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POiLSTICAgj,
SosiQ-C'iU’cSV-ij.
We have detained our paper Mini* hour*, in order
to give tb« Governor's M iMsaga, nn 1 sumo little of tlio
proceeding* of Uio IjCgislatTiro, which' loot yesterday,
according ta *ho call of the Governor.
Tho Hon. Hi.nrX )>ka* wns re-ninctod Pre.ujVml of
the Sedate, and the floii. IF. )«. PiNCtfNSr, Speaker ol
the Houno of Representatives*
Tho Governors Message was referred to a joint
Committee of both flenses, consisting of Mnwni. *Vmi-
brooU, tfnrrcn, Winning, BiUlcr, Camylhll, llrid, and
Pntte.rsod, from tho Senate, and Proton, ffobl*,
R. [}. Smith, PLupr, Ifdme*, Dun Kin. Krri:t. M'CorJ.
tTirWU, Cohen, Potts, and Maxwell, from the Homse of
Renre**<uitativeM.
Tho Committee to day reported n lull to provide for
jailing n Convention of tlu* People of the 8t«ifo, to
•onaiuer of and determine upon tlio T.irilVqnostion.—
Tho hill proposes that on thosecond Monday and Tno.*-
in iVovombor next, esarh district and pari h elect n
number of doicctrtox nqTl.il to tho lrimHrsr of senators
an! njpre^oitatrvee s^nt to tho ta?i*lntttte,ond to n» ”<t
n Columbia on the Monday fullowing) which will he
he 19th.
ft i* probable that tho Legislature will adjourn b\
Yri day or Siinrduy next.*— Tclcscopo.;
Governor ilnmllFsJi’s 31cssmi;e»
fellow-diktats of the Smote,
awl llatse. of Represents tires.
IucnMVouht? von at an earlier moment titan tho peri
od fixed by tho Coutfilalum for your u«tt:d meeting, I
have clnerfiddy assumed wlmlhvcr responsibility may
attach to this dxerdlse of ipy prerogative, under n be-
list*that nf.cr our general idoclionN. yon could ' »t t>»>
•oon^be brought t»g*t!ier, to dofihornio on Uie b. .-I
moan* of promoting tho iiitorcHt.s ofUnjae, whose rights,
whose libdrtiei, n:iJ whoso public honor are eo»!idod to
yonrenro.
I should iudoad li.iva nonvokod yottr predecessors
im ivjtii duly nftor the adjournment of tlio l ist Session
of Congress, if I bad not doomed it in every respect
«le«:ftble that our people, in tho exorcise of One of the
highest fn?:tin*H of their sovereignty, overt in lii*
choice of thejr Representatives, should, in tlio first in-
atait'ft. have an opportunity of passing judgment on
the final result of tlio proeoediug* of that Session
which claim* to have fixed o?i n permanent basis, ns fin
asilcrm lu* cTectad by Federal Icg;~riulion, tho Hotllo.ri
policy of tlie country. As tho canvass, which preced
ed mir recent elections, wn* conducted in almost exclu
sive and absorbing reference ta tho nltiniato result, of
tlii* legislation by Congress, your selection may he
taken as tho exponents of this judgment. 1 con I tally
congratulate yrfti, and our State at Inrpi, not only on
the a ispieiona and elevated decision winch onr people,
by infallible tokens, have thus made, but also on the
enneriug indications of our having nlroady reached n
unanimity of sentiment, nearly ns great ns the inevita
ble diversity of human opinions will permit, on n hu!>•
led vitally affecting our dearest rights ami liberties.—
Thus convened under circumstances of profound i.ulr-
lie anxiety, and intense public interest, you will, i ni;
■•ire. come to the discharge of the trust which lias di
rolved upon you, with an inflexible determination to
perform it (duties ill an enlightened spirit of firmness
nnd moderation, worthy of the occasion and of those
inestimable principles of constitutional liberty, which
it will be ono of the most impressive of onr obligations
lo preserve, and forever defend.
it is known to you, Fellow-Citizens, that the most
anxious hopes of the good people of this Slate, were
directed to the proceedings of iholust Congress of the
United States. The necessity of providing for a large
reduction of Federal Taxation, consequent on the
proximate extinguishment of a large public debt ; the
strong nnd well founded complaints of a respectable
and patriotic portion of the States in this confederacy ;
the solid gromtda on which, as a matter of constitution
al right, these complaints rested; us well as our just
clniins to a reform not only in the abuses of tho exer
cise of the power of taxation on the part of tlio Gene
ral Government but in the abuses of the appropriation
of tlio public treasure after it is levied, in jured even
those prone to despond, in spito of inauspicious omens,
with some faint expectation, that thoso great and alarm
ing questions of political power would bo nettled in
• spirit of impartial justice, and with a -considurato re
gard to that amity and mutual concession, so essential
to tlio preservation of a confederacy composed of co
equal and co-ordinnto sovereigns.
It is scarcely necessary that I should inform you in
detail, what has been this final result of these delusive
ly cherished expectations ; for yon are in possession of
an authority on this subject, "infinitely more valuable
than mv own. Two thirds of your‘Representatives
and both of your Senators, after efforts on the lloorof
Congress of signal ability and disinterest*^! patriotism,
on which every species 0 f conciliation was exerted,
that a just and wine moderation could dictate, short of
surrendering a principle essential to your constitutional
liberty, have solemnly declared to tho people of Smith
Carolina, in the face of tho world, “ That whatever
hopes may have been indulged at tlio commencement
of the session, that a returning sonso of justice, on the
part of tho majority, would remove or materially miti
gate tlio grievous load of oppression under which you
have ho Ion* labored, nnd of which yon have so justly
complained, iltoy are reluctantly constrained to declare
that these flattering hopes, too long deferred, and too
foudly cherished, ha* e finally *nd forever vanished.’'—
In proof of this disastrous const i in mot ion, they could
not better have relied on any testimony than that on
which they did roly, the Tariff act of 1811*3, which, by a
perversion of every principle of common sense nnd
common justice, has been called a compromise between
the conflicting interests of ihc manufacturing and
plantation States, on principles of equivalent ho no fit
to both. It is unnecessary, gentlemen, that l should
inform you, who arc mo well instructed upon the true
grounds of tho controversy, that this imputed compro
mise is destitute of ©very feature of th.it justice and
•quality that ought lo characterize # n measure hearing
•uch an appellation. Wo might well in advance have
distrusted tho compact for this adjustment, in which
it was found expedient not to consult, at any period of
tho negotiation, our senators nnd two thirds of our Re
presentatives, and which boro irpon its face tho signs of
its being in some respects a subtle contrivance, to
bind the, pecuniary interests and constitutional liber
ties of tho people, to a struggle for tlio executive pow-
■ er of tho country. But apart from these extrinsic ob
jections, the adjustment is intrinsically not a mutual,
but nn exclusive compromise of all the just claims and
interests of tho South. The Tariff Act of KV2 is, in
point of fact, a law by which the consumption of tho
manufacturing States is nearly relieved of all sort of
burden on those articles which they consume nnd do
not produce, and under tho provisions of which, they
are secured a bounty on nn average of more than fifty
porceut. on the productions of their industry, whilst ii
taxes our consumption to nn equivalent amount, nnd
the exchangeable value of onr products in a much more
aggravated ratio. The law bears the impress of the
legislation of an independent sovereignty to a feeble
and distant colony, and establishes the revolting dis
crimination that ti e labour of the South is less enti
tled to the paternal regard of this Government, than
that of a more favored beetum of tho Union. The
provisions of the Act nre, moreover, at war with every
acknowledged principle cl* wise and bennficiimt taxa
tion, which ha« over existed among any people on the
face of the earth, having the shadow of a claim to ci
vilization or a jast l;nov. lodge of Jinauco. Articles
luxury are. selected as the objects of comparative ex
emption from all burdtfi, whilst tlipfo of neeos.tv boar
naarly the whole brunt of the imposts. The groat sta
pic* of tho industry and consumption of man, which
purchase «cven-tent!iv of onr agricultural products
iron, cotton nnd woollen fabric*, salt and sugar, an
burthened with a tax quite equivalent to an average of
r.evenlv;five ner cent on th»*ir prime cost, whilst tho
teas, the conbe, the rilks and the wines of the rich,
which are principally exchanged for tho productions of
manufacturing or Northern labor, enjoy, as it regards
theft* article*, a most unjust discrimination in their fa
vor. Operating thus heavily on the exchangeable val
ue of our products, the net provides for nothing short
ST (he monstrous injustice of levying at leant three
fourths of tho whole' amount of too ferba U rovenite,
on the industry of th® Southern States. Nor does tho
grots inequality of the law atop here. It efiect*, after
all the imbtle artifices of exaggeration rcanccting a
diminution of our burdens have been dispelled, a r*>
dnetion, from the amount df dnti*‘» levied tinder the net
of JitlS, a * modified by that of I&10, of three million.*
w\en hundred thou sand dollars on the unprotected
articles, and only flic pitiful hiiiii of somewhere about
eight hundredthousMiddollar*on thu protected, (which
puiflbajH) the staples of tho South) making in all, a re
duction of only four milliouM end a half, instead of
twelve, which fast reduction was ntiuj to Uie ne-
coruplisbtnont of the deoirabie and highly coioervntlve
object of bringing th revenue down to the Hiutidimi
• Wifi! of the Government. An it is,
nub ‘.<»:fiiuns of surplus revenue will, in all probability,
tt-Huli front the imposts t.f this Act, over ami above tho
necessary nnd con^titutiomd rtponiM ol' the country,
to be de-mbuted by a majority irrespuusildo to us, in
corrupt lu/gc««cM or tiiieoiistitutionul appropriatious to
tiiose Mtntus, which, without posseMiug nil interest ill
thi*Tariff, ant inaih* to hnd llial fliey haw an int‘*r«st
in high taxation, when l#y an luiiust provision of tin*
Gowinujent, Uiey receive more tliau tin y nre made to
p«v,
Uepuguam as this act is to every principle of jusfli
ar cuaiiiti iii'l.ilg** even tie* hooiilisliiig colisolutb
that as i| vs« in rtw re«f»«*4-ts, to subnu
ills |*ei »u»le si *uojif >- For the i.lv
Wuot/*, it «%yi be Umi <jsi7 to it
ki d. yield to tin 1 rotilrning acuv? of justice po long j»ro-
lUMCd, nnd tvliUKi) advent bn:: heen fco long and eo tardi
ly postponed. No. Wo have the authentic umlaolemn
declaration* of both tho groat dominant parties in the
Union, tvho are now contending for it* power, nn'Hylio
cnnjoimiv form an overwhelming itiajonty, that tlie sys
tem is as fixed us fate, except in flio.se particular* that are
vet to ft.i modified' more heiioiiciaiiy for their interest.*,
as eii;>i«li»v mav he instmeted l>y rxpnrienco. That the
system if ’we think proper lo mihtnit to it* injustice is
the fixed and fe'lllen t'olicy «»f die country, so far a* the
majority can will it to he such, we have much more sol
id reasons for holioving than even these derlunlionshow-
over uulUoritalive.. 'I’Ui* belief i* fimmFd on the indi*-
pntable fact, tbut it is itnpcwsihle for tho wit or wii-dom
of mail, to have contrived a scheme for raising the reve
nue of the country in n mode mere c:.*c»itia!ly and ex
clusively h'meficial to their own interest*. ! <>r it i.s n
a proccr.* by which taxation ojemb'a *;»»rreUtively as a
bounty to their industry : and dial vyhil't h.rre-.'ijmib>
of tho public rovetmo is to be raided on m tides in th"
production of which they enjoy n premium of m ire
than fifty percent, nil the nrliclo* nec«»smry to j•• flec
tion of their arts arid niairirjcturcH, nnd cc»;nnti:tl
to tlio nrconiuiodation r.nd luxuries of life, are compar
ative! v untnxed. ft is not a cold abstract sen.e of jns-
ricr. nr wh.it urn iiisiil'indv mill’d the ni^?-.ohy>-i> < of
holding them, with die exceptions winch 1 have ulreaor
IlSt'. Vmi
In relation t ittle. Varijf—Jntrrna 1 [n j.rairntnit—the (tuna
tin,l XulhJituition.
OwAsep, (.'hvii;?» Co., Oct. 4,
Gr.NTi.K.'f kx :—Y onr letter of the August found
m<; at this place. 1 regret extremely that the- delay m
its reception, occasioned by iny absence, lias prevented
an earlier attention to its contents,
Ily the resolutions which you have been appointed to
communicate to me, 1 mu mUh-ed that those by whom
ihey w«re mloplwL (lexiie lo \m: iiifonm-d of my «enti-
“oil (no fiil.jeel, ol (lie I lotrrtivo Sy-Klll ntitl f , (rf j(e ,|; ir> . rottt Kallii r
it. piopor itdjii.liin'iit. Iniriiul Improvement, tlio Lank j mlr | e *-i^lu,io„ to all tlio rorniptir
ol llio I nitotl Stitles, nnd Niillitvinioii. thoac acranililea ami cnniliinatimia 01
I ho rii'ht of thoso yon ropioo lit. Im ho iiifi.njic.1 « | have lie. n horotoloro witnosood, ami tlio oilier ail
my ojiiiiicti.t upon these interesting subjects, as derived I .1— . .•
from the posi’inn in which the favor of my fi.dlow-cili-
/cn* Ins plx(r«l me, is undoubted: and in
•:omp!\ing with their rc(|iie-i. I ba\e on! , to regret, that
tile inconw mcneo ef the Hitu.itioii in which it finds me,
consequent upon thchurrv and ronliMion attending the
further prosecution of my journey, and tin
ferred to, until mouio constitutional regulation upon
tho Btihject has been made.
In t!’i* nvowul, I run certninly not influenced by iccl-
iiq * of indifference., much le^ ol hostility, to internal
improvement*. As such, they can lutve no eiictiin s. I
liu\e never omitted to give them nil the proper mu in
my power; lor which, by the way. 1 claim no particu
lar merit, as I do not believe there i* nil honest nnd
sane man in the country who docs not wish to see them
prosper. But their construction, and the nnuine-
j which and the mean* by w hich the
ar#at m the number which would be employed in tna- l The people will in these oveifl S it lp ,
11 it fuel 11 res which could be sold at ten cent* per yard, evidence of the ability with which the « n
arc to be etl’ected,
than again ex-
orrupting infiuence* of
and combination.* in congrc
which
1 of
tho
* iM induce. <
and pain
if tin
» t»."i
"(I lid
constitution il ii
in Much
der tliOK* ad van
(•oiH'miers, willin
happen to bn isjrrit
exercise a apcc.ioa of ind't-try iu no d
with, hut on the contrary sub <.*» •. u ut
their own. Wo shall indeed have 1
of the world to very little pttrpoxn, i
i ile and unnv'loss a conjecture. If the
had b *en Hiihjugat d j rovinecs, and
ex!inii’*ting d'*«;»l »rioii. had surrender
itml'jr th** Bword, I n*k what other h.II
t iv'I of truilr irit/i the cola
mrtiince,
iVdlilineiit i,f th« (>!»,(< is *»l your < oiHtitoeiiL*. of
«« Inti • delay n* pos*i!»!** in the tr.iriiniissioti of tin* coin-
muui'aition, jirecltidn nnv tiling like an elaborate (liscii**-
*1011 of the subirrt* under coiisnlprsitioii. if indeed such
n cour«o would, under irior»» lit\urahle eircunist-itiees.
!»•• »! •■ti: dih* to you. The regret, however, which I
jni .'itl Otherwise, experience on tin* account, i- 1 ri hcved
by the hope, tint mv f**ll*»w-* it«/* n* of North t’aroliea.
prefci ring, wjih * haracteristir g
ml Mions. w i*l be i.s x%
d in the intelligent I"
brief but explicit ;»•.
ell •
ifn-rl, m
cut nf
• allv
ini ‘.'tote*
fib.
•d. Ini! ibis
tariff
ft id
wlii
The
a'silli/
b ibis iik
to Mpv?culatio;i
arc ti roll Ik I 11
Informed a
this net, I uni
this > iow of
comaderation wliich
lhe solemn and nhidiug
of thr* Hiato. that lie* ii:
i < not tube found in th" »
lli il in tlio a* t of lift’d
distinctly ainl triumph:
ther in express term* (
does any such power 1
'I’li ftulvimt to an infract
M hritig tipi
ig.’iH of our
i “i>3 l Uf tin* min j
n iim, wo are not left 1
decaying prosperity j
gentlemen, of all tho
: how unnecessary it i
i:t, any liirtlier ; hilt tin
mint lie overlooked. .11
com ietion, of t! 1 .• • go
gill to pa** 11 tariff ef |
'institution of the I’r.i'
detail* of
1 to pre.Hs j
•ro is one |
.d that is,
„.l !
wof-’clien |
-I I
jt.-.-tiuii ii
ill 1IIIIII1 1
lll.'lt I lie!
pro.iiict *
pr is.--. 1
r'lll. il tin
tion exet
portion 1
tion of ri:
r f een **• fbmo.igldv nnd dill'n- w ojy dr baled,
pi mv ed'rJn! acts in rel.itaui to the Protective
light well he regaiib'il 11s rendering the avow-
ss.iry, I think it. u**t rrile•!»•**. proper to say,
cve the e-t.tliinhmefit t.f commercial regula-
li n view to the enennrageuMMil of di
to be \\i'i>iii tin* eoM.stitiitionnl power of t'.oli-
t'hiUl, however, I-liave entertained this opin-
nev or b* eii my \vi-!i to .see the newer in qiics-
ed with nn oppr. s.sive inequality upon any
l!,e ad\ autage of one ecc-
nse of uuotlier. On the
elieved il to he the .sacred
entrusted w ith the administration
nent. to direct it.* oficration* in
eidafed to di-trihute a* equally
v hid*
oppr.
r our cjlizen*. or 11
* I *niun, ut the cnj
I ha\ e at all times
Me principle 01 |
llv recognised, ami that in i- |
by an authorised iinplieaiion j
si in tho rfiinpiirt of I ’nion. |
n of the (huistitnlion. involv-
Ti
TX
portmiily for :
\ liieh hys hee
and
out has nl-
Ihat
ih t’ e
of d.u
policy. *
In the:
I thus exp'
be no »an
upon the
;o pri
si*tent with 1I1
system ; a pit
loaniilactuic*
and ii* ext-nt
; dapted to our
i produced by <
' ril!" which de
purity
• the
li'Ji
Ilf
ing the gpoat right of lift mini industry and property,
is to acquiesce i:i voluntary s •rvilude. To meet tlii.s \ 1-
tnl truth, the h'ssons we have been taught by our iuicoh-
tors contain an instructive and salutary moral. He
must be a very ingenious casuist who can discover any
di fie re 1 ice in principle between taxation without repre
sentation nnd taxation wi;h a nominal representation Inti
in violation of 1I11; constitution. The result ol* both is.
Hci'/.iiigatui taking away money without legal right. But ;
grievous ns may h M the peeimiary lo- s an -.ug from this
wrong it is ne-i^dust in th*- Inbiuce in comparison w jth 1
the shock which the public liberty of tin* country HMsta'un t
if the people by n relaxation of public spirit, t! . uigli j
sloth, serv ility or enwavdue, nr** prepar'd to submit to
an infraction of their rights; for it overthrow*, il’ I may
mo Nponk, that love and reverence for tin* author It v of the
general principle-, of liberty, so essential to the jirescr-
vation of iho institiitioiis of free stat*‘*.
1 *1 this summary, fellow-eilizen.s, 1 believe I have ut-
b'rej not ono word, that doe* not meet a re-police in
the overwhelming public sentiment of our people. Af
ter ten Venn ol* suffering arid remonstrance, we have
nt length arrived at the end ol’our hope*. (»ur pelilions
nnd protest.* have sliunhered in apathy and contempt
on the journal* of Congress. The legislatiue of this
Htafe ha*, however, declared and reiterated, ” dint a la
ri IT of Protection i* not only unconstitutional, hot an a-
Imsn of power incompatible vv ith the prineipb>< of a liee
government and the great "tiil* of civil H'lriety,” and
bus avowed it* purpose “ to oppose and resist all en
croachment* on the true spirit of the C’onsti'u'.inn."—
Y ou have, been elected by the people and charged by
thair op'iiioii* to adopt mean* the best calculated to {
tact and defend them from these eueroarlm;
you nre mnv convened by me for t.ie purp
turelv deliberating «».'i the mode of aci omp
desired and b illowed object. Public somioi
ready, by uiKapiivocal token*, declared iuf.ivuar of a j
Convouiion of die people of South Carol inn. for the j
purpose of considering the eh ir;"? *r and extent ol f!»**
usiirpation* of tin* general government.—In recom
mending that yon promptly take nma.-uire* to authorise
tlio meeting of sneli anasser.ihlv, 1 feel, (notwithstand
ing my cordial concurrence 111 this measure.) that I am
only responding bethat sentiment. A* it wan by an as
sembly of identical and equivalent authority
compact wns formed under the (-oieUitutiou w
States when they n&rcud to esiahlffh a*co;iun-»!i .:g«
called the Geicral tiovnruuient, .*0, on no triLv.n.al
more appropriately devolve the hi^hprovuit
ing tho extent of our obligations ninlcr this'c
«* and in ease of n deliber.ite, palpable and dang<
orci.se of powers, not granted by the said eoinj
dotermifio *• on the mode and measuro of roitress.” j
Indeed nil onr political systems have flowed from tin* 1
iniglily sonrre of tlieso great, primary and elemental j
assemblies, which arc not the type but the cssotieo of J
tlio sovereignty of the people; nor have they ever yet j
convened without subserving how.* eminent purpose of 1
public liberty and social order. The judicious guards
in our own Htule constitution, hv which the people have
imposed restraints upon themselves.in the convocation j
of those bodies, by requiring the coiieurreneo of two
third* of both branches of the Legislature, before a Con- j
veution can be culle«b not only effectually prevent tu- 1
mult miry or revolutionary action, wut ensure that ima- |
uimitv among the people so essential to thc.surccss of 1
all great public ’movements.
In earm’sll) recomme nding, fellow-c’tizens.tlint you |
make, fortliwilh, legislative provi-ions for the nisem* I
bling of sorb a convention, with all the despatch com
patible with the public c.onv eniebro. I cannot Inn |
look forward to the deliberations and final decision of 1
this high an I authoritative body, as ^lie # ldcs«ed means «
not only of finally redressing our wrong*, hut ol uni
ting our whole people in one common mode nnd pnr- 1
pose of resisting oppression, nnd in patriotic and fra- •
ternal bonds of concord. When this assembly shall I
speak, il* voice, next to the voice of God, inu«t coin- •
tna ml om most jicrfect’obcdionce. We owe nonllegi-l
mica to any other power, except that vv hirli througii 11
similar HHxemlilage, South Carolina Iu* llionglit fit to j
contract for it*; and which it: pa) ing to the extent, and :
so long as she thinks proper that the obligation should |
continue, is but rendering our loyalty to her.
I forbear bringing nny other subject to your consid- j
oration c. mnect*’d with the ordinary and current bu-|
sines* of the State, ns under the Constitution you j
must again convene on the -ItIi Monday of the eusn- I
ing month. I would respe.cthilly suggest (IikC with tlu* I
view, if practical! 1 *', of procuring an assembly of the I
proposed Convention at Ibis place, prior t<* that peri-
od, you likewise abstain from (lie consideration ot J
any oilier matter than the iiiinortant topic, nnd those
ne"r.es?nrily incidcnlal to it, wliich 1 have brought to
your vinw.iu I doom it, for n variety of considerations 1
on w hich il is unnecessary I should now dwell, in ev
ery respect desirable that our issue with the General ;
Government, should be mude before the meeting oi l
Congicss.
In urging the expediency of calling a Convention of | that thr
the People, for fhe purposes I have indicated, 1 have
foriurne to make a single suggestion of whnt may
or may not, whnt ought or what ought not to he
the. leme !y tins Assembly should oroain. To a body
so effnriituted a.nd *0 empowered, let the whole sub
ject of onr rights and our grievance* be confided, un
influenced by nny bias arising from the official expres
sion of our opinions —Representing public sentiment,
it cannot but organize und give force to the public
will.
In conclusion, Fellow Citizens, onr cause is worthy
of our highest, onr most zealous nnd our most index# | an relate to hght-hou
bio efforts, ft U for no object of ambition, no lust of
power or avarice, tiial we have assumed our present
post tire m relation to tho usurpations of the Federal
Government; but it is to redeem't' e Constitution of
our Country from unhallowed violation, to maintain
i«s ascendancy Aver the law making authority, to save
thiso'tce clierishej Union trorn 11 corruption and mb.
duty of ihn.-e who
of the* I’ (ler.i! gi.iv
the manner best (
po.-ss-ble it* burthen* nnd blessing* nmong.-t the
Unites and the people. My view* unon this
w « re several Ve irsagn spread before the pcopl<
Slate, ntidlnvc since been widelv ditiii-ed t!iri
medium of the public press. My object at t,
vv as to invite the attention of m v immediate coil
to a ili-Mri-rioiiate enn>iderati*ui of the subject i
rious hearings: being well assured, that siu h a
tigntiou would bring Ihetn to a i-tandard, v
its moderutiou and ju*tice, would furiii-h ill
miter for the true intere«*t* of all. I
posed, those views have contrihiib d iu a?
produce a state of feeling so much to he de
reason to he gratified with the result
I if the policy of the present F.x-
ed to prevail, the eertain and speedy ex- |
f thr national debt, ha* presented nu op-
more equitable ad|u*tiiirrit of the tariff, I
aheadv embraced by the adoption of a j
com iliatorv measure, tlie spirit of which will. 1 doubt
not. ronliime tola* cherished by all who are not desirous I
of iulvanemg t.'ieir private interests at th * sacrifice of
tIk»-o of the public, and vv ho place a just value upon the |
peace and harmony of the Union.
The i‘roteclive Sysfem and its pioper adjustment, he- 1
rnmea *ubjeet of frequent and necessary consideration,
whilst I formed a part of the cabinet; and the manner
in which the President proposed to carry into effect the
policy iu relation to mtpo-ts, recommended iu his previ
ous message*, has .-jure hern avowed with that frank- |
ness wlin Ii belong* to hi* character. To this end, he j
recommended “ n modification of tho tariff, which should j
produce a reduction of the revenue to the wants of the
government, and an adjustment of the duty upon im
ports, with a view to equal justice ill relation to all our
national interests, and to the counteraction of foreign
oiinti v to the injurious effects iinavoidably resul-
"VlmMimrlVom them, it would, in my opinion, be infinitely
'* r 14 - 1 preferable to leave works of tlio character spoken ol,
and not embraced in tie; exception winch ba* been
pointed out, for the present, to the support* upon which
they hav e reposed wftii *0 much suece** tor the la*t two
years, viz: state effort* and private enterprise. 11 tho
great I udv of the people become coux iuced that the ^pro
gressed’ die*" work* should be accelerated by the Fede
ral nrtn, they will not refuse to come to Home proper
coiitaitiitioiial arrangement upon the subject. I In*
sujij’oiitiou that till equitable lule, vvbicli pay* a |»ro-
per r« «:»ect to the iutere*!.* nnd condition of the ditier-
cou.d fail to receive, idtiuiutrly, the roiisti-
tiction. would be doing injustice lo the iu-
of the comiiry’. By such a *t , ttlemciit ol tlio
ur political HV.iteni,’in nddition to the other
* derived from if, would, in relation to this
|<e relieved from tho>edaiigerou* slioeks
eg from diversities of opinion upon consti
tutional point* of deep interest; nnd. in tin* mean time,
il," r»*source* of the country would he hot lui.-haiidcri
hv being left i:i the bands of those by whose labor they
are produced.
I am unicfc ,, rrc(l!v oppoved to a renewal of the char
ter of the United States Bank, atirl approve of the re
fusal of the Bre.-ident to sign the hill, passed for that
purpose, at the last session of Congress, ns well on ae-
eoimt of the uncon.*titii;ioii«dity, ns the impolicy ol its
provisions.
I am equally opposed to tlio principle of Nullifica
tion. a* it is called. Willi whatever sincerity that doc
trine may be entertained by others, I believe lliat if is
entirely destitute of constitutional authority, and that
it could not bo adopted, without drawing after it the
ultimate hut certain destruction of the confederacy.
That these view* will ho universally acceptable to
those who have called them forth. I do not ;:i!nvv my
self to expect, lie who thinks in a country, the in
terests of which are so diversified a* our*, and in re-
Hjveet to the constitution of which, construction i* made
to pci form so great a part, that the purest intvnlious,
or the most profound reflections, can enable him so to
shape hi* political tenets 11* to meet the approbation of
all : or who is so unreasonable as to require that those
of the public servant* should in all respi cts correspond
with lin* own, mu>t expect to make up hi* account w ith
disappointment or deception. For myself. I cherish
no such hope. All I ask, is a fair confidence in the
sincerity of the principle.* I have avowed, and in the
fob litv with which they will he maintained. Il is not
possible that any nomination could have been more
entirely unsolicited, bv word or deed, than that wliich
has been bestowed Upon me. Had it riot been for the
event to which, a- I have before waid. I feel myself prin
cipally indebted for it. I -fioidd not have hesitated to
decline, howev er highly distinguished the honor intend
ed for me is felt tu he. And 1 ln*g my fellow-citizen*
of North Carolina fo believe, that notwith>tauding the
deep pc use which, ill common with the people ot’ the
Union, I entertain of their unwavering though unpre
tending patriotism and uu*potied political liiith, and
the high gratification I should derive from being thought
worthy of their confidence, I shall feel it a duty to he
content with whatever disposition of the q noli on they,
in the honest exercise of their opinions, shall see tit to
rml ) 1
Mlbje( t I
of this ;
best guar
hu* been sup
I, I have
nnliicturcs • • - r»
III llm two cnuntric, united, (lie rmnpntitioil would not
lie in 1 irons m ii' (lie High dulies had never been im-
poied; and consequently, prices would not be ns lilte-
Iv to full. ,
' liis, therefore, an error to suppose that our lardl has
bail (lie effect of occasioning any permanent reduction
in the pi ices ofniaimliietiires ofGreat Britain. Beside*,
if it be true that a manufacturer can nll.ird to reduce Ins
price in proportion to the quantities be sell*, wrncli, we.
believe, is admitted by all, it follows, that our 1 anil, by
diminishing the quantities of certain labric* required
from Great Britain* ba* bad tlio tendency of keeping up,
instead of diminishing, prices in that country; and low
a* the prices already are there, they would have been
still lower bad not our Restrictive System diminished
the demand for them. But, say our Kestrictionists, the
high duties have created a domestic competition, which
has brought down price* in the United State*. Hu* is
true, but no domestic competition can ever bringdown
price* below the cost of production; and us the cost of
production in the United States, where capital is worth
from five to ten per centum, wage*fifty cents to 11 dollar
and a half per day, and first rate land in the Western
country, at one dollar and a quarter per acre, can never
he so low us it is in Great Britain, where capital can be
bad .at three per cent, per annum, labor ut half our rates
and where land is wholly beyond the reach of the labour
ing poor—it is altogether impossible, ho ioitg us those in-
i-qualitics exist, that we can manufacture as cheap us the
Britirii can. This important fact seems to be entirely
overlooked by the mniiufucfoirera, and they are perpetu
ally urging the idea that all they xvuut is a protection for
:i low years until they cun get fairly under way. Tins
thrv H:\id iu 1810, tin* they said in Jc-34 and 1828, and
this they will say fifty years hence, unless they should,
as is quite likely, long before, be broken down by snuig-
•ib rs. The fact is, no temporary protection can avail
against such permanent inequalities as those wo have
described. The prices of the raw materials, wool and
iron, are cheaper in G. Britain than they arc in this coun
try, whilst cotton does not cost more to transport it to Li
verpool. than it does to transport it from the cotton-grow
ing to the manufacturing States. In manufacturing
.skill, and invention too, there are no improvements iu
this country, which would not bo accessible to the Brit
ish ; and, if we have cheap water-power, they have
( heap steam-power, and besides this, iron and media-
dianieul labor, to make their machinery, at half tho price
we must pay. All idea, therefore, of any ultimate re
duction of prices by domestic competition in 'this coun
try. down to the British prices, is, in our opinion, alto
gether delusive.
—iooiiod! — 4
FROM THE ClIARt.F.ITOtC MERCORf.
In copying the following Tabic, we will only request
the reader, to remark tlio operation of the American
System, ns exhibited in the fact, that whilo Massacliu-
.*<;<(* imports directly 14,200,056, South-Caroliiia im
port* but 1,388,Kilt and that Rhode Island under th*.
foxier ing care of tho Federal Government, is enabled,
to import more than tlio lurgo nnd fertile Statu of Geor
gia.
Commerce of the United States.—Tabic of the Imports
nnd F.xports of the sevoral States, for the year ending
January 30, 183a ;
IMPORTS. EXPORTS.
rselxr
Mid* that all ta
[• ability ami
•ii.* it mav be injurious to tin**" interest*.’'
ulimerit* f fully concur; and f have been
in the .*t,atement of them, that there may
or misapprehension as to mv own viows
j**et. A sincere and faithful application of
Ip* ro onr legislation, urmarpeit by prixatr
interest or politieal design ; a retarirtinn of th" wants of
the government to a simple and economical administra
tion of it* nflairs—the only admifii*tration w hich is con-
md stability of tho republican
encouragement given to such
ntial to the national defence,
rs in proportion a* they are a-
1 I of which the raxv material is
with a proper respect li.r the
•* should lie imposed in
idilion of the eoriliihn-
xvould. I am com inrod. give ultimate satisfaction
*t majority of the projile of the United States,
re .ft that spirit of discontent which i* now unhnp-
prrvah’iit, and which threat.-n* sm 1) oxtensive
to the institution* of our country,
rnai improvements are so diversified in their na
ture, ami the po*-ilde agem v of the federal govern
ment in their con-lriietion, *0 variable in it* character
and degree, a* to render it not a tittle difficult to lav
down anv precise rule that will einbrnee tin; wholt* sub-
joct. The l»iit:id**-t and hot defined division, i* that
which distinguishes between tlie direct construction of
works of internal improvement by the general govern
ment, and pecuniary assistance given by it to such as
are undertaken by others. Iu the former, are included
the right to make and e*tablihli roads and canals within
the States, and the assumption of a* much jurisdiction
over tin; territory they may occupy, as i* necessary to
their preservation and use: the latter is restricted to
simple grants of mom\v. in aid of such works, when
urine under State authority.
The federal government do'*# not, in mv opinion, pcs- 1
ness the power lir*t specified : nor can it derive it from [
the assent of th" 8ta f e in which such works are to bo
ronstrui led. The money power as it is called, is not so I
ms rulcH have from time to •
se w ho properly appreciate
f precision and certainty in the opera- 1
ral power; but they have been so Ire- •
I upon by the apparently unavoidable j
.’eminent, that n final ami satisfactory 1
settlement of the question has heen prevented. The |
wide difference between a definition of the power in I
question upon paper, and its practical application tothe j
operation*of government, ha* been sensibly felt by nil •
who have been entrusted with the management of pub
lic alia in. The whok subject was reviewed in the P10-
sidenf.s Maysville message. Sincerely believing that
the best interests of the whole country, the quiet, not to '
say the stability of the t nion, and the preservation of
that moral force, which perhaps, a* much us any oilier, !
holds it together, imperiously required that the destruc
tive course of legislation upon that subject, then preva
lent, should, in some proper ami rotistitiitional way, be
arrested, 1 throughout gave to the measure, of wliich
that document was an exposition, iny active, zealous ;
and anxious support.
The opinions declared by the President in the Mays-
ville, and hi i succeeding annual message, as I under
stand them, area* follows: l*t. That congress does not !
possess the power to make nnd establish a road or canal '
within a Suite, with aright of juri-dietion to the extent I
I have mated; mid that if it is the wish of the people j
•ik tion of such works should be mulerta-
ken by the federal government, a prev mis amendment j
of the constitution, conferring that power, nnd defining
an I restricting it* exeereise, vv iih reference to the sover-
eignty of the Stales, is indispensable. 3d. An iutima- !
tion of hi* belief, that tho right to make appropriations
in aid of such internal improvements a* are of a nation
al character, has been .*0 generally acted upon, nnd so |
long acquiesced in by the Federal A State Governments, '
and the constituents of each, ns to justify its exercise; !
lutt. that it is nevertheless highly expedient that even j
h appropriations should, w ith the exception of such ■
, beacons, buoys, public pi
make.
With sontimenta of high consideration, I am, gentle
men, your obedient servant,
M VAN BUR UN.
To Joseph If. Bryan. Josinh T. Graiiberry,
and Mcmurau Hunt, Fsqs. <'ommittee, Ac.
—:oooooo:—
FROM THE ItASXEn OF THE COKSTtTUTlox.
On the effects of Domestic Competition on Prices nhronj.
—< )ne of the most plausiblo arguments advanced by the
advocates of the Re*trietive System, in lasor of tii**ir po
licy 1*. that the Competition created in the f’. S., by the
TariiV, ha* had an inflitun *e in reducing the price of cot
ton and woollen manufactures, not only in this country,
but also in Great Britain. This argument, we confess,
lias, at first sight, a semblance of truth : and we shall,
therefore, he obliged, in order to expose its fallacy, to
I examine it somewhat il in detail.
The effect of competition i*. do
prices. But vvhat is competition 1
1 between tin; producer* of particular
I milar or nearly similar description:
nearly wpi d quality, by which each
I it the interest of n pnrehns-rfo give
i which i* usually acnunplished by a i
1 It is thisnlrtiggle to winc h the world
many improvements which now
• machinery. for the great increase in
and of tl
: for the ci
Maine.
911,417
603.573
New-I fampsltiro,
J 4i>,505
i 11.233
Vei moot,
106,501)
<'^5,157
.Mn** irhusctts,
11,509,056
7,773,763
Rhudv Island,'
665,101
367,41)5
(. , o;ui”cticut,
405,066
4-2,883
Xow-Vork,
57,077,417
56,530,141
New-Jersey,
—
11.430
IVimsvIvatiia,
15,1) 1,083
5,513,713
Delaware,
31,656
54.')14
Marylnml,
4,886,577
4,30S,(M7
District Columbia
193,555
1.550,975
Virginia,
48*< r>3 >
4.160,475
North-( 'arolina.
190,356
211.140
8outh-( ’arolina,
1,588,101
6,575,801
(ieorgia.
399,910
* 3,950,813
A lah.iuri,
M i-sissippi,
1 .oiiisiaua.
251,435
5,413,804
9,766,093
16,761.989
ufiio,
617
14,728
Floriilo,
115,710
20,495
Mirhig ijfc
TouT
57,899
15,395
$ 103,191,124
$31,310,583
ibtless, to diminish
Il i* tint struggle
commodities, of si-
1, and of equal or
endeavors to make
him a pivf .?r:ce,
•eduction of price*,
i* indebft tl for the
i*t in labor-saving
Hid dexterity,
til
que
1 from difficulty
r* been suggest!
» of the
Vari
1 bv tie
and other improvements, in the harbors and navigable
rivers of the United States, for the serwrity and facility
of our foreign commerce, he deferred at least, until the
national debt is paid. 3d. That if it is :he wish of the
peojde that the agency of the federal gov eminent should
be restricted lo the appronioni iation of money, and ex
tended in that form, in ant of tuu-li unde*takings, when
rt...i that doom il to ir/cverslhle disruption; to bring i carried on by State authority, then tin* occasion, tin?
buck to the salutary principles of a I •»>.
the government buck to the .salutary principl
just nnv! economical administration; to restore to mjr
ow n bnrticannd the homes of our fathers tholr wont-
d prosperity, by the glorious effort of ivcovuriug for
luannerand tho extent of the appropriation, should he
made the subject of constitutional regulation.
In these views I concurred; and I likewise parti/i
paled in tlm difficulties w hich were encountered, and
ie economy in the application of mdustrv, and I
m*t:int 1 tl’orts vv liieh philosophy and science are
towing upon tho advancement of the powers I
j of production. Bui, competition, in order to be ellici- 1
! (Mil. must be carried on between person* who are upon
j a par, or nearly upon a par—that is, who can alio
sell their fabrics at the same, or nearly the same pr
I If A, who is a hatter, per example, proposes to enter 1
I into competition with B, who is also a hatter, lie can only
j do so by offering hi* hats, of equal qualify, at the same
I price at which the latter offersliis. If. from anv cause,
' A is not able to make them a* cheap as B. there can he ,
• no competition, on the part of A, which will have n leu- 1
1 deucy to induce B to lower his price. The tendency of
I the competition is. indeed, to make A reduce his price;
J hut, a* he cannot do this without loss, ho must, sooner
j or later, quit the field.
I The rase is precisely similar in regard lo tho position
| in which the United States stands towards G. Britain.
The latter nation, having advantages over the former,
1 in cheapness of capital and wages, and being quite up
on a par as to improved machinery, nnd very nearlv so
ns to some raw material*, and upon a better fooling as
1 regards others, i* able to produce manufacture* of cot-
j ton. wool, and iron, nt a cheaper rate than they can he
; produced in the United State*. Indeed, the difference
■ ! in the co*t of production of some fabrics, between the
! two countries, i* so great, that, were it not for high dn-
; ties, tin competition whatever could he sustained ; and,
, therefore, the rivaHhip of the United Slates, under a
, system of Free Trade, could have no influence whate
ver iu reducing their pric es. I^'t us now see whether
1 the case he altered by the artificial competition brought
about by high duties. An article of cotton manufacture,
j we w ill suppose to cost, in Lngland,' with charges of
impost added. 10 cents per yard, whilst the cost of mak-
i ing a similar fabric, nt borne, would be 15 cents per
yard. The* question then i*, whether a protecting duty
of oft per centum would have the effect of reducing the
: price, iu Great Britain, below ten rents.
In the first place, the immediate effect of such a law
j would be to dimiiii-li the importation, into the United
' States, of cotton fabrics, oil account of the rise in
l price: for nothing is more dear, than that as price
rises, consumption diminishes. This diminution of de
mand would occasion a temporary fall in the price of
cotton fabrics in Great Britain, partly ari-ing from the I
excess of Mock* on baud, for which the regular market \
would have heen thus cut off*, partly from a fall in the 1
wages of labor, which would result from tin* dismiss
ing of the surplus hands, and partly from the fall
wliich would take place iu :!*e price of tho raw mate- 1
rial. This fall, however, would not have been tho re- !
suit of competition, Imt of a diminished demand, and •
would only ho of temporary duration. The produe- j
tion of cotton manufacture* would be suspended until 1
the supply should he adapted to the new extent of the !
demand—wages would recover their former level, hv
the idle hand.* gradually finding employment in other
puisiiit*—and the pmdiietion of cotton would be di-
iniuiehcd until the supply should be only equal to the
new demand. Tito price would then again rise to ten
cent*, and tlm* far it w ill be syen that the operation of
the duties would have hr on productive of no perma
nent reduction of price. Much evil, however, would
have resulted, pending tJii« process, tothe American
manufacturers. They would, for a considerable time,
have had to encounter the foreign competition of fo
reign fabric*, sold in the market at less than the cost of
—;nnooo:—
M nnlifiiKton «ml hi* tirrend Veto.
It i* another ftingnlnr coincidence, that Gon. Aynob-
ington interposed hi* veto twice on bills which had pass
ed hn;h Houses of CongrcsH. One, on the Apportion
ment Bill ; nn I one ou tlie net to “fix tho military e.s-
tahlishm.'nt of the United States."
(ieu. Jackson ban also twice interposed hi.* vqto.—
One 011 the Maysville Road Bill and it* fellow appro
priation; nnd one on the Mammoth Bank Bill.
Neither of the Harbor Bills wore vetoed : hut being
sent up too Isle for full examination, wore left unsigned,
and his opinion given at the ensiling session on the sub
ject in favor of all such part*of them a* worn national
in their character and importance. Y'et the immaculate
opposition deride Gen. Juck.son for his frequent vetoes,
and eulogize Gen. Washington for his scrupulous ad
ministration.
Agsin: General Washington rested his last veto on
ground* of mere inexpediency, independent of the
(’onrtitution, as may he seen iu his objections, entered
in the Journal of the House of Representatives, 3d vol.
p. 73(». While Geueial Jackson rested both of hi* oil
I to | ground* of both luieoiMtUiitionality and inexpediency,
j ^ et the consistent and fair-minded opposition, call Gen.
I Jackson, on account of his vetoes, an usurper—one in-
1 dined lo ride wantonly over Congress, and one trying
‘ to breakdown all the other branches of the government,
I while Gen. Washington is called by them unassuming,
j and safe, and forbearing.
j Thank God. we still have left a man at the Head of
; the Government, who, like Washington, darn discharge
1 his constitutional duties, however those may rail who
worship only dollars and cents, or those who would bar-
1 ter tie last paiticlc of principle and patriotism for more
| power.— // ushington (Hohe.
—:oonoo:—
Voio«i for PjTsIdeut amt V. Frfflldcnt
j SINCE THE RETIREMENT OF OEX. WASHINGTON.
170ft, President — Adams 71, Jefferson 68. Vice-
i President—T. Pinckney 58. A Burr 50.
I HOO. President—Jefferson 73. Adams Gl. Vict-Frc-
\ sident—A. Burr 73, T. Pinckney 58.
; 18(1.1. President—Jefferson I(>3. C. C. Pinckney 14.
| Vire-Presidmt—G. Clinton 103. Bnfns King 14.
, M»*<. President—Madison 133. G. C. Pinckney 17.
Vice-President—George Clinton 118, Rufus King47.
1 1-13. President—Ma«J : sou 137, \)u YVilt (Minton
i 60. rice-president- -L. Gerry 138. Ingersoll 58.
I 1-10. President—Monroe 183, Rufus King 36. Flee-
j President—Tompkins 113, opposition scnltering.
1 1830. President—Monroe 218, no opposition except
| one vote from New Hampshire. Vice President—
1 Tompkin*313, opposition divided.
I 1834. President—-Andrew Jackson 99, J. Q,. Adams
81. Wm. II. Crawford 11, Ilenry Clay, 37.
183H. President—Andrew Jackson 178, J. C\. Adams
83. I . President—J. U.Calhoun 173, Richard Rush 63.
Peace with tiie laidiuns.
Wo congratulate the country upon the final tormi
nation of the Indian War. YV'e especially congratu
late <Mir fellow citizens upon the frontiers, whose
wealth has heen wasted or destroyed, and whose re
latives mid friends have been murdered, upon this uus-
pinions event.
We stated,on the 9th irut., that the Commisssoners
appointed by the. President, Gen. Scott and Gov Rey
nold*, had conclinh’d a treaty with the Winiiebagocs,
for an exchange of lands, nnd the removal of that
portion of the tribe which resided south of the Ouis-
consin. and ea«t of Ihc Mississippi. Upon a more,
careful examination, we find the quantity of land no
(mired by this treaty; greater than we then estimated.
I'lletrnct contains about 4,ti00,0()0 acres, and is repre
sented to he of excellent soil, well watered, and n-
honiidieg in inducements fur agriculturists lo purchase
anil cultivate. *
Since that publication, advices have been received
nf the formation of another treaty with the Sacs and
Foxes on tin* 31*1 nil. Bv this compact, the United
State* acquire about (i,000,000 acres, of a quality not
inferior In nny between the same parallels of latitude.
w~-h is known to abound iu leau ore, and the Indians
say. in other ores.
For the tract reded, the United States agree to pay
i importation; and, beside* this the domestic rompeti- j an nttnuitv of twenty thousand dollars for thirty years,
tion. which operating together, would have brought | to support n black smith und giin-smith in addition to
do* v prices below the American cn*t of production.—
our Country n privilege we have never surrendered, expressed by the President, in adopting the principle j Time, however, would euro the evil; an' tiltiumtelv M
powi<
of •ichttnging in 11 period of profound peace the fruits
of our labor, under a v\i»H ») stem of Iran Intercourse
with the. rest of the world 5—•« privilege which, it has
been justly said, belongs to the Christian Code among
I'ivlllzcd nation*. With these objects, and standing
firmly on <n»r rights.—I implore the blessings of Ab
mighty God on your deliberations, that they may »«•
dotted to tin* hhrriy, peace nnd happiness of our com
mon country, ns writ ns of the people w hotn you spit*
dully represm 1. J. HAMILTON, Jr.
Columbia, Oci. 21,18*52.
—:amwaj~-•
PilWrn or tmk Gzvr.im. Govzit**».«ir.—In Iho
Htttto of Now . Vork. there uro IIRJ Postinuslers.—Their
reCMipta or« y 3I3JNH) pern run nil.
In fbe tuly of Nev.-Volk tlwre ar*» # two hundred and
funy-fr »* p* 1 «.n# lh»> nu«|dnyntrip ( *f Go»i rtuntni,
whose united tduriio* amuunt 1 niinul v to f?t vToJMhi?*
tl
Which concede* to the l#?dern| government the right to nu more fabrics wottM be produced, than could he sold
limbo appropriation* in nid of works which might be re- nt prices which won! I give the ordinary profit* ofenpi-
g.irried as of a national character—difficulties which a- I ltd; and thli* the price* of cotton fabric* would settle
• .1 . e :.i : .. : J( n rL .|,|^ p,. r yard ill Great Britain, nnd fifteen centa
in the United States. It reinuin.*, now, to bo seen who-
rose a* well from tin* danger of considering mere u*
the found.itioii of the right. liom iho extreme tincei- (
tuinty nnd consequent insecurity of the best rule that ; ther tho competition hereafter to he carried on, in the
1. id ever Ih i u adopted, or that could, in the obscure of two couiitrios, would diminish tin? piiro iu Great Bri
a positive constittitioiiRl provision, be established. Tlio ‘
re eons on winch them; objections were founded, are *0
fully I’fUc d in the document refer rod to, and have beidf
soujffenshoty protmilgnU’d that it i« mmecyssai v for me
to repent them hero. BuluM-quaut retlov tion nod expe
rience have confmoi d iny Apprehension* of iho injuri*
mis consequence* which vviudd tuobahly flow finui the
iisurpiiiioiiof .i| loopriatioiisIbrinteinnl iinpruveiusiii*.
w ith no I • Her ndo fur the goiermncnt of t ’otlgless than
thnt of which I In** spoken; and Ido not hesitate to
os |»fes# n • uiv *qi a Ion. that |lu» ren ral and true in*
U ivsts cf vis tod.ntjr would lor lr sv con nfted by w,dc
tain, below ten cent*. To nxeert.iiu this, it would be
icqui-iteto know whether the number of competitor*
would In* pri nter or h*** after the imposition of the
high Untie*: fur, tnvonlinc to the number of •*nmp«-
titers, must lui the giuhahihin * of ilmiiniHlied price*.—
A moment's consideration would solve thii oilliculiy.
Tjie • stuhlbl'uient of iiiiiimfiu'itircH in thn (J, State*,
would incr".competition in this count/y; Imt tho-
i cssttiiofi ut tbe Amrrieun demaud would dmitffinh it
111 4 • **.i«t Britain: mid, a* tho number cr peis»ins who
coiibt find eioploviio nt in in*iniflictno which conld
only Ini s*rJd *t riUwntviit# f»'i yard, putrid not bv of
those now employed, to pay the debts of the tribes,
to supply provisions, and as n reward for the fidelity
of Ke-o kuk nnd the friendly Baud, to jdl vv a reser
vation to fm m ido for llioni of 400 miles square 011
the taw ay river, to include Ke-okuk’* principal vil
lage.
Black Hawk nnd his two sons, the I'mphrt, Napope
L. five others, prttii'.ipnl whiriorsoftlw hostile band»,are
tu ho rtriniued as hostages, during tho pleasure of the
President. All Hie otlierprisufirrs have been deliver-
ed up lo Ike friendly Win:* nnd Foxes.
Thu Commissioners, who have com hided these ar
rangement 1, by which a valuable country is obtained,
the peace and jecorily of the frontier* reoured, •ml n
new field-for enlerpriso opened to etnigrni-ls, are cm.
tilled to public approbation, nut only for lbr»<* restill*,
but for h iving maintained tho national uiutrarter. and
curried into effect Iho intentions of Ilia President, iu
granting liberal terms to (hfl IndUms. mid in having
inspired them vritft confidence and good will, by
treating (Ufa fcjtvj dually is ith great kmdn#»«
negotiations hnr© been conducted and 4,f ?| P
n«ss of tho principles upon which th« p,
views of the policy proper to he pursued uin,*'l 1 ’ 1
dtaits, are lounded.— Washington Globe
ro TUE EDITORS OF TUC. RECORD^
hciUinn winch pnrpurU to ho tho procuodin^’J? plll >
In: meeting, held at thi, p!«co, on (he 4th „r l P" 1 *-
month, at which ((,„>.»'camp presided ItV*" 1 '
Al.EXI.fDKR ollicinlud a.H Secretary—ami 1
hy this same T. VV. Alexander. Ai that nf,t,P W V*
has placed me ill u situation an entirely ,C,li!lr '
the Tacts, I feel constrained to correct than M rrD '*
sentatinn, so Tar ns I am concerned, Icavine ,i tCpri *’
correct nr tint, ns may best suit them This t“? 15
have dene sooner; but till now I could not i;„j nul >l
sure In attend to it. n< * “Hi lei-
Alter the meeting hatl assembled, t entercl .v, c
house just at the time that Mr. Camp and T xv .I" 1 ’
ander were nominated. There seernod to bn • ’ ,.
tion tothe nomination, nnd I supposed it
ander’saccount. Mr. Cam,, was tiien nomi n,M T* 1 '
and unanimously ended to the Chair ; nlwSt 1 *'
was, not without objection, appointed Secretary A '
After thn meeting Was tints organized Mr H
got up and said it few words—said that onr a'ht. p Un * w
sentative, Col. Foster, was present, who r J p - ,0 ‘
his views, tie Imped, in relation to the Taritr’ R1,|i
led on Col. K., who, as stated, went ir o uT , " ral '
tlte Tariff, &c, &c. Hu, he recommended no tl
resistance, neither advocated one or the other • •
the people were willing to submit, he was • jn,i lf
that Georgia had already exorcised iter resat.. 1 ? 1 ^ ,
ill relation to tho Missionaries, &c. &c • an'tt”®"'
understood by me, to say, that that case and the T ^
question were parallel. After he had conclude,! Iu'5
Mo.mger rose again. His manner and l»ngu„„ e
not possibly describe. lie however rend n loS ,
from A. S. Clayton, F.sq. to , who lmd l '
poso, invited this honorable gentleman to comT*?'
the meeting, lie then read his Preamble nnd n ,
lions. Afterwards .Mr. Williams got up, and w ™
ceeding to read the substitute, (which he said wa , p ,5
Inc, hut Imd been prepared and handed to himhv VC
Park,) yvhen Mr. km.nger lussed him, and hoistero^
lv vooilcrated, Fory— Tory—Y nnkeo, «fec. *Scc whi t
Mr. Williams treated with indifference and contamn* 1
Until tho reading of Mr. Park'* resolutions I h" T
tormined to take no interest in the meeting, excent i
vote, and had been seated in tho Lobby. After hi ' W
the resolutions, nnd finding they diff not contemnlS
•he election of Delegate* to the contemplated Conv^n!
tion, I wot:! ‘nride ol the Bar, got die reaolutiona amlexl
nmineri them. Finding that l was not mistaken, I mo.!
ed to anieitd the substitute, by inserting n resolution or
provision, thnt ire wmdd cltel Delegates to the Conceit
tion. This, Mr. Park accepted as an amendment to hi*
substitute. I then advocated the adoption of the iui>-
atituto, in preference to the original :
First, Because it provided that we should reasrre th*
right of ratification or rejection of the deliberation* of
4he Convention; whereas the original gave them un
limited powers, which I never would consent lo cloth#
any man or set of men with.
Secondly, Because it contained a proper expression of
my feelings, and I believed, Uie feelings of a large ma
jority of the meeting, in relation to the course pursued
by Messrs. Forsyth and Wayne.
Thirdly, Because it contained an expression of our
continued confidence in the integrity, &c. of President
Jackson
Fourthly, Because it brought the question of Nullifi
cation directly before the meeting.
These are some of tha principal grounds on which
1 briefly advocated the adoption of tho substitute. And
/ warmly advocated the Convention ; but yet thn reporter,
(who I am told i.s Henry Mounger;) says that “ Mr
IViUiams was succeeded, in support of his substitute bv
the Per. Mr. Dyer, John G. Park, F.sq. aiul Col. .V. /,.
Hutch lugs. These gentlemen everted thr nisei res to temper
tlte rising indignation uf their fellow-citizens against Urn
Ta riff oppress um They all, a ml particularly the two fat,
dwelt mush upon the sanctity of the. Union ; deprecated n
the strongest terms. thr. uha of disunion ami ciml irar;
and joined Mr. Williams in unsparing denunciations of
Nullification ami its advocate*.'' Dr. Alexander* pre
face, which is supposed not to be bis own offspring, ha*
the following :—Mr. Mounger hid to contend with tkm
lawyers, all oj whom wide one. or two loug speeches, also
one preacher and one member of Ihei Legislature."
These quotation* are made, because they r ftVr Im
mediately to myself; and but for them, I should hav*
boon spared this,little trouble. After I had stated th*
reasons which inflnenced'me to vote for the substitute, F
stated thnt there were two modes of resistance proposed::
one wa* by N’lillifiation, the other bv a Southern Con
vention. I was opposed to Nullification, if I under
stood the doctrine of its advocate*—I understood them
to contend, that the Legislature of a .State could nullify
the Tariff act, by passing a law that would prevent the
collection of duties on imports in such State, hy various
provision*, inflicting priorities, Ac. &c., and wan op
posed to this doctrine, because a member of the Legis
lature conld not vote for such a jaw without a violation
of his oath to support the Constitution of the U. State*,
that instrument containing the provision, that “ No-
preference shall bo given by anv regulation of com
merce or revenue, to the ports ot* one State over those
of another”—and because, whilo it was advocated u
peaceful and constitutional, if carried out, would lead,
directly to revolution and civil war, when wo would
not lie" prepared for it; and those who had heen pre
vailed upon to support it, because it was peaceful and
constitutional, would be disappointed when they should
discover it was neither peaceable nor constitutional—
and the first step would not only be a failure, but would
drive from the cause of resistance, all the timid and wa
vering ; and thus the first step, which would be tha
most important, would prove an injury* rather than a
benefit.
That I was decidedly in favor of resistance hy Co*-
volition—that l was in favor of tlie people ofeach South
ern State forming a Convention—ami that Convention
to appoint special Delegates to meet such Delegates**
might be appointed by the others, tat thorn‘drafts h®
of duties on imports, to which they would bo willing t*
submit. Let them pond this to Congress—to the Pre»i*
dent, and to each Governor of thn State* a copy—and
the one sent to Congress be accompanied, not with*
memorial, petition, or reinonstrace., Imt a firm dechir*-
tion, acliing forth our rights, and stating that the dutie*
must be brought to that standard within a given tinie>
or that we would no longer submit—that we would ap
ply for n separation and a distribution of the pubkc pro-
pertv. Every one could understand this course—and
I believe that our demands would be respected, and tha
Constitution and tho Union saved. But if it came to
tho worst, our allegiance to tho General Goverment
would, hy the separation, be dissolved ; and we should
be at libel Ly to adopt what course should best suit u*. I
further stated, that perhaps all tho Southern States might
not he brought into the measure. If so, then let us ro*
ny as would go together, (& if only one, lot that) pur*u#
the same course ; and I had little doubt that all would
be obtained that wo demanded.—That this cour**
could bo understood by every ono; and the pcopi®
would go into il with u perfect knowledge th® can *
seauences.
Lot any one compare these sentiments with the •*
bove extract, and they will be surprised that any pet-
son, however wild in fancy, or lost to every sense of
truth, could have ventured so much for a puff. I net*
ther denounced or condemned any Nullriicr; simply
gave my views of it, and the reasons why I could not
believe in the efficacy of the remedy ; and stated, that
<U»e should never use harsh terms or insulting epithet*
against others, who having the same common object i®
view, only differed as to the means.
In the course of my remarks, I attempted to »h«J
that there was a striking difference between the
the Missionaries nnd the Tariff*. In doing this, I u*®«
some term (entirely unintentionally,) at which Col. Fos
ier’s feelings Hoeiued to be touched. I explained, f h*<j
no intention at th« time to do so. He seemed satisfied
with the explanation ; and stated that my views <*f th*
subject in relation to resistance, were iu accordant*
with his own. I farther stated, that he, Col. F., h*d
given a Juitiiful history of the Tariff; and thatall h*
had said about it, and iu oppressive and unconstitution
al exactions, wore true. Yet this reporter of the pr®*
ceedings says—Mr. J*urk and myself exerted ottrselve*
to temper tho rising indignation of our fellow-mu****
against Tariff oppressions, &c. &c. I made hut on*
speech, and that a short one ; never made a single f**
pjy to Sir. Mounger, and was not in the Courl-hotf*
when he made his two nr three last speeches. W 1 r *
Alexander cull* tliarn. This much I have thought it 07
duty to say, in relation to myselft and will say •*®H**jJ
ns to the size of the majority by which the rosqlntio
I. NATHAN L. HUTCHINS.
were curried.
A GRM'.ABLY («• nn order of iho Inferior roort"
il. Gtvinnnt( county, '' ill To "Old. 0,11 * , ' ! " r ‘t.| 1^.
rlity iu Jnuiittjr the (own oT LuwreDccnlie.
iwecii lli.i ii«nnl Itot* of m(o,
All tlu* Itcul Estntf,, . ^
tietoniios (<* I Inviil tltirriion, r ",.* ■
I ftf) Acro« of Lund,belt! J'pnrl of l.nl No-!(•>•.
ftlh di-qrirt of mild county 1 (ogolher with noo ,A,.ng
re,! of x mw mn! gii.i mill, ••ollon ffin ood 1 /J
nt'irfijfif*. Hold for the bennlU of tho Ii-' 1 * s
(on of naii) di'crnxeil- .
BAhlUF.I. H. I’HAR*. AiW'
THOMAS O. GARRIS^-» u
October 50