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i a * * Kj. / C SOUTHERN RECORDER. vol. m. MILLEDGEVILLJ8, TUESDAY, JULY 9, 1922. No. 22. PUBLISHED WEEKLY, ptY A. GR.1NTLAND if R. M. ORME, On Hancock Street, opposite the Auction Store, lT THTlF.r DOLLARS, IN AtlVANCE, OH FOVIt DOLLARS AT THE EXPIRATION OT THE YEAR. 33’ Advertisements conspicuously inserted at the customary rates. Letters on business, in ail cns«9, must be post paid. V> X AY T VLVUUT \ ~ k, t8P***«3 jy; ACT to authorize Hie building of Licht Houses therein monliuoed, and for other purpose.. Re il enacted by the Senate and I tonic of Representative of llir United States of Amen- ea in Congress assembled, That, as soon as the jurisdiction of such portions of land nt Moo'licgati Island, oti the coast of Maine ; at Billingsgate Island, in Rarnstnhln Bay ; a; (’utter Honk I land, near New Bedford, In the state of Massachusetts; at Stoning- (on Foint, in the state of Connecticut ; at Old Field Point, f, mu Island, in the slate of Nmv York ; nt Capo May, in the slate of New Jersey, at or near the Port of O eracocltc, in the slate of North Carolina, at Cape Florida, and on tire Dry Tortuga', or some plane, in tint vicinity, as the President of the United States shall select for the- sites of light-houses, shall be ceded to, and the properly thereof respectively vested in the United States, it shall he, the duty of the Se cretary of the Treasury to provide, by con tracts." widely shall he approved hy tile Pre sident, for building light-houses respectively on surli sites, to he so lighted as In he dis tinguishable from other light houses, near the same, and also, to agree for the salaries, waver, or hire, of the persons to he appoint ed hy the President, for the superintendance of the same. Sec. a. And be it further enneted, That the Secretary of the Treasury he, and he hereby is, authorized, if he shall deem it expedient, to cause to he removed the- floating light, placed at or near this said port of Ocracnckf and to have the same placed at the narrows in the Potomac river. See. 3. And be it further enacted. That the Secretary of the Treasury be, and he here- by is, authorized to provide, hy contract, for procuring and placing buoys at the following place 5 , to witnon at Hatbor Island bar, one on Pine Point shonl, one on the Point of Marsh shoals, one on Swan Island shoal, o e on tile ea't end of Brant Island shoal, one on the Middle Ground Shoal, one on the Bluff shoal, and one on the Long Shoal, all being situated on the coast of North-Caroli- n,i and, also, for three buoys for the liar of the port of Georgetown, in South Carolina. Sec. 4. And be it further enacted, That the following sums he appropriated for tile pur pose of carrying th» prov i*ions of this art in to effect, to ho paid out of any moneys- eases hy law provided—and that, foe the purpose of carrying the same into effect, there be appropriated the sum of twenty two thousand seven hundred dollars, to lie paid out of any moneys in the Treasury, not otherwise appropriated. See. 7. And be it further enacted, That the light authorized to be built on Cross Island, in the state of Maine, be, and the same is hereby, directed to be built on the south point of Libby Island, and for building and completing the same, the sum of five hun dred dollars, in addition to tile former ap proprialion, is hereby appropriated, out of any money in the Treasury, not otherwise appropriated. Sec. 8. And be it further enacted. That the following sums of money Ire, and the same are hereby, appropriated, out of any mo neys iri the Treasury, not. otherwise appro priated, for the following purposes, to wit : Four thousand dollars to enable the Secre tary of the Treasury to purchase the patrnt right of David Melville and others, to a new ly invented lamp, for lighting light house**-— and a sum not exceeding four thousand two hundred and forty dollars, for placing the same in light houses. Sec. 0. And be it further enneted, That, for making and completing a survey of the coast of Florida, under the direction of the Presi dent of the United States, a sum of money, nut exceeding six thousand dollars, be, and the same is hereby, appropriated, nut of any moneys in the Treasury, not otherwise ap propriated, for carrying tile same into ef fect. Washington, May 7. 1832.—Approved. AN ACT to establish an additional I,and Office in tile state of Illinois. Re it enacted by the Senate rend Ifovsr. of Representatives of the United States of Amer ica in Cnngrtrs assembled, That so ranch of tile public lands of the United States as lies ast of the Mississippi river, north of the line separating the tilth and Mill tiers of town ships north of the h;i°e line, and west of the third principal meridian, iit the state of Illi nois, shall form a land district, fur the dispo sal of said lands, and for which purpose, a land office shall lie established at such place therein, as the President of the U. States shall designate, until the same shall be per manently fixed hy law. Sec. ‘2. , l lud be it further enacted, That there shall he a register and receiver appoint ed to the said laud office, to superintend the sales of the public lands in the said district, lio shall reside at the place where, the. said office shall he established as aforesaid, give security in the same manner, in the same sums, and whose compensation, emolu ments, and duties, and authorities, shall, i every respect, he the same in million to the lands which shall lie disposed of at their of frees, as are, or may he. hy law provided in relations to the registers and receivers of public moneys in the several offices estab lished for the sale of tke public lands—Pro vided, That the said appointments shall not of the, long agitated question, “ from what quarter of the world did the aborigines of A- merica originally come?” I suspect Hint they may be allied lo some of the tribes of wondering Arabs. Their habits are very si milar, and those acquainted with tile lan guage of these tribes might, from the mea gre specimens I have given of the Choctaw language, be able to determine whether there lie such a similarity as w ould justify a suspi cion tliai they were of one origin. I have seen no specimens of language of I he modern Arabs which would enable me to puisne the inquiry, but many, no doubt, are in Eng l.ind.” Some days ago, we copied from the New-York papers an account of a trial of a civil case between the United States and Vice President Tompkins. Every one in this city, familiar with legal pro ceeding, was suprised at those relat ed in connection with this case. The charge of Judge Van Ness, as reported was deemed extraordinary, and extra judicial ; lie appeared in the light of a pleader for the defendant, earnestly seeking not only a general verdict in his favor, but something further from the jury that should reverse the situation of the parties to the suit, and subject tin national treasury to a heavy charge. In the Neiv-York papers of yesterday, u is said, that what fell from the judge, in relation tn the certificate in the Vice President’s favour, which was asked from the jury hy the defendant and his counsel, was misapprehended. His di rection to the jury was, that if, on a full investigation of the accounts, they should he sali-fied that the credits claimed and proved hy the defendant wero equal to, mire and keep the soil light, not only for I or greater in the aggregate, than the the present, but for the ensuing year ; s „ m demanded hy the U. Slates in this and also to avoid such frequent plough- j su j ti t |, Gn (hey should find a general ver- ings id-the summer, which is the great] ^ict for the defendant: That such a destroyer of our soil. In fact we should verdict was all that could he officially never leave our ground without some received or recorded : That any cetili- growlh upon it, either for manure or for our own use. By this plan my land and crops have become, better yearly for the last ten years. There are many reasons and alterations which are too tedious to mention, and which any reasonable man can perceive—as the different soils and seasons. It is my opinion, that instead of suffer INTERESTING TO FARMERS. It is not the most work which makes the best corn crops, (a good plan lor in dolent Farmers,) it is the substance of the land which makes a good crop. The following is the plan which I have practised for the last ten years, on a tract of land, the soil of winch is light mulatto :—I raise my ridges hy running three furrows together, (mv ridges are five feet distance)—I then plant my corn on the ridge (distance from lull to hill three feet) as fast as the plough raises them. When I find that the grass which is between the ridges begins to injure my corn, I run iny plough once on each aide of the ridge ; immediately after which I thin ray corn k cover the grass which remains on the ridge with the hoc, and at the same time plant my cow-peas on the top of the ridge between the corn hills. When I find that tho grass be gins to injure my corn a second time, 1 run my plough and use the hoe ns before. When a third growth of gra's makes its appearance I run my plough and use the hoc us just mentioned : by this time iny corn is generally in tassel. Should there be a fourth growth of grass, l run my plough through the centre twice, as deep as it is possible for one horse to draw it, in order to get dead earth to cover this last growth of grass — this bed of dead earth will prevent any kind of grass from coming up. The fol lowing year 1 raise my ridges in the centre of those on which my corn grew the year previous. The principles ol this plan arc to let the weeds grow as much as possible, in order to make ran cate they might afterwards think it just and proper to give to the defendant they could only give ns individuals, and it could form no part of the recorJ or the leg il proceedings in the cause. This rectification, which is given up on authority, alters the complexion of the affair ; hut, altogether, the course pursued on the occasion and the act of ingthe weeds to grow, small grain might t j, e j,, rV) will not tend to establish the be son n in the tall to bury in the spring,! validity of the Vice President’s claims in when 1 commence ploughing. My ex perience ns to this plan has not been sufficient for me to assert it would be profitable. 1 would be happy, were it in my pow York is wrong, is not Connecticut, fol io wing her example, equally wrong ? [A r at. lnt.] The City of Boston is, wo apprehend, in circumstances which il has never before ex perienred. The fact is openly declared in Degrand’s Boston Weekly Report, under date of one o'clock, i*. m. on Saturday last the 8lh inst., that “ Cash is in great request at 12 per rent, per annum for the very best puptr.’’ The Banks of comae are not dis counting, nr the “ very best” paper would not go a-begging. Il is easy to conceive wliat is the situation oflliose merchants who are not “ tlm very best” men in town ; that is, those who are most likely lo have occa sion lo borrow. The same paper, in auo- I her place, still later in the day, says: “ Mo ney is scarce, and people are afraid of their own shadows. Many failures, and some of i he in quite uuexpected.” Boston is now undergoing the trials winch liaie heretofore shook lo its base the credit of other cities, but from which she lias been exempt. It is to he hoped she will not suffer as much as some other cities have suffered by the operation. [.Vat. Ini.] A new way to pay old debts.—The fol lowing solution of the ingenious financial expedients adopted by the English .Min istry is given in the London Times : “ Wilh respiset now to the general state of our finances, and the increase or diminution of the national debt.— file five millions, it appears set apart under the title of a sinking fund, is to lie religiously prenerved. For argument sake, therefore, we will suppose the public debt diminished this year by that sum ; but it is acknowledged on all sides that we have really no other sinking fund than that sum, be it more or less, by which our income exceeds our ex penditure. On the one side, therefore, ,1)5,000,000 is to be considered as de ducted from our national debt, but on the other there is added to it— Money to the bobbers of 5 pr cent. £2,000,000 Borrowed for nat ional works, 1,000,000 Do for Agricultural distress in England 1,000,000 ,)n for dhtrusAes In Ireland, sum un certain, but estimated by Lord Londonderry, at another million, 1,000,000 £o,6iK),000 “The diminution, therefore, of the national debt, by the proposed sinking fund, is five millions ; and Ihe addition to that dobt is, even in this stage of our calculation, live millions six hundred h« made until a sufficient quantity of public j er> {0 0 pf er something belter to the pub- 1'iruU shall have hn'n survt* i i’il within tin* • , , . ,• ■ ■ SHid district, to authorize, in the opinion ol . . • r the President, a public sale of lauds within j teem^ which u in my _o|iraionfar pro the same. the . to wit:—Fur building the light-house at MotiliPgati Island, three thousand doll,wa nt Billingsgate Island, on Barnstable Bay, two thousand dollars—at. Cutter Hunk Is land, near New Bedford, and fur placing buoys near thereto, three thousand dollars— si Old Field Point, Long Island, two thou sand five hundred dollars—for placing a lamp on the mess-house at Fort Niagara, one thousand dollars—for fiui'diing the pier near the port of K'uinehunk, in the state ol Maine, the further sum of four thousand dollars— for completing the light-house on Throgs- neek, the additional sum of five hundred dollars—fur building a light vessel, and plac- inghlm same on or near the outer bar of the harbor of New-York, fifteen thousand dol lars—fur placing tlirre buoys on the bar, near the port of Ge.orgetowu, South Caroli na, three hundred dollars—for rebuilding and completing the light-house on Frank’s Is lam), in the slate of Louisiana, nine thousand Seven hundred and fifty dollars—l**r building the light-house at Stonington Point, three thousand five hundred dollar*—for building the light-housn at Cape May, the sum of five thousand dollars—fur building the light house at or near Ocracoeke, the. sum nl twenty thousand dollars—for building the See. 3. And be it further eneu'led, That the provisions of the 2d, ild, and 1)1,b sections of the act, entitled “ An act to designate the * * . - -.11 me oil, r.imiru n tiv-i. L*> r, Treasury, not otherwise appropriated. b , )Ululil| . ip3 „f districts, and establish land of fices fur the disposal of the public lands, not heretofore offered for sale in thv* states of Ohio and Indiana,” approved March 3d, 181!), and the act, entitled “ An act making further provision for the sale of the public lands,” approved April 21th, 18 20.be, and tlinsame are hereby, made applicable to Ihe said district and office, so far as they are nnl changed by subsequent laws of the United Slates. Washington, May 8,1822.—Approved. AN ACT requiring surveyor* general In giv* bond and security for ibo faithful disbur e ment of public money, and to limit their term nf office. Be it enacted hy the Senate and House of Represc ntalives of the. United Stales of Amer ica in Congress assembled, That from and after the passing of this act, every Surveyor General, commissioned by the authority ol the United States, shall, before entering on the duties of Ins office, and every Surveyor General now in commission, shall, on nr be fore the thirtieth day of September next, ex ecute and deliver to tile Secretary ot tb*‘ Treasury of the United States, a bond, with good and sufficient security, fur the penal ......... ... . „ I sum of thirty thousand dollars, conditioned lijrlit-linusn at Cape Florida, eight thousand | f or the faithful disbursement, according to dollars—and for building the light-house on j | riW , of all public money placed in bis bands tin* dry Turtugas, nr on some place in tile ; for disbursement, and for the faitlilul per- vicinity, ferablc to ail carthlv possessions. M. F. VERDERY. HORTICULTURE. The Berkshire Star gives the folloivingfact as a botanical curiosity ; but the expedient of slightly girdling trees in order to divert the course of tile sap, and cause the forma tion of fruit buds, we know to have been practised with great success by several gen tlemen in this town. “ An Appletree, in Capt. Lincoln’s gar den, in this town, which was girdled about the first of May, 1820, to the depth of half an inch within the bark, bore in 1821, and is now’ jn full bloom. The tree was girdled on account of its sterility, but bore that season so as to break town several limbs by tho weight of its fruit.”—.Yeu-bcrrypi.rt paper. public opinion. We would ourselves thousand pounds; making a balance in prefer that he should be found to be the favour of that good old absorber of pub lic wealth—the national debt—of the odd hundred thousand pounds. We’ll bet hnn against fifty thousand such finan ciers as Lord Londonderry and .Mr. Vansitlart, lie’ll swallow them all up by and by. creditor, instead of the debtor, of the United States. Yet, before we could be satisfied of the fact we should require another kind of investigation than that which has been hail at N. York,—and perhaps a change of the venue. [National Gazette.] ... thousand dollars—and for procuring and placing the buoys on the* cna*t of North Carolina, and for removing the iluitingliglit at or neartbe port of Ocracoeke, the sum of one thousand three hundred dul lars. Spc. 5. .d.ul be it further enacted, That the Secretary of the Treasury be, and he here by is, authorized lo provide, by contract, to be approved by the President of the United Fl ttes, for building a sea wall or pier at the Isles nf Shoals, between Cedar Island and Family nnse-Mand, on the coast of Neiv- II tmpjliire and Maine, conformably to tile wport of tlm commissioners appointed tin der the fourth section of tin* act passed the 3! day of March, 18-21, entitled “ An act to authorize the building of light-houses therein mentioned, and for other purposes,” and that a sum, not exceeding eleven thousand five hundred dollars, is hereby appropriated for the. purpose aforesaid, to be paid out ol any moneys in the Treasury, not otherwise ap propriated. Six*. 0 And be it further enacted, That the Secretary of Ihe Treasury he authorized and required to cause to lie erected in the Bay ot Piiears”near"Cape Efenlopen, by contractor contracts, to lie approved by the President of the United States, two piers, of sufficient dimensions to be a harbor or shelter for ves- Vls from tho ice, if, after a survey, made un- * r his direction, the measure shall be doem- Vxpedierit—and provided that the. juris- i.Vnn of the site, where such piers may be J fed, shall he first ceded to the United v according to the conditions in such formance of the duties of his nfiic Eet*. 2. And be it further enacted, That the commission of every Surveyor General, now in office, shall, unless sooner vacated, by death, resignation, nr removal from office, cease Si expire on tile 1 st day ol Fcb’ry next ; and the commission of every* Surveyor Ge neral, hereafter commissioned hy tho autho rity of the United States, shall cease and ex pire, unless snorier vacated, hy death, resig nation, or ix moral from office, in four years from the date of the commission. Sec. 3. And be it farther enacted, That the President of the United States shall, and lie is hereby authorized, whenever he may deem it expedient, require, any Surveyor General of the United Slates to give new bond Si ad ditional security, under the direction of III" Secretary of the Treasury, for the faithful disbursement, according to law, of all money placed in his hands for disbursement. Washington, May 7, 1822.—Approved. American Marble.—It appears thal our country is prolific in marble. 1 here are. the Pennsylvania black marble—the Stockbridge w'hite, of which the New* Pork City flail is built—Iheverd antique richly veined green—the Now-Haven, similar in appearance—the Potomac, a beautiful composition of pebbles of va rious shades, of which the columns of the capitol at Washington are made—the common veined black and white—the Cherry Valley, of a datk grey colour— the Vermont, uf u beautiful dove colour. Extract from n letti'ir of .ludge Toutman, of A- labamn, published in the (London) Monthly Magazine, for Apr,!. “ 1 enclose a specimen of the languages of my neighbors, tlie Choctaw and Chickasaw Indians. “I inadenut this list in tho Choctaw nation, about nine years ago, anti the occasion was this: 1 had, a short time before, received a letter from Judge Innis, of Frankfort, in Ken tucky, informing me, that in the year 178 1, as some Southern Indians were passing thro’ Lexington, to join the American army north of tho Ohio, no African negro was driving a wagon through the streets of Lexington, when, seeing some Indians, and hearing them converse, he suddenly stopped his wagon, and asked his master’s permission (who was riding near him,) to go and speak to the In dians. They were probably the first lie had seen in America; they conversed together with apparent ease, to tile astonishment of Mr. Parker, his master. He inquired of the negro how he could converse, with the Indians ? who told his master that he was a native of the town of Goldean, in Africa that while lie was a boy, the negroes brought in some prisoners, and detained them there a long time, in consequence nf which he learnt their language. He said that they were people of the same color, with the same kind of long black hair, and spoke the saute language tvitll the Indians then present. “ For the purpose of examining more mi nutely into (his affair, being on a journey in to Kentucky, I made a li lt of the words in- ciosed, with the assistance of an intelligent halfhreod. There is, however, grcntdilficul ty in catching the sound nf the words so dis tinctly as to he able to spell them with accu racy. No two persons would spell them like. On reaching Kentucky, I found to my mortification that the negro was dead. Mr. Parker, however, confirmed the account, and a neighbor of Ills, (Preston Brown, esq.) informed me that there were other African negroes in the neighborhood, who, though not previously acquainted wilh our Indians, could converse with them iti their own lan guage, “ These facts from an interesting field of enquiry, and seem to lead to a determination In consequence of the disagreement between the states of New-York and Connecticut respecting steam-boat inter course, and the retaliatory law recently passed hy the state of Connecticut, ex cluding the New-York Boats from the waters of Connecticut, the Steam boat now runs direct from New-York lo Providence, in the State of Rhode Is land, leaving New Haven and New Lon don out of the line. The consequence is, tliat, ns the route is now arranged, a traveller may leave New York one day, and arrive in Boston Ihe next day I The laiv-givers of Connecticut would seem to have realized, on this occasion, the fable of the boy and the goose. In search of greater benefits, they have lost tae advantages tliey already posses sed. The travel through Connecticut was ti source of some emolument to the state, which will he in a great measure lost, now she is thrown out uf the line, as is technically said. We do not mean to be understood as giving any opinion on the merits of this controversy, adverse to Connecticut. On the contrary, ive think it an inhospitable proceeding in the state of New-York, to say the least of it, to forbid steam-boats from other states from entering her waters. The time is probably not far distant when the services of that fickle agent, the wind, will be altogether dispensed with, rsgard lo the coasting trade. When that lime arrives New-York will be nn der he necessity of modifying her laws, of losing a material portion of that comnerce to which she owes her wealth and importance. Governor Wolcott, in objecting to the bill pissed by the Legislature of Con- nectirut, which became a law notwith [i'HOM THE NEW-VOHK DAILY ADVERTISER j A warm contest was carried on be tween some of the Paris journals in April, on the subject of the recognition of the Independence of the South Ame ricans, The Joxiranl des Dcbats made some very severe and even sarcastic re marks ou the note addressed to the Eu ropean governments by Mr. Zea, Envoy Extraordinary of the Republic of Co lombia, which drew forth a reply of some length from the Constitutional.— The Journal des Debats on the 25th of April, contains a second article on the subject ; which may be taken for a statement of the principles of the op- posers of t lie proposition. It is of snob a length that we shall be forced to give some paits of it in a condensed form, but shall translate full some of the most im portant passages. After a brief sketch of the history of their struggles with Spain, the Journal says : Such has been the course of the revolutions in America—a course inde pendent in a great measure uf what are called liberal ideas in Europe. The European statesman should keep this fact in mind, and never consider the Ameri cans as provinces in a state of revolt, nor as “giants sprung from a tempest,” (to use a Colombian expression,) but simbly as the scattered members of a dissolving monarchy. The special po licy of lion of the independence of his country, such a measure should not be taken without the preliminary steps of sending nn envoy to enquire into the actual state of things in the country, and cities the example of the U. Statps when the Coin* l*ress of Venezuela or Colombia, and the government uf Buenos Ayres, demand' ed a recognition in 1017. “ Why shouhi notan aucimit Monarchy have a right t(» act as much dignity as a Republic ouljf forty-six years old.” “ Quito, (lie say«) has placed it«ellf under our protection. But Panama ?-•<* But Porto Cubello ? A few fugitives* r who are said to be without force, littvt* taken refuge iu the de.serts of the Oro-* noko, where they held a sort of Congress’ nt Angostura—they can effect nothing against the mass of the population, &c. ire. There it is Ibis same Congress of Angostura, which, thanks to the talents of Mr. Bolivar, Mr. Zea and others, has become the Congress of Colombia.—* Who then will assure us that a few fugi tives may not change the face of things irx a country where it has so often beeu changed 2” In another place the writer makes the following remaiks :—'* France, as an ally and friend to Spain, ought in tho first place to avoid every thing which might accelerate the ruin of a monarchy whose happiness is not foreign to tho prosperity of France, and whose power will be so usef ul an element in I be ba» lance of states : but if the fact of tha dissolution of this monarchy is found to be consistent, inevitable, irremediable. France ought at least to seek not to ag gravate the unfortunate consequences hy an ill-timed accession to the isolated demands of a single fraction of the Span ish nation. We ought to desire that the metropolis may preserve (lie immense and precious possessions of ihe Havana. Porto Rico, the Canaries, le Plollip* pines, colones w here only tin r has beta no tendency towards separation : we ought to desirp that the interests nf the reigning dynasty should be all managed j where they still mny be ; we ought final* ly. lo favour with our preference those ofthe American provinces, which, by the preservation of the monarebial princi ple, so convenient to the civil and mor al state of the people, promise a tranquil event, and open to the monarchial go vernments of Europe the prospect of a stable union.” After these remaiks the writer de clares that if France were ever dispo.sed to favour any Spanish American power, it would not be the repubic of Colombia, hut it would be Mexico ; because Mexi co is powerful aod safe, governed bv a temperate monarchy, disposed to reject with firmness Hie decrees of the Cories against the clergy &. the aristocracy, &. to place legitimate princes on a constitu tional throne; “in one word, Mexico is nearer France than the Cortes of Ma drid. Under another point of view Mexi co ought to interest us ; there we see neither English intrigues nor American ..lots ; the national spirit appears there independent and enlightened. That em pire, wilh a good organization, might he roine in a few years a powerful counter poise in the political balance ofthe new oorid. We will not develope this sub ject any further lest we should chagrin the Cabinet at Washington.” The writer allows that it may not he politic for France always to withhold her recognation, but deed ires Ins own opin ion different from thal of those who pro pose that European nations shall make u)i their colonial losses by conquests of Spanish and Portuguese possessions, or make their recognition ofthe indepen dence of the South American states the price of some part of their territories.— “ This policy, agreeable to certion se condary powers, is not the policy of France. We ask nothing better than to exchange our superfluities for those of America.” On the subject of the tone in which _ _ _ ^ the note of the Envoy is couched, the Frenchman and a Bourbonite ! writer expresses himself thus : “ i a ought to conclude with the view of en lightened Spaniards in directing this dis- ' solution, in such a manner that the six or eight monarchies and republics spring ing from the ruins of the Spanish empire may remain bound together by federal- ties, hy wise constitution', as much as possible, by dynasties ofthe same 11 ofi, Spaniards of all parties will perceive soirieting friendly and respectful to their tending bis objections, asserts that the j nation in this view of the subject act of the state of New-York is void, and tte like act of Connecticut will of cotirst also be void, if brought to the test o’the Federal Judiciary, inasmuch as the constitution has given to Con gress the power to regulate commerce “ among the several states,” to the ex clusion of the right of the respective states to pass interdicts against each other. If reason could ever resist passion, it might have been hoped that the argu ment of Gov. Wolcott would have con clusive against the whole system ; for, as he well observes, if New-York can forbid a steam vessel belonging to the Would they remain a great and powerful nation of more than forty millions of in dividuals, masters of the richest and finest countries in the world ? or, would they be divided into feeble stales, and see other nations taking away their ter ritories one after another ? Such, Span iards of both worlds, is your alternative. Those who would force yon into the first of these situations are your friends —those who would direct you into the other are your enemies. There is no thing less insidious, nor more positive, more clear than this policy.” | The writer next proceeds to a more ay to a government that it Deed not ex amine what is its origin, but recognize, it because it exists, is language which be longs to the jacobins of ’93 and the Dey of Algiers *, but such language is excisa ble in nascent status, uncertain of the rights, uncertain of their existence, like those of meridional America ; they have not vet a single right belonging to a rer cognized nation, nor, consequently have they its usages.” The government of those states in charging their Envoy to present such ex pressions to legitimate European govern ments were ignorant, perhaps, that they were committing a real act of hostility, in insulting the principles which are con sidered as the common foundation of our civilized governments. Nothing in Eu rope, except the revolutionary faction, pretends, that every existing government ought to be recognized, or, in other words, that the/act constitutes the right. But it is not to n faction that an ambassador is sent ; it is to the legitimate govern ment—and to speak a language which a legitimate government cannot under- citizens of any other state from entering particular examination of the proposition her waters, why may she not prohibit! of Mr. Zea ; arid remarks, that in spite j stand, is to render at once all cquimuni- any other sort of vessel ? And, if New-1 of his demand of an immediate recogui* 'calicos impossible.