Newspaper Page Text
Resolved. Thru thn Committee on font-
tm'i-r- ti,i i.wtuH-r. I ii> ii«i<n» im>> ilu»t*x-
ju> lj( ||ry of alulD'diiOg the existing dil
frcoi'H of two .mil » ln» 11' |»**i n nu*i
between the duties on imported goods.hi,
tlie drawback allowed on tin ir re expor
tation. And »ls.. to inquire \s bother «oon
ofthe Custom House charges, to which
ImiinrtPis mill exporters, of merchntiiliHi
nno owners of vessels tiro now subjected,
ought not to bo discontinued.
Mr. Prince submitted the following re-
polution i which also lion on the tublo till
to-morrow.
Resolveif, That the Secretary of War
Undirected to lay before tile Senate, tit us
curly n ilny as practicable, a detailed state*
tnent respuetiug the aevorol 'rihes of In
dians now resident within tile II. States
mid Territories exhibiting, as nearly as tie
nan, the number of souls, and the iiutiihar
of Anilities in each, and where each trihe
is at present located. And that he also
lay before the Senate, a statement descri
bing, as exactly ns may conYemently he
done, 'lie locH'ion and extent ot tile Se
vern,I tracts of Territory North ol lied
River, mill West of the river .Mississippi,
West of the State of Missouri, and West
of the hakes Michigan nod Superior, to
which the Indian title has been extinguish-,
edf’wi h any intormaiinii in possession of
the Department as to tiie measures now
in progress for that purpose, and the pro
bability of tun her extinguishments ot In
dian tribes, in those regions.
STANDING COMMITTEES.
On motion of Mr. Benton, the Semite
then pioceeded to ballot for the remainder
of the Standing Committees of the Se
nate five only having been yesterday e-
lecteil. The following Committees were
appointed.
On Military Affnin—Messrs- Benton, John
son of Kentucky, Barnard, . Chandler, anil
Hendrick*.
On I he Mili'in—Motors. Chandler, Marks,
Tyler, McKinley, and Branch.
On Naval Affuirs—Messrs. Huyne, Robbins,
Seymour, Woaiinury and Tazewell.
On the Public Land*— Moms. Barton, King,
Baton, Kill,, and Kane
On Private Laiul Claims—Messrs. Smith of
South Carolina, .ucKinley, I liomas, Kane, and
Barton
On Indian Affairs—Messrs. White, Foot,
King. Prince, and Benton.
On Chinis —Messrs. Buggies, Bell, Chase,
Row in » >d Webster.
. On the Judiciary—Messrs. Berrien, Seymour,
Webster, Rowan and Hayue. .
On tlie Pust Office ami Past Roads.—Messrs
Johnson of Ky., Ellis, Tyler, Johnson of Lou.
and Si'sbec.
On Pensions—Messrs. Noble, Marks, Chase,
Fool mid Prince.
On the District of Columbia—Messrs Eaton,
Bouligny, Chambers, Noble and Hidgely.
On the Conti igeut Expenses of tlie Senate—
Messrs Katie. Hendricks and Chambers,
On Engrossed Hills—Messrs. Marks, Willey,
and Huteuntn.
M ami.iv, Dec. 15.
Mr. .\bble gave notice that lie should, to
morrow, ask leave to introduce two hills;
one fur the relief of sundry otlicers and
widows ; the oilier for tha roU..f»<'omntry
officers and soldiers of the Revolutionary
army-
Mr. Benton, from the Committee on mili
tary affairs to whom the hill explanatory
of an act to reduce and fix the military
poace establishment of the United States
had fieen referred, reported the same with
out amendment.
Mr. White submitted the following reso
lution:
Resolved, That the Committee on the Ju
diciary lie instructed to enquire into the
propriety and necessity of so amending the
judicial system of the United States, ns to
place all the Stntes in n similar situation ;
and furnish to the citizens of each, an e-
qual opportunity of having a due adniims
trillion of justice.
Mr. Chandler from the Committee on
the militia, reported a hill providing for
the putc.liasc of a certain number of co
pies of infantry and rifla tactics, for the use
of the militia of the United Suites, which
was read and ordered to a second rending.
The following resolu’ion submitted by
Mr. Woodbury on Friday last, was cou-
••*ered and agreed to :
Resolved, That the Committee on Fi
nance hevjatructed to enquire into the ex
pediency ot reducing tho duties on impor
ted coffee atirt »ens.
Resolved. rVio-.,^ Ha me Committee he
instructed to enquire , |ie expediency
ot allowing :* drawback o„ *n e exporta
tion of nails, spirits and cor.lag. when
manufactured hero from foreign inatb.i.
els.
Mr. Rowan presented the petition of
certain persons, claiming redress for spo-
jiti'i'tn committed by the French prior to
18d(l ; relerreil to the Select Committee
on French spoliation.
HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES,
Thursday, Dec. 4.
The following genteltnen compose the
Standing Committees appointed by the
S makur, in pursuance of the order of the
H mse:
Off Elect Amj. Messrs. Anderson of
M aine, Alston of N. C. Claiborne of Vu.
Phelps of Conn. Slower of N. Y. Daven
port of Ohio, Randolph, of N. J.
Off 'Pays mul Afeavs.-r-Mr.asn, M’Dnffi.
of ^ C. Sprang!’ of Maine, Verpbinrk of
N. Y. Dwight of Mass. Brent of Lou. G,l-
rtii'.r of Geo. Smyth of Va.
Off Claims Messrs. McCoy of Va.
Wlnttlesay of Ohio, Rnrhar of Conn.
Clark of N. Y. Mclmiro of Maine, Knm-
Stiy of Pa. Lea of Tenn.
Of Commerce.—Messrs, Catnbreleng of
N. Y. Newton of Va. G.irltmn of Mass.
Barney ot’ AM. Hawley of N. H. Suther
land of Pa. l>e Graff of N. Y.
Off Public hands. — Messrs. Isaacs of
Tenn. Vinton of Ohio Jennings of Ind.
Duncan of III. Shepperd of N. C. Hunt
of Vt. Gurley of Lou.
On the Post Office and Post Roads.—
Messrs. McKean of I’a. Yancey of Kv.
Mirable ol’ Tenn. Corner of N. C. Magee
of N- Y. Hodges of Mum. Russell of O
bio.
Of the District off Columbia. --Messrs.
Alexander, of Va. Ingersoll of Connecti
cut Weems, of Aid. Kretner of Penn. Var
Hum of Mass. Alien of Va. Washington
of Aid.
On the, Judiciary,. m Mcmn. P. p. R a r-
v'"Vxr V, r ii n,a J ,{ucl,H, ”»'. Pa. Rives of
o V, c I .n' rr ° f Md - St0rrs
O^.W^' v -Y*>rk f Bell of ienneflsee.
w ?l Claims Messrs.
* „ / P“- Dickiosoli of N. Y. Tucker
0f N /„ t r > of P "’ He,,, y of N^H. Win-
sat.'of Maine, Slonoe of Ohio.
JJnPNV -Weasra. John-
*on of N. Yt J. k>. Barbour of Voi Ualaof
AM. Mnnnt.l of N. Y Barnard of N. V
Ipil'lley if Ohm. Cuamh rs ol Kctlturk’
On Private Loud Ch’ins.—--.Vlessr
Bui-siinr of Kentucky, Moore of Atalu
in. Ear)I of N'MV-Ynrk, Sterigoro of P
Bates, of Missouri, Nuckolls of S. '
(Slake of Iiidinoa
On Manufactures.— Messrs. Mallnryo.
Vermont, Stevenson of Pn. Coudict ot N.
.). Moore of.Kentucky, Wright ot N. A.
Stauherry of Ohio, Martin ot Soutli-Caro
linn.
On Indian Jiff airs,—Messrs. McLean,
of Ohio. Alt lire of Alabama, Carson, "
N. C. DntieK of Ky. 8,van of N. J. Lump
kin, of Georgia, and 8myth, of Indiana.
On Foreign Affairs. — Messrs. Everett,
of Alnss. Taylor, of N. Y Archer, of Va
Sergeant, of Pa. Owen, of Alabama, Polk,
of Tenn. and VVildo, of Georgia.
On military Affairs.—Messrs. Drayton,
of Sooth Carolina, Vance, ot Ohio, Desha,
of Tenn. Floyd, of Georgia, Hobbie, of N
Y. Orr,of Pa. and Buck, of Vermont.
0,1 .Ynval Affairs.—Messrs. Hoffman,
ofN. Y. Bartlett, of N. II. Crowninshield,
of Alnss. Carter, of 8. C. Miller of Pa.
Dorsey of Md. and Ripley, of Maine.
On Agriculture.—Messrs. Van Rensse
laer, of N. Y. Roane, of Va. Wilson, of
Aid. Barlow, of P.i. Alarlindnle, of N. A.
Met win, of Conn, and Culpeper, of N. C.
On the Territories.—Messrs. Strong, ol'
New-Yotk, Clarke, of Ky. Wright, «d
Ohio, Green, of Pa G arrow, of New-York,
Armstrong, of Vn. and Fort, of Georgia.
On Military Pensions. • Messrs. Much
ell ot' Tennessee, Hates of Ma-saciise'ts,
Lawrence of Pennsylvania, Long of Norm
Carolina, Lfluouqite of Kentucky, For
ward of Pennsylvania, Alarkoii of Neiv-
York.
Off Revisnl and Unfinished Business.—
Messrs. Penn.-e of Rhode Island, Real ol
Massachusetts, Pierson, of N iw-Jcrsey.
Of Accounts.— Alessrs. Allen of Al tssa-
chuseits, Plant of Connecticut, Anderson
of Peiiusylvtuiiu.
On Hoads and Canoh.—Messrs. Merrer
of Virginia, Stewart of Penusylvaliia, Bry
an of Nf. Carolina, Woods o,' Ohio, Mai-
viu of New-York. Barker of New Hamp
shire, iiuinmn of Manic.
On Fifth Census.— Alessrs. Storrs of
New-York, Bnchspun of Pennsylvania,
Holmes of North Carolina, Little ot M.in
land, It mil l of Ki uuieky,|Jolms of Debt
ware, Duncan of Illinois.
On the Militia.— .Messrs. Thompson ol
Georgia, Findlv of Otiio, Ward of New
York, Mcllntion of Kentucky, Tucker ol
South Carolina, Taliaferro of Virginia,
King of Peunsylvau a.
Friday. Dec.. 5.
PURCHASERS OF PUBLIC LANDS.
On motion of Air. Wright of Ohio, ii
was Resolved, That the Committee on
Public Lands be instructed to inquire
into tlie expediency of extending the be
nefits of tlie act of Congress, of ill.
•J.fil Mny, I8’28, entitled “An net for tin
relief of purchasers of public lands, tlini
have reverted for non payment ol tin
liurol»Huo iiiunny,” to iliiise purchasers
that have relinquished tracts of land in
payment, on which greater sums had been
paid, til a ii the stuns due to the U. States,
tor the payment of which they were re
linquished.
FUGITIVE SLAVES.
Mr. Mctiatton moved the following re
solution, which was read, and laid on thi
mble one day, under the rule : Resolved.
That the President of the United Stater
be requested to inform this House wheth
er, by virtue of a resolution, passed on
the 10th day of Mny lust, lie lias entered
into any, ami, if any, wlinl negotiation
with the British Government 1 relative to
tlie surrender of Slaves who may have
taken refuge within tle> Canadian provtii
ces, belonging to said Government.
SALT AND MOLASSES.
Air. Long moved the following resolu
tion: Resolved, That the Committee on
Manufactures he instructed to inquire in
to tlie expediency of reducing the duly on
Molasses and Suit.
Tlie question being taken to agree to
iliis resolution, it was negatived, 35 rising
in tlie allinnative, and 102 in tlie negative.
PENSIONERS.
On motion of Air. .ifitchelt, of Tennes
see, it was Resolved, Tim', the hill of this
House, reported at the last Session, No.
lull, for the relief of sundry officers, sol
tliers, and widows; and the hill No. 283,
for the relief of sundry revolutionary ami
other officers and soldiers, amt for other
purposes, as the said bills were past by
House, together with all tlie papers in
relation ,h er ,.io, be referred to the Com
mittee on lAAimry Pensions.
Monday, D-'c. 8.
Air. Gilmer moved the fiillnwitig resolu
tion, which was reud, and luid un the ta
ble, viz:
Resolved, That the Secretary of War
l.e directed to inform tlie House of Repre
sentatives wliat numbers of appointments
have licet) annually made in the regular
army since 1820, designating particularly
the number made in‘the Corps of Engi
neers, and also the Regiments of Artillery ;
and that lie also inform tlie House ot the
numbers of Cadets, educated at West
Point, who, since 1820, received commis
sions in the Army after the expiration of
tlie five years that they were bound to
coajioueiu sorvjce ; and also the numbeis
ol' Officers now in the Army who entered
it as Cadets at West Point; and also, that
lie inform the House whnt number of Ca
dets, it would be necessary to educate at
West Point, in order to supply all tlie va
cancies iu tlie Army by Cadets, also what
number, iu order to supply the vacancies
in tlie Corps of Engineers, and also those
in the Artillery regiments; and that tlie
Secretary of War he requested to report
to this House such plan as lie may think
most practicable, to compel such persons
as may he appointed Cadets at West Point,
to continue in the Military service of the
United Stales, and for so modelling the
West Point Academy ns to make the num
ber of Cadets to be annually educated at
that place, correspond ns near as practi
cable with the number of vacancies which
annually occur in the Army of the United
Stales.
DUTY ON SALT.
Mr. Conner moved the following resolu
tion :
Resolved, That the Committee on Aln-
nufaeiures tie instructed to inquire into
the expediency of reducing the duly on
Suit.
The question on ngreeing to this resolu
tion was decided, without dehntc, by yeas
and nays, as follows :—Yeas 75—Nays 9!).
Monday, Dec. 15.
Air. Cambreleng presented a petition,
signed by inhabitants of the City of
New-Yorlt, pravins for the imposition of
i duty on i i t- a -bib's.
Mr. I Pa I, (of New-York,) called the
, cutnin -if the House to the memorial
vhirh he hail the honor to present on
I t idily last, fitii) wldrh had been (hen re-
cted. lie expressed his r mviclion that
“ House could not. possibly have fully
unlerstood the subject of it at the time ii
vas first pr ipote-d tty him. It was from a
numerous and resnectnblo body of grtb-
tlctnen, officers in ilia late war with Great
Britain ; and if it were not inconsistent
with th* orders of the House,'he siioUltl
ag on stili mt the resolution.
The following was- the resolution, which
was agreed to without a dissenting, voice.
Resolved, That the memorial of the of
ficers of the army, in the late war will)
Great Britain,' heretofore presented, for
grams ot land, together with the favora
ble repo tiof tho Helect Committee there
on, iio referred to tho Committee oh Pub
lic (.lints.
Mr. White presented to thpHouse, a pro
test froui the Legislative Council of Flori
da, again the proposed boundary line to
bo run between that Territory and the
State of Georgia.
J'he following resolution proposed by
Air. Taylor,on Frnloy, and ordered to lie
;• the table for one day, wgs adopted :
Resolved, That the 8«cretnry of the
Tre isiiry he directed to report to this
Mouse, the names of the officers, tum-com-
oiissioned officers, musicians and privates,
ii whom have been extended the provis
ions of the act for the relief of certain*
surviving officers ami soldiers of the ar
my of the revolution, approved 15th May,
1888, tlie tine to which each belonged,
with his rank therein, the sum annually
payabln to each, and the Stale or Territo
ry in win h he resided at tlie time of ap
plication.
na MonsfRANca
To the Stales in favor of the Tariff-—reported
from the Committee on the Slate of the Re
public—hy Mr. Howard, of Baldwin—and n-
greed to in both branches of the Legislature-
To the People of the Stales in favor of prohibi
ting importations, ns a policy for the encour
agement of Domestic tJamifnclures:
To preserve the Union of these Slates,
and the full enjoyment of that happiness
which is secured to us all by u holy regard
o the Constitution, is deemed an object
if sufficient magnitude to justify an Ad
dress, friendly iu its character, and bro
therly in its objects, from one part of the
pnliticnl family to the other.
The people of Georgia believe the cri
sis to Ii ii vu hi rived, when it becomes no-
c-senrv, through their representatives, to
express to you, in language of sincerity
at d truth, then- views and feelings upon
the great'question which seriously affects
> I.- interest of a large portion of thuCoti-
f leracy, and ngirates the feelings of the
whole. It is not for the purpose of mnk-
rig captio is objections to tlie exercise by
(Vnigress of legitimate powers, that we
■laim your attention—But with an ardent
nope, founded upon tlie iutelhi'eiicd, vir-
’ue, and love of common country which
reigns among the people, of bringing the
public servants hack to that republican
simplicity, in tiie administration of our af
fairs which marks, sustains, and adorns
hi political institutions, and is tlie only
soil guard to liberty. Tiie nature and ex
tent of our political associations cannot
' - misunderstood liy any one who will
•(ward sectional interest, and dispel from
his mi id the mists and prejudices produc
ed liy its deceptive influence.
That the relation in which we stand to
wards each inner, may lie distinctly un
derstood and acknowledged, it is Only ne
cessary to review our several situations
previous io any political alliance ivitii
each other. From our earliest coloniza-
o oi we wire of kindred blood, and km-
■b ed in principle, and close connexions in
pure love of liberty—Our primary politi-
•al connexion had its origin in tiie oppres
sions of tlie mother country — A\ e resisted
aggressions upon our unalienable rights,
and with n ferver that thrilled through
every heart, joined our fortunes, our lives,
and our s c v.l honor, in ilie declaration
of our independence, and the achieve
ment of onr liberties. Providence hal
lowed the undertaking, and victory sealed
our triumph; and each of us was nc-
kuowledgtda free, independent, utid sove
reign State.
To secure the blessings of liberty ta
ourselves ami onr posterity, we formed
that Constitution, against the provisions of
which no Georgian was ever heard to til
ler u murmur of complaint. )( wns by
that Constitution we expected to he go
verned iu our relations with foreign go-
veriunents, and with each other as 8tntes,
or Independent Communities. The pen-
pie of Georgia wish neither to deny or to
withdraw any power winch they have
granted. They love and venerate tlie
ConstitutHin, as they believe a tenacious
adherence to Ii is the only security to the
prosperity, the liheriivu, the glory and
the happiness of all the States; and that
upon its perpetuation, in its native purity,
tlie principle and progress of fraegovern-
ueut in tlie w hole World depend. In the
legal exercise of the powers conferred in
that instrument, there is not a dissenting
voice in Georgia—But it is tlie miscon
struction and abuse of those (lowers that
is sought to lie redressed. The sovereign
ty of tiie State Governments was never
intended to lie given up or impaired,
any oilier mnntn-r than that expressed iu
the Constitution, and was retained am
cautiously guarded, both liy the limited
and special grants of power in tlie Cm»-
siitiilion, and by the insertion in that in
struuieni of the following articles—“ Tin
enumeration in the Constitution of certain
righ s, shall not lie construed to dispar
age others retained by tlie people.”—And
“ the powers not delegated to the United
States by the Constitution, nor prohibitei
by it to the Suites, nre reserved to thi
Slates respectively, or to the |«op|e.”—
These articles wero intended ns express
limitations to tho Gent-rat Government;
and explicit reservations to tiie State Go
vernments of every power not granted.
Tlie language is too plain to tail in expres
sing the object of the Convention. It
cannot then be belicvtd, notwithstanding
the warmth and earnestness with which ir
has been contended, tliai tlie State assen
ted to any power being given to the Na
tional Government, but those which were
expressed and those which wore strictly
necessary and proper to carry such ex
press (lowers into effect.
A system of measures not contemplated
particular parts of the country, and the
idvaiteetnent of sectional interests. T ,e-<-
■in ii’Uires, of whatever kind or nhlirti tc
are justly objectionable —as they can onli
>e supported hv furred consMuctiuri' of
Mie Constitution, and are partial and op-
tnvsiive in their operation; among th^tn
may he included that system, which hue
been in progress for years, of levying hea
vy duties,to exclude from our ports, mam
articles of general commerce, for tiie pur
pose of encouraging ami protecting tli"
manufacturing interest, in exclusion to the
other grent branches of industry.
If it wero inexpedient only, oppressive
ami ruinous ns it is to our interests, we.
should not use this method of opposing it.
The repeal ol' tho measure would he
sought in a different way : but when it is
an open and violent infraction of onr Com
pact, we have u eight which wc will ne
ver surrender, to demand its repeal. It is
not presumed that you will continue to
confide in those who persevere in the ex
ercise of n power which has never hoen
granted them —If it has been grunted, it
is open to public view ; there are no se
crets iu the Constitution—-but for tlie nu
thority which it confers, the National Go
vernment would not exist. Its power is
based upon tlie Constitution alone, and
has no auxiliary—Where then, we may
confidently ask you, is tiie power granted,
either expressed or implied, either in let
ter or aph it, to pass laws to create, extend,
and protect a particular branch ol' indus
try to the prejudice of other interests of
equal importance to the people, anti of
equal advantage to tho Nation? It can
not lie denied Mint this is tlie effect of pro
teeting duties, and that it wus intended to
be the effect, as prices of all articles upon
which duties are paid nre obviously en
hanced to the extent of tlie duty imposed.
Is the right claimed by Congress fairly
derivable from the power granted to levy
taxes, luy imposts, &e. The object to be
obtained by this (lower iR very clear—It
wns to enable the government to raise a
revenue to defray expenses, indirect tax
es being considered a better mode of rais
ing funds than direct, because they b>-.-i
most heavily upon those who have most
ability to pay thorn. That power was
likewise given to Congress to prevent the
injustice which would have resulted to
tho non-importing States, by paying their
indirect taxes into the coffers of import
ing States,and at tho same time through
direct taxation upon their people, to fur
nish their quota of the disbursements of
the government. It was not in contem
plation of the framers of the Constitu
tion, that a power to raise revenue should
he exercised to destroy it. The Conven
tionof Harrisburg, who mot to goad Con
gress to the lute desperate expedient for
tho establishment of the monopoly of the
manufactures, knew full well, while re
commending an increase of duties, that a
decrease of revenue would he the tmnu
diale, nod the annihilation of it, the Jinal
result, if their wi-dies were accomplished f
and gave occasion to the subterfuge used
in Congress to evade the question of Con
siitutional power, by rendeting-it iiYipritc-
licable for tlie judges of the supreme court
to ascertain tlie true object of the net pas
sed, without looking to the motives of its
advocates, which unhappily as it regards
tins net, they do not consider themselves
authorised to examine.
Tiie Constitution declares that the im-
nosts sliull be uniform throughout the U,
8i.ues. That declaration was intended to
protect the States from any partiality and
advantage winch might otherwise have
heeti extended to one tpiHrter of tiie coun
try, by making the imposts greater at one
port than another. VViiut is the difference
in effect, if you insist through tluu power
to levy such excessive duties us will give
the interest of one part of the community,
an advantage over thatof another; though
that end : s not accomplished tiy imposing
greater duties at. some ports than at others,
yet you desire to attain tlie same object by
their excessive inquisition and increase.
Is the right to protect manufactures
claimed under the power to regulate eom-
neroe ? It is true Congress has the power
to regulate commerce with foreign nations,
and among the several States, and witli the
Indian tribes. This (tower was given to
enable Congress to carry into effect the
commercial treaties with foreign uuLioue.
and render them uniform throughout all
tlie Stntes to save tlie perplexity which
would iiave arisen by each Stute retaining
tlie (lower of making its own commercial
regulations with foreign nations, and will
the states, which without such a grant of
(tower would not have been effected.—
That clause was never intended to vest
tlie right, nor can it be legitimately infer
red from it, tliut Congress had the power
of legislating upon internal concerns and
interest of Hie people of tiie several states.
It was only intended to regulate our rtda
lions between tho whole of tlie states us
one body and foreign governments, and
our commerce with each other ns state
or independent communities. If under
that grant of power, the right of passing
laws for the protection of munufuctiires
can be justified, a continuance of jjie prin
ciple, and an extension of the 'practice,
will lead to tho entire extirpation of the
very commerce which that clause was in
serted to regulate. If it he your interest
to lay such interdicting duties us to exclude
one article, iiy the same rule you may ex
clude another, and go on excluding until
you completely inhibit tlie importation of
every species of foreign manufacture.—
diiould you continue to cluim the right of
excluding nil articles which, it is your inte
rest iu iiiamifucliire,you will not nor cannot
deny tlie same right to othersections of tiie
Union. We might upon our part, insist
■1(10(1 such a duty on sugnr, rum, and
molasses, ns to prohibit tiie importation
of those articles; uml though we might
not lie able ul once to furnish a sufficient
supply for the consumption of tlie whole
Union, it would he no decisive argument
against us, since it is ulways in our power
to retort upon you tlie favorite answer of
the manufacturers—'“ It is t-ue we cannot
at present furnish what is required for the
consumption of the tuition, and tlie people
will pay higher for these articles of neces
sity ; but givo us our owu prices long
enough, and we shall furnish them much
cheaper than they are now afforded, to the
great benefit of tiie country, and the en-
eourngement of American industry.”
Other sections of tlie country havin"
the same right, would require prohibitory
duties upon their favored products or ma
nufactures ; and if protection he granted
by the Constitution, have been adopted | to all, us justice requires it should he if
and pertinaciously pursued liy Congress, grinned to any, the inference is irresistihlo
huviug for its object tho improvement of fi' ut l l*° commerce with foreign nations so
•rv* X
fnr as regards tReir importations,
be. in an atpl ; it'fpllowr. rk a i
dins, quettce, thai all foreign conimc
would tie entirely cut ott'. Aluuey is <>..
tlie medium of exchange, and no nation
will find it to be Iter interest to buy oiti
exports, unless we receive theirs in re
turn.
If the system cannot be justified in tin
general, upon tlie principles of our govern
ment, it cannot be in pari —It is not rea
sotting upon extreme eases, and if it were
it is not nn illegitimate lost of coneiiluiioi,
al principle. s
Whenever a powor is exercised by Con
gross, which is not granted, it Is nn as
sumption of authority by that body, dan
geroiistn thn liberties of the people, buich
every assumption of power is an net ol
despotism.
The intention mid letter of the Consti
tution, were to preserihe within certain
defined limits, the power of the General
Government, and not to consolidate tl
power of the state sovereignties. If the
latter was the real government, no mat
ter how arbitrary and pnrtinl might be
its measures, they would nevertheless lie
the law, us the majority would rule. But
while^ the Constitution is to regulate the
power of Congress, any act which is in
contravention of that instrument is ille
gal, and tint binding even though it may
have been passed unanimously, and twen
ty-three out of twenty-four Slates should
assent to it. 11 To provide for the genern!
welfare,” m nn expression in the consti
tution by virtue of which it has been con
tended, that any law would be constitu
tional which, in the opinion of Congress,
wnnid redound to the general interest.
From nn inspection of the instrument,
this, so far from being a grant of power, is
the designation of one object to lie effected
by powers specially and distinctly grant
ed in the Constitution. Tlie Convention
never intended to grant power by this
clause : if it had, there would have been
no need of tiny other article in the consti
tution—If it were stnnding alone and re
ceived the construction given to it hy those
who claim unlimited control for the na
tional councils, it would of itself render
every article in tjiat instrument nugatory
—Indefinite in its extent, it would give, it
it gave any tiling, unlimited authority.—
Establish its claim as an nittlioritativn nr
tide, and it will justify any thing and eve
ry thing which Congress ntlglii pretend to
believe would ptomoie the genernl wel
fare.
The interest of one Stale was never in
tended to be sacrificed to tliut ofthe others
—Climate,soil, and customs, hate prescri
bed ditfereutoccnpations and pursuits suit
able to the situation and condition of each.
If it he the interest of any part of the con
federacy, to manufacture, let them pursue
those vocations in peuce to which their
genius and circumstances direct; it is not
though expected that they will by legisla
tive enactments, continue to require the
agriculturalist to make sacrifiuee to an.
Imnce the products of their labor. Such
pretensious are foreign from the spirit ol
tiie compact. VVe have as much right to
lay a prohibitory duty upon tiie hogs, hor
ses, and nudes of Kentucky and Ohio, to
promote the encouragement of raising
those animals, as the General Govern
ment has to prohibit foreign goods to pro
mote the manufacture of them in a parti
cular section ; or that Kentucky should
vote for n duty on bagging to compel us to
(isy a greater price for the article. The
whole prohibitory system is founded in er
ror, and humanity weeps over the fading
patriotism of those who sordidly pursue
their own interest at the expese and utter
sacrifice of the holy principles of liberty
aud tlie constitution
The people of Georgia are fully sensi
ble of the impositions which nre heaped
upon them hy the extravagant construc
tions and perversions of tlie powers dele
gated to the United States, and regret that
they have causes of complaint too well
founded to be removed by argument, or ti
be softened by explanation. Lot iis roctir
to the inducements which wero held out
the great objects to be attnined by our po
litical connexion. The Constitution was
adopted to form a tnoro perfect union, es
tablished justice, ensure domestic tranquil
ity, to provide for the common defence,
promote tlie general welfare, and to secure
the blessings of liberty to ourselves and
posterity. Can it be suid that the antici
pations of our forefathers, who looked to
effect these objects by the instrumentality
of the Constitution, are realised, when our
interests are made subservient to a grow
ing monopoly—Isjusliceestablished, when
we nre required not only to buy the pro
ducts of your labor at yout own price,
but to suffer by the same compulsory ar
rangement the loss of u grent market, and
a depreciation nf price for our own ? Is
it reasonable to'expeci n more perfect Un
ion, when ih interest of a portion of tliut
Union is wholly disregarded, and made the
subject of depredation by tlie other part ?
Can tranquility he ensured among it peo
ple who are reminded of their injuries und
oppressions hy repeated infractions of
their compacts and solemn engagements?
Is tlie genernl welfare promoted by a stu
dious aud systematic course of legislation,
w hich lias for its object the promotion and
encouragement of a particular branch of
industry at the expense of fill others? And
will the blessings of liberty to ourselves
and posterity be secured, if the violence of
irritated feelings, anil a sense of that misery
and degradation which, if the limitations
of the Constitution are not more strictly
observed, must be our portion, should pro
duce such convulsions ns to rend in twuin
the Temple of Liberty ?
When we entered the confederacy, it
was for the protection of our rights, and
we were particularly cautious to grant no
power by which they might be either dis
regarded or abused ; and if instead of that
protection, they nre abandoned, and made
tiie sport of the self interest of our nearest
& dearest friends, we must as we did under
British domination, seek an effectual reme
dv— this we shall he compelled most reluc
tiintly to do, if these partial and unconsti
tutional measures are persevered in, with
out fear of imputation from onr contempt*
rnries.or the impartial scrutiny of posteri
ty. But does not the heart of philanthropy
sicken nt the prospect, that the American
Constitution, justly esteemed by the friends
of freedom throughout the world, as the
great monument of the genius and patri
otism of the last century, i9 in danger of
being torn hy manufacturing cupidity from
its high jilace, while some of the immor
tal men wAiose hands aided in its elevation,
are yet on earth to witness and deplore
the sacrilegious desd.
"• ^ r?so?r>J!Vlmt tfie Ovm
f'qtipi
nionsirnifre to the Governors of n r
ib. 801 tlie »fcv
C(l In fnrwurl 11 C0|
B to
ral Stales.
V*
*
erijftr tie
' “f !(•<' for, g
protest
To the Senate of the United Sim., ,
. $ tnteo f Georgia, ngninst thi 'p:,di) '
From a painful conviction tl,,,,
festation ofthe publics,.mie,cm tT?
most imposing and imprcssR-p f,,.,' , 11
h'd lor by the present agitated state of’tl
Southern section of the Union : 1,1
The General Assembly of thes lnt ,
Georgia have deemed it t|, P i r (
dopt tho novel expedient of n .|,i/ ' 1
in tlie name of the State, the s„n ", S " ,
the United Stntes. ’ " en,lle c
In her sovereign character, the fl,
Oeorgin protest against the Act 0 f th
Session of Congress, entitled nil •> , :*
alteration ofthe several Aetfi1i„i,o„;,'IV'
ties on imports,” as deceptive i„ "
fraudulent in its pretexts, oppre s *i V p .
exactions, partiul and unjust in i, s ' llt
tions, unconstitutional in its well it, 1,
objects, ruinous to commerce ai„|
tore,—to secure n hateful motion,,| v ,
combination of importunate Altt„ U f„„,
ers.
Demanding the repeal of nn Act whi .
has already disturbed the Union,*
gered the public tranquility, wenll,
the confidence of whole States in ,| 10
eral Government, and
lection of large masses
eral Government, and ilitninisheil
lection of large masses of the People n i’,i
Union itself,—and the abandon,,,,!,„ 'c ,
degrading system which considers tlie,In
(tie ns incapable of wisely dirccii, 1,
own enterprise which setsttaCer'
vnnts of the People, in Congress 7'
exclusive judges of what pursuits are
advantageous and suitable for tl, 0sp Y
whom they were elected; the Snu/r
Georgia expects, that in perpetual
mony thereof, this deliberate nu,l 6n u, '
expression of her opinions, will be S
billy preserved among the Archives,if ,u
Senate, and, in justification of her cl,am
ter to the present generation „„,( ,„ , '
temy ; if, uniortunately, Congress, <(L
gardiug- this protest, anil continuim.
pervert powers granted for clearly ii.-fL|
and well understood purposes, to eff,.cl,
ate objects never intended, by ,(,«
lart.es liy whom the Constitution
tanned, to l.e entrusted to tho controliiK
guardianship of the Federal Govern,am
should render necessary, measures „f
cisive character, for the protection of the
I cople of the State, and tlie vindication of
tho Con t tution of tlm United States.
Resolved by the Senate and House of Re.
prrsentalivcs ofthe State off Georgia, in ( x .
ncrnl Assembly met, That the foregoing ,, n .
test he signed hy the President of the S',
hate, by the Speaker of tlie House of IP-
presentatives, and by his Excellency do
Governor ; and after having the Uieit
Moil of the State affixed to it, be trails-
nutted by the Governor, to the Semite sf
tlie Congress of the United States.
To the Editors of the .Vat. Intelligence).
A striking coincidence.—Tlie effect of
the singular coincidence of the. deeeawof
the two Patriarchsnf'tlic Revolution, rais
ed a sensation which vibrated through,ut
our country, and excited the surprise nf be
world. AVe have to notice another evnt
of the same kind, of men who “in life wire
united, and In death were not divide).”
Col. Aaron Benjamin, and Major Josch
Wheaton, both died on Sunday the 2?4
ult. In the war of the Revolution they
served iu the same line, aud shared the
dangers of the same battles. During the
last war they were both again found m the
service of their country, aud discharged
with youthful zeal their various and res
ponsible duties. On tlie close of war,
1815, they exchanged their swords furilio
pen, aud received appointments in tho
Treasury Department.—They were loca-
tp.d in the same room, and constantly asso
ciated in all the amenities of. public and
private life. About two years since, Ma
jor W. came to the Office labouring under
strong mental derangement; his friend,
Col. Benjamin, took him home, and on bis
return said, “ he believed the Major and
himself were about to follow their cam-
panions to the tomb.” About mid-day Its
remarked, “that lie would go home sad
die among his children. 1 ’—life leh Wash
ington tlie next morning for Hartford,
Connecticut, and Moj. Wlcaton never re
sumed his place in the Office; thus Uiese
soldiers aud friends closed their official
duties on the same day ; and both, on the
23d ultimo, sunk to tlmt quiet rest winch
will only he broken by the clangour of the
lust trumpet.
So strep the In arc, who-sink to rest,
liy alilheir Country s uishc-i Med. >■•
EXTR AO R DIN A R Y A B5T l N ENCE
A case of extraordinary suffering H,uI
abstinence lately occurred in this villa?®'
On Saturday evening, the 8th of Novel' 1 '
her, during a storm of wind nud ram, &
struggling man in sailor’s dress, came in
to the tnvern of Mr. Samuel Cnrintn/,near
the Fulton Ferry, and nsltoil i! ha roii <
have lodging. On nsc*rtaning his df
titute condition, Mr. C. gave him 801
supper and showed linn the way ' at0
barn where, he could sleep comforts y
among the hay. Such a circlin' 81111 ’^
was very common, and ws« quite " r .f°
ten, by Air. C. who, on the following
day took a load of liny into the bMn » ...
a few days after another. Tim P® 0 .
ferer thus luy under tlie hay until ■
the 25th, at 2 o’clock it. ti.e n«e rn00 "’ “
ing nearly sixteen days! ! **°-' v i la L|
rently sick when he went into the 1 >’
when taken out had nearly tho II I ,
nnceof a dead man with a iotrg, 1
utterly helpless. He was instant y
ed and nourished, nml sent 1° j,
house, and is now able to walk
appears that bis name is John "
415 years old, and lately discharged n
the United States* service. He BW-J
rnl apples and some chesnuts n ‘ ,
ets, which is all the nourishment he
have received.—Brooklyn Star.
Horrid Affa.R. ; TI.h Pi'r'*^
-ost horrid transaction,
lately near Pittsborough, u Lhatm
ty, aU thus detailed in a letter g ^
tletnan, of that place, to b« f»et»«
‘°“One ofthe mosteltocldnB^J^j^
been committed •» our 01 f a le^tind"
which you have ever hoard. A^,^
Clark, sou of Silas Clark, « al1 ,, (*„!
on Monday morning '“*•°S £,«„ .Iff