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SOUTHERN RECORDER. VOL. I. MILLEDGEV1LLE, TUESDAY, JANUARY % 1821. No. 47. PUBLISHED WEEKLY, (on TUF.RDATS) nv s. GRJ YTL.I.Yf) ^ R. M. OK MR, AT 'I'll It I'. K DOUARS, Iff ADVANCE, on FOUR 1101,1,Alia AT THE EXPIRATION OF THE TEAR. II }* Advertisements conspicuously inserted at llio ciistntmuy rules. PROSPECTUS OF TUfc YAuVav\c\\A\va Jo\m\a\ OF Tim MEDICAL PHYSICAL SCIENCES. lUhlcd by X. C1UPM.W, M l). FRorr.ssoR or the institutes ano practice of medicine and ci.inicai. PRACTICE, and ROBERT M. PdTTERSOX, M. D. PROFESSOR OF NATURAL PHILOSOPHY, iiC. Sic IN TPE I NIVBRSITV OF PENNSYLVANIA. To be published by M. Cam Son, Philadelphia. In (lie four quarters of the globe, who reads mi American Iwok ? or goes to un Aiuerieun piny ? or looks ut an American picture or st a . Inc ? IVhal does (lie irorld yet oue to Jlmt/rican ]‘hysicians or Surgeons ? EdlnliurgliReview, No. LXV. Next to the invention of the »rt of print ing, periodical publications probably exercise the most beneficial influence ill awakening literary curiosity, ami diffusing knowledge. Of their utility in these respects, we have conclusive evidence, in the extent of their multiplication, and the eagerness with which they arc sought after and encouraged, in every enlightened country. Deriving tbeit materials from many k. dif ferent sources, they arc accommodated more readily than any other species of writing to the varieties of taste, and the several conditi ons of intellectual capacity, and improve ment. To the United Slates, productions of this nature would seem to he singularly adapted. An inquisitive and reading people, we are. however, so widely dispersed, as to render access, for the most part, exceedingly diffi cult to libraries, and other auxiliaries oflearn- injC. To these inconveniences, which flic me dical profession, in common with the rest of the community, experience, others, more pe culiarly incidental to it, may be added.— Engaged in the discharge nf duties incon ceivably oppressive, and with a penurious, mid wholly inadequate reward, not a few of our practitioners have neither the means to collect, nor the leisure to pursue elaborate works, or to pursue with regularity, any course of systematic study. Expedients, therefore, cannot fail to prove, acceptable, in their arduous and perplexing avocations, which arc calculated, in any measure, to les sen expense, economise time, or abridge la bor. No scheme, in relat.on lo these purposes, obviously combines so many advantages, as a well conducted Journal. Being afforded it a moderate price, it comes within the ompetency of every one, and conveys, in a .ondensed shape, over the widest expanse nf Hintrv, the earliest intelligence of the dis- ivories and improvements in science, penc- .<ting into places, from which more ponde rous tomes, and literary vehicles, are entire ly excluded. ’ Nor in another view, fi it scarcely less suited to the existing condition of the pro fession. Destitute of liberal leisure, and with too little of that sort of discipline so es sential to the greater and more complicated literary performances, we have the talent abundantly distributed, which excels hi short and miscellaneous compositions. Tile preceding considerations, have h -ul no small share, in the pro notion of the present undertaking. But weighty as they are, we confess the operation of other incitements, not less cogent and impressive. Ever since the establishmentofo'ir Jitt/rpet*- dence, it luis become tlie habit of Europe, ve ry wantonly to traduce oor national charac ter, our institutions, and achievements. Calumnies from this source, have been so long tacitly endured, that they really seem now to be raised, as it were, under the sanc tion of prescriptive privileges, anti on each repetition, to be marked by fresh acrimony and insolence. Even allowing that we are as deficient as is alleged, in literary and other polite attain ments, it does not at all militate against oor pretensions lo genius, or to generous views, and dispositions. Candidly examined, our history will show, that in whatever emirs, the energies of our people have been itirect ed, there ivc are eminently distinguished. ll would be alien to the occasion, and not compatible with our limits, to prosecute, ij any detail, the discussion of this very in) teresting subject. Enough, perhaps, will lit contained, to answer our immediate, object, in the simple affirmation, that the more < lo- gant occupations of the mind, arc the lost t> arrest the attention of a people, and as expe rience teaches, have atone flourished m the maturest state of society. Cast on a deso late shore, our first care, was to provide l«r the proximate necessities of life, and next to lav those solid foundations, on which, may he perceived, through the vista of no distort fu.urltv, '0 arise the most splendid cdifne of national happiness, prosperity and glory Be the charge renewed, it may he mine distinctly replied, that we arc still in the stab in which the useful is prawned to thcornf- mental, St that as in the ease.of manufacturer being readily supplied from abroad, we ha * taken no pains to force the culture of lit. ^ ture or the fine arts by the warmth of h.d- viilual patronage, or legislative provisions.! No part of the reproaches to which « have alluded, can, with ft shadow o tmslij, be extended to the profession ofmedtciP ( Emphatically, we have (lone onr out), ji Sy be safely said, that in no country urt- dicL strictly defined, better understoodirr more successfully practised than in tlict- States. • European physicians do surpass us,m classical education, and in variety, dep extent of erudition. But in acuteness of fc- netration, and promptness of remedial jc source,—in that species of tact, uitlU which genius is cold, anu knowledge merj tUr power w hereby the means are accurte '.V adapted In the end, and which in the treatment of disease confers vigour ami olfi- Money, we are unrivalled. Doubts ns to the soundness of this posi- lion, will at once lie dissipated, by reference to the periodical arid other recent publica tions ol Europe, in which may be traced doctrines and modes of practice, long pre valent among us, now eagerly adopted and very generaIly approved. It is not difficult to assign some of the cau ses ol this superiority. Necessity is the strongest incentive to exertion, and in all its tendencies, is original and inventive. It is the fate, as previously intimated, of a large proportion of those who toil at the profession among us, to lie so situateil^as lo command few ill the ordinary advantages, and hence they are driven mainly on their own resources. Neither perverted by prejudice, nor enfee bled by any undue reverence for authority, the medical mind of the country was every where upon to the reception of new impres sions, when thirty years ago, the pestilence which has since wasted jjur cities, made its appearance in a guise so anomalous and vio lent, ns to render the existing principles of the science inapplicable, and to engage, us in- tensly in a wide scope of observation and re search. As new lights were elicited, correspondent changes took place, and the spirit of refor mation continuing lo move on, eventually led to one of those revolutions, incident to the history of medicine, in which views were, established, more pertinent to the condition ot the diseases .lour climate, and in stricter conformity to the general advances of human knowledge, during a season of such active exertion. It may he collected from the foregoing observations, that among our leading turns, will lie to trace the progress of medicine in the U. States, to vindicate, our claims to cer tain improvements, to preserve these, as well as what may hereafter he done, from foreign usurpation, and lastly to evolve, anil stimulate the genius of the country to. invi gorated efforts, by holding out a respectable and more permanent repository for its pro ductions. CimnecU d intimately with one of the schools, from which lias emanated a large share of these improvements, and where medicine is still most ardently culti vated, we shall have peculiar facilities in me execution of this part of our iilan, though, at the same time, we are sensible, that much has been accomplished elsewhere, and is therefore to he drawn from other sources, k by the help of such as are friendly to our undertaking. There is no section of t'ne Union without able and intelligent im dieiil men, or which does not present the amplest field forthedis play of talent, the extension of knowledge and the consequent acquisition of fame...— Confessedly, the indigenous medicinal vege tables have hitherto hern inipfl fectlj* hives ligated, and much remains to be performed m relation to medical topography,—in tin history of ephtemics, or more common dis eases, as modified by cl.mate, the Reasons,, the state of weather, the habits of society and other localities, anil peculiar eircumstan. ces,appertainin'; to (lie infinite diversities o our widely spread territories. Communications on these points, so curi- onsin themselves, and of such high practical import, ns well as on subjects, which inort commonly enter into the eonsti.liitian of mis cellanies of this description, are earnestly so licited. Nor do we confine our views exclusively to mere technical mtdirine. tSonleinplaUd in a shape so limited, whatever may lie its boasted usefulness, onr profession loses hid! its elevation ami dignity. The physical sciences, or at least tin branches having the closest affinity t" medi cine, shall share our ;• (etilion. Exuberant in objects nf curiosity, the United States most unquestionably tilibvd the finest opportuni ties fur the cultivation of .his species of know ledge. Contributions, which tend to eluci date any part of our natural history, in the widest sense of Hie term, we shall always gladly receive. Criticism will regularly occupy; a part of nor space. As our wish, however, is to in struct, arid uot to censure, or gratify our own ' vanity by wantonly wounding the. aunsibili- iy of another, we shat! restrict the exercise of it tn those works only, which have indis putable claims In notice, b) the value of their matter, or the merit of execution, and there by lie spared the pain of contending with unresisting feebleness. Native medical li terature, by which we now mean, the art of elaborate writing, is still pretty much in its infancy, and we an;persuaded may he more promoted by tlu* language of tenderness and encouragement, than by any severity of ani madversion, or harsh exposure of its defects. Deviations from the rule, of conduct we. have presented ’to ourselves, will only be found in eases ol. obtrusive impertinence, or mpfriea! pretensions, and under such cir cumstances, vve sh ill ever be mindful of the legal maxim, “ that the judge is condemned when the criminal escapes.” To complete, our design, vve mean at stat ed intervals, to give ananaljMs of the Fo reign Journals, so copious as tn embrace, the most interesting of llu ir contents, and lo ex hibit the progress abroad, of medicine, and the collateral branches of science. Db'thn't f om the obvious advnntngoisvf such a si nop- sis. it is especially demanded by the cost and difficulty of procuring tic wot Its themselves. Extraordinary too, as it may appear, it cun, perhaps, tie here only executed with fidelity. Controlled by hostile feelings, and the earnest jealousies, the most enlightened na tions of Europe, uni! with whose literary proceedings we are chieily conversant, per petually-offer proof of a mutual spirit of in justice, in the supprescion or depreciation of each others merits, and more particularly, in relation to medical improvements. Too neutral in our position, tube warped or in fluenced by such considerations, vve are i:i this case, the best prepared to institute a can did inquiry, and pronounce a just and im partial decision. After so ample an exposition of onr mo tives and views, vve might, perhaps, be saved the declaration that in conducting thin Jour nal no traces of local partialities, or sectional prejudices shall he. discerned. Characteris ed iiid)' by liberality, science turns with dis gust from whatever partakes of narrowness and favouritism. We look to the profession at large, for countenance ami support of a scheme that deeply concern* the whole, and which we ave sensible, ettn only succeed by general approval mid cordial co-operation. An enterprise, such ns vve meditate, vigor ously sustained by the various ability which we hope to enlist in its service, is eminently suited, in our deliberate opinion, to promote the best interest of medicine, and in llm illus tration of its character, to conduce in no slight degree to the moral ascendancy and intellectual glory nflhe country. CONDITIONS. 1. The work sha 1 lie issued in quarterly, numbers,each to contain about two hundred pages, handsomely printed in fine,paper. 2 The price will he, six dollars per annum, payable on delivery of the second nuim er. Gentlemen at a distance who wish to n'rcive the work, will have it sent by mail or other wise, as they may direct, on enclosing In the publishers one year’s subscription. tJ. No subscription to lie discontinued ex cept at the end of a year. 1. The first number will appear iu No vember. ILT Subscription* received by Dr. T. I tfrea/ and d m. J. Hobby, of Augusta, mid Wiilinm /’ H'illiams, Savannah. ber ol the union. The question became one nf graver consideration, when it was considered that it was proposed now to extend this participation lo an object winch was not in the cuniemplutn if those who formed the constitution ol me United States, who looked iu ttieir pro visions to ilie territory then in possession of the United States, ami probably had never calculated on the admission of states out of territory beyond the original limits of the United Mates, i hv» high power was given to congress ; and alter the discussion of last session, it was needless to say was given without limita tion. The power is, *• to ad mil nevi slates into tite union"—it is granted in the broadest and most comprehensive manner—at J it mu.Id seem to follow, as the consequence of this gram of gen eral authority, that congress possessed every power and authority necessary lu its lair exercise. \\ h.utever power wa le.lily given to congress, it was their do ty lo oxi rct«e, mid not Inrn it over to ii OUSE OF li EPR ESE.VIITl iSS. i ltlKSllAT, Dec. 7. M1SM)U 111. The House then tvaolred itself into a committee of the whole, dir. JYeison, o| V a. in the chair, on die resolution de claring the ttltnission of .Missouri into the i iiton on an dpi il footing with the other states of the Union. And the question having been again staled— Mr. Sf.iigeaxt rose. Of the sne,-< I, which he delivered, occapvi tg up" .a i- ef two hours time, the following must in considered ns a free but not a very t li t eport. Mr. S. began by saying that this sub ject had be en so long mid so much talked of, and written ol, i-t was so m toil con nected with considerations arising out of the question so much debated at the last session, that, he hardly doubted even member of litis committee had for hi r.seit made up his mind on the immediate ques tion.' It was nut, therefore, with any great hope of persuading others, that tie now rose, hut from a wish to explain the grounds of his nivn opinion, which war- entertained with so much siaeftritv that he could not permit himself to doubt th t the opinion of every member nflhe com mittee u;ts entertained with equal since rity, and that the question would bo de cided, as it ought to ho, on its real me rits. Vv ith respect to the question hinted at by the gentleman from South Carolina, and discussed at the last session, Mr. 3. said lie did not agree wi;li him that the decision of the question now before tii • House depended upon the decision ol the question agitated at the last session; How far that question might be invol eJ in the present question might he a sub ject for consideration ; but iudependent ly o| that question, the one now f resen ted was a very important one. I Ibwevf r minute in itself, if it extended button single provision of the Constitution pre- -oiited by t li a people of Mivsdori, it yet involved considerations which those, who had listened to the arguments of the <t ri- tieman from South Carolina, must sen, went to the w hole extent cf (letoninn- itig what power actually remained, in Congress with regard iiranv ttfnitrsrv af ter authorising them to forme C"ii tint- tion—vvhnl they have a right to insist upon, vvhnl they have a right to do and say upon the subject—in short, the ques tion whether congress have nr tune not the power at all under the constitution of the United States, with inspect t" the admission of a new slate into the Union, after the passage cf an act authorising the people to form a constitution. It could not he doubled of denied, Mr. 3. admitted, that there was, in look nay uther department, cutili hi: ^ in il to cure the delect which ronji e m fciltJtH'trd iu pass uncorrecled. There was no- vt'itic; in the constitution ot tin Si;it<*.s which c.H.iiti : .ui . .1 a noren! course. It is our n^hi .i•..i . ,i sty, said Mr. 3. when i M ilv i :rr lui admission into i... 1 i ni<• i - e lhai site c in come into tii ■ !.. . 1<!" lilt* constitution of il:United *. ,u<! in • 'iiilui'.i.ity w nil lis.piui i,i .is i orctii- t linly, a hatei r a ere t.i • . ; i trlncii I power w is ;pv- .... a • ■ '!.• oi Missouri to fo■ III a CIJHSO.'.' i'll . > Ml- ;r,'inic 21' ID 111 of <! i i I * 11 i.(J P» ! W rw»nS* | to lii.tl hv i no to 11 .i, that wlii , V of tld.Tliltlilg igre-.s authori- i' 1 lust it ilioa ami could for n single lull power w.,s ru-v i-ud the constiiu.i or t.» bring into the constitution wa* no? i the United Uun es. ! Ivii* bee;, an oxercD congress bey mid the would ha ,,n iiiimunl' count fir—an in, u. constitution of the. i. : would Ilf; iiupi'.-slidl Oil’ll''. It would th"tvf:rv s, inch). ,.i to tlv , states mi' too in , .■ o d t ter: ilci \ to i i; ; state go, m u,ti-. i ,i imislitiitiop. ;o tn I'miiefl, conformable to t"« coni: ■tm.j. of the Uni efi S.tiros, and Ike Lie teni.ory tint- aulhon.si\i doi ■■ mu m any sim.e become a slate, iintil slu- tn, I, rrned s'leli n con. stitetinn. Our. pov cr, s ii,J Mr. 5. is in admit and incidentally to authorise, tiic lomiatioii of a constiiuti m, with a view to 'ad.ni^tstmi. Il.i .e c.fing’,".iss the power to authorise a people tn firm a constitu tion 'ind state govermneut sovereign mn independent of the Umi-'d f. tales ? No • the power In authorise a people t i form a i ousiilulion is an implied pow er, sub ordinate to lie' full power, which never plleclunlly is exercised until t!ie ant of admission subsequently to the l.irmnlioa of n.confi'ilution. Mr. ,S. said he nude tiicsa remarks in the outset, to meet .it once ti:i aegumcat et the itii Hiber from Ho uh Uarolini, wliicli wits plausible, c , i .ti.ig, an ' seemed to ho calculate.> s.iniotli t'i> way. and remove f". cr. ditkculty. That uigument w ns, t.iut tlie state, t. o.n the moment of its formation <d\v cornditmion. became an iinlcpcnile.iit and sovereign -late. Where, said Mr. S. is your pow er in the constitution to m ike such a stale ; V our powcr is to admit slates min ihe Union, mid your power to authori/,e (he people of a territory to form a con stitution is merely niiii'iidinaie .and sub sidiary to the main power. Can vou a I- rnit a state by anticipation, tlenian lias suggested i You transcend vour authority it you do so, Mr. S. ven- I ired to say, that Congress never had in? at the admission of states into the j *° i J ! 'M H>c.V could not do so ; nud l T nion, heretofore, at least an apparent irregularity, and much of apparent dis order. If. however, .any inference were to be drawn from precedents tn the case, it would he, that there never had been any precise examination of the powers of congress in this respect—no establish ed mode cd’ndmissjon—or in other words, that there had ber-n every variety of mode, l or the sake ofthe future, peace and harmony of the government of the United States ; fur the sake ofthe ter ritories here a I ter applying to he admit ted into the Union ; for the sake ofcon- eresa alone, said Mr. S. it i* incumbent on us all to examine the grounds of this question ; to see w hat arc onr 'rights, and whiit theirs, and deduce, f. tun a full consideration of these, a file which shall be uniform as to the states hereaf ter to be admitted into the Union, and v:v some sense or other, every tm inner ot ihe committee would agree with him in the opinion. Could congress, by an ticipation,/mid itself to the admission of u stale, (for such was the argument yester day pressed upon the committee) so as to have no choice hut to accept such a Constitution as that state chose to offer ? Surely not ; lint according to the argu ment advanced by the gentleman from South Carolina, not only was the present congress in he bound liv the act of the last sos-,ion, hut the present congress might, by tin act passed now, bind the next congress lo the admission of a state into the union. Was the authority given by congress [o a people to form a con stitution, a,compact with them tint the' Should he admitted into tin: union on any other terms than those prescribed to them ? For one, Mr. S. said, lie did not free from the danger of exposing us to (himself hound, !>v giving the nu- contests such as that which appears lo ! thority to a people to form a constitution, have, arisen on the present occasion, i to admit them into the union, unless their The power to admit a state into the Jmnstitption should he such as (lie people Union, no one would doubt, yas a very tof*the United States, through iheir re- high one—a power to part with a por- j | ,r «fientatives, thought lit to accept as the tinn of that authority which was origin-• fondamcntal rule of government ofthe ally vested in the old states, and wl»jch |stivto thus to he admitted, exists in the present states, and to admit: S/then proceeded to say, that he to a participation in our councils, in our *’ 1,1 f 10 * !o p Mor into the ques power, in the control and management of t' 00 r ‘I the last session ; it had been dis- cvcrv thing concerning our rights and mussed enough, lie did not mean to a-1 tee to the terms ot the preamble ol this our property, a new and integral rncni- ■ haudon the opinion which he had then! resolution, wherein it is declared, tbut t formed and expressed, It Ivatl not been formed hastily, but carefully and deliber ately, and tie bad seen no reason to change Itis mind upon it. Without going into tli.it question at all, he should pro-, cued to the immediate question presented by the argument ofthe gentleman from South Carolina. ’1 his single question wns, whether it is the right and duty of congress, before admitting a state into the union, to see that Us constitution and state government be not repugnant to the constitution of tlie United Slates. He should have Itoped he said, and he yet hoped, that the opinion would he nearly unanimous in this body, that there might tie such a repugnancy between such »slate ttonpti- tittson, ami the constitution of tlie United Suites, as would not only justify congress iu interfering, but make, it tneir impe rious duty to interfere, to prevent her taking rank m die union. IV bether that was die vase in the present distance, n is he said a different question. I'ne preliminary et»j.iiry was that winch In* nan just stated. It hud been said lii.it Missouri was already ati inde pendent state ; that she has formed a state government under un unlimited au thority from congress ; and that she tins now the same rights as the proudest and oldtv t status hi the union. Ifit be so, said itir. 3. w ii.it u e vve now deliberating ubouv ? Why i 5 it, that the resolution now under consideration, i« propose! tor our avloption ! Why are tins and tiiv: other . :,e called upon to pass a le- gislativ • . i wild li is altogether unneces* , nl which has clauses in it, if this truoiintt he true, which arc extreme- N objectionable ? If this construction be c.irrect, ber senators and represeuta- ti-.'s have a right to their scats on ihe tloot of either house—to unite in the nr,i non counsels on the affairs ofthe u- •lioti, and to give to the votes of Missou ri the sa ne firee ns tiiose of any other state. Why uro they then, said .Mr. S. kept waiting at our doors, and not admit- (•.■'I to partake of our deliberations ?— j Why do they wait mail the fate of this resolution he known ? t was s tid that this resolution was no thing hut a declaration of a fact. Such a notification was nut necessary for the follow t i >i inv -seri.iiura and representatives of .Missouri; it was not necessary for congress, if, the I vet lining known, the fanner had no thing to do, to entitle them to a scat, but to advance to tlie chair of either house and take the oath to support the consti tution ofthe United States. Why was it, moreover, that the constitution ol Aiis- •ouri had been submitted to a committee nftnis house ! Why hail a report been made by that committee, and w hy was this house now discussing it ? And why Was itith.il that report went into an ex amination of a pavticul ir clause ol that constitution, and pointed out the mode iu w hic.li congress were to relieve them selves from I lie task of deciding on it-. constitulioiralV.', by leaving it to the judiciary ? If the gontlemap’s doctrine were true, this is nil superfluous. It is more, said .Mr. S.—for ilie resolution de- < lares that Missouri shall In*, and hereby is dee lured to he on,? of the 11. States, the, lie did not use this reference, he said, for the mere effect of verbal criticism, but for n higher purposes. When a com mittee, composed as that committee was, finds itsMi'under the nece-sity ot present ing a t I'solntioii, to bo adopted by a joint vote of loth houses, dt-.i biting that Mis souri is thereby, not that she lias been, admitted into the union, was it riot as strong e.v'ulouee. us could be lat'nislied that tin iu was qproevhing which seemed to compel those w ho., acted on it to say i« the g ui- j that this declaration of the fact is the vir tual legislation vvliictitii'ings Missouri in- lu she union—which qualifies her for induction Kilo theuubm, and that anteri or to it she was int a st,.te, and not enti tled to be ?—f rom what period, Mr. S. asked, was it, that Missouri was admitt ed into the union ? It would be from the moment of the adoption of this reso lution. Uould it l,e said of any antece dent period ? Here, Mr. S. said, he would avail himself of aut/thcr conces sion of the gentleman from South Caroli na ; and, iu taking to his aid a concession of his, Mr. S. said lie did it with the full impression that it was the result of the conviction of his own mind, and with the benefit, therefore, of the conviction ol such a mind as his. That gentleman had admitted that congres might, if they thought proper, introduce a qualification of their assent to the admission of Mis souri into the union, which shall serve to show its dissent to a particular clause of the constitution of that state. If this re solution, then, ipstead of being merely formal and declaratory, was susceptible of mi amendment by which congress could exclude that interpretation of a particular clause of the state constitution which on its face it bears, would it be said that tlie state wns n member ofthe union without the adoption of that re; solve ? It so, where did congress derive the authority to legislate on the interpre tation nf its constitution ?—Mr. S. fur ther called the attention of the commit- whereus, in pursuance of an act of con gress, &c. the people of the said territo ry did, un the UHb day of July, 1820, by a convention called for that purpose, form for themselves a constitution and state government, which constitution and state government, so formed, is republi can, and in conformity to the provisions of the said net.” The reason assigned for her admission is, that she has formed a constitution in conformity to the provi sions of the act of last seMwy^.^ How ; ould the committee know thiiM By their ow n examination. Could congretWi).^ then, declare this to be the case without* - having examined the constitution of the new state ? Certainly not. And when in the act authorising (he formation of this constitution, were found two limita tions, thut it should be republican and that it should’ not ha repugnant to the constitution of the United States, did it not hi*co*iM> indispensable, before passing a preamble and resolution like this, that the me tubers of this house should bo sa tisfied in their.own minds that these re quisitions have been complied with ? If, in a single article the constitution ofMis- suuri be repugnant to that,of the United States, said Mr. S. can we serioh«ly as s' rt thnt she bar formed a constitution ac cording to the authority given to her f — And, w hen called on to say how vve can reconcile it t<> ourselves to sanction such a contradiction iti terms, will it he suffi- cieut to say that vve h.tic u< tninir to do with that question, and 'o the judiciary to decide it ! v- t< - v; co- thing to do with it! e-. . med Mr. 3er- treuul. IV bv, then, preM riV" to the peo ple of Missouri any condition.- in the first instance ; Why nut say, we gave her a light to form a constitution; she ha 1 for med it, and, whether it be or be not re pugnant to the constitution ofthe United States, slm is n member oftho union ?—- The contradiction was^nfficiently appa rent in the fact ofthe introduction of this resolution : il would be seen «t once, that the house was neither conforming to the constitution of the United States, to the uct ofthe last session, nor to any prin ciple heretofore -observed in the admis sion ofstates. Could it be said that con gress had parted with the power of look ing into the constitution of Missouri, vviten it bud expressly prescribed con ditions which 'should be indispensable to, its acceptance ? The terms ofthe com pact, if the act of the last session was to be considered n compact, between the United States and Missouri, were per fectly clear—mid h« took this opportuni ty ofsaying that, if Missouri was involv ed in difficulty—if congress found itself in perplexity—if the union was disturb ed on this occasion—if this house was impelled to the consideration of ques tions which it was painful to act upon— it was not tlie fault of congre»a—it was not the fault of the constitution of the U. States, but it was the fault of the people of Missouri. It might be their error—un error which they would be glad to avail themselves 6fan opportunity to correct —for, Mr. S. said, ho could not believe that the people of Missouri would have wantonly introduced into their constitu tion a clause at variance with the consti- lutityi ofthe United Stats?s, under an im pression that this act of admission was a mere form. They would not wantonly h ive dune it, for it could not be either their interest or ttieir inclination to try the temper ofthe Congress ofthe United States—to try how far its regard to th® constitution would hear it out in tb ( e con test,-or how far it would consent to sur render a portion of tlie rights of the w hole union to dVoid a difficulty which the people of Missouri have themselves created. There was prescribed to them but one condition': to that condition they had not conformed, and they are not en titled to admission into the union. Th® failure to fulfil the compact is on th® part ofthe people of Missouri—and, said Mr. S. when we come, in a case of this sort, to the question between remanding (Ids constitution for reconsideration, or giving up the smallest possible portion of constitutional power, l trust that the people of every part of the union would bear us out in saying that the ceustitution shall he inviolate ; and th it we shall not be the first to uct a precedent which, be ing Lwluy, may be followed to-morrow, until it involves the very existence of our government. Would the people of Missouri, Mr. S. asked, think more highly of congress, were it to yield to them on this occasion! would they uot hereafter come into tb® Union with more respect for c.ongi and with more respect for themselves too —with a higher sense ofthe value of ad mission into the union, if congress now met this question, thus giving to the people of M issouri an assurance that what was now done with respect to them should be hereafter the rule qf conduct for congress as to others asking admis sion into the Union ? Would it not show to them that congress was disposed to do all in its power to preserve the blessings of this government for them and for their posterity ? \V hat, he asked, would'be the consequence of submission by con gress in the present case ? Missouri will have extorted from us something, a-