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mar* or mantua—a truh «tort.
DT O. P. It. JAMES, ESQ.
“ Tite nofile House of {Jonctigu,” says an Italian writer,
iu the your lli.57, " IihiI declined of its former splendor,
and, forgetful of its tmcieni valor and wisdom, had given
itstfit u ( i to luxury ami itiiiunji<*ruiiee." lliree firollters hod
successively tiiicii the duc.ii ch iir, Friincesso, L erdinando,
and Vincenzo, and each hid dissinguished himself not by
restoring mtv v is v in tt «l»-c.iyiug lo.e, but by introducing
now modes and forms of vital.
The first nf these brutbers, Franressn, itad left otte child
by a neglected and injured \v .h , hut that child w.-.s a daugh
ter in her mere infancy when her father died, and while tse
u.idiiubted law bestowed the Duchy of Mantua on the bro
ther of the d -ceased priace, the arm of power gave him also
the Duchy of Monterrni, wltii h the lawyers of Italy held to
belong <d her own right, to Marv of .Mantua. Utufi r the
guardianship of her uncle Ferdinntd, she rose toward.- i md iium.
womatihrxid, acquiring new graces and new arcmnpli.-ii-
ments eccry hour, but • uiciv sulk red to appeiii' at hi* rout t,
«nd kept carefully from t..e eves and tongues oi ail "ho
might be captivated by her beauty, or informed of her
right s.
At length, however, in the year l(>2u the consequences
nf vices and lollies carried Feidinando childless t<» the
gitovc. and the last male of the race, Vincenzo, hound his
brow with the ducal wreath of Mantua. Scarcely had he
taken possession of the dukedom, when Mary received a
summons to appear in his presence, and hastened to ooey.
She was at the time it the convent of , a few rail: s
from the city of Mantua, in which she hud been educated,
and usually resided. No stall—no display, marked out
the princess from amongst the nuns; ami it was only a
greater degree of liberty, a different dress, and llie practice
• >f t ie various accomplishments which formed the rent 1 “1
her solitary life, that distinguished the fair young Due. ess of
the Montlcrrat from her cloistered companions. 1 wo ser
vants, indeed, were allowed to her—the maid who had at
tended on her from her youth, and the guud man who had
heeu ordinary tvuyer to her mother, fcdic had mules loo,
to take the fresh air beyond the limits of the convent gar
den. ■ o that her life was ctis* , if not hap] y, at d feeling no
passion, knowing-no joys beyond the otic* of he
of Mantua, howefer, stopped the carriage, and Irving to
raise her gentle voice into the sharp totie oi displc-usuie,
asked how lie dared to disobey.
The mm replied surlily, 44 because it is the best road!”
and lie would certainly liuv-e driven on had not the old
servant that attended upon liceinterfered to enforce his
mistress’ command. Even his authority llio driver was
inclined to resist; Lut while, with true Italiau careless
ness of time, louil words, and exaggerated gestures, the
two were arguing, there came a sound ot horses galloping.
It was what the driver wished and exported i and, look
ing up the road, he saw a body of men coming at lull
speed. Marv saw them too, and terror and anguish look
.lossessiou ot iu-rheait. As they came on however, theie
-nddeidv appeared other figures in the toad between her
I rotil among the tri es and vineyards p
i.ulitni
t mred
•mt a little hand on foot and ht.rsebuc-h, and an their .head,
managing Lis fiery huise with ease and grace, he whom
she had see a at the convent not an hour pctoie.. Ot her
he took no notice ] hut standing firm in the.way, formeal a
iiarripf between it r and the Coining horsemen. 1 he dri
ver still paused, though she besought him to go oil, and
*ke could behold swords crossed and pistol fired, and one
or iwo horsemen !ly up ihc road again. She saw not well
which party had thu advantage, the driver judged more
cleaily, and smacking his whip, drove down the road he
had Leer, ordered to take.
New agitations now foil upon Mary ot Mantua, ns she
approach! d the abode of her uncle, and us drawbridge
after drawbridge, gate after gate were passed, she prayed
to heaven for sircugtii and prudence to save hersell trom
ll.c dark hori'i.r Of his love.
She hod not seen the Duke Vincenzo for many years,
j and had long forgotten him, so that utrigiualioii drew her
own sketch Iron) rumors and stories of Lhe day. It was
J now twilight, and she was ushered up the long flights ot
I marble stairs—nftei wards destroyed in the cruel sacking
j of the city—and then into a cabinet, where she remember
ed having played in the days of her childhood w lu-n her
! f ,ther was living and Duke of Manilla. It now »cenicd
; smaller, but more gloomy, though it was well lighted, and
she sought not to change
of troubles, tin- di-tmt roaring ol whose waves sin* heard
even in her tranquil solitude.
It was evening when she received the summons to at-
tenil upon the now Duke, and her heart heat somewhat
quickly, for many a dark tale had been told within the,
convent walls, of the critne3 and faults of Vicenzo of Gon-
zngH. It was evening and in the autumn, hut yet vvalrii
and bright, with glowing skies anil rich verdure, and
grapes swinging from tree to tr-.-e, ready for the basket ol
the husbandman, and as Mary stood in the convent garden
w ailing for the carriage which was to convey her to Man
tua, as fair and beautiful a scene was sp-cad out before
her eyes us the pencil ever ho.rowed from that laud ot
sunshine. Wide extend >d beneath her view lay the fair
Mantuan p'ains towards Verona—plains and scenes which
never quitted the memory of tin* great Human poet, though
he abandoned h : s birih place for m .re southern lands—
anil there bathed in purple light, with every b ue shadow,
tninglej with liquid g"lj nppH.irrd lhe gentle sweeps and
soft lin -s of trees and in unfold streams with here and
there the feudal castle crowning an eminence or '.he tower
of some village church rising tip out. of the deil. lhe
songs of the vine gatherers, for iln-y had already begun,
made the air tunelul, and the sight of mauilold living ob
jects in the distance, trains of gay peasantry, the loaded
cart, the quick driven car, and the silver grey cattle sw irn-
ming in the Mincio, rendered the landscape gay as well as
beautiful.
Nor was Mary herself (c old any eye have seen her
there) an object worthy but of slight remark. Exquisitely
lovely, with an air and expression not exactly ol nn l in-
choly, but of calm pensiveness w hich her life anil situation
were so well calculated to give, she stood by the wall ol
the convent gaiden, partly leaning upon a wotn stone table
which had much the character of an ancient tomb, partly
resting against a high gothic cross which rose from the
low walk of the garden a il marked out—to the eyes ot
those who travelled the deep hank below—the abode ol
those who, dedicating themselves to a life nf religious
solitude, found peace or discontent, according to the fecl-
ings of their own hearts. Her whole person was full nf
loveliness, her whole uttitude replete with grace. Her
hands rested crossed on a book, which she had taken to
while away the time, her head was slightly bant forward,
and her eyes gazed upon lhe distant prospect—the distant,
prospect always more striking, because more aided by
fancy than that which is i ear—and the warm loveliness of
her complexion with the while drapery in which she
was clothed, contrasted beautifully with the cold gray-
stone and yellow lichens of the ancient cross and table of
stone.
As she thus stood and gazed, she heard a voice not far
distant say, “ Lady ! ” in a low and gentle tone. Those
were days, however, in which danger was 80 frequently
close to the domestic hearth, that prepnri-t on wnsjever the
part of manly courage and apprehension a natural port of
womanly weakness.
Mary of Mantua started suddenly hack, nnd looked round
with fear, hut the same voice repeated, “ Lady, be not
alarmed. It is a friend who would warn yuu of matters
touching your safety.”
At the same time, from behind the ruined column of w! at
had once been a small chapel attached to the wails, came
forth a stranger with a slow step as if afraid by itriy sod
den movement of scaring the poor girl away. The wall
still between them it ts li ue but the stranger held his giddy
footing easily on the top ol the high bank and the wall was
there not brenst high.
Mary of Mantua drew back ; she turned one timid glnncc
towards the monastery; it was within sight; the people
who were slowly preparing the carriage were w ithin cnil,
the stranger was alone too. Hut there was an open can
dour in hi* looks, a nobility in his demeanor, a frank free
grace in his countenance that sttuck and won upon her.
He was iu lhe prime of youth, wiih a warm glowing check
nnd u bright eye. The full arching lips parted in some
what of a smile, at her apprehensions, and there was a
cheerful glance in his eye lhat spoke of a bright free spirit.
Above the ordinary height, tall aijd graceful, though his
features were like some that she had seen before, his per
son and complexion were, any thing but Indian, and hnd
lie not spoken the language withont the slightest accent
she might have taken him for some of the followers of tlie*
house ol Austria. The whole however was extremely
pleasing, nnd though still somewhat alarmed she at length
ventured to ask what were his wislu s.
44 Be not aft aid lady!” he answered in a low sweet toned
voice, *• I come to save you from danger, not to place you
in it. Approach a little nearer, for l must speak low, and
must rot he seen by any hut von.”
She look a s:ep nearer to the place where he stood, still
looking upon him as a timid fau-u looks at those who would
draw it to eat bread out of their Band.
“ Listen!’ he said, “ listen Mary- of Mantua, for wlmt
I have to say imports you much to know, and I have a short
time to say it. lour hard is a prize for .which three
princes now will strive. First, Vincenzo, Duke of Man
tua!”
“ II -aven forbid 1” exclaimed Mary, in a tone of fear,
44 can you mean my uncle ?”
‘•Even so!” answered the stranger “ but hear me*" out
fair mai l, for time is short! the next it one you know well,
Ferrund Prince of Guastella.”
44 1 know him nut” cried Marv, with a look of horror.
“ Once, only onco.'hnve I seen his dark Mini lowering face, but
1 have heard enough to make me abhor the ground that
bears him.”
The stranger made no comment, Ii.it went on—“ llie third
is Charles, Duke of Rhetel.”
“ An alien to our race, and the son of my father’s enemy!”
exclaimed Mary.
Thn stranger smiled, apparently well pleased.
“ These are three princes,” he said, “ hut what say you
Lady, if a simple gentleman of noble birth, nnd of some
renown—against those three princes, fate, fortune, and
all the world to boot, were to enter the list for that fair
hand.”
“ He were a bold man!” answered Marv, with a deon
blush.
“ Ihank God he is a hold man,” replied the stranger,
“ hut to my more pressing task, for see the carriage is neat
ly ready. The Prince of Guastella is now within the ti-r-
ritoiy ol Mantua; he knows that this night you outer the
city. If you go by the ordinary road, you will fall into
his hands, and nothing but a miracle can save you from liis
power. When you come to the vineyard of Perrotti, just
opposite the castle of Frederick tli tcassn, order the driver
to turn down the left hand road and ioHow it to the citv.
Aid shall he near at hand if needful; hut it were better, far
better to avoid than to encnunterevil.’’
“ Oh ! better, far better!” echoed Mary—“ hut oh ! gen
tle stranger, do not leave me. If yon have power, give tne
protection against that daring matt 1”
“ I will not be far from thee, fair and brightest,” replied
the stranger, ‘‘but have I not said that I am without pow
er in the land. What this hand can do, shall he done in
your defence, and if it be needful to pour out the last drop of
my i.eart’s filie-d, it shall bn staked us freely as a gambler’s
ducat. A few faithful servants ton, w ill not Hindi from tlie'r
poor master in the hour of need ; u ml if you are saved from
hazard, my guerdon shall he uneTriss of thy fair baud—shall
it not be so ?”
“ Oh you might claim fur better Loon than that,” cried
Mary eagerly.
“ Well, then, it shall be so,” he said, “ one kiss of those
fair lips!—But now bethink you, Lady, how you will meet
your uncle, If, as sure I am be will, lie offers, contrary
to God's law, to make his brother’* child his wife, he
wise, nnd drive not his passionate mind to frenzy. He
lta3 a wife still living, but tlie* Lunds between them the
church is now about to sever. Be cautious, use no harsh
repugnance. Tell him that you can bear no such words
so long us he is uncle, and husband-to another; lhat all
these bonds must be loosened, ere vmi can even Jet his
words rest in yo>ir ear. Bat lu! they seek you; 1 must
away! contrive some short delay, that 1 nuty reach the
point of danger first. Tom now, at this hour, if you
have returned, I will seek you hen-.”.
Titus s tying, the stranger t«*i tn-«l and left her, and in a
few minutes the servants sought her, saving tl>ut the car
riage w.rs.rfe*dy. The directions nf the strung* r she fol
lowed i nplicitlv. trusting w tt t the '-oii!iiit i :: # *e of inoxperi-
Ctlced youth. Sh-* detained the carriage for a f. w min
utes, and then ord -red the coachman to drive a* she hnd
been instructed. The Italian looked at her in sulky st-
lm amidst that sen j oil the opposite side sat one w hose appearance at once
marked out the Prince. He rose .and advanced toward*
her as different a being as it was possible to conceive, front
ail that she hnd previously fancied. lull, grace!til, hand
some, though in It s decline, and though sickiioss—per
haps vice—had worn all the rosy lines of y.ittlh away, and
left nothing but the show dow ol beauty bi-biml, hi* appear
ance was oritnitey far more prepossessing than Mary of
Mantua had expected. Nevet t.tt-less, there'was some-
tiling in the expression of his countenance—in the fixed and
criticising gaze with which he looked upon the lovely crea
ture before hi in, that made an involuntary shudder pass
over her frame ; and when he took her by the hand, and
as her ttuclo kissed her cheek, the w arm bloc d rose up in
it, and she thought of the warning she had received, and
of him who had given it.
The duke was not long ere he spoke upon that theme
which site most dreaded to hear, hut he spoke not in the
terms which might have been most paiulul to In r. lie
treated it but ns a matter of court necessity, he l.alki d oi
Itis maniace with her as a tiling that won.il benefit the
state. Princes he said o.ust be ibe slaves to their duties,
and though he doubted not that to one so \ oting and I cauti-
fiulas herself it must he somewhat pnintul to unite herself
to a ntan in the doc.itte of life, yet he w as sure that she
would make no opposition to that which would set at rest
forever all tha contending claims on Mantua and Muufcr-
rnt.
So well and wisely had her unknown counsellor hitherto
advised Iter, that Aiar- followed Ins directions iu this also
to llie letter. She si.owed no repugnance, bin bending
down her head with the ingenuous blush of modesty upon
iter check, she replied as bad been dictated. '1 l:c Duke
seemed pleased; pci imp* it was more tliun lie expected,
ami he replied with sanguine expectation, that Ins divorce
w ould not now he long delayed, alter which a dispensation
would he easily- obtained. There was hut one tiling that
Alary besought him earnestly to gram, w hich ua*, that she
might return on I lie morrow to tile convent yvhere she had
passed her early days.
The Duke consented; but while lie. spoke the old attend
ant yvlio hail ever remained attached to her, was admitted
by a page, and bending low, lie related to the Duke the ad
venture which hail befallen titcin outlie rvav, anil comment
ed bitterly on the trea.li ry of the. driver. The Duke sent
for his secretary and whispered a wortl in itis car; and as
he w a< leading Alarv to the ball where sitppet waited them,
ther.- came through the windows the sound of a loud volley-
and otto shrill piercing cry. The Duke moved gracefully
on by her side without t u.tange of countenance, but Alary
turned deadly pale, and on the following morning another
servant drove ihc vehicle that contained her back to the
convent.
It was j.1-out noon when she arrived, r.tul the busy nuns
surrounded her like a swarm of bees. They werc.'ill eager
to hear the tidings front without, but they were soon satis
fied, ami at the same evening It - at which oil the day he-
fotc she had unfi lled the fair pros] ect ofthe Alnutua plains,
site aga in stood by the table of stone in the convent gatdcit,
and the stranger was by her side. She thanked hint eager
ly and often, and gazed upon the bright and glowing cautt-
lonauce that gazed with tender admiration upon her again.
“ Have 1 not won my reward ?” i.e said.
Mary replied not, but cast down Iter eyes with a warni
blush. The stranger bent over her, and yyillt the tender
ness of love chastened by respect, he pressed Itis lips to
hers.
“Alary,” he said, “ I will u in thee or die. Three more
evenings will I stand bv you old shrine, in the dear hope of
seeing you again; and then mv footsteps must wander from
thee far. Bui I leave thee not uuivniched, tiiigiinrdud.-—
?Wy spirit shall hover round thee though mv hotly In absent:
and 1 nromise, I swear, in lliree iiumilt* in ue, even to a day,
to *t.-iira again in your presence, and win you for mv bride
or die.
There might have been many in Alary’s state and station
who would have thought the stranger bold to believe she
might he so won by an unknown, and inferior person, nnd
to talk us if he were hum to conTeml for her hand with
| princes. But Mary thought not so : feelings that she had
i never known before were busily possessing thcmsrlves ol
her heart, and though to feel them there made her thrill
with something like apprehension, yet they were so sweet
she would do nothing to banish them. She lingered with
him long and he with Iter, and for tlirea nights more thev
met anti | a«se<l a happy hour, gild-d with the dawning
brightness of young love.
He left her on the third with a painful anti anxious fare
well; and Alarv now felt how lu nr ly washer state uf being.
The hours flew heavily, the days rolled on in care and
anxiety—hut she forgot not the absent, and every rumor
that site heard of movements nl the ('ourt of Koine recard
ing her uncle’s dii orce made her heart sick. But Vicenzo
himself sectord to press matters Imt feebly, and when si
length iIip appalling news reached her that lie was free, he
showed uo inclination to profit Itv that freedom. She then
heard that lie was sick—sick even to the gates of death ; and
theie were rumors of tinning in Gi’n^tclln, and of lustrum
f rees moving to take possession of Mantua on the Duke’s
decease, or of France sending armies to secure it for the
house of Never*. Then came tidings of messenger* hurry
ing to nnd fro between I’atis and Alanttta, t,m! he I ween
Mantua and Route, and so went by the time till the three
months had passed over, nnd then, though the air was win
try, Mary e-igetly hurried forth and stood Itv the table of
stone as the sun was sinking to repose. She gazed over
Hie Mantua plains; but no one was seen; site listened, hut
heard.not the voice whose memory bail cheered her soli
tude. -The still sunk and all was datkness.
W ith a heart sail >11111 depressed she w as taking her wav-
hack to the convent, when the hell at the gate rung, utid an
immediate summons was given Iter to proce- d to Mantua
in one of the Duke’s carriages with all speed, to hear the
last injunctions of her riving uncle.' State now surrounded
her, guards were on each side ofthnvi hide,anti in the con
vent parlor waited u high dame of the Cuutt to accompany
her on the way.
The scene she had to go through Mary felt would he pain
ful; lint there was u greater degiee-ol" oppression at het
heart than even the anticipation of standing hv the death
bed of her uncle could account for. Gloomy then ami de
sponding disappointed and anxious, Alarv entered the car
riage asking herself what was to he her fate w hen Iter uncle
.should he no more. The night w as dark and stormy, the
dull winds blew and whistled along the road, and for about
half a mile not u word was spoken by either Alary or her
companion.
At Icngtligiio-.vcvpr, the Ir.dy said, “ I have hccti command
ed to inform your Highness as soon as we are actually on
the way, that it will he necessary for yon to prepare your
mind for a great change of condition. The Duke of Ncvcrs
Is next heir to the coronet of Aluntun, and as it is absolutely
necessary that all claims to litis duchy and Mnnlferrul
should centre in one race, it has hern determined that
your Highness should give vourltand to the voting Duke of
Rhciel, son of the Duke of Never*. The Prince destined to
he your hit-band has already arrived in Mtiutua, uiul us
there is the most urgent necessity that your marriage should
take, place before the death of Duke Vicenzo, lie has gener
ously determined that even in his mortal illness he will see
the alliance completed this very night, the proper dispensa
tions having already arrived from Rome.”
It was with difficulty that Mary of Alanttta prevented
herself front sinking off the scat in terror anti agony. The
horror, thn awful horror of being called upon in a moment
to wed one. whom she Itad never before beheld, while Iter
heart was hut loo surely given to another, overpowered her
for a lew minutes ; but then recollecting all the resolution
and courage of her race, she protested against the cruelty
and injustice of the act w hich Iter uncle proposed to com
mit, and solemnly declared that nothing should induce hrr
to yield her hand in such indecent haste to r.n utter stranger.
The lady who accompanied her heard all with the chilling
coolness which is far more dispiiiliiia then actual opposi
tion, and merely said, ‘* That she feared her Highness would
find herself forced to obey.”
Marv had recourse to siience. and tho’ her heart was sad
nnd heavy, it remained firm, and she said to herself, *- They
can hut kill me—that they will not do—and if they do, bet
ter so die.” .
Once more then she passed lit.- manifold gntrs and draw
bridges, anti entered wliut she felt to he, for her, one vast
dark prison; hut she thought of him she loved, and tho’ she
called him cruel iu her own heart for not having come to
advise or deliver- Iter—still she felt tlint she loved him, nud
that she could not, dared not wed anothei.
The gntes of the palitee were nt length reached, the courts
were filled with soldiers; cannon guarded the entrance,
every thing told that vast preparations had been made to
secure tranqni litv aniong ilie people on the death of the
reigning Duke. She saw lights steaming from the hull
above, and led forward by her eotupiimoH,she advanced tip
the wide, staircase, and into the ante eliiunbor. T here,how
ever, an officer addressed lier at.v iog, “ All is ready, Madam,
the itnkfi wai;s voiir higlnite.su.. There is not a momeutto
spate.” 4 -
“Go forward. Madam I” said Mary to the lady vvh»ae~
eotminnied In r, “ go forward and fell my uncle twy unaltera
ble resolve, its I nntio.ilneed it to yon.”
The Judy paused and looked hack, hut she sg-r that M«.ry
ccuM nut rscotc, and advancing rite entered the hall be-
vv ill, by force I” and then another hut a sweeter voice, utuj
in the French tongue, “Let me apeak with her for a mo
ment, my gracious Lord.”
An instant after the door opened am! clothed in princely
appatel, a young mini appeared—hut Alarv’s heartbeat last
—iter knees trembled—the color came and went iu her
cheeks—she stretched (bull her units fainting oil his bosom.
“Oil why came you not! why came you not?” she cried.
“Hark, Alarv,” he answered, as the palace clock struck
loud and cleat, “ hat k, Iteiovcd, it istmr hour nf meeting!
and 1 am here—thine own dear cou>iti Charles ofGouzogn,
—will you refuse the Duke of Rhetel, still !”
Tite warm, warm l>lood, was all over that bright face, but
the smile-—the timid yet confiding smile spoke more than
vvordscould have done, and in a tnotiu-tit more the Duke of
ft betel led on to the altar raised in the (tail hevoud, a lit-mb-
ling, a blush.tig, hut not an unhappy bride.
PARISIAN ITKMS.
From the Special Corrt tpon.ieirt. of the X. I*. Star.
We are in a whirl of politics, -anti there is much excite
ment on this account. But, as a foreigner, I avoid being
led into it.
Ihc l’rincoss Mary is forgot ten alicnilv—except by her
family. Louis l’hillippe seems to Intvc added ton years to
his appearance since Iter death. lie was proud as well as
linul id her, and had milch cause.
i aris is verv much improved since flu* death of Louis
XVHI. On all sides new buildings iirpspringin*: uj». The
working people have lull emplovmejii nud high wagw.
I nc wretched paved ways >ircabolished, ;md there are foot
pavements for pedestrians in the principal streets. Then
there is g:»s and brilliantly it looks. One effect to make
t.ic cafes, shops, and restaurants, at once better lighted and
more splended.
I mentioned in a former loiter thit t!»•> restaurants are
not what they were. Tho-e attended I y the Lii^Iish are
not. lint a lew attended by the French, ai.d to widt h few
of the English, go, are in great style and exquisite taste.
fa;:cy a room ol groat extent, embellished u ith mirrors
ol large size, gilded roofs and columns, and lighted wiili a
prolusion ol gas from lustres of cut glass, and you may
have some idea of the georgeousness ol the scene. At one
end ol the room, iu a neat tribune nr some sort of recess,
sits the lady enthroned. lier dress is rich and her beauty
stilling. Her you salute asyoii enter and retire; if you
know her, or have been at that restaurant before, you may
address her, and, depend on it, she will .'peak w ith u it and
spirit—as French women cv *r do.
No American or English dining house gives mi idea of
a 1 arisian one ot the best class. The splendour is unique,
lake the saloon of the 1'rois Frcres Provencal! x for ex
ample. \ on are served otl plate—vou have choice out of
:J carte of 200 dishes—and a dinner of soup, 3 di.-hes, at
choice, a desert, and hall bottle ot liuht Yin orsfinaife,
is two francs nr forty rents, \ on may, if vou pleas**, pa\
a Napoleon or ten Sapoloans for Lhe meal, hut at the low
price above named it is as good as man can c. vcl.
Paris is thronged with cabs an 1 nnmihusscs. They
r,,n * n directions, and at so rapid a rate that itis d Unger-
m* in cross the street, on foot, at. times. They are nice-
y litUul out, hut the cattle nre miserable. For six sous
you may pass in an omnibus from one end of Paris to the
uher.
i he houses nr e high. Near the Madeline are some new
Houses, 7 stories high, including fire ground floor, for there
are no sunk stories. The ground rent is so high that they
ii«' i ompellcd to build high houses—one floor more or less
may make the profits or loss of lhe owner. Each floor has
i s distinct tenant. lhe evil of th : s is, a peer rr.ny have
be his. floor, and the attic be inhabited by a beggar. One
staircase i< common to nil the lodger*, which is a nuisance,
l lie houses arc built bettor, to appearance, than the Lon-
loa ones. Each dwelling has a rich heavy cornice one
-*tory heiow tbo roof, and*the fronts are coated with plaster
i:ul froque»t!y repainted. As a wh*d- f therefore, Paris
ooks more gay than London, but tho comforts in English
Mouses are a.most unknown in those of Paris.
II it hri to London has eclipsed Paris in the article—Clubs.
In fact the lilting* up and complefcdncss of the Clubs of
Loudon surpass those ol the houses of l ine tenths of lhe
nobility. At Inst however, Paris has to boast of a chib
house as superior to any club bouse in London, as Astor’s
Hotel is to a wayside tavern in Ohio. This is railed 4 * I»e
Cerdedes Deux Mondes, 0 the draw ing- rooms if which v»t te
thrown open last week.
It has be.-., establish.*,I in the HjM-l Fa,i j0 , Tt„ 0 Rh h-
e!.e ,, I formerly occ.tpie.1 by kort.iur, the re*tn„ratr..r.
Ibcre a« fifteen •plet.dri and Spacious saloons in *• Ln
Cerdedes Deux Monde,” T l,. n , are co ]] mrd wbntevrr
money could proruc, taste select, ami art produce. Divans
such as Siilf.n Mahmoud lias in hi, .Seraglio; rarpets
trout rtutnc.earb rostinga fortune; gold an,I siiken tissue,
’rum the* looms of India; sculptme front Rome nr.d Flo
rence; bronzes and glass from Venice; velvet hanging,
from Genoa; siiken table covers from Lyon,, and'from
England the ttiousaixl conveniences ami comforts which
ire-peculiar to that country. In fact, in these noble rooms
the tcience ol furnishbg has been allowed a limitlrss
tange and sumptuous i* the effect. There are card rooms,
eating rooms, hiilurd rooms, drawing rooms, and a librarv
.veil filled with hooks, and weil supplied with newspapers,
reviews and magazines. 1 lie kitchens nre splendid and
crowd* have gone to vi*it them. Artificial heat and cold
are admitted in winter and summer. There is a choice
a liar of nine,. lhe annual subscription is on’v 200
.'mucs a year!
\\ hen I mentioned the restaurants. I might have added
h it nt a well frequented one thousands dine rnrh day. A
tally never enters unattended, hut a man brings his wife or
misticss to dine w ith, him if he pleases.
The parisiati has bet two meals a day. One is the de-
jui-e a sort of light dinner at 11, nnd then is the dinner
t:t tho afternoon. Except ut English houses there are r.o
suppers. Itiioxii-nliini is a vice rarely known among the
t icuch. The Germans, English, Irish nud Scotch, are
too notorious forit on the Continent.
I ngatiiui lias quitted us. lie is row nt Marseilles.
Ills health iscompletely reinstated, nnd I lira id him say
that lie was strongly tempted to go to America for twelve
months.
iaglioni continue* winning royal smiles a' St. Peters
burg. At her benefit last month, a new ballet call, d I.a
Gtlstta was produced. 1 Itis was composed lot Iter l»v Hrr
lather. It had brilliant sneers*. It is in three acts, with
•i prologue nnd cost 200,000 rubles, paid by the Emperor.
1 here rtrt* 300 dramatis per sot ac ! A fair nt Frankfort
ts in the first act, with tt in<rungerte of lit ns, apes, hears,
&c, “ u!l alive and kicking ’ A lorest of the Pyrenees, with
a gipsy rant]) at the foot of u cascade of resil water, ( 12
feet high and 24 fret broad) is in the second net. In tin*
third is a masquerade of5(1(1 persons in all sort,of tltvssc*.
lathe bail room 120 chandeliers were placed, bearing 500
wax lights. A Bohemian donee hv Tngliot-.i was n-rii-
rorcd. She cleared 50,000 rubles l v this hem fit, ami thr
Emperor,and Empress, being present sent fur her the next
day and gave Lor a diamond and emerald Hasp, valued at
25,000 rubles. In tho crush to enter the theatre two
sons of a merchant wete suffocated at tie door. As the
Theatre is imperial property Nicholas settled pensions on
their parents.
L. E. L.—The N<w York Gazette says: “ The death
of Mrs. McLean—we cannot help considering that ii->mo
a desecration of L. E. L.— At Cap • Coast Castle, is the
theme i f abundant .speculation in England and ij this
country, and we do not see but the eiictimstances of tin-
case warrant it. Whether she lost her life hv an acci
dental or prrnu-ditaled use of poison, strikes us as most
extraordinary, and the conduct of In r husband tin the oc
casion, quite as much go. The whole affair is full of pain
ful mystery, and leaves the man who called himself her
husband in no enviable position, even aside from the sup
position that he loved and appreciated Iter .-is she deserved
—which we 4p not believe. It is too bad to believe for a
moment lltnt theie can he any truth in the rumor mention
ed in an evening paper a dtty or two since, that this giftmi
Indy lost, her life by the agency of a *‘ half caste wife or
mistress” of McLean. If any thing so horrid us this
should ever l.e proved, he i* a great fool ever to show his
face in white society—lie should go at once into the inte
rior of Africa, and there die us speedily as lie can make it
convenient.”
In the course nf Air. Robertson’s speech on the I’ublic
Lands, in the House of Representatives, the following
dialogue took place:
I proceed to adduce oilier arguments, Mr. Speaker, in
support of the propnsi d measure, draw n ftont the practical
legislation of the country, anil the opinions of men high iu
authorin'. The authority of great tiann-* will have more
influence, I know, than any argument of mine. General
.Jackson, in 1821)—
Mr. Pickens : Do yon quote Gen. Jackson a* authority ?
Mr. Robertson : Not for myself, sir, hut for the parly c«f
which he was the leader.
Air. Picket:?: Yon do not call hint the lenderf
Mr. Robertson :.I do sir; the acknowledged, the un
doubted h tiller ; aid among Ids followers were some ns
abject and servile ns those of the Eastern monarch, who
were ready, when his Majesty said it was night at noon-
duv, to h ok up to the suit, and stccar they saw the moon
and stars.—Alex. Caz.
General Srott and suite have arrived in New Y’ork, and
another demand has been made upon the Governor of Ver
mont for an individual, identified us having hern concern
ed in lha recent outrages at Caldwell’s Aluuor; that Gov
ernor Jennisnn dt dined to interfere in the matter, on the
grout d that it appertains solely to the General Government;
Mint in consequence i f the refusal, a special messenger has
been dispatched from Montreal to Washington; and thkt
the whole ?ul ject is now before the President »f the Uni
ted Slates.
Cure for Dyspepsia.—It is said that the students o£
Virginin College have found a large quantity of utwi-dys*
poetic pills in n field attached to the seminary, in the shnp 0
of various large stumps, which they tire engaged in dig
ging up, in their leisure hours. These vegctnhle prepara
tions are found to produce a highly salutary effect in cases
of the most confirmed dyspepsia.
STATE SOVEREIGNTY.
THE RECORDER.
MILLEDGEVILLE,
'Tuesday, March 13. 1S29.
Curious Cojipui atios !—Baked beans, it is said; tire
a common donor in the Eastern Stifles.' - Air Khstern
clergyman hits computed that In* litis “ preiiclted regubn iy
every Sabbath nftrnit-on to fifty-five bushels and llin-e
pecks ui baked beans, while their owtiet ; are mostly asleep.
VVe have left ourselves hut littie room for editorial -re
marks. The length of the Stale papers which occupy our
columns to-day. is liy no means great’* r than theii impor
tance demand, nor will it nl all lessen the interest which
our readers will realize from their perusal. Ui course
they will be read by every body.
The portion of the report (in ourcolnmns) nestle to Con
gress by the Committee appointed by that body to enquire
into the causes, iStc. of the public defslratioas, which have
of late so startled the people, l»y their enormity nnd
amount, demonstrate rli-itr ns the sunshine, the absolute
necessity for a thorough reform in our government. It is
not alone that dishonest men are found in posts of great
pecuniary trust, nnd who have bankrupted tlie national
Treasury by their peculations; this is had enough; hut does
not reach the root of the disease. It will appear that the
defalcations is fairly and properly attributable to tin* Fed
eral-Administration itself; for according to tite report, the
mere exercise of their official duty, tite mere execution of
the laws as they now are and have been, would have been
amply stiffu-ient to have secured t >e country irotn the loss
of tite millions w hich it must sustain by their neglect of
duty. What says the report! It charges tho loss of
Swnrtwout’s defalcation, $1,200,000, to the culpable neg
ligence of the Secretary n( tite Treasury, among other
items; and shows that the laws now existing are amply
sufficient for the proper security of the public treasure.—
Oil this point il savs: “ In conclusion, tho Committee can-
“ not forbear remarking, that during their whole investi-
“ gntion, thev have not found the case to with h the laws,
“ as thr.rf already exi t, do not apply, or in which they
“are defective. The permanent provisions of the laws
** constitute every necessary* check upon collectors, re-
•‘ reivers, and disburse™ of public money ; and the checks
“ which, bv law, have been, and tr.nv be created, in the dis
“ crction of the Executive, have only to bo attended to
•‘anil applied bv those whose duty jt is to superintend the
“ execution of the laws, to ensure faithfulness, anil delect
•* derrli-tions or defalcations in public officers.”
\Ve have not space for further comment* nt present, nnd
indeed we fee! that they would he unnecessary, even if we
Itad. Till* report, limited as it necessarily had to he, from
the very short time allowed for the investigation, we doubt
not. will nronsn the country to a proper sense of the con
duct of the present popularity hunting Administration, nnd
to tite iieressitv of filling tin* plucps of those in power with
ot iters, who wr may at least hope will not lie so thoroughly
regardless of the public, interests.
Mr. Amos Kendall, it. seems from the following account
from Washington, has got himself into what wo hav'
sometinv-s heard railed, a very pretty premunvl. t Iis
impudence it seems will likely in this case » u ct with il*
appropriate reward; lie will find tbit jt though ho mnv
instill his subordinates w ith if eiaiy—cal! them hirelings
and understrappers—ri.at .nc Senate is rather a lutd sub
ject on which fo s'jnt his vulgar impertinence. We no
tice tbal thg strongest measure proposed against Amos,
■‘vrtt .ns dismissal from i*fitrr, was made by an adminis-
Iratii n Senator, and that upon t!.u general vote Amos had
but five hackers. We ritnll wail w ith some interest to hear
the result as to w hat the Bres-deiit w ill do in the premises.
Of one tiling we nro very certain, that tite l’ost Office itself
might he much improved by a change; there is great
complaint of the jirescnt administration «f lhat Depart
ment, wc believe, by ail parties.
\VashtxoTnjr, March I. 1831).
In the Senate to-day, a letter was received from Mr. Ken
dall, Rost Master General, replying to a resolution of the
Senate of this dav, asking why the information called for
on the 12tli ultimo had not been communicated to the Sen
ate. “ In rrplv.” lie says, ‘‘1 have the honor to state, that
the only reason I have to give why il has not been before
comri-ojiiiratcil is, that it was not ready.”
Mr. Talinailge pronounced tite answer disrespectful.—
Mr. Sevier moved a resolution requesting the President of
the United-States to dismiss Mr. Kendall, but il was modi
fied to read as follows!
Rcsotred. That the li tter of the Post Master General
stating, Jtc. is considered by iheSenate as disrespectful to
this hodv. This wns agreed to, 33 too.
The follow ring resolution was adopted, 31 to 5.
Resolved, That said letter with the resolution to which
it purports to he all answer, be laid before the President
of the United Stales, foi such action ns he may deem
proper,
Mr. Howard, from the Committee of Foreign Relations,
reported n bill in reference to the Maine difficulties, the
principal features ate the following: it authorizes the
Piesident to employ tho Army and Navy, nud Militia < f
Fur (l e Bm-Shcru Recorder.
THIRD ADDRESS TO THE FARMERS O? GEORGIA.
If vou have made tip your mind to live in folly, luxury
and idleites* or if you me content to iiiere>«.*e your hale >l-
edttess hv another loan, either front a bank <*r it shavet, m
if you ran befooled into :i mortgage ol your Lund and Ne
groes to a Fri e Banking cotirem, it w ill ho loot labor to
give yon counsel. _
The mail w hose head is filled with schemes, w ill think
the slow process of well regulated labor and economy, quite
bin eath the loftiness of "ids genius. Whatever else mo
dern improvement* have dour, and they have dot e nmri'..
there * one thi.ig th -v have not. and cannot do 1 *if V cannot
,-et aside tite Divine decree, that man slo-Il eat hi* bread in
the Sweat of Itis face, until he returns to the ground.
But because it is hoped tite number of n rk!c*s and
sillv people is small, while it is admitted large num
ber* of all classes and callings an* far front tho path "I
wisdom and safety, it is believed that they have fallen into
this path, rather by ittadvertancy, and fioni the bail exam
ple of others, than by a fixed intention to bring ruin upon
themselves, and to entail wretchedness upon posterity.
Surely it must he pleasing to every ntan to perceive tin*
business in which he is engaged, prosperous at present ami
prosperous in prospective—doing well now and a fair
chance for well doing years to come, i he farmer whose
fields are yielding an annual increase production, grow ing
in fertility and heautv, must have a source of iwleprndenre
and happiness, far beyond the man who perceives every
year a lessoning product, visible barrenness, and threatened
poverty. That, we muv continue to do well, let ns cast about
on all sides for the u nys and means of improving our lands.
Tite first idea of keeping land from exhaustion, is to
rest it from cultivation, and suffer it to he c*>nted over
with as nitirli vegetable matter ns possible. It is believed
tliar front two to three years resting of fields nt a time,
will go further to their recovery, than the same amount of
rest, by • it alternate cultivation: observation gives this ns a
good jiiau mffi-r fields that have been previously in small
grain, to lie uncultivated at least one year.
The most fruitful sonreo of recovering exhausted laud,
must he from manure, which has been suffered to lie in
waste about the stables, gin houses, and other places, in
such .plantLies that had it been properly disposed of,
thousands of acres now unworthy of cultivation, might
have given labor an abundant reward. Every species of
manure is more valuable titan gold mines, and siiottl.l be
looked after and carefully disposed of.
l’erhitps the most that can tie Imped for, so long ns out-
laud will .yield any thing above subsistence, is to induce
tite farmer to carry out to Itis field such n aitiire as can he
easily obtained and advantageously disposer) of. \\ ben this
much has be; t: done, such will he found »■ reward, lhat
we- may expert soon to find some effort to increase the
quantity front such sources as common sense may sttggrs'.
I he means of rai-ing and tiring manure in the farm, are
various nod very abundant, anjl mist he left to (he thought
and judgment of each planter for himself; the most, im
portant part is to have the work done,*ml abundantly dene.
in pre-erve our laud, repented crop* of cotton n list be
stopped: for kept in lint clean state that cotton fields are,
is tooxpone them to he carried off'both winter and summer
by the rains.
It is impossible after all is done by alternation of crops,
bv rest at.d by manure, to fully preserve nt-d restore
We must universally adopt the plan of dilohrs. y. lK | ]„>ri-
zonrnl rows on all our broken fields, if \vo v ,,] rot ],. nV e
to our children a most cheerless am’ “’.oflmv inheritance.
This plan has boon prni lised fo** sc* erh j war '* sitrcessfulU
in Virginia, and some few '..ytng it to advantage in this
State. 1 erhaps it writ -. c c ),i *t to commence in a small
wnvu field or tvv-, „f „ year, and such as will be most r asily
laid off, bv it. , means the practical knowledge! may he ub-
tuinci r '-'fl the laborers hreomr accustomed to the work.
T will not be denied that it is a work much more wot-
thv to engage the mind ol the farmer »s to how In* n av
lHDSf • a*i!\ i>l)t«iiu tlic* foot! hi.U rairmuil that than
that hoshoulfi make himself a romimn disturber hy a heal
ed engagement in the parry politic* of ih»* dav—for vour-
seif, f« »r your children, loi \mr country, for Philosophy *»id
for Religion, begin to turn y«»ur thought** and action* to
preserve the field* that are now fruitful, and to restore
ill »se that nave been made barren bv had husbandry—wr
may bestow oui next on slaves, and slave labor.
On motion of P. W. Hutcherson, Esq..
ResolvedI hat Lite proceedings of this meeting l,„ ,; CT|
»' the
e.l by tin* Chairman and Secretary, and publKhii!
Si uuieru Ric nde .
T xv n HUBBARD, Chainnae.
J- W. Davenport, Secretary.
the United States, to resist any attempt by Great Britain
to enforce hv aims her claim to exclusive jurisdiction
over llie di-pmed territory. In case of invasion, he is
authorized to raise twenty additional regiment?, to be ad
ded to the army, to put into nctunl service all tbo naval
force of the country, nppropriates money for the exigency,
and authorizes the Secrctn'-y of the Trea?tiry to borrow
money bv tho issue of United States stocks; nnd lastly, ap
propriate* the usual salary, and outfit $18,000 for a spe
cial .Minister to Great Britain, to urge the speedy sellie-
rncr.t of the subject matter of controversy.
We have given nil that we dcctn of importance in re
lation to oor difficulties on the Maine frontier. ’I he im
mense importance of the subject, demands that the people
should be fully informed of nil in rchilinii to it, even to tire
exclusion ,*f the usual variety of our sheet. The Message
of the President is discreet, ami ihoretiglily pacific, which
we trust, in conjunction with the good sense i f the people
of both countries, ami u common regard to the vital inte
rests of both, will lend to tt speedy nnd amicable ai rat.gr-
nietit of this embarrassing business.
We would remind our political ft lends, that a candidate
for tho Executive chair is to be nominal d nt the meeting
of the Redaction Convention in this place; and that it is
hoped every county in this Slate will he fully represented
it. reference to this interesting matter. We trust that no
idem of false security will induce supinetiess among our
friends; we will take the nrcnriou to suggest to s-tch, (if
there he any,! that hy vigilance, zeal and activity alone,
can the State Rights party maintain its ascendency.—A
word to thu wise, iS:c.
We subjoin the latest cotton accounts from Europe.
The prices in our market continue iinvtnii'tl from our quo
tations of last week. It is .thought by many, who me
deemed competent judges, that the cotton crop of the
United States will fall short this seusott some 300.000
bags. If so, but little fear, we should suppose, may he
entertained of a serious decline in 'lie jtrice of the article.
Liverpool, Febuary r,
Cotton.—Our Cotton market is very heavy, and about jd
peril), lower than on the SBtli ult.. the date of our last circular
per Great Western. The state of trade in the manufacturing
districts is still discouraging, and the consumers continue to
confine their purchases to the supply of their immediate
wants, having taken since the first nf the year only at the rate
of aboutl4,500 bnles pcr week. The decided accounts oflltc
great deficiency in the crop of the Unite l .States, the limited
supplies into their ports nt tite last accounts, and the light im
port here, continue to give.firmness to holders prelte general
ly, so that there has been no.large quantity pressing on the
market. The sales for the week ending 1st instant, amount
ed to 1!),210 bales, of wl.ich HOtlO were Upland at 7^ a 9jil;
5£20 Ot leans at T^a 9{ ; 1980 Alabama and Mobile at 7j a tij
and 120 Sea Island at 20 a 2t?d per lb; about 0-780 bale* were
taken on speculation. The business for three days ended
last evening, is estimated at 9J00 bales, ami 2000 is t-j spec
ulators.
(Communicated.]
The Citizens of 1 utunni county are respectfully remind
ed, that tliey have a common interest with all lhe citizens
of tite State, in the approaching Reduction Convention.—
Putnam has thus far maintained a good stand in the coun
cils of the Stale. She ought to lie true to herself in the
proposed OFnvemion. Important principles art* to be dis
cussed, nnd exciting questions me to he decided. The
most aged and experienced, uiul tite most talented of our
citizens, should be selected to represent our interest. We
all know that many inexperienced young men have been
hundred with seats in the Legislature—and it is uulurnl for
then! to desire offices of honor. This inuy. ordinarily, be
right—hut the objects of the approaching Convention are
oT grave and solemn import to the people of Georgia; and
it’behooves every county to look well to its interest* That
Plltnain trtav not be Imliii.d on that interesting occasion,
the names of Dr. H Bka.xham, Josiah Floithsoy, Jas.
A- Meriwether an.l lattr ('lteson, are respectfully sug-
gestecT. A CM l/KN
if the County for 25 years.
PUBLIC MEETING:*
At an adjourned meeting of the citizens nf Hancock nnd
Washington counties, held at Lung’s bridge, on tim 22*1
February. On motion of Benj. Brookins. Esq. Silas Flovd.
Esq. was called to thu chair, and Dr. J. it. Smith, ap
pointed Secretary. Tite Committee to whom was appoin
ted thn duty of drafting resolutions to be offered at this
tnci-iiiig, submit ted through their chairman, P. P. Bethea,
Esq., the following preamble and resolutions, all of which
were put by sections and cordially adopted—the third
and filth however, meeting with some objections, niter
some explanations by the chairman of the esmmittee nud
sente animated discussion, was adopted all of which
rend* hs follows;
We believe it to be the boiindcn duty of each nnd every
community, whether socially or politically considered, to
contribute so far a* consistent with public and privaie in
terest (which is one ol the strongest incentives to human
action) to the harmonizing each ethers wants and necessi
ties ; this we believe to lie the gentrino essence of nil mor
al, so-i.-il and religious happiness, and without which, the
whole human family in themselves considered, would he
naught hut one common herd of germinating firings, pro
pelled hy the morfii l feelings of self interest, to the insati
able gratification of nil the degrading lu«ls of animal na
ture. We also liplicve lluiS it is ore ol tfie i:.disitcn>ible
duties of all public functiontiiis-*, when compatible with
tfir general good, to aid and alu-t cnrli and everv undertak
ing that tuny in any wsy fie conducive to the happiness,
prosperity and well-being of lh<« people at large.
M e nlso believe ifiat it is one of llie most imperative dn-
tips of all Legislative bodies, to relieve their constituents
front ail ittexitacai.lr cmluirrassmenr*, afsin litt- stenr pst:
bo effected without the sectifico of public interest, pttbisc
credit, or public character—we therefore actuated (wr
hope) by principles ot charity, the noblest feeling* in man,
together with a benevolent inclination towards nniveisni
philanthropy, do must earnestly recommend the fo lowing
resolutions to-.ho co..*idcia;ion of our Executive and llte
piildio generally.
1. Resolved, Thut we consider the present cmhnrrassrd
crisis as one of great moment to the fill nre prospei ity of
tlie cilizi-ns of Georgia, nnd ns one iiupor)oii<t\ demanding
public consideration, and Legislative action.
2. Resolved, Tltnt we believe il the diitv of every Ex
ec.titive lu courteously respect all pubdc injunctions when
made bv a respectable portion ol the citizens.
3. Resolved, That wo respectfully suggest to tite Ex
ecinivc, the propriety of railing together our L-gisiaiire
body, to lake into consideration the unparalleled pecunia
ry itnibarmssnictits of tite entire community*
4. Resolved, That we recommend to the prop* r func
tionaries, the immediate establishment of some parent in
stitution that will in some wav relieve those cinhntras*-
ntent* so much and so justly complained of.
5. Resulted, That we consider the primnrv ehjort foi
which the Central hank was established, Inn been entirely
perverted, and that we recommend a batik or some moni
ed institution to he established i:t its stem!, upon such a
basis and with such provisions as to entirely prevent *pcc-
uiatinn of any kind nr character.
(i. Resolved, 1 hat we consider w ith respert tite Fret
Banking system, hut at the same lime believe that the pic-
seut pcgui.iury embarrassments con in no wise be relieved
by it* opetations.
7. Resolved, That we earnestly recommend to tin* citi
zens of Georgia, the iniperitiu* necessity of prosecuting
some plan for our mutual Relief.
8. Resolved, That we most cordially recommend to the
citizens mutual forbearance and mutual indulgence, until
some action maybe had.
II. Resolved, That we consider it entirely consistent
with public interest, to establish either upon actual or
borrowed capital, u bank solely for the relief of the pre
sent and impending distress.
10. Resolved, That wc consider the attempt nl least
worthy of emulation, and hope that the philanthropic riti-
z r tt< of other parts of the State, will use similar cxerliot s.
11. Resolved, l hat we consider the com!net of haul s
at present, entirely derogatory to the charactt-x of bank
ing institutions.
12. Resolved, That it is not, nor ever has heott the pri
mary or secondary object oft hi* or any pi evions meeting, to
stop or impede the free execution of the i ollcc.tirg lnw,ai d
we view with merited contempt reports to the contrary.
By Benj. Brookins', Esq. moved, that the proceedings
of this meeting lie published in th<- Southern llecoidcr,
Southern Advocate and Fideral Union—signed by tin*
chairman anil counter signed bv the Secretary The meet
ing then adjourned siuedii-. SILAS FLOYD, Ch’r.
J. II. Smith, Sec’iy.
Newton Cocntt, l*t Mnrrh, 1839.
Messrs. Grieve jj- Orrne:—As it is important that the
approaching Convention be compeer d nf men of talent,
experience, nnd firmness, and as the services nf such of
our citizen* arc often lost to the country, hy their tiiiwi!*
lingncss to seek office, permit, me, thiouch your pap; r, to
suggest to the citizens of Newton county the following
ticket:—Jnsiah I’errv, John Webb, John .1. Flovrl, Wm-.
D. Couvers, nud Win. I’. Graham. A \ OXER.
PUBLIC MEETING.
At a meeting of the citizens rif Oglethorpe i-mtnlv, held
nt the Court-house in Lexington, on the 5th Murt h, 1839,
for the purpose of selecting candidates to represent this
county in the Reduction Convention, and also to select del
egate* to the Stale Rights Convei.lion for selection of n
candidate for Governor in May next. On motion of Hen
ry P. Hill, E-q.. Col. Robert Hubiiarp was appointed
Chairma.., and James W. DaVEN-roies, Secretary.
On motion of Henry Bank*, E.<q-r
Resolved, That the Chair man appoint a committee of
five, to select fotsr suitable persons to represent this county,
ii) sttid Convsnfioti, o-x! report furlltw it!) to this meeting.
Whereupon the Chairman appointed John Crawford,
Henry 1C Hill. Mini Sn.ilb, Sherwood Wise, and F. W.
Cook, who, after retiming a shoit tin e, reported the fol
lowing gentlemen: Messrs. Jol^i Billups, Clark Taylor
Jr.. Alexander T homas, and Benjamin F. Hardeman, us
the candidates of this county in the Reduction Conven
tion, tin.l* rit.rt they he requested l«» represent us in the gob
eruntotua! Convention also, which was agreed to.
Oil motion of P. \\ . Ilulchetson, Esq. the committee
have power to till any vacancy t but may «j* i:ur-
I-'rom the National lit. jlligcncer, February zf>
UNITED STATES, MAINE, AND GREAT BRITAIN
The follow ing i* a copy of the Message trnnsmi,,,.* t
the President of the United States to both Hoti«.
Congress, on Tuesrlav : ‘ r * »f
I lay before Congress several despatches front Ip* £
lenry the Governor of Maine, with cpelosutvs. rnr|
eating certain proceedings of the Legislature of i}, at
anil a copy of the reply of tite Secretary of Suit-, *. ,r '
toy direction, together with a note from H. S.Foi V*”
Extraordinary and Minister Plenipotentiary of c; r ' "n°^
tain, with the answer of the Secretary of State to the
It will appear from titose ilornniems, that a numerous b I
ol lawless and desperate men, chiefly from the adjoin'"'
British provinces, but without the authority or saw
the Provincial Government had trespassed on that non - "
“f die territory in dispute between t..e United Siatrl aZ
Great Britain, whii-li is watered by the river Aroostook,
claimed to belong to the Slate of Maine ; and that they j . *
committed extensive depredations there by cutting »i^|'
st roving a vety. large quantity of timber. It will further,!
pear, that the Governor ol .Maine, having been officially ,
prized of the circumstance, h ti! i-ouitnunii atcd it to the Leap
latttre, with a recommendation of such proviso ns. inadditiu*
to those already existing by law-, as would enable him
rest the course of said depredations,disperse the trespass..,-,
and secure the timber which they were ah. ut carry ing aw,,.'
that, in compliance with a resolve oi the Legislature, pa**,',]’
in pursuance of his recommendations, his Excellency baiVila
spa tidied the luttd agent of the State, with a force deem^i
adequate to lhat purpose, tu the scene of the alleged ih-p r ^
datums, who, alter accomplishing a part of his dutv w-j
seized by a hand ol the trespassers, at a house claimed’to I-
within the jurisdiction of Maine, whither he had repaired l. r
the purpose of meeting and consulting with the land aget-tnf
tite Province oi New-Brunswick, and conveyed ns a prisoner
to Fredenekton, in that Province, together with two off,,,
citizens ol the Citale. who were assisting him in the tliscliar-r
of his duty.
It w ill also appear, that the Governor and Legislature nf
Maine, satisfied that the trespassers had acted in deli;,ii te ,,f
the laws of both countries, learning that they were in p„ 5 * „
siott of arms, and anticipating (correctly, *a» the result 1,,*
proved.) that persons of their reckless nnd desperate rbam .
ter would set at naught the authority of ihcmagisiratrs.witlt.
out the aid of a strong force, had authorized tite Sltrriff'and
lilt-ohirer appointed in the place of tite laud agent, to eutpiti-
at the expien-c of the State, an armed posse, w ho had proceed
ed to the scene of these depred .turns, with a view to the rutin,
dispersion or arrest of the trespassers nud the protection u(
the public property.
Iu the correspondence between the Governor of Maine ae.l
Sir John Harvey, Lieutenant Govg,nor of the Province ,d
NeAv Brunswick, which hiuj +rti nut of these «M*currrBce» r
ana i*. likewise htrrevv uhefif ,ir»ui;j,-au tl. the foi mer is request
. lo rt>rn ^ anne^ * dTtv aiiranrai iuto lhe disj utetl ler
rnory lor the ar^st. of tresspassers, ami is itiiom.rd ihatn
strong bnrly of British troops is to he held in readuues*u>-M»im
port and prefect the authority ami subjects of (Jreat Britain
la id ifnitoiy. iij answer to that request, the PruviihLl
^ TOV eTnor 13 iiiionueJ ol the determination of the Stall* of
Maine to support the laud apt nt and his party in the perform
ant e of their duty, and the some uetrrinination, for the ex
ecution ol which provision i* made by a of tho
State Legislature, is rommuiiicated by the Governor to the
General Governments
The Lieutenant Governor of New-Brunswick, in railing
upon the Governor of Maine for the recall of the land agent
arsdlii.*- pariy from lhe disputed territory , and the British >lin-
i>ter :n making a similar den.and upon the Government oi
the l nited Stales, proceed upon the asjunipiion lhat an agree*
merit exists betw een the two nations conceding to Great feri-
taiii, until the final st ttleim-ntnt*the boundary question, exclu
sive possession of. and jurmdictb’U over, the territory in dis
pute. The important hearing which such an agreement, if it
existed, wonlri have upon the condition and interest of the
parries, and the influence il might have upon the adjustment
of the dispute, are loo obvious to allow the error upon which
tins assumption stems to rest, to pass for a moment without
correction. The answer of the Secretary of State to Mr.
Fox’s note will show the '/round taken by the Government
of the United States upon this point. It is believed that ail
the correspondence which has passed between the two Gar
ernments upon this subject has already heen communicated to
Congress, and is now on their fries. An abstract of it, however
hastily prepared, ac* om panics this communication. Itis poa
stole that in thus abridging a voluminous correspondence, com
mencing in 1H25 and continuing to a very recent period, a por
tion may have been accidentally overlooked ; Lm it is hchvr
ed that nothing has taken place which would male* iaUy
the aspect ol the question as therein presented- jta*tca<l of
sustaining the assumption of the British fcRHtiotrarics, that
correspondence disproves the existence of any *u?h* ngrau
uient
It shows that the two Governments have differed not only
m regard to the main question of title t< he territory in dispute
but with reference also to the right of jurisdiction, nnd the
facto! the actual exercise of it in different portions thereof.
Always aiming at an amicable adjustment of the dispute, L«nh
parties have entertained ami repeatedly urged np*«n each oth
er ® desire that each should exercise its rights, whatever it
considered fLe*n tube in ■uicU a manner as to avoid collision,
and allay, to the greatest practicable extent, the excitement
likely to grow out ol the controversy^ It was in pursuant n
of such an understand :ng that Maine and Massachusetts, np-
on the remonstrance el Great Britain, derisied from making
sales of lands, and the General Government from the con
struction of a pnjerierl military road in a poitioii of the ter
ritory ot w Inch they claimed to have enjoyed the exclusive pu»-
sessicn ; ami that Great Britain, on her pan, in defereiw r in *
similar rcmoiistrence from the United Stales. susj»eiided tp ttt .
issue ot licenses to cut tin 1 rr in tl e territory in controversy
and a.so die survey ami location of a rxilroad through a *rc
tion oi country over which she also claimed to hate exercis
ed exclusive jurisdiction
* •"'tale of Maine 'hn*1 a right to arrest the depredir.icrs-
complained of; it belonged to her to judge of lhe rx *.ricv
of the occasion calling ior her interference; ami itis p»c-
slimed that had the Lieutenant Govern* r of New-Brunsv irk-
Lee 11 correctly aclvj.-eri of the nature of the pro* ei dines of lhe
iSinte of Maine, he would not have regarded the imus^rtien
as requiring on uis part, any resort to force. Kadi party claim-
iiig a right to the territory, and hence lo the exclusive juri»-
oiction over it, it is manifest that, to prevent the ricsirucli* a
o( the timl erl»y tr* spasseir acting against the authority of huh,
and at the same time avoid forcible cdiisiou between the con
tiguous kioveinmeiits during the pendency of uegociaticnsrcn-
cerning the rifle, resort miiMl e ha«i lo tl.e mutual extrcineof
jurisrliction in such extreme cases, or to an amicable and tem
porary arrangement as to lhe limits wiiLm which it should 1«
exercised Ly each party. f l be understanding supposed to ex
ist between the United States and Great Britain has 1 mi
found heretofore tniheieut for that purpose and 11 elieve will
prove so Ler»*rltex. if the parties on the frontier, directly inter
ested in the question, aie lespectively governed Lv n just
spirit of conciliation and forbearance, "if it shall 1 e foLno,«s
tiiere is now reason to apprclicnd, that there is. in the mi trie*
ot construing that understatiding hy ihc tVo Government*,-
a difference not to be reconciled. I shall not hesitate to prrpos**
to her Britannic Majesty's Government a distinct arrnr.j;^
merit for the temporary and mutual exercise of jurisdictiui ,
by means of wLicli Similar crifEcultics may iulutureLe pre
vented.
But between an effort on thr part of Maine to preserve tl r
property in disjmte from destruction by intruders, and a
military occupation by that State of the territory, with «
view to hold n by force, while the settlement is a "subject of
negotiation between the two Governments, there an exsru-
lial different e. as well in respect to the position of the fciiafe,
as to the duties of the Genetid Government. In a letter ad
dressed by the Secretary of Fiate to the Governor of Maine,-
on the 1st of March last, giving a detailed nairment of ihc*
steps which hail Leeu taken Ly ibe rederal Government t<»
bring the controversy to a tet urination, and designed to ap
prize the Governor of tliul tfiale of the views ot the Federal
Kxocuiive in resj ect to the future, it was stated, that while
the obligations ot tho* Federal Government to do all in i:«•
power to effect the settlement of the boundary question were
lully recognized, it had, in the event of being unable lo do hy
specifically, 1 y mutual consent, nooiLer means to aocoBqilisli
that object amicably, than by another arhitrdiien, or i v n
commission with an umpire in tie nature of an arbitration^
and that, in the event of all other measures failing, the Pre
sident would feel il his duty to suLinii another proposition -
to the Government of Great Britain, to refer the decision of
the question to a third Power. These are still inv views*
upon lhe subject, ai:<J until this step shall have been taken,-
I cannot think it proper to invoke lhe attention of Congress*
toother than amicable means tor the vett ement of the contro
versy, or to cause tl.e military power of the Federal Govcim-
meut to be brought iu aid ot the IState of Maine, in any at*
tempt to effect that object hy a resort to force.
On the other hand, if the authorities of New-Brunswick
should attempt to enforce the claim of exclusive junsoiction-
j set up by them, by means of u military occupation on their
part ot tl.e disputed territory, 1 shall feel myself hound tn*
consider the contingency piovidcd by the Constitution as*
having oct urreri, on the happeuirg oi which a Suite has ti «
right to call for the aid of the Federal Government r<*p*!«
invasion.
1 have expressed to the British Minister near this Govern
ment a conffdeiit expectation that the agents of the State nf
Maine, wi o have been arri sled under an obvious inisnppre-
heiisif n of the object of their mission, will Le promptly re
leased; and to the Governor of Maine, that a similar course*
will Le pursued in regard to the agents of the Province • £
New-l»ruiiswi« k. 1 have alsorec < louiended that any militia
that may^have been breusht together by the State of Mfiiutv
troin an apprehension ot a coffision with the Government nr
people of ike British Provinca, w LI be voluntarily ami ytac«-
ably disbanded.
I cannot allow myself to doubrthat the results aiiricipaied
freui these representatiows will Le seasc nably realized. The
parties more immediately interested cannot bui perceive that
au appeal to arms, under existing circumstuin.es, will not
only prove fatal to their pieseut interests, but would post
pone, if not defeat, the attainment of the main objects which
thev have in view. The very incidents which have recently
occurred will necessarily awaken the Governments to the
importance of promptly adjusting a dispute by which it is
now wade manifest that the peace of the two nations is daily
and imminently endangered. This expectation is further
warranted by the general foi bear a nee which has hitherto
characterized the conduct of the Government and people «»n
Loth sides of the line, lu llie uniform patriotism of Maine,
her attachment to the Union, her respect for tl.e wishes of
the people of her rister Stales, of whose interest in her wel
fare she cannot be unconscious,, and in the solicitude fe l Ly
the country at large for the preservation «f pence with our
neighbors,-we have a strong guaranty that she will not disre
gard the request that has been inane oi Ler.
As, however, the session of Congress is about to tenwin® ,e **
and the agency of the Executive may become necessary
ing the recess, it is important that the attention of the hrgtf-
lciure should be drawn to the consideration of svebvn assies-
as may be calculated to obviate the necessity of » ca “ alv
extra session. With tha*»view, 1 have thought n my doty
to lay llie whole metier before you, and to invite sack action,
.thereon as you may ihhzk the occasion
VAN BURLN.
Wamiingtox, February 2G r i£3S>-
'1 he Message u d Docun euts were itfcrred to theCcrn
uiaee on Foreign IL liitioi.r*-.