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•Vi* i f ,,,h TLc onuleBt and public ! ranged, hr treaty betwee* I'.ic patties. To.north writ coxslof Amtricrqnrr the or-nsidbi slrdemruit it npprr.r», l! f In flit ji.t.r *"
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SpiriitMl (uefcliiUitf r! cncle-1
f iqr very large school* iti tlmce part* ol
{he cMy aatl bubuibs iln?y ^cmc
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tscre iraivjij«l ; leit *o little samfictiou
x<*111;14* tap vi ri-ifis ol our ntizni* Irom tin’
tii'jiuid -lie outin 'iy il^lHiice to t\hu ii
j 1 l In; ten Hoi '.«l jurist lie. hua cxltiul>, lias ext it*
! «-ii still ^M hei surprize.
To.' oniiuiino U* els so deeply llieriglits
<* vlir railed ami «»l their ( ihzeiis,
of Mflmug’s JSir.it, and on the other, I lie | the* limits |
I st <b*grr«» of nai 111 Lit , lid
lot!, rate use ol an iocunteuli
only
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tie
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tlh' K MMnn n il igatois, vvito were the u +1 to : that, ill asiuiuiug non tin* l.ilitmle o» .> t, a
\|»l.ire that pail ol the Amei lean foiiliucut | ne»v | ire tendon !•» amit.i ted, to ivlne!i no
Itui>ia 11
at the .
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Aiuer k.
jiii Oil'*
able teachers from parent schools in } w .
London, that tn one or two \ear* the * ! Kroat.iU of right, upon principle
were totally deserted, and Itat e now b«..| ww S b > ,iu ‘ '-"A*'" 1 T?:.
Cwuvciteil lo oiIict |mi puses.
On! they give, though conducted by mostj ili.it I .mi murm led to inquire whether you
i* nil'll m ized t^gne explanations of the
literally
,.t ili.U-
um, tv Inch ran warrant Iho maims and re-
j g illationscontained it. *
I avail myself ofthit occasion to assure
I yon of in v distinguished rn isiileratiun
’ JOHN QUINCY ADAMS,
flie Chevalier l)e Polctica,
Envoy Extraordinary and Minister
Plenipotentiary from Russia.
NOR I II iVKsf COAST.
jVrjrngrfrom the President of the Lnited
Sidles lo the Hume of llepresentntires.
1 o the Ituuic n( RrprsientsUvs, oirthe l is '
In compliance with a resolutioo rd the
House of Representatives of the Kith ot
February last, requesting the President
of the United States “ lo communicate
tn that Moose whether any foreign go
vernment has made claim to any part of
the territory of tile United Slates upon
(lie Coast of the Pacific Ocean, north ot
[thins utkis.]
The Chevalier de I'utet.en to tue Secretary cf
hta!e.
Slit—I received, two days since, the Ut
ter which you did me the honor to address
to mo on the same day, by order of the Pre
sident of (lie U. States, in answer to my note
. , of the 11th current, by which I discharged
the 42d degree ot latitude and to wnatj iti e ordtra of my government in eomncuin-
iu 17 11, pushed tiicur d: cot iry as IJr a-the
I Util degree of north latitude. Thu J1 at de
gree, therefore, is no mom limn a Incan
point between the Russian eatublishtiitul ot
New Archangel, situated ondci tin- „*rltdc-
gne, and Un, Am,ucan colony a! Ihei.loulti
of ihn Columbia, which is fouiaHuuder
thtfHSih degree of 11;• same I ititude.
All these consldeiatiniis united, liiRprou
curled in inspiring the imperial goicniKrehl,
with an entire conviction that, in tin- last ar
rangements adopted in Russia, relative to
her posse.sums on the north west roast, the
legitimate i ight of no foreign putt er has been j
infringed. In this r» ,t ictiim, the Emperor,
lleilien), made since tile tear 17'.*L' t I.
ell lie tolur of n sanction.
extent; whether any regulations have
rating to you the new regulation adopted by
been made by foreign power* affecting | the Russian American Company, and s.tnc-
thc trade on that coast, and how fir it j tinned by his Majesty the Emperor, my Au
gust Sovereign, on the 4(16th)of Septem
ber, tbit, relative to foreign commerce in
the waters which border upon the est.tbli.u
merits of the said company, on the nu.lir
west coast of America.
Readily y ridding, sir, to the desire expres
sed tiy you in your letter, of Knotting the
rights and principles upon which are found
ed the determinate limits of the Ru-ia.m pos
sessions on the north west coast of Ami ri
ca, from Behring’s Stiait lo the. bi t oTmirth
at., I am happy to fulfil the task liy only cal
ling your attention to the following histori
cal tacts, the authenticity of tv hit h cannot lie
contested. The first discoveries of the Rus
sians on the north n est continent of Ameri
ca, go hack to the time of Emperor Peter I
Pliey belong to the attempt made towards
the end of tile reign of this great Monarch,
to fin.d a par-age from the icy sea into the
Pacific Ocean.
I l 1723, the celebrated Captain Behring
made his first voyage.
The recital of his discoveries attracted the
attention of the government, fz the Empress
kone entrusted to Capt. Reltring (1741)
a new expedition in these same latitudes.—
She sent with him the Academ'cians, G'mt-
lin, l)rlile de Iz Cnyrre, Mailer, Staler,
KrasilinicoJJ, Krcccheninienff, and others,
and the firs! chart of these countries which
is known, was the result of their labors pub
halted in 1753. Besides the stiait which
bears Hie name of the chief of this expediti
on, he discovered great part of the island-
which are found between tile two continents.
Cape or Mount St. Elias, which still hears
this name upon al! the charts, was so called
by capt. Behring, who discovered it on th'
day of the feast of this Saint,and his second
capt. TeehirieofT, pushed Its discoveries us
far as the I9tli deg. of north latitude.
Tile first private expeditions undertaken
upon the north west coast of America g.
back as far as the year I7f'3.
In 1763, the Russian establishments liar
already extended as fares the Island iff Ko
diark, (or Kichtak.) In 1773, Cook found
them at Oonalashka, and some Russian in
scriptions at Kodiak. Vancouver saw the
Russian establishment in the Bay of Kinai.
In fine, captains Mir*, Portlock, Le Pey
rouse, unanimously attest the existence of
Russian establishments in these latitude
If the Imperial government had, at the
lime, published the discoveries made liv flu
Russian navigators, after ll<hring and j'chi-
nrn/r, viz—('s'niilojf. Sertbrennieoff. Krassl-
mco/T Piycoff, Puushcareff. HazcnJT. Med-
tcnitjT. Sijluwieff, Lewaskeff. Krcnilsin ; and
others, no one could rel-ise to Ru
right of first discovery, nor could even any
one deny her that of first occupation
Moreover, when D. lose Martinez was
sent in 1780 by the Court of Madrid to form
an establishment in Vancouver's Island, and
to remove foreigners from thence, under tin-
pretext that all that coast belonged to Spain
lie gave not the least disturbance to the R-.is
sian colonies and navigators. Yet the Spa
nish government was not ignorant of their
existence, for this very Martinez had visited
them the year before. The report which
Captain Malespinn made of the results of his
voyage, proves that the Spaniards very well
knew of the Russian eollonies—and in this
very report il i< seen that the Court ofMa-
drid acknowledged that its possessions upon
the coast of the Pacific ocean ought not to
extend to the north of Cape Plane, taken
from the point of Trinity, situated under 42
50 of north latitude.
When, in 1789, the Emperor Paul I.
granted to the present American Company
its first charter, he gave it the exclusive pos
session of the north west coast of America,
w hich belonged to Russia, from the. 55th de
gree of north lat. to Behring’s Strait. He
permitted them to extend their discoveries
to the south, and there to form establish
ments, provided they did not encroach upon
the territory o copied by other power*.
This act, when made public, excited no
claim on the part of other Cabinets, not e-
t en on that of Madrid, which confirms that
it did not extend its pretensions to the 60th
degree.
When the government of the U. Statrs
treated with Spain for the cession of a part
of the north west coast, it w as aide to ac
quire hy the treaty of Washington, the l ight
to all that belonged to the Spaniards north
of the 42(1 degree of lat.—but this treaty says
nothing positive concerning the northern
boundary of this cession, because, in fact,
Spain well knew that she could not say, that
the coast as far as tile 60th degree belonged
to Iter.
From this faithful exposition of known
facts, it is easy, sir, ns appears lo me, to draw
the conclusion, that the rights of If nssia to
the extent of the north west coast, specified
in the regulation of the Russian American
Company, rest upon the three lia-ns requir
ed hy the general law of nations, and imme
morial usage among nations—that is, upon
1 he title of first discovery—upon the title of
first occupation—and, ill the last place, upon
that w hich results fiont a peaceable and un-
contestcd possession of more than half a cen
tury—an epoch, consequently, several years
anterior to that when the United States'took
tlfir place among independent nations.
It is, moreover, evident that, if the right to
the possession of a certain extent of thenoitli
west coast of A neriea, claimed liv the Unit
i-d Stales, only devolves upon them in vir
tue of the treaty of Washington of the 22d
of Fell. 1819, and I le-lieve il would he diffi
cult to make good any other title, litis treaty
could not confer upon the American govern
ment anv right of claim against the limits as
signed to the Russian possessions upon the
same roast, because Spain herself had ne-
nrelended to a similar right.
affects the interest of this Republic ; |
and whether any communications have j
been made to this government, by fo
reign powers, touching the contemplated
Occupation of Columbia River,” I now
transmit a report from the Secretary of
§tate, containing the information cm-
braced by that resolution.
JAMES MONROE.
Washington, April 15, 1822.
nt' PARTS!K.N'T OF ST tTr, t
B'u’liilgtun l.St'i .•Ipril, 1322. (J
The Secretary of Stale, to whom h.t«
heen referred the resolution of the
House of Representatives of the 16th
of February last, requesting the Presi
dent of the United States “ to communi
cate to that House whether any foreign
government has made claim to any part
of 'he territory of the United Slates up
on the eoa«t of the Farilie. Ocean, north
of the 42d degree of latitude, and to
what extent—whether any regulations
have been made by foreign (lowers af
fecting the trade on that coa-t, and how
fir it affects the interest of this Repub
lic—and whether any communication*
have been made to this government by
foreign powers, touching the contem
plated occupation of the Columbia ri
ver has the honor of submitting to
the Prc*ident sundry papers contamin?
the inform embraced by the resolution.
At the lime when the subject of the
proposed occupation of the Cohnnbi
river was presented to the Consideration
of Congress, at their last session, the
Minister of Great Britain, at two sever
al interview s with the Secretary of State
suggested that Great Britain had clainv
on the North West Coast of America,
with which he conceived that such oc
cupation, on the part of the United
States, would conflict ; and requested to
be informed what were the intentions of
the government of the United States,
this respect. The Secretary of State
declined answering those inquiries, or
di«cus=ing those claims, otherwise than
in writing. But no written communi
cation upon the subject has been re-
.fteived.
JOHN QUINCY ADAMS, yt
[Not having room for all the documents ac-
souipanying the report, we pietpone all the
gorrespondenco with the British authorities,
which terminated, in 1813, in the surrender of
n post occupied hy them on the Columbia Iti
ver—.v pYesent to our readers the papers which
are of more recent date, a.:d of tours immedi
ate interest.]
TR t MSLATIOJf.
Ti e Chevalier Politico to Ihe Secretary of
Shte.
The undersigned, Envoy Extraordinary
and Minister Plenipotentiary of his Majesty
the Emperor of all the Russia*, in conse
quence of orders, which have lately reached
<d him, hastens herewith to transmit to .Mr.
Adams, Secretary of State in the Depart
ment of Foreign Affairs, a printed ropy of
Ihe regulation adopted hy the Russian A-
tnericao Company, and sanctioned hy his
Imperial Majesty, relative to foreign com
merce in the waters bordering the establish
ments of the said Company on the North
Wi-st Coast of America.
The undersigned conceives it to lie, more
over, his duty to inform Mr. Adams,
that the Imperial government, in adopting
this regulation, supposes that a foreign ship,
which shall have sailed from a European
port after the 1st of March, 1322, or from
one of the ports of the United States after
the 1st of July, of the same year, cannot
lawfully pretend ignorance of these mea-
Sliri'S.
The undersigned eagerly embraces this
occasion of offering to Mr. Adams, the. as
surance of his high consideration.
PIERRE DE POLETICA.
Mr. Adams, Secretary of State,
Ifashingtoa, ll//i February, 1822.
[ Here follow* a copy of the Edict, of which
♦mlice has been heretofore more than once tak
en in the National Intelligencer ]
The Secretary of State to Mr. Pott licit,
ItErARTMFKT OF STATE,
IVarhingion,?5t/i February, 1322.
Sin—I hate had tlu* honor of receiving
your note of the 11 th insf. enclosing n print
ed copy of tlv regulations adopted by the
}! i**i;m kmcrican Company, anil sanction
ed by His Imperial Majesty, relating to the
commerce of foreigners in the waters bor
dering on the establishments upon the north
Vest coast of America.
I am directed by tlv: President of the U
Slates lo inform you, that lie lias seen with
sni p- hr in this Edict, the assertion of a ter
ritorial etaim on the part of Russia, extend
ing to the .list eg. of north lat. on this con
t'meot—-nil a regulation interdicting to all
com lereial vc-seK, other than Russian, upon
the penally of seizure nod confiscation, tlv-
approach upon the high seas, within 100 |.
t a lino miles of the shores to whieli that
claim K m vie to apply. The rel itinns of
the Coiled 4' i'e* with His Imperial M ije«
tv. Iiavn always l.ren of the most friend!t
c'l trader—arid it i* the earnest desire of the
giv eminent 'opioserve them in thuTstnie.
I vis exported, before any art tvhie.h should
d fine rite Imtmd irv between the territories
■of tile C.iit'-d States and Russia, on ibi* cun
tiaecrt, that thu-tame wouid have been ar-
beyond fltr 51H degree
viilln * and iiieonvciiicn-
meiir.tu owuei*, tint
their ra tl I:i | ru lent'e
w bu ll ii - . t-ri n given h
r.'.j rr.t ft will, inn
er fur wt.ri h the A
only liai<■ tu avfii-v
< hi l ine | uhhrn'J
i the inran.i rs taken
hy the Imperialjuivrrnnient l o ■:i .ii.l-it-inq'
tnrial right but also tn that prohibitum t
the vessels of other nations, im lulling those
of the United States, to appiuaelt within
one hundred Italian miles of the coasts.—
From the period of Ihe existence ol the U
States as an independent nation, their le
vels have freely navig.ited those seas, and
the right to navigate them is a part of that
independence.
( With regard to the suggestion, that tin
, Russian government might have justified the
my August Sovereign, It is judged that tin* 1 exercise of sovereignly over the Pacific. O-
llie lightsnl the R'i**i.in Anirii-..in Compa -
ily in their nbsptufe integrity. | arid wltii !t
This pretension it in he considered, not I shall nut finish tl: i Iclter without repeat 1 Ever'• out
only Wilii reference to the qoiston of tetri- ing to you, sir, t e letv positive a ■ in am e , . d ... ( ,
ivinrli 1 have already had tile honor mine ot t |
. X
ing tl.c :tl r.v t l ;.utl..* i.
v. i.lth she ho h.itncily i
ri j e, <‘i I I II I S lb.It r .6 ,
lull i* i csvlv rd It enq.li y
for the | 111
■/ bet i
I”
good l ight, ami tile obligation imposed by
Providence upon htiu to protect, with ail his
power, the interi sts of his subjects, sufficient
ly justified the measures last t..ken hy his
Imperial Majesty in favor of the Russian A-
nieiie.in Uninpatiy, without its being neers-
ry lo clothe them with the sanction of
treati *.
I shall lie more succinct, sir, in the expo
sition of the motives which determined the
impelial government to pruhihit foreign ves-
te s from appioaching the north west coasts
ol America belonging to Russia, witlun the
distance of nt least 100 Italian miles. This
measure, however severe it may it first
' tew appear, is after all but a measure of pre
vention. It is exclusively directed against
he culpable vnteiprizes of foreign adventu
rrrs, who, not content with exercising, upon
tile coasts above mentioned, all illicit trade
very prejudicial to the rights reserved en
tirely to the Russian Company, take upon
them besides, to furni- It arms and aminum i-
oti to the natives in the Russian possessions
in America, exciting them, likewise, ii every
mar tier tn resistance and revult against tin
authorities there established.
The Amt rican government doubtless re
collects that the ii regular conduct of these
adventurers, the majority of whom was
composed of American citizens, has been
the object of the most pressing remniutran-
ecs on the p ut nt It jssia, to,tin; Federal go.
vernnient, from Ihe time that diplomatic
missions Were organized between the two
countries. These retnor. tranrrs, repeated
at different times, remain constantly without
effect, and the inconveniences, to which they
cc.iii, as close sea, because it claims terri
tnrj both mi its Ametir .io Asiatic shores,
it may suffice to say, that the distance from
shore to shore no this sea, in latitude 5l
nurth.is not less than 30 dcgrccsof longitude,
or sOOO miles.
As little can the United States accede to
’he justice iif the ic.ison acsigm'd for tin
prohihition iilioveniciitioncd. The right of
the citizens of United States lo hold ri in
mfree with the aboriginal natives of tin-
North West Coast of Ann i ic.t, w itJjout tli«
tirntoriitl jurisdiction uf other na;ions, •**i
iu arms and munitions of war, is as cleai
arid inilisputiililc as that of navigating tin
«as. That ri^lit has nevci burn uxuruisud
.a a -pitit iii)tri«*ndly to Ilus^ia ; ai d, .d-
though genora! cninplaints havi* orcasion.d-
I) hecn madp on tin* subject of this com
merce by some of yum pr«;dccos«ors, t»o
he liiijhi ai idiporlat - .
! <• ‘•t.ior/t «*t
or»c* hue* iSint the Lum l ol V it .
n ti ii decided emmum , i^
di \ nre ot the tratiquilny
•xprr ssms to >on. t*)a f ,in every cage uhcri » . ,
. 1 , n rope, is txJ i I jtie, but that this dlep , U fi
.he Aim* ii'an irovertitncnl shall lucl^c it r.f- . 1 ’ , , r
e in
Hsaiy to imtk** e^/lupot.inns to that of tl.e | n
Lmpcror, the i're»idci)t of the Uuiftd I n t ^
i»ui} irut iiHMiml 1 bnt tti* i xpUiu tikHsa j (»vr*en \vi.nrn t!»c* moft | t.TleCt lirtru«(fu|
coi.ceit uith the Cui
! til*? 'i llUilh.I ICS, u-
wiil be al way s attend'd lo !>v t!i« Jiinpcror,
my August Su\» ;ci^n, with thf limit f:b ; uo-
ly, and OMjsuijuently the most conciliatory
tiisjtOf'itiuu.
IK* pleased to acr*»pt,air, the agsuraxice < f
iiiv lii^h cou'idi ration.
l*lt'HUE DE POLETICA.
10VVlb\U.V.
revrails, nt least so far as regards '1
ley. 'J bere is another corn Iumoii to lie
drawn from this step ol the Austrian ca-
hinet, which semis lo | lace no grout
ci ntidcnce in the sincerity of the par me
/iqiriMiious on the part ol Russia towuiils
the Porte. It appears that the cabinet
is far from presuming with certainty the
issue of the negoci..lions between Russia
ami the Forte, but it will confirm its po
licy and prepare in time lor the neon
lo come. It will he impossible to main
tain strictly our aystem of neutrality ia
cusp, war actually breaks out, and It.c-i e-
fore we ought to be prepared in time.-
Paris, March 10.
A particular letter Irom Krvjora, ca-
I coin the Savannah Georgian, April 27.
LATE FROM EUROPE.
By tlie ship Dorset, Capt. Dixon, ar
rived yesterday, we have received Puri*
papets to the l2lh, containing London
date* to the Till March.
He have been politely favoured with
translalioes by a gentleman, which will
fie found below. The intelligence ge-! pital <.f Nnlucliia. dated 15th ltb.sUiej
neralli is c I a wat like mist.
chaste ol ministers, judging from the
Intruder* ol lho*e engaged on important
missions, continued unabated. Aus-
, - . . , • , , | tri.i it appears has assumed a determined
specific ground of diarg>- lias ever been at ; , , , ,
h dgr-d liv them of any tiim-actinn in it which 1 ‘ , ‘ ,he I" csen a.Ion ol pease, _ in
tile United States wire, by the ordinary
laws and usagi s of nation*, hound either lo
restrain nr to punish. Ii id any such charge
been made, it Weuld have received the nn-t
pointed attention of this govi riunent, wit:
tin 'inn-rest arid fuiin *t di-p sitinn tu per
form every art and obligation in justice to
yours which could have been required. I
am commanded by the President of the
Utiit-d State* to assure you, that thu di-; n
sition w ill continue to he entertained, luge
tlier with the earnest elesire that the mo*
harmonious relations between the two coun
tries may he preserved.
Relying upon the assurance in your not.
of similar disposition* reciprocally enter!
gilt to bring a remedy, rout nun: to in- ed by His Imperial Majesty toward* the l
The Imperial Government, respecting the. .
intentions of the American Government, has I I
Iway* abstained from attributing the ill sue
nited States, tile l’ie-uient I* persuadi cl itin
the i itizi-ns of this Union w ill ri main unmi
e-ted in the prosecution of their law fnl c< n
merce, and that no effect will he g
•ess of its remonstrances to any motives interdiction manifestly incompatible will
• ban those which flow, if I may lie allowed
the expression, from the very nature of the
their rig t
I am happy to renew the assurances oftriy
institutions which govern the national affairs distinguished consideration.
if the American Federation. But the high I
• pinion which the Emperor has always l Tke Chevalier de Pntetica,
JOHN QUINCY ADAMS.
ntertained of the rectitude of the A inert - j
ran government, cannot exempt him from !
the care w hich his sense of justice toward*
his own subjects imposes upon him. Pari
fic means not having brought any alleviati
on to the just grievances of tile. Russian A-
merican Company, against foreign navigati
on in the waters which environ their estab
lishments on tlu: north west coast of Ame
rica, the Imperial Government saw itself un
der tile necessity of having recourse In the
means of coercion, and of measuring the ti-
gotir according to the inveterate character
-if the evil tn which it wished to put a stop.
V et it is easy to discover, on examining close
ly the last regulation of the Russian Aiueri
i an Company, that no spirit of hostility hap
anything to do with its-formation. Tl)e
most minute precautions have hern taken m
it to prevent abuses of authority on the part
of commanders of Russian cruisers appoint
ed for the execution of said regulation. At
the same time, it has nut been neglected to
give all the timely publicity necessary to put
those on their guai d against whom the mea
sure is aimed.
Its action, therefore, can only reach the
foreign v essels, which, in spite of the notifi
cation, w ill expose tiu-mscU es to seizure bv
infringing upon the line marked out in the
egulation. The government flatters itself
'hat these cases will he vciy rare—if all re
mains as at present—not one.
I ought, in the last place, to request you to
consider, sir. that the Russian possessions,
in the Pacific Ocean, extend on the north
west coast of America from Behring’s Strait
to tin-51st degree of north latitude, and on
the opposite side of Asia and the Islands ad
jacent from tlie same strait to tin: 45th deg.
The extent of sea, of which these possessi
ons form the limits, comprehends all the
conditions which are ordinarily attached to
shut seas (Mers femu rs) and the Russian
Government might consequently judge itself
authorized to exercise upon this sea tin*
rights of sovereignty, and especially that of
entirely interdicting Ihe entrance iff foreign
ers. But it preferred only asserting its es
sential rights without taking any advantage
of localities.
r I he Emperor, my August Sovereign, sets
a very high value upon the. maintenance of
the relations of amity and good understand
ing, which have till notv subsisted between
the two countries. The dispositions of Lis
Imperial Majesty in this regard have never
railed appearing at all times, when an oecasi
on has presented itself in the pnlitieal relati
ons of the United States with tile European
powers—and, surely, in the midst of a gene
ral peace, Russia does not think of aiming a
blow at the maritime interest of the United
Slates, she who has constantly respected
litem in those difficuitrii ruuistances in which
Europe lias been «een tube placed iu the l it
ter times and the influence of w Inch the U.
Slates have been unable to avert.
I have the honor to he, with high eonsi-
deralinn, sir, your most obedient humble
servant,
PIERRE DE POLETICA.
Washington, ZZth Feb. 1322.
Envoy Extraordinary ana Minister
Plenipotentiary from Russia
[TRASS I. AT ION.)
The CheraJier de Puteiiea lo the Secretary of
State.
Washisgtok, 21st Mai«:b,(2J April,) 1822
Sir : I had the honor yesterday to receive
the letter which you were pleased to addres
to me, dated SlMli March last, N. S. ; ai d
not being authorized to continue the discus
sion to which it ri fi rs, I find myself unde
the necessity of taking the contents of that
letter and referendum, reserving myself to
communicate it to my government as soon
as possible.
In the mean time I shall take the liberty
of subiniitioR to ynnr consideration son:<
observations which have been suggi: 'ed
tn me by certain passages in your letter,
which require particular notice.
In the first official letter which I had the
honor of addressing lo yon, dated 161b (28th)
February last. I thought I had succeed, d ii.
clearly di nmnsteating that the rights iff Rus
sia to the possession of a certain extent of
the North West Coast of America, as far as
these rights can he rendered legitimate 1 v
tile first discovery, the first occupation, anil
a possession not contested for more than
Haifa century—that these rights, I say, go
hark to tiroes considerably earlier than the
reign of the Emperor Paul I.
When this sovereign granted, in 1700, to
the Russian American Society its first char
ter of incorporation, there had never been
a question about abandoning to that Com
pany Ihe l ight of sovereignty over one de
terminate portion ofllie North West Coast
of America in all its plenitude. The ques
tion was purely and simply of conceding to
the said Company a part of the sovereignty,
or rather certain exclusive privileges of com
merce ; and it is in this view that the act of
1799, to which you refer,sir, fixed the limits
of the operations of the Russian American j
Company.
The rights of sovereignty belonging to
Russia could lose nothing of their local ex
tent in consequence of the concession made
tn that Company in the reign of the Empe
ror Paul. That these rights extended, in
the opinion of the Imperial govei iiment, far
(her south than the 55th degree of latitude,
appears evident from the structure of the
3d article of the act of incorporation, which
authorizes (lie Company to form establish
ments south of the 55th degree iff north lati
tude.
But, what will disppl even the shadow of
doubt in this regard, is the authentic fact,
that in 1739, the Spanish packet St. Charles,
commanded hy ( apt. Iiain, found in the la
titude 43 Si 59, Russian establishments to tin-
number of eight, consisting in the whole ot
20 families and 462 individuals. These were
the descendants of the companions of Cap-
lain Trhiriroff, who were supposed till Iheo
to have perished.
With such titles justifying the rights claim
ed hy Russia, you yourself, sir, you will a
gree, that it is perfectly immaterial vvhethci
tlu: Russian establishment at Novo Aichan
gelsk lie stnall or large. If the rights of tor-
nl America, to tile 51st degree of north lati
tude, it* only foundation appears to he the
existence of the small settlement of Novo
\rcluiiigi-lsk, situated not on the American
continent, Imt upon a small island, in latitude
-.7. And the principle upon which you
''ate that this claim i* now advanced is that
Hie ulsi degree is equi-distant from the set-
| . ... . tlement of Novo Archangelsk and the estab-
The Imperial government, in assigning for i II,iiment iff the United States at the month
limit! to iho Russian jvonKsuotw en Urn, of Columbia river. Uni Rem Iho game.
The Secretary of Slate to Mr. De Polelica ."‘".V" 1 measured according
,/ j a. ,ur. i c i oicuca. to the dimensions ot the points occupied.
Dkpartmfnt ok State, w hat Would become of those of the United
\\ asliington, SOlh March, 1822. Slates upon a very considcrnbie extent of
Sir: I have had the honor of receiving 'he same North West Coast ? for the onR
your letter of the 28th tilt, which has born 'merican establishment
ulimitled to the ctiii'ideralion of the Presi- certainly n ry inferior in stability to that of
dent of the United Stales. Russia at Novo Arrhangcl'k.
From the deductions which it contains I" 'h* 1 same manner the great extent of
of the ground upon w hich the article* iff 'be Pacific Ocean, at the 51st degree of la
regulation of the Russian Ameriran Com-I'dude rumint invalidate the right which
l’"»y have now, for the first time, extended I B" 55 " 1 may hive ol considering that part of
toe claim of Russia on t lie N orth West Coast ^ the ocean a* close. But, as the Imperii*! go
which, according lo the at tide copied
Irom the “ Precurscur" below, wludi
i* no doubt “ by authority,” *he is join-!
td by Ihe Courts of St. James and the
Thuilleries. Prussia has .assumed a'
wat like altitude. In England the tnci |
chant* had enlt red into immense specu
lations in Russian produce, in anticipa
tion of an immediate Continental tear —
We find nothing in relation to the pt. -
tt-ss of the Greek*. An ex; eel ni'.i
was elite i tained in L' ndon th l one oft he
Wesl-lndia 1 -lands wouid he opened n
Hie commerce of the United States, am
some desn iptions ot produce hail fallen
in consequence.
It i~ st.ited iti the Paris paper* of the
10'h i t March, that there is a prob.ilulitv
"I ati alliance ufiensive &. defensive be
tween I lance and England in case of a
war in the Ea*t.
Fxtrucl ij a tetter to a mercantile house
in this city, dated
Havre. March 1 2.
e heg leave to i oi.fiuu our la-t re
spe is under date of 21 -1 and 26t!i n!t.—
riince w lien an iv il* ot coin n h ive c*u)-
•uderal.l increased and wt now fin 1 that | '
our sop) lie* amount tu 18 (Jilt) U. Stab -
which I- Itnm 4.500 to 4.5UU more than | t
at the same period I ist y * ar, to « hi h
eld I IOO hales per. Cleveland nd 7f)U
per. Elbe, arrived ft out New-Oilcans tin
bill anil I I II. instants.
Our cotton market still continues Dill,
and it t* is w itbout effect that the holders
of cotton keep up their price*.
Small lots only are djife ei! Cl a! from
3tir. a 30 1-2 fir the xi(»t discioption*
of Georgia and Carolina ; "mixed parcel*
are without demand, and would not bring
over 29c. Two lots of 490 and 200
bales iiave been sold last week al this
price.
Lmjisianas 33c. a 35 in more demand
than Georgia and Carolina, on account ol
its superior quality.
lo the English I louse of Commons on
the 4th March. Lord Palmerston present
n! the army budget, in w hich the milita
ry forces for 1822 are stated at 08,802
men. Several propositions were made
to reduce the number, but without suc
cess.
On the 5th March the House of Lord*
were occupied in the consideration of a
great number of petitions presented by
Lord Erskine respecting the distresses
of the country ; all which were throzen
under the table.
Mr. Bennett introduced his motion in
the House of Commons respecting the
funeral of the late Queen, in which he
observed 11 that all the solemn and re
spectful regulations, and all the ancient
usages which had been always religious
ly observed at the funerals of (he former
Queens of England, had been without ne
cessity, and with much indecency, vio
lated at the obsequies of the late Queen
Caroline.” This motion was opposed
with much wnruith by the Marquis of
Londonderry, Mr.Calvert and Mr. Peel,
in which they endeavored to show that
every thing they had done was in con
formity with their duty. Mr. Hume,
Mr. Denman, Sir. Hobhouso and Dr.
Lushington, successively defended the
motion, which after a long debate, in
which many other members took part,
was rejected.
Lord Bvrnn has addressed a Idler to
Mr. Mur rav, publisher of fum. vindicat
ing the morality ol the piece, in which
lie observes, that if it is considered blas
phemous, the Paradise Lost of Milton is
not less so.
The celebrated professor Haller has
been (*,r some time in Genoa, charged
with a very delicate mission fiom the
Bishop of Fribtirg.
I he introduction of Books and Ncws-
y r t known is j papers into Savoy has been prohibited
' under severer penalties than were for
merly imposed.
AL / hi I la ve, one of most the di* (in
giiished physician* in Pam died 6H.
March.
i be ex- that for a fortnight preceding, the ’J utks
had been reinforcing that point. L.en
bouse there Was tilled wi t. soldiers, ai d
some inhabitant' had COioldiers quartei-
ed upon each of them, 'i his looks i.ke
.be defensive.
M. Ip due Decazc? set out la*t ntgl'
for Germany, chained with a:, impertaok
mission.
Eight individuals vrh !..,vr been en
gaged iti tnit:> ‘.diiins ptociedir.es;
liave been delivered over to the hands
of justice.
riie King gave an audience (hi* morr.
ning, til which vv ere present all the dmu *
t .l ies of ll:c Kingd- m, arid foreign Am-
I'assadnts. We rnn.nked the Prince
i alley rand among tln'-e admitted.
1 lie latest news from Angers, Sac-'
uiur iind Pours, i- its snlislactory as wo
could hope. ’I lie rebel- have been dis
persed nlicrevcr they h ive appeared.—•
A gt e;it many nf them have been delu < r-
ed over injustice ; and a pursuit i-made
alter ethers. There is little cause for
alarm, as the army i- charged with tl.a
tranquility cf the country, and it gins
daily prools that it u ill not he wanting in
its duty.
I. ox dor, March 7.
he have no positive news respecting
tile state ol relations h t a et n Russia ami
I uikey ; the general belief howcver y
tti.it the war will t ike place immedi
ately ; and our merchants nre specula
ting upon this hypothesis ; a great quan
tity o( the produce <il the north ol Eu
rope hii- been purchased up bv them,,
umler the apprehension that the good in
telligence between the Courts of St-
Jatnes and St. Petersburg will lie inter*
tupted. All Russian produce ha-risen
except tallow, w hich luts <le* lined in con-
»> qu«‘H"5 of recent very heavy impor
tation* ol thi* arti le.
1 here is a strong presumption, nnil
some commercial speculations are found
ed upon it—that a treaty of commerce
will shortly lie concluded between Bri
tain ami the United States, which will
open to them, at least, one of our ports
in the W e B t Intiier.
I . reign funds have not been in much
demand here for some days past—Our
Exchange is encumbered with stoefu of
almost eiery country.
Br.nux, Feb. 28.
Our army is put in an imp. -irnr atti
tude, and seems to prestage an approach
ing war, in which wc are to have an ac
tive part. Our government has already
collected a considerable quantity of mu
nition* of war, and we ran soun put
300,000 men in motion, well exercised.
It ha* been re mat ken fir some week-,
that theie has been a ven frequent ex
change of Couriers between this capital
and Paris. All this induce* the heip f
that they relate to diplomatic regulations
of gre ffiqmpoi lance.
'eminent has not thought fit to take silvan-
tage of that right, all further discussion on
this subject w ould lie idle.
A* to thp right claimed fur the citizens rf
the (. nited State* of trailing w ith the native
ofllie country of ilia North West roast ol
Amei ,ca, without the limit* of Ihe juvisdic-
tion belonging to Russia, the Imperial g.-
vernnient will not eeilainly think of limitin'
it, and -till less of attacking it there. But I
j Boston, April IS.
IF.ST FRO.M ENGLAND,
/ship Herald, Cnut. Fox, which,
t tin* port la-t evening from Li*
we have received our tiles of
papers to thu I Ith March, and
I papers to the I Ith. They
various account* of disturbin'-) a
e w ith h are represented as of
importance. A great number • f
had been m ule in different clli-
of the department. '1 he funds re
mained high and without any nmteii I
change. It was reported for snvet 1
dayui that General Baton was at the head
of a body i.t troops and na* mnrehinv-
npon Nautss. The government, had at"
tempted to arre-t him hut he had eluded
pursuit. Thu discur-inn cf the law cf
the Pro** was not concluded.
I he - ipers speak with more cor.fi-
dcuceof a Russian war. In addition to the
paragraph tv licit we have copied firm
the Courier, the Morning Chrmii Iu n -'
marks. ‘‘Mr. Tierney alluded very signi
ficant!’ [m the debSli on the reductn ii
of the i n c per. rent.] to the connexi n
between liie ln«lo. of (he C! :ncel|o> of thr-
Exchcqncr to e|p,-o Iff* arrangement, r.d
tile expectation ot war L> t venn Ivus
and Tin key,” and adds •• there is i iv
an almost uni vers .1 convict: on in |||o | •
The Pmursenr, published nt Vienna, informed circles iliaf a Km-i ia and Tin
contains i’-j Ialh wini* article, rc-pub- ki*h war is
lislied tn the Paris paper ofthc 10th. A leltei
Wr learn that our cabinet h going tr Schali
take a decided part in the affairs uf Ru*
*ta and Ihe Porte, i he Prince of Met-
ternich has addre**ed a circular rote t
all the Courts of Europe, w Rich nt tin
""f" time Ivts been communicated to Di
fferent cabinets of Genua In thi
cannotdificniblo, vir, that thhiiarau trade,! remarkable production, Aqstri.i; rctaiy-
lr' m Ode*,
rro t lias r.
vention uf the E- g’i-h
sued a formal JecLi
linst the Porte.
The cr torn . f V
Ics (hrI t' .
in a \ ii’nn i ar
irr.itding >■ i'll t
tiraltar papers'.