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HiWJTU MtttWA. tin de Yturbiile, is (ho person who is best produce titinunl'y 5 13,000,(100 in gold and tH KXICO. Yesterday uriived at this port, the •chr. Mtghhinder, Capt. Gibson, from ttie poil ol Alvarado, Iiom which place *ho'.nil'll on the 2Cth May, mid brings official intelligence frotn the city ofMexi- co. In the 2;ath of the same month—On which day the Mexican congress assem bled in that ciiv ivnil declared Dun .lu- guitine Vlurbidt, thief of that govern ment z-it.h the title of Emperor. H e have received a copy of the Proclama tion issued on the occasion, published at Mexico. It appears hy the advises through this Channel'that on the recept of the intel ligence from Spain, hy the governor ol the castle of St. Joan d'Ulloa at Vera Cruz, that the treaty entered into by the viceroy O’Donohu with general V tur- hide at Cordova, having been declared null and void, that the congress of Mexi co resolved that every prospect of ami cable commodation being at ail end, de termined to proclaim total separation and independence of Spain, anil the extinc tion of every title to allegiance to the royal authority of Spain, and to select a chief of their own country, and Yturbide was nominated. The royal general Davilla, at St. Juan d'Ulloa, hint, prior to this act, declared war against the independents, and had issued orders to all the Europeans, par- ticulailv' the troops that had capitulated, to lake up arms in support of the royal authority. In several of the provinces these orders were obe\ed, and some partial insurrections fallowed; hut in every instance the independents triump- Cil. it gei end tranquility was established. Colonel Headhunt, in the service of M exico, "ho is the hearer of despatches, brings official information, that a minis ter would shortly leave Mexico for the IJ. Slates, and in case of any delay, that colouel Cortes, now in this city, would be invested with full powers. Information of the President’s message to congress recommending tho acknwl- edgement of the independence ofSpanish America, had been received in Mexico on the frt of May by col. Bradburn, who carried important dispatches from col. Cories. The news was received with extraordinary rejoicings, illuminations, and salvos of artillery were ordered throughout the citadels and cities of Mexico. By these advices we learn that bishop Mier who had been seized and confined in St. Juan d'Ulloa had been released, llis case was made a subject of deep in terest in congress, anil the royal general Tva- notified that twelve Spanish officers of rank, should be subjected to the like treatment as he should suffer ; and the officers were sent apart hy lot and their names communicated. The venerable bishop was thereupon released and re stored to his country—he was at Alvara do when the ship sailed. Gen. Wilkinson was at the city of Mexico and in good health—he is entire ly silent on politics ; having business which requires abstraction wholly from such affairs. We have an official im pression of the congress as it is distiibu- ted into committees, which we shall pub- li l>- As we have no other details than what have been thus received through the papers, we can offer no remarks, having do other data. We shall endeavor to give extracts from lire hies we have re ceived.—.lurora. Our manuscript and printed advices from Mexico are voluminous. We have copies of all the official transactions ol the government for several raonilw. A variety of publications papeto volan- tes, among w hich are found tbe following: 1. “ 'l’lie triumph of the writers for the freedom of the press.” £. Letters of a Mexican to the author of a production under the title—What is that which you call the liberty of the press ? 3. Observations on a proclamation pub lished in the Genius of Liberty, on the republic ofGuntimala, &c. PROCLAMATION. Mnnurl Rincon, colonel of the imperial Army governor, political chief, and commandant peneml of tbe place it province of Vern Cruz. The supreme regency of the empire, bv an act of extreme urgency, issued in the capitul city of Mexico, on tbe Cist of the present mouth of May, the follow ing public ad which they had prepared for the occasion. The regency of (he empire, invested intermediately with the functions of ox ecutivo power during the vacancy ol an emperor, to till those to whom these pre tents shall come health. The sovereign constituent congress of Mexico, has decreed as follows : DECREE. Xn the palace of Mexico, the 19th day of May, ti,22, sec aid year of Independence The sovereign continent congress of Mexico, assembled in an extraordinary session, called upon hy the occurrence of the preceding night, and called upon this day by the generalissimo and high admiral, to consider various documents recorded in the transactions of the day, nbhorrarit to the wishes of the people ; conforming with the general wishes < f congress, ti the nation, having taken into consideration that, the Cortes of Spain, hy a decree inserted in the Gazette of Mad rid of the 13’h fs Nth of February last have declared null & void the treaty of Cordova ; &. that therefore the case pro vided for ceases to he obligatory on (lie Mexican nation ; by the thir l article ofthe said treaty, the authority recurs to the sovereign congress, constitutent of this .empire ; to nominate a person ns emperor «nd to exclude all others from thence forth ; anil after due consideration they Ifave declared that the Senior D. .flugus- milled to that office, upon the basis ol the plan iirrtclaimed at Iguala and accept ed hy the body of the nation, and to ilver, being half the amount nf tbe w bole produce of tin* precious metals from all tbe mines in tbe world. Its importation! xcet'ds twenty millions of dollars its exportation which they have taken Ihe oaths in ^ ue | in nuriculUnol, manufacturing, and mini-nil YANKS, j I.M IN, K C\b\ UCRAS, > form, congress on the day of the 21st current. The regency in ils wisdom, directs that it he communicated to till the au thorities of the empire, that it lie printed, published, ami circulated, that with this act ceases the functions with which the regency was invested. Done in Mexico, 21st May, 1822, second year of Independence. FRANCISCO GARCIA CANT ARISES, l’rc«ident. FRANCISCO MARIA LOMBARDO, Deputy and Secretary. JOSF, IGNACIO GUITKIUtKZ, Deputy and Secretary. By the Regency of the Umpire. i hen-lore it is commanded, that all the tribunals, judges, chiefs, governors, and all oilier authorities, as well civil and military as ecclesiastical, ol i*halever class nr station, to respect and cause to lie respected, to fulfil and execute the present decree in all its parts. 1 aking special care that it lie printed and circu lated throughout the nation. [Signed | JOSE ISIDRO YANKS, MIGUEL VA 1,1 i.f. CONDI'. DK C AS A I1ERAS, ) Regents NICOLVS lilt A VO, j A. U JOSE DK IIF.RKKRA, J I Therefore order Unit tbe b-qqiy and memorable events lie fouithwitli made public in the. most solemn manner in this place and throughout this province, so that tho generous emotions of patriotism may be unconstrained on an occasion which accomplishes so gloriously the li berty and independence of this heroic American nation, under the happy aus pices ofthe hero of Igtiala, Senor I) Augustin de Yturbide, the actual pmper or of Mexico ; expecting that this meri torious people will testify their felicity by illuminations, K.r. Given ai Vera Cruz, 25: h May, 1822. (Signed) MANUEL RINCON, lty order, Jose Gcisicnks. There are also two decrees recognis ing the Colombian republic. FROM PERiFaN'D CHILI. New-Yonjc, June 21. Captain Reynolds, of the ship Fame, who left Coquimbo on the 21»t nt Ft b- ruarv, informs that tho Spanish army, under the vice king Li Serna, was still encamped about 30 leagues from Lima. The Spanish squadron, under Admiral Blanco, ivhicli had sailed on an expedi tion against Arica. had been oidered hack to Callao. San Martin had resign ed the Protectorship, and the Marquis Torre Tagle, Truxillo, was appointed in his stead, under the title of “ Supreme Director of Peru.” The new govern ment issued 200,000 dollars paper mo ney, obliging every citizen to take it at its represented value. Dollars were getting very scarce, and premium con stantly rising. On the passage the Fame spoke a Bri tish vessel, which left Valparaiso sub sequent to the above date, and learnt that the Constellation had arrived there, and would sail for Philadelphia about the middle of April. FROM VERA. CRUZ, Baltimore, June 21. We received yestered a long letter, dated May 1st, 1822, from our attentive corres pondent at Perti Cruz, together with a file of papers from that place. Our correspon dent remarks, that ttin castle which com mands the town is ill possession ofthe H.oy- dists, in which a:e most of the remaining Don9 of wealth, waiting for opportunities of conveyance for themselves and their mo ney to Spain. The Fort is weak at this time, not having more than 250 soldiers in There is a constant communication be tween the fort and tile town ; in fact it is hardly possible to say who is Royal or who is Impertial in the city, as they both pass and repass in every direction, regardless of each other. It is slated that there are five or six thousand imperial troops in the city hut the fact is, there are not as many hundred, unless yon include every Indian and negro in the place. The governor of the city conducts his af fairs at his palace in a masterly style—all his tinsiness is conducted systematically.— The castle assum-is the right of boarding all vessels entering toe port, to the total exclu sion of Ihe Imperialists; all properly pays duty when landed, except that which may he wanted for the fort. The fort claims very heavy tonnage duty. A deep laid plan ofthe Governor's to retake the city and country around, failed a few days ago, with a severe loss on his part- A caravan ha this day ai m ed from Mexico with about two millions of dollars, all of which belong to persons destined to Spain, it being a pri vilege granted by the Imperialists to all who are. disputed to leave the country. It was reported here that General Wil kinson had died between this and Mexico, and had been buried with military honors; but the report arose from the death of Ge neral Long, w ho was killed at the door ol Congress, in Mexico, hy a sentinel, who run him through the body as he attempted to pass him in a forcible manner. The U. States’ hi tg Enterprise, capt. Kearney, is here. 1 have no further news.” In addition to the above, we learn that a letter has lieen received in this city, from General Wilkinson himself, slating that lie was well, and in an employment lor which hi received a salary at ihe rate of 15,000 dollars per annum,—Federal Gaz. MEXICO. Few nf our citizens have a sufficiently comprehensive idea of the importance of a country which is now erected into an Em pire, and of which Augustine Yturbide was declared Emperor by a decree of the Mexi can Congress ol llle'25lli May. That excel lent London Journal “ Hell’s Weekly Mes senger, has'a series of Nos. on the “opening of S. America some of which arc devoted to Mexico, We seize a few of the fact- which it presents, and groupe them together for our readers. The Messenger represents the territory of Mexico as greater than that ofthe Russian Empire in Asia, or the whole extent of the United States of America— its population to he equal to that of Great Britain before the Peace of Amiens—its re venue exceeding $ 20,000,000. Its mines produce, sixteen millions—“ about half tin total export and import of Great Biitain.”— Mexico, the tin ti i*| olis of this lai ge empire, is described as superior to any city in tho world, with tbe exceptions of St. Petersburg and London, for the regularity uml lircadtli of ils sire* Is, Ihe grandeur of its public plac- , ils neatness, freshness and activity. The houses ate. almost all built of stone, adorned with pillars of porphyry. The great square (Plan Manor) is pi euliarly magnificent—e- qual in size to Russell’s square in London, superior to any in Paris, is Mirroiindcil on all sides hy an open piazza, supported oil pillars nf porphyry, beautifully worked and delicately proportioned. It is adorned by some noble niommnnts of tbe genius ofthe people—an University, Public Library, an Academy of Sciences and Fine arts, the mint, military and naval asylums, Sic. Sir. A spacious and fertile region like this, which lias sustained such pro«pciity even under the withering touch of Spanish mis rule, must st:ut into gigantic existence under the auspices of an independent government, administered upon wise principles. All the ties between Mexico and Spain tire now dissolved—and Yturbide is formally de clared tho Emperor. Certainly tbe most difficult of all problems is to ascertain the degree of liberty for which a nation is quail tied—which has just shak* n off the fitters of bondage. Is Mexico, with her established hierarchy, ami the comparatively small num ber of landed proprietaries, the richest in the world capable of enjoying a constitution as free as that of the l). States ? H’e should certainly hesitate before vve laid down such a proposition—anil yet wo are disposed lu support the professions of a man, who would wear the title of Emperor, and yet pretends to take Washington for his example. Tho whole conduct of Yturbide indeed is under a cloud. Lithe long account of the Revo lution which Mr. Wilcoclis presented last winter to Mr. Adams, and published with the official papers, there was room to doubt of the sincetily of his views, llis recent e- lection creates a deeper doubt. Bonaparte himself, when he took the first step to pow er, did not part with all his professions for the liberty of France. The Mexican may he playing the same game—and an imparti al amid will hold him to tile proof—But they will abide, hy his acts, not by his honied professions. They will ask, whether the a- (loption of the imperial title is the best means hy which Yturbide means to prepare bis people for a free constitution ? whether the Mexicans, with all tin ir habits of blin dage, ami all their landed and clerical aristo cracy, were not capable of having a Presi dent as their Chief Magistrate, like the Re public of Colombia? whether if this man were t he apostle of Liberty and the Votary of Washington, lie lias shown bis attachment by assuming a title which the new world ought to abhor—and by setting an example, which tbe aspiring chit ftans of the Southern Provinces may be disposed to imitate ?— Why may not San Martin attempt to play the same game as Yturbide lias done ? Meanwhile, the influence of our free con stitution mnst he felt in Mexico. Every where indeed, it must lie more or less felt.— This example of prosperity which a people enjoys under a free constitution cannot be entirely thrown away even upon tile Austri an nr the Russian. It must lie felt with greater force among our nviglibois. Let their press be free, and Mexico must catch much of our inspiration. Even in Mexico, already there is much division of sentiment upon the establishment ofthe monarchy.— The National G izetle has received a file of Ihe Mexican papers styled The Sun—w hich, it says, is full of discussion about the forms nf government—some parts of the army hava manifested a predilection for a Repub lic—the cavalry regiment, No. 11, had made known to the Congress that the suffrage of its officers was not for the “ tempered mo narchy sanctioned by the assembly,” but for file republican form, ik.c. One of the essay ists in tbe Sun says, however, that “ as in the human frame a sudden transition from one extreme to another is impossible or dan gerous, so has it always been remarked to be the rase with bodies politic. The men tal employment and social virtues necessary for federative republican government, unfor tunately do nut, as yet, exist in the mass of the people.” The Aurora makes some just reflections on this event, though w e arc disposed to fear it betrays t<'o strong a confidence in the pro- fressions ofthe man: with this single cave at, we submit the following extracts from the last Aurora: the biographical traits nf the Emperor are at this time peculiarly apro pos : “ It would lie the extreme nf disingrnuity to forbear expressing on such an cjccasion the opinion, that the creation of an imperial government in Mexico, is an occurrence that calls for the most serious attention ofthe U. States ; and vve shall he very explicit in what vve have to say on this mihject, because we know it will come under the eye of the emi nent character who is most conspicuous in the event. Them may not lie that danger from the imperial regime, under the present occupant of that station—nor is it in feet that the form in Meriro corresponds with tbe forms of the same denomination in Europe. Tile title of emperor in Mexico is obnoxious from the idea of absolute despotism, with which it is associated in Europe and Asiatic idiom. In Mexico so far it is no more in fact than the title of President—and being associated with an elective representative le gislation, will he in fact, only a mixt monar chy or an extended aristocracy with a chief. It is the issue that is to he apprehend'd— tint present chief Augustin Yturbide, so lati as the 8th nf May last, made the u.isought declaration, which he had :>o often untie lie- fore, that he had determined deliberately and irrevocably to follow the great rxample of the illustrious Washington—and Then or der and constitutional government should he restored, to retire to his estate, iothe cha racter of an untitled private citizen “ Ho far then the danger is in mme de gree removed of ail empire placed between the republics of the north and south of '.fie new win Id—lint who can foresee flic cha racter, or anticipate the disposition of a fu ture successor ? We think it fit to slate these sentiments, and tq say that, in nor o- pioion, the only rot'fhs of government adapt ed fo the new world, aro constitutional, o'- quid, and representative, and divested nf ti- tlesthat carry odium from the analogy which they bear to Ike despotisms of Europe and Asia. “ Augustin Yturbide, was horn at Val ladolid, in Mexico, about the year 17U0, fur vve find him in 1810 a lieutenant in the army, llis father, who still lives in his 8 Itli at y»l- 'adoliO, was Joseph Joachim Ylarbide, a na tive of Biscay in Spain, who pasted from Europe In I7C3, nt the ?gr nf 23 years to Mexico, and man led a creole lady of consi derable follune in tlmt city, of w bom Au gustin is tile offspring—and who was edueut - eil at tile collegiate seminary of llis native ity. lie attended with his lather to the inployiiieuts of an agricultural life, by winch his constitution was framed to hardi ness, and bis babits were, formed to military xereisesin the militia of bis province, com posed principally of cavalry—from a pen with which tbe American people are faini liar, w e have obtained some of the chief traits of this character of the generalisimo of Mex ico. “ Me. was a lieutenant in 1810—but there was so much disorder anil such want of sys tem in tile revolutionary corps, that lie deemed it useless to commit himselt under sili'li a slate of disorganization. He left llis native province for the. capital of Mexico— but llis history in tin* interval between this period and when vve find him at the head ol of a division ntul attacked by Morelos, at tile village of Alaruhatin, wc have not means to ascertain. Tbe defence which lie made on that occasion w itli a handful of troops, vci y much distinguished him, made hi n known to the government, led him to the. rank nt colonel, and he ivas henceforward usually in the command ufa brigade, from the opi nion that had been conceived of Ins inlripi dity and enterprize. The talents which lie Ind displayed, and Ihe confidence lie had obtained, excited jealousies, and subjected him to I he influ ence of I vise intriguers, of inferior qualifica tions, such as are found in all armies in all counliies, for every where the man who possesses more than ordinary facilities or virtues, must always calculate upon til ing fenml anil hated ; he was deprived of the command of lluhia ; the injustice was en ■lured without complaint; he repaired to the neighbour'hood ofthe capital ami necu pied himself on a handsome plantation ; where his character was too much di-lin gtiished to be long obscure. From his farm he w as invited to lake command of an army destined for Ihe south, hy which ive under stand, that force which he inuarrhcd to Ac apulco in 181!)—20—The minute circum stances of llis understanding with Ihe then Viceroy Apodara, are not so well ascertain ed, as authorise any specifications; lint on this march it appears that he matured tho plans, which he iiad long conceived, for the total emancipation and independence of Mexico—which produced the memnraltl plan of Iguala, of which equality of tights for all persons, Indians, Mulattos, and N glares, as well a* whites, is the main eliarae- leristical feature; and upon this enmpre Itensive plan which united all interests, and promised protection to ail, to the soldiery promotion, to the priests their authorit; over souls, the titled their titles, to the mer rliant bounties, to the planters commerce, and to the various classes of laborers, liber ty ; all were consulted, named anil respect* ed, and ai! interests w ere reconciled.” The Aurora furnishes a list of the l!)t meuihers of the Congress of Mexico ; Frau risen Garcia Caiitarincs, President; end tin roll of the 21 committees, into which they have hern ilistnb led ; viz. The rommi'-l on the constitution—on the Executive—i the address to Ihe Motion—on the interior regulations of Congress—on exttrior rein lions—on the publication of laws—on peti lions—ori tile coinage—on military affairs— on infractions of the constitution—on ap pointin' ills—on colonization—on ecclesias tical affairs—on the general administration —on legislation—on III v freedom ofthe press —on agriculture and internal industry—in jurisprudence—on the finances—on public re wards—mi public instruction—on the mines —mi commerce—and on police. mitt of transporting the fame distance by frafF* to * cnnffidal* r "“' 0 ir | lection, and prior to the opinion utile nation being asceitnined, us well ,- me established claims of the individual | u r this high trust. \H\.\\ViftTYe. H asuingtun, June 13. SPANISH CLAIMS. The Board of Commissioners, on Sa turday, at tlie motion ofone ofthe Coun sel, appointed Monday, (lie 24lh inst. finally to determine the question as to the reception of claims arising from breach of contract with our citizens by the gov ernment of Spain. It will be re membered, that the Commissioners, a little befoie the close of their last ses sion, addressed a letter to the Secretary of State, (lie object of which was to as certain the intention ofthe high contract ing parties, with regard to these par ticular claims. The reply of Mr. Adatns reduced the Commissioners to the un pleasant alternative of violating the good faith ofthe United Stales, or of deciding contrary to their own construction ofthe treaty : they did not of course, hesitate to sacrifice their own opinions, and ac cordingly intimated to those concerned, that their only re.ason for delaying to enter these claims on their docket, as received, was the promise which they had given to hear Ihe arguments of the adverse. Under such circumstances, however, it appears to us that all argu ment would he superfluous. \Ye understand that the Board also made known on Saturday the general course of proceeding which they had adopted for the present session. They will go on with the examination of all the original and supplemental memorials filed in pursuance of their last older, and then proceed to set down for exami nation according to the rule of the Board, the claims which have been six months received. It is important, there fore, that claimants should be ready with their documents, as ive learn that no ad ditional proof will be admitted after a claim is once set down /or examination, unless the most satisfactory reasons arc assigned for the delay.—Mat. Int. I The Board of Commissioners on Claims under the Spanish Trenlv. determined to receive the claying founded on Contract. A ntul very luminous opinion er* inis point was yesterday de livered by Judge White.—lb. INTERNAL IMPROVEMENTS. The subsequent article from the last N. Y. Daily Advertiser, evinces in the trongest manner the fine spirit in which Facts of this description speak for themselves. This cheapness of convey ance substantially moves the fertile le gion of tbe western pari of N. V. almost ten times nearer to the se,i board and market than nature has glared it Thou sands of emigrants will thick thither ; and N. York will advance with aston ishing rapidity to numbers and wealth. No one can contenq late this grand en terprise of connecting Hie Atlantic with She Lakes, the spirit which undertook it, or the consequences which it will pro duce, without tlie deepest admiration. Meantime, what is Virginia doing ? Is lie prosecuting her internal improve ments vvitli energy I Are those im provements projected or conducted with discretion ? Civil engineering is one of those services, w hich are most peculiar ly important to a young ami rising coun try—and it is precisely one of those, wiiicli it is must difficult to acquire. We drop tlie subject from a deep sense of our own incoinpetency. We do not envv N. York for her spirit fortunate would it he for us, if wc could imitate it :—Rich. Enquirer. (ill V.\D CANAL. We are informed tty a geutiemnn wtio lias just returned from a visit to Buffalo nod Nia gara Fulls, that lie travelled RiO miles in tbe new convenient imssHce boats on tlie Erie Ca- n.iI : viz. from Little Kails to tltica 22 miles I(itea to Montezuma, by Koine, 3y • rac.n-e, and Weed's Basin, Off Crossing from Montezuma over the Sene* a Reiver and tlie Cayuga Mar shes, fi miles, and iqi the river Clyde it 1-2 miles to Block-house—he a- gain takos the canal ami passing the flourishing villa :es nf Lyons and I’cl- uiyra to Hartwell's Basin, 42 hill miles. O.a this route are already seen pa-sage boats, with good accommoila ions, and hundreds of other boats ti ansportiug immense quantities of produce to Utica; a.id such is tlie 'lock in liiis sla'e, that there are now 100,000 barrel.* of flour alone on the lank-ofthe canal, Itial cannot t»o transported for want ol bout.-— many of which arc now building that cost frotn ,j(IOO to £400 each, and carry from l - >0 to 400 barrels.— I'lipse boats nave taken freight from Montezuma to Utica, a distance of near ly 100 mile-, at lire cxtrrnety low rate of 5 cents per cut. or one dollar per Ion, which is about one tenth the former rule of transporting the same Hiitaure by u-agons; in this case, tlie owners of goods paid the tolls, which however arc very trifling. Kin* passage boats arc drawn try thee hor-es tandem rigged; the other boat-bv one or two horses, according to ihe size of the boat—a boy rides the rear horse, and travels from iIii'it to four miles per hour Passengers li liv ing Utica at 8 o’clock, reach Weed s Basin, 87 tinles, 111" next in on line at seven o'clock tra veiing all night. Tbe charge is only 4 cents ed' mile, which includes In.t.rd amt lodging, both of which arc as good, if not liettc, than the taverns on tlie road. This is ns rapid as tlie lages travel, im ch le-- expensive, iio ri-k nt life or limb, and uo fatigue or dust ultcnd- iug. I'hcGrand Canal is nearly finished from Sche nectady to Little Fall , lid mile*—from Mon tezuma to Clyde, or Block house, td miles; and 11oin Hartwell's Basin to Geue-cc River, and from till!nen to l.ockport, 7l* mites—alt of which it is said, Will tie filled, mid boats at lowed to pass, ori or before the first day of Oc tober next; making 260 or 270 mile-, through one of tlie i iche-t and most valuabln parts of the stale of New Y -rk. Numerous emigrants bom tlie hardy and industrious nothern and cu-teru hive are to tie seen transporting them- selves and their families, at little or no ex pense, to settle on the lands bordering on llie Canal. Merchants residing in Pitt-burg, Cincinnati!, Lexington and Luisville, and in Michigan and Indiana,ffi-ill soon get their goo is transported Jor 1-4 the jrr.ee they now pay, ti save as much or more in the breakage uud damage now mm Voidable in wagons, besides the saving of half or two thirds in time; which, in fact, is ex tending tlux credit on their goods. Emigrants and their families must prefer the canal to any other route on every account—ex pense, time, health and comfort, t^c. Tlie amount nf loll aire d/ received at the office in Uticuthis spring exceeds tlie sum paid the whole of last year, and it is supposed it will amount to ol) or 6(J,(.HJO dollar-. [«V. V. V ,‘ldv ] PENNSYLVANIA POLITICS. Extract of a letter from Philadelphia. The nearer we approach to tlie presi dential election, and the * lection of u Governor, the more pressing ts the cry nf union among republicans. The conciliatory and temporising political policy of President Monroe, has been closely imitated by Governor I leister The example of preferring our oppo nents to our friends has also linen broad ly set hy your Governor Clinton ; and thus have we had the prospect of the general administration, and tlie two first states in tlie Union, becoming tlie S'.le political property of the federalists, bv tLis dangerous and most impolitic course. \our stale has saved us, and probable the party throughout the Union. You have, in the choice ofa plain and honest republican candidate as Governor, and your other high oflices in the state, given a proof of what perseverance will effect when governed by principle. W e have two or three candidates talk ed of for Governor. The western parts I fore it was at ail of the state and the strangest democratic, tween twenty aqd thirty stort speak of Mr. Lowrie, of tlie United I lings, besides lninher and e Prudence dictates that Pennsylvania, on this great point, should go with New- York ; nntl the political regeneration i f both stales fhould be marked by a con cert in action, which may have a happy effect throughout the Union. Nothing will tend more to strengthen this bond, this unity of sentiment, than for both to stand uncommitted In any candidate; and, when the time arrives to act, then give Ihe suffrages of both states to a man of most experience, worth and democratic principles.—Af, K. Mat. -Ids. Legislature of Mew-Hampshire.—Ot> Friday last Gov. Bell transmitted a Mes sage to both houses of (lie Legislature-, lie touches upon the three branches of industry, Agriculture, Manufactures and Commerce, and speaks of their progres sive state of advancement. ’I lie State Prison then engages Ids attention and be thinks tlie facts in New-Hampshire in regard to its operations, prove tbe Peni tentiary system to possess advantages over preceding modes of putiishnu nt.—• The grea'est numbers of convicts ul a- ny one time has been 71, tbe present number is L8. The whole cxpence of the establishment including the salary of the Warden, alter deducting the profit* derived from the labour of tho convicts has been as follows : for tbe year tolf.i, $862 72—the year 1620. $3i.O 15— tl.a year 1621, $232 89. The annual ex- pence of furnishing food and clothing to each convict was for tile year 1319, lo—for 1620. $34—for" 1821, $23 20 rents. He sin.II close an interesting series of facts connected with this iurt;- ution with (lie following extract: “ file maxim, that tlie certainty nf punishment i' more efficacious in tin- prevention of crimes than its severity, has commanded the assent and belief < f tlie executive. Tho power of remitting the punishment of convicts w itli w hich it i- invested, has therefore been very’ sparingly exercised. Within the last ;; veins, only live convicts have, n c uej a remission of any pait of their punish ment. Three ol these labored under diseases belivrd (o be incurable, bv the physician of the prison, one was alfcct- ed hy mental derangement, and tlie te- maining individual had conducted in an unexceptionable manner, during his re sidence in prison, and was pardoned at the intercession of his aged father and ua helpless family.”—Ros. Guz. We continue in to-dav’s p :, ppr, mir extracts of foreign intelligence received at New-York, by the arrival ofthe ship l’anthea, from Liverpool. The ac counts from Ireland are of a most afflict ing and heart rending nature. On re ferring to lfie details, it will bo "seen that whole districts of that unhappy country are visited by (he dreadful scourges of famine and disease, and th. t thousands of human beings are depend ent for their existence on mere chance,, or Ihe precarious charity of the affluent,. In the American of Tuesday last, a wri ter, w hose mi lives are alike honorable to llis native as to his adopted land, pro posed that some immediate measures should be taken to relieve, to the extent 1 that circumstances would admit, the dis tresses ofthe starving people of Ireland.. So far as our knowledge exiends, this praiseworthy proposal has mot the sane- tion and warm approbation of manv, wbo have expressed a cheerful willing* ness to aid in so god-like a charily. Al though no public meeting has y et been called nor plan adopted for tLis excellent purpose, we kuow sufficient to feel conv vinced that the cause is not to I « sittii*- buted to want of sympathy or inclination on the part of our fellow-citizens, Evtv ry man, whether Irishman’, the prs- CENDANT of an Irishman, or net, that w 9. have yet conversed with 011 the subject, approves tbe proposal, is “ ziilling r» give"—and will step forward lo aid in tho “good work” it a call is made t» that client. He hope, therefore, tli® call of a meeting will not be delayed—t we-only wait for the sanction of a res pectable name to make such a cal!—ivin « we feel assured that tlie example of Bal timore will be followed bv a stm.bir movement in many other parts ofthe LV luted Stales.—Baltimore American. GREAT FIP.E A V BALTIMORE P I he largest hire which everocr.uncf in Baltimore, A; the most destructive i f property, took | i.tce on Sunday after noon la-t. It bruin* out at 4 o'clock, in Ihe lumber-yard ofKirhy and Chi'h, in the rear of M. F.lderry's wharf, a „j, p ( ijt topped, consumed be-* stores and d-v* l J oods. i be' States’ Senate, au undeviating republi- lumber alone which was burnt is estimi-* can ; the lower pari mention Mr. BrjanUtd d,1 bundled thousand dollar? nndth* the present Auditor, a highly rejects- ( K'kle loss at several hundred thon-a-T b!e republican, ihe f eU eralists, tv |, c I dollars. The fire is said to hayc hern ui ^ u,,) in fnree Rod UIk of John occasioned hy a negro hoy living; i IT • 'rm'ant, Henr” Baldwin, or some 0-1 toy cannon in a house used for (he i!rc 5 . sing of shingles. We regret to add, (says the ChronV tlier* ; and there are some ofthe Jeffer son school who are of opinion that Al bert Gallatin, who is about returning to the state, would receive, a general sup port and give a high & useful characted to I’ennsyvania. There would be no serious opposition to Mr. G dlatin ; & it may be questioned whether it is not time to place an old democrat of great aud enlarged VitiWH lit t)lO lion«l oC «■**•*» eltil a The attempt which you may have •ecu made of pledging Pennsylvania in the Grand Canal of New York has been ) favour of Mr. Calhoun as President, will pursued. By the first of October next. 260 nr 270 miles of tbe Canal will be completed ; and it is already ascertain ed by an experiment on that portion of it wliirh is now in use, the cost of trans portation h ab*ut mxo tenth tho former cle.) that some lives were lost, and sex' vcral persons severely injured. The fire were not checked before o’clock, owing the high wind and tbe combustible nature oi the articles tn anj about (he stores. I f „ ,« private histories of unfortunate fatnilits, we shall find most of their calamities to hare proceeded from neglect of the nvc/ entirely fail ; not but what Mr. Calhoun j ful duties of snhtiety, economy, and a har many friends, and has great merit ; tentioh to domestic concerns, wh* but it is derogatory to the character of a| though they shine not in the eye nf e great state, and fatal to its political j world, nay, are often subjected to r’’ streng'h and policy, to be thus surren-1 Icquy, are yet tho guardians of dering its power aud pledging its suf- i olhoctot, oad ofHideptAltJeuc^