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i the r. J'Twitiis, Tn a eonrnicrehljN-w-Arrhnpel. very considerable— hc-idts' hihiting, nrfaijosli.sdoltes on, Ihv
h r, 0 vi;i«i of t»if uiiposl im- i the fine cor.Jitionof lliif feu and ilatfefeiHvs, importation ol lorm^ii apiritH, and
eoine of bra*
S
|toint - - ■ — ■ - , ..
WUiKf-Ihe ftshcric* on that coast, its j tffiry havr many fjel.i j
o >fti -4*1, and its potion in rerani to Chi-1 of the finest cojblruction, in good order anil
ni, which offers thi K*st marUl for the vast j well mounted.
quantities oi fun* taken in tht*** regions, our AM tMes«* supplies have been conveyed to
fiicreasing trade throughout that ocean,
gevtw to demand immediate attention. ^
'(J The co mniltre, from carefully exaroiiiinK
all the fart* coimrcted witU the subject re j
1 fcrred to them, arc w*tl persuaded that the
ftitmtion of the U. Hferi* is such as tn ena
ble it to p«is*o* >< ali the benefits derived from
tbi' 1 trade, (thefur trade,) who h, in the band*
of other#, amount to miliums—many oi
w hoee trading ostAblismeot# <*a»t of t he Rocn v
m » intaina are within the acknowledged li
mit# of the republic, »•* fiK»*d hv the converi
tinn of London of the ftflth of OctoInT, t r i t-
— and. if is behaved, tliat no pow er, w ith the
exception of Spain, has any just claim to
t i itory west of them, or ou the l\mlie.
Tile dependence for aubsMtanro of many of
those establishments* is upon the buflfaloe
beef hinted by the A'sinibom Indian*, who
inb ibit the country between the river of that
Da ne & the Missouri—their li.jtttiitft ground
b far within our bnund.iry. To succeed i
to the people of the LJ. StateB nil
ie wraith flowing from this source, it is on
ly necessary to occupy w ith a small trading
guard the >• nt north-'#item point upon the
Missouri river, and ronfiue the foreigners to
th irowu territory—at the tame time occu-
pring, with ?• similar guard, ll»s mouth of
Columbia. Tiie great profit derived f.o*n
this trade by the Canadian rompauiet, when
xv** know the dri:a ice an I obstructions in
tueir rive-s, and in the rario is streams they
• •vcc.id in carry iug it on, the advance of price
consequent upon it becomes rather a matter
oi’a?)i.*aemeut than other* i^e, and incline*
uh to **xamine our own rivers w ith * view to
t ie s ime ubfect. Inniead. however, of those
f *••,))• Mi) • u is'rftcrioir. we find a smooth
r 11 .It* *p river miming throng!) a boundless
cxi- ■’ of i!ic in N-t f, nilc soil on this conti-
v»»* c.v.itaiwng within its.limits all those va
luable furs * Inch base greatly enriched oth
ers—a certain, «‘*fe, and r**y navigation,
wiih i port*** of only £00 tnilcs, uniting it
with « io!b“rri /cr, fq ially smooth, deep and
cem-uo, nnuiing to ti c great Western O-
re:».i. T:i m are those two great oceans se
parated by a single ports^c of COO miles !
Tin* practicability of aspe* ly.safe, .nd ea
sy com*) f. J'ic,, m ith Hie Pji.'ilje, is no
loipra nait ci of doubt or conjecture—from
i f *r 0 on not to be doubted, the Rocky
IVi tun at tilt# tins •, in sereral pl*tcg, ri
so smootlt and epen that the labor of ten
men f *r twenty dsys would enable a wru c r gon
wiHi its usti.'.l freight to pa at with greut fa-
ciS.ty from trie navigable water of the Mis
souri to that of the 4%>|umbi.i—ju» arfusil
di-l rice from riv er to river several hundred
inies from tiie.r source, that is, from the
great KuM* of Missouri to the fork of Clark’s,
;i> .,»» 1 «3 itilU •*—ibe distance, live re fore,
of .00 miles is to good navigation on the
Columbia, which is the only river of any
magnitude upon th-t whok* coast, north of
the Colorado of California, though iheffrare
several good harbors, secure and safe for ves
sels of any sisae.
T : i" r-gion of country from the ocean to
th** head of tide water, which is about two
hundred miles, is heavily timbered, with a
great variety of wood well calculated for
shipbuilding, r.tid every species of cabinet
or carpenter’s work—though there* is a hea
vy timbered country thence for 400 miles
further, yet it is of a leaser growl h, and qua
lity not so durable--st that point commenc
es the plain country, when the soil becomes
more till l, and almost without wood, until it
arrives ul the table lands below the moun
tain ; though the soil of this region is mil so
good as io any other part of this great valley,
yet it produces grass of the finest quality,
and is emphatically called the region favora
ble to the prnd'K.tloi) #f the li«»r»e—this no
ble animal so far surpassing all others in use-
fuluesu. courage, and awiftness, is iicn* pro-
duced in greater per^ction than even in An
dalusia, or Virginia. But. independent of all
the wealth whicli may be derived from the
fur trade of tlx) river, am) the Missouri, the
security too which the peace of this coun
try would find iu tin* ioflococ. width tilt
A ntrivitn lr.idtrs would obtain oter the na
ti»M. is, (he inerrasin ;r to.nine rets in thi-
WeMernOcesn. There is no employmeot
»■' >vo|| I'j1riil'?trd to malio good r.-ainen a,
th” iriiale fi-lii-rie., width are known to be
m •.• profitable on thi> towel than any oth-
r: it the Min* time the oil j, f ar preferable
I, l it taken on aoy other eoast, l.aiug clear
» id tr« 't|nrent a . rock naler. Wliil-t so
in iay of our ci'iiene are industriously en-
g . ;a.l in the tarioaa Imni'hes of trade in
t'eoe .pas, more ralu.ildf to litis eountrr il
is lediered than any oj.er, whilst all nali nil
who lm*e rl.lm np-mtli.it roast, and . irne
who 'nve no ie, are anxinua to occupy sonic
pi.-noo'i upon it, even at a vast expense, to
enable them to |iarticip»te in its benc-
fits—we have neglected to extend to it any
portion of our carp, tli rupn it appears, frmn
the beet iliformation, tlir.t there is at this
ti i • rglil ni lii nis i f properly owiiwl liy
cit'/pns of tins repnhlic in the i’aciflc O-
cean,
Rnaals, whose doniioions on the Asiatic
«n: 't.ormpy nearly tile same position upon
that side, which ours do in. this, lias long
been well iafnrmed of the great and inerras-
ing valnp oflhe coinmerci—aid whilst slit
has been no where visible, not even tn the
powers of Kurnpr, only as atir has of late ta
ken n.iri in a few memorable enterprises,
the has h-en felt every where—no labor,
c.ire, or expena., is avoided, to make tribu
tary the fnor quarters of the. globe—forts,
magazine*, to.vns, cities, and .‘-.idc, seem to
arise on that roast as if by ui.gic—with an
army of a million of men, the sits not only in
proud -eeurity as it rrgsrds Europe, and iiie-
nurrs the Turk, the Persian, the. Japanese,
and Chinese, but even the King of Spain’,
dominions in North America are equally es
av of access, and equally exposed to tier
fearful weight of power. ' Her watchfulness
is ever in adiance, in discerning the most
practicable avenues to profitable commerce.
In the midst of all her busy arrangements
bile has not neglected the opportunity of |mis-
acsing herself of two important latinos on
the American shore of the Pacific, the one
at a p'ace calk'd New-Arclmngel, in about
59 of north lat. lb- other at itm.iga Kay, in
Jjtit de SO, St. At the former »f these mi-
liti. ry positions, for the protection of lur
Ct. ti.nerce it ia presumed, she has inenrred
evicli expense, and built a fort of great
strength, ••tutted upon one of the last har-
b ire on the coast, standing in upon a point
of land projecting into the little hay, giving
•wmelimes tin* appearance of a conical isl
and in in* eentr.vivf—t!;i* A»rf is Wei! snp-
l!i 1 itail liriM. wj<h provisions and milita-
t - I.es, io .urting an hniidred and twenty
■. ! i c*rr?i.^g heoSlb fmin eighteen to it
vl‘ sratehr. Tint at Rndigs is vreU eon-
. «Cl*"!*P : '«'* *»i'h cannon, and has
Mt r^B^-,t ’.his poiut they h .»* am-
idane«,«nd
U WStil A*
those places through immense oceans, round
Cape llorn, which would h ve appalled any
lint Russian policy and perseverance.
The light articles destined for this trade
are transported from St. Pctcrsbnrgh in
sledges which will perforin in three months
that which would require two summer* of
water conveyance tn effect—th-ir commnm-
rations are o|ten to Kamtschntka, to fort St.
Petre,ami St. I’aul, 1^ Ohotsk.in the i’aci-
I lie, where they have the finest harbor in the
world, the distance is estimated at ten thou
sand miles. The nation which can encoun
ter sin h journey'i as there, often through
seas of iee and storms of vnow so terrible as
to obscure ah object beyond the distance of a
few paces, to prosecute any branch of com
merce, must lie wetland fully informed of
its value.- That the objects she lias in view
may not, by any event, be taken from her
grasp, after encountering such vast dilRcul-
ties, she has found it expedient tn occupy
one of the Sandwich islands, which not on
lv enables her effectually to maintain her po
sition, hut to command Hie whole northern
part of the Pacific ocean. These islands ly
ing just within the tropics, in the direct course
from the lower coast of North-America to
Canton, are v.ell supplied not only with all
I lie fruits of that climate, hot with every ve
getable and animal known in this country.
It is worthy of remark, that among other
advantages which the Russian position on
tiie opposite roast po*sesses,is, that a voyage
from ivamtfcliatka to Japan, can lui made in
an open boat, as it is a continual chain ill
islands from the Ohotsk sea until it arrives
at it* place of destination.
V our conimiitee are well persuad'd that,
by a little care ana small expense, the citi-
of this republic might reap all the bene
fits of t.iis trade, not only profitable nuwr,
tsut from every view of the subject there is
a strong probability tuat it w ill increase for
inanv years.
V\Vre an establishment made at the mouth
of Columbia, vrlneli should be allowed to
take with them their women and children,
there can be no doubt of rilerei-. :.s so many
years experience wf the English for compa
nies have amply shewn this inode Ins the
most powerful efl‘. ct in separating the mind-
oftlie men from pursuits which often in
frontier countries leads to strife, at it give*
them a local interest and feeting, and makes
them even more vigilant and prudent in the
diacharge of all their duties. It is believed
that population could he easily acquired
from Chi-", by which the art: of pee.ee
would at once acquire strength and infi.ienre.
and make visible to ilte aborigines the man
ner i.i which their wants could !*• supplied ;
th- coast of the Rati ir. i-,, in its climate, more
mild than any pa : of the continent in the
MU' parallel, and many vegetables on that
shore grow in great ah mdance in die native
forest, which are likewise natives of China.
It is known, that when the Spanish govern
ment, in 17iw, sent their snips of war up the
•'oast tn capture the Kritisli vevcls, which
wen- intruding, they found sevrntv Chine e,
whom the English hail procured to emigrate,
that they in'ajit lie employed in the mechan
ic arts; and i hough the people of that coun
try evince no disposition to emigrate to the
territory of adjoining princes, it U believed
they would willingly, nay, gladly embrace
the opportunity of a home in America,
where they have no prejudices, no fears, no
restraint in opinion, labor, < r religion
The committee cannot doubt that an es
tablishment madron the Pacific would es
sentially benefit the nsliics, whilst it would
give this country tiie advantage of ail its own
ti er sure, which otherwise must be lost fur
ever, or rather never enjoyed ; and, from all
that can he nsrrrlniiied relative to its present
anil increasing value, of more profit to this
country than (lie mines ofPotosi.
From the best information which can be
had, it appears that the Indian trade on rli,
Missouri, below the Mandan villages,is worth
all,ml ftliO.nno, and that oi the Mississippi
K valued at ■i.'iO.OOO dollars, making the sum
of 870,OOP dollar* annually. They have re-
fleeted upon tills trade, and that proseeute.l
by the whalers on that const, anil are irresis
tibly drawn to the conclusion, that they are
llir most valuable to this nation, and demand
its care and attention in a high degree. Ta s
trade, unlike any olner, originate* its own
capital, and may fairly la-said to bring into
Hip United States 37 (1,000 dollar* every year,
here no! one dollar previously rv-ti 0, anil
adds that ranch to the wealth of the commu
nity as decidedly as though it had been fish
ed from the bottom of the river, in gold and
silv as it is iii the market of China, or any
olhrr.narkpt, capable of pure having as much;
and if, with that amount in furs, a vessel
hoolj .all from the mouth of Colmnhi:: to
Canton, which la a voyage of fiem fifty to
t) days, she would return with that in
exrhange, which would sell for perhaps dou
ble that amount, thereby rnnlrihoting to the
comfort, enjoyment, amt accommodation of
the community, i (8.non dollars, which is the
result not of a profitable voyage but a crea
tive trade.
It is believed that n shipment of tobacco,
flour, or cotton, hears no comparison,in point
ofpioflt with this, as they aie properly th
rough manufactures uf the country, and the
result of considerable capital, and the cargo
m excise on domestic divtilied spirits, re-
pqrt —
That they have had these important snli-
jects under their consideration, and have ob
tained frmn the several departments all the
information which the uflicers at their bead
could furnish ; yet, such are the dillicullie*
that prevent themselves, til it they enter into
the discussion ami the statements wees-ary
to elucidate the subject, w ith great diffidence.
They may differ in opinion vs illl gentlemen
for whose talents they bav* the highs-t res
pect, and in whose integrity they have un
bounded confidence; the subject is one how
ever, on which the best friends may lairly
differ in opinion.
J.i the iirrnuiirnit rnmuc adequate tu the
expenses nj'the fem’rnment ?
The revenue is mainly bottomed on the
dulics arising on the iniportatio' v ot foreign
goods ; it is, therefore dependant on fortui
tous circumstances, whicli cannot easily he
foreseen,and which may tend to its increase
or decrease; there are some, however, which
can, in a degree, be appreciated. The tar
iff'of loin was expected to operate » loss to
the revenue, bv giving vtliat was considered
at the time sufficient encouragement to the
manufactures of the country. A variety of
causog, arising out of excessive and ruinous
importations, and the timaAA|k^ for di
verting one channel of cot^^^^^Hsnpplic
into another, has, until Is
effect from being inatcri
ration of that tariff ie
• tin be
lieved to he considerable ^ f ,, ’" r
ever, not completely developed. Its opera
lion on a few of lhe prindpal articles may
aflhrd sonic idea of (he ii^Bfepf our man-
r.e.s^^HKecrease
iVd^^^Htie-S
importation of such artlen^Pw
Tile tariff'of 111 16, increased the duty oo
brown sugar about iO per c-nt. and gave a
protecting duty to that article of three cents
per pound. No material dec rease ha*, a* yet,
resulted to the revenue tberefinm. The
tariff was enacted during 'he existence oftlie
excise ou domestic distilled spirits, and i n
additional duty was imposed for the pratec-
f the domestic article. The excise on
impi rteil spirits was repealed ; the duty was
continued, soil the duly on foreign spirits
exceeds,at this time, the whole value of tile
doinec*ie, the an rage duty jii the Imported
br ing 13 ceuts per gallon, w hen t lie value in
the market of the flora' rlie does not exceed
.5:1 cents the galluu. This has tended, ills
believed, to doerea.se tiie co wnmotionof for
eign spirit^ »nd, of course, the amount of the
revenue. In 13111, the nett revenue from
imported spirits, after dulatliog the deL-. :i-
tllres. amounted to e.e tn 1 KU doll-ire. tool *n
lt!l», to 1.!I59.Uj dollar*.
Tile tariff'of 1 ft 1B raised the duties on cot
ton and woollen cloths from il l-i per cent,
the duty imposed prior to the late war, to ii
per cent, and it valued all cotton cloths under
a cost of io cents the square yard, (although
some rost as low as six emits.) as if they had
actually cost 25 cents, and charged the duty
thereon accordingly. The result has been,
that rollon goods imported from India, un
der a cost of 25 cents the square yard, pay a
duty exceeding lit) per cent, on the average
cost of those heretofore imported from that
country, and above 43per cent, on the aver
age cost of similar goods w hen imported
from Euriqvc. The operation has had a sa
lutary effect on our Infant manufactures of
cotton, which begins to he understood by the
manufacturers. The Importations from In
dia of such cottons as are under a cost of 20
cents the square yard, have almost ceased,
for consumption.and those from Europe liai e
decreased, it is believed, to a considerable
extent. The coarse cottons of our domestic
manufactures have entered, it is believed, in
to the consumption of the nation, nearly e-
qnal to the wants of thojpeople. The in
crease of our woollen manufactures lias af
forded a considerable quantity eC woulleu
cloths for consumption, but we lievc no in
formation on which to form a decided opin
ion as to its extent Other important arti
cle* of domestic manufactures arc silently
entering into competition with thus.: hereto
fore imported from foreign cations.
Those circumstance*, added to the dis
tresses of the people, and to the price of our
exports, being such as, in a great degree, to
affect the mean* of paying fur imports, make
il extremely difficult to form !t correct esti
mate of the revenue which may arise here
after from d iities on imports, est niiti d on
that which had been received iu former
years.
With those views, which the committee
have deemed proper to submit, they proceed
to answer the first resolution.
They arc of nphiion, “that the revenue
whieh i nil be received in the present pen r ret It
be adequate to tar expenses ojlhefpn trument;"
and, should no t hinge take place, the reven
ui' will, io their opinion, li.uing the year'
I32t, 1823, and I lit I, lie not only equal ti
the expenses oftlie government, but afford
sueh a surplus, applicable to the piyment of
the loan of the la-1 year, a id any tli t may
he authorized for this year, as will, before ihi
first day of January, ltli.'i, fully repay the a-
miiuiit borrowed. The House will remem
ber, that, as the appropriation hill, have not
passed, the real or true expenses of govern
ment cannot be correctly elated. .The. corn
mittec are compelled, therefore, to bottom
their ulstcment on tile estimated expe
D. tor",ith whieh may
lie issued on the same,
(e lunnte.i al).
I Tfie committee lu,\-e thv. far em.Ci.el tl mo- of i!,i (ienoral I.and Office ; the P„. >
vel e* to the answering n( II,e ll.reen-ml.il''- < ' - ' - ’ - ■ * i0 ,r, ‘
reft rr»*t! to thru—tin y ltj«t c, !;tmrvrr. der
whilst on »s» • suhjrrt, to
ie.u aftlio financial state ti tiir J
4,437,205
Estimated nett|>roce»*d4 from
those bonds, # j
A.Id llinvto tne amount of tho
ree*:ipt« into the Treasury trows
homin taken dtirinu Hit* l«>t qunr-
t*r of tli#* year 18JO, an«l takrni, nr
to he taken, during the two sue-
rerdinf qunrt#*rs of 1821, which
bottomed on the recaipU into the
Treasury for actual receipts from
bonds taken during the 4th quar
ter in 1819, and the 1st and second
quarters of 1820, are estimated to
give, fur the present year, the sum
of
5 Id,780,380
The committee have submitted the preceding
view of the customs for 1821, for the coii'idera-
iiou of lb.* Ilou^e, but would not be willing to
pledge tlicinsclves for the rcsu.f—the items they
believe to be correct—and ttie present appear
ance of our commerce, becoming less unfavor
able, warrants them in the belief, tliat the re-
ue from co-toms, for 1821, will not be less
tliuti sixteen millions ofdnllar*. They, howev
er, deem it more safe to assume thu receipts of
the pre-cut, on that oftlie preceding year, and
therefore submit the folio wing statement:
Estimated rtcripts Jor 1821.
Customs received in
the 1st, 2d and 3d quar
ters of 1820, see Secreta
ry's report, yi2,378,G13
Customs received in the
fourth quarter, 2,620,8Wt
A statement from the
Treasury to your com
mittee, assumed as the
receipt* lor 1821, 15,003,328
Land, agreeably to fha
report of the Secretary
of the Tieasury, 1,600,000
Internal taxes, by same 100,000
bank dividend by same 350,000
Tost Olfice ke inciden
tal receipts, may be esti
mated at 100,000
E.'tim alal Expe nd\ tu re a.
Sec Treasury report of Dec. 4, 1820.
Civil, 1,760,850
Civilizing Indians, 29,2410
Military Department, 6,798,.515
Naval Department,' 2,928,676
I’ublic debt, principal
and interest, for 1821, 6,477,776
-17,155,328
17,004,017
F.um of receipts over payment#, >* 151,*111
The preceding statements shew that there will
be a;i excess of receipts over the expenditures,
even if the whole amount estimated for !;> the
different dep«r#n | v k nt« tKouldb* £rnflt»«f and ex
pended. But it i> known thatthe amount in es-
iiMt t»)e
sury.
The demands on the Treasury, ncrc^ary
complete the par me uts for the yeur 1820, are,
I ur civil, diplomatic, and mis
cellaneous
Public debt,
Mishistsippi ^foek 671,827
Navy Depnrtmeijt rc-
(lui tof 21st Dee r J 1*110,000
War Department, «-
greeably to a letter from
the Secretary, dated 31/t
lan 0* the committee of
iVays nud Means S 092,233 75
From whicli must bo
deducted, agreeably to
the same letter, the aia t
of money in the hand- of
tho Treasurer, as Agent
fur that Department, on
lue lit Jau. the sum of 251,*>bo 3o
ol' Commissioners for the N avv . ..
[’ostmuKter General; an.l the nUricst.f
all cl* > kf employed in the several ex
eentive department, of the governmen*
!'*i) ry «re I inC *" ding th ° ,e in ,lle (J ' ne ''i*l 1'ost Of!
’ ' nco wl.ijb amount annually to a sum r>x
g f.55,yo.'> ri); ceedinj eleven hundred and fifty dollar.
iMiTrt.'.M.i 15! ought to be reduced D er
--140,720 45
5 5,055,366 17
From which is to be
dediiclesl—-amouiit of
money in the Treasury on
the U d .y of Jan. ^1,076,271 18
Lea tiie notes ofin-
solvcut banks, which
will not be available
during the present year 609,0d0 <H)
Leaving, of ax ailuhle ftinds,iQ the
Treasury on the 1st Ja hum ry 476,271 13
Balance against the Treasury, on
the 1st day of the present year 4,679.094 99
The committee believe the abovo statement
to be accurate, and that the balance against the
Treasury ou the 1st day oftlie present year a-
mouiited to the sum of ^4^679,<191 99—that ba
lance will, it is believed by your committee,
be reduced by retrenchment in expenditures,
as already stilted, to an amount not less than
lie and a half milllou, which \\ j|| reduce th**
dual defejt to be provided for, to the sum
f $ 3,079,094 99—say three millions seventy-
nine thousand and ninety-four dollars and nin ;-
niue rents. But if the estimate of the Secre
tary of the Treasury shall prove correct, to wit *.
That the customs in 1821 will produce only
fourteen million?, then the two years will
shew the following result :
Deficit, a.xabove, on the 1st Jan. 54,579,094 99
xcess of expenses over receipts
in the year 1821, estimated <»n
the demands ruude by the se
veral Departments, conforma
bly with the existing laws
From which deduct amount of
expected retrenchments
53,933,111
The item of $864,017 will be found iu
luimivu uh u»c presumption ttiat ait the expen-1 ditierence ct 5 1 ,(aK'*,323 be»A«*«*u the Se-
ditures authorized by law wiM be required.— | crotary scstim uesof the receipts from customs
seldom been the case. The reform in the *r
ray, uud reduction from Mie estimates of tiie se
verel department*, will amount at Iea.it, to one
and a half million of dollars, uud thus confirm
the opinion expn ired by the* committee, «‘thnt
the revenue for 1821 will he fully adequate to
the expense* of government for that year.”
The committee submit their views for the suc
ceeding years of 1822,18-3, uud 1824, to |>n>v
Uie opinion, that the reverwte will he fully equal
to the payment of the expenses of government
during those years. In addition to the state
ment given of the receipts from the customs lor
the year 1821, and with the view of further elu
cidating the subject, they mbtuit tiie fultovvi
statement of the receipts derived from the ci
tomi, laud,^c. fur the years 1817, l»l8, 18
mul 1820—three of those years known to
be tho minimum years, the fourth out uncom
monly productive.
1817. 'J he customs produced
ueit
1818. do
1819. ill)
1829. (h
brought b-i.-k in return for tlirm, in Europe- sn Kmitte«l to Con*re.«. wliirli will, it is cm
f ' ,hr ‘«i >* only » n Increswff v.v | p lllenl iy b. lirv.'.l, Iu* irelinrej ullee-t one and
lue t.iey reeve I.J tom- exporte.l, snd re-1 , half million, of dollars,
turned Io us in that shape. Hence, the evl , . . .
portHtiou of J.170,040 nertl. nf aero or }* *? nnVt . C,rU 1 ' n, - T ' I 1 '* 1
mltun, sli.mWil return to us 7 10,000 dollar, ST' 1 " 1 Ir, ;!“ ,lm «<w
in European silk, ami cloth, is still the uri- ^ • r **»« ,r y. ‘ 8 *». have tocn
inal cargo of tobacco or cotton, as not bin
but llieae have been paid fur thrill; but, iu
the Bret instance, he who manufacture* ei
ther the tobacco, (lour, nr rollon, is compel
led to take into consideration the capital
employed; and then the balance is his pain:
hut in the fur trade ami the whale fisheries,
there is in the one little capital, in the other
none,
Under the strongest belief that hy a new
organization of the system of Indian trade,
comprehending a settlement on the Colom
bia riser, great benefits would result to tin-
citizens of the republic, wh.lst tiie aborigi
nes would bs better protected and provided
for, by instructing them in agriculture it the
minor branches of the mechanic arts, the
coimnit.ee ask leave to report a bill.
THE NATIONAL FINANCES.
HOUSE Of lU.rtU.St.MWTIVT.S, Keb. 6.
Report of t'ne Cmnjniltee of It eys and Means, up
on lUe subject uf the Revenue
The Commute,, of Ways and Meant, to
whom were referred three resolutions of the
Sd instant, requiring of the committer tc en
quire and report, '* whether,hi their opinion,
the permanent revenue is adequate to tin
expenses nf the government;' - whether
any measure, are necessary to increase Ihc
revenue,audif so ( to nqioit thasa wnr- jrrsj''
zed "Jl9 esquire into iUex^diency Mjtu-
15,095,328 dolUirH whicli amount, it is humb
ly connived, may be sab ly relied on as the
receipts for tin* present year. The commit
tee are ot opinion, that the receipts of 1321
(from tliat source) will exceed that amount.
They form that opinion from the following
XircuriHtanees, to w it. The bonds for dotiei
in the Tieasury amounted, on the 1st day of
October, 1820, to nearly the same sum as
those iu the Treasury oo the 1st of October,
1812 ; that frou* those of 18l .i an extraordi
nary deduction was made hy the more than
common amount of debentures issued ou the
re*h’rfrtrtent of Kftods during that y<*ar ; that
a similar amount of drawbacks, it is believed,
nil! not occur during the present year ; uud,
of course, that the revenue from import* will
he greater in 1311 than that of I Mo. and in
this opinion they are confirmed l*> the fol
lowing xiew of the custom* for the present
year:
Bond? in the Treasury on the
l*f of October, 1820. 5 18,770,0t«0
From which wrist be dedu* tc.l—
Bonds irrecoverable, ^IpiaU/mO
Bond? ill suit, which
may not be rccetMrd dur
ing the present year, 750,000
Bond* paid <n 4:l» quar-
ter of H Ji, 2,626^15
Debentarres »ct*fBl!y inu-
ed, pr uri'i th - I Oc-
WbfffWjtnm txoi^ds, 1,103,0^
571,475,239. averaged c a four yews,
give* for one year, $ 17,808.809
Although your conimiitee think it probable
that the average receipts from the customs, dor-
intf those four yean, .vill be nvilirrd for the
years ls22, 23 arid 21, yet, under tlm uncer
tainty rising from the view already given,
they consider it more sale to a?<uino ,i lens a-
njount, and therefore submit the following stale,
nieutof receipts am! expenditure*, ni one wji!« h
they have full confidence may be relieu upon
for 1822, 23 and 2-1
Receipts.
Cu«tomt & 17,000,or,o
Land (per report of Se
cretary) 2,500,000
Bank dividends 420,000
I’ostuge aud incidenUl 200,000
20,120,000
Expenditure* for those years.
Civil, miscellaneous, u
diplomatic 5 1,750,000
Civ illstog Indians 2o/ioo
Military Department, to tcit:
1.779,700
Arming inilitU
200,000
liidinn .innuitir?
15 7,ISO
Kevoltitiouar^ imusiontf 1
,2(S',.«s>
Iuxi»ti4 p«niiuiti
;v ,o.V)
Furtifiraikm*
4ISI.0.SI
Indian Department*
170,. mu
Nutiowal armurie*
3>Vi,iss>
Cannoiiy >bot. ami shells
.'SI.ISNI
ArxenaU
30,000
Array proper (includ-
ingthe ordnance tervire,
and the military acade
my al \Ve>t Point ) esti-
ni.itrd, agrx'eaidy Io the
bill which ha? passed tlio
House, at its iitoio>t **-
luouut, to cost
2,000/100
Naval, including 4500,090 per an
num, fur ilie gradual jncreiue of
the uavy, amounting, a^rt.ably lo
the rstimate for 1821, to
Public debt, (vet* report)
4,362,000
2,928.676
5,47 7.1WO
S 15,046,676
Leaving a surplus of % 5,673,324 per aunura,
from which will he deducted the interest on a-
ny lorn that may be authorized during the pre
sent year.
The preceding view xtill shew, that the com
mitter, in answer to the second question, to
wit: *« Whether nny measure* are nece»->ary to
kiicrease tiie* revenue •" ore of opinion, that the
revenue is aisply adequate to the expenses of
tlw* covermueot, and, of course, that no mea
sure for it» increase is necessary.
To die third resolution, to w it. “ Is it expe
dient to prohibit or ieijNiM? additional duties ou
the importation of feicigu spirits, and to im-
pose an excise on domestic spirits?" the com
mittee answer, that tho revenue from imported
spirit*amounted, in ISlHto £ 2.64 i, 186, in the
year 1819 to the sum of % I.U.V.M25—and it is
believed, that thut «*f the year lH2<) wdl not a-
inount to the sum received in 1819. Bui the
committee are of opinion, that the imposition of
an evcivcjBt this time of extreme drill ess, would
unwi»e, and is not demanded by the condi
tion of the Treasury, and that, if imposed, it
w ould be difficult to collect—end,if collected,
it would, iii some part? of the I'uio.i, be ill pa
per little available to the Treasury. They,
therefore, submit their opinion a^ainit any im
mediate imposition of an e.xci»e on domestic
P»rit*, or of any nexv duly on, or prohibition
oi, the uBfortaiioa of foryi*B* "
i ln« year i»-i. niiu thot ot your com mitt
from which must be ded-ictcd the exi-p>» of re
ceipt? over expenditure? c. ^1)1/111, in the
view they have token above ih j receipts and ex-
pen di lure * of 1821, which will leave the item
of 5 854,017.
In thi* l».«! view, bottoRierlon th** estimate ef
the Secretory <»f tbc Treasury for tho receipt?
in tho present year, there appears to jbv «n ac
tual deficit in the two year* of 18*20 ami 1821,
id 56,433,111 #!», from which the committee
belie re thut there may !>e deducted for retrench*
iiM iit 1.590/KJ0, which will leave the suui of
$ 3,933,111 99 to be provided for.
Tho committee have deemed it properto give
to the tlou*e those two views <if the. subject.
If the estimates ot tho Stcretnry, off 14,Ot* i,uu»
from tiie emtorus, should prove cor.ect, ths u
mounf to be provided ,^r will be, n? already
shewn 5 3,1 33,111 9V |
Il that of your committee should
.ipprar to the House as one io he
relied upon, ih* n the amount to he
provided for will he 5-7,9*9,094 99
fhe committee ask leave to observe, flint a
more accurate x iew of the tclual amount to be
provided tor will be taken by your canimitt<
il the rppropriution bills shall pass iu liras to
afford the opportunity.
fhe lluu e hav * been correctly infirmed by
ths Secretary of the Treasury, that it requires
time io transfer the money received in the wm-
u-.rii stales aud in Loimiaita, to the Tun vary,
for w h ic ii the c ret ■ rf ask? the aid of £6t zty mi;
• bat difficulty will, in the opinion ofyour cora-
raittec. be surmounted hy the amount of appro
priation* wbish will remain jnclaimed si the
expiration of the present year. The unclsimad
d *ix)<ii)df of appropriations at the expiration of
euch year have, on an average of yes.*, u-
inoiinted to about three millions of dollars: hut,
ns the appropriations for the presaat yaar w ill
ho of n kind tbnt will )h» culled for to h greater
proportionate amount than those of former
yeur.», it would be unsafe to rHlculate on a lar
ger amount than that which would atliird the
June necessary fo draw the funds Iron the
-titles mentioned ; hut, to that amoiMit, sny
56vM,0(A), and to meet uulorexcen dearnudsou
the Treasury , the eommittet*. are. af opinion,
that tli# iippropriatiuii? unexj>e(ided at ffio end
ol tliC prew*iit year will be amply ad**qutile, and,
tlu-rcwrt, tliey do not recominuud any provi
sion i !u refer.
The House w ill duly apprec'.ufo tbs dilhcnl-
’**/*'» under which the couiinittcc hale acted,
«i»-^ will portion uniotentiopul errors, if any.—
The committee, will only add, that t.iey liaxe
used every exertion in their power to arrive hi
a corivct ' iew of Jhe iinpoitaut suo
milted to their consideration. All vt uch they
respectfully submit.
eo.VtiWV.SS.
/.V SRX.iTE.'—Mo.suir, IV-b. 5.
The Senate tooli up the rcpirt of the
select committee, nppoinU.l on the sub
ject adfene to the proprifcty of at this
time making any reduction in tiie corn-
pensation of the members of Congress,
or otlicers oftlie K; ecutive departments.
Mr. Robem mofc.l la ament the re
port by striking out the resolution of the
committee, and inserting the following
matter as a substitute :
“ Resolved That here.ifKr the com-
pens.ilioa of the members oftlie Senate
and Mouse of 'Reprcsentstires, ami (he
delegates from territories, ought to be
dollars for every day they shall re
spectively attend on their duties, and
dollars for every twenty miles they
may necessarily travel, respectively, in
going to and returning from any session
of Congress ; and that the compensation
ol the President pro tempore of the Sen
ate and the Speaker of tho House ofltc-
presentatives ought to Is* dollars
for each and every day they may per
form the duties of their respective ofli-
ces.
“ Resahed, 1 hat. from and after the
thirty -first day of March next, the sala
ries of the Secretaries t,f the Depart
ment, ol State, of the Treasuarv, of
Mar. and of tho Navy; the Attoroe.
tlen.ral ot the U. States ; the Register;
the first an.l second Comptroller. ; tl,.-
first, second, third fourth an.l fifth Audi
tcra ol the 1 rcasory j ^,e Commissioner
. .. . “ Per centum on
tiie said annual amount.
Th- amendment was ordered to be
printed, and the further consideration ot
the report was then, after some debate
postponed to Monday the 19th inst. Av(w
23, noes 18. J
XVRD5(ESD*r, Feb. 7.
The morion to appoint a joint commit,
tee to ascertain and report a mode of ex-
unri(iing the votes for President am) Vice
President of the I’nitcd States, and 0 f
notifying the persons elected of their
election, was taken up and agreed to •
and AJessrs. Harbour and Macon were,
appointed a committee on the part of the
Senate.
The Senate, proceeded to conri.lcr a-
gniii the hill for the relief of purchaseri
of Public Lands ; an.l,
Air. King, of N. V. moved further to
amend the same by substituting for a
part of the bill the'following nc^w sec
tions :
^ Sec 2. And be it further enacted, That
interest which shall have accrued
before Ihc day ot , upon any
debt of the U. State*, for public land,
shall he and the same is hereby remitted
an.l discharged.
Sec And be it further enacted, That
on all debts due to the (J. States, which
may have arisen from the purchase of
public land, at a price less than three
dollars the acre, a discount, at the rate
of twenty-live percent, shall be allowed
and made ; and that on all such debts
which may have arisen from the pur?
chase of public land at or above Hires
dollar* the acre, a discount, at the rata
of thirty-three and one third per cent,
shall be allowed and made ; and tho
8.71,017 no persons indebted to the United States ni
r — aforesaid sliallhedividediutothreeclas-
S5,433,lli so sex ; the first class to include all such
1,500,000 00 ■* sh'tH have paid to the United
Mates only one fourth part of the ori-
t;i.i..i puce oftne land by them respec
tively j,u.. Imst.i or held ; the second
cl >s to include all such persons as shall
have paid 10 the United States only one
half part of such original price ; and
the third class loinrlude all such persona
as shall have paid to the U. States threu
fourth parts of such origt.ial price , and
the debls of the persons included in the
first class •hall be paid in eight equal an,
nual instalment* ; the debts oftlie per
sons included in the seconj class shall
be paid in six equal annual instalments ;
and the debt* of tho persons included in
the third class shall be paid in four e-
qual annual instalments ; the first of
which instalments, in each of the classes
aforesaid, shall be paid on tbc .lay
uf , tind the whole of the debt afore
said shall bear an annual interest at the
rate . f six percent. Provided always,
that the tame shall he remitted upou
each and every of the instalments afore
said, which shall he punctually paid
whou the same shall become pay aide as
aforesaid.
See 4. And be. it further enacted, That
for failure to pay the several debts afore- '
saiJ, in manner aforesaid, for the term
of three month- alter the day appointed
lor the payment of the last instilments
thereof, in each of the classes aforesaid,
the land so purchased, or bold by tin-.’
respective persons indebted to the Uni
ted States as aforesaid, shall ipso facto,
tocome forfeited aud re vert to the United
States.
Sec ft. And be it further enacted, That
no person sh ill be deemed to be included
within, or entitled to the benefit of, anv
of the provision* of thi* act, who shall
not, on or before the —— day of——
sign and file in the office of the register
ol (lie land office of the district w here-
the land was purchased, a dacUraliun in
writing, expressing bis conseut to the
same,
^ Ami then on motion of Mr. King, of
-N. If. the hill and amendment?wore re
committed to the committee on Public
UdllUJfs
SaTiritD vnFtb, 10.
Besides other business of lipnT impor
tancc, tho discussion of the grew bill for tins
relief of the purchasers of the aldic Lands
was brought to a close—the hilhcing nr.fer-
dere.l to tip engrossed for a tftd readings
by the following vote ;
A E \S—Messrs. Barbour, 1) kerson, La-
ton, Edwards, Elliott, Uuillaif Holme* of
Aliss. Horsey, Hunter, Jolnisti, of Loti.
King, of Ala. King, of N. V/.night, I.an-
111-11,1.loy.l, Mills, Morrill, Nolc, Otis, Par
rott, Pleasants, ltu.'gles, Saford, Smiti,
Stokes,Talbot, Tavlnr, Tlmnts, Ticberoi,
Trimble, Van Dyke, Walker,if Ala. Walk
er, of tjen. Williams, of Ts. Johns.o, of
Kv.—Sfl.
NAYS—Messrs. Chtndl*', Dana, Low.
rie, Macon, Huberts.—j
1101 .SE OF HEI’Rtsf.vr.VriVf.S.
TijsOAT, F«h. ti.
Mr. Smith, of MJ. film the CJtnmilteft
of Ways an.l Alcan*, maw a re part on thu
state of the revenue, |iirseiit nml pros
pective. kc. which was trderid to lie on
the table.
On motion of Mr. Canton. It was
Resolved, That the c-Xmrtittee 05 q.:-
litary Affair* be instrirted to enquire
whether ot uot the IKritary Acade®Tv
under the existing law* and regulations,
is consistent with the principles and po* *
cy ol the conMitution sudlcvernKe 4 '.' °*
the United States ; alio, 1» •no'* re , ? t, ‘
the expediency of r»a^ a ipji' ,r aft* r,r, S
the laws in relation lo ,aid» ca ‘ ,cro . v ’ a ,
reducing the eipeu^mK'*^ ** 10 P' , i , " c
money ou the same. i
Ou motion of Mp WiWi<*Ui of V- C. it
was
Resolved. Thai'he remoftee nf Way*
and Mean* 1