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■ SOUTHERN MlLLEDGEVlLLK, TUESDAY, MAY 7, 1822., PUBLISHED WEEKLY, BYS. QRAYTL-IVD * R.M. OR ME, O ' 11 uncock Street.opposite the Auction Store, A T TORI r. DOLLARS. IS ADVAHCX, OR '‘'Lit DOLLARS AT THE EXPIRATION or THE YEAR. DT AJrertl<etneM« conspicuously inserted #7 the customary rates. Letters on busiinssi, in <11 Clues, most he ro»r rtm 1\\ a\3TVU>iWT\. i,s ACT to emend the lews new in forte, es to the issuing of original writs mid final process jo the Circuit Courts of the United Steles within the State of Tennessee. jj f a madid by Ihe Senate anil flame of Representatives of the United States vf.lme- , iea in Congress assembled, That in each a ret every ease where a citizen of any one of the T’uiied States shall wish to commence a suit ju the Circuit Court of the United States for either the District of East or of West Tennes see against two or more citizens of the state of Tennessee,some of whom reside in East and some in West Tennessee, it shall and may | iw f tl for such citizen to cause the Clerk of the Circuit Court, in which he may select >„ com nonce, his suit, to issue duplicate ,,1-iti—one directed to the Marshal of East, and the other to the Marshal of West Ten res3ee —which writs it shall be the duty of the respective Marshals to execute and re turn and when returned, they shall he dock eted’and proceeded in to judgment as one case only. . . Sec. 2. And be if further enacted, That in fach and every case where a judgment has been recovered, or nay be hereafter reco vered in cither of said Circuit Courts, it shall and may - he l iwful for the plaintiff in any such action to cause his writ of Acre facias alias fieri facias, or other process of execute on to he directed and delivered to the Mar ,jv’i 0 f c \ther East or West Tennessee, at Ins election—and it shall be the duty of such Marshal to whom the same may he direct ed to du execution thereof, in the same manner, and under the same penalties, that \, P w ould be if the judgment had been ren dered in the court of the district of which lie Jj Marshal. pmup p. B ARBOUR, made, payable by citizens of the United States on similar articles imported into saiif Pensacola or St. Augustine, in ships and vessels of the United States, from any of the ports or places of Spain, or her colonies, and without paying auy higher tonnage du ty than by law now is, or at the time shall be laid, on any ship or vessel of the United States, coming from any pprt or place of Spain, or any of her colomeB, to said ports of Pensacola or St. Augustine. PHILIP P BARBOUR, Speaker of the House of Representatives 1 JOHN GAILLAKU, President of the Senate, pro tempore. Washington, March 80’, 1822—Approved, s JAMES MONliOE. AN ACT supplemental to an act, entitled 11 All net authorizing tit*,disposal of certain tots of public ground In lha city of New Orleans and town of Mobile. lie it enacted by the Senate and Home oj Representatives of the United States of A meriea in ('ongressassembled, That the cor poration of the city of New Orleans be, ar.d are hereby, authorized to appropriate so much of the lot of ground on which Fort St. Charles formerly stood, as may he necessa ry for continuing Esplanade street to the Mississippi river ; and, also, to sell and con- ,ey that portion of the said ground which ,ic's below said street: the proceeds of such sale shall be applied to the purchase of the ground necessary for the opening of Victo ry street, and the. public walk and Elysian- fields, and to such other purpose as the said corporation may deem expedient. 1‘HIEIP 1*. BARBOUR, neaker of the House of Representatives. JOHN G.MLLiARD, President of the Senate, pro-tempnre Washington, March SO. 18**.-Approved, JAMES MONROE. Pnenker of the House of Representatives P JOHN OAILLARD, President of the Senate, pro tempore. *.s!.miton, **" Tames' klQNROE AN ACT concern'ng the commerce «nd navi gatiori of Florida. Re it enacted by the Senate and 1 louse of Representatives of the United' States of Arne- Viea in Congress assembled, That any ship or vessel possessed of, and Bailing under, a Spanish register, on the tenth day of July, one thousand eight hundred and twenty- In, and continuing to belong wholly to a citizen or citizens of the United States then residing within the territories ceded to the United States by the treaty of the twenty- second of February, one thousand oigh hundred and nineteen, between the United States and Abe King of Spain, the ratifica tions of which were exchanged on the twen- second Of February, one thousand eight hundred and twenty-one, or to any person "r persons being, on the said twenty-second v ' of February, an inhabitant, or inhabit ants, of the said ceded territory, and who rontinue to reside therein, and of which till* master Ha citizen of the United States, or an inhabitant as aforesaid, may be registered enrolled, and licensed, in the manner pre scribed by law ; and being so registered enrolled, and licensed, shall be denominated and deemed a ship or vessel of the ; States, and entitled to the same |m and benefits: Provided, 1 hat it tl lawf„| for the collector to whom appl th ill be made for a certificate of r» enrolment, or license, by any citizen ited ges F he biion intr- the] Iat* r.soi.isn mOAZim. A Retrospect of the progress of philoso phy and Science. Formerly it was esteemed citremel unphilosophical, and the very summit of ill breeding in scholarship, to vulgarise science by rendering it intelligible or useful. Pythagoras, Socrates, and Aris totle, kept their grandest speculation- masked in symbols of mystery, (or the sole use of favourite disciples ; and in modern times, natural philosophers, che mists, mid physicians, have, in this, ot ten followed in the steps of their ancient masters. In the earlier ages, indeed, —by many so ignorantly praised,—phi losophy was a most useless and idle stu dy ; inapplicable to any earthly purpose, except, perhaps, to exercise the heads of ieVctX-’ wb" "•***• looked upon by-:’ rest of the world ei ther a* tinged with lunacy, or as having unhallowed intercourse with evil spirit. Nor was this wonderful, while philoso phy was confined to the cloister and the study, and walked not abroad among the men of the world, except when veiled in darkness and mysteries. Among other mighty achievements, the press has dispelled much of this ar tificial darkness.—broken down the im pertinent barriers of the schools, and torn the veil of mystery from the face of learned ignorance, and solemn stupidity. Science, and philosophy, the pursuit of which was formerly little better than an apology for ignorance and idleness, have now become useful and popular, and begin to be domesticated in every family circle, from the peasant’s cottage to tlie palace of the price. Within n few years, ■ complete revolution has thus been effected un almost every branch of human inquiry and coutrivauce. The principles of husbandry, gardening, und mining are. Iieuce becoming every day better known, and the practical results nrc quite wonderful. Itesi dee, our halls, our theatres, and our streets, are most splendidly illuminated with gas ;* our edifices are protected from the b,roke ol the thunderbolt; our weightiest ma chinery, and even our ships are put in motion hv the steam of water : our m nors are shielded from the formerly des as aforesaid, tlftvid tructive explosions of subterranean ta tirioMti'Ilia being entitled to receive su p 0 urs;t in short, we cannot name n ils certificate of registry, enrolment, or licemhe ., nrtm( , n t of human convenience which deposit' , with the collector, the register uPvt. ^ ^ , nle j T rccl ,j V cd the most cssen bjTJhStoS iSilS "’tte ■■™.) U»i .Ions imkingtm.iv Iho in™ object of follot W?ance*to tile United States of America, un d that 1 do entirely renounce and abjure ail allegiance ar.d fidelity to every foreign prince, potentate, state, or sovereignty whtt- Ivor, and particularly to the lung ofS^i, Bee n A id be it further enacted, **hal the inhabitants of said ceded territory, who were residents thereof on the said tweet -se cond day of February, U who shall taki tin said oath and who continue to reside there in, or citizens of the United Slates i widen therein, shall he entitled to all the benefits and privileges of owning ships or vessels of the United States, to all intents and purpo- se», as if they were resident citizens of the United States. , , See ft And be it further enacted, Flint, ■ to coin- habitant, as aforesaid, to make such nata tions in the forms of the oaths, certified is, and licenses, as shall render them apfddn- i.l,. to the. cases herein intended to he f»f- v iiled for : And provided, also, That el “ t inch inhabitant, applyin; allowing oath: “I, A B, do swear (nr af- , c i e ntific pursuit, and by rejecting and inn) that 1 will lie faithful and bear true at- gcon ,i„ g away all learned jargon, and the theories of dreaming speculation A iring the term of twelve yeais m-nce three months after the wen) ... . ornl day of February, one tliousimd eight bundled and twenly-o.lt, being Hie day of the exchange of the ratifications of said treatv, Spanish ships or * easels, coming den only with the productions ot Spanish growth or manufacture, directly from tlu ports of Spain, or her colonies, shall be ad milted into the ports of Pensacola and b Augustine, in the said ceded teiii o.), the same manner as ships and vessels ol tt.i United Slates, and without paving any <> her or higher duties on their, a' S'"'* 11 f u# £r0 dsmp law now urc, or tliall at the timo Re * To promulgate in the most intelligible, brief, and popular form, whatever shall appear to us useful or worthy to be known, and to expose whatever may wear the aspect of unfounded pretension, or mystical nonsense, will be the aim ol the sketches which we now offer, and shall occasionally continue. Our wish is to exhibit a comprehensive, bird s-eye view of all that is now doing by philoso phers k men of science ; to give an idea of the most recent improvements, as well as changes of retrogression, to our mere littetary readers, and those who have not leisure to peruse the volurni- * Coconut oil, far producing c*» for family use, proposed by Mcs«rs l a v lor u<" * 1 nenu. || is wllhout sinrll, yield, u very bright flame, mid li economical t A Mr Lester »ny» lb* safety l*mp 1 clragnn that lures tins miner to de-triiction, giving him confidence to work in the imd-t of fire damp ; but nft’ordii'R •'* wanly a light thn he is often tempted to open the 'skroen, and 111e surrounding gas explodes, and kills linn — There is, vve doubt not, some truth in this — i y\ r |,,Mrr lum iliscuveri d e modtt cl eralirj ndtn scientific Jotironl^ ind Transaction* daily publishing! We shall thus also give philosophers themselves an oppor tunity of seeiog their labors fairly esti mated by the high standard of utility, by keeping which constantly before us, we hope we shall be able to steer cleat of all party spirit and partiality. OSOLOOT. We shall begin with the almost new and romantic science of Geology, the object of it is to investigate the structure of the globe, and the rocks, he. which compose its exterior ; for of the interi or little can be known, except that the nearer the centre the more dense and weighty are the materials composing it, whichjcannot, therefore, ax haabeen sup posed, be either air or water. Geology is, at present, perhaps the most fashiona ble of the sciences ; and the number o! able men now devoted to the study must soon bring it to great advancement.— The most useful departments of Ibis sci ence are those which relate to mining for metals, coal, rock salt, and alum, ; to the comparative ability to withstand the wea ther ; and, analogous to this, the crumb ling of rocks, and the nature of the soil which they produce. On these subjects we have discoveries and facts published almost dailv, hut cannot here find room for an intelligible abstract. The more general principles of the science are employed in investigating the age of rucks, sand, gravel, and peat ; and in determining whether these were formed by fire, hv the sea, by lakes, by rivers, or by the changes of the weather. It has been an inquiry of soma interest in toe science, to find a test by which to distinguish sea shells from (resh water -hells ; as in rocks where shells are found, such a test would at once deter nine their derivation. Mr. Sowerby nas lately attempted something of this mnd; but he confesses himself that he nas not arrived at much certainty. The Imnes of an animal found imbedded in rocks, near Maestricht and Vicenz,a hich had hitherto puzzled Cuvier and uher eminent naturalists, have been de ermined by Summering to belong to species of lizard, which, from its great size, he calls the giant lizard. It is oow mknoivn, but he conjectures that it is the Dragon of antiquity, so universally, though (if he is right) falsely reputed fabulous. This enormous lizard is 23 ■et in length. A plate of me .. r>e* nay be seen, Ann. Phil, in 135 N. S.l We need not, alter this, despair of find ing in som rock or gravel-pit, the skele ton* of centaurs, grifiins, harpies, or even that of the renowned Pegasus. minkralogt. The circumstance most worthy of no tice in this science, at present, is the am bitions attempt of M. Mobe, of t reyberg, ihe successor of the celebrated Werner, to establish a jargon of new names, ex tremely uncouth and lengthy', a combi nation of Greek, Latin, and I eutonic. \V e are sorry to see Professor Jameson and Mr. llrade lending their aid to the ropagation of these barbarisms. Almost every scientific journal an nounces the discovery of new-tninerals ; but we are usually very sceptical us to the genuineness of these novelties so frequently thrust on our notice ; (or we cannot often perceive a greater anxiety make out a discovery to be new, than to indetify the examined mineral with species already known. DOTAN v. The study of Botany, lately so fash ionable, is rather on the decline, owing, we have no doubt, to the great minute ness, and the absolute barrenness of the Linc'an system. This system, which was for many years unite unrivalled, seems to be rapidly falling into the back ground, and the more abstruse and equal ly useless system of jassieu is coming in to fjvor, and has already attained a pro minent place in the elementary works. Mr. Brown and Dr. Hooker, are our most eminent botanists, and non pttssibus aauis. Sir J.E. Smith; but utility is the ve ry last object which these gentlemen seem inclined to pursue. The forming ol di visions and sub-divisions, and Ihe idle practice of making names, and drawing op useless and minute descriptions ol (lowers, leaves, kc. form the sole pur suit all eminent botanists. Sometimes, indeed, they find a spare corner in a page, for a note on the utility of a plant, or on the peculiarities of its growth anil physiology, but this is very rare. Physiological, or rather useful botany, .» rapidly advancing under the care ol the Horticultural Society, and by (he ta unts of Mr. Knight, who deserves the richest credit for his experiments on the food of plants, and on the ripening and propagation of fruits. Mr. Drummond also has made the interesting discovery that the green mosses known by the com mon name of cm;» silk, so frequent!; seen on moist walls, decayed trees, bare patches of ground, and stagnant water arc uot, as supposed bv Linnatus, lied wic, anil others a particular sort of moss called by them, conserva:, but are mere lv the youg plants of the pine moss, and others of a similar kind. This is intel ligible enough, and is amply proved by art we now to make of the numerous species of conserves rainuteljr described and figured incur books ? ZOOLOGY. We have to record, under thix depart meat, the same decline of the system ol Linnatus as we have just mentioned res pecting botany. Lamare, a t renr.h na turalists, discovered that insects, and se veral others of the less perfect animals, differ Irom quadrupeds, birds, and fishes, in being destitute of a spine or hack hone; and Cuvier, another French savant, of great industry and talent, took up the hmt, and made it the basis of a new ar rangement, we think, to supercede the precise and uninteresting system ol Ltn- iiBus. And, if we must have a learned array of barqarously compounded names for animals, that ol Cuvier is rather more natural than the “ tooth and nail work of the Swede, which makes the a quadruped, and ranks the bat next to man in the order ol tilings, because ol the way in which it suckles the young bats. Undcrtheliead ofGeology we have seen Somtnering’s woderlul discovery ofthe ancient dragon. The discovery of the unicorn of our royal arms, which is said to have been recently made in 1 hibet, by Major Latter, and in Southern Africa by Mr. Campbell, will tend much to weaken our faith in the dogmatism ol na turals, and to put more credit in history, though it should be contemptuously called fabulous. Tlie newly discovered animal is described by Major Latter, ex actly as we have so often seen it figured, with ihe body of a line formed horse, k a single boro in his forehead. We shall examine the evidence of this dis covery more scrupulously, as toon as it comes before us more in detail. M. La- tnelle, a French naturalist of some emi nence, hits, in imitation as we suppose, of Humboldt’* geography of plants, giv en a very brief sketch ofthe geographi cal distribution of insects. This is a subject of great curiosity, but there are few facts yet ascertained respecting it, from the want of general observations by collectors, those personages being usually much more anxious to add a specimen to their box, than to record any thing concerning its habits or its his tory. M. Latrielle, however, thinks he can prove that warm and cold countries hare scarcely any insects in common, a'’ also mat under th* «ama parallels in countries which are distant, the spe- I cies are entirely different. Hits con clusion does not at all correspond ' t what Humboldt found to hold in the ve getable kingdom, namely, that nearly the same species flourish in the most listant countries, when the climate and temperature are the same. MSTIOROLOaV. If we were to estimate the advance ment of a science by the number of its observers, we should say that meteoro logy u making progress towards perfec tion. Except, ho.'ever, the nomencla ture of the clouds by Mr. Howard, and the experiments of Dr. Wells on dew. we recollect nothing which merits Ilf namo of a great or important discovery in the science. Mr. karey has lately proposed a method ol studying the na ture of the phenomena of falling stars, which, we doubt not, miglit belp to till up a column of a meteorological table, could be persuade any body to pursue h being slightly struck during a thunder storm, was, in consequence, completely cured. A similar cure was effected at Perth, on n.inan who had been troubled for many years with a tremulous affec tion of his whole body, which «vas com pletely removed by a lrtiork he received during a thunder storm. These facts are worthly of record, and should induce the profession to give electricly, and even magnetism, a more accurate and fair trial than perhaps has yet been done. OPTICS. The polarization of light, as it is cal led, hus for several years engaged al most the undivided attention ofopticians and Dr. Brewster hus been so industri ous in experimenting and collecting f icra, that he has formed an entire system ol mineralogy on the basis ol polarization, alone. We wait with some anxiety for its publication. Mr. J. IV. Herscliel has distinguished himself in a similar line of inquiry. The doctrine of Sir 1 New ton, respecting the preduction of colour*, by the thickness or thinness of laminae or plates, has been frequently impugned ami, we think with success. If the ex periinents, however, ot Mr. Charlton, (Ann. Phil. ii. 182, N. S.) be correct, colours may, in some cases, such as en amelling, be produced by uiecbaoicul di vision and communication. ASTRONOMY. We may consider this as one of the perfect sciences, in which we can scarce ly hope for much that is new. Not that there is nothing remaining to be discov ered, but because it lias been so long systematically cultivated and taught, that tlie mind of the astronomer is kept very much in leading strings from his defer ence to great names, and his implicit comfidence in matematical results. A little scepticism respecting receded o- pintons in science, is often however, ol much utility in leading to discoveries, or ia confirming by new and colateral proof what is already known ; and though it is rather a dangerous instrument to unskil ful hands, it is peculiarly adopted to men of talent. Sir K. Phillips, we perceive has been wielding this weapon against the Newtonian system, and has brought some plausible, though not very novel ob jections against the supposed infallible doctrine of gravitation, attraction, cen trifugal and centripetal force, inertia and the celestial vacuin on which Ngvr ton f..innkJ his »>Mim *. »«■ Richard, however, like many other ob jector* can pull down more MeXteroilsty than he can re-build ; his proposed sys tem of motion being in many parts very extravagant. Colonel Beaufoy, we per ceive, lias inferred from some observa tions on the immersion ol the satellites of Jupiter that the moon has no atmos phere, or ut least, it i* not like that ot the earth. This is not a new conjecture. for we do doubt whether Dr. Foster himself—Mr. Forey is out ofthe ques tion—or any other meteorologist, would sit for two hours every night, with his eye fixed on a central star, ready the instant he should see a lolling star to call out “ mark” to his assistant. It would, we conceive, he more produc tive in the way of discovery, to sweep the sky for comets. electricity and macnetism. We class these together, because the only thing new of any importance re specting either, is tlie very interesting discovery of their connexion, by M. Oersted, of Copenhagen, whose ex periments have been repeated by Sir I. Davy and several o'thcr British philoso phers of distinction. The subject may he considered as still in its infancy, hut we sanguinely anticipate that it will ter minate in some great practical result.— We are very much iu the dark respecti ng the agents by which electric, ga- anic, and magnetic cflects arc produc ed. Of one thing we are very certain that these agents aro not fluids as they are often foolishly denominated ; or 11, forsooth, they must he called so, we must call upon those who thus use the term for a new definition. At tlie baz urd of being thought credulous, w< ould infer from M. Oersted s discove ry, that there may he something real in animal magnetism, for believing in which we have not spared to ridicule tlie cre dulity of the Germans. The efficacy of electricity ilsell, in curing disease, has lately fallen into disrepute, though the (arts of it* pnner are strongly establish ed on the evidence of some ol the mos distinguished names in the professiou.* Two very singular cases occurred re cently. One i* given on the authority of Brofessnr Olmsted, of a mim who had mechanics. A Mr. Herapath has come ambitiously toward with some baseless mathematical dreams, by which he pretends to give a more satisfactory, that is, a more me chanical account of attraction, gravitu- non, heat, kc. than has hitherto been published. Hi* problems, we doubt not are executed with accuracy, and the re suits, being mathematical, may bring ir- resistable conviction to his inind; hut we are accustomed, in all case* of pretended proof, to begin with an examination of the premises ; and the premises ol Mr Herapath we find to be wild, visionary and, withal, very clumsy. His leading principle* is “ Let it be granted, that matter is composed ot inert, massy, per fectly hard, indestructible atoms, incapa ble of receiving uny change,” and ad mitting “ of no breaking, spiffing, shat tering, or any impression whatever.”— This extraordinary demand on our cre dulity is followed by numerous others of the same stamp, which lie says he has put iu the form of postulates, “ to avoid being obliged to establish them by direct demonstration.” In the world-making days of Thales and Anaximander, all this might, perhaps, have sounded very grand and imposing, but Mr. Herapath must be very sanguine, it he hopes to make such antique dreams as these, be now listened u with any patience. We know nothin - far as our own experience goes, gas hi general nor atoms of matter in general which are not oxygen, iron, flint lime, soda, or something similar ; and we have been too often bewildered by metaphysicians to trust to their uouseti- secnl definitions of matter to general, which is not, as they suggest, to be found in any particular body, but ill all the substances around us. Mr. Herapath a for making us retrograde with himself to the times of old, when *‘ the sublime speculations” of Epicurus, kc. who de dared all things from one Lind of matter were the only science recognised. We think the Royal Society shewed llieir good sense in rejecting these baseless problems, aud wo would advise Mr. Herapath, if he should ugaiu feel inclined to exercise himself in system-building, to lay first a sore foundation, without which even mathematics are false and SSSsS’ eipcrimonts i but v.ha-J a paralytic aff.ction of th. face and eye numerous. Among these, wo may menw hoti the great improvements miking ici the construction af chain bridges, in which Capt. Brown, the inventor ol thn cable, has been so successful. On® great advantage of sueli hi ige* is tbe.ii* cheapness : and another, that they can lie constructed over n width of water where bridges of masonry could not be at tempted. CHEMISTRY. ' Since the discovery of iodine, there has been nothing deserving ol much no tice in this science. Our eipet-inieiilJ are, indeed, suflieeintly oumeroii*. anti many oftliem bin oformerly obtained iiigh distinctions fo* discovery ; h<Aj their ..ej hum neetn to be #oj*c tnfli«|f^a*f tfiey were a few years ago. The rage for minute and unimportant distinctions, and for new terms to designate these, has widely infected those who are desirous of fame ; the contugeon having most proha'dy passed to them from our n.i* InraI historian*. We have in this spirit, analyses of the excrement < f u serpent, by Mr. Edmund Davy ; and of the u* rine of a Ceylon frog, by Dr. J. Divy ; we have the French chemists analysing opium, and henbane, and belladonna, and hemlock, k discovering nta substances, which were for the moat part, fortm rly known under different aspects, and dif ferent names. A metaphysical system — a little more intellgihle than Mr Hera* path’s obscured by symbols, has long been forming by Dalluu, BeiZ'-li Thomson an I others ; but though it is supported by the greatest names, wo think its utility very questionable, even f it were demonstrated to be accurately true. The new discovery of the con nection between electricity k magneli-ua has induced some chemists to apply iho reagent to analysis, and we anxinn-ty wait the result. Will it have any ef fect in altering the present view of the decomposition of water, which was the original basis of our established system l METAPHYSICS AND ETHICS. These studies are now become exceed ingly unfashionable, and it would conse quently be contrary to all we know of human nature to expect much progress to be made in them. The publication, however, of the lectures ofthe Iat* Dr. Brown, has surprised us most unexpec tedly with not only great originality, but, what is of much greatei* liionient; «•' th SMr» rt-vriie-N ef HvitTing, a*r; Utility ol application, than we had ever iTnteuipl.iled. Dr. Brown has fear lessly pulled down former systems, but he has no less dexterioutiy rebuilt a simple und (wonderful to ia)) an tu.'-in- gible and practical system of . letap’iy- sics. He has shown most cleat -Sat the dreams ol Dr. Reid, though i. oca- led by the super!’*. ial eloquence Oi Dr Stewart’s are baseless and tain ; and, of ourse, that Mr. Stewart’s elements, however, extravagantly praised by the friendly critics ol the north, contain no- Hung which was not borrowed from Dr. Reid, though Dr. Held had nosoiuu ty nothing worth borrow mg ; his chief work being lull of gross mistakes and miscon ceptions. Yet what is more common than to hear Mr. Stewart called the greatest metaphysiciori k moralist of the age ? The theory ol Mr. Alison, con cerning beauty and sublimity, lias also I'allcu before the sweeping pen of Dr. Brown, though, he has uot design, d to luot even at the existence of this “ pro found und original thinker,” as he has been most ludicrously called by bis friend Mr. Jeffrey. Our readers may recollect, that Dr. Brown first obtained distinction, by his masterly remarks on the Zoono- tnia of Darwin, und in this inuturer work we can still easily trace hi* o'diaa'i.ms to that original but fanciful theory. We have before us the second part of the Dissertation on the History ut aie- apliysics, by Mr. Stewart, published iu the Supplement to the Encyclopaedia Bntannica. It is, like the other part, rather tedious and prosing, and loaded with notes, the sweeping* of his com mon-place book, which be found it was beyoud Ins ingenuity to interweave with his text, lie has cautiou-ly abstained from giving any sketch of the improve ments introduced by Dr. Reid,—for these, as well as his own labors, would have dwindled into insigntlince, after the complete exposure of his pretension* by Dr. Brown. He lias reluctant!: admit* ted, however, that Dr. lieid was very imperfectly acquainted with the meta physics of hi* oivn ago. We may R|o> puar to sooae to have dono injustice to Mr. Stewart. We retort the accusation ou hi* friends, who have lauded him as a profound philosopher, to which char acter be ha* evidently no claim. Wo cheerfully accord to Itun, however, thi> merit ofbciog a pleu*in? writer. it is refreshing to the mind to turn from Herapath’s useless reverie* to the practical ir vontioas which ore ao?/ so EOUCATIOST. The new sjbi. iu education intro., duad by Bell and Lancaster, is said to be rapidly extending iu almost every part of the civilized woilJ. We have to re cord one most maikcd exception to this, — it: complete failure in Scotland. Tina very striking fact ha*, * e have reason iw believe, been indusliionslv enure did from llio English public by the friaud* of tho syslcai ; hat io pl.dgu out-cl..s