crisis with a corresponding reduction of salaries, compensations, and all public demands ; and particularly that Cougress will fairly examine the 0- peration ofthis general reduction of pro* perty on the revenue system, as it regard* protecting duties, which in effect, are ac* tuallv doubled, without the aid of n law, by the depreciation of labor, provision*, am) staple commodities. They will then rather lessen than increase the tariff on importation*; reduce * he salaries and compensation throughout the union ; lower the pdy of the army, and particu larly of the officers and seamen in the na* ry, while there is no danger from th* competition of commerce, of a loss of their services—by which means a spirit of ecimomy and retrenchment, so highly necessary at this time, may be disused throughout the nation. [Pee Dee Gazette, 15th insi.J that almost instantaneously tilled up the '■ups the only imiu that would have! square, expressing the must extravagant such an enterprise, and no! demonstrations of joy, though perfectly avo displayed more preseve- 1 free’ from any riotous confusion ; not Savannah, Nov. 29. LATEST FROM ENGLAND. By the arrival of the Ship Meridian, Cupt. Staples, in 42 days from Liverpool, we have received 11 Liverpool paper oftbo even ing of the 1 -2th of Oct. which conlaius Lou don dates to the tilth. Cotton tvus still uirthc decline, especially in- arior qualities, which it was expected would fall to (id per lb. The revolution in Portugal is said to have been completed by 1I10 accession of Lisbon to tbe cause of Freedom. The paper before us contains very little more, ill an the examination of the Queen’s witnesses, who alt testify in her favor, and many of them give nditect contradiction, to circumstances stated by the witnesses on the part of the prosecution—Respectability of character is so decidedly preponderant on the side of her Majesty’s testimony, that where, conflicting slateuieuts present them selves, little doubt cau bo entertained to which party credence ought to bo given.— The following incidental observations were made in tho House uf Lords. THE N. CAROLINA SEVENTY FOUR. Philadelphia, Nov. 15. We yesterday had tho satisfaction of viewing the head intended for this *u* peril sliip ol war. It is the figure of Sir Walter Raleigh, tbe first founder of the State of North Carolina, executed by Air. Rush, ofthis city, whose skill and judgment in the sceince of sculpture, i* known and admired in every part of th* world where Philadelphia vessels ar* known. It must ba an additional satis* faction to our fellow-citizens of North Carolina, after I Living the fortunate lot of giving 11 name to one of the finest ves sels m the world, to have her prow orna mented, with a masterly likeness of their original founder, by ene of the ablest ar tists of Pennsylvania.—The bust of Sip Walter is acknowledged, by the ablest judges, to be nu admirable portraiture from the first prints extant. 'Flic Commissioners of live Nary, in ordering this significant h-isd for this no ble ship, have evinced n judgment that reflects credit upon tbeir understanding end national feeling.—Gazette. MR. GUILLE. Philadelphia, Nov. 25. On Thursday afternoon Mr. GuiJIf gratified the citizens of Philadelphia w th a very spleudid exhibition. At 3 o’clock ho ascended form Vauxhall Garden, in the presence of many thousand specta tors, in a cur attached to his balloon.-** While the balloou was rising he repen- todly waved his hat and flog. After he hud risen tl «, proper elevation, he disen gaged the parachute, to which had been connected a basket, containing a live mon key, which gradually and safely descen ded to tbe earth. The balloon then rose to a greater height, aud remaining thus elevated for some nvinutes, Mr. Guille opened the valve of the balloon and deceuded in Miintua village, on the west side of Schuylkill, without sustaining any injury. A large concourse of people anxious fdF* liis welfare, followed him to the place of his descent, and had the pleasure of iviiuessiog his safe return to the Garden - from winch he had ascended- V