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distribution of the pioffeeds of (fce lands, both of »vhich produce ievetiue the iSenator will iecali to his recollection, rule of interpretation with which he 1 fe'tly familiar, he will be sensible p atr j olisin __ ... there is no room for Ins apprehension.— ' (he patriotism no less pure, the sound discretion. The terms of a lffir, whether fundamental ! the sleepless vigilance, above all, the •• be- or of ordinary legislation, are to he inter-j nipnant desirefoi peace aod concilliation” which preted with inference to the subject matter animated the gallant soldier who watched over , • , . i i ot „ ; the safety of the Union in that moment ol ex- wlncu ,t was intended to regulate. L he ( chemM1 all lhi? unhrd l0 avert lhe ^ That Convention was engaged in iegn at Jg distinguished officer was found then* as in many manner in which Congress should exercise ; a dj|rk ( earfl ,| hour he hasheeu found, ful- the power of raising revenue by taxation. ( | y a( j e q Uale to whatever service his country re- This was the subject, and the sole subject, ( | U j re d at his hands. That perilous moment of thoir delibetatioiis, in settling the terras i has gone bv. God forbid that such another of this prohibitory clause. This is obvious should ever recur, to try again, and in like from an rinrawii^n of the clause in its I manner, the strength of our free institutions . j I ; n ,u„ I This unhappv 9trife was terminated by an act successive stages, lroiu tnedeoates in tne .... c_ j/ Convention in relation to it, unit from tt.e slate in relation j p. jge leave the existing revenue system uudistdrbed, | sioners. issue, at the option of the holder, a new i ner wisues may oe ot uie most i«i;h tenuency.— anti weaitn, nnu »u nr. TO «ij ■« »• peace mu | I cannot, of course-, authorise l& ,, . until a more propitious season shall occur for its certificate for the amount, distinguishing princi- . It might lead, and most probably would, to such safety, that would reject the offer. Nor are j in an official form, because I d., not knowVowT revision. I am free to admit that the act of 1842 ■ pal from interest, and payable to him or order, j an entire alienation of sentiment and feelings as other powers, Mej-ico inclusive, likely in any : grass will be disputed to swsurin jh e mea»n7 - I cannot, uf course,authorizey„ n t9 . fact, that the powerto leg to the revenues of the Government which are derived fiom any other source than tax ation. is given to Congress, with equal right to the Senate to originate bills in relation to them. The power to raise revenue from the Post Office, is given by tbe eighth ! section of t he iirst article of the Constitu-' a | con f l( j enC e, a gallant .Stale and her sis- tion : and a like power over the revenue to ters 0 f ,), e confederacy. be derived from the public lands, by the j Mr. President, i would do much, bear much, third section of the fourth article. The j suffer much, before I would take any step which prohibition which we are considering, that j might lead to the revival of those feelings. Yet i . , ... , 0 , c. , 0 ' I agree that there is a point at which resistance which inhibits the Senate nom originating a «• . ‘ 5 ; to oppression becomes a freemans duly—a Inn- SOIine ! . , _ . ... , ... ur.... l. - i 1 ■ a: of peace and conefiliation—bv the mem orable compromise of 1833. It is a bright our country’s annals which re cords this act of patriotism and mutual forbearance. We may, though I trust we shall uot, sully those which follow, but its brightness we cannot dim. It did not restore peace to the country, lot happily that had not been brokeo—but it brought back to their an cient relations of kindness and amity and recip- is, in tny judgment, liable to objections. I ton j out of the net proceeds of the public lands here- ‘ would inevitably induce her to look elsewhere degree to be injuriously affected by the ratifica- J Executive. My object » merely to enable influenced by the consideration that in a Govern- by ceded, or stock of the United States, for the \ for aid, aud force her either to enter into danger- tioa of the treaty. The prosperity of Texas will , ders*an4 our views and fealtec*,' *mi M rttiB,,,^ " menl like ours, there are some thiugs which are amount allowed, including principal and interest, \ ous alliances with other nations, who. looking be equally interesting to ail, in the increase of , Quince* ©f success iu tbr poliej which we ' more important than the rate of duty which — 1 *- ' ‘ 1 " • u - : - ' A * * u " ’ —“—•**-* 1 pursue ’ pay on imports we consume : that there some crises in the political condition of a nat in which it is wise to abstain from innovation , even lliough that which is proposed should, un-| so be receiveable in payment for the same. In j orderto secure the necessary i der more favorable circumstances, hold out the j case the amount of the debts and lialriiiiies allow- j ever step she might adopt, looking to this object. , free to confess. I see no danger. The federative | prospect of benefit. I thought the tariff' ; of | ed. with the sums afdresaid to be paid to Fred- j would prove disastrous in the highest degree, to system is susceptible of the greatest extension 1 1842 was liable to objections at tbe time of its ! ertek Dawson, and which may be paid in the re- j the interests,of the whole Union. To say noth- compatible with the ability of the representation * ‘ l "‘ J " : demption of the exchequer bills, shall exceed j ing of the impolicy of our permitting the car- ol the mo~t distant State or territory to reach the the said sum of teo millions of dollars, the said j rying trade and home market of such a country seat of government in time to participate in the Secretary, before issuing a new certificate, or stock, as the case may be, shall make in each case such proportionable and rateable reduction on its amount as to reduce the aggregate to the- said sum of ten millions of dollars, and he shail passage. I believed that some ot the duties were too high ; that some articles were subject ed to duty which ought to have been left free, and that some were left free which ought to have been subjected to duty. I therefore voted against it, but with the express declaration to some of its friends as well as its opponents, that if it should fail by a single vote, as almost up to j have power to make all needful rules and regu- ilie moment when it was put to the question I lations necessary to carry into effect the powers- there was reason to believe it would do, I would j hereby vested in him. instantly move its reconsideration. I would j Art. V r Jl. Until further provision shall be have dime this from the irrepressible desire which j made, the laws of Texas, as now existing, shall I felt that the honor of the country should be j remain in force, and all executive and judicial redeemed and its credit restored, and from a | officers of Texas, except the President. Viee- jovemment or this people is either ht toward tier. ' ***> * * » * # I ermit me earnestly to urge iTpowyou the most firm conviction that, in the circumstances in I President and heads of departments, shall retain which we were placed, this could ouly be done j their offices, with all power and authority apper- by the passage of that bill in its present or in | taining thereto, and the courts of justice shall it beyond which the sufferings which are inflicted j some modified form. I would never have con- j remain in all respects as now established and or- vrnment She is pushing „„ fc Pr pwiiev more than she herself intended, and ils resets threw* endanger the peace of the wo.Id. C«..- com :rv fc “ * interest in it. which involves her destinies. Next a despatch from Mr. Upshvt» Mr. I', to pass out of our hands into those of a com- ; functions of legislation, and to make known the merci.il rival, the Government in the first place wants of the constituent body. Oureonfederat- woujd be certain to suffer most disastrously ill its ed republic consisted originally of thirteen mem- tevenue by the introduction of a system of bers. It now consists of twice that number, smuggling, upon an extensive scale, which an while applications are before Congress to per- army of custom house officers could not pre- mil other additions. vent—and which would operate to affect injtiri- This addition of new States has served to oosly the inteiests of all the industrial classes of ; strengthen rather than to weaken the Union, this country. Hence would arise constant col- ! New inteiests have sprung up which require the lisions between the inhabitants of the two coun- united power of all, through the action of the tries which would ever more endanger their i common government to protect and defend upon .- , re peace. A large increase of the military force of the high seas and in foreign parts. Each State . taw*. 1 e a “ 1 e guarantee °. °ur Coo»moaaa the United States would inevitably follow, thus . commits, with perfect security, to that common devolving upon the people new and extr.tordi- , government those great interests growing out of narv burdens, in order not only to protect them our relations with other nations ot the world, and from the danger of daily collision with Tex- ' which equally involve the good of all the States, as herself, but to guard their border inhabitants Its domestic concerns are left to its own erclu- against hostile inroads, so easily excited on the j sive management. part of the numerous and warlike tribes of In- But if there were any foice in tbe objection, it dians dwelling in their neighborhood. Texas would seem to require an immediate abandou- would undoubtedly be unable, for many years to ment ol territorial possessions which lie in the erett, September 21, 1843:— Sir: The movements of 3rest Britan- -»;ii). , to African slavery have at lengili assumed i which demands the serious attention of this 6bv rr -- SCl!: So long as we were permitted to believe itertl* V to abolish slavery was confined to private isdivr i" actuated by a sense of justice or a feeling of pii|.-.l**' e were cuntent to leave the i.suetothecaha n*" P.v. But it now wears a different aspect, and pres™,:, vOJiin a riuch more formidable attitude. Ther» many and strong reasons for believing that th e abo |J* ot domestic slavery throughout tbe eminent and hiwT of America is the leading obje. t in the present p„| ic T ' c-nglanti. If that policy was confined to her own ions we should have no right to complain. in the terms of the resolution reported by lings forbid them to ask relief at tbe hand revenue btll,is’confined tollteexercise _ taxing- power, which is regulated by the I b , )n wi S e and unjust legislation ought no j sented to adjourn leaving that unneoinplished.— j gani/.ed. seventh section of the first article. longer to be home. But does this oppression, j If the result had been to impose undue burdens I Art. VIII. Immediately after the exchauge Mi. President, 1 think it is now suf-, do these sufferings exist ? Do they exist in that | on the South, I would have cheerfully borne my ] of the ratifications of this treaty, the President ficientlv obvious, that the bill introduced I degree which requires that we should, in the | share of those burdens iu m v own person, and 1 j of the United States, by and with the advice and ul ■qpnntor from South Carolina i s peculiar condition of the country at this mo- felt that I could rely on my constituents, if it , consent of the Senate, shall appoint a commis- , , . ' . . t * .. j ment, agitate anew this exciting topic ? Where | were necessary, to make si larger sacrifice than ! siuner, who shall proceed to Texas and receive j come, if at any lime, lo resist, unaided and , distance, and stretch !o a lar-oH sea; and yet no justly and truly a revenue DHj—in me very j exlreinj!y suffering? What memo- ! this, to redeem the national honor. Mv expec- ! the transfer of the territory thereof, and all the j alow*, 'he military power of the United'States: j one would be found, it is believed, ready to re words ot the Constitution, a bill tor raising j ria( has anno ., nt 4d its existence ? Is it said j tations were realized. That determination was | achives and public property, and other thing* j -*ut it is not extravagant to suppose that nations ; commend su< h an abandonment. Texas lies at revenue; that it cannot legitimately °rigi- : t h a t Southern men are the victims; that they | frankly communicated to the people of Georgia, j herein conveyed, in the name of the United j reaping a rich harvest from her trade, secured to j our very dpors. and iu our immediate vicinity, nate iti rjie Senate, and ought thetefore, j arenot , )rone tocomplatn; thnttheiriwlignant lee- j and was cheered bv the approbation of those to j States. He shall exercise all executive author- i them by advantageous treaties, would be indue- Under every view which I have been able to ...... .... i i - ■ "» • ' ■ - * ' - 1 r '*— :J •- — -- a, 1 e-l to take part with her in any conflict with us, : take of the suhjeef. I think that the interests of from the strongest considerations of public poll- i our common constituents, the people of all the in '-‘e London Morni ^ Art. IX. The present treatv shall be ratified j cy. Such a state of things might subject to de-| Stales, and a love of the Union, loll tbe Execu- j naveatn-aaei . ie re s , ent s yttention. by the contracting parties, and”the ratifications j vastation the territory of contiguous States, and j live no - tlier alternative than to negotiate the exchanged at the city of Washington, in six j would cost the country, in a single campaign, I treaty. The high and solemn duty of ratifying months from the date thereof, or sooner if j more treasure, thrice told over, than is stipulat- or of rejecting it. is wisely devolved on the Sen- possible. j ed to be paid and reimbursed by the treaty now - ate by the Constitution of the United States. Jn witness whereof, we. the undersigned, pleu- proposed for ratification. 1 will not permit my- i JOHN TYLER, iploientiaries of the United States of America ! self to dwell on this view of the subject. Gotl and of the Republic of Texas, have signed by sequences of a fatal character to the peace of virtue of our powers, the present treaty of an- * * TT J " c ‘'' _ nexation, and have hereunto -affixed our seals, respectively. Done at Washington, the twelfth day of April, the Committee on Finance, to be inffen- oppressors ? Rut if it be true, as is so earnestly nitely postponed. And here, sir, I would - contended, that the act of 1642 not only enlrau- gladly close this discussion, and await the ! ces the prices of foreign c«,umodit.es to the decision of the Senate on the . 1 extent of the duty which it imposes, but com- question 1 . , | • l * ' ' pels -consumers also to submit -t-o a correspond- a sear on tins floor. 1 do but expressiheii opiu- I ecution of the laws, until otherwise provided, ions, therefore, in the vote which I am about to give on this bill. Bat if it be her purpose to extend her policy to otic ' countries, and to me her influence to bnni. ! “ ! f nl « ed seriously affec, the io.iitutions!'- j tiearlv half the States of our X nton the dmv which w 1 owe, notonh to .utr interests, but to nur indepenien* ! and dignity, detnands a prompt aud deemed countered I tton on our part. Tbe remarks of Lord Binughant and Lord Aberdee in the House of Lords, on tbele'tbof^uuutt.asrepfir.- Chronicle of_tbe succeeding^ [CONCLUDF.lt NSXT WEEK wlircli it involves; out the extent which j of prices in similar articles of do- has been already given to this debate, rang- niestic muuulacturc, speaking as a Southern ing, as il lias tlttue, over the whole system ; ma n, I marvel that our Northern brethren, who of revenue as now established by law, both l are consumers like ourselves, aud more nuiner- in principle and detail, ami the deterroina- j o»s than we are. and ready enough to complain lion still further to prosecute the same ex- when they see themselves aggrieved—I marvel tended discussion, makes it -my duty to sub- j that they do not become sensible of the suffer- jings which, without knowing it, t<*ey arecompell- . j ed to bear.-I pursue the inquix). Do these things as have brought my mind to the conclu- J ex -, S { j Sir, this involvesa question of fact—the sion, that we ought not further to prosecute j inquiry, what is tlie actual condition of the coun Iu Senate ol' the United Xlnlo. APKIL 22, 1S44. Bend the firnt nnd second lime, relerred to the Committee on Foreign Relation*, and ordered to be printed, iu confidence, for the use of the Senate, A Treaty oj Annexation, concluded betmeeu Ike United States of America, and the liepnblic of Tex- Washingtom, April 22, 1844. i The lnnsuage attributed to Lord Brougham U pe rfert I Iv explicit and plain. He is hostile to slavery w | principle, nnri anxious to abolish it every where." ! however, paiticularly desirous to ab,ilish it in Ttti j liecause the abolition ol it in that country will, in ^ ; opinion, necessarily lead to the same result in tlie t xtai this measure. Independently, then, sir, of all constitu tional objections to this bill, 1 would urge its indefinite postponement, from the con sideration that it cannot lead'to any practi cal result ; that it does not even express the views and intentions of the honorable Senator by whom it was introduced, as try at this moment as compared with that in which It was before the -aei-oi' 1842 was passed? It is not necessary to my put pose to deter mine whether the present state of things is pro duced by that act, or exists i-u spite of it. I lim it myself to the inquiry whether there is now existiug in our eoumiy such a degree of suffer ing. no matter how produced, as will justify us in unsettling onr-revenue svsiem and einbat- eighteen hundred and forty four. JOHN C. CALHOUN. [Seal.] ISAAC VAN ZANDT, [Seal.] J. PINCNEY HENDERSON. [Seal.] JlcMajc of the President. To the Senate of the United States: I transmit, herewith, for your approval and ratification, a treaty which I have caused to be as, at Washington, the twelfth, day of April, 1844. I The people of Texas, having, at the time of adopting their Constitution, expressed by anal- most unanimous vote, their desire to be ineor- poratej into tbe Union of the United States, and being still desirous of the same, with equal una nimity, in order to provide mure effectually for their security and prosperity; and the United States, actuated solely by the desire to add to their own security and prosperity, and to meet [ negotinied between the United States and Texas, 5 the wishes of the Government and people of Tex- ' whereby, the latter, on the conditions therein , , - . .. ,, , - . ... • as. have determined to accomplish, by treaty, i set forth, lias transferred and conveyed all its these have been untoMeJ in the progress rassing the pt.rst.ut.ol m\amy var ous ^ so imporMnltotheir mut P ua | a nd perrha- | rights of separate and independent sovereignty of this debate. The bill proposes to re - ■ departments 1 It w a mere question of tact | | and jurisdiction to the United States. In taking peal Liie existing revenue system, and to : An a .^ s , Her ,L ^ a nmn^, * ‘ 1 J For that purpose, the President of (lie United : so important a step, I have been influenced by substitute or it, one uniform ad valorem j { in the conditirm of the country | ,ates 1,as fu!1 P°7 er r s T ,n J< ?‘‘ n C ' Call ' w, 1 n ’ ! »*« *» be the most controlling <b.ty on all dutiable articles. It provides ' sjn ^ Au 1842 . .Whether it be because of Secretary of State ol the United States, and the considerations of public policy and the general tor the reduction of all exisl.ng duties lo ' wrJffofthat vear ,. or in «pi,e oJ"«, l repeat .is . Pmudeit of the Republic of fexashas ai.pomt- good ; and „i having accomplished it, should it twentv-five and twenty per cent.ad valorem, ! not a subject of tnv present infuixv. Ian. deal- ed ’ ' v,,b l,k - e P° wers - lsaac Van Zant and J- meet with your approval, the Government will and (by a slip of the pen of course) re- j ing with facts, not theory—and these things I quires that both these tales of duty shall take to be undeniobic, in the comparison be- . the Union, and even to 'he preservation of the j ACCOMPANYING CORRESPONDENCE. Union itself, might he dwelt upon. They will ; The first letter of rhe correspondence is from I not. however, fail to occur lo the mind of the Messrs. Van Zaudt and Henderson to iMr. Cal- 1 Senate and of the country. Nor do I indulge ) lioun, ailedging the desire of the Texan people | in any vague conjectures of the future. The j for the annexation, and showing the assets and j documents now transmitted along with the trea- 1 liabilities of the single star re-pnblic, as follows : | ty, lead to the conclusion, as inevitable, that if I lands unappropriated, 136,111.327 acres; debts J the boon now tendered be rejected, Texas will ! of various descriptions, S7.000.000. J seek for the friendship of others. j Next is a letter from Mr. Y'an Zandt to Mr. In contemplating such a contingency, it can- j Webster. December 14, 1842, showing the bru- I not be overlooked that the United States are al- - tal aud uncivilized character of the war waged I readyvalmost surrounded by the possessions of 1 by Mexico upon Texas, and uiging the interfer- European powers. The Canadas. New Brims- | ence of the U. States, either to stop it or enforce i wick and Nova Scotia, the islands in the Amer- [ its conduct in a more Christian fashion. ] ican seas, with Texas, trammelled by treaiiesoU Next a letterfrom Mr. Upshur to Mr. Mur- t alliance, or of t commercial character, differing j phy, August 8, 1843, from which we give the 1 in policy from that of the United States, would j essential passages: [complete the circle. Texas voluntarily steps i Sir: A private letter from a citizen of Man-land, j forth, upon terms of perfect honor and good faith ! l h e “ i'^Lomion. contains the following passage : ’ to all nations, to ask to be annexed to the Union. I j As an independent sovereignty, her right to do ! A m " vf " ment “f *»'w sort cannot be contemplated by this is unquestionable. In doing' so. she gives ; ^ bllL ' h “«“"•!? U P"." neighbor,ng ( r x country would necessarily be viewed by this Govern- ! n0 c ' n,se of umbrage to any other power; her j ment ," itll verxdppp C( ,„ r " Prn: bltt w hen iti, made up- i people tlesiie it, Hnd there is no slavish transier ' ,m H nation whose Territories join the Shareholding ! of her sovereignty and independence. She has | S.tates of our Union, it awaken, a still moie solemn \\ heuier or not the langunge attributed to Lord Abet- j deen was meant to extend beyond the sin-ie fart of i , ! liberation of the slaves of Texas, may perhaus admit if • doubt. But it is fairly .susceptible of a much more, tended construction. Hence it is of great importance that this government should be tally and accurately informed in regardtotbe { for eight years maintained her independence be imposed on the thirty-first day of De- i ,w een the two periods : cernber next. * 1. The credit of the Government was pros- Notv does the Senator from South Carolina ; irate, and it has been redeemed. Its bills were think, does any honorable Senator believe, that j piowwted. Its Treasury note* wore below par. there can be found in both branches of the Na- ; It sought a loan, and could not obtain it, either tional Legislature. Senators and Representa- j here or in Europe, but upon terms which were lives, equal iu number to one of the standing j humiliating to a great nation. It could not go committees of tiv“ House, who in the present into tbe market and borrow rpouey on terms as condition rtf the country, dn all its varied as- i favorable as would be accortieS to a responsible peers, wrnfld consent to sixbetirme'for tire exist- i individual. All this has been changed. Its ing revenue system the rate-of duty and mode stock is above par. The Government has am- «f assessment provided bv this bill ? { appre- pie mer.tis to meetdts current expenditures, and etne-p -such’is new .its-credit th-ai it oo«ld command interest. It rauuot be permitied to succeed withuiil tlie most slreniiom eff.irt, on our part to arrest a calamity so -serious to every part of our couutrr. 4?inckuey Henderson, citizens of said Republic: | have succeeded in reclaiming a territory which ] and the said Plenipotentiaries, after exchanging formerly constituted a portion, as it is confidenl- • their full powers, have agreed and concluded the ly believed, of its domain, tinder the treaty of j against all efforts to subdue her. She has been | following articles: j cession of ISU3, by France to the Uniied States, j recognised as independent by many of 'be most Art. I. The Republic of Texas, acting in The country thus proposed to be annexed, has j prominent of the lamily of nations, arid that re- confoimiiy with the wishes of the people and j been settled principally by persons from the f cognition, so far as they are concerned, places I “I lenrn from a source entitled to the fullest confi- ; every department of its Government, cedes to the ' United States, who emigrated on the invitation ( fier in a position without giving anv iust umbrage ,llHt '^ ere ' 4 " !UV ,ierl ‘ 11 Mr- And tews, deputed i what measures she has pursued and is -,>u; suing for the ” States, ail its territory, lo be held by ! of both Spain and Mexico ; and who carried with to them to sutrender her sovereiuntv at her own f»V ab..l.uo..i,ts of Texas to negotiate with the Brit- ^°“P !, . shm ent of tb»e ob>o.s, or either of them. I J ‘ ( " * . rn. tt j o ^ j Goveinment. That he has seen Lord Aberdeen ; cannot of course point out to you the channels thiooeh will and pleasure. 1 he l n : ted btateSi actuated aud submitted hispioject for the abolition of slavery which this information mny be best acquired. It is pro *> may be learned by free communication charge d'affaires in London, t ^ , f°/ ma don may doubtless be obtained from sion includes all the public lots and squares, va- j pies ol civil liberty, and will bring along with • ment of the”public debt of Texas w» Lwi I in Davment Texas land*i that ihn «um. thu. advanced ar,d /V 1 ? 1 ille P alj,if! hed p r oe«dn!gt Uniied States, all j them in full property and sovereignty, and to be., them into the wilderness which they have par V . T- , .. 1 - rn .- •! . • I L I I ‘ I' 1 *' 1 auu suomuted ms pi elect lor the abolition nt slavery ,,,, . annexed to the United States as one tff (heir Ier- : tiaily reclaimed, the laws, customs and political evermore by a spirit of justice, has desired, by i in Texas, which is, that there shall be organized a that much ; ritories, subject to the same constitutional pro- ! and domestic institutions of their native land. the stipulations of the treatv, to render justice I company in England who shall advance a’’sutticient . ' < visions with their other Territories. This ces- j They are deeply indoctrinaied in ail the priuci- ! to all. ‘ They have made provision for the pav- ^ sum to pay for the slaves now in Texas, and receive private'indiSS bend not. and with the more confidence, ernce. j cant lands, mines, minerals, salt lakes and j them, in the act of re-association, devotion to springs, public edifices, fortifications, barracks, j our Union, and a firm and indexible resolution ’ pons and harbors, navy and navy yards, docks, • to assist in maintaining tlie public liberty unitn- lter ample and fertile domain as the certain means j shal * I ,a ‘d over as an indemnity tor the abolition ot ; of accomplishing this ; but this is a matter be- ’ * laver ? ’• un, j 1 a™ authorized by the Texan minister to | tween the United States and Texas, and with I * J™ Lord Aheroeeo h«« agreed th«t_ihe — — - , c 1 . : t . y j" • » | -- - * i j- .j ^»tv x. tii ujc i. iiituu oi.Jicn ciiiu 4 id. its, dim nun t ■, • • i ■,, , ... it I understand the Senator from South Carol i- j ^ 6 ^ M1one 5 r require, j magazines, arms, armaments and accoutrements, ! paired—a consideration, which, as it appears to • which other governments have nothing to do. interest ^»n' ^ i ^ Io?i i T i! J 4 on ^o u ch d 011° t li at "the 1 T e xnn ua. he does not himself approve it. It is an av- ! 2. The Treasury was empty, ft ts now re- , in n e and nut a uniform duty of twenty per i plenished. has an increasing income probably ,-ent which lie desires to establish. The honor- j adequate to its wants, and the means, it need be, able Senator repels the idea of this horizontal j ol addingto it. ,Intv. as it is called, and advocates the propriety : 3■ The commerce and navigation of the coun- of discriminating for the purpose of rrymue, or tr y have increased. vnrviuv the rate of duty imposed, illustrating 4. Its agricultural condition Iras improved, ids views in tli.s particular by suggesting a duty ! 5. There has been a marked improvement in o! twenty live per cent, on silks and ot fifteen il* e ^trice ou< gieat staple, percent, on coarsecuttcm -Yet he presses up- ! 6. A -rcdncu«n iu the priccs-of almost all, if oil us the consideration of this bill, which, in i net absolutely-of eve;y artide of consumption. Jirect conflict with his own expressed views, iin- 7. To crown the whole, every li-iancli of in- pesesone uniform indiscriminate rate of duty [ dustry had been stimulated to increased activity, on all tlie dutiable articles of import. If the ■ and confidence has been restored- These things Senate possesses tlie power, by a bill originating I apprehend are true. The tariff of 1842 has here, to modify the existing revenue, and it is been in efficient operation butdillle more than a the purpose oftlie honorable Senator to call us i year, and they have followed, whether as effects to tlie exercise of that power, surely we have a of that measure or as mere sequences, I do not 11-'lit to ask that the measure which he proposes inquire—they exist. Tbe cnuntiy is sensibly should be in accordance, not to conflict, with ! relieved ; il is mtt suffering as it was in 1642. It his own v ew of what that modification ought j hi a state of convalescence—inceptive, indeed to be. Unless this is dune, unless -some tnea- ; still enfeebled by a long course of privation, but sure looking to a practical result be proposed, j yet obviously recovering from ils prostration, this discussion is not merely vain and nugatory, j and cheered by the prospect of complete res- Out absolutely injurious in its tendency- One toration. Looking to-this slate of things, to of two tilings is true. E.ulier we prosecute this f>«hfic credit, to revenue, to commerce and navi- bill without any view to a practical resuit, or it Station. !o agriculture, to the prices of commo- is intended to found upon it r.n entire revision ! dities, to the increased activity of every branch of:he existing system of revenue, if tire for- industry, and to the general awl obviously nn- mer—if this bilfis designed merely to answer the proved condition ol the country, I ask is this a an author's title page” in a ir.edern ! nine for excitement, lor agitation, fur interfering t archives and public documents, public funds, me. is to be regarded as of no small moment, j debts, taxes auddues, unpaid at the time of the ; The country itself, thus obtained, is of iucalcu- i exchange of the ratifications of this treaty. liable value in an agricultural and commercial 1 Art. II. The citizens of Texas shall be in- point of view. j corporated into the Union of the United States, j To a soil of inexhaustible fertility, it unites :* maintained and protected in the free enjoyment genial and healthy climate, and is destined, at a of their liberty and property, and admitted, as . day not distant, to make large contributions to i soon as may be consistent with the principles of ! the commerce of the world. Its territory issep- | the Federal Constitution, to the enjoyment j arated from the United States, in part, by an k of all the rights, privileges and immunities of j imaginary line, and by the river Sabine, fora ■citizens of the United States. i distance of 310 miles; and its productions are , Art. III. All titles and claims to real estate, ! the same with those of many of the contiguous which are valid under the laws of Texas, shall be States of the. Union. Such is the country, such . Our right lo receive the rich grant tendered by ; Government will abolish slavery, i Texas is perfect; and this government should i It is »n important thing to England to obtain an in- nof, having due respect either to its own honor j fluence over the policy of Texas; and the present situ- 1 or ils own interests, permit its course of policy anon of that countiy offers her every encouragement tube interrupted by the interference of other to make the attempt. Tressed by an unrelenting ene- powers, even ifsuch interference was threatened. ! ,n >' 0,1 her borders, her treasury exhausted, and her In the ! ahnost desirme J . Texas is in a condition to . The question is one purely American . . r . , . I . .- n r . need the support ot oilier no:ions, and to obtain it upon . acquisition, while we abstain must carefullv from i r 11 , , . , ... . 1 ' ... , .. - . . . terms ot great hardship and many sacrifices to ht rselt. all that could interrupt the public peace, we claim - 1 J If she should receive no countenance aad support from die United Stales, it is not an extravagant suppo- 1 a 11 j u— .. „ii »i, n held so by the United States; and measures shall j are its inhabitants, and such its capacities to add I States demand of other governments to surren- This government cannot, consistently with its | s j t ion ihnt England may and will reduce her to oil the honor, permit any such interference. With | dependence ol a colony, without takiog upon herself * equal, if not greater propriety, might the United the onerous duties and responsibilities of the mother , be adopted for the speedy adjudication of all un settled claims to land, and patents shall be grant ed to those found to be valid. i to the general wealth of the Union. As to the I latter, it may be safely asserted, that in the mag nitude of its productions, it will equal, in a short | Art. IY r . The public lands hereby ceded tune, under the protecting care ot this Goveru- shall be subject to tlie laws regulating the public j ment. if it does not surpass, the combined produc- lands in the other Territories of the United ! lion of many States of the Confederacy. Anew States, as far as they may be applicable ; sub- j and powerful impulse will thus be given to the ject, however, to such alterations and changes | navigating interest of the country, which will be , as Congress may from time to time think pro-j chiefly engrossed by our fellow citizens of the [ per to make. It is understood between the par- Eastern and Middle States, who have already t ties, that if, in consequence t»f<he mode in which ' attained remarkable degree of prosperity i lands have been surveyed in Texas, or from pre- by the partial monopoly they have enjoyed, of . vious grants or locations, the sixteenth section ■ ■he carrying trade of the Union, particularly the : cannot lie applied for the purpose of education, . coastwise trade, which this new acquisition is destined in time, and that not distant, to swell country. The aid which it is stid she now offers to wards the abolition of slavery, although probably not tlie lirst, is a very important step; it will be followed by others, which will not fail to establish tor her a con trolling influence for many years to come. Tlie United ■ der their numerous and valuable acquisitions, made in time past, at numberless places on the surface of the globe, whereby they have added to their power and enlarged their resources. To Mexico, the Executive is disposed to pur sue a course conciliatory in its rharacrer, and at the same time to render her the most ample , y h September 24, 1843, from which we justicq by conventions am. stipulat,ons not .neon- j extract the salient passages : sistenf with tne riafirs and dignity of the gov- . 1 ® . , i eminent. It is actuated by no snirit of t.ninst ! ThM Andrews, to whom yo.tr London correspond States have a hi»h interest to counteruct ibis attempt, j ril r u A rj-,:* n , r . .... ml | , 1 f j ro tne t»y way of counteracting tiie designs impu ted to England ; and he would say, that if this inessurf were undertaken on any sucii grounds, it would t>e who!- should it be tnude. Next comes a letter from Mr. Murphy to Mr put pose o ... . peritidical. tofoniish theme on which the wn- . with the pursuits ot industry, for disturbing the utr mav descant ad lihktuu. without touching i labors ol Uie oouiumg-room. ot the factory, ot Congress shall make equal provision by grant! destined in time, of land elsewhere. Anditisalso further under- ; •« a magnitude which cannot easily be computed; j ly disregarded. It has ever been ready to urge i stood, that, hereafter, the books, papers, and do- j while the addition made to tlie boundaries of the 1 , t u adjustment of the dispute upon terms nm- ,. il. i ■ l ,,r| f Ot unjust i e m a || u( j P<j bufuie be visited Loudon, had rrsided wilh j tnin of the rlu re trade and ul slavt rv. as far as Uer ir.fla- t aggrandizement, but looks only to Its own seen- I , |U fam - l]v at Houston, in Texas, for some fuur or tiw e,,ce extended, and in every proper way. but bad no wish rity. It has made known lo Mexico, at several vpars _ w :, is a )awvPr in g„ od practice, and a man of to ,n t terfer « >" intetnai concerns of foreign Govern- periods, its exlieine anxiety to witness the ter- sume property in and about Houston, mutation ot hostilities between that country and 1 On tiis return, Uie citizens having found out the olt- ; Texas. Its vvisltes, however, have been entire- ; jenof his mission to London, and that he hm: Wen tlie merit*; of the work which he professes to l he workshop, of the field,4tttd o! the wide and review, and we are tints engaged in mere Sena- i open sea ? Is this a time lor change, toi such rortal pastime ; or if it be our graver purpose, j change as the adoption ol this bill would bring from these high seats which we occupy by the us ? Emphatically, is this a time, looking to r.ivnr of tutr constituents, to promulgate doctrines : lhe political state ot the country, to tire anotna- ot poiiiical economy, lo go to the American peo- , lous, enfeebled condiiton ol -its ,:dmiuistralive ple-nndet the sanction of our imprimatur, I ap- j power ? We have an Executive administration, “ltend in the first ease we shall not advance of which il was some lime since said-that its his- might fte written in parenthesis. Even j contents of the General Land Office of Texas, ' home market, thus secured to their mining, man I shall be deposited and kept at such place in Tex-! ufacturing and mechanical skill and industry. | as. as the Congress oftlie United States shall j will be of a character the most commanding and 1 direct. • important. I Art. Y r . The United Stdfes assume, and! Such are some of the many advantages which ; agree to pay, the public debt aud liabilities of j will accrue to the Eastern and Middle States, • Texas, however created, for which the faith or ■ by the ratification of the treaty—advantages, the ; credit of her Government may be bound at the > e.rtent ot which, it is impossible to estimate with tually advantageous to both. It will be ready at all times (ohearand discuss any claims Mex ico may think she has on the justice of the Uni ted States, and to adjust any that inay be deem- subject of abolition. I learn here that the plan proposed by this Andrews fo Lord Aberdeen, to which, undoubtedly,your corres* pre l. ourselves mjihe confidence of our constituents; ! ror >' time of ihe exchange of the ratifications of this treaty; which debts and liabilities, are estimated ed to lie so on the most liberal terms. There is | p,indent in London allude>, was this: that the aboli- t no desire on the part oftlie Executive to wound I ii„ n society of London should rais.n fund sufficient for i her pride, or affect injuriously her interest ; but i the purchase of all tlie slaves in Texas, and place it j at the same time, it cannot compromit by any i under the corcrol of the Government of Texas. werjt sent here ti* legislate for aud not u> indoc trinate them. Sir, i have great arid unfeigned respect for the Senate of the United States ; I appreciate very bighiv the privilege which I en- jov of such an association with the learning and intelligence which distinguish this assembly as :< seat in this chamber affords me; but I shoo Id viulaie my own sense of propriety, I should justly expose myself io your rebuke, I sltould assert what you would yourselves be prompt to on your Executive Journal: I nominate A. B. in the rvotu ■ of C. U. removed, with multiplied entries as the occasion may require. For the rest, it is in blank. Let us look to-oarselves.— Discordant counsels are prevailing in the halls of legislation. Honestly differing in opinion ou great and tending questions of public |xdicy, we can concert no great public measures in which those questions are involved. Tlie state of our foreign retations also should admonish us to being adapted to tlie culture ol cotton, sugar and not to exceed in the whole, ten millions of dol- j rice, and devoting most of her energies to the lars, to he ascertained and paid in the manner raising of these productions, will open an exten- hereinafter stated. I -uve market to the Western States, iu the im- The payment of the sum of three hundred and pwrtant articles of beel, pork, horses, mules, dev.., fifty thousand dollars shall be made at the Trea- ! as well as its breadstuff's. At the same time, the accuracy, or properly to appreciate. Texas j delay II) its action tbe essential interests of the 1 The Government of Texas w.-nfii giant land to the j help through her temporary embarrassments. United States. Mexico has no right to ask or expect this of us—we deal rightfully with Tex as as an independent power. The war which has been waged for eight years has resulted on ly in the conviction, with all others than herself. Abolition society, fully and nmpiv sufficient to secure j . But on mentioning the project to bis colleagues, tinty tlie society against all loss, ami be to lhe society a vast Gp ctned it wildly inexpedient, not did nc himself ,-en:i . fund, in addition to their advances, for the support of “ S* T * '^"tenatice; nor was the loan, as proposed their future operations, (in tlie United States of course ). The Biiristi Government entered warmlv into |he deny, and might be subjected to tlie imputation j caution. Looking to these, a prudent states- of offering an undeserved compliment to mask m«m, I think, would pacise before he would un tile satire which it tvas intended to convey, if ori settle a system ol revenue, under which, what- tiie great practical subject ofrthis debate, coming j ever may be its delects, -tlie country is obvious- home as it dees to the business atul to the bo- ! I.V advancing and prosperieg. stuns of an intelligent people. .1 were to affirm 1 ,Btu. agaiu. Is this a time, on the eve of a that the quantum of •information which exists j great struggle between the two political parties beyond the limits of this Ghantbei is not at least j which divideihe country ? They are separated equal to that which it encloses. No, sir, it is ; ou great principles, sincerely cherished and ar- not necessary that we should assume a power deirtly maintained by each. These cannot be with which the Constitution has not invested us. j yielded or compromised on the one side or on for ihe purpose of enlightening our constituents 1 the other, either on this or any other great ques- on this subject. | tion of public policy. The struggle which But il tlie alternative which I have suggested ; awaits us. (it will, I lfJist.be conducted.Lu a man- be true—if the discussion ou this bill, unproduc- | |y aitd liberal spirit, however -earnest it may be.) live and harmless as it must be in itself, do in- iin deciding which party shall predominate, will deed foreshadow events which it is iutended to j probably settle for a series of years the princi- accomplish before another moon has “ filled its pies on which thjs Government shall beadminis- sury of the United States, within ninety days after the exchange of the ratifications of this treaty, as follows ; Two hundred and fifty thou sand dollars to Frederick Dawson, of Baltimore, ’ or his executors, on the dHivery of that amount of ten per cent bonds of Texas; -and one hundred thousand dollars, if so much be required, in the Southern and Southwestern States will find in the fact ofaneexation, protection and securiiy to their peace and tranquility, as well against all domestic, as foreign efforts to disturb them ; thus consecrating anew the Union of the Slates, and holding eut the {iromise of its perpetual duration. Thus, at-the same time that the tide of pub- oy Geii. Hamilton, and al tir&t iavt»roi>iv vivweii by lux. I self, ill the slightest degree connected with tap abolition of slavery as a condition nr cmiseuuence. ■ ■ ■ ■ W In tne course of the last summer he bad been waited tliat i exas cannot oe reconquered. 1 cannot , to lextis, if Jexus would allow her agent or cotmni*- 1 upon, as be supposed T was aware at the time, by » d«- bltf repeat the opinion, expressed in my tnes- aioner, for that purpose appointed, to select the luiids ’ ‘nation r f American abolitionists, who were desirous if sage at the opening of Congress, that it is time nnd ad judge tlie quantity. And if there was the least 1 engaging the Britun Government in some such measnr*. it had ceased. The Executives while it could , delay in the payment of the money after tlie regular ; ( viz : oi a !° an . connected with the aholruon of slavrry not look upon its longer continuance without l [ !t " sftr of the i“ luJs > England would pay interest du- ! tun that he had given them nn coamenanee whatever ; he horns,” then, sir, we are striking a chord which will vibrate throughout the Union, and affect injuriously the industrial pursuits of all classes ot the community. Mr. President, it is not the least among the evil tendencies of this discussion, unprofitable a9 it is, and leading, as we have seen, to no prac tical lesolt, that it is calculated, by the sugges tion of imaginary, or the real diversities of inter est, made in the heat and excitement of debate, to revive those sectional feelings, which,ina mo ment of excitement, have heretofore menaced the safety of the Union. I do not occupy your time by -.my detail of the occurrences of that un happy and alarming crisis, for they were too deeu- |y impressed upon the memory of those who were cotemporary with them not to be easily recalled to our recollection. They have beeo tirought forcibly to mind by the recent perusal of a letter written by one cf the distinguished ac tors in that controversy, aod in no spirit of vain glorious boasting, for of that he is incapable.— With a well dressed compliment to the gallant soldier who commanded the forces of the gov ernment on tjiat trying occasion, lie announced the readiness of the volunteers, under his com mand, on any day, Sundays excepted, to give bat tle to General Jackson’s regulars, if that was to have decided the issue. And be addg, in a spirit which was worthy of him, and with an ob vious leeling of abhorrence for such a result: tered. Victors or vanquished, it will behoove all of ns to bow to the decision of the Ameri can people. But until then no great question on which the two parties divide can be settled on a permanent basis. This is especially true of a 1 tariff of duties, which is to furnish revenue to the Government, while it affects all the pursuits of industry of its citizens. Such a 'btll, in the present state of parties in the National Legisla ture, cannot become a law, unless both parties should yield wbat the victor in the approaching contest would feel bound to reclaim in the first moments of his success. No system of revenue which is adopted now, can, therefore, be stable. It wilt not truly represent the opinions of either party, and will not-endure beyond the first ses- sion-of the next Administration, whichever may prevail, ds it wise, then, to disturb the existing revenue law by substituting for it a hill thus im perfectly framed, and doomed to an existence so transient and fleeting ? I was struck, sir, by the harmony which pre vailed between tny own and the views of the Senator from Missouri on this point. He does not think the Senate has constitionaf power to originate this bill. He does uot think the pres ent a fit occasion for tbe exercise *! that power if we possessed it; but still he is in favor of discussion,” even though it be os a bill which we have do right to originate, and which, ex con- cestis. can lead to no practical result. I con- redemption of the exchequer bills which may be ■ lie prosperity is greatly swollen, an appeal of in circulation at the time of the exchange of the what ap|>e.-.i* to tbe Executive to be of an itn- ratifications of this treaty. Fort-he payment of posing, il not of a resistless character, is made the remainder of the debts and liabilities of Tex- to the interests of every portion of the country, as. which, together with the amount already ‘ Agriculture, which would have a new and exten- specified. shall not exceed ten millionsof dollars, sive market opened for its produce ; commerce, the public lands herein ceded, and the nett whose ships wuHld be freighted with the rich revenue from the same, are hereby pledged. productions of an extensive aud fertile region; the greatest uneasiness, has nevertheless, for all past time, preserved a course of strict neutrality. It could not be ignorant of the fact of the exhaus tion which a war of so long a duration had pro duced. Least of all was it ignorant of the anxie- ringthe delay. had inturmed them that, by every pro&er means otaffiu- Tliis version of the ridiculous transaction played off I encoura ? e tlie abolition ot slaver., ac. in London, as understood here by several intelligent i interevt itaelf in'rhe'mot l e ? ,)Ternu:el ‘ il,i i l interest uselt in the matter : but he told them at tu* or- clizens who had converse.! w.lh Andrews on the sub- SPt>tiiat be *houldconsider iumselfbouad in good fcithw repeat every thing that tai^ut pass between them t^thc jeer, alter his return, may serve to dlustiale the mean ing of your London correspondent ill that part of bis ty of other powers to induce Mexico to entet in- j statement of Andrews’ proposition which would seem • to treat the money, by the abo.ilinn society to be ad- am-ed, as a loan. But the negotiation now on foot between Texas and Mexico, through the mediation or rather under ttie to terms of reconciliation with Texas, which af fecting the domestic institutions of Texas, would operate most injuriously upon the United States, I | Texian charge d’affaires. Next from the same to tbe same,.eou-muiiit-a- j ting the result of his correspondence with the | Texan charge—naiotporiant. Mr. Smith did not feel authorized to give Mr. Everett copies aud might most seriously threaten the existence * ■ • . . , ■ , i „r u ; , v , , , si„ .d, f . W - - - — - -- control ot Great Britain, has changed entirely the . 01 Ills correspondence wah Lord Aberdeen, bet Art. VI. In order to ascertain the fufl amount! Rod the mechanical arts, in all their various Nor could it be unac- of thedebtsand liabilities herein assumed, and the ramifications, would seem lo unite in one uni- legality and validity thereof, lour rominissionets , versal demand for the ratification of the treaty, shall be appointed by the President of the Uni- But important as these considerations mayap- ted States, by and with the advice aud consent pear, they are to be regarded as but secondary to of the Senate, who shall meet at Washington, I others. Texas, for reasons deemed sufficient by Texas, within the period of six months after the j herself, threw off her dependence on Mexico, as exchange of the ratifications of this treaty, and j l»r back as 1836, and consummated her indepen- inay continue in session not exceeding twelve dence by the battle of San Jacinto, in.the same months, unless the Congress of the United States should prolong the time. They shall take an oath for the faithful discharge of their duties, and that they are not directly or indirect ly interested in said claims at the time, and will not be during their continuance in office; and the said oath shall be recorded with their pro ceedings. In case of the death, sickness, or resignation of any of the commissioners, his or their place or places may be supplied by the ap pointment as aforesaid, or by the President iff the United States, during the recess of the Senate. They, ora majority of them, shall be authorized, under such regulations as the Congress of the United States inay prescribe, to hear, examine and decide on all questions touching the legality and validity of said claims, and shall, when a claim is allowed, issue a certificate to the claim ant, stating the amount, distinguishing principal from interest. The certificates so issued shall be numbered, and entry made of the number, the name of the person to whom issued, and the a- mount, in a book to be kept for that purpose.— They shall transmit the records of their proceed ings and the book in which the certificates are entered, with the vouchers and document's pro duced before them, relative to the claims allowed or rejected, to the Treasury Department of tbe United States to be deposited theteic; and the Secretary of the Treasury shall, as soon as prac ticable after tbe receipt of the same, ascertain the aggregate amount of the debts and liabilities year; since which period, Mexico has attempt ed no serious iuvasiou of her territory ; but the contest has assumed features of a mere border war, characterised by acts revolting to humani ty. In theyear 1836 Texas adopted her consti tution, under which she has existed as a sove reign power ever since, having been recognised as such by many of the principal powers of tbe world ; aud contemporaneously with its adop tion by a solemn vote of her people, embracing all her population but ninety-three persons, de clared her anxious desire to be admitted into as sociation with tbe United States, as a portion of their territory. This votethus solemnly taken, has never heeu reversed ; aud now, by the action of her constituted authorities, sustained as it is by popular sentiment, she re-affirms her desire for annexation. This course has been adopted by her, without the employment of any sinister measures on tbe part of this government. No intrigue has been set on foot to aeenmpltsh it.— Texas herself wills it, and the Executive of the United States, concurring with her, has seen no sufficient reason to avoid tbe consumation of an act esteemed to be so desirable by both. It can not be denied, that Texas is greatly depressed in her energies by her long protracted war with Mexico. Under these circumstances, it is but natural that she should seek for safety and re- , of this happy Union. , re U.™- l„. ho|e character of affair., :,nd demands the must j quamted with tlie lact, lliat although foreign l prompt and energetic acri»>n of rhe Government of ihe ; governments might disavow all design to disturb ; United States * * * * * * the relations which exist under the Constitution j Mr . M , does ‘ ol sav wbat this » negotl:1 . between these States, yet that one the most pow- | , |onig . Xl ' ye3l of lllls ’ | eUer is fl „ ed " with | erfnl amongst them, had not failed to declare us , ur g Cnt advice to the United States to lake an ; marked and decided hostility to the ch.ei f«- 1 “immediate quick step” for the safety of the tures in those relations, and us purpose, on all be , oved .. doil 7 eBllc ms! j tution » suttabffi occasions, to urge upon Mexico the ■ T „ the saine effect i8 3nother Ie|ter from Mr . I adopt.on ol such a course m negotiating *nh , Murphv , daied September 23. Texas as to produce the obi,terat,on of that fea- | N ‘ x{ „ |e „ er fro ‘ m Mr y hnr f0 rv Tr . Mnr . ture from her domestic policy, as one of the i . , . . , .. ... ■?* - . pity, urging him to keep up frequent ana fre** er; and it is equally so that her people should turn to the United States, the land of their birth, conditions of her recognition by Mexico, as an independent State. The Executive was also aware of the fact, that formidable associations of persons, the subjects of foreign powers, exist ed, who were directing their utmost efforts to the accomplishment of this object. To these conclusions it was inevitably brought by the documents now submitted to the Senate. I re peat, the Executive saw Texas in a state of al most hopeless exhaustion, and the question was narrowed down to the simple proposition, wheth er the Uniied States should accept the boon of annexation on fair and liberal terms, or, by re fusing to do so, force Texas to seek a refuge in the arms of some other power, either through a territory of alliance, offensive and defensive^ or the adoption of some other expedient, which might virtually make her tributary to such pow er, and dependent upon it for all future time.— The Executive has full reason to believe that such would have been the result, without ils in terposition, and that such will be the re sult, in (he event either of unnecessary delay in tbe ratification, or of the rejection of the propo sed treaty. In full view then of the highest public duty, and as a measure of security agaiust evils ioeal- communications with Mr. Thompson, U. S. Minister to Mexico. Then follows a letter from Mr. Upshur to Mr. Murphy, of September 22, from which we take the following: Y'ou will learn from my last public despatch, fur- warded by Mr. Abell, tbe apprehensions felt by this would send them to Mr \ an 2atidr. Next are extracts from three letters, Mr. tp- shur to Mr. Mtirpbv, all expatiating on the benefits Texas wu«4d derive fiom annexation. ; and literally begging l>*c it ov beb:Uf ot the j United States. j Next a letter from Ms. Pnkenbara to ?4r- Up- I sbur. February 26, 1344, covering one front j Lord Aberdeen, being a lull and explicit nega- ! tion of all 'be projects imputed to Great Britain I —an amplification, iu fact, of the remarks made J by Lord Aberecen to Mr. Everett. Next is » long letter from Mr. Calhoun to } Mr. I’akenhaaj, commenting upon tbe avowed desire of Great Britain to see slavery abolished all overtha world, and her intention to use all lawful and honorable means to attain that ob ject—landing the “domestic institution”—and aoriouneiag the conclusion of the treaty of an Government in regard to the policy and measures of 1 nexation, as the means adopted by the United England in tbe Gulf of Mexico. She claims to have, at this moment, a controlling influence there, and her statesmen in Parliament speak openly of tbe necessity of “ maintaining her ascendancy.” It is not possible to misunderstand her. So far as this Government is concerned, it has every desire to come to the aid of Texas in the most prompt and effectual manner. How far we shall be supported by tlie people. I re gret to say, is somewhat doubtful. There is no reason to fear that there will be any difference of opinion among the people of the siavehoiding Stales, and there is a large number in the iiun-slnvekolding States, with views sufficiently liberal to embrace a policy absolutely j States to. counteract the anti-slavery desires and ! designs of Great Britain. And ot last, a despatch-from Mr Calhoun w ! Mr. Green (who Mr. Green is we do nor know ; announcing the conclusion of the treaty to I * ,e | Mexican tJovernment, and assigning the reason- j therefor—ro wit, fears of the machinations o 1 I Great B-ritiao. We make-from this letter only | the following extract: | You are enjoined also, by the President-,, to assure ua* I Mexican Government that i> is his desire la settle ac questions between the two countries which aia y ? r0 ?[ necessary to the salvation of tbe South, although ill i out of this- treaty or any other cau*e. ou the most libcra- pose under the protection of some sttouger pow-, culably great, the Executive has entered into the negotiation, the fruits of which are now sub- milted to the Scuffle. Independent of the ur- some respects objectionable to themselves. Tbe North would find in it a new or at least an en larged market for their manufactures, a cheapening of cotton, the principal raw material, a new field fortheir commerce, acd a considerable extension of their navi gating inteiests. Of this, I have every reason to hope they will soon be convinced ; no effort will be spared to lay the truth before them. If it should be successful, the destinies of Texas will and satisfactory terms including that ol boundary. ^ e | witli that view the inini.-ter who lias been recently J ? pointed wiK.be shortly sent with adequate powers. Dr. Franklin recommends a young man in tbe chow of a wife In se lect her from a bunch, giving as bn re»^ son that when these an* many daughters, they imp each other, anrf frogs emulation acquire more ac; id know more and do mote then a >,n » plishmerx and child spoiled by paternal fpridre- Lord Brougham bad spoken of the abrlition i.rsiavsn- io the United States as a necessary and prominent tod sequence of the abolitiou of it in Texas, smi Lord Aber- deer, assures him that every effort on the part of Hr- Majesty’s Government would lead to that result which was contemplated by his noble friend. Tt is quite dear that the abolition of slavery in tlie United States was the •nnst important *' result” contemplated by Lotd Brooch- am; and it is not unreasonable to suppose that it was the most prominent in the mind of Lord Aberdeen. • president would be reluctant to believe that anr , design unfriendly to this country, or aiming at the insf. rations of any of the States of our Union, enters into the ( pohey °! England. He cannot, however, look withic- j diffeience upon such declarations as these, made by her j ^ a,im g statesmen, and with the full authority of her I Government. He attael.es the more importance to these j declarations, because they are perfectly consistent with | information received from other sources, all lending to | the conclusion thatthe policy of England, in regard to the j abolitiou tl negro slavery, is not limited to Texas aione. ! l ’'*5 nllons anr ‘ measures of the British Government wait i reference to African slavery on this side the Atlantic.— Ourown policy will necessarily be affected by her’s. . . The object of this government is to discover whether it is or is not the design of England to procure the abeli- tion ot negro slavery in Texas ; whether it is or is not contemplated in her policy to destroy or affect that insti- 1 ration as it exists in some of the States of our Union, of abolition societies. All these sources ofinfnrroation, however, are only of a secondary and auxilary character. The circumstances ol tbe case justify and require a direct application to Lord Aberdeen himself. Another letter from the s;ime to the same- confidential’—presents the same views mure at large aud with increased urgency, and argnes vety learnedly in praise ol the “ domestic insti tution.” N**xt from Mr. Upshur to .Mr. Van Zandt pro posing to often negotiations for a treaty of an nexation. Date, October 19,1843. Mr. Everett’s reply to Mr. Upshur’s first letter. Date. November 3. 1843. We extract ihe following : I had an interview with Lord Aberdeen tbe first day of bis return to town, having requested it while he was vet in tiiec ountrv. Lord Aberdeen said he was glad I bad men ioned this j subject, for it was one on winch De intended himself to - make some observations. j His attention bad been called to some suggestions in the American papers in favor ot the aimexa-.iou of Texas *y without a provocation. England had acknowledged the independence of Texas, and had treated 3iid would continue to treat her as an independent power. That England had long been pledged to encourage tbe aboli- she gave her advice where she thought it would be ac ceptable iu fa-or ot the abolition of slavery, but lioiUmg , more. In reference to Texas, tbe suggestion that Eng- making propositions to the British Government lor tlie and had made or intened to make lhe abolition of slave- abolition ol slavery in Texas, drove him, by force, from ! ry the condition of any treaty arrangement with her was tbe State, denying him the privilege of return. ; wholly without foundation. It had never been llluded Such is the temper and mind of the people, on the 1 to * n that connection. General Hamilton, as commissioner f.-om Texas, fead | proposed tiiat England should make or guaranty a iuaa j tU 8exas to be used to aid her in obtaining from Mexico j the recognition ot her independence and in other waysto J promote the dtvelopemeut of her resources . aud he tun- • self (Lord Aberdeen) had a: first thought somewhat fa vorable ot the proposition, considering Texas as a fis* promising country, which it would be good policy to