Newspaper Page Text
. .iously expressed, that he had been misinform-
•d a? to the combination and conspiracy. I in
formed him of your unequivocal amt positive de-
,|i„| of the fact, and communicated every thing
uieh transpired between us calculated to satisfy
his mind on the subject. It tvas this report o(
m ;,, e that gave him satisfaction, and changed his
feeling* and determination—not his ground as you
'have supposed ; with me he had no ground to
change. lie had assumed none except {but which
I linve stated ; nor did I ever make use of such an
expression to you that he hud changed his ground.
is true that I informed you that the Presi
dent tvas'very much excited, but I do not now re-
, ollect the precise language used to convey iny
idea of that excitement. I presume vou had the
advantage of your private memoranda when you
w y l compared him to a roaring Lion.
You attribute to me another declaration which
[ never made—thnt on our way to Mr. Berrien’s
I stated that the President had informed me that
he would invite Mr. Branch, Mr. Berrien, and
.•ourself, to meet him on the next Friday, when
i ie would inform you of his determination in the
presence of Dr. lily. I never received or commu-
nioated such an idea. >
The paragraph is substantially collect when
(hut partin reference to Dr. Ely is expunged.
It is true, in some of our various conversations,
the name of Dr. Ely was mentioned,but in connec-
tion with another part of the subject. The Presi
dent informed me that when the rumors against
Maj. F.nton and his family had been opened to
hi,,', hy Dr. Ely, he had invited the accusers to
make good their charges, and that they had failed
—this is the substance of tlint part of our conver
sation in which Dr. Ely’s name was mentioned.
Again, you say I called at your house about fi o’
clock, when we walked to Mr. Berrien's. The
fact is, that you called for me at my lodgings a
that his wife left hint two or three years since,
in consequence of his inhuman treatment of
herself, since which time, his sister lias hud
charge of his family. Ilis wife left with him
two children, which lie frequently abused in
a most shameful manner—his sister feared to
remonstrate with him, lest she should fall a
victim to his ungovernable temper, upon which
he placed no restraint. On Saturday morn
ing last, he took his oldest child to his room
fur the purpose of punishing it—nothing seri
ous however, was apprehended hy tho family,
until the child was heard to utter the most
piercing cries, upon which Miss Torry went
fh the door of the room, but finding it locked,
returned without gaining admittance. VVliat
took place in the family from this time until
the following morning, we are not able to
state. As usual, Torry on Monday morning
opened his store and commenced business,
first having directed one of his hired men to
go for a friend of his, who lived a short dis
tance off, stating that he wanted him to assist
him, bat in what he did not say. The man,
from what he had seen and heard during the
preceding day, suspected all was not right,
and instead of doing as directed, he commu
nicated his suspicion to a neighbor, who went
immediately to Tony's house, and on inqui
ry, learned that the door of the room where
the child was last heard, was still locked ; he
immediately broke open the door. What a
spectacle presented itself!
The wails of the room were besmeared with
blood!—In the bed lay the lifeless corpse
of the child; its head literally bruised to
bout that time, by a previous appointment. This 1 pieces—the skull bone was broken in, and one.
is a mistake in a matter of fact of no great iinpor- ■ t .y C ,, one . which from marks 0*11 the face, had
lance, except to show how eas.lv we forget. II; s< i; (l “ nlll ,/„ v/w
we thus diner in mailers of fact, bow much more
liable to differ as to words ; and still more asto the
evidently been kicked out.
Torry, we learn, lias been safely lodged in
time, manner and circumstances in w liich these | { l |e jail at Canandaigua, where he will be left, 0 f ours—to see such waste ami havoc, such strife
words have been introduced, and still more ailo j until his trial, a prey to the gnawings ot a and fuss whdre peace anJ plenty's always bee
iy we presume to the peculiar state of the at
mosphere at the time. Credulity and super
stition iu times past viewed every phenome
non of this kind as an omen of good or
evil; but in this more enlightened age we at
tribute to natural causes those singular ap
pearances of the Heavenly bodies, for which
Philosophy cannot satisfactorily account.
—:ooooo:—
We have been requested to publish, as ad
monitory to candidates, so much of the oath
prescribed to members of the Legislature as
relates to treats, canvassing, <Jkc. It is as fol
lows :
“ I, A. B. do solemnly swear, or affirm, (as the
case my be,) that I have not obtained my electi
on by bribery, treats, canvassing, or other undue
or unlawful means, used by myself, or others by
my desire or approbation, for that purpose ; and
tbai I consider myself constitutionally qualified as
a Senator or Representative,’’ &.o. &c.
—:ooo0:—
Mr. Calhoun's friends in the City of New-
York held a meeting on the Uth inst., the re
sult of which was his nomination for President.
This will he followed up by other nominations
to the same effect, unless his late publica
tion should discourage the Vice-President's
friends.
—:oooo:—
ron tiie nEcoitm.n.
THE FORCE OF CIRCUMSTANCES !
A Dialogue upon the present alarming crisis of
oar Stale Administration—wherein the cause
therefor is most clearly exhibited, and a sovereign
remedy most deferentially suggested.
Traveller—Out upon my stars, were cYer such
times seen afore!
Fanner— Times friend I Where and what?
Traveller—Why right here in this good old Slate
saya, since the institution of ceils for the con
finement of the convicts separately at night, the
re-commits are few, and fur the last year none.
There have been discharged from the Peni
tentiary here at die expiration of their senten
ces 1£4 convicts, and M3 have been pardoned
by the Executive ; out of the number thus
discharged, 272, only six are now there for
a second olfence. I ask Becc.aria or any one
else, what has become of the 2G0 that,have
been discharged ? Have they quit the State'!
force; without leaving the Union; still remain
ing a member of llio Union; subject to all its
laws, but the one nullified, ami partuking of all
its benefits.
7. lie thinks the present Tariff unjust, uncon
stitutional and oppressive.
8. He thinks that the payment of the National
Debt is the crisis; that tho South will take no
steps for self-redress, until it is ascertained that the
Tariff will not be accommodated to mere reve
nue pupoacs, the debt being paid off.
t). He thinks the approaching session of Con
none have been reformed), which shews con- j„... i„tiie midst of the crisis,
elusively that the certainty ot punishment by j ]o. He does not expressly define his remedy if
confinement in the Penitentiary lias more ter- j the Tariff is persisted in, hut we cofljeeiurc it to
). he annulment of tho law by jury or Convention.
ror to the vicious, than the gallows or whip
ping-post, with the chances of escape for the
want of prosecution, &e.
When the Penitentiary first went into ope
ration, the commitment for the first four years
were 159 convicts, for the last four years there
has been committed 113, making a difference
in thijjast four years of 40 less than the first
four y&rs, although the State has increased
in pop^ktion more than ouc half; does not
this sh^Hhat the Penitentiary has some ter
rors on tlifl^mls of the vicious, knowing that
if they viol^B^ic laws of (lie land that a resi
dence in thl^feiitcntiary for r. term of years
is their certai^™"
11. He is indisposed to resort tc any remedy by
state authority ut present; until it is seen it the
early extinction of the national debt will not lead
to 11 modification of the Tariff.
12. Hu is a friend to manufacturers, and dispos
ed to give them all possible incidental protection.
A late Londonjiaper announces the settle
ment of the claims of our m^chants on the
French government:—Our readers will recol
lect, that under Napoleon’s Berlin and Milan
decrees, several vessels, the property of sub
jects of tho United States, were seized by the
French, and burnt, or condemned as prizes,
between the years 13CGstnd 1812. For these
As Bcccaria^^Brdestroying the Penitent!-1 outrages the American Government, through
1 if I understand him, he Mr.Wr
ary establishmciT
is against sanguiiiMFpunishmcnt, 1 trust that
he will favor tho public with a code of crimi
nal laws, thnt will have a decided effect to pro
vent crimes and to reform the viciou
objection to the Penitentiary is on the
anion, its Consul General in France,
demanded reparation of the French Govern
ment, but, notwithstanding the energetic per
severance of Mr. Warden, Napoleon p'rotract-
liis | v( | the negotiation until his own downfall.—
round l The application was renewed on the accession
-Village Chronicle.
THE RECORDER.
zuEix.E.xisaxtviZrX.s:
> 1 do say, intolerable
Farmer—Who’s b
lie friend, who's tie ?
Traveller What, don't know him I You suffer
ing in common, such monstrous evils and don’t
know where they come from I ! Pressed to the
last gasp and hav'nt yet found out whose hand it
is that chokes you I!! Shame upon such igno
rance. Don't you know George It. Gilmer, the
Governor, and the man who has been tho root,
We understand that at the late sitting of the spring and foundation of the most serious troubles! the burth'en to the county v\ here the persons
conceded to thorn ; we cannot descend to their
level.
Besides their “ by authority” asseverations
of what has no foundation In truth, and the
wilful misrepresentation of matters of fact,
which we have proved on them, these men have
tlier chance ?
Farmer—Why, I’ve heard so.
Traveller—Well, it’s all as natrally true as thnt
we arc now talking. And besides, if it had’nt
been for Gilmer's being Governor, depend upon
it, the Penitentiary never would have been burnt
down! Now I say it, mid it's no use to look wild
—for I can tell you os matter of fuct, that Jim
Gripes’ father and Gilmer's futlicr once had n
quarrel; and Gilmer's father indicted Gripes’ for
ling-stealing mid proved it upon him ;—which put
the Gripes’ down so completely that not long since
poor honest Jim was indicted and taken up for a
invented another mode of falsification, which similar crime ; and Gilmer’s parly being so strong
consists in the insinuation of a tiling that is on
tirelv false, and which they know to be so.—
Of this, innumerable instances will be found,
in the Federal Union. We copy the follow*
g from their last number as a specimen :
'< Do you remember, when you were elec
tioneering for Congress last summer, that one of
your old subscibers who quit you for the Recor
der’s abuse of Jackson—upon your telling him,
you were then and always had been the friend ot
Jackson—turned off and replied—Mister, you did
not use to chat that ivayV’
On reading this query, any one not acquaint-
d wiih these veracious little men would sup-1
pose that something of this kind had actually
in ttio county and the old scrape of Jim’s father
being fresh in mind, Jim was sentenced to the
Penitentiary—when I heard lie swore by all that
impiously express the hop
is not inconsistent with the precepts of the
religion they profess—and who are in the con
stant habit of violating at least one of the
Commandments, but nevertheless go regularly
to Church, :.nd trust that they are good Cliristi- j of what you’ve spoken, yet ns the Devil said when
1 he sheared the hog “ there’s a prodigious cry and
So good-bye
Farmer—(Solus)—Ah* my sorry friend, you
talk good electioneering talk for them who don’t
know any the better—lint I take the newspapers
of both sides, and although I linve rend nhout most
Tlic getting of our cotton to the best mar
ket at the cheapest possible rate, becomes an
object of increased concern, in proportion as
the article declines in price. A dollar the
hunt)ret) weight for transportation to A
Savannah was but little felt when th
but little wool." REPORTER.
—::oo;:—~
To the Editors of the Recorder; | near!y cn h cc „ s nre
Gentlemen If I understand the wnter o- [ (|u> c ' nvicts S separateIv at n j gllt .
the precise meaning the speaker wishes to convey guilty conscience
10 the hearer I
Having thought it important to memorandum
our conversation, would it not linve given additi
onal proof of your friendship mid confidence, and
would it not linve been an art of justice to me, to
have furnished me with it, (so far us l was con
cerned,) that I might have corrected, if neccssa j
ry, any erroneous impressions which my conver- j THURSDAY, AUG. 25, 1831.
rations may have nnulc-upon you ? The witness ■
in court is often misunderstood by lawyers and ; „
jury, and. is often called upon to correct the mis- • Superior Court in Walton county, Judge Georgia lias felt for these many and long years ?
take and to explain his meaning; &yo« have gain- [ Clayton delivered an opinion, the substance ! Fanner—Yes, I know Governor Gilmer,
ed little, in your desire to be accurate, so far as I! 0 f which, as well as our informant could un- , 'IW/rd/fr—Well, don’t you know that if it
iun concerned, by failing to present me with your J ,| P r St . mi i ;» rhU nffant • Tint th#.! ' ,5ul nt for fum we would have got the Che-
private memoranda; and if now furnished, I dare i r ‘. n | rokee laud last winter; and don’t you know too,
ihink that I might put a different construefion up- Cherokee Indians have the nght notw.th-
on your own notes. ! standing the act of the last session, to dig gold
Again ; you are incorrect in supposing that I °. n land: in their occupancy,
informed you that the President rei/uested me to , *"9 •
converse with you and your colleagues. Il was i Convicted ot repeated falsehoods, from
my own proposition ; and in this you will find I j which they can find no means ol escape, the
u:n supported by Mr. Berrien. Nor did 1 ever! hirelings .of the Federal-Clark press have rc-
iy that your families had not returned the call ot j sorted to the only alternative left them,—the
ilrs. Eaton; and that jf they would leave the first L. .
card and open a formal Intercourse in thnt way,
the President would be satisfied. Such an idea
never entered my mind; for I never did know the
precise manner in which the social non-intercourse
existed between your families, wbet her cards had
ever passed from either or not; nud sure I am,
that (lie President and myself never had any con
versation 011 the subject. From first to Inst my
efforts were put forth to reconcile the parties con
cerned; they were for the time being successful.
I Imve never claimed any merit foi\u lint I did t I
felt happy, however, that I was in any way instru
mental in prolonging the political relations which
have since been severed, lii which I have had no
agency, and which I deeply regretted. Having
tints acted, to my great mortification I find myself
('rugged before the public to vindicate myself a-
gaiust sentiments and conversations imputed to
me by a part of those friends, without the upper-
tujiity of explaining to them their misapprehensi
on of what I did say.’
Without adverting to any further inaccuracies
of your letter and statement, I have the honor to
be, very respectfully, your ob’l serv’t,
R’H. M. JOHNSON.
ITon. Samuel D. Ingham.
—toooooo:—
COL. JOHNSON TO MR. BERRIEN.
The following copy of a letter form Col. John
son to Mr. Bkuihen has been forw arded ±0 us tor
publication by Col. Jounson :—Eat. Jnt.
Oakland, [Ky.] July 20th, 1831.
Dear Sir : Your favor of the 7th instant hns
been received. I find that you understood me to
say, that the President would ut least expect the
invitation of Mrs. Eaton when you gave large and
general parties. The President never did direct
ly or indirectly express or intimate such an expec
tation. lie informed me that lie had been induc
ed to believe that a part of his cabinet had enter-
ed into a combination to drive Maj. Eaton from it,
by excluding him and his family from society;
that he had been also informed that the successive
parties to which you allude was n link in the chain t
that attempts had been made even upon foreign
Ministers to exclude Maj-Euton and his family
from their parties ; that such a state of tilings
gave him great distress; that he was determined
at all hazards to have harmony in his cabinet. He
then read a paper containing the principles upon
which lie intended to act. in my conversation
w ith you, I referred to this paper. No doubt it is
now in existence. It disclaimed nil inten lion,
on the part of the President, to regulate, in any
manner whatever, the private or social inter
course of the members of his cabinet. As a mu
tual friend I called upon you, and as a peace ma
ker, my object was to make the above communi
cation in the most delicate manner possible.—
During our conversations, in the anxiety of iny
heart to serve my friend and my country, it was
I alone, upon my own responsibilily, who made
the suggestion or proposition, or rather inquiry,
whether you coukl not, at those large and promis
cuous parties, invite Maj. Eaton arid his family.—
From the total social non-intercourse of the mem
bers of the cnbinet, the want of hurtnony was in
ferred, more than from any other circumstance ;
end my desire was to remedy that evil hy the sug
gestion or inquiry which I made. It would have
been an absolute, unqualified, and total misrepre
sentation of bis views, if I had represented the
President as making any such demand. You will
therefore perceive that you have falleiLinto the
mistake of supposing that I attributed tofiim what
was the spontaneous, sole & independent sugges
tion of my own mind. I have bud no agency in
bringing any part of our conversation before the
public. Inin happy in the recollection that my vol
untary exertions to restore harmony to ancient
friendship, for tho time being, was not unavailing,
by conversations & mutual explanations, between
same of tho parties, and that I have bad no agen
cy in producing the recent separation. Having
now corrected your misapprehension of what I
did say iu my endeavors to prevent the disunion
of my bosom friends, I feel as if I bad -perform
ed uimtherfsacred duty. I have done it prompt
ly. and in the same spirit of peace and friendship.
I have confined my remarks to an explanation of
what 1 said myself. This is done to avoid any
unpleasant collision which too frequently arises a-
mong the best of friends and moat honorable men
when efforts are made to detail private conversa
tions. I am, dear sir, yours, respectfully,
n R. M. JOHNSON.
Ivin. J. BTaeplierson Berrien.
—:000a;—
MOST SHOCKING MURDER.
On Monday last, J. P. Torry, merchant, of
Naples, Ontario co. N.Y. wub apprehended, bx-
amined, and committed for trial, on a charge
°f having murdered liis sun, an interesting lit*
tie boy, about six years old. The circum
stances connected with this murder, are, we
presume, without a parallel in the record of
crimes. We have uot been able to obtain a
minute detail of facts concerning tho nefari
ous deed, but the following, so far as they go,
we believe are correct.
We will firsf, in order that our readers may
ihrtn some idea of Terry's character, state
As some mode of punishment must be resort
ed to, perhaps he intends to make every jail
kept—and all loo tiie sorry doings of one man is, 1 in the counties a Penitentiary, by confitiin
that it lias failed to keep people honest.— of Louis XVTIL, and continued to be pressed
the violators of the laws of the l in'd for a cer
tain time, in the respective county jails ;
should that plan be adopted, what effect will it
have on the morals of the criminals nud of the
inhabitants of the neighborhood of the jails, to
see men incarcerated in a jail as objects for
the curious to gaze at, and the idle to amuse j OOO sterling,
themselves at thejr cxpencc, to say nothing of
the Government of Charles X., and again
renewed tinder that oT Louis Phillippe. This
long pending negotiation lias at length been
brought to a close. The French Government
lias agreed to pay as tin indemnity to the sub
jects of the United Slates, for their loss of
property above mentioned, 25,000,000 francs,
exactly one million sterling. The original
sum claimed was G0,000,000 francs—£ 2,100,-
BY His Excellency blEORGE K. GILMEHyOo-
vernor and Commander in Chief of the Anns
and jYnry of this State, and of the Militia thereof.
A VROCXtAMATXOnr.
W HEREAS I have received official infor
mation from the 3heriff of the county qf
Columbia, lit this State, that HARVEY OLVI-
STF.AD and THOMAS HOLDER, who were
confined iu the Jail of said county, the first earn
ed on n charge for borne-stealing, and the othet
for passing counterfeit money, did oh the night of
the loth inst., make their escape from said Jail-*,
I have therefore thought proper to issue this my
Proclamation, offering a reward of TWO HU.NV
DRED DOLLARS to any person or persons
\vho shall apprehend and deliver to the Sheriff of
the said county of Columbia, tho aforesaid Harvey
Olmstead amt Thomas Holder, or One Hundred
Dollars for the delivery of either of them to said
Sheriff— and I do hereby charge and requiro all
officers, civil and military, of this^tate to aid and
assist in the apprehending and securing the afore
said persons, that they inayjie brought to trial for
the crimes with which thejTare charged.
Given tinder my band and tho Great Seal of the
Slnte, at the State-House iu Milledgevilli"
this SJ3d day of August, in the year of our
Lord one thousand eight hundred aifd thir
ty-one. and of American Independence the
fifty-sixth.
GEORGE R. GILMER.
By the Governor:
Everard Hamilton, Sec'ry of State.
HARVEY OLMSTEAD is 30 or 35 years of
age, of ordinary stature and round shouldered;
has a large beard, durk skin, grey eyes and down
look.
THOMAS HOLDER is about the same age ns
Olsmstead, about five feet high and very straig lit)
and has light blue eyes.
August 25 31 ft
~~rmNimistTiAB.Y.
H AVING rebuilt the Wnrk-shjips since the
late fire, we are now ready to resume inn
ny of Jllie usual branched of business followed
here. We ImVejON HAND, a variety of
Coach, Gig, Jersey and XVagon Harness,
well made and of good materials, a Jersey Wag
on and a Sulky, 0 Mahogany Slde-boerd, Bureau'
nUd Sofa, Cribs, Pine Slabs. Folding Tables.
Fancy arid Windsor Chairs, Clock Reels, and a
variety of Cedar Vessels, Cotton Gins, Fine and
Coarse Shoes, Boots made to measure,
fAiioRinrfi
criminals are convicted per annum as watt scut
to the Penitentiary for the last year, say 28,
and that they were to be confiued in the res-
that if it had’nt been for him, every body that e- P^tive jails for one year only, the cost for
ver did draw in any of the Lund Lotteries of onr j maintaining one prisoner per day is 17 cents,
State heretofore, would have been entitled to uno- as allowed by law, which will amount to $ 171
are confined—Admit that the same number of Gen. IIkutkasd, on offering himself as a can-
r „, - .00000. - .! done with neatness and dispatch, at low prices jfi)r
l lie following extract Irom tho address ol rmu ip onog 1* ic
55 per year—28 prisoners nt g 171 55 each, is
$4804 40—this sum is to come out of the
pockets of the people through their county of
fices, for the maintenance of the profligate.—
If the confinement of those that had infringed
tho laws, after sentence was passed upon them,
was to be placed in the county jails, and the
respective counties had to bear the expense of
maintaining the criminals, the consequence
would be, that the county offices would be
slack in prosecuting the offenders, that the
county might be relieved from the burthen of
supporting the persons after conviction, which
would have a tendency to encourage crimes.
I most cordially agree with Beetaria, that
is good and bad, lie would have revenge and see ! ^ ,e subject of reinstating the 1 cmtentiary and
that Gilmer suffered for it—and I'm now told that continuing the system, ought to be dispassion-
Jim Gripes set fire to the Penitentiary purely to atcly discussed, both in and out of the I.egis-
affoet Gov. Gilmer’s administration I j lature, and that all the lights should be thrown
Farmer—Oh, my friend— | on the subject that can be obtained. If I am
Traveller—O, don’t tell me" Ob,my friend”— not mistaken, Beccaria labors under a mistake
l lellyou ("at such are facts, and they ain t near when he says that solitary confinement has
all. IVliy, Sir, so enormous are tins man Oil- b (rie[| ' f<)r „ io( , of ' 7 tcn ; p , i]a .
mcr s offences, thnt in token of Heaven 3 displea-j , , Jt .. , 0 .. J J
sure the sun has been shining blue; and we hnv’nt 1 a . , s ^ ai , • Solitary confinement
had ann-shine strong enough to dry our fodder! 1 , | or violating (lie rules and regulations of the
Now are ,yen willing and prepared to suffer such ! institutions has been rcsorled to in most of
disadvantages for the sake of any one man’s sins ? | the Penitentiaries, as a punishment for the vio-
"itrmcr—Why. Mister, mv friend I— _ j hition of their rules, fee.; and in Virginia, so
have a knowledge of. The new Penitentiary
in Philadelphia, and the one in Pittsburg, is
upon the plan of solitary confinement altoge
ther; the one in Philadelphia has not a suffi
ciency of cells finished to do away with the old
Penitentiary in Walnut street, where the con
victs arc confined in numbers in one room.—
In the- State of New-York, the prisons at Sing
Sing and at Auburn are not yet finished, but
d to confine
Admitting
.1 .1 . /* • • t .1 i Hil- LUIH ILIA ML IJiII ctiCI > ill
ar tho ver the signature of J>eccari;i in he Southern .. . , „ |V , . • ,
v., , * x> i *la st.u* . u- i • . • , that ten years had elapsed
ugusta Recorder of the Uth inst., Ins object is to . . . •> , 1 ,
us sta- show that the Penitentiary ought to be put „ * . n . T r ,,„ ’•
ed since separate cell
. „ ........ I cannot agree with
- I 3IM-MV llltu lil(J l euilGllliary ought to tie put *, , , re ■ 7 ,•
, .. , r . nr t,. .1,1 i i re : . Beccaria that ten years is a sufficient tune to
ole was wirtli Irom 15 to 25 cents; but the down, because it lias has not had the effect to i . - , , , . .
1 . , , ,.. r . . . i , !» • i . test the principle, as but lew of the most
ease is now widely different. Wagonage and prevent crimes. 1 would ask Beccaria wlnt - ' “ -
boating are nearly as high as ever, while cot- mode of punishment has been adopted by any
toil lias diminished in value one half or two ! nation or body of people, that has bail that
thirds. It is quite natural then that our plan- j effect, or that of lessening crimes ? If neither
ters should endeavor to better their condition , the certainty of confinement in the Penitenti-
by getting transportation at a cheaper rate.— | ary fora number of years, or the gallows with
But how is this to be accomplished/ Rail- the aid of the pillory, the whipping-post, erop-
Roads are the order of the day, and the idea-, ping, &.C. cannot prevent crime, what mode of
which has been suggested of extending into punishment will ? Crimes will continue and
the interior of this Stale the one thnt is now
constructing between Charleston and Angus
ta, or of making one from Savannah to Mil-
ledgcville and Macon, is worthy of mature con
sideration. But the expense of liail-Roads
of the cheapest kind, is great, and those made
of wood cannot be very durable. It is proba
ble therefore that those parts of tho State
which are in the vicinity of rivers capable of
being navigated by boats carrying several hun
dred bales of cotton, will find these highways
formed by nature, convenient and useful, not
withstanding the greater popularity of Rail-
Roads. It is an object worthy of enquiry
whether much may not be done, by judiciously
combined arrangements, and with but a mode
rate expenditure of capital, to facilitate and
cheapen transportation on the Altamaha, Oc-
nutlgee and Oconee rivers. This it is thought
might be effected by having Steam boats of
the proper size and construction to run from
Savannah to llawkinsville on the Ocmnlgee,
and to Dublin or some other point on the O-
conee river, where they would be met by the
pole-boats from Macon and Milledgeville,
which can get along our narrow rivers, where
steam-boats cannot make good progress,
much better than they can stem the bold cur
rent of the Altamaha. This we think would
be a great improvement, and it is perfectly*
within our means. The Rail-Road would be
better, if it were made, but we view its success
as by no means certain.
The meeting proposed to be held at Eaton-
ton in the course of next month, to deliberate
on matters connected with Internal Improve
ment, has been approved of, by the appoint
ment of Delegates from Savannah, Augusta,
and other places. Our county and town are
deeply interested in tho subjects to be con
sidered at that meeting, and it is hoped that
we shall not fail to send Delegates to it.
—:oooo:-—_
Tho very unusual appearance of fhe Sun,
on the evening of the 13th inst., which did not
pass unobserved here, although not before no
ticed in our paper, has excited attention as
far North as Washington City. The dimness
t of the great luminary and its bluish cast are at
tributed to different causes, but most rational-
ciousof the convicts time will have expired in
ten years from the completion of the cells, ad
mitting none to be received until the comple
tion of the cells, as the reception into the l’e-
tentiary is half yearly, and the probability is
that more than half of the convicts that have’
been received in the Penitentiary there, have
not served out their sentence. I have alrea
. dy shewn from the number that had been dis-
ncrease upon society, until intemperance a id f ... , , . .
, 1 „ i,i i i i i „ ,i . charged Irom the Auburn prison up to 1828,
gambling are abolished, which are the two .' . i . V i
? i „ - c.u , r i , i 112 out ct 100 are represented as rctormed.
fruitful sources of them, and rum vouch cause [ .. r
• i r . i .... • i Mv time will not admit of my answering
the jails of our country arc filled with criminals. n J . e ,, , •
t -ii i , J , ,, , . 'Beccaria more fully at present. I am in
I will endeavor to shew Beccaria, and the ,, 1 , , c
public, that in the State of Georgia with the [ '\°i )es s - at,3 ^ ,n S a "J f ‘ l,e ¥ P e .°P 1 ® nf
Penitentiary, whose police has been wretched- 1 Borgia before the meeting of the Legislature
i. i", ,i . , V • i from information expected from the different
ly managed heretofore, that crimes have dimi-1 „ .. . *. . ,, . . , ..
• l i -.1 ■ .i u. . ... . Penitentiaries, that since the introduction of
ntshed within the State with an increased po- , ’ r , .... „ ■ ,
, , .. . .i u i , K cel sfortheconfinenientoltbeconvictssepa-
pulation, since the Penitentiary has been in o-1 - - ' -
peration. And although Beccaria asks with a j
degree of triumph, whether a solitary instance
rately at night, and a strict attention by the offi
ccrs who have charge of the convicts, that no
c c . - i r I communication is kept up between them in
of reformation lias been produced on those |...... „.!i., _„r.
didate to the electoral college of Chatcnuroux,
shows the constant reference made by the
friends of freedom, elsewhere, to the example
j of the United States.—Nat. Int.
The question of an hereditary peerage, and
some other points which have latterly been a-
gitated, sufficiently prove that there can be
no safety for France, except in the establish
ment of public liberty, and the economy of
the public money. But 1 fear not to say, that
the electors have lost sight of the most impor
tant question, a question which should take
tho lead of all others, and without which it is
■impossible to reason usefully upon the means
of establishing any government in modern
times, among an undebased people. That
question is—the unlimited liberty of the press,
which is the foundation, the palladium of free
dom. The liberty which the British possess
of printing, publishing, and circulating what
they please, lias alone secured the revolution
of 1(188, and caused that island to> resist the
vices of its old aristocracy. It is the liberty
of the press which has secured the indepen
dence of the United States. In that vast coun
try they are said to possess two thousand news;
pavers, as well as two thousand villages,”
KENTUCKY ELECTIONS.
The returns have not yet arrived in such on
"unquestionable shape,” as to exclude speculation
and to establish the results. The Frankfort Com
mentator Extra of the Cth inst. declares, that I)a
vis [Clay] is no doubt elected over Daniel (Jack-
son]—Marshall [C.j over Coleman [J ]—Allan
[G\] over Shannon [J.]—Lcti:hcr[C.] over Gur-
rard [C.]—Tompkins [C.] over Ynticey [J]—
and Chilton [C\] over Hawes [J.]—And that the
following Jacksonians nre. elected, viz: R. M.
Johnson without opposition.—Lcebrapte. over
Ford [C.]—Adair over Kincaid [C.]—Wickliffe
over 1'hruston [C.] and that Lyon’s [J.] district
is not heard from.
On the other band, the Washington Globe pub
lishes n letter from Lexington, Kentucky, of Ail-
trust Silt, which states thnt tho Jurkson party have
elected Johnson, Daniel I.ecompte, Wickliffe,
Adair, fiaither and l.yon—7 Jackson to 5 Clay.
Both parties seem to be better Hgrecd ns to'the
complexion of the Slate Legislature, viz: thnt a
majority is probably returned, of members friend
ly to Mr. Clay—and of coarse, that n Clay Sena
tor of (lie U. S. will bo elected in place of Mr.
Rowan—Uichmond Compiler.
—;ooooo;—
There was shewn us yesterday by Mr. Wil
liam 15. Shelton of Habersham, a piece of Gold
found a few days since ort Lot No. 35, in the
Uth District of Habersham, owned by him
self, which weighed severs hundred and twen
ty dwts. The gold is thickly embedded iti a
rock, and the loss on the whole, it is estimat
ed, may he about ten dwts. On the same day
and the day following, eight hands found ele
ven hundred and seventeen dwts. This proves
to be the most productive of any mine which
has yet becu discovered in Habersham.Athe
nian.
—;ooooo:—
Mantum, in Monticelln, on Sunday the 3E*t of
July, by the Itev. Mr. Patterson, Benjamin F.
Ward, Esq. to Miss Sarah M., eldest daughter of
Col. Fleming Jordan, nil of that place.
Married, at Spartu, on Thursday, 11th inst. by
liis lion. James B. Raiisonc, Ai.into M. Horton,
Esq. to Miss Rebecca Holmes, all of this place. -
mm
that have been confined within the Penitentia
ry, I feel confident from the information ob
tained, that there are several persons now in
the State of Georgia, who have been confined
in the Penitentiary, that are considered good
citizens ; and if the same pains had been tak
en to ascertain the fact, as has been iu the
State of New-York, I have but little doubt that
a uuniber would be recorded as having been
reformed. From the report of the Inspectors
of the Auburn Prison in the State of N. York
for the year 1828, there had been discharged
from that prison 100 convicts, 112 of whom
are described as decidedly steady and indus
trious, or very greatly improved , 12 as some
what reformed ; 2 as not much improved ; 4
with respect to whom nothing very particular
was known, but nothing • unfavorable ; 2 as
rathe^suspicious characters ; 2 as deranged,
and 2G as decidedly bad.
From the old State Prison of New-York,
where numbers of convicts were crowded in
rooms at night without any discrimination as
to age or crimes, in 20 years there were dis
charged from that prison 3997 persons ; of
this number 494 were committed a second time,
and 01 for a third or more times. At the Au
burn Prison for 1820, there were committed
133 convicts, four only of the number forb se
cond time and none for a third or more times;
the small number of re-commitment at the Au
burn Prison is attributed to the effects of con
fining the convicts separately at night, and a
close attention of the officers to see that the
convicts attend to their work, and are not suf
fered to mix together in the hours of the day.
The Keeper of llic Penitentiary in Virginia
the day time, that not only reformation lias
taken place in a number of the convicts dis
charged, but that crimes (except in largo and
populous cities) have diminished.
A Friend to the Penitentiary System.
. -■•#•«-
Wc understand Mr. Calhoun (says the Rich
mond Whig,) to maintain these propositions—
1. That the principle now contended for by S.
Carolina, (which is called by others, Nullificati
on) was at the bottom of the contest between the
Republicans and Federalists, and victoriously sup
ported by the former.
2. That the General Government is exclusively
a compact among separate sovereignties and com
munities, to which the American People as a
whole, were not parties ; thus rejecting Mi. Madi
son’s theory, that the whole People were parties
(as in the election of President -and Reprcsenla
lives to Congress) in one aspect; the States as se
parate sovereignties in other respects.
8. That these separate communities fer sover
eignties necessarily have the right, each for itself,
to judge whether the compact is violated, and (hat
upon this right alone, does security for liberty and
against usurpation, depend.
4. He rejects the arbitrament of the Supreme
Court, as having no political jurisdiction, and us
being compelled from its constitution, to speak the
wishes and opinions of the majority, and all
other arbitrament, other than that of each State
for itself.
5. lie maintains that there must be in all free
Governments, a protection for each great separate
interest—that oach separate interest, has the right
to {protect itself—that in questions bearing upon
this great separate interest, the majority derives
no right from being the majority,
6. lie maintains the peacefulness and efficacy,
of this power of self-protection; consequently,
that a, State uiny josort to nullification, wuLout
[communicated.]
De r larled this life, on the 26th July, ut bis re-
sidence in Baldwin county, Jesse Doles, Sen’r,
iu his BOtli year, u soldier of the Revolution, and
f r between forty-five nnd fifty years bad been a
worthy member of the Methodist Church ; and it
is believed by his most intimate acquaintances,
enjoyed “ a good hope through grace.” So be
lived and so lie died, the straight forward honest
mun, the humble Christian.
The mortal pang is past,
The Christian’s gone at Inst,
To share the holy joys above
Of everlasting love.
August
PHILIP COOK. I*. K.
32 3t
WILL JU» SOLD,
A T the late re»idencq f of Daniel Williams, dJ*
ceased, on Monday the 10th day of October
All tin? Perishable Property
of said deceased, consisting of horses, bogs, callle
and sheep, corn and fodder, beds, household ami
kitchen furniture, with many other articles too te
dious to mention. Terms made known on life
duv of sale.
NATHANIEL DAY, ) .
THOS. T. TOWNS. J Ad,c
August 13 tiN
A GREEABLE loan order of the Inferior court
of the county of Laurens, while sitting for
ordinary purposes, will be sold on the first Tue»>
day in November next, in the town of Columbus;
Muscogee comity,
ONE LOT OF LAND,
In the 9ih district of said county of Muscogee
No. 228, (two hundred.und twenty-six,) it being
n part of the real estatrt ’bf Jqsinli Ilorn, deceased^
late of Laurens county. Sold for the benefit of
the heirs nnd those concerned. Terms Blade
known on the day of sale, a
CHARLES S. GUYTON, Adm'n
August IS Id's
N OTICE.—Ail persons are cautioned against
trading for two promissory notes given by
the subscriber to Jerentlah Atlums, about the last
of July ult., nnd both due on the 25th of Decern.,
her next, one of which is for eighteen hundred
pounds of seed cotton, the other for thirty-five
bushels of corn. The consideration for which the
above notes were given bus wholly failed, and 1
am determined not to pay them unless compelled
to do so by the law. ‘ JOHN MIMS.
Wilkinson ooqnty, August ID, It
GEORGIA, Taliaferro coqnty.
W HEREAS Nathaniel Day nnd Thqmas T.
Towns apply for letters of administration
on the estate of Daniel Williams, late of said coun
ty, deceased:
These are therefore to cite andfndmonish all
and singular the kindred and creditors of said de
ceased, to lie and appear ut my office within tin-
time prescribed by law, to shew cimse, (if any
(hey nave,) why said lelters of administration
should not bo granted. Given under my band at
office, this I5th day of August, 1831.
HENRY PERKINS, c. c. O'.
August 23 11
GEORGIA, Thomas’County;*
W HEREAS Morris Gidcus applies to mefur
letters of administration on (he estate of
Benjamin Gidens. late of this county, deceased:
These lire therefore to cite and admonish <i!l
and singular the kindred and creditors of said de
ceased, to he and appear at my office within the
time prescribed bylaw, to shew cause (ifpny
they can,) why said lelters should not he grant,
ed. Given under inv hand, this fith August, 1831. ,
neill McKinnon, c . c. 0 . W
August 25
~ ~ * “notice. *
W AS brought to the Jail in Dublin, Laarens
county, on the 5th inst., a Negro Girl nam
ed LUCY, ubout 15 years old, slender built and
very dark complexion ; says she belongs to a Mr.
Mitchell, a negro speculator. She cays she left
him about two weeks ago, near Trammell’s Fet>
ry, on the Oconee river.
CHARLES S. GUYTON, Jailqr;
August 11 Stt 3t
JpOUlt months after date, application will he
We arc requested by Mr. Jos. Johnson, of Twiggs
county, to publish the following toast, as drank by him
at the' late celebration of the 4lh of July at Tarvers-
ville :
Atulrclr Jackson—While in his presidency may he
ever remain firm at his post; maintain peacu wilh ho
nor or declare war with energy. It
DR. or. 3. BOSWDXX.
H AVING determined to settle
permanently Iu Eatonton, of
fers liis
Professional Services
to the people of Putnam, in the vari
ous-branches of bis profession.
t
August 18
30 2t
ff
GEORGIA, Telfair county.
T OLLED before Henry II.
Brickell, Esii. of Capt. Woot-
on's District, by Barnabas Livings
ton, ONE BRIGHT SORREL
HORSEj about 11 years old, 14
bands high, Sax mane and tail, three white feet,
some white in liis forehead, shod on his fore feet—
appraised at $ 40, by Henderson Frier and Hen
ry Slaughter, theOth of Juty, 1831.
N. PARRAMOBE. C. I. C.
August 13 "X 3t*
made to the. Inferior court of Telfair county,
when sitting as n Court of Ordinary-, for leave to
sell the real estate and negroes of Samuel Boyd,
deceased, or so much thereof as shall be sufficient *
to satisfy the creditors of said deceased.
JAMES BOYD, )
JAMES J. SCARBOROUGH, SAdm’ra
CHARLES J. 8IIELTON,- S
August SO, 1831 ' 4m
GEORGIA, Gwinnett county.
W HEREAS Charles T.Thornton applies for
lelters of administration on the estate of
Thomas Monroe, late of said cOunty, deceased:
And whereas Stephen Horton np'plies for letter*
of administration on the estate of Jeremiah Mor
ton, lute ofsuid county, deceased:
These are therefore to cite ami admonish all and
singular the kindred and_ creditors of said deceas-
ed, to be altd appear at my office within thtMimo «
prescribed by law, and shew rinse, (if anjt'thev
can) why said letters should not be granted.—
Given under my hand, tills 20th August. 1831.
W.M. MALTUlJh Cl,’k c. o. ip
GEORGIA, Newton County^jjpF
W HEREAS Stephen Noleh applies for let*
ters of administration, upon jko estate of.
James Nesbit, late of said county, deceased ;
This is therefore to cite and admonish alt amF
singular die kindred and creditors of said H,--
, ceased, to be and uppear at njy office within V
I time prescribed by law, to shew cause (if t
they can,) why said letters should not be granl
I Given under my bond, this 19lli August, 1831.
j f L. HOPKINS, c. e.|§
August ffi>- ~ -tj
August 25
GEORGIA, Gwinnett county.
D U. S. WEENS tolls before
William Holland, Esq. in tfte
406lh District Georgia Militia,
A Sorrel Horse,
all his feet white, and a white spot on bis ri h*
flank, loth August, 1831,
WM MALTME, C. INC.
August 25 * - Si ; * ;
Sf
