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GEORGIA LEGISLATURE.
tint, the Conttitntion of tho United States, the Fede
ral Judiciary, and all.
___________________ But it was distressing, it was truly distressing. Mr.
4''4t»vwt%T *- _» * | President, that after having been worried, harrnsned
Spcccll Of UIl\ GORDON, of Plltlixilli, j an d discomfited, as tho gentleman was, hv these treaties
On Friday, November 14, 1834, in the Senate of Georgia, J and compact*, in his endeavor to put them out of the
on the Citation of the Supreme Court of the U. States, ! way, without nullification. to see two obstinate and r«-
and the Resolutions of tho Majority of the Committee on | fraclory laws or acts of Congn «s rising up and pro
file State of the Republic, anti the*Substitute odered by j seining themo'lves right in front of the gentleman, at
Mr. Dawson, on the part of the Minority ol the Fame , t|,js difficult point m his uiguincnt, and saving to him,
Committee. ^ .. Well.‘then, lmw. will von get over ns without the aid
Mr. President—I agree with the honorable Sena- j n f nnHineation ?” I tneau. sir. the n.-t of Congress,
tor from Chatham, f Mr. McAllister,) who has just ink- passed :50th March. 1802, to regulate the trade and in-
on hia aeat. that the worst of all arguments, is that of as
sertion without proof; and in the few remarks which
I shall have the honor to submit, I sh ill rely upon reu- j a
aon or authority for their support. ' \
I am aware, from being urged into the debate at this • Courts, in all
late hour of the night, that it is next to impossible to jjdity of a treaty, tli
do justice to the merits of the many important qiiesti* States,
on* involved in the discussion ; indeed, that I can only
glance at many of them, and that my remarks must he
limited almost exclusively in replying to gentlemen
who have preceded me on the opposite side.
Some of the most grave and important political ques
tions. the fundamental principles of our government,
the relationship between the Federal and State Go
vernments, and the rights of the people, are involved to decide thesi
in this question; and I would have been pleased to mit to their de
enemies and those who ! avc doi%ttnsed
', if you please, with flic or
of liio State Rights party
The]
lerrour.se with the Ind antril
on the frontiers—and die 25th section of the Judiciary
net of 17811, which gives to the Supreme Court of the
ppollute jurisdiction from the State
e» where is drawn in question the v.i-
CniiMiliitjoii or laws of I lie I
for refuge.
Contrast n
solutions, tin
come forward in hold relief, maintivniug and
taining themselves noon principle ; Ineftiling a manly,
free, and independent spirit, worth) of freemen.
Not like (be resolutions of the majority —limping— j iate and continue to iner
halting—lam** and blind. In search of tru'li and d**- sumednnd acquiesced in,adding new* force and strength
termim d to maintain it. the former doom si mi light , to it until it will become irresistible*. It is therefore in
imr evade the question, but come out openly and ! my opinion the lesser e\il of the two, for tin* States to
clearly, and prompt?)’ and independeitly meet the i have the light to exercise this power of check, than
question—hetrnvin? no fear and displacing no malig- I that the Federal (inverinneiit should possess absolute,
, and to prosfirve peace • nily of feeling t<» indiv ideals or to tlie Grncral <invent- I unlimited and uncontrolled |:
ely. each for itHcIf. ahonld Bank, hut to the pooirio. lie had considered the sub- ’ in by-gone days, our domestic differences let
ig and checking it in the ject hs already settled by the.Report of the Commit-| this time, when a foreigner—a strange nation—*
I' this disputed power.— tee; but, lie repeated, that if the Senator from Mis- ' concerned, act boldly mid manfully, and show
fl e fo it does, that the Statesroapoetively
I poe.«(“s tlm power of stopping and
ylnnl re-! npaiifiintion and exercise of this disputed power.— tee; but, lie repeated, that it the Senator from Mis-' concerned, act boldly amt manfully, and show
For without this check, the Federal Government will sonrl wished to renew the investigation, ho would vote undivided front to the world, whatever may be *
most certainly, sooner nr later, concentrate all power for it. , divisions at home.
in itself, and heroine absolute. The powers of this .Mr. Benton wasglad to hear that the Senator from Mr. Leigh said—He heartily concurred in the sent!
..i....i. ...i .i |,ad expressed in this de-
government if unrestrained, must necessarily nc.cnniu- Virginia was not disposed to oppose the passage of the j ment which other gentleine
power
lited Stale*
Now.hr
Mate
! K»ve
ids of Foiigresa unrcpenl-
ed. which, in order to justify* our present course, we
must declare lobe uncmistit.'itional. null and void, be
fore w e can resist the r execution and enforcement
by the constituted r.rgau of the Federal Government.
The Union party have heretofore denied this rigjit
in a single State to judge and determine for hersell, j granted—we I
and declared the Federal Judiciary to he the tribunal, when you trm
ment. They mist .tin the lights of th
principles declared in the rcsohitio
And wlid-t expressing nod shewing
tai limcin tu the Ui'lon, ami respect for the mill) riti*
of ih** gorerninriil artieg w ilhin'the stopeof
r.-s'iliilion. Ub (Air. II ) miglit l»«r«ly say ii would j linle—Hint, in a controversy with mi'y foreign Nation
loudly time l.eeo rigid, Imd tin, gentleman done so — | it whs the duty of us nil to avoid, t.y ail mean. H nv
1'iie infnriiiation whicll lie |iosjersed might pa.nilily | collision with the Executive Ue|inrlmeut of our’.iwn
, ItavH ticen erroneous, and the report oil (lie sr.bject! (Jovermneal. Therefore, lie would not nmv enter in
1 might also lie ; if however, that should turn nut to lie to any criticism of the President's measures, jf h '
lli>- ea*e, u h y then lie should hare no more to suy.— tho.. got them justly obnoxious to censure—say in
I Hut the gentleman from Virginia, i.. the course ol (Ids I he desired it to lie understood, that lie did not
-'eying this,
* —‘ in fact
questions ; hut now you i
ision. and treat their proc
elm
to sub- |
Unit
saying with ihe independence of a sovereign
thus tarcbatl tlmu come hut iiofarther.’’ We
i power to do this. Int i,<»t tIiht—W- created
you, gave* you life and being ami all the powers you
have—we limited and restricted you to certain defi
nite powers, and you have iio power* I >4 w lint we
ve the ii;iri to judge for ourselves,
ml the limits and Mi ,a rtarli up'»n
FIrip upon the I lam reluctant, Mr. President, longer to trespass iuvestignrion. would have to undergo a severe or- i impute any blame *o the measures lie had token'io oh!
tliem-elv es.— j upon the patience of t'ue Senate. which I know must 1 deal; one that was something worse than walking j tain the execution of the treaty with France, lie on-
* * 1 xliausted by this long protraet d debate during among burning ploughshares before lie had donu j ly differed with him in respect to tho course recom!
his Message ; lie was not prepared now* ij
pilW - ' " *•••• r„mnrl j ... . In tlm I. ,-n I .In >i.«11 ri 1<«rc ' 111'. I VIPT Rlllll. T IIIII III* llllllliflll III IIP (lIMIVPrPn I I'M HI - anllmriva ro. .cidilo ............ P H ... «. ... -
nitors
said, that he thought t«» be delivered from
II he
have had allowed me, time to discuss them fully and at p.inpt and disrespect. How do gentlemen of the sub-
large—hut as this is in effect denied me. by nrgin
question at this late hour. I shall proceed, though l
reel that my remarks must necessarily he hriefand lim
ited
•v! rights, and to stop you in llr
power* not granted within our limit*.
Mr. President. 1 have so often used the lerm nnlli-
i party reconcile this inconsistency f No how. j llcutiou, and ns I perceive there are some who do not
They just glide off with the current of public opinion, i or will not understand what we mean bj it—I will
without any principle of action at all. They think to • define and explain it. in order to prevent inisconcep-
sc.reen themselves from this glaring incoiisistcney. by - turn or tnisrepte c eniHtinii—for 1 discover that even
It is in vain, Mr. President, to deny, that in this case. ^ exciting the popular prejudices; sliding all reflection j upon this floor, men look moie to names (bail princi-
Ihe question comes up directly for our determination, \ upon the merits of the qu stion ; and by making this an j pies.
whether the State, yea, the single State of Georgia, Indian case, the principle they conceive. is changed, j The honorable Senator from F.nrlv. (Mr Patter-
can nullify or resist the action of the Federal Govern- \ or they hope to make the people believe so. j son,) has said, ir he could believe the original resolu-
nient in its attempt, through the organized tribunal of It is tr ie.the honorable Senators from Uhatham and j timis on your tah'e, contained the principles of iml-
that government, to enforce its laws wi hin her ow n ! Karlv. have made a desperate effort to extricate them- i lifinntinn* he would vote against them and demonic
limits. * ■ * * 1
This question we are now called upon to decide—
Yes, sir, the question is. whether Georgia can decide
far herself. The party now in power, have always
denied this right, ami even at the piesteni moment,
whilst in the very act of resistance to tho constituted
authorities of the Federal government, under the \nin
hope of preserving their consistency hef.»r<* the peo
ple, deny the very principle which they are n*»w about ; ,nd laws
to put into practice—and in order to maintain them- ) |„> very |
selves in this awkward position, of practising nnllilira- , ,-nltir* a?
lion, and denying the principle at the same time, the not so aci
leaders of the party, their orators, who have Unvoted
so much time and attention in preparation fir the dis
cussion, to weave a veil to screen themselves from the
pttblie gaze of the astonished multitude, & t!ic ridicule
to which such inconsistency must expose them in the
sight of all the respectable and intelligent; finding no
means of escape by a f ir and honest mode of reason
ing, have, in the course of debate, tieen driven to
and here lies the error into w liich
Ii is the conf Minding of power w illi so\i
the exercise of sovereign power with s
self. What is sovereignty f Itissupremi
of no equal or superior. Satan himself \
er. and great powi r, too, and yet lie is not supr
equal fo the Deity. So in relation to Government,
there must he supremacy somewbeie, and that admits
of no equal or superior, iiccause the mnnient you in-
Iri'cbicenn equal or superior, von destroy supremacy.
elves and their party from the embarrassments thrown I them with all the Ititlerness of his soul. This proved This supremacy or sovereignty, we of the State Rights
around them by tbe*-e laws and trenties; for «o long ; that the gentleman is at war with the name and not j party, shv. abides with tin* fiee people of the States
as they were permitted to e\i«t, there was iio way to | with the principle; ami that he is not governed by | respectively, (the fountain of all power in this (in
got itomg in tbi* ca*»e. without nullification. They j principle ; f.ir he has alieudy told us lie intended to I vermuont.j to he by them exercised whenever it he-
therefore reso'ved to make a hold mow*, nod strike a vote F »r tin m, and luu made along speech in their I comes necessary to resort toil for the defence and
ilenth l'"v at the w hob* ot th'*m at once, by abrogat- j favor, but now, that if they embodied the doctrine ol , preset vaiion of their *igbt« and liberties and to resist
iug them all. by the compact of 1HV2. They have as- 1 iiuHilication. In* would vote against their adoption. en ,- roaeliineiil upon them by the government,
sorted, that this compart has annulled nil the treaties I This is no doubt true, and there h*v hundreds and ' There is a sound distinction between sovereignty it-
npon tlii«‘•iibjfct. This may all 1 thousands at tins time in the State of Georgia in the • self, and the exercise of sovereign power. Tliesove-
w ho wish to git riil of these difli-1 same predicament. Their opinions are formed upon j reign may authorise and permit his agent or mim-tcr
»tho'e of us, w hose in’elleeis are I party names and not upon principle, lienee thev | to exeicise sovereign power for specific pm poses, yet
inf so acute, it is not altogether so easily to be under- I me always found upon the surface, floating to and
tood. how one party wiiliout tho oniisent of the other, j fio, from side to side, as the current of prejudice,
brogate nr rescind the con ract. Mow Congress | whim, caprice, or interest nay direct. They are with-
! from Hancock and Chatham, on tin* «im*>tinn ol novo- j Jacksonian, and its blighting eliects would not be :
1 reigi tv. They have said much about the iliriswu of i ea«y a task as to be delixered from the blighting trial ;
j sore iv if! uhj. and have holli of* them asked the question winch lie (Mr. Tyler.) Imd to go through. He thought !
1 with some degree of earnestness, ns if ibev lliougbt it be had shaken this incubus from his shoulders; and i
. could net he answered : if power rannot he divided, | although his opinions concerning the United States
I oud whether theie is any tiling incon-i**tent in that f I , Bank were Weil known, he should pursue this investi- I (ion of future liostiiitie
] answer in the aflirmative that it may be divided, mid ; gation, actuated by the most impartial motives. The j go the whole length of ordering reprisals at once.il
j that there is nothing iucntisi-teiit mi it. But I must lionoiable Senator need not feel the slightest nppre- He renlly did not anticipate that Frunee Would long
, he permitt* d to say to the geiit'emen, there is some-, liwnsiou about him. lor on Ii is (Mr. T’s) mother’s knee persist in withholding payment of this just debt, ®
; thing verv inconsistent and even impossible, in divid- . he Im l heard an adage, to which lie bad clung from I Mr. Clay then rose and said, that tie had no denir*
1 * Supreme power, and still to pres - - -• l,i * "’ s »—■. . .... ! ■ - *• - - * - - S,re
ndeil i
authorize reprisals against France, us a measure of re-
dre*s; and Iio was equally averse, nay rather mare
averse, from giving her any intimation, that unless she
shall soon comply with our just demands, we sIihII re-
I to reprisals, oi any other hostile mensurcH, against
aid be brought to think such an intiaia-
proper, lie should he apt („
iipreinacy; ( that time to this, and to which lie should ever cling, j to prolong’tlio present discussion. But he desired to
have fallen, j that in all matters, private or political—•* honesty is i sny to the Senator from I'enusyIvania, that while lie
eignty, nod j the be*t policy.” I was thankful to him for tho commendation which he
creignty it-j Mr. Benton said, that as tc the principles of disin- had bestowed on the report, lie begged leave to sav
y—it admits tcre«leduess and integri'v, by w hich the gentleman ! that if it were proper, on this or any other occasion
s-.espow- j bad been governed lie (Mr. B.)'would merely remark | for him to compare notes with that gentleman, hs to
beard the honorable Senator ter- the facts and arguments contained iui lie report, he
that he had
minute one of lii« speeches w itliout some asseveration | trusted it would not be out of bis power to defend 'lhe
of that kind. Ami lie (Mr. B.) believed also in read- reasoning'* Hint cone unions of the Committee. And
ing bis speeches they alw ays closed with this declara- j w henever that occasion should occur, he would
feel great pleasure in meeting the Senator from Penn-
aiu to those
■ liovv, bur r
tli
could s« t aside and annul h*• r contracts and engage- f out rudder or compass or ballast, tossed upon the surg- ,
ments with this Indian tribe, without them con-ent, or i ing waves, ami whirled and turned by every wind I
their being made party nr piiv y, even if we could sup* ! that blows. Therefore the gentleman tells ns, no
pose the government capable of such folly, ami guilty of j doubt truly that be has been a Jeffersonian, a Troup
acting in such bad faith, as to attempt it; and we I mail, and that lie is nova Union mail. And so you
are still at greater loss to see how that compact could may say of all those, who fbl|nw men and names in-
ry kind of evasion—to the most desperate shifts, and j abrogate the trenties made, since, the. comport itself ims J stead of principle—but this is not the case with the
the most shallow subterfuges. The homrable Sena- ];„t gentlemen who can jrmJirr null fn’ntion | republicans of the proem Mate Rights party of'Geor-
1 presume, ftrotn necessity. U j 1( *n the broadest ground, without being able to com- j gia. They form their opiui-ms upon principle. They
l cannot, in any other i prebend the principle, may uiiderstun I tins perfectly, t are always consistent. They "ill support and sus-
and be able to assign a very good and satisfactory tain the saute measure, w lielher proposed by Troup
reason to themselves for if, or at lea*-t. sufficient to sa- i or Gilmer or Lumpkin—they will rally around and
ti*»fy their own consciences. But.it is «nid. there is no ; defend the rights of ihe Stales upon the principle of
nullification in all ibis Well, there is some mystery State interposition—whether you call it Nullification,
Male fNivercignty, ti
they cure not for the na
any thing else
le, but the priu-
’ opinion. Mr. President, is at pre-
tor from Chatham, h
been driven to this course
way account for the monstrous propositions and
tenable positions assumed by that gentleman. If sure
ly must be a desperate cause, which requires such des
perate efforts. If the case was susceptible of it, it
might have been better sustained by u gentleman of
such reputed talent**. ! we cannot tell what it is. In this proceeding. Geor- j ) on pi
In the first place, the gentleman told us very grave- j g|a throwing heiself upon ln*r sovereignly, determines I ciple.
ly, we had no case to nullify ; for that.'he proceeding j f or herself whether these treaties are noil and void.', This party, in
of the Federal Court was a nullity. 1 he Citation was j nJ|J j whether they have been abrogated or not; and j sent, tin* pme-t political party upon earth—all the
nothing. All, indeed ! why then. I would ask all this t having determined tliHt question in her own favor, re-, dross ami trash an I corruption have floated oil’, and
1o do about nothing 1 W by all this array of resistance *j M pi the constituted organ of the Federal Government, I loll them pure. 'They are united alone upon prinei-
to the Federal mandate? Why has the Governor - |n p*|pinpt to enforce them. Is not this niillilicnti-! pie. Ii is their love nf* principle, and their devotion
bristled up, and pit! on such a show of courage alt at nn j ]t smells verv strong of it at least. The Govern- 1 *» liberty, tln-ir country and the constitution, that
once? Why has the honorable Senator himself, wlm I Mlf , nt n f the United Stales nas made these treaties and j mute them together. They can have no hopes of
is said to he the author of the original resolutions, de- • l|lP8H |. lWflt a „d in making them, has passed upon their ; prelemient or oflice by remaining in the minoritv—
dared the determination of the State to enforce her j constitutionality. It lias asserted ami exercised the 1 they have to stand up in opposition to alf th** corrup-
criminal laws, and proposed the einploynient <»l an i newer to make them, and the Supremo Court takes i lions of the government ami resi-t all eiicionclituents
armed force to resist ail interference ? for nothing? I cognizance of, and attempts to enforce them. The j of power from whatever quarter they may conn*.—
Are we thus eompromitting the dignity of this Inmo- s !a te of Georgia denies both the power of Ihe Federal This arrays agaiiiM them the Government with all its
rahle body, by doing this vain, silly act, of making such i cjovernmept and of th** Court. She sets up her jndg- , inllnenci*-—the office hunters and minions of power,
a show and parade, all for nothing ? Of making hat- j j t) npposilinii to them—annuls tli«*ir acts and the | Nothing short of true patriotism could induce them t«»
tie against this wind-mill ? If the gentleman he cor- , proceeding* under lh»*m—declares them null and void, j ibis. |i is easy and plea-ant to glide along vv iib the j tegrity—and h iving nailed flieir colors to tl
reef, ,we are—-and this may account for the reason I resists their exer n:ion. What is this but nullili-; current nf power, to be Imrne along upon the svvel- berty’s bright banin r) they will
wherefore his Lxcellency and Ins friends are iiiukinc cation, or the l ight of tin* State put in practice, to re- I ling flood ; Imt to resist and .stem tins mighty current
•ucli a display of courage—since they have nothing to | fc|st a|1 unconstitutional law vviihin ln*r own limits, and
fight. It is all a mere farce—a hilly pomp—a vain | that too. upon her own jud gmeut, in opposition to that
show—idle brag. | „p,| Ui fVderal (ioveinnient and its coiistiMtted autho-
Again, in nrUerto prnvfi that there wa, nothing in i r i,j <w . |, m .,vl,e, llint the millifier« have been tlerciv-
the proceeding to nullify, the gentleman ninerte that. P( | nni | what they have eniwi.loml n.
there la no suit; that to make a suit, there must ho nullification, i« not imllilication.' If they should not
parties, and to he parties there most he persons, either j |,., vl , | H , on ,| f . col vc<!, then is this unllilV -ition, anil I am
corporate or natural—and an Indian is neilher._ Well, ,| ( . rol v,.,| .|„, iiiielligeuce of the people of lliis State,
of his own Imne-ty of purpose. Lvo v speech fie
had read comtiieiiced him! ended with a high-wroiiglit
tMic'oiniiim upon Ins own integrity, his dLmtorcsted-
ness, liiij impartiality anil regard for truth. The gen
tleman. so tnr as Iris (Mr Benton's) infm illation, w cut.
need riot make any further declaration on the subject
nf hi- impartiality, and the honesty w it II which he al
ways discharged all Iris duties, for lie (Mr. I'.) was ful
ly a were of that in regard to the otlu*r branch of this
matter, lie was ready to enter into it when and where
honorable Senators pleased. Mr. B here briefly apol
ogized to Mr. Bibb Ur having taken tin* floor on Fri
day last, he being entirely unaware that tbut gentle
man was first entitled t-* it.
Mr. Tyler saiJ. that (hough lie made declarations of
honesty, it wii* not Iris intention thereby to intimate
that tin* honorable Senatoi from Missouri vv as bound to
follow bis example in any speech lie chose to deliver,
lie (Mr Tyler) meant merely lo say, that lie could
protect himself; Unit he should come out of (he or
deal of which the gentleman had spoken, unscathed
and un-eared. He (Mr. T.1 would advise the hono
rable Senator to trim Iris midnigi.t lamp, or otherwise
be might not fare so well as lie-imagined in this contro
versy. For Iriir.-clf lie (Mr. T.) was perfectly ready
for the encounter.
Mr. Benton said be hoped lo finish Ibis little con* j bcfoie tlm Senate, and must re
ver.saiioii by giving the lionoiable Senator a slight ad-j which is due lo its itnpoiianci
ot cousti'iite him sovereig
So long as there is no di-pute between the govern
ment and the people as to toe exercise of ti is power,
there will be no difficulty ; but whenever tlm govt rn-
meut assumesto itselftlm exercise of powers which the
people sny they did not grant, then they become the
rightful judges lor themselves, and so they ought to he
in all free governments.
Tin* honorable Senator from Chatham, in Iris opening
remarks, expressed seme sitprise tlpit no gentleman of
the Suite Rights party, who bad addressed the Senate,
bad d* tried the right oi* the State lo enforce her crimi
nal laws vviihin her own limits. I must conic s my
surprise at hi* surprise. I cannot conceive how the
gentleman could have expected any oilier course from
tin* Stale Rights party than that which they have pur
sued, unless iln* gentleman Mippo-ed that they would I monition, and one which held good in every station of
have abandoned their old ground, because his party | life, though, to he sure, a homely one aud it was,
had come over to them. I will just sav to t’ at gentle- “ noi to halloo before lie was out of the w oods.’’
mail, it lie supposes the Slate Rights parly capable of Mr. Tyler said, I will give tlie same advice to the
such conduct, lie lias not as vet elevated his thoughts I hnii'*iabh» Senator.
■yiv
Mr. Buchanan said, that although, and h R 5R ij
it with the most entire respect, lie could not pretend
to compare Mieuglh with the veteran who had just
taken his sent ; yet so fatly was he convinced of the
truth ami jo-dice of the position which lie had taken,
I tint lif* should, whenever it was necessary, not shrink
from entering the lists with that distinguished cham
pion.
Mr. Tnllmndge, said he rejoiced to see the unanimi
ty which seemed to perVade the Senate on the subject
of* our relations with France, and lie was unwilling t 0
introduce any topics into the discus ion at this time,
which would tend to interrupt the harmony which
seemed to prevail. At the time Ihe report was made
to the Senate, he took the opportunity to express his
approbation of some portions of it, and bis drim-nt
from otli.-r portions HI* was then of opinion dial it
were belter tliiri the committee should make no report
and that Congress should not net on tlie subject till
further information was receiv ed from France, and tlmt
the win In mailer l*e left, where it whs left by Hie
President’s message. He was still of opinion that
would have been tlie better course. But tlie majority
the committee thought otherw ise. The report is
iye that consideration
He was rejoiced to
requires great moral courage. Hence von always I
find the cowardly, the weak minded, and those waul- j
ing in moral cournge, (and they generally coi-iiinle
the majority) on the side of the government and in
1 favor of power—whilst on the other hand, you see the
brave, tin* chivalrio and the patriotic, on the side ol
j liberty, resisting despotism and the encroachments of
the government at every .-top.
ition and definition
villous with Stale
»i>i»
up to them They are not to he driven ftoni their po- I
sition, becau'e those who may have heretofore acted |
in opp -sition lo them, shall have come over. They j
do not belong to that class, that wheel ami turn and I
jump about for prejudice or popularity sake. They
act from higher and better motives. Their course is |
steady and onward in support of those pure republican
principles which are calculated t*» perpetuate the union
and to preserve the constitution and liberties of the
country from tin* hand of violence; and it matters
not with them, who are for or who arc against —whe
ther they he in tlie majority, or in the minority—they
will cling to their principle—they vv ill stick to their in-
' tst. (ii-
ith the
ii'i 1
Mr. President, it is growing la'e. nod 1 must come
to a conclusion; hut before I sit down. 1 must say a
word or two in defence of Georgia's brightest ?tH''—l
mean that man of stem, inflexible Roman viitue—The
patriot, in whose bosom burns the pure flame of love
for liberty—That noble champion of Georgia's right*
— He who has not been seduced from duty’s pa'll bv
honor’s glare—vv! n lias neither been intimidated, nor
pm chawed, nor corrupted—who never bartered his
see the manifestation of a general deposition to adopt
such h course us should tend to unite all parties, on
this question, as it was there piesented. He rejoiced
fo see, that however much we might differ about our
own Incal and internal affairs, there was hut one
The resolution was then agreed to. I feeling when the honor of the nation was concerned.
Mr. King, ol Georgia, announced the nrrival of the | Mr T said lie accorded w illi the views which had
Hon. Allred Culhhert, elected by tlie Legislature of ! been token by tin* coimniltee, aa u whole,and also gave
Georgia a Senator nf Ihe United Slates, § lo supply tin* his meed of praise to t'.e Hon. Uhnirmiin who drew
vacancy occasioned by the resignation of the lion. Ihereporl, for having displayed a true American feeling
John Forsyth. Mr King staled, that ow ing to an ae- i in it. It was a gratifying spectacle to witness the in
cident, Mr. Ciithbcrt had lost ids credentials, but that j terest manifested by the citizens, vvh", on this occa-
lie (Mr. K.) could avouch (lie fact of Iris election; riou. crowd this chamber, and slill inure gratifying lo
and as he understood that there was a precedent for i believe and know, that hot one sentiment pervades (lie
the motion, lie moved (lint Mr. Cutlihert be permitted ) w hole Ii is an Anuricnn feeling—a feeling which
to take Ii is seat. swallows up every other, when the question is one hr-
The mot mu was agreed lo. without opposition, and j tween our own and a foreign nation. No matter
the usual oath to support the Constitution was ad- w hat may be our dissensions at home, the indications
ministered lo .Mr. Cutlihert, by the Vice President, ' given here, this day, assure us. that they cannot In*
and | extended abroad. Let our motto be, for our country
Mr. Cutlihert look iris sent. i always.
Mr. Tyler, in pur-uianee of notice given, asked and
it may be true, hut 1 cannot comprehend it. That an j jf vo „ them believe it to be anv thing else. 1 lint, sir, to return to
Indian is nobody ! It in passing at range. It ie an an- j T) ; ( , sp ,.|| is brolteu—the delusion is over—it is too j — miililicatioii with me, is swim iymoil-4 with Stall? j cmintiy for oflice—He lias been cl-arced upon thi« floor
tontslung fact, if it ho true ! 1 wonder if the State of I plain to ho disguised, even from the shallowest intel- Rights or State interposition. We mean hv it the j witli inconsistency—It is cruel tint this blow should
Georgiu i* making all this parade about hanging no j It is in vain to deny it—you now practice the l ight of a Shale, in her sovereign ;:apacitv. io judge I he aimed at him by Iris old professed friends—By those
body? Why, sir, litis is the most complete act of principles which yon have denounced VV by try to 1 and determine for herself, vv liellier the compact which < who hut lately u-ed bis name to justify their derelic-
niillinctilioii yet. It is knocking the poor Indian into | COMI . t . }l i p / |, would he more noble and honorable to ! she entered into with the other Slates lias been tin. ! ti.m f oin principle—who sheltered themselves for a
non-entity. It is blotting u part of God's creation from j come ollt f ri ,nkly mid acknowledge the truth—confess luted, and whether Congress has tiaiiscended the povv- | vv liile under lii< name. This is the unkind
existence ; the whole Indian race, by the mere free t | le thing—don’t try to hide it any longer—honesty ers granted toll ''
of logle-’-and llie beauty of il is, that it is so harmless. | i s ,|, e best policy, even in polities. Admit that you j the law passed i
have licrcloiore hei
cover what the
Why Imd none of our great statesmen discovered tins
before now ? It might have rid us of*some very trou
blesome and perplexing questions? We might have
rid ourselves of the Indians long ago. If* this he true,
I would propose. Mr. President, for Immunity's sake,
to substitute a block of* wood, or a wax figure, ora
inan of straw, for this poor Indian, ami hang him in
eflisty. It will ansvyer every purpose. VV e can go
through all the formula and mock trial and execution ;
and we shall at least he able to say, we hung some
thing, a man of wax at least, and we then can huzza
for Jackson and Georgia, and gold and glory, and all
will he Well: and by this means, just as easily de
ceive the people, by making them believe this was an
Indian, as that the proceeding in this ease is not nulli
fication.
It is thought, Mr. President, by these shallow devi
ces, lo deceive the people ; but. I tell you. sir, they j Georein, th
are not to he so easily deceived. They are not quite j erned by p t
so ignorant. I know they have been much practiced 1 always hringiiig'tlicir doctr
upon by tlie artful and designing, by the use of names | ligkt, and exposing tli
and that you now dis-
! SllppO«C,
bts party have always de- j right of a State to violate the constitution or lo nullify j
1 if so, to refuse obedience to J all. And liovv, I would u*d». lias lie been guilty of* in- ]
ition of it. It does not mean i consistency? why it is paid by one, that he has of late
have asserted, the ; changed his politics ? This is a mistake—ri is the \
I to he true, tlmt the States cannot maintain their
sovereignty and protect their reserved rights, without
the exercise of this power. It is the only means by
vvlriHi the encroachments of the Federal Government
can he cheeked and arrested ill its onward inarch to
consolidation. This wo have told you from the be
ginning* This is, and always lias been the doctrine
of the Republican or State Rights party. I hope there
will no lunger be auv sliiillling in iln* ranks, and tlmt
gentlemen will be vv Imt they pretend to be. It you
are State Rights men, be so in reality—-don t take the
name ami .'any the principle. If, on the. other hand,
you are Federalists, be so independently—doll l deny
the? nnme and bold to the principle.
Between the two great parties now organized in
»xisls this difference. The one is gov-
ple, the other by policy—the one is
ml principles to the
—the other is hiding
•oiistiiulional law; but to declare an unconstitutional
act to be no law, and to refuse obedience to it, lie- J
cause it is unconstitutional ami of no obligatory force., j
This is vvlwit every iiulliiier in Georgia, who under-j
stands bis principle*, means hv it, ami nothing else, |
and this is exactly vvliat we are now doing ill this in- I
stance—we have to declare all these treaties, the in-j
tcrcoune act, and the *J5lh section of the Jn liciary j
act, together with tin* proceedings of the Federal j
Court in this case, unauthorised and unconstitutional, i
and therefore null and void ; and to retuse obedience (
to them for that reason. We cannot justify our oppo- j
sition to them upon , nv oilier le
it is vain, it is folly, and vvor-e ilia
to act upon any other principle.
1 would ask, sir, if it is not necr
nervation of liberty, and the run
and misrepreseii'atiuns—hut you cannot deceive them ai ^,| (-ouceiding theirs in the dark—the one is end
in this. They have seen and felt loo much upon this ! 0| .j„g inMruri and enlighten the penpln. the other
subject, and they will believe an Indian is some body, I j () ( | r( :eive n „,| delude them—tlie one is Irv ing to
in spite ofall you can say to the contrary ; and as I I „„,kr plain and simple! the i.tlmr to mvstify, ’to can-
believe so, I shall not ship to prove it, lest I might pus- f ol|ll ,| nl|l | to confuse. And this is exemplified in the
aibly fail. . . I course punned by the two parties oil this very qm*s
and that resistance loan uinuiriioris'd act. is revo'u-i to poitcrity.Surrounded vvilb a halo of glory, as blight
lion. The consequence of this doctrine is. that re-, and imperishable ami uiri'adiug as the miii itse'f
volution must result from every attempt on the part < I had many other tilings to siv, and winch might be
ol the .States to rescue ti e constitution from viola- j very pr qierlv said in reply to various other m illers
' lion; bv the two sets of rcs'dulions, anil by the (lit- I (’(ingress, but must submit until the law is repealed, i dorii the pages
| Terence Hi the principles of the two parties as main-i
taioed nuri advocated upon this floor in debate. The
one is Irank, open, candid and independent in the a- ,
vovvhI of their principle*, laying down clearly and
' distinctly the grounds of their action, which are the '
great republican doctrines of 175)8 and I7H9. The
j -*ame vvbicli Georgia Iriunipliiinlly acted out in le*Jo— i
‘J(> and ‘27, and which the party now in power in H i,
' State, then denounced, and did all they could to put
down. They .vere tln-n hi rayed on the. tide of A
| dams and Gaines and Crowell, and the Federal army
of the.
Partaking very much of the same character, is Hint
part of tlie honorable Senator’s argument, by which In*
has attempted to get around all tlie Treaties made vviili
the Cherokee tribe of Indians, for nearly forty years,
from the treaty of Hopewell, in 1785, unlit the last
treaty of Teltico, in 1824.
Instead of coming up to the question sonarely, and
meeting it boldly, by denying the right of the govern
ment to have made those treaties, and declaring them
null nod void, so far ns Georgia is concerned, and
that she has ’lie right to judge and determine for her
self, that they are nullities, and to treat them as such,
upon the ground, that Georgia never empowered the —against Troup and the Treaty, and the right
Federal Government to cede away any part of her I Stale. These principles rest upon the republican doc-
territory, or to strip her of her domain and jnrisdich- | trine, that the Stales were, and still are sovereign and
on vviihin her own limits—the geiitleuian, without lie-1 independent—tlmt sovereignty abides *.'illi the people
nefiting bis side of the question, has adopted a new j of the States respectively, and not in either the State
mode, by which to test the validity of those treaties, j or Federal Government, and that in cn«cs of dispu-
and to annul or s**t them aside. He bus asserted, that, ted power they are the judges fov tliein-elvex, and
a treaty made with an Indian tribe, was no treaty—! their judgment is Hipreine, beennse there is no povv.
and why 7 Because, says he. it is not a compact he- er above tin* people in a republican gov'eminent,
tween sovereign and independent nations. The par- 1 when acting in their •overeign character. '1 in* oppo-
ties are not ol*equal dignity in point of national ciini* j site prim iple, mak .-» tin* people subjects and tin? gov-
acter. This might all have done very w ell, if tlie g*?n- j eminent sovereign. I Iris is the doc trine of King* and
tleman had first shown to us. that this was necessary. Despots, and iff all who l«»ve power and who are ad-
in order to make a treaty. This, I fancy, the gentle-1 vocates for strong government.
man would have found difficult. VVliat is a Treaty ? i Let ii< turn our atteni’n n lor h moment to the char
tin'States should possess this power 7 W ho*, sort of
government would vv.- have without it ? An utiliiiiif
ed despotism—just that -ort of government which the
honorable Senator from Hancock. (Mr. Baxter,) pre
tends to dread ; but which li.s submission doctrines
lead to;—consolidation ol all power in the Federal
Government. It is tlie doctrine of tlmt gentleman,
tlmt a single Slate cannot rightfully resist any act of
•atherenck that has changed, and not tin* magnet
A •rain, it has been said, and an attempt lr«s been
ub* to prove? it by two Inniorahl" Senators, that be
inconsistent, because be voted for toe low to enforce
? r.tu'iargo. Imt In? voted against the law to enforce
i Tai 'rii*. I low docs this prove bis inconsistent') ?
• might have, and I suppose did consider tin* I’.iii-
rgo | iw constitutional and expedient, and therefore
ve voted for the bill to enforce it. But be might
ve, mid I suppose did consider the Turitl* act im-
ustifntionnl and inexpedient, and therefore asan ho
st inaii, and laitlrittl servant of tin* people, voted as
duty bound be was, against tlie bloody bill, w hirl,
light lo enf iree ibis act of abominations, upon his
ite, and upon the vv link* South, ev. n at tin? point of
| the bayonet. And is lie lo be cliarged with innmsis-
try for the pie- teiiry and dereliction of prim ipit*, because In? did not,
utum itsell, that j like some others in Congress from this State, vote loi
nnte ground, and
folly, to pretend
a bill to oufitrcti a law upon their coii.-titueuts, which
they admitted imt only to be uijn-t, unequal and op
pressive, but also unconstitutional f
Sir, 1 am amazed at the length to which gentlemen
seem prepared to go for tin* sake of party Others
may bo found ihe primt instruments of power; but
let them not charge George M. Troup, nor t.iiuish bis
ss a s wiider; that name wliich shall u-
of Iris country’s history and go down
obtained leave, and introduced a bill j roviiling for a
svstem of laws tor the District of Columbia ; which
was twice load by unanimous consent, and referred to
(be Committee on tlie Judiciary.
Wkdnksdav, January 14.
FRl’.NCH AFFAIR8.
Mr. Ci. vy said—In all that tin? {'resident lias «aid of
the obligation of the French Government to make the
stipulated provision lor the claims, the committee en
tirely concur. If tin? President, in Iris Mess:ig»*. after
making bis statement of tlie case, bail stopped there,
and abstained from the recommendation of auv speci
fic measure, there could not have been po-e-ibly anv
diversity of opinion on the subject, between him ami
any portion of the country. But w hen lie pier|u es ihe
confidence which lie entertains in the, French govern
ment; when he ex presses his conviction, that the F.xe-
} cutive hraneli of that government is lioi.e-t ami sin-
j core in its profes-ions, and recites the promise bv it.
• of a renewed effort to obtain Hie passage of a bill of
I appropriation by the French Chambers, it did np-
; pear to the committee, inconsistent with these prufo-*-
• sinus nf confidence, that they should In/ accompanied
by the recommendation of a measii e which could on-
| ly be authorized by tin* conviction, that no confidence,
or, at least, not entire confidence, could be placed in
j the declarations and professions of the French Go
vernment Confidence and distrust, (said Mr. C.,)
• are unnatural allies If we proles confidence anv
; w here, especially, if that confidence be but f r a limit
ed period, it should be unaccompanied vv ith any indi
cation whatever of distrust—a confidence foil, free,
frank. But to say, ns tin- President, through our Min
ister. lias said, that we will await the issue of the deli-
be'Htions of the Chambers, confiding in the sincerity
of the king, ami this, loo, a Her hearing of the rejection
of tin* lir-i bill of appropriation by tic* Chambers, ami
now, at the very moment when the Chambers are a-
hoiit deliberating on the subject, to throw out in a
Message to Coiigro«s, what the
FO ItHlOft.
turn, and to preserve the government in its original
purity.
The States are in duty hound to pres rve the con- |
stitiiiion. They cannot preserve it by suffering it to !
be violated, and yet in lefusing to submit to its viola- j
lion, they are guilty of rebellion, or revolution, mid
incur the guilt of treason. Is it right or is it wrong |
in the States, to submit to unconstitutional acts? Ill
cannot be right, because in submitting to nnconstitii- j
tional acts, they no pnesce in the violation of the con
stitution, which they ure hound to preserve.
It is admitted that the Federal Government is one j
of strictly limited powers—vvliat i* the use ol* limita
lions, without the power ol check, when the limits are
transcended ? We had as well have no constitution. |
VFRY LATL FROM EUROPE.
Nkvv-York, January 11.
The packet ship South America, Cnpt. Wnleriiinn,
. arrived below on Saturday afternoon, and about eight
| o'clock we received our papers by express nero«s the
island, viz ;• London to tin* evening of December
j U»tb, and Liverpo'd to the I?tia.
j The new British Ministry wa«formed on the 15th.
I The advices lV«*m Paris are to Dec. 13th, evening.
Nothing b id transpired on tlie subject of the Amen-
\ can Treaty.
In F.uglaml much dissatisfaction was manifested in
many places at tin? revolution in the Ministry; pub-
1 lie meetings were, being held ulmo-t without number;
but no acts ol' violence bad been committed.
I'nnn the London Ulobr, December Ifif/i, Evening
THE NEW BRITISH MINISTRY.
1 The fallowing isiv correct list of the New Cabinet
Ministers appointed at the Council held tbi-) afternoon
at M. James’-* P lace :
Sir R. Peel. First Lord of the Treasury and Chun
cellor of the exchequer.
Lord Lviihurst. Lord Chancellor.
Duke of Wellington. Foreign Secretary.
Lord Whainclilie, Privy Seal.
Lari ol Aberdeen. First Lord of the Admirably.
Lord Ro-slyn, President of the Council
Mr. Goiilburn, Secretary for the Home Depart
ment.
.Mr. Ilerries Secretary of War.
Sir Henry Uanlinge Secretary for Ireland.
Sir ti. Murray, Master General of the Ordnance.
Mr. F. Biuing, Pre-mUiit of the Board of Trade.
Sir F. Kimtc iibull, Pay master of the Forces.
Lord Lilenboroitgh, President of the Board of Con*
trol.
Flu? above form the Cabinet. The' Secretary-
ami tin- Chancellorship for tlm
are not yet tilled up.
The following ajHioiutments have bc* ii made;
Sir J. Scarlett, Chief Baron of the Exchequer.
Sir L. Sugd ti, Chancellor of Ireland.
Lord Jersey, Lord Chamberlain.
Loniiov, Dec. 12.—-Lord Stanley lias refused to join
Duke's Administration, and the Tories now sny
the
mhruccd in this debate, but the lateness of the hour,
and the evident impatience of tin* Senate, forces me 1
to ii conclusion, winch I now come to, by declaring it !
to In* my intention to vote for iln* adoption of tin* sub
stitute ottered bv the gentleman from Greene.
vo xu sii:ss.
IN S r.N AT Iv -January 13.
The following resolution being offered by Mr. Bln-
ton gave rise to the caustic debate which ensued :
Itesolred, Tlmt tlie Committee on Finance be in-
stroi leri to obtain from the Bank of the United Slates
To make the (im-mm-nt .1,, of it. own paw. I "‘“I’? "f," 11 i »*'r"c'"»n.if n..y, lathe l!u»,«h 15.,ak.,
J • «„r,r.o ' directing them to collect a
|.dlars to the mother Bank
aniioalfv remitted ; tin
ers in tin* last resort, and to give it I lie right to enf
its judgment, is to make it absolute, a complete des-
p» tism—and lifts was the doctrine of the Union party r .....
twelve months ago—1 hardly know what it is now. I 1 .j * r ‘ 11 *
Then, you denied the right of State interposition. I ' I* . TV!!"
now, you denv the right of the Federal Court inter- • 1,1 ** k
It ia a compactor agreement between parties. It is J acter ol the resolution* of tho majority of the Union, ' position ; consequently, if you are consistent, you |
not neccMsary they should be equal. or k sovereign and ' alias Federal party. They are so guarded against have arrived at the ultimatum of eon-o’idution — a 1
independent. These treaties or compacts are often these republican principles, that whilst compelled by government without check of any sort, unlimited, tin-j
made between the conquerors and tlie conquered. It tin* force of public sentiment ai d the growing p* pu- restrained save bv its own will, ns despotic as any
it only necessary the parties should have nationality of larity of this doctrine, to admit it in part, v• t they are i upon e :rth, and yet yon talk|ahout Union and Con-ti-
character sufficient to be capable of in iking those ; » ( » mixed up with life Federal doctrines, as to eon-‘ tntioii, and Liberty, and even the sovereignly of the ,
found all distinction, and leave them perfectly ambi
guous and uncertain io their character. They lay
dow n no di-tinct propositions or • prim ipb* 8 of ac
tion. They are deficient in principle and Delpl,
r, they
drawn with
compacts—and that is a matter for the determination of
the nation or government with whom they are treat
ing*
The government of the United States have always
recognized this Indian tribe as a nation, ami have c-d- 1
led tneni to. They have denominated these compact*
treaties. They made them and ratified them wi ll all
the formalities and ceremonies of treaties. The Eu
ropean nations, ever since tlie discovery of this conti
nent, and the American Government, ever since its ‘ equivocal ground, that they may he turned over io
existence, have been in (lie habit of treating with the either the Federal or Slate Rights party, a- the one or
Indian tribes, by agreements which they denominated j Ihe other may gain the ascendancy. If is true, they
iremtirj—which they called so, and which were made seem to have a very strong “squinting” at the State
and ratified a* such, according to tlie inode prescribed Rights principles, and in some pml'n iilm *. come op
by the Cotmliluliou and laws of nations. Shall we very clou; to that doctrine. Audi would here it
then now, in order to get round the doctrine of State mark that I have no objection at all to > our coming l»\
interposition, refuse to consider them wlmt the go. j the side of u«, mid occupying ill common with u*. the
veroment which made them, denominated and deelm• Slate Right) ground. It is the good obi republican
States.
1 have said, sir, that the States were pledged to sup
port and maintain tlie Constitution of tin? United
Stales, and that when they permit imcoiislilutioual
baracter. They nte or may be construed to mean laws to be imposed upon them, they do not support
any thing and every thing—to «u*ri any body ami ev
ery body. By picking and culling parts to soil each
* trimmed to the
eye to tin* future
and have been
L’ciipying Mich
and defend the Constitution, hut suffer the violation ol* f a **' ,° , % I I V
that sacred instrument. Ilow can the government,
tlierelore.be preserved in its purity, unless the con
stitution he guarded ami defended from violations ?
How can the union lie preserved if the ((institution
he destroyed ? And how can the States preserve the
constitution, if they are hound to submit to its viola
tions t
It is true, soma inconvenience tnipht arise out of
the wanton exercise of this power, hut il is not likely
I remit Spanish milled
the number of •noli dol-
ales at which they sold
r about tlie beginning of
of the year; whether the Bank of tin*
Ini* sold such dollars lo Jibe United
Stales, and it so. how many, and at what rates ? how
many it has sold to others, or exported to foreign coun
tries. Abo n statement of the ain-miri of gold coin ;
of the amount of silver Coin ; and the amount of bul
lion reunited to the mother Bank, or elsew here, by
her order annually, since tin* first day of Jiminrv.
1832 ; also a statement show ing the amount of silver
coin find of gold coin remilted by the mother hank to
each branch, xinrn that dav ; also the amounts of gold
coin, and the amounts of silver coin, annually sold or
annually exported by tlie Bank since tin; said first day
Mint of gold re-
eived from the United Stales Mint since tin* first day
of August la*!, and a statement of the w hole amount
of gold on hand in the Bank, and its blanches, for || w5 |
each month, from April 1st, 18.12, to the present n ice
time.
Also a statement of the gross amount* ot half year
ly profits of the Rank, from the commencement of the
institution to the present time.
Mr.Tyi.kr **aiil lie had no objection lo tlie nflopti
go lo Uongro 8 *, vvii.it the I're.-ideiil hi
siderod might possibly be viewed as a menace,appear- •hip for tlie (’oh
ed to tlie committee, with all due deference to Hie Ex- Dutch)’ ol Lane;
eciitivc. and to the high and patriotic purposes which
may be snpposci to have induced the recommendati
on, to he inconsistent to such u degree, ns not to be
proper to he seconded b v tlie action of Congress.
Mr. Kino, of (Jn.. after paying the highest compli
ments to Mr. Clay’s report, said : . .
He did not intend to commit himself* or the Senate j that they will ho better without him. This is the old
of tin? United Slates, to any specific mode of action on slorv ol the lox and the sour grapes,
the subject. He was disposed to hold out the idea,! Liverpool, December 17.—Nine hundred and fifty
vvliicb In? believed to he true, not only to France, hut ! elicits of tea have been imported Iroin the United
to the American people, that wo are not to he tied j States in the packet ship Luglaiid, w hich arrived here
down on the subject of the treaty ; not to he so com- 1 yesterday.
nutted, that we could not indulge any further action i Indiclaunt of the Bishop of Winchester.—A true bill
during the present session, if circumstances should arise ' was on Wednesday found by the grand jury ol Bar-
to justify such action. Though c unmiltcd to iio ape- | rey, against the Bishop ol \\ iuchesler and him®
cilic action, though not pledged to adopt life action of others, among whom are three clergymen and two
the President, yet, in the event of information being magistrates, on indictment for un assault committed
received from France of such importance as lo ju-lilv 1 npon the llev. Cornelius Griffin, at a public meeting
action, if willing and justified. t aud disposed lo further ! recently held at Epsom, on behalf of the Society lor
action, we might accordingly act. the propagation ol the Gospel in foreign parts.
.Mr. Webster said—lie wus not prepared, nor did ! Ghent, Dec. 13 —Our arrivals fri tu Germany men*
he wish to say vvliat might ho necessary to do hereafter. | lion that n marriage has been determined on between
lie held it as policy and prudence, to j-eo tlmt nothing her Royal Highness the Princess Victoria, presiimp*
w as presented, which required an intimation from the \ live heiress ol the throne of Great Britain, and In*
Senate, as lo what would he done in a future cumin- l Royal Highness Prince W i I limn Alexander Cim® wn *
geney. The proposition of the Im uorablc Senator i line, tin; second son ol* his Royal lliglmess the Prince
was liable to lliis objection : that it found.* the report I of Orange. ^ . .
on reasons which may cease to exist to-morrow io ef-1 Death of the Rev. Edward Irving.—On the bin
feet, and we mi«ht not choose to he committed by the j iii>t., (Dec.) at Glasgow, between the hours of II a |,d
recommendation in the Message, even il* the reason 12 o’clock, ul night, in the 43d year of Iris age, th®
did not exist nl the convocation of the Chambers, sop | Rev. Edward lrv ing. He was sensible to the k‘ st .
uiu inn i.n-i in i c uiiii"uunm hi iiiu niqr “ — — #
pnsiug thill tile Chambers, contrary to anticipation.] nml his departing words were, “ In life or ill death i
should reject the hill; that if the Executive (’oinicils of am the Lord s;” previous lo which lie K,,n r
that any State would ever exercise this power vvati-! of the resolution, and he wished it lo ho distinctly uii-
lotily. A single Stale will always be reluctant t<> ex- der»tood, that Him Uofiimiitoe on Fii
bad
France, leeling themselves hound by pood faith lo fulfil | psalm in Hebrew, aecompauicd hv his wife’s futker,
the treaty, should dissolve the present Uliambers, ami i the Rev. John Marlin.
call the new Chambers, lie did not wish to say, ho did j 1' RANCL. »
not predict, vvliat would he the opinion of the Govern-I The Chamber of Deputies, after a day or two oi
incut in that state of things. In short, he desired to interregnum, resumed its sittings on 13lli D«u»al«J*
leave ihe whole question entirely open, without any '» The busine-s commenced ut about hall-past one. * •
stipulation, any modification, anv intimation, ono way j Dupin in the Chair. Alter some icpmls were
or the other, vvliat would he done hereafter. ’ upon petitions of local interest, the President ul tu®
Mr. Buchanan said—France, from the langung* of' Council, the Duke de Treviso, rend a project or »
side ut, will have n • right to consider this a me-. relative to the Military School of St. Cyr. A* ,er
mice. It is no more than to say, diplomacy has end-} were not more than 15'! deputies present,
ed. and the treaty must be executed, or we shall, bow-1 Paris, Dec. 12—M. de Broglie i* defiiidivcly ®P
ever reluctantly, be compelled to take redress into our pointed Ambassador to Loudon Nothin# i* wan e
hands. France is a bravo and chivalrous nation ; her ! to make his nomination otlirial, hut to know th® 11,1
whole history pmvestlut she is not to he intimidated, j isterial arrangements of the Euglirii Cabinet-
even by Europe in arms; hut alio is wise as well as j People have long considered as a joke lliBR ,,,,0, * n
warlike. To inlorin Imr that our rights must bo as-1 niunt of a claim made by the Emperor ol Riissia. *^
i*i rise this riglit.l’or however justifiable, she will have tilily vvlmlev
• it In
- - k°s- scried, is to place her in.the serious and -oleum positi-1 - e l0
the conleuiplated inquiry, or on of docnlmg vv bother >he will r(?sist the payment of! indemnity, which lie pretends to be due by fn" -
• iiiu I'ivmi i <• it. Ill* ifclii-ri u iutfi i.t.- r.in'.i i il.ii ii ii Im ii ii v iiiiLioo. iii eousHoiiMiii-ii ol the wai
invested with the rights of 1'olaud, lo a eoin»id® ru ^J”
the gentleman vvbut they are ? lie did not deign to mil enough for os all to stand on; but we object to your
ue—but yet I woidd like to know. If they are not 1 poshing uiolfniir old ground, which we have alvvnvs
treaties,they are certainly compacts or agreements, or maintained and occupied—we nr • willing !•• receive
ongagemeous,on the part ol the Federal Government, you a* Iriemis into our camp, and to afford von shel-
They are oertaiuly nnt like the Iiidiuu, nutliiiig ut ull! ter from the storm, but we do not intend that you
They must be acts of the Federal Government. Hut shall drive im out a* enemies, in order that you
•till I do not see, if th# Senator could prove this posi- may enjoy all the Irons and glory ol the vie He v
of the other States. Tlie majority will ulw'ava be u-! il nUo to In? understood. Hint, without being by any j that this result is inevitnhle, (lie money vv ill be paid ! the empire. Il is atuted that the indemnity
gainst her. She will he Ihe weaker party, and iio. I means friendly to the Bank of the United State-, lie | mid although 1 hope I limy bo iriiotaken, 1 believe j it I SB millions, nud that Prince Lit keck! H
thing but a miiism of wrong and flagrant invasion j could, *o far a- Iris invcxtigali'iii on the Committee ex- theie will be no payment until alio knows we shall as-1 stoned to demond the paymeiil of it. It wn* oin rMI
of her rights, will induce her to resort to this reine- extemleil, pronounce tl. t the charge cmicltr d in Ihe . hiiiiio this uitiimle. France has never appeared to re- 1 to-day, that the claim is serious, that all ||itd®*** 111 *. n
dy, nor will it ever be exercised but in extreme ea* J res«duii.ni was unrounded. That clooge was long sinee | gard the question in this serious liglit. in support of it have heuii received by the R l,# *
m's—lor it is the interest of the State to remain in ; made, wa* alriy rebutted beture the lahon nf Ilia <’( in* The Presidenl, at ilia date of the message, was nol Legalion, and that it is believed that avery !
the Union, and to preserve it and the government, j miHee ot Finance commenced ; nml that Committee nware tlmt the Cliainhnri would H»»eiiihla on ihe flot ! ^ Imped from the usual romphusaiico of th® t 1
lion, which he has labored so much to atUlilidi, that it which our principles have gained.' All we nvk ol in ris original purity and s’reugth They gave Iree- j would have he«*u strangely forgetful o| then duly, il of the uionlli. No such iuform.iliuii had been r un* lni»*iru Uubiliat.—Mcusager, Du. 13.
would get him and hi* party out of the ddeimiur—For i ) on it. that y«»u w ill not bcrealter play H'iMri. It will ly end voluntarily lo lire Federal Government nil the i they hud not hilly Inquired into il. Tho charge ol a J muuicuk'd lo him. It now appears that I bay did as* | rtf AIN
•d lie matter of asio
if they are uulliiies. Georgia, in order lo act in this
~ Mm, limit pronounce them »o—In order to assert and )ou who got into power hy demiiiucoi
•iouin her right of jurisdiction mir th# t baroka# pin of the Jitnla lB.hu party. should i
rntory, in spun of all those solemn engagements uii . pellet! hi pmctlce iliem in order to im
•liineot rind-urpriM*. that powers it p«isM*-*e-. and tin* Status will I,.- willing to
- nt; :|m* primri- allow L’nngre** Ihe full exelc i-e ul a I tlie powirs
In ciini. • !• urlv granted; f’«#r it is to the inter. *! .d* the Stales
lorntory, ia spite of all thooe solauio #iigageioenis mi spelled to practice them riPorder to tnmnhrin )oor • that it should, and sn long asilic (Nmgrcsi. r. IV ii ill* ft out
tho |«it of the Federal Cioverituioiit, no mailer by j * lve# in (mwer. But this only proves ihe soondoers the eiercia# of doubtful powers, then* will lie no dri
ve bat Dam* you rail them, Goorgia toual pronounce ol our doctrine, and the efficacy ol our remedy.— , lidiliy; it is nil v in ihe ncrcisw of douluftil powers
Ihomoull snd void, nod resist their ani'orceioc ol, even I < 11 In cases o| .(«,.•*.iiy that vve ic its unlit).— that contests will arise, nud ill ca>es of queslionalile
umfar Ik# Mochooof iha Federal Court. Tbia ia tlie j It i» Ibei* discovered, that itothing else vvi l do. or ilUpultd power, it i* mm It •atei and belts r that
(Miungnt sort of uuthfi itiuOi (ut jt it annulling Uva* but tlm tiletd mt< r|0»itn*u Then it is. tlmt n» | Crimjrcrs should not exernso lint right, and il si.o
sllic in gold and *dvr
in \ m 'M, Hii l the Couitliiiti*
limde egaiiMl the Bank, | nemhle on Hi.H da
had I'lliy looked Kilo it, , should Vole lor |l.
and could not ■ mi tin ri. Mr. Tyle* said, II thr lion*'
(liable .Senator fmiu Missouri wished the reference of
the resolution, lie was ready In vote for it I but In*!
wished it to lit* understood, tliiri, nitli«»tlf*ll he stood in !
Ins pU>e at tlm coiistlriiiionul i iiamy oi the Bank i.fj
l otted HiatCS) lie a* 4 member of the (’oiihmiIIi
Culhhert si
an i|"Uirili|o
This W as
And the only reason tliiri lie
hilloti was. that Im was willing
null of thuir ilelilmiitlioos C"Uld ho
Id—If il was pnssIM#, there ouglil
m vole oo (In* most hopmlairi qi.es-
i hid vvlmli rieioaiided not uni) pru-
"ram „ n
The Mem ui ll des Pyreiiuees of Fau says t *
firmed that /iimal tcarraguy lias w rillet* *° '
iim, piopiMiiig, as a umiins ol* potting au ® ,M ' ,u . ‘
blood in the I'eiiiusula. null a luerriai
•miracud hoiweou th.) young (gnaei* ***
Don Curio*i hul Hum repliedt *"• *
,• ... i ti...;. war. Itsssf#*-
il. ine, hot involved Ho* pii le him! honor of the
should bi-
llm smi of
In la uniat Drat lay daw a tba •»
fore, is slunil lo rtf’tomiun'Ur
with laciaaau® BWJ*
I'miiHC, stood Ibcru to tin jnslico, uol only to the J Adiurtcau t huiacu r. .Whulavtr miglil b®va Immmi. ; a**d will bocouia a war of oateruiinariuii.