Below is the OCR text representation for this newspapers page.

mt the pm?nn« wke, from such proceedings, Would suffer nn»t severely, mill we »ll know how far private suffering goes to influence a ipnn’s pulilic opinion*. Besides, the very principle upon which the advocates tor the sacredneps of plicate property proceeds, is altogether erroneous. 1 admit, that,in abso lute monarchies, whore war is more properly the pastime of kings than the desire ofaunjects, Tioncombataiits ought to he dealt with as hu- manoiy ns possible# Not so, however, in Plates governed by popular assemblies.—By ■compelling the constituents to experience the real hardships and miseries of warfare, you will soon compel the representatives to a vote of peace—and surely that line of con duct is, upon the whole, the mo3t humane, which puts tlie speediest period to the cruel ties of war. There are few men who would not rather endure a raging fever for three days, than a slow and lingering disease for three months. Bo it is with a democracy at war. Burn their houses, plunder their pro perty, block up their harlmrs and destroy their shipping in a few places—and be.ore yon have time to prorced to the rest, you will be stopped by entreaties for peace.— Whereas, if you do no mischief that can hr avoided, if you only fight (heir fleets and ar mies whenever you meet them, and suffer the inhabitants to live in undisturbed trail- quiiity, they will continue these hostilities till they have worn out the means of one party, and greaffy weakened those of both. “ Should another war break nut between Great Britain and America, this is the course to be adopted by the former. Besides this, 1 humhly conceive, that a second attempt should be made upon Nevv-Orlonns, since the importance of the conquest would autho rise any sacrifice for its attainment*—and, when once gained, it could be easily defend ed. The neck of land, upon which that city is built, extends in the same manner above it as below, and therefore the same advantag es which it holds out to its present defenders, it would, likewise, hold out to us. A chain of works thrown across from the river to the marsh would render it inaccessible from u- 4>ove—while by covering the lakes and the Mississippi with cruisers, all attacks from below would be sufficiently guarded a- ■gainst.” AGRICULTURAL. FROM THE AMERICAS FARMER ON PEA HAY. By Thomas Pinckney, Jun'r.Tsiq. Altamont, Sept. 9, 1316. Dear Sir,—A committee of this Socie ty was appointed during the laet year, and charged to discover & recommend some mode of maintaining farm stock, besides the incessant application to the corn crib. This committee among other substitutes and aid, recommended pea hay, as af fording a rich food for horses and cattle, and whose culture at the same time, was easy, and its growth beneficial to the soil. Believing the recommendation to be ju dicious, I have adopted it, and now take the liberty of submitting to the Society the result of my first crop of pea hay. The first of April 1 ploughed up an old field which had been in corn the pre ceding year, a stiff red clay much worn, and of which about two ncres had been manured for corn the preceding year.— Across this ploughing I drilled in peas with a shovel plough, three feet apart, on the 6th and 7th of May. I ploughed them twice ; the first time between the 1st and 3d of June ; the second time be tween the 20th and 24th June ; 1 hoed them once, the end of June. This is all the culture they received. On the 2Glh of August, I began to cut the pea vines, and finished the 27th, cutting half the field, which consists of 14 acres. In most places the dry weather had injured them, end they did not look as flourishing as I expected. Four days after cutting them, I turned them ; putting two rows into one, and on the sixth day I turned them again. Oa the morning of the 8th <day, I began to haul them in, and fmish- «d the next day ; and they have produc ed me twenty-five heavy waggon loads of rich good fodder. As this produce may he best understood by comparison, 1 will state that 1 had a field of corn of twenty-two acres adjoining, of new land, only the second crap, which had heen planted very early, and had not suffered by the drought; the fodder was very good, 6i was carefully saved, and produced me sixteen wagon loads. I am extremely sorry I had not the means of weighing a load of the pea fod der, but I should think a waggon load of it must weigh nearly twice as much as a load of corn blades, and the difference in quality is very great. Twenty-five Toads from seven acres and a half in one case, and sixteen loads from twenty-two acres in the other. Less than two-thirds of a load of blades to the acre, and more than three loads of pea fodder to the a- tre. If it be true, as has been stated to me, from the best authority, that a peck bask et of these vines, chopped in a common cutting box, twice a day, is good and suf ficient food for a horse, with a small por tion of blades, when not at hard work : I should not hesitate to believe this pro duce to be superior to that of a regular corn crop, on such land, which could not be expected to produce much bootc than ten bushels to the acre. Indeed 1 know positively from my memorandum book, that its produce last year, under favora ble circumstances, was but ten bushels and a-half. At this rate my seven acres and a half would produce me but seven ty-eight bushels of corn,-and about live waggon loads of fodder. Let us suppose a heavy load of this fodder to be equal to seven bushels of corn, (and l would not exchange it for ten,) these seven a- ■eres and a half have produced me lhat . which is equal to 175 bushels of corn, in feeding cattle and horses j and l know it would puzzle the best farmer to pro duce halt this quantity front these seven acres and a half, in their present state. U to these advantages we add that peas We an ameliorating crop, drawing very little from the earth, and shading and prating it from the powerful influence ot the sun, that their leaves are mostly *«t on the soil, to enrich it, and that • J a fine preparatory crop for wheat, as they may he got off the land exactly in lime to prepare it for seeding, I think that wc shall agree, that the com- mittrr have been very judicious in rc- commcndingthe pen culture ; and 1 hope my success will induce some of my bro. titer farmers, who have fields requiring rest or shift, to substitute a crop of peas for the common modes of sowing oats or wheat which arc exhausting crops. The Society will readily perceive the error I committed in this crop : the peas were sown, as 1 have staled, on the f>th and 7th of May, when they ought to have been sown as early as the frost would permit. This circumstance and the late dry weather ovidently injured them very much. I am, dear sir, very respectfully, your obedient humble servant, THOMAS PINCKNEY,Jr. J. T. Lewis, Esq. C'orrc.t. Src'ryof the Pendleton Farmer's Society, S. C. FROM THE NORFOLK HERALD. Abominable attempt at Fraud on Un derwriters.—Mach excitcinont has been' produced here for the last three days in consequence of the discovery of a fraud which has been attempted to bo prac tised upon some of the Insurance Offices in Philadelphia, by shippers of merchan dize on board of the sloop Norfolk, James Robinson, master, which put into this port on the 5th inst. on her passage from Philadelphia to N-ew-Orleans. The fol- lowiog communication is from a gentle man whose avocations are such as to have made it necessary that he should be acquainted with all the circumstances of the horrid affair, at least so far as they could be developed ; and, with the let ter* annexed, which was received by captain Robinson, on Tuesday, from one of the owners of the sloop, (who is also one ofthe shippers,) which we have been permitted to copy, wc summit the whole to the public without further comment for the present:— COMMUNICATION. Hi c j loop Norfolk.—For particular reasons silence has been preserved rela tive to this vessel, but as these reasons no longer exist ; the public will expect an account of a transaction, extensive in its views, and infamous in design. The Nftrfolk arrived in this port on the 15th of this month, under circum stances stated in the following extract: Arrived, sloop Norfolk, Robinson, G days from Philadelphia bound to New- Orleans, with an assorted cargo of for eign and domestic articles, among the lat ter a deck load of hay. On Thursday morning last, lat. 3G, Ion. 74, 56, disco vered that the vessel was on tire, which burst through the deck cear the compan ion way ; and so violent was the flainc and so noxious the smoke, that it was with difficulty it could be got under. On examination, it was ascertained to have been occasioned by the breaking of some bottles of vitriol which had been packed aivay in a keg, unknown to captain R. by any other mark than “Glass—keep this endup.” After the fire was got under, capt. R. bore away for this port. When information of the vessel being here reached Philadelphia, some alarm was excited, which was increased by finding that upwards of $ 30,000 hud been insured in the offices of that city, on the cargo, Si that goods k specie stated to be on board to a Very large amount were uninsured, or elsewhere insured. A confidential agent residing here was re quested to look into this business, on the part of the Insurance Companies, who reported his opinion. Meantime the In surance Companies, having collected some material evidence, sent on a spe cial agent, who, in conjunction with their agent here proceeded on Tuesday last to go into a full investigation, by an exam ination of the cargo, when n plan oi un exampled villainy was developed. -The first examination took place at the Virginia Sank offourkegs, which instead of specie contained LEAD IN BARS !— About sixty packages were then opened, and found to contain two or three piece* of PIG IRON, and filled up with HAY ! According to the invoice these packages should have contained goods to the a- mouut of g 35,000. On deck stood a case which was stated to contain the bos of a carriage, invoiced at $ 900 ; upon opening it, nothing was found but hay, and some hoops and staves which had bound the hay in bundles. It is but jus tice to state here that Messrs. Watson and Son, merchant tailors of Philadel phia, had six or seven package* in the vessel, which were found to contain what they purported, and these were the only packages on board which were not ship ped with a fraudulent intention. The other shippers, according to the hills of lading & manifest, were J. Hulme, Humphrey Green, Daniel Scull, and E. J. Ilollingshcad ; for the three first, In surances were effected ; the latter does not appear to hare been insured in Phila delphia—by bills of biding, he appeared to have shipped seventeen packages of merchandize and five kegs specie : Scull appeared to have shipped and insured al so two kegs of ppccis, but only the four kegs of bar lead were found on board.— Yesterday the agent from Philadelphia with the master left here in the steam boat for that city by the way of Balti more, where a full investigation will be made, and the guilty parties, it is hoped, be punished. Various Opinions arc entertained up on the occasion, and it is not a little dif ficult to arrive nt a correct conclusion of the origin of this abominable transaction, and perhaps at present it might be well to hazard no conjecture, The mate and crew, (with the exception of the black cook who deserted on the 17th inst.) re main on board, but from them nothing; parljculkr bft be-q* collected.. It may however he slated, that the destruction of the vessel by Finn, and by that way only, was planned in Philadelphia ! The property represented to he on board, was between fifty and sixty thou sand dollars. *“ Philadelphia, June 2Dt, 1821. “ Capt. James J'obinsnn, “ Sir,—1 am extremely sorry that you should have been so unfortunate with the sloop Norfolk. My desire is that you leave the cargo on board and sutler no one to steal or take it away from you, or have any part of it landed on any ac count whatever. But let all remain as it is, and I will come on ns soon as I can and direct what shall be done and pay the expenses. “ 1 nm respectfully jour obedient hurrible servant, DAN FEE SCULL.” Nf.vv-York, June 25. The new Telegraph.—On Saturday, in company with a committee appointed (or the purpose, wc visited Signal Hill, at the Narrows, to witness the first experi ment on the new Telegraph, recently constructed and erected under the di rection of Capt. Read. The result was satisfactory. A lad who had only one hour’s instruction, was stationed at the Flagstaff, on the Battery, to note down the telegraphic communications : six dif ferent ones were made, understood, and corectly recorded by him. Thus ive have, at last, arrived at the mode of ma king communications from the Narrows to any extent, with a cheap and durable Telegraph, which may lie attended bv a lad of 12 or 14 y ear* of age. It is un necessary to dwell upon the advantages which must result to the great commer cial interests of (his city, by the use of this machine. The keeper on Signal Hill, with a good glass, reaches an ex tensive part of the ocean, where he lias a complete view of vessels approaching as well as those bound out. Any vessel, therefore, whose owner or consignee is a member of the association, may be an nounced, when 30 miles from the city, in one minute after her signal is disco vered. Disasters, kc. and any other in formation that may bo received, will al«o be announced, avd regularly recorded iri the Gazette, under the head of Tele graphic Communications.—We have no doubt the merchants will rind- it to their interest to patronize this infant, but high ly important establishment, vvbirh, we understand, will go into immediate ope ration. ‘--Gazette. Savannah, July 10. HORRID MURDER! About midnight on Sunday last, n white man named Saunders, living I? miles up tlir Augusta road, was shot dead in his house by a negro fellow supposed to belong tp a Mr. Brown, in or about Augusta, and known by the name of Essex. Mr. Saunders was cal led to the back door by tiie fellow, and as he opened it received the contents of a musket or fowling piece into his head, and dropped dead on the bed from whence he had just risen, and where lay his wife and three in fant children. On Mrs. Saunders screaming, the fellow who had entered the house seized her by the throat, k srating her on a bench, threat ened that she should share the fate of tier husband if she stirred or made the least noise, and in this situation was she forced to remain for a quarter of an hour while lie was search ing for plunder, lie first secured well the outer door, opening into tins public road, then lit a fire from a smoking pot which was in the house, and with the greatest coolness and deliberation proceeded to his search for money. Finding hut two dollars, lie became enraged against the terrified woman, and threatened her with instant death, if she did not discover more, or tjJl him where the pocket honk was. Tic however found that empty, k, then demanded “ the two watch es” and with these and the two dollars de parted through the back door. The poor woman, whose agony for her husband's me lancholy fate had been absorbed in the ter ror that was incessantly excited for her own life and that of her sleeping children, was now left a prey to the dreadful fecliuys which the scene before her was calculated to inspire. The murderer is well known on the Au gusta road, and it is believed will soon he apprehended. The circumstances must sti mulate to extraordinary vigilance in pursu ing him. ID is a stout made man, and is supposed to he the same who knocked' a hiack hoy off his horse and robbed him oT his saddle hags the afternoon before. He. is said to have been recently employed on the mid dle ground roadof Effingham county in creel ing a house for Low, Wallace, k Co. The distressed widow says that she had seen him before, and that he slopped at her house not long since, when she supposed lie discover ed the. watches iianging over the chimney piece. So horrid a transaction has seldom occur red in onr community, and we sincerely hope before this time, the murderer is in the hands of justice.—Republican. AMERICAN~HISTORY. It is one of the most exhiliratmg circum stances of the present day, to behold the at tention of Americans turned so generally to our revolutionary times. There was a pe riod in tlie short history of our Republic, when tlie great events accomplished in for mer days, almost seemed to iiave been for gotten. Wc were then rolling on the down of prosperity, and *.ve could hardly deign to ca*t an eye to that period of republican sim plicity and truth. The Declaration of Independence now makes a component part of school educati on ; and children, from their infancy, are made familiar with the. history of our coun try. TVc would suggest, for the consider ation of onr literary gentlemen, whether a plan so laudable is not capable of still further extension.—What we immediately refer to, is this, that short biographic sketches should be written of those Heroes who fought dur ing the revolutionary war—that the style should he plain and simple, and adapted to the comprehension of boys. Nothing is more delightful than biography—it presents scenes peculiarly endearing to the youthful mind, such as the family hearth, all the sanc tities of domestic intercourse. The object would be to impress on the ardent minds of youth a proper estimation of the country in which they were horn, and in whirh they will soon be called upon tp play a conspicu ous part. Nor would Wo slop even hero; we would enlarge the youthful studies we would present to our youth the history ol America; written in a plain hut popularBlyle; the contest between their onceilors and prowling savages—the reason of their emi gration—their flight from religious persecu tion—their dangers, their privations, Uieir sofferings—our revolutionary history the haughty demands made by tlie English par liament, all those events which led to the lu- depondcnco of America. It is equally asto nishing and mortifying to sec how much our countrymen Iiave neglected their own histo ry. Many of «ur youths have quitted the walls of our universities good Grecians and good Romans, but very poor American*. If we look over the school hooks usually put into the hands of children, we shall find ex tracts from Grecian, from Roman, and from English oratory, in abundance—hut " hy do we find so few specimens presented of A- merican oratory ! Will nothing do for Re publicans to study but monarchical exam ples ! Wc know what powerful impressions arc made in infancy. Even the fairy tales ol old Mother Bunch—the history of Jack the Giant killer—Torn Thumb—Gaffer Giles Gingerbread, and all this trash of the nurse ry, are never forgotten, mrrelely because they were taught us in onr hoyish days. [Rnlt. Morn. Chron.] rnOM TITE CHARLESTON COURIER. Who shall rejoice in his country, if it be not tlie American Citizen ? W ho shall fill tlie temple of tlie Almighty with praise and thanksgiving, H it be not the People of the United States ? hat land, if it be not the territory cl our Republic, exhibits sinless monuments of national prosperity, and unalloyed sources oi ex ultation and joy ? To he exempt from the superstition of rank, the superstition of power, and the supurstition of bigotry—to be blest with a country reserved for thousands of; years from the knowledge and the grasp and the contamination of Europe—pre served virginal and pure, that it might, in one happy moment, develope at once all the beauties of history, and form in' political infancy the sweet model ofthe universe—to have acquired all the re verence which belongs to antiquity, with out the sins, or tlie weakness, or the de generacy of age—to start, like Minerva, from the cradle to the throne of wisdom and empire—to he known only as an ex ample—to have displayed in the wild woods of America, the know lodge of go vernment, the noble enthusiasm, the free spirit, the undaunted firmness, which tlie Greek® and thq Romans, in the days ot their glory, poured on the astonished vision of mankind, dazzling and con founding them, and leaving them in tiie irretrievable obscurity ofthe dark ages : to be, in a great measure, exempt from tlie dangers which assailed and destroyed Greek ind Roman liberty : these are some of the sweet and consolatory char acteristics ofthe American Republic. What period of modern history, down to the era of our Revolution, was calcu lated to remind the world ofthe fine spir its, the superior legislators, the devoted champions, and the eloquent advocates, of Greece and of Rome ? Where, in that long interval, weve buried these mighty models of mandkind ? Where was the in fluence of their actions, and their lives, on feudal savages and cloistered monks ? It would seem as if the Reformation and the discovery of America, and of tlie art of Printing, had been designed as con temporaneous indications of a new go vernment, renewing and restoring, and exhibiting again warm to the life, the beautiful images of ancient liberty.— Here, if any where, would Plato re cognize his republic, and Socrates his country—Solon k Lycurgcs would be hold the spirit of their laws in our own— and the expansive benevoh ace k glow ing oratory of Cicero, would iiud themes of delight in our Republican institutions. Nf.W-York, June 20. INTERESTING t'EHEMO.\ V. It will lie recollected that Col. Marl;/. commander of the 2d regiment of ,\ ■ -V ■ • „ State Artillery, recently, in a » r; ;• r q, manner, tendered to ;lu Corporal ,, (hr Colors in his possession, that were ,, ( J „n the occasion ofthe first inauguration of i. Washington as President of the U. States, for the purpose oMiaiing them pies<rv< d the Picture G t.'lery of ihe City Hall, [’he Corporation having gratefully accepted Ihe offer, appointed yesterday ilfi noon at live o’clock for receiving tlie present. The ce remony accordingly took pi re at that hour. Cok Manly’s regiment was drawn up in front ofthe City Hall, when the Col. handed the colors to His Honor the Mayor, addressing him in the following appropriate manner. “ Sir—Conformable to a resolution of the officers of the regiment, I am charged with the duty of presenting this Standard to the honorable the Corporation of our city. The service, sir, is as grateful to my feeling* as it is honorable to the officers whom 1 have the Honor to command. These Colours are those which wavedhver the head ofthe late. Gen. George Washington, at the time of his inauguration ns ihe first President of the. U. States. Their intrinsic value, sir, is trifling, but the occasion on which they were raised —tile recollections which they are calculat ed to awaken, and the circumstances con nected with their history, have given them a claim to he considered among the memori als of those. great events which, after hav ing given Girth to a nation, perpetuated the Inde pendence of an Empire, hy consolidating the interests of every individual that composed it. “ The time will come when every thing connected with our revolution, and him, who, under Providence, guided the destinies of this now happy country will he held to he inestimable, and it is therefore that this regiment have requested tiiat this memorial he placed beyond tlie reacli of ordinary ac cidents—Its acceptance will confer a lasting obligation.” On receiving the Standard, (lie Mayor re plied as follows: “ Colonel, The Common Council accept Ihe proffer of tliis Standard Gy the officers of the 2d re- giment of Nevv-York State Artillery, and I am instructed to inform yon that they re ceive it as a gift of much distinction, and lhat it will be deposited among the archive* of the city. The adoption of the Federal Con stitution, which consolidated the interest* and combined (he energies and resources oi 11.P Republic, and the Inauguration of the immortal Washington as the first President of the United Hiatt *, connected with (hr happy results of our revolutionary w ar, are events of tlie utmost importance to our be loved country—anil ns these colours were displayed on one of those memorable occa sions, and waved overthe head of him w hose fame is dear to every American eitir.cn, they have acquired a vtdde that must ensure their preservation— both Vis a memorial of the grent arid good men who bore so conspicuous part in lliose events, ns well ns ofthe e- vents themselves. Permit me, Sir, in behalf ofthe Common Council, to tender you their thanks for the handsome manner in whirh you Iiave brought this subject to I heir notice, and at the same time to assure you of their sincere respect for yourself, and tlie brave men under your command.” Burlingtoh, Vt. June?®. Marc Counterfeits.—Five several plates have recently been engraved for a fellow call ing himself Doctor Charles James Stewart, from Lynchburgh, in Virginia, at the coun terfeiting establishment in Canada ; four of which are of the following description and denomination, via:—a $50 hill on the Rank of Kentucky ; a go bill on the Bank, or Stale Bank of Tennessee; one other bill, on the Savannah or Augusta Bank, the one how ever, of which Mr. Moore is Cashier ; and a $100 on tlie Bank of Louisiana. This Doctor Stewart lias probably assumed this name, among others. lie is supposed to he r}:> to 40 years of age, sandy hair almost red, round faced and much freckled, blue eyes and rather round shouldered, sometimes well and at other times meanly clad. Doctor Stewart had with him, it is supposed, a large amount of counterfeit notes on other Banks, and a rush is probably intended to he made in the southern and western states with a new description of counterfeit hills. SUGAR. It is estimated that about 3G,000,000 lbs. of cane-sugar were grown in the U- nitnd States in the year 1810—19.— That produced from tlie maple proba bly amounted to about 15,000,000 lbs. more ; together 51,000,000. Now ac cording to the logic of those who are op posed to the protection of domestic, in dustry,the consumers paid a tax to those who produced such an amount of sugar, of no less a sum than 1,530,000 dollars. At any rate, the sugar would have bro’t so much less in (lie market if there had not been a duty of 3 cents per lb. on the foreign article. This handsome “boun ty” is for the benefit of a few persons, Gut lias not been complained of as being a “ monopoly,” though it is well known that the people ofthe United States can not generally make it, if they would. [Niles's IVeckly Register.] [The editor ofthe Register is exactly right. The bounty he states is in etfect really paid to the sugar-manufacturers, (for such the planters really are.) What is the amount of the bounty ? Say twen ty per cent. The duty on course cot tons is live times that much, and yet those are stigmatized as “ opposed to the protection of domestic industry” who doubt the policy of increasing that duty. What would be the effect of raising tbe duty on foreign sugars ? To tux the peo ple ofthe'United States—for the consu mers pay the import duties, as we have lately been informed ex cathedra—to tax the whole people so much more for the benefit of the sugar planters only, and answering no other beneficial pur pose whatever, if this be true of sugars paying only 20 percent, duty, how much more true is it of woollen & cotton goods, some of them already paying 100 per cent ? Already is (lie duty on them so high that raw wool is not grown in our country sufficient to meet the demand for it ; and we have heard that tlie cotton manufactures here are so improved, that American manufactured cottons have ac tually been smuggled into Manchester ! [National Intelligencer. J from THE NATIONAL OA7ETTE. SELECTED HINTS. Cato finely observed, he would much rather that posterity should inquire why no statue were erected to him, than why thev were ! Editors have gained more pounds by publishing Milton's works than he ever gained pence Gy writing them ; and Gar rick has reaped a richer harvest in a single night, by acting in one play nI Shakespeare's than that poet himself ob tained by the genius which inspired the whole of thorn. Men will wrangle for religion ; write for it ; fight for it ; die for it, any thing hut—live for it. There is but one pursuit in life which is in the power of all to follow, and all to attain. It is subject to no disappoint ments, since lie that perseveres, makes every difficulty an advancement, and e- very contest a victory ; and this is the pursuit of virtue. Then are two modes of establishing our reputation—to be praised by honest men, and to be abused Gy rogues. It is best, however, to secure the former, be cause it will invariably be accompanied by the latter. His calumniation is not only the greatest benefit a rogue can con fer upon us, but it is also tlie only service he wili perform for nothing. An act, by which we make one friend and one enemy, is a losing game ; be cause revenge is a much stronger princi ple than gratitude. There is one passage in the Scriptures to which the potentates of Europe seem to have given their unnnimous assent and approbation, and to have studied so thor oughly as to have it quite at their finger’s ends. “ There went out a derree in the days of Claudius Caesar, that all the world should be taxed.” MARRIAGECONTRACT. Woodstock, Va. June 20. On the 13th instant, (Wednesday last) the cause pending in the court of quarter sessions of this county, for a breach of marriage contract, between Catharine Dellinger vs. S. Sticklnj, came on before tl.r justices present composing the court, G. Mottle, I. Overal, M. Eflmher, nndS.' Ilarre, esq. The cause was opened ably by the plaintiff’s counsel, and argued on both side* with unusunl interest, every art being displayed to enlist the jury to pity the one and be generous to the o* tlirr. The examination of witnessef commenced about 0 o’clock A. M. and from tbe time taken by each counsel in “peaking, the jury did not leave the box until 8 P. M. • The jury retired for a few minutes, being late, and could not agree; they were accordingly discharged by the court, with instructions to meet at 8 o' clock on the following morning. The jury as directed, accordingly met at the appointed time, adjourned to their room, and about 1 o'clock, brought in a verdict of $ 1,200 damages. For the plantiff, Messrs. Lovell and Grey ; for the de fendant, Messrs. Barton, Strother and Field. RECORDER. M1LLEDGEV1LLE, TUESDAY, JULY 17. A gentleman who left Pensacola the first of this month informs us, that the Spa niards still had possession, nor was it known when they would surrender it to our officers. The receipts from the customs was consider able, and this it was thought inclined the Spanish authorities to hold on as long os possible. From the Montgomery Republi can of the 7th instant wc copy the follow-, ing: “ A relation of Gen. Jackson’s, who left Pensacola a few days since, informs us, that the General was within fifteen miles of the town, waiting for the completion ofthe ne cessary arrangements to take possession.— Tlie transports intended for the conveyance ofthe Spanish officers and troops not having arrived, one of them having been wrecked on her passage to that place, and the pre vailing winds having been unfavorable to the others.” ron Tint recorder. “ THE PROSPECT BEFORE US," A* seen through the “ Signs of the Times.V, By the Trio. No. V. “ It will be remembered that a frequent re currence to fundamental principles, is solemnly enjoined by most of the State Constitutions, ***** ns a necessary safeguard against the dangers of degeneracy to which republics are liable, ns well as oilier governments, though in • less degree tlinn others." Madison, in the Virginia Report of 1799. Much as we could enlarge upon the im portant topics on which we iiave already touched, it is high time lhat we should turn our attention to others, almost equally im portant, which distinguished federal from republican principles. We have seen that the federalist* were accused of wishing to destroy the co-ordinate sovereignty of the states, and to reduce them to a blind subor dination and quiescent obedience to the go vernment of the Union. The assumption of powers by construction and farfetched im plication, was not the only circumstance by which this wish was proveable. There were a variety of others, mo3t of them coming within the range of the constitutional exer cise of powers, yet all of them having a ten dency to the same end, as appeared from the time and manner of their adoption.-— The splendor and grandeur ofthe measures proposed, marked the manifestation of tliijt desire. Among those which more strongly than uny others, -hewed tlie intentions of the ruling party were the establishment of a permanent and cxteiultd system of internal taxation—of an army and a navy in a time of peac e—and the extension of patronage in the federal government generally, and in tlie executive branch of that government parti cularly, by the creation of offices both de pendent upon, and independent of the two measures just mentioned. An overweening anxiety to destroy the simplicity and economy of the state govern ments, and upon their ruins to erect the su perstructure of a great national government, wasearly foreseen and vehemently denounc ed at the moment ofthe adoption of the fe deral constitution.^!)) In the front ranks of those who thus raised the warning cry, stood Patriek Henry of Virginia, always,theretofore, pre-eminent as tlie great advocate of human liberty and human happiness. While tiro constitution was yet before the people of lh8 stales for their consideration and sanction, lie declared that the plan of the confederati on of ilislincland independent state sovereign ties, would be swallowed up in one great na tional consolidated government. So, too, then thought Mr. Monroe. In vain did ma ny who were afterwards attached to the re publican party, but who were friendly to tiro instrument, (and among others, Mr. MadU son,) declare that the dangers which Mr, Henry pictured thus in “prospect,” were imaginary.- That the general government was too closely limited and circumscribed to the exercise of delegated powers, whose only objects were the common defence and the re gulation of commerce and foreign affairs—* that experience had demonstrated, that un der tho articles of confederation, its power* were insufficient for these objects, because of the want of means, or the power to raise them—and that tlie new constitution did lit tle more than to bestow such a power.— These arguments, plausible and persuasive as they were, did not allay Henry’s terrors.. “You are not to enquire,” said ne, “ how “ your trade may he increased, nor how you “ are to become a great and powerful people^ “ hut how your liberties can be secured—tor “ liberty ought to be the direct end of your “ government.” That, “ those nations who “ had gone in search of grandeur, power, and “ splendor have fallen a sacrifice, and been “ the victims of their own folly." That “ this new p/aniwhich brings us the acquisiti- “ oil of strength, an army, and the militia of “ the states, was extremely rediculous.”— “ This acquisition,”he urged, “ will trample “ on your liberties.” That“ifweadmitedthis “ consolidated gnvernmrntyit will be because. “ we like a great splendid nne.(DO) Thecon- stitution was “ horridly frightful ! Among “ other deformities, it has an auful sauinlf “ ing l—it squints towards monarchy