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tvr present oii r r< tders tath the Oration tie* liverrd 6j />- Jon* Gorman, in this place, an t/ie 4t/» t'iiR<. politely furnished for pub. Haitian, at the request of the committee. ORATION. Mr Friends1 m< d not remind you of the occasion, which lias assembled us :— Ton are deeply penetrated with the ideas connected with if. I set its sentiments de- picted in your oo mtenances. Wrapped in a jluw of generous enthusiasm, I bohold you »trendy transported, in imagination, to the moment which was destined to operate a flew era in I tie history of our species;—to that well memoried moment, when the. Gr;- !»IC» of Liberty and our country, bearing with indignation the new impositions, daily Jjeaped upou her, insulted and oppressed, threw off the fetters of bondage, which she had been forced to wear in the days of her childhood ; when she received, tor the fust time, those loud acclamations ut her votaries, kneeling at her altars, which are reiterated by us, at this day, with a kindred devotion, and which will be homo along with the de solating (light of years, on the sweetest breath of I’oejy and Eloquence. Than the Independence of America, what greater theme of the same nature, ever en gaged the attention of mail ? Whatever presented his contemplation with such a grand spectacle of wonder, or held up such an interesting prospect to futurity ?—A coun try almost unbounded in extent; separated from the rest of the world by the sea j co vered by a fine soil and a pure air ; cooled Rnd refreshed by a million of streams, wind ing and flowing in every direction; posses sed by a few families, assembled from all nations of the earth, tinctured with the east of their various institutions and governments, fvlio, ere the third generation is born, are exquisitely assimilated into one in soul and sentiment, and are free by iheiruwn exerti ons. What spirit hovered nver this chaos,—thi« (nixed mass nf discord sot feeling and sym pathy,—that blended them orderly together, nnd mused them to flow in one mighty cur rent ?—In a word, that raised a new moral and political world, out of the heterngenious ruins of a former, where Religion, with con science unfettered, builds her temples, and worships in her own way ; and natural Li berty, once so beloved by the Greeks, hut now long banished the soriety ot man, erects her emerald throne, and bids the oppressed of all nations approach and enjoy her peace ful reign. We shall "non see that this spirit is no n- thcr than physical causes, operating under (he guidance of a gracious Providence. Who, one hundred years ago, who IJsay, could have anticipated such a phenomenon; who, had it. heen declared, would there then have hern to believe it? We naay answer none. It was something quite out of the ordinary course of things, opnn which men could not Calculate ; fit had it been proposed, even in theory, would it not have been received by ttie wisest men, as the merest fiction ? Neverthe less, it isja reality ! we are free! we are our selves ! What then ? When our nation was on infant, was she a giantess in strength and power; a sage, in wisdom and prudence; and did she accomplish at this tender period of her existence, what other nations have been unable to do at the maturest age ? But our liberty and independence, inaio sense of the word, are miraculous : we must seek for the causes in the circumstances pe culiar to ourselves, whether they lie in the moral or physical world. Wc know, My Friends, we are the crea ture of circumstance—that we act from the inspiration of the moment ;—think it not then presuming too much upon a hvivniba sis, sin>uid vou be told, that it is the air you breathe; the earth upon which you walk ; tile prospects that surround you ; the gran deur and magnificence of nature in the new world, that inspired your Fathers with the moral elements of the revolution,—that made them feel they must be free ;—that made them scorn the fetters of slavery ;—and that the same causes, which gave birth to these feelings, gave birth, at the same lime, to he roism and a martial spirit, the means, by which the ends were to be accomplished. How then could they be but free, when nature oracled it to them in every object ; when they had it impressed every moment, upon every sense ! Or can a man act contra ry to the physical laws of his constitution;— can he seethe sun at midnight, or cease to pursue that wliich most delights him ? I propose for your entertainment, at this moment, some eonside.rations of those caus es, or rather, moral elements, which predis posed to the revolution, and which will for ever tend to consecrate this country to liber ty, under the influence, which climate and country exert upon tho character and go vernment of a people, as has been observed from time immemorial. But it cannot he expected I am to enter into any thing like minute investigation, as the subject is better fitted for a volume, than an oration. But, that I may introduce the discussion of my subject, under more favorable circumstan ces, I ling first to he indulged a moment, while I point out the peculiarities of our his tory, and in what respects it stands alone and distinct from all others. First then, the origin of the history of most fill lilt nations of antiquity, was fabulous,— Originated in the creativeness of the imagi nations of their Poets ; Ours is real, a mat ter of f.irt, within the memory of man.— Their first hcrors were of divine extract, and .commonly, in the first place, proved them selves to he possessed of more than mortal virtue, and worthy to sway the sccplfeovei the rest of mankind, by contending with hy dras, and overcoming wild beasts of the de- *art. S ich were Cephena, Hercules, .Eneas, Jason, Perseus, Polux and Castor. These kind of illustrious personages, after their death, had temples erected, and divine ho nors paid them:—they took their seat on the starry girdle of time, where they were to fill the universe with their splendor, and ex tend their benignant influence to the latent ages of man. The Romans could trace up their line to a celestial origin,—they were in their own estimation the descendants of Aseanius— they, therefore, had a right to put their yoke on the rrst of Mankind—they did so :—Most ail other nations could do the same thing, nnd were possessed of a like belief. Their (JEneas was horn near Heaven; Romulus, the founder of their Empire, was suckled by a Wolf, the must savage and ferocious of beasts Our Washington was purely of mortal parentage, nnd suckled at the breast of a woman, the mild st, mo»t amiable, and gentle creature on earth. If he w anted the ».n age ferocity nf the wolf, was he less mar tial and valorous in his disposition ; and tho’ rnt like Romulus a near kinsman of the Di vinity, was he less Divine in his eouacils and deliberations? The only incenlites of his notions, were patriotism and Ihe love of iir- toe; Ihe only rewards he desired, the ap probation of Heaven, and the good will of Jj.j fellow creituru. lie expected no tern les for hi* worship after death, no eonepieu- his mind, a twinkling taper half extinguish- us station among tile starry hosts of night, ed ; he will havn neither taste, nor capai it) The governments of the old world, fertile most pari, are under the control of those, who have a hereditary right, or of those, who have usurped power and vvadi-d to the throne through blood. Such were Crom well, William, nnd Bonaparte. The political institutions of maw, like the physical objects, which cover the face ol the. earth, seem liible Xo decomposition and reformation, and partake of that fldetuity, which is common to every thing below the sun. Though they may possess many fea tures entirely new, yet they are of the same materials of those whirh have disappe u cd in a new shape:—They are plants, which have been torn up from the ground, and tak en root again in the same soil; they have changed their feature, but not their place. Such is pretty much an outline of the go vernments of the other three parts of the world: But the case is far diffrent with ours: It is an exotic transplanted into a new soil, fanned by a new sky, and washed by n new ocean, which have imparted to it a capacity to resist the decomposing action of lime—a durability of its own. In most other governments, power radi ates from the centre,—from a few individu als distinguished without any just reason, who sway with an unholy hand an unennse- crated sceptre : in ours, ihe order is revers ed :—it radiates from the circumference to the centre;—all being in power, all being rulers. Power seems to be to the systems of go vernments what electricity is to the physical world ; it is the electric aura of the moral When the forceful equilibrium of the former is destroyed, it in ay explode Ihe national istence of a people ; when Ihe latter, it may displace and undo a world. May not, then, anarchy and despotism be to the mo ral, what a comet is to the physical system of nature ? Sustained hy principles so congenial to the nature of man's happiness, how invaluable then must appear our government, in what ever light you contemplate it, how happy our people, and how secure and inviolable our rights 0 ! Liberty, first .smile of Heaven, first in gredient nf human happiness! Nature’s first call in infant life, the last ill death ! Chaste Virgin! Fair inhahitress of thu sky, thy birth-place! Equally despised and beloved by mortals ! in starch nf a durable hahitati on on earth, thou hast travelled thu world over ! at Athens and at Rome thou f mildest hot a temporary one !—They abandoned thy worship, and defiled thy holy altars; they filled thy temples with demons, bi polluted whatever was saered to thee :—Thou fledest with thine eagles!—Thy virtuous friends mourned thy departure !—It was the day ol triumph to thine enemies!—Sin stalked a- hroail in the robes of saints,—the Virtues went into voluntary exile,—and all that was good—and lovely,—and beautiful, withered to the tomb! But following the courae of the. sun, thou at last hast found a people devoted to thee from the purest intentions, a clime a home congenial to thee, where thy tem ples rest on columns of adamant, fitted alike by nature to resist the attacks of time and thine enemier. That clime, my friend 5 , is America, the home and birth-place of us all 1 have now come to that part of iny 9uh ject, in which l am to treat more imrueili ately of the influence, wliich climate and country exert upon the character and go vernment of a people ; and I confess I fee no small share of diffidence, when I recollect 1 am entering a region, upon which Genius has often poised her eagle-eye,—at once a theme for philosophy, and a sky unlimitedly ex tended for the flights of fancy. At une time or alher, all the rarwtlco differences of the human race have been at tributed to these two sources ; equally alike the stupidity of the Cretans, the Albinos, and the sageness of the llsitleys and tile Newtons, the white skin nf the Circassian and the jetty hue of the Dongolean, the. gi- hnts of Patagonia and the dwarfs of Lap land. Never did fanry tike her flight so wild ! Never were such brilliant lalseliuods blended w ith truth! But what are this country and climate which have so far changed,and modified tire character of man ? Are. their influence only nominal, and would he and all other animal remain the same, were their constitutions to undergo alteration ? We think not. They are stimuli, which constantly tease and op' rate upon his exterior organs, which mould and develope his constitution, and which se cretly communicate activity to the springs of his ::oul, from which originate arts, scien res, religions, politics, and all that relates to his intellectual nature. What does a man see and feel, hut that by which he is sur rounded ? What a great source of ideas and reflections then, must the earth he to him upon which he walks, and from which he derives his support, and the air, which he respires, the one terminating his prospect below, the other above ! And what are go verninents, hut an assemblage of ideas in his mind, regarding the best means of his own happiness and safety, and that nf others ? If then these physical stimuli of climate and country arc such, a3 are best adapted to his organic stamina, his constitution will be developed in the most perfect manner pos sible ; his mind will he higher wrought and of better finish; and he will instinctively seek a government more refined, and hi tler adapted to the ends nf his happiness and safety. He will have strength of body to tultivale the soil and defend his right ; he will have genius and imagination for (lie fine arts; he will inient sciences; and he will have ambition to point him out the road to glory. It is not one country and one clime he now inhabits: he takes possession of Ihe stars, and creates for himsplfinvisihle worlds, which he fills with Ihe most sublime and au gust attributes:—The ehulitions of his ex panding soul overflow infinite space, and stretches itself beyond where Time may linpp to lake his flight!—lie fills tho world with his music, and his songs ;—his Fauns, his Sylphs, hisjNymphs, Nereides and Dry- ndes. preside over the grovps, the fountains, and tile waves. He loves ! lie sings!—and with invincible arm, he fight3 his battles; the rest of mankind behold his superiority with wonder and admiration; they believe he it descended from the Gods, and bend their necks to his yoke ; he vainly gives into tho delusion himself, and thus, what is pure ly the effect of (oral circumstance, of the country where he lives, it mistaken for the attribute of Heaven. In comparatively modern times, tills fact was admirably illustrated by the poor na tives of Peru and Mexico, who looking on with amazement upon the superiority ofthe resources of the Spaniards, their enemies readily gave into the belief of their immorta lity and invulnerability. But on the contrary ; if the country he in habit be poor and sterile, enjoy an unequal distribution of heat and light, tlie air loaded with unwholesome vapour, his constitution will be hut imperfectly developed, his or gans deformed und foebl# in tlw'r functiops, fur arts, sciences, aud governments ; he will devoid of ambition and tin* love ol glory: instead of religion, there will be hii|m-i-,tl.iuti; instead at pas,ion, apathy ; instead of song rordingly, the black foxes, bears, and birds of warm climates, turn white in arctic coun tries, mid vice versa, tile w bite arctic ereu tinea assume the black hue in warm climate.-. |, man subject tu the same law ? In truth,every nation seems to lutve amuse* the gliniiny tacit 1 unity nf insensibility ; ami 1 menu, pleasun a, sorrows, ills* uses, crimes, liewill he devoid uf that tender, divine sen- v ii lues, manners, customs, institutions, go- tiineut, wliich, in oilier countries, exalts amt veiniiiuiils, vices, murals,religious,audsupei - dignifies tlie female sex ; and here, woman, | slilious of iheiruwn. in all tint countries, tin w ith those charms, which elsew here are w ont j w orld over, Love has established his domini to tyrailise, must forever snik with the brutes. I do not stop to point out nil those nnti ons, which correspond to these descriptions, as it is presumed that neither tlie loe*~ general correctness of tile stntemWrl he doubted. Wlmt then ir the intellectual world within ns, but the shadow modified of that which is without, which constantly im presses and solicits our exterior organs, which gives occasion to ail our thoughts, w hich communicate to us the impulse ot ex istence, and thereby become part of our selves. Should vve lie astonished then, that the intellectual should constantly >eat time to all ttie changes of the physical * arid ?— Does nut every thing go to attest the fact? And does it not beam with strong effulgence tu a parallel on-, and rides a proud despot, ensuing his Se- [ raglios, and instilnt ng polygamy, against the wii| ul lleaien, and eveiy sympathy and feeling of tile heart. Here Beauty pleads ii. min to follow him she loves, and partake hij fortunes; her weakness, winch protects her in other countries, Is here tier crime j amt her ehanna, w liieli secure tier respect ami admiration, almost to idolatry, became lici spoiler : Nature is outraged ; she. is impri soned for tile, or sold in market as merchan dize, or the staple commodity of tier conn try. Tu use the language of the physinlo- gi.-ts, it is here the epigastric constitution seems to have gained the entire ascendency ; accordingly, all is pas-ion, mill hut little in tellect, genius, or enterprise, ami the govern ment, as might have lieeu expected, either upon genuine psychology ? The Christian I monarchical nr despotic. . . a -* ' 1 — If the remark of Fontanelle he ju-t, that xtenderl Religion lias ceased to flourish at Jirnsalem, (liearts anil sciences in Egypt. What have become of tlie countries of Aristides, The- inistuclea, Tully and Cato? Why, the Ox now silently eats Ids hay in those very pla ces, where their powerful princes otce issu ed their edicts to the world, and the hissing nf serpents fills those spacious domes, that once echoed the devotional hymns of an au gust and mighty people ! Great as are t’he changes wrought by cji- j mate and country on Ihe exterior organs ot man, greater still appear to be thosbon his moral and intellectual constitutions, VN w know if a race of people settle a ne.v coun try, separated by lofty mountains ut rivers, :hcy will reuse to lie tin* same :—A fart will become fierce and warlike, will cultivate the arts and sciences ; the other wall he gassnr, and without energy ; the one will rc.ch the greatest acme of human perfection, fit leave Ihe monuments of its arts and indmlry to future times ; while the other will approach the opposite extreme, and one coraaon ru in cover all. It was remarked hy Fontanelle, that in the South, the arts and sciences have ncrer ex tended beyond Egypt, and in the No th, be yond the confines of Sweden. Whs* then ? Do heat and cold equally alike queneli those organic fires of his constitution, which mys teriously give birth to the intellectual attri butes of man ? or has he descended from dif ferent origins, and are the different modifica tions of tniinl ami body, exhibited hy the va rious races of people, who inhabit Him globe, his birth-rights, which he has received from the hand of nature ? No ! No !! \V* arc assured to the contrary from the best autho rity. When Time was an infant, they were his playmates, and their birth like his, is lost in the night of the eternity that is passed.— Tlieir evolution has heen gradually effected hy the changes our wot Id has undergone ;— they are the legitimate exertions of physical laws, which existed ere the invention of let ters or human records And we have rea son to believe, there is a greater variety of our species, at this day on the earth, than there was in the times of Heredotius. May not, then, the germ of the human race yet be in a stats of partial developement; and may not the prolific action of the elements upon the body of man, that gravitate fit war round this planet, in time to come,give birth to a new race, as different, as the Europe ans and the aborigines of our own soil?— What is to check tlie career of nature, or p o..a «!.• nf those IgWS, (pjltyU have already diversified our species r If M Cuvier, the great French Naturalist is to be trusted, man is comparatively a new inhabitant of this planet; and seventy spe ries of animals lie entombed beimv the sur face, whose funerals nature celebrated with horrible pump, in the terrible convulsions she ha r undergone. We know the period of human life, in the first ages, was protracted to a much greater length, than it is at present. It is, therefore, probable, that every climate on the globe has undergone changes inure or less unfavorable to man, and every other species of animals. So much docs this ap pear to he the case, that some one has ex claimed, “ How much too bold would hr that hypothesis, which should declare the Oranoutong a species of man, whore mnsti net*e wind View, that will no! v af; ungusted leasin'.-, nor a glove bluotn, that will not lied its fragrance in the air, long after it has withered from tlie face of the earth. And when these muses of future days shall be |i,,ld ihe Urn of our Franklin and uur \\ ash on, tin y ilia I u reive fie-.h inspiration, tin .astern In luisplierv,— the whole world wil ling with melody before uni)red i—h against tht CrecVta and which had c , lor some time under prepnraifon. It is stated on the authority nfiottr rj fiou. St. Petersburg of the drii Aliy t: the Emperor Alexander li.u J set out k join the armies, but the ix.l,.io t ..e oq Loudon did not experience any dt-ilinc <i consequence. Of the negotiations h they wtil gife n new immortality of hi- with Turkey little is mentioned, and Und uviqand new garlands to deck the forehead that will i xhihil fresh urn nness, until Time -hall have destroyed every thing but him- -elf, and he left alum: amid the desolation hi has made. You, My Friends, are to be the great pro genitors, the venerable ancestors of thata: il lustrious races of men, who are to rlime in the future annals of this country, who are to attract the wonder and admiration of the rest of mankind, hy exhibiting to them w halever is rare and fragrant in poetry, whatever n> great, useful, and profound in philosophy, whatever tends to the consummation of the happiness of our spi rit s in gut ernment, and by whatever is ornamental and exalted in virtue. If there were no other evidence, it is con trary In all former experience,—to all that is treasured up in philosophy, that the loo in so guarded a way, that it is ienpos sihle to arrive at any conclusion on the subject. The political relations b e . tween Russia and Tut key, it is asserted, had undergone no change since the lust advices were written. An order had been received in Londoty from St. Pelersborgh, for dUO.ObU mus kets for the Russian army. Gen. Sebastians has refused the com mand of a large French army to be lot til ed as a cordon, on the frontiers of Spam. Accounts from India give the most di«. trussing details of the destructive pro. gress of the cholera morbus. 'I he u. vagus at IJtissorah, have l.eeti mn-t iyeadful. Of principal merchants ofthe the a Is and taflcnces, have nev beyond Egypt in the South, and Sweden in the North, that portion of the globe, in which tlie human rai e reaches their greatest per fection, is comparatively a narrow slip, con lained within lltc temperate Zone. It wa- this portion ol earth, so much favored hy nature, which .ve may consider as a kind ol physnlugical and inlellertn.il hut-house, that gave birth tu all those great nations, wlios poets, warriors, and philosophers, w ill he the wonder of all future times, and whose prair ie ill wake the lyre of the unborn sous of song. It was here, we may observe, ttie hu man race were first planted in the ineffable beauty of their Creator’s image The fine air of Eden imparted tone and elasticity In their constitutions, which were to them, as an atmosphere of light, through which tin ir minds could mount up t» the contemplation of the suhlimest objects. But no sooner were they expelled these breezy clime-, than they felt the malignant influence nfan iin poisoned iiir, the grave was brought within view of the thresh hold of life, and they Inst that vigor nnd bunancy of health, which gave their mind its right to the the empire of the skies. From a general view of the subject, i.. truth, it would appear, that patriotism, hero ism, the fine art«, religion, philosophy,philan thropy fii all the virtues, that enohle hum sons of such a country, as this can want pa-! place, (lot one remains alive, ail having triutism, genius, talents, ambition, and thej fallen victims to the prevailing scourge. l ive of glory ; or her daughters, grace, syn: inetry, beauty and lovi Itness, which in the economy of human nature, seem direct ly re I ati d to heroism and the love ol glory : They go with us not to the place ot danger, but their smiles and their tenderness linger ing in memory, give the husoin its support, and l he steel its edge in the moment ol con flict ; and thus they repel the invaders of lUeir country. As priestesses of Nature, they inspire us with tin- sentiments of hu manity ; and by uniling the t xtremenf tilt ii own make with ours, call into anility the noblest virtues. It h i? heen remarked, in every country, the world over, where the) want beauty and loveliness, the men want every exrclicsit quality, nnd wieiety almost every valuable hie-sing. It then these quali ties nf theiis excite heroism and the love i f glory in the Bosom of man, it is necessary that'tins women of a country should he beau tiI'uI and lovely, for It tu make any gr eat pro gress m glory and the conquest of empire. How rapidly have Ihe moral and civil stales nf Persia increased,-nice the introduction of the rircassimi and Cashinerian wuirtet. the handsomest and must beautiful ol tin it sex on earth. How powerful Yiml diffusa i ire such stimuli! a despot, who has poured out. i\ ithoilt a tear, oceans of innorent hiiod, kneel nnd weep at the feel of a heanti The details amount to 1.00 per day on an average, and the inhabitants were dying from the place in every direction. 1 lie epidemic had found its way to tlie Arabian coast, and was doing incredible mischief. In the province ofOmruan it had carrier! off dO.OOO people ; and in the city of Muscat and its neighboring villages, no less than 10,000 persons ! id fallen v iciims tu it, in the short space of leu days. I.okdo.n, May 17. A vestel has arrived at Toulon with intelligence that (he Greeks were be sieging the Pinks in the Acropolis, »t Athens, and it was feared that many of the tinbic vvorks of art in that city would he destroyed. The Parthenon (Temple . fMinerva) had heen demoli-ed. Tltc French Admiral had succeeded in paving -one ofthe beautiful ba» reliefs wlnTi adorn the celebrated lantern of Demos thenes. The only mail which has arrive ! to day, is from Flanders. I he Brusst is ti rade* reach down to the 14th inst. An r!e ie from \ ienna, ofthe oth, mention! nature,spontaneously-priiigiipin those conn-i f„| woman ; and how grand and important | that there had been a meetm" of the great ministers of state on ttie preceding day, and that immediately after it broke up, despatches were sent off to London, Paris and St. Petersburg, which wr re supposed to relate to the affairs ot Rus sia and Turkey, but this was merely con- j 1 cliire, for great secrecy was observed by the Austrian government on the sub. feci Reports of approaching war were current, but the general understanding at Vienna was, that the Emperor A!o>.. under would not commence hostilities without the concurrence of all the allied powers. ries,that are diversified by hill and dale, wher the air is temperate, Sc subjec t tu vicissitud••• the sky blue ii serene, reflecting strongly the radiance of the heavenly bodies, and occa-t ooally agitated hi electrised hy tempests.— This great physical truth did not escape tin sagacity of Hippocrates, w ho remarked dial genius, longevity, enterpiise and a war-like spirit, were the produce of those countries, w hich lie exposed to Ihe sun, are hilly, and subject to violent changes ami revolutions.— The Persians,the Greeks, Ihe Romans, tin Goths, the Vandals, and the Tartar) nan ons, have all manifested the most powerful ly martial spirit ;the world, at different peri ods, have severely felt the scourge of tin ir arms; and they most all succeeded in fix itig the yoke on the rest of manki d. The countries they inhabited are pretty much such as were marked out for such qualities, hy this great master of physies. Here tin- soul takes fire at the sight ; it feels the irre sistible inspiration of nature, as a kind of dis traction ; it flings itseif upon its own pini ons. and as it soars upwards, casts its eye Ihe purposes they fulfil tu the economy of the moral world !! To conclude.—Of all the four quarters of the world has nut natute spread round us her widest oceans, above us, her bluest -kies and left before our evcs her loftiest moun tains, those pyramids of Iters upon which -he marked tile date of the woiid, w hi n it was finished ? These inspirators cannot fail to have their effect,—tiny must flit up Ihe blank that remains in the inap of human nature, and yet reve«l tho most perfect character of man. Other countries then, seem to have their advantages, but whatever nature, has left out in them, necessary to the constitution of a great and perfe ct people, she seems to have associated in tile new world. The ktaul}/ and loveliness of woman to excite the corresponding qualities of heroism and the love of glory,—the. potent and irre sistible inspiration of nature diffused every where round, to call into the most perfect xistrnce every Attribute of the soul, and uiitr.1* fitting of the? harl. must, for- round on the prospeet of iIip universe. The I mighty organs that play off its actions, take j ever, make America imphatieaily Ihe Temple their directions through infinite space, as it i °* Lib irty Si the purest lit hgion her Gods, igh mtinite sp; points them out, and gravitate upon each o- tlier, hy Ihe rules of its prescription. The deep abyss ofthe Heaven above, the heights of the mountains and extended plains below, Ihe agitation of the winds, all aet like mag nets upon it, they stir up its etheria! fires, and reveal to it the beginning and end of things, and tho immortality of its own n;ri tore. Teased nnd fretted hy the chissel, the rocks leave the quarries to take on the fnim* and visages of men, and hy the durability of I tlieir structure, symbol to unboro ages the the one Supreme ! and one day, become the new birth-place, Ihe b gilimate mother of the arts ami scieneef, aud her empire, the empire nf the world. A'MU'.Ui.W JSe w-\ uiik. J une 27. By the brig Abigail, from Dublin, we have just received the Dublin Evening Post of May 18th, containing London dates of the i6th. tutiou had heen ruined hy climate!"—he is found in the same country, and shares his tence from imagination, and thus pre nativity with the negro. The action, then of climate and country upon the whole constitution of man, is no chimera, no hypothesis, thrown in to fill up some ideal system of philosophy i—They exert a real influence, by giving a most com plete and perfect finish to his mind and bo dy, or if they be unfavorable, hy imparting the contrary qualities. We know that every country on eartli has plants, animals, and products, peculiar to itself, man by the vari- ty of his resources being able to inhabit all climates. The fnssel anil mineral kingdoms, as Well as the vegetable and animal, seem to obey the same rigid law of nature. All the precious metals are found in greater abun dance in districts bordering on the line, than in other places ; and when the same pro duct is found in different countries, it is not without modification : Thus the oak of our own soil is not the oak nf Norway, the bear of the tropics, not the hear of Green land, as the beautiful Cashinerian is not the Hottentot. Wc might naturally expect, then, that if the products of one country were transplant ed into the soil of another of different lati tude, in time they would become assimilated to the native growth. In favor of this positi on, we have the very weighty authority of Fontanelle U Buffon, according to whom, the Europeans, who settle under tlie line, in the course of time, will pass through ail the inter mediate grades, from the most perfect white, to the ebony black. Tlie Jews, who migrat ed some years ago into Abyssinia, have be come as black as the natives of that sultry clime; and the descendants of the Portu guese conquerors, who penetrated into these legions about the middle of the fifteenth century, have shared a similar fate. They have all suffered a revolution no less unfa vorable in their moral and maital constitu tions. Contrar'dy, however, wp know the Moors who settled in Spain,in times past,after twen ty generations have now sweeptd away, still maintain pretty much of tlieir primitive cha racter and appearance. If, !hen, the coun tries nf the sun, can curl the hair and ebo nise the fair complexion nf the children of Abraham, the fine climate of Spain cannot bleach the jetty hue, and wipe off tbA-stair of sin, from the accursed descendants of llam. It is the sun that imparts color to e- very thing: it is therefore reasonable to be lieve the air, which envelopes different porti ons of the earth, receiving different quanti ties of the solar fluid at different times, w ill deeds of pas. fame and of glory. The gran-1 ,,f } 0 ' 000 P 0 ." nd » h » d b, ’, cn U suh ; denr aud excellence of man’s and nature's j '" Loudou previous to the Ibth ol productions, every where receive new ezis- f ” r .'i?. 1 ' ro, T f of ""i 8uffenn S P™ r rve | themselves from that destruction, which na ture is always inflicting upon herself. Thus live the glory and fate of the house of Pli ant, the tale Troy divine; the equisite beau ty ofthe Grecian Hi lien, the manly graces of Mevelans, and the ever-blooming groves ofldalia and of Daphne. But, conlrarily, pusalanimity. superstition, misanthrophy, and all the degrading quali ties, spring up in level, flat countries, where all the exhibitions of nature are uniform and mountaneous, where, there is nothing to call the soul abroad, or inspire it with heavenly virtues. Such arc the countries of the Anthropohagi, nnd such will he found to be all those countries, w herever human nature is degraded or sunk extremely low, where the passions spring up, hut to harm,fit. the mind exerts its powers, hut to increase the darkness that surrounds it. In all its migrations, Christianity lias ne ver wandered frum the temperate regions, it being the compatriot of the arts and scien ces, and all the exalted virtues. Should its remains, therefore, be. found in future times among these Anthrophagi, or in llio.-e plac es without the limits of its nativity, w hither it is now transported by the Missionaries.it will stand in the same light to Ihe eye of curiosity, as do the huge relicks of the tro pieal elephant, found in the mountains of Norway, to the ingenious naturalist of the present times :—And as tlie one points to a great epoch in the physical, the other, w ill in the moral world. But I need not garnish these facts with useless explications, as they must be. manifest to every study of physics. In applying these doctrines, now, to our own country, our happy republic, how grand and magnificent the prospect they seem to reveal ! The future glory of our country, like the star in Galileo’s glass, descried through the dark sky of ages to romr,3C‘ , ms brought with fuil-orbed illumination intojhr zenith of a neighboring Heaven. The $;jp r rior splendor of its beams lights ty.i |hc un j. verse, and all the boastodfvcatness of (hi antiquity that is passed, is annihilated, oi flung into obscurity: Touched hy the mag net of the>e doctrines, the mind, seated in laitny’sairy car, imps Gently transports her- sell upward through time to the. moment, when she fatches the sweet voices of the muses t«> he born in this western hemisphere, bursting forth in strains more harmonic k su blime, than were heard in form«r days in Arcadian groves, or fell from the divine Ijri nf the Thracian Orpheus. When not n stream will rXt its wave ousting, not a inoun carnmunicate a now tinge tp objpets. Ac- tain rear its head to 'he sky ouhouored, land. There is scarcely a town in Eng land or an association w hich has nut come I or ward on Ihe occasion. The same sym pathy prevails in Scotland. Edinbutgli «- well as Glasgow have met ar.d made libe ral donations. A vast quantity of Amcrcian flour has been shipped at Liveipnul, for the ports ol Cork, Limerick, and Galtvay. Accounts from Smyrna to the 9th of A- Thcre is reason to believe that S.vtv Mar tin has w ithdrawn fmm Lima on a mftit wy expedition to the interior, and that the nnr- quis of Torre T igle is only invested wt’h the temporary government of Peru. There is some reason to believe, says the Palladium, the President's Message recom mending to Cougress to act,novvledge the Independence of the late Spanish American Colonies, was received at Madrid on the 15th April; and it is probable a portion,'f the time, since has been employed by Spain, through her Embassadors at the Courts of Europe, in efforts to create a party against this country on account of that measure. For this purpose it is likely she would pro«- pose to make some valuable cessions. FROM GIBRALTAR. Papers to May 18th are received at Bos ton, from which the Palladium has given the fullo,wing summary. The final decision of uur Congress in favour of South America, was published. The Cortes has approved the appoint ment of an Inteudant for Panama, the or ganization of the Civil Secretary’s Ollier in Porte Rico, and the establishment of school* in every corps of the army. The Algerines have rejected the iate Spa nish overtures, and hostilities are rxpecti d against the Spanish shipping.- [Official.] The occurrence in the Brazils have caused much agitation in the Portuguese Cortes. One of the Brazilian Deputies to the Pm'a tugtiese Cortes has proposed a scheme ■ i f which alone tlie connexion between Brazil pnl state that from lb to 80 Greeks were j Hnrt Portugal could in Ids opinion be in:.„i- laily mudered, and on that day not less , llitl ed.’' Another E. Deputy appeared lu he against this scheme. than 40 of these unfnrtunatu men had falle victims to popular phrenzy. All the shops continued closed, fit no business transacted. London, May 15. The intelligence from the eu-l of Europi combined favorable to the cause of the Greeks. It has not, howev er, as yet assum ed such a form as would induce us to dis place domestic matter for its insertion. The question between Russia and Turkey remains undecided. The expectation of a war is general, and the Emperor, it is said, in an article from St. Petershurgh, was to have left that capital on the 4th inst. for Warsaw. In France the elections arc going on in fa vor of the Liberals. Of the eight Deputies of the Department which embraces Paris, six were Patriots. Some disturbances have broken out in Spalri, but they appear not to he formidable. A party of the losurgent- had passed into France, and were instantly disarmed hy the Cordon Senataire station ed on the frontiers; an evidence in favor of tiie good faith ofthe French government. T.ATF. FROM ENGLAND. »V York, June 29—By the ship.it, captain Taylor, from Dublin, ) lave ’ received Irish papers to ,| 1C 21st May inclusive, containin'; London date* to the 18th, two days later than before re oeived. They furnish accounts from Odessa to the 20th of April, and from Constantinople to the 14th. The for- mer speak of war as being extremely probable, but mention that there was so great a scarcity offood amongthe Russian forces on the frontiers of Turkey, that it was supposed they would be obliged to change their quarters, as there was not more than ten days’ provisions remain ing. The Captain Par.tm hail quitted! Spaniards uie^e coi; 'he Turkish capital, in order to take th< ' Thu deputies complain nf meeting wi.k numerous ••.suits in Lisbon. The diplomatic Committee of the Portu guese Cortes report-J in favor nf withdraw ing the troops from Mwnte Video. Th* Cortes disapproved ofthe report fit to [.V Y. Mlr. 4aY.] Nor.ronc, June 21. Tn Hampton Road-, brig Georgian** Chamber) one, 17 davs from St. Ja^o di# Cuba, with sugars, bound to N. Yo:k, put in for supplies. Captain Chamber! une slates, tliat S day or two previous to his sailing, ac ' counts arrived from Pam-ma. that a Franch fleet, ronsi-ting of 6 or 7 frigate*} had arrived in that bay; th it ihe oft- rers had landed, am! that a D imperlna? treatv was going on with Cre-id r p ,-/ or, tho purport of whir' \ ' , , -. ' ' .1 rVtts r.&’ known, hut it w as chniee* 1 .1 , , . , , . ,, , >' .ufed that it r Mated 0 D - " ,nn «’t a part of the Island (h!j 1 n, '..?o) to th* French government. Captain C. says, that the above fieri had arrited some short time before, he*, were ordered off by Ihe authorities o'* the place until the pleasure of Boyrr could he .ascertained, when it returned, a» above stated, the officers were pel.' mitted to land. FROM S T. CROIX. Capt. Biker nfthebii_r A- ron, *(”..• arrived thi- forenoon in 1 .*• <t;• \ - from S f Croix, informs that on the 1 S;h ins*. was spoken by a cutti r »! , p, beating "P from Porto Rico, sit lenpues rie'*!i from Si. Thom'S, ar.d inform'd that t'x nnd cutaraead of the fiquadroa proceedtag 1 The cutter bad : ng to z.\ir z ’ti’p art /V , Engthb flig, th .1