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SOUTHERN RECORDER. *V0L. JI- am MILLEDGEVILLE, TUESDAY, NOVEMBER 13, 1821. No. 40. PUBLISHED WEEKLY, On Hancock Street, opposite. the Auction Starr, B¥ S. GRANT LAM) if 11. M. ORME, AT TUUF.F. HOLLARS, IN ADVANCE, OR FOUR DOLLARS AT THE EXPIRATION OF THf TEAR. tnr Advertisements *cqAspie«ousiy inifrtcd »t tbo customary rirtrk. • Mdcis on business, In nil cases, mint he post paid. GOVERNOR’S MENAGE. Executive Department, Geo. ) Milledgtville, Gth Nov. 1821. J Fsllow-t'iliseni of the Subtle and House of liipreicnlnlirti; You have again convened as the reprC' tentative* of the people, clothed with the authority of legislating for the gene- fal good. Regarding the period as aus picious, I indulge the hope that it will be zealously improved in giving strength nnd durability to those institutions which it is the pride and the duty of every pa triot and philanthropist to cherish. You have intrusted to you the destinies of a rich and rising state ; rich in her genius nnd resources, and rising in her conse quence and importance as a member of the Union. The constitution, in distributing its requirements, has made it the duty of the Executive to “ give to the General Assembly from time to tio>e, information of the state of the republic, nnd recom mend to their consideration such mea sures as he may deem necessary and ex pedient.” In obedience to this com mand, I proceed to lay before you such subjects as present themselves to my l%ind, as being proper for legislative consideration. In a state like ours, un dergoing continual changes on account of the extension of its limits, much local Jegislation is made necessary, which might otherwise be avoided. The lead ing points to which your attention <o be more particularly turned *af thi time, appear to me, to be Pifblic Educd tion and Internal Improvement. To de fine the objects, and to traCe’tfie effects of these, would be an unqfffcessary labor, because they are already obvious to e- very attentive and observing mind. that the first should not be overlooked or forgotten, those who have gone be fore us, have directed in the 13th sec tion ofihe 4th article of the constitution, that “ the arts and sciences shall be pro moted in one or more seminaries of learn ing and the legislature shall as soon as conveniently may be, gitfc such further donations and privileges to those already established as may be necessary to se cure the objects of their institution”— Here an obligation is imposed, the wis dom of which becomes the more mani fest, when we consider the characters of those who founded our republic, and the concurring opinions of distinguished statesmen of the present day. But a still higher sanction is derived from the fa ther of our republic, who has said, ‘‘that in proportion as the structure of go vernment gives weight to public opinion, it is essential that public opinion should be enlightened.” Under the influence of principles like these, the endowment of a University and of County Acade mics, has at different periods, been at tempted by the legislature. It is a fact however, much to be lamented, that our literary Institutions have not as yet an swered tfie expectations of their benevo lent founders. The reason perhaps may be found in a want of age and experience, &. in a disproportion between the means furnished and the ends intended. Ve have now, 1 consider, passed beyond the embarrassments of lite first, and our in creasing resources are sufficient to ob viate the last. The legislature of 1817, noting under this belief, appropriated the sum of 250 thousand dollars (or the fu ture establishment and support of Free Schools throughout the state. This fund has been increased by the addition of lands designated in an act of 1818. Th system of free schools seems to have been ingrafted on the original scheme as suggested in the constitution. While 1 con-iderit more benevolent in design, I fear it will be more difficult to be earned into effect. With a view to a further ance of the plan, a committee was ap pointed at the last annual session, to pre pare, arrange, nnd digest a system for free schools, and to report the same to the House of Representatives on or be fore the 10th day of the present month 7,ooking to this committee for an exami nation of the subject in detail, I indulge the hope that such result will be fur nished as will operate to the general dif fusion of knowledge amongst the desti tute part of our population. The re sources of the state when reduced to our control will be sufficient to support the most liberal encouragement ot the U- niversitv, Countv Academies, Private Schools*, and Internal Improvement.— For the advancement of these objects, resources were created and to these they ought to be applied. You will discover from a report ot the Surveyor General herewith transmitted, that fifty I 0 ** subject to be drawn for in the last lottery, remain undisposed ot.— These together with districts 12, and 13 in Appling county, and the very valu able fractions and reserves furnished t>v Ifco lands lately acquired, form a lund with which the Legislature may conduct an extensive enterprise of any descrip tion for the respectability of the State am. the good of the community. In connexion with this subject, nmi in compliance with the requests of tin Legislatures of the States of Maryland and New-Hampshire, 1 lay before you resolutions of those Legislatures relating to appropriations made by Copgress for the purpose of education. These pro ceedings are so sound in principle and so ably supported, that I consider them en titled to particular consideration. Resolutions have been passed hereto fore .in 1817 and 1810 directing an in vestment of the Free School fund, nnd the fund for internal improvement in safe and profitable stock. These resolutions have not been carried fully into effect. The omission has arisen in part from the difficulty of finding a sufficient amount market which could be considered both “ safe and profitable.” Although the resolution did not .so direct, yet I considered it good policy to make the in* veslment in stock of the banks of our own State. In looking to the condition of those institutions, a great difference is found to exist in the price of their stock ; some at so great an advance be yond par value, and others so much be low it, as to render it equally imprudent to purchase either. If individuals re markable for the prudent management of their funds, have well founded rea sons to curtail their stock property, those reasons become s}rong*‘r when ap plied to this important appropriation.— Rqt the present and future generations being deeply interested in the product of the Free School fund, it becomes mat ter of concern that it should be so manag ed, as to be safe and productive. How Ibis is.tq^e effected will be for the Le- "’slature to determine. By an exami- a'tion of the charters of the different banks, it will be easily ascertained which iffords the most security, and experience will settle the question as to profit. 1 would suggest it as matter of proper in vestigation, whether the capital stock of such ha'nk, could not be so enlarged as to admit the investment of such funds ns the state might wish id disjiose of in that way. The Internal Improvement of the State, I consider as an object which well deserves and will no doubt meet your serious consideration. The state has certainly acquired that strength and ma turity which enables her to take efficient measures upon a subject so immediately connected with her future growth and prosperity. The Extent of our territo ry, the amount and value of its produc tions, its capacity to afford a market fur other States, render it a mutter of the first consequence, that (lie facilities of intercourse and transportation should be as extensive as possible. The improve ment of our highways through the agency of road laws, lias had a fair experiment. This lias been a fruitful subject of legis lation, and but little benefit has resulted to the community. In fact, the differ ence between the effect produced by the present road laws, and no laws at all, would not, 1 consider, be very striking. Whether the defect bo in the law or in the want of its execution, the conse quence to the community is ‘the same.— Other states have made advances in this department, highly to their credit, but more conspicuously to their conveni ence. Difficulties seemingly insurmount able have been overcome, and points ori ginally remote have been brought in near connection. These great and desirable objects lui7e been effected by the mentis of Turnpikes and Navigation, In the first, Georgia lias made no experiment, and in (he latter her experiments have in a great degree been unsuccessful.— These lessons however in the school of experience, will he profitable, and we shall be able to proceed more advanta geously for the future, by avoiding the errors ofllie past. There are great nnd leading market roads in the State, which might he subjected to the Turnpike sys tem, much to the convenience of the community, and perhaps to the individu al profit of those who might feel dispos ed to embark in such an enterprise. I am of opinion that such a work would succeed best by the incorporation of companies, and by uniting the funds and exertions of individuals with those ofthe State. In any plan of internal improve ment, much aid was anticipated by th more important, that they should tie such .* to form a sale reliance. A wasteful se of the public treasure has already iccurred by large expenditures on use- ess or impraticnhle works, founded on loose and erroneous calculations. The improvements which are progressing up- n'the Savanuah, Tugalo, and Oconee i ivers, will be more fully explained to you by the documents herewith trans mitted, containing a correspondence with Mis Excellency the.Governor of South Carolina, and the reports of different boards of commissioners. The policy of that state seems to bn liberal and en ergetic, and 1 should hope that none o- ther will be adopted by Georgia, Proceedings are still pending in the district court of the United States, in re lation to certain Africans introduced into the stale in violation of law. For a time these proceedings were delayed by claims interposed by illium Bowen and Miguel De Castro. Upon the dismissal of these claims, it was hoped that no fur ther obstacle to a speedy decision would have presented itself. But while mi al legation was in progress, at the .instance ofthe state, for the purpose ofa condem nation ofthe property, a new and unex pected claim has made its appearance in the name of John Madrazo, seeking a re covery of the negroes on hand, and tin- proceeds pf those that have been sold. For want of such condemnation, the re solution ofthe last Lfgi-lt’.ire, directing a disposition ofthe Africans lias not been complied with. This last claim having been represented to me by the counsel employed, as being prosecuted by coun sel, able and numerous, to wit: jVIessr*. Harris, Charlton, Bulloch, Wayne and Wilde, 1 have engaged the services of assistant counsel, Messrs Davies and Law, and directed an early determina tion of the case, From a late interview with Judge Davies, I have reason to ex pect a decision on the second Tuesday of the present month. But from thp inven tion of those claiming to he interested it may be protracted still longer. I communicate to you the proceedings of the Legislature of the state of Ohio upon the subject of a contest be^veen the Bank of the U. Stales and certain of ficers of that state. The fund arising from the sale of frac tions, in the ycat's 180G and 1807, has been so delayed in ils collection, as that considerable loss is expected. For fur ther information, I refer you to a cor respondence with the Solicitor-General of this circuit, nnd with John W. Bur ney, Esquire, a copy of winch is commu nicated. Soon after the adjournment of the extra session ofthe Legislature in May lust, ns directed bv .resolution, I wrote to the Secretary of War, w ith n view to obtain nn enlargement ofthe instructions issued to James j\ l’reston, Esquire, the commissioner appointed by the Presi dent to settle the «laims of our citizens against the Creek Nation, under the late Treaty made at III.- Indian Springs. I transmit you a copy ofthe letter and toe reply. The commissioner proceeding under the enlarged instructions, has been for some time at Athens, and ns I am in formed, has acted on a large amount of citizens claims. Claimants are still pre senting themselves, an ! I consider it pro per that the commission should continue open in this state nr elsewhere, to meet the exigencies of those who have not come in, either from want "I nif -rmation, or, from the difficulty of procuring tesli- monv. It is matter of congratulation thin demands* so just and so old, are about to be ascertained and satisfied. The G/ivernor* of Alabama and Ten nessee have been written to upon the subject of a further acquisition of terri tory. The subject i* deeply interesting to the state, and to the individuals who compose it. Until we stand upon the whole ofthe territory whicli we own and carry our settlements to nur ultimate limits, any general and permanent sys tem of pub|ic .improvement will be at tended with difficulties and measurably retarded.—Copies of the letters above alluded to ere laid before you. A statement of warrants drawn on the Treasurer, during the political year eighteen hundred nnd twenty-one, and a list of Executive appointments accompa ny this message. Two statements, one by the President ofthe State Bank, and the other by t!i< President of the Darien Bank, as requir- be serviceable to his country, and to g ve efficient oppositon to some great and leading measures, by the success of w hich, it is believ ed, the southern inter ests would have been materially affected. The appointment of a successor will de volve on you, and it is desirable, that it should be made us early as convenient. A question of some magnitude lias late ly been submitted by the Legislature to the decision ofthe people. A statement ofthe result you will find annexed, by which it appears that a large majority are opposed to n convention, The constitution under which we live has been in operation near twenty four years. It was formed it is true, when the state of otr country was compara tively rude nnd uncultivated, yet parta king of the republicanism for which our fathers fought, it has led us to an eleva tion from which we have a full view of our growing prosperity. In these times of public excitement, I am ofopiuion that the people have derided rightly in not committing their safety fo the storm.— It cannot be supposed this public ex citement has escaped my attention, and no man more than myself regrets its extent, and the painful feuds whieli it has pro duced. This regret would be greatly heightened, if. upon a dispassionate re view ofthe whole ground, I could be-, live that the cause of such dissentiofi, could iie properly attributed to myself. The impartial observer must have dis covered the true source,and having done «n, must be prepared to acquit me of all accountability. It is n > matter of sur prize that parties should exist, for tliov are always to ho found where Ike people are frep ; and no evil is to be appre hended until tliev degenerate into faction. When this occurs, the public good gives way to the unworthy feelings of disap pointed ambition. Amid the struggles which have taken place for some time past, we have heard an honest difference of opinion temperately expressed, we hjjve seen the warmer conflicts of pkrtv, and we have seen too, some ofthe works of faction. 'The traces of the latter arc to be found in some of the attempts which have been made to disparage mv administration. Oftbischaracter, I view 111 o«o proceedings* which, in the pretends eil form of legislative privilege, and in language heated and imiecorous, express a censure of one of my official acts, as being “ a departure from the essential limits of the constitution.” This act may have contained too much of energy. Si produced loo much good to accord with the views and wishes of some,.yet I feel that it is consistent “ with the unaitcra file principles intended for.nil times,” and shall have no fears in submitting it to Hie decision of the wise and unpreju diced. I was a Georgian before the con stitution was formed, and have reason to remember some ofthe events which gave it birth. 1 have witnessed its growth ; and in its maturity was called to admin ister it. I have done eo, with a consci entious regard to its principles mid the sanctity of its character, and with a zeal ous endeavor to advance the interest of the community. That I may have erred, T shall not deny, & from error thorn are none except. My constitutional term of service is about to ex [lire ; I return my gr-itetul acknowledgments for the dig nified trust so honorably conferred, and hoping that under the influence of har mony and good feeling, you mqy legislate to the advancement of public education, internal improvement, good order and virtue. 1 a.n your fellow-citizen, JOHN CLARK. Legislature from the appointment of °d by resolution, arc in the Executive an Engineer. No appointment, how ever. has yet been made. I lav before von the correspondence which has born had upon the subject, by which yon will be the better enabled to determine wheth er the office should have been conferred, or for the present withheld. For the past year no satisfactory survey could have been made, of any of our rivers on account ofthe continual rains by which they have been flooded. The law cre ating this office provides a competent sa lary, to attract the attention cf one of competent genius nnd practical informa tion, and none other ought to be select ed. Upon his draughts, reports and es Office, subject to your examination. The printing of the Digest compiled bv L. Q. C. Lamar, Esquire, under the authority of the state, has been contrac ted Jo.be performed by T. S. Hannon.— Bv the contract, (he delivery of the re quisite number of copies, wn» to take place by the first day of March next, yet 1 have assurances that tfie books will be ready for distribution in the course of your present session. By the copy of a letter herewith com municated, yon will lie informed, that the Hon. Freeman Walker, has resigned his seat in the Senate ofthe United States. This resignation is to be regretted, that iimates. it is probable much legislation j gentleman having been enabled by his would be founded. It is therefore the [ talents, and disposed from principle, to SfiKTlY CAKOI.I.NA SCKKFnV. _ THK VALE OF JOCASSA AND TJIE WHITE W \TF.It. We have been lavureil by Professor Pi.ack- mjRN with a perusal nf his Southern Hom ines, containing his notes nude during a tour through the state in till. 1 !, from whieli we extract an animated and poetic des cription of the Yule of Jocasaa and the While Water, situated in Greenville dis trict. It cannot fail to prove interesting to the lover of rich imagery nnd beautiful description. We shall make some fur ther extracts from the MS in our future numbers.—Telescope. “ F rom our camp near the Cliatuga, one of the head waters of the Savanuah, in lat. 35 deg. N. I made tin excursion to vi-it the vale of'Jocassa. It was only four miles distant, but a mountain inter vened which compelled my banter guide to make a circuit often or a dozen miles, crossing deep and narrow glens, ami winding along the to^s o'f ridges, the as cents and descents of which were so ab rupt, as fiequently to oblige us to dis mount ; at length, after a very tire some rout, we reached the vale. “ This tiny Arcadia is about four miles in length, aud from a quarter to n half a mile wide. The land is rich and well timbered ; the beech and American pop lar, in particular, large and beautiful. If is watered by the Jocassa, which re ceives the White Water near the north* ern extreme of the vale. The White Water precipitates itself over a succes sion of falls extending a few miles, roar ing through the infracted rocks, dashed from steep to steep, and foaming till it at length reaches a more quiet though still stony bed, and rolls its pure trauslucent stream along the vale. ■ *‘ This vale contains seven families, who have settled here within the Iasi two years ; they are properly speaking, without any legal jurisdiction, as they live within the Indian territory. They dwell in small leg cabins meanly built, us they are all new settlers. Some of the comforts, and indeed, nearly,all the lux uries of life are in a measure excluded. They live ou bread, milk and tlesh, wild or tame, but most generally the spoil of the chase. They have neither lawyer nor physician, for they need ho law, nnd the medicinal plants of their mountain*, are amply sufficient for their scanty list of diseases. One supreme blessing too is theirs—they have not a slave amongst them. They are clothed in the work of their own hands, for they ply the busy wheel and shuttle, and the deer supplies the inocasius, the leggins, and not uufre- quentlv the vest of'tlie hunter, “ A little learning too is theirs, though not to them “ a dangerous thing ;” near to the village school, and in a grove of lofty overshadowing trees, we found the boys tit play, in the noonday recess.— The less confident retired, tint peeped at the. strangers from their sylvan retreat. Happy people, secluded from the ills of polished and luxurious life ! ' “ The villi* y is encompassed by hills and mountains, so rough and precipitous that it is inaccessible, except by two oi three steep winding paths, and the en circling lulls so high that the clouds sit upon their summits* and seem to spread their w ings, to slihde the favored and se questered spot. “The view of Jocassa, as I looked down into it on my approach, reminded me of the rural prison of Russulas. prince of Abyssinia ; but this was no prison—as finer imago - presented itself I thought ifl Milton’s paradise, guarded by high um brageous walls, and watered by delicious streams, the sweet abode of innocence nnd peace. “ The stream called the Devil'i Fork, enters the valley near the south end, and mingles with the Jocassa. It is so named fmm the deep glens nnd dark entangled shades through which it flows; fit haunts, in rustic estimation, for demons and ge nii. Nor is this little spot without some claim to the historian’s notice ; for here stood once an Indian village, but the white destroyer came, and the Indian fell by bis rWord. Even now the hunter points where the red warrior bled, nnd -‘hows his grave. At the south end the valley narrows to a defile ; the Indians hud fortified tfie puss with aldiutlas, but left the river open ; our troops advanc ed in silence under cover of the night, killed the watchman whom they found a- sleep, pushed up the stream and des troyed the town. “ Having had n glimpse of the White Water Pall from about six miles dietant* I concluded that a close view of it must be highly interesting. A few gentlemen of our company and myself formed a par ty to visit, at the same time, the valley and the fall. Wo set out from Major M’Kenhe’s, the last bouse in South Car olina, and pursued our rout along the margin of the Teiaway, in a path acces sible only to horsemen or foot passen gers. On nur right the -Texnwny rolled its pellucid current over a pebbly bed, in pleasing murmurs ; and on our left rose almost perpendicularly the rocks and hills, covered with evergreens : the Rhododendron, the Kalinin, &t the Mag nolia, wildly and beautifully luxuriant.— In the valley we procured guides to lead us to the foot ofthe falls. “ The White Water derives its name from its numerous cataracts ; that one by which it flings itself into the vale, is trnnscendantly beautiful. At one place railed the Fitch, the water rolls over an even ledge of rucks, forming an uncom monly elegant cascade, about twenty feet perpendicular, and creating a wind that keeps the foliage below in constant mo tion. 'The brilliant whiteness of tlie wa ter through ils whole descent, contrasted with the hues of the surrounding scene- rv,- has an uncommon effect, and justi fies the appellation by which the river is distinguished. “ In describing such a scene of beau ty, one feels at a loss for adequate words nnd images. Some compared it to cot ton thrown from a machine, some to a river of milk ; but it would be in my opinion, no easy task to convey a correct idea of it in language or in painting. 1 found the whole scene suited to produce agreeable emotions, and I became a po et. “ Ah who can forbear that sweet valley to praise, Thro’ which the Jocassa meandering strays; Embosom'd in mountains—delightful retreat, Where llenllli nnd Contentment have chosen their sent ; Where law is unknown, as In primitive times, Ere wealth was ador'd, fertile parent of crimes; Where freedom, like air, is iu nature’s free plain, The choicest of blessings bestow’d upon man. And thou lovely White Water, wlmt pencil can shew, The beauties display'd by tby bosom of snow! Niagara may boast of the grand end sublime, But thou dost the pleasing and awful combine; Language fails to express, nor can fancy con ceive So charming a tight as the, wild dashing wave* Jocassa sweet strrain, may thy banks cvai tsi From the evils of vice and luxury free. The valley is about twenty miles wont of Tuble Rock, and- though not worth a long voyage, is certainly worth n trf|g from Charleston. Should the rhyirtot be objected to, let it he understood that in the college of Eutopiu, .during iny ap prenticeship, my masters taught me rfo* thing but am*ilgaitis, gaase«, fulmiiiations, detonations, nod » heap About how I Was to distinguish a quqyn Anne farthing from a medal of Olho, mighty useful matters to be sure in our swamps, but very poor ,-ibulum for a mind susceptible of the beauties of Akenside and Campbell. “ I would not hnve it (bought that 1 am toy romantic. It is a long lime since v e had shepherds and shepherdesses. Snivelling .Philips’ pastorals are nut of fashion, but we have pastoral life upon a bolder aud more manly scale. I do uot think that any of our seaboard folks have a right notion of a hunter by trade, It would scare them a little to see a jellozn slip the hide from a bear and then slip himself into it, the whole ready in-ide suit iu one piece, to fit body, legs and urins, without the. aid of Mr. Shears cud thimble. Robinson Crusoe was a mere clown compared-with this sort of dandy. LATESV OF lTfAYETTE. The following is on ejrtr.rt from a letter dated Far is, .Ipril tUttn, 1821. My dear Friend :—IVe have jilst re turned from a visit w hich has given us mnrh pleasure. This you will readily believe when I tell you it was (o tbo Marquis de La Fayette—a name which will ever be deep to Americans, associa ted as it is with'that oftlu* Fattier of our Country. We were received by him with the kindness.and courtly affability for which be is so much distinguished.-^ Although tie is non* approaching three score and ten, yet his gait nnd motions have the sprightliness, and agility qf a man of thirty, with the exception, how ever, ofa Might laovenes* in one hip. oc casioned by a fall, lie is quite tall, be ing full six feet, if not more—firmly, ra ther than elegantly built—large hut not corpulent. His upright figure, broad shoulders and prompt manner, show that there is still something of the soldier left. He has fine hazle eyes, to appearance entirely unimpaired by age, alternately flashing with (he fire of intelligence, or softening into the mild expression nf kindness—projecting eye-brows, n high long nose bordering upon ucquiline and yet rather fleshy—very fine teeth, and a healthy countenance. His dress was entirely unornamented, and without any badge of nobility, con sisting of a short grey surtout with co vered buttons, a white vest, blue panta loons, his linen being without ruffs, und his cravat carelessly Tied in a single knot. His residence is very respectably, yet plainly and characteristically furnished ; hud the room Where we were, wa« de corated in a manucr a little calculated to flatter our vanity. On one side of tho door hung the Declaration of the Righte of French citizens,.as established iu ’89, exhibited on a single sheet, and set in a plain frame ; on the other side of tha door, was the Constitution ofthe United States, similarly executed and framed ; and Mthi nttle distance from this, was a fine print of Caunra’s statue of Wash ington, vvhich I had recently seen at Rome. In reply to an enquiry respect ing the strength of the likeness, the Marquis,said in English which he speaks quite welr^ thdthe thought it very good, abating for the‘'artist’s desire to make as perfectit piece of sculpture as possi ble. He showed us, however, a bas re lief in goldTipon the lid of a snuff box, which he said he considered the best likeness he had ever seen ofthe “Ge neral,” as he familiarly called him.— Tliey both bear a strong resemblance to those wo commonly see in our country, and that on the box was very like the one in the print ofthe “Washington Fa mily,” with which you are familiar. The Marquis manifested cunsiderahle interest in the affairs of Naples and Pied mont, and made several inquiries con cerning them, observing however, that their behaviour had shewn thenrunfit for a better government. To a friend, wliile conversing upoo the conduct of A- merica to her revolutionary soldiers, he remarked that hf had no reason to com plain of ingratitude, and that the estate he now enjoyed was the fruit of her flS- nerosity. During the era of vicissitude# and troubles in France, his own posses sions and those of his lady were con fiscated, and he was left almost entirely without resources. Through the in strumentality of Mr. Jefferson, than onr envoy at the French Court, valuable and saleable lands were allotted to him by government for his services. With the avails of these, he purchased back a part of his wife’s patrimonial estate, the Cha teau of La Grange Bless need, upon wi ‘ he lives in retiretnenf and < ring the recess of the C puties.'* Of this hoda he is at; ber, and, associated 1 stant, he has aj.