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SOUTHERN
RECORDER.
VOL. III.
MfLLEDGEVILLE, GEORGIA, TUESDAY, DECEMBER 24, 1822.
No. 46.
PUBLISHED WEEKLY,
p YS. GIM.YTLA.VD ff It. M. ORMR,
On Hancock Street, opposite tlie Auction Store
AT THREE DOLLARS, IN ADVANCE, Oil FOUR
dollars at tur expiration or the
TEAR.
jj-y Advertisements conspicuously inserted
at the customary ratos. Letters on business,
in „ll cases, most be roa r paid
from TIIK EASTERS Allots.
THE WATCHMAN.
No. II.
To the Republicans ofthe United States.
When our political father took leave
of his children, he predicted that “ de-
>igning men” would attempt to excite
local jealousies and “ geographical dis
criminations” and warned and advised
them that they should repel such at
tempts with an indignant frown. At
this time the federalists were the ruling
party. While they enjoyed the influence
and control, their precepts would, of
course, be observed. So long as a man
can preserve his power over the people
it is his interest to keep them quiet.—
He will not attempt to diminish it, and
jhould he wish to increase it, this would
only be effected by resisting all disaffec-
tions and local jealousies. There is no
very extraordinary mark of patriotism
m preserving the powers which we pos
sess and which we wish to increase and
perpetuate. Could the federalists have
continued to rule, they would probably
have been as ardent opposers of “ geo
graphical discriminations” as Washing
ton himself. So longas their party could
uovern the whole, there seemed no ra
tional inducement lo excite hostility in
the different parts.
But the scene changed. So insup-
manded that the local interest of five
States, marked by geographical lines,
should be provided for at the expense
and hazard of all the rest. The crisis
arrived. Deluded and seduced by their
“designing men,” three of the five
Slates, formed a conspiracy to demand
u repayment of tlicir taxes, or a separate
peace, and lo threaten ulterior measures
in case of refusal. It is true that on this
scheme of treachery and rebellion, the
republicans of New England indignantly
frowned. The projectors were defeat
ed, and hurled headlong into irretrieva
ble and eternal contempt. But the ori
gin design, progress and fate of the con
spiracy are not to be forgotten. They
should be held in constant remembrance
as a warning to those, who for purposes
of ambition, shall excite local jealousies
and divisions.
D( all party division, sthose by geogra
phical lines are the most pernicious and
dangerous. '1 o pretend that there is a
New England interest, separate, distinct
and adverse to the general interest, is
the grossest and weakest of all absurdi
ties. J he six, commonly denominated
the Netv England States, may have some
thing peculiar in manners, industry and
education. But whatever is profitable
in these, is diffusing itself into the Mid
dle, Southern and Western States, with
the immense swarms of emigrants which
we are constantly sending there. The
republicans of Nan England have none of
those. eUnish antipathies. They look
upon the republicans of the other States
as brothers, mid know that they have no
common interest, which is not common to
Louisiana or any other Southern or Wes
tern State.
During the war and while we endured
peculiar privations, the enemy, in con-
portable were their aggressions and ty
ranny, that the people became alarmed
and indignant, stiipped them cl tlieil ( cert with the federalists, pressed as hard
power, condemned them, as we trust, t 0 produce a conviction of our own de
to a perpetual minority. From this mo
ment all their national feelings expired.
They could never forgive a people who
had detected their designs, resisted their
oppressions, and stiipped them of their
authority. la defiance of the warn
ings and admonitions of Washington,
whose wisdom and virtue they had af
fected to revere, we find them struggling
to retrieve their defeat, at the expense
of all justice and the sacrifice of all prin
ciple. Very soon after the expiration
nt Mr Adams’ administration, we witness
the federalists of New-England striving
for power by provoking local jealousies
and “geographical discriminations.”—
In a pamphlet written by one ot tlicir
leaders in Boston, to prove the expedi
ency of a general electoral ticket in Gns-
sachusells, New-England is marked out
fenceless state and of the neglect of our
government to protect us, and to excite
disafiectioo and seduce ns from our al
legiance. But the republicans saw the
design, and the effect was the reverse of
what was intended. Having witnessed
in the federalists of New-England a set
tled hostility to the Union and a deter
mination to oppose the interests of the
nation so long as they shall be excluded
from power, having seen them urging
their pretensions with an obstinacy and
perseverauce which approached rebel
lion and threatened a dissolution of the
Union, it is confidently believed that the
republicans will not be seduced into their
scheme of local discriminations—the ve
ry scheme which, had it not prostrated
the party, would have prostrated the li
berties of the people. We now stand on
;u a distinct portion and her rights are high commanding national ground. And
put in opposition to those of the South
and West. 'They felt and endeavored
to inculcate a lasting hatred against that
portion of the Uuion, who had deprived
them of their power, which they had
forfeited by abuse. Despairing of go
verning the whole, they hoped to divide,
that they might govern a part. That
New-England had rights and interests
adverse to the rest of the Union became
a federal doctrine, which was raaintivn-
cd, enforced, and practised without ces
sation or division.
Boston was the head quarters of these
principles. When Sir James Craig’s
messenger was sent to negotiate a sepa
ration of the New-England states from
•he rest, he came to Boston. The opin
ion that there existed in those States a
distinct local interest, common to them,
hut opposed by the policy and prejudices
of the others, had been so industriously
diffused and so perpetually inculcated,
hy the leaders in Massachusetts, that this
negotiation was deemed practicable and
hs success probable. As the attach
ments of the federalists to Britain were
as manifest as their hostility to the Uni
on, such a scheme could not have ori-
fiinated any where with better prospects
ol 6ucce=s, than with the Governor Ge
neral of Canada. And if this measure
vas afterwards condemned by Earl Gray
nnd Eord Holland in the British House
of Beers, as an attempt of that Govern
ment to seduce “ some of the States of
the Union to throw off their allegiance to
their legal government,” there is an a
P’dogy for the act, in this conduct of tin
i'Jeral party. They had convinced
V rtat Britain that they were weaned
•min a government where they had for-
teiteil all confidence, and lost all power,
a,| d that they could be approached and
managed as conspirators and traitors.—
Whether Mr. Erskine’s arrangement,
their fidelity or their fears defeated the
'chenie is not certain nor material. It
'* certain that from that period to the
"ise of (ho war, the local interests of
ew England have been their constant
•heme. It i s t 0 be found in every page
•jftheir papers.
hi the most disastrous and desponding
periods of the war; the local interests of
<kw England were most vehemently
11,1 ? f 'u. Not content to press their claims,
v ’hen they might he deliberately consi-
' led and fairly adjusted, they seized
Mil of a season of alarm anil despon-
'■•’ncy with a hope of extorting by me-
"ice wliai justice should refuse. These
.-'"deseed disciples of Washington, de-
are ivc to surrender and become the
dupes and slaves of a geographical party
under federal management ? Are we
ready to exchange our republican friends
of the South and West for the federal
ists of the East ? We must take care.
Strong allurements are held out to bring
the republicans into such a measure.—
The free and slave-holding States were
to have been arrayed against each other.
An aversion to slavery in the people of
the North is among the best feelings of
Secretaries of State, four Secretaries of
War, one Secretary of the Navy, one
Attorney General and live Foreign Min
isters.
It may, moreover, be matter of doubt
whether it would be entirely safe or
prudent to select a President from a por
tion of country, where he is surround
ed by federal friends and connexions.—
Here local considerations should have
weight, if at all. We know the assu
rance of federalists, and that they have
never been over-modest in obtruding
themselves upon our rulers, at our ex
pense, so long as they could entertain a
liope of their smiles. Much of the
•vqplth, talent, and learning is yet with
the federalists. Experience too, has
taught them some of the avenues to the
human heart. They know that kind
ness and llaltory are weapons which few
can resist. They know that such are
the delusive charms of friendly offices
and kind assiduities, that the motive is of
ten forgotten in the act. By their al
lurements, he would lie constantly hedg
ed in. These would he made to minis
ter to his pleasure and his pride. The
temptation might become irresistible,
and your President might find it neces
sary to capitulate, by a sacrifice of his
principles to his affections.
\ou very naturally suspect a friend
who very cordially receives the civilities
of your enemy. And if this enemy pos
sesses belter means to lure and serve
him, his looks, expressions and actions
ol gratitude and acknowledgment are
apt to he interpreted ns invidious parti
alities. To this cause, may perhaps ho
ascribed the jealousies heartburnings
of the republicans at the civilities offer
ed to Mr. Mouroe, in his tour to the
East. And if such feelings were indulg
ed, when your President, from the best
of motives, made a rapid excursion thro’
your country, what jealousies might not
he excited when you saw him surround
ed bv federal worshippers—distinguished
in being a? great sycophants as tyrants.
If, nevertheless, a New England re
publican can be found, proof against
such attempts, who Ins had anil still has
no fellowship with these tnen, whose
election is not to lie effected by their
means, who, in the midst of them, will
possess the nerve to resist all their temp
tations, and who will unequivocally and
stedtastly exercise a preference for re
publican men as well as republican prin
ciplcs, let him, if otherwise qualified,
he the man. All other tilings being c-
qual, it is right that you should prefer a
citizen of your own Slate. But it is
wrong, dangerously wrong, that this pre
ference should he allowed to outweigh
one essential qualification. There is
but one local partiality that a republican
should allow himself to indulge—it is a
partiality for his own State. Beyond
this, lie is not permitted to be a citizen
of the East, Middle, West or South, but
of tier, nation. His State partialities are
Constitutional—his “ geographical dis
criminations” are factious, seditious and
destructive of national harmony and na
tional happiness. Who is the best man ?
No matter where he lives, provided it is
out of the danger of federal temptation.
the human heart—and these feelings j Are his principles correct aud well os-
wcrc to have been perverted to the worst i tablHhed Will he bring us back to
of purposes. The plot was deep, dark j republican time ? Disregarding sccli-
anii full of mischief. Such a line, once j oual divisons, will lie preserve an cqui-
distioctly marked, could never have ! poise between the different parts by an
been obliterated. Old party principles J equitable distribution of the bread of the
must have yielded to this irritating dis- government lunong the members of the
tinction, and the republicans of the North J republican family? Will he preserve
would have found themselves in a geo
graphical party, of which the federalists
would have been a majority. In this^vay
we should have revived and realised fe
deral measures administered by federal
men. And in this way alone can the fe
deralists ever*expect to regain their
power. This is their last hope. And
the balance between the Slates and the.
nation ! AVi 11 lie be prompt to abolish
Washington, Dec. 3.
This day the. President or the Unit
ed States transmitted to both liuuses of
Congress the following
MESSAGE.
Fellow-citizens of the Senate
and House of Representatives :
Many causes unite to make your present
meeting peculiarly interesting tu our consti
tuents. The operation of our laws oil the
various subject* to which they apply, with
the amendments which they occasionally
require, imposes, annually, an important
duty on the Representatives of a free peo
ple. Onr system has happily advanced to
sueli maturity, that 1 ain nut aware that
your cares, in that respect, will he aug
mented. Other causes exist which are. high
ly interesting to the whole civilized world,
and to no portion of it more so, in certain
views, than to the United Slates. Of these
causes, and of their bearing on the interests
of imr Union, T shall communicate the senti-
niests which 1 have formed, with that free
dom which a sense of duty dictates. It is
proper, however, to invite your attention,
in the first instance, to those concerns re-
peeling which legislative provision is tho’t
to he, particularly urgent.
On the 24th of June last, a convention of
navigation and commerce was concluded, in
this city, between the United States and
France, by ministers duly authorized for
file purpose. The sanction of the Exeutive
having been given to this convention, under
conviction that, taking all its stipulations
into view, it rested essentially on a basis of
reciprocal and equal advantage, I deemed
it my duty, in compliance with the authori
ty vested in the Executive by the second
section of the net ul’the last ses ion, of the
6th May, concerning navigation, 'o suspend,
by proclamation, until the end of the next
session of Congress, the operation of the
act, infilled “ An act to impose “ a new
tonnage duty on French ships and vessels,
“ and for other purposes,” and tu suspend
likewise all other duties on French vessels,
or the goods imported in them, which ex
ceeded the duties on American vessels, and
on similar goods imported in them. I shall
submit, this convention, forthwith, to the
Senate, for its advice and consent, as to the
ratification.
Since your last session, the prohibition
which had been imposed on the commerce
between the United States and the British
colonies, in the West Indies, and on this
continent, has likewise been removed. Sat
isfactory evidence having been adduced,
that the. pods of those colonies have been
ripened to t ie vessels of the United States,
by an act of the British Parliament, bearing
date on the 2 till of June last, on the condi
tions specified therein, I deemed it proper,
in compliance with the provision of the first
suction of the art of the last session above
recited, to declare, by proclamation, bearing
date on the 24th of August last, that tile
ports of the United Slatrs should thence
forward, and until the end of the next ses
sion of Congress, he open to the vessels of
Great Britain employed in that trade, under
the limitation specified in that proclama
tion.
A doubt was entertained whether the act
of Congress applied lo the British colonies
os this continent, as to those in the West In
dies ; hut as the act of Parliament opened
the intercourse equally with both, and it was
the manifest intention of Congress, as well
a- the obvious policy of the United States,
that the provisions of the art of Parliament
‘should lie met, in equal extent, on the part
of the United Stales, and as also the act of
( (ingress was supposed to vest
iilcnt some discretion in tlie
1 thought it adv isable to give it
ii:g construction.
Should the constitutional sanction of the
Senate be given to the ratification of the
convention with France, legislative provi
sion will lie necessary to carry it fully iutu
effect, as it likewise will be to continue in
force, on such conditions as may be deemed
just and proper, the intercourse which lias
been opened between the United States and
the Briiisb colonies. Every light in the
possession, of the Executive, will, in due
time, he communicated on both subjects.
Resting essentially on a basis of rccipn
by the Spanish officers, and individual Span
ish inhabitants, by the late, operations of our
troops in Florida. No provision having yet
been made tu carry that stipulation into ef
fect, it is submitted to the comideration ol
Congress, whether it will not he proper to
vest the competent power in tile District
Court at Pensacola, or in some tribunal, lo
bo specially organized for the purpose.
The fiscal operations of the year have
been more successful than had been antici
pated at the commencement of the last ses
sion of Congress.
The receipts into the Treasury, during
the three first quarters of the year, have ex
ceeded die sum of fourtei n millions seven
hundred and forty-five thousand dollars.
Tire payments made at tile Treasury, dur
ing lira same period, have exceeded twelve
millions iivo hundred and seventy-nine thou
sand dollars. Leaving in the Treasury on
the 30th day of .September last, (including
cine million one hundred arid sixty-eight
thousand five bundl'd and ninety-two dollars
uid twenty-four cents which were in the
Treasury on the first day of January last) a
sum exceeding four millions one hundred
md twenty-eight thousand dollars.
Besides discharging all demands for (he
current service of the year, including the
interest and reimbursement of the public
debt, the six percent, stock of 17‘JC nmounl-
to eighty thousand dollars, has been re
deemed. It is estimated that, after defray
ing the current expenses of the present quar
ter, k. redeeming the two millions of six per
cent, slock of 1820, there will remain in the
Treasury, on the first day of January next,
nearly three millions of dollars. It is esti
mated that the gross amount of duties which
have been secured from the first of January
to the SOth of September last, lias exceeded
nineteen millions live hundred thousand dol
lars ; and the amount for tile whole year
will probably not fall short of twenty-three,
millions of dollars.
Of the actual force in service under the
present Military Establishment, the posts at
which it is stationed, and the condition of
each post, a report from the Secretary of
War, which is now communicated, will
give a distinct idea. By like reports the
state of the Academy at West Point will lie
seen, as well as the progress which has been
made, in tlie fortifications along the coast,
anil at the National Armories and Arsenals.
The position on the Red River, and that
at tlie Sault of St. Marie, are the only new
posts that have been taken. These posts,
with those already occupied in tlie interior,
are thought to lie well adapted to the pro
tection of our frontiers. All the force, not
placed in the garrisons along the coast, and
in the ordnance depots, and indispensably
necessary there, is placed on tlie frontiers.’
Tiie organization of the several corps
composing tlie army is such as to admit its
expansion to a great extent in case of emer
gency, tlie officers carrying with them all
• he. light which they possess, to tlie new
corps, to which they might be appointed.
With the organization of the stall', there
is equal cause tu be satisfied. Bv the
should they find any, engaged in that tradei
and bring them in fur adjudication.
In tlie West Indies, piracy is of a recent
date, which may explain the cause why u-
ther Powers have not combined against it.
By the documents communicated, it will bu
seen that the efforts of the United Slates to
suppress it have had a very salutary effect.
The benevolent provision of the act, under
which, the protection lias been extended a-
like to the commerce of other nations, can
not fail to lie duly appreciated by them.
In compliance with the Act of last Sessi
on. entitled “ An act to abolish the United
States’ Trading Establishments,” Agents
were immediately appointed, anil instructed,
under the direction of the Secretary of tlie
Treasury, to close the business of the trail
ing houses among tlie Indian tribes, and to
seilie the accounts of tin; Factors and Suh-
factors engaged in the trade,audio execute,
in all other respects, the injunctions of that
act, in the mode prescribed therein. A fi
nal report of tlicir proceedings shall be com
municated to Congress as soon as it is re
ceived.
It is with great regret I have to state, that
a serious malady has deprived us of many
valuable citizens at Pensacola, and checked
the progress of some oftiiose arrangements,
which are important to the territory. This
effect has been sensibly felt in respect to the
Indians who inhabit that territory, consist
ing of the remnants of several tribes, who oc
cupy the middle ground between St. Augus
tine and Pensacola, with extensive claims,
but undefined boundaries. Although peace
is preserved with those Indians, yet their
position and claims tend essentially to inter-
nipt the intercourse between tlie eastern and
western parts of the territory, in which our
inhabitants are principally settled. It is es
sential to the growth and prosperity of tlie
territory, as well as to tlie intercourse of the
Union, that these Indians should be remov
ed, by special compact with them, to suras
other position, or concentrated within nar
rower limits where they are. With tlie li
mited means in the power of the Executive,
instructions were given to the governor to
accomplish this object, so far as it might ho
practicable, which was prevented by tlie.dis
tressing malady referred to. To carry it
fully into effect in either mode, additional
funds will he necessary, to the provision of
which, the powers of Congress alone are
competent. With a view to such provision
as may he deemed proper, tile subject ii
submitted to your consideration, and, in ilia
interim, further proceedings are suspended.
It appearing that so much of the act, en
titled “ An act regulating the staff of the ar
my,” which passed on tlie Mill of April,
161 it, as relates to the commissariat, will ex -
pire in April next, and the practical opera
tion of that department, having evinced its
great utility, the propriety of its renewal is
submitted to your consideration.
Tire view which lias been taken ofthe pro
bable productiveness of tlie lead mines, con
nected with the importance of the material
to tlie public defence, makes it expedient
that they should lie managed with peculiar
care. It is, therefore, suggested, whether it
ccntration of every branch, with its chief in
this city, in tlie presence of tlie Department, ,v '!l '’ ot comport with the public interest, to
and with a grade in tlie chief military ; !a- provide, by law, for the appointment of an
lion, to keep alive anil cherish a militarv I agent, skilled in mineralogy, to superintend
spirit, tire greatest promptitude in the cxecti-1 them, under the direction ofthe proper dc-
tiun of orders, with the greatest economy j partment
and efficiency, are secured. The same view
is taken ol the Military Academy. Good or
deris preserved in it, and the youth are well
instructed in every seienee, connected with
tlie great objects of tin: Institution. They
ire also well trained and disciplined in tin
11 is understood that the Cumberland mail,
which was constructed nt a great expense,
has already suffered, from the want of that
regular stipei inleiidauce, and of those repairs
which are inseparable to tile preservation of
meh a work. This road is of incalculable.
sst in the Pres- practical parts of tlie profession. It has id- advantage, in facilitating the intercourse be-
e.xecution of it, ways been found difficult to control t li.e at - tween the \\ esterri and the Atlantic States,
it a correspond- dor inseparable from that, early age, in such Through it the whole country, from the
a manner as to give it a proper direction, northern extremity of Lake Ei ic to the Mis -
d
and equal advantage, it has been the object
sinecures and perpetuities, discounte- Executive, in transactions with other
nance family claims, and practice repub. | l™ s - <° the propositions of each
i- _ i \*7;n i „ . r 4 | i , with a libural spirit, believing that tlmrehv
Iican economy : \\ ill no promptly and Li,,, ; nfl , r '. , * :
. til tt i j 111** inti’iest ol our country would bo most
independently make such changes as are I effectually promoted. This course has been
consistent with liberality, merit and a (systematically pursued in the late oeeurren-
fair and equitable rotation in office ? If i ces with France and Great Britain, and in
to this they will probably resort at tire ! he will do those things, he is our man, j strict accoVd with the. views ot the legi
“Presidency. j wherever he may reside. All the can i’”"’] A confident hope, is er
didates, no doubt, intend to do well, and
each probably thinks he shall do better
than the rest. None have strictly any
claims on the people. They are all the
property ofthe republic. Yet a high
minded and generous people will, in
making a selection, exercise that liberal
and unprejudiced discretion, which is at
once the reward and the encouragement
to merit. When that selection shall
have been made, the unsuccessful can
didates will, no doubt, reflect that, the
preference instead of proving their de
The rights of manhood are too often claim
ed, prematurely, in pressing which too far,
the respect which is due to age, and the
obedience necessary to a course of study and
instruction, in every such institution, are
sometimes lost sight of. The great object
to lie accomplished, is the restraint of that
ardor by such wise regulations and govern
ment, as, hy directing all tlie energies of the
youthful mind, to the attainment of useful
knowledge, will keep it within a just subor
dination, and at the same time elevate it to
tlie highest purposes. This object seems
to lie essentially obtained in this institution,
and with great advantage to the Union.
The Military Academy forms tile basis,
in regard to science, un which the. Military
next contest for the Presidency
And how is New-England to be hr.iip-
filted by the Presidency. We once had
a President from New-England—and
sueli an administration as, vve trust, will
not be repeated. Virginia has had three
Presidents, and what lias been the bene
fit to her? A State in having the Pre
sidency, has its share. The people of
that Slate mils' be satisfied to be exclud
ed from his favors. Other States will
be watchful and jealous lest the Presi
dent shall indulge a partiality fur bis own.
To guard against suspicious so natural,
he tnay and probably will err by an ex
treme caution. Mr. Jefferson and Mr.
Randolph of Virginia were a short time
in the Department of Stale under the
administration of President Washington.
ntertained, that,
by the arrangement thus commenced with
each, all differences respecting uuiigatiou
and commerce, with the dominions in ques
tion, will be adjusted, and a solid foundation
lie laid for an active and permanent inter
course, wliicli will prove equally advantage
ous to both parties.
The decision of His Imperial Majesty the
slssippt, and from all the waters which
empty into each, finds an easy and direct
communication to the Scat ol Government,
and tlic-ncn lo the Atlantic. The facility
which it affords to all military and commer
cial operations, and also to those of the post-
office department, cannot be estimated too
highly- This great work is likewise an or
nament, and an honor to the nation. Be
lieving that a competent power to adoptaod
execute a system of internal improvement
lias not been granted to Congress, but that
such a power, ronlincd to great national
purposes, and w ith proper limitations, would
be productive of eminent advantage to our
I Union, I have thought it advisable that an
! amendment to the constitution, to that ef-
| feet, should he recommended to the several
States. A hill which assumed the right to
Establishment rests. Ii furnishes aiuuiabv
i*. i ... , , * ■ ouuvh. n. inn uivii tissuuicu me iij-.ni id
alter due examination, and on the reuort oi , . , , . , 1 •
,, . , ’ , . | adopt and execute such a system, having
the Academe, stall, many we in mined ■ , , - , ,, . “
, . been presented lor my signature, at I lie last
youths to till the vacancies which occur in n
the several corps ofthe army, while others,|
who retire to piivate life, carry with them
uch attainments, as, under the right reserv
'd to the several states to appoint the ulli
cers and to train the Militia, will enable
them, by affording a wider field for selection,
to promote the great object of the power
vested in Congress of providing for the. or-
;anizing, arming, and disciplining the Mili-
Etnpero- of Russia, on the question submit- | tia. Thus, by the mutual and harmonious
led to him by the United States and Great- j co-operation of the two governments in the
Britain, concerning the construction of the | execution of a power divided betw een them,
first Article of the. Treaty of Ghent, has been
rereived. A convention has since been eon-
eluded, between the parties, under the me
diation of His Imperial Majesty, to prescribe
deserving and well qualified men who are I ' n ’° ' d'-rt, in conformity with the d
an honor and an ornament to the nation I!” ' M.al! sulmiit this Convention to
. . . the Senate.lor its advice and consent, as lo
—who are rather postponed than reject- j llu , j, obtained, shall im-
ed, and w.iose services win continue to j mediately bring tlie subject before Corirrcss.
(EjT* The If . fi publican asserts that the
It atch/nan” in tlie Portland Argus is a
o yet in the
hut whoever
lie is, he descries the thanks of the. country
for his energetic “recurrence to funda
mental principles.” AVe might not agree
with him in one or two particulars; but the
tone of his essays is fine, and his slide is
forcible. The essays which we have repub
lished from his pen, have been txtrcuicl v
• 11 -nHi. Eaq.
By the same President was Mr. Monroe j meet the approbation o! the people, un- | for such provisions as may require the inter
appointed Minister to France ami recall- j til they shall be received to the till! tiui- I position of the Legislature
cd. Mr. Wirt of Virginia was made At-j tion and consummation of their wishes. 1 '
torney General by President Monroe.
The 2 judges of the Supreme Court,
who are Virginians, were appointed by
a New England President, and one. oil senator of the T . S.—Wo
them was, hy the same President, ap- dark as to h" real nam
pointed a Minister to France. A few
other high offices, not recollected, may
have been held by Virginians, by the ap
pointments of their Presidents. Now,
during the existence of the government,
Massachusetts lias had, now recollected,
two judges of the Supreme Court, two
In compliance with an Act ofthe la:
“ion, a Territorial Government has been es
tablished in Florida, on the principles of pur
system. By this Act, the inhabitants arc
■-.« cun-il in the full enjoyment of tlicir lights
and (ihviiics, and to admission into the U-
i'i in, with equal participation in the Govern
ment wiih thu original States, on the condi
tion heretofore prescribed !n nthcr Tenito-
rii By :i clause in the ninth Article of
the Tin aiy willi Spain, by wlrch that Terri
tory iva - ceded to the United States, it is
lipiilatcd that satisfaction shall he made fur
'la: injuries, iT any, w hiclr, hy process of law,
ball ; established t have boei ' ■ L
preset
session, 1 ivas compelled, from the view
which ( had taken of the powers ofthe Gc
ncnil Government, to negative it, on which
occasion 1 thought it prop r to communi
cate the sentiments which I had formed, on
mature consideration, cn the whole subject.
To that communication, in all the views in
which the great interest to which it relates
may he supposed to merit your attention, I
have nmv to refer. Should Congress, how
ever, deem it improper lo recommend such
ari amendment, they have, according to my
judgment, the right to keep the road in re
pair, hy providing for tile ropeiintendance of
it, and appropriating the money necessary
for repairs. Surely, if they had the right tu
appropriate money to make the road, they
j have a right to appropriate it to preserve the
road from ruin. From die exercise of this
. - , i power, no danger is to he apprehended.— •
inmost extent that circumstances will ud- \ ; mll . r 0!lr |,a,q,y system, the people are tbo
,M I sole ar.d exclusive fountain of pow er. Each
A report from the Secretary rff the Nr- government originates from them, audio
“ill communicate tlie progress wiiicli j them atone, each to its proper constituents,
has been made in the rnnstruction ot vessels l are they respectively and si ieiy responsible
•s- of war, with other interesting details, res-1 fur the faithful dischmge of tilea! duties, willl-
peeting the actual slate ol the affairs of tiiat J in their ounsl it ill 'Otiiii limits. And that tlio
Department, it has been found necessary people will coniine their public agents, of e-
I'nr the protection of uur commerce to main-1 very staliun, to that strict line of their con-
an object always to he cherished, the attain
ment of a great result, on which our liber
ties may depend, cannot fail lo lit: secured.
1 have to add that in proportion as our re- j
gnlar force is small, should the instruction!
and discipline of the Militia, the great re-
OUI'CC on which we rely, he pushed lo the
tain the usual squadrons on the Mi di
nean, the l'aeiAr, and i.iung the Atlantic
Coast, extending the crui'/rs ofthe latter in
to the Wrst-Imlies where piracy, organized
into a system, lias preyed upon the com
merce of every country trailing thither. A
I'i'u'ze. has also been maintained on the const
of Africa w hen the tensen would permit, for
tl s oppression of the Slave Tiade, and or
ders have hi en given to the commanders of
stilutional duties, there is no cause to doubt.
liming, however, c. luma Seated iiiyser.
timents to Congn sat the l ist se ion, ful
ly. in liit- document to u!j eh 1 haw refer,
red, respecting the right ('(‘up: ■ q nation, as
dr-l iet from the light ofjurisiiiction and sn.
vereignty over tin* territory in question, I
deem it improper to enlarge on the subject
From the best
union that 1 have
■eats that mtr ma»