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MILLEDGEVILLE, GEORGIA, TUESDAY, APRIL 1, 1856.
NUMBER 14.
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OUT CALENDAB
FOR 1S§6 .Y D57.
|S(;!) j,v the southern recorder. „
Superior
Courts.
JAftYAIiY.
AUGUST.
.•i,Lv, l hatliam
1st. Monday, Floyd
i’illiUl’AUY.
Lumpkin
omiav, rUrk
‘ Floyd
id Monday, Clark
Jd Monday, Forsyth
Lumpkin*
Hancock
■iiiav, I’.Jlli* J
Meriwether
' ikidm-k
Walton
Meriwether ;
4th Monday,Baldwin
Walton
Heard
Baldwin
Jackson
' t
Monroe
,1-u-kson
Pickens
Monroe ,
Taliaferro
| * j • • U 1 * 11 5 * 1
SEPTEMBER.
ToiiatViro 1
1 st Monday, Chattooga
MARCil. j
Cherokee
U'iavA’iiattoojja 1
Coweta
Cliaiokee *
Coutifil j
Crawford
Madison
Crawford
Marian
>!;tdi>01i
Morgan -
Manuu
Tyrrell
Muv&vin
2d Monday, Cass
Terrell
Columbia
Libert
F"i.iinl>ia t
Greene
Kidcrt
Gwinnett
(iiV'jne
Slimier
Gwinnett
T wiggs
Sumter
3d Monday, Cobb
Twin's
Early
By ) v,
Fayette
■ ■ Montgomery
.by, Cobb
E.'.riv
Hall
Hart
Macon
Fuvette f
Newton
Putnam
1! art
4 Talbot
Macon
Washington
1st w ton
4tli Monday,Campbell
lY.tnain
Clay
Gordon
Tattnall
Lee
Washington!
W ilkes
'after, Buiioeli
OCTOBER.
ip jq y ( 1 ;iinpl•<')|
1st Monday,Carroll
Cl.TV
Di^oly
Effingham
Emanuel
Gordon
Euiton
M urray
Wilkes
Paulding
.anEv, Charlton
Taylor
Al’klL.
Warren
ui.ir,Camden
' Carroll
, Webster
Wilkinson
!)■'.>! v
Tuesday after, Pike
Lmaimel *
W.-diiesday “ Rabun
Fulton
_M Monday, Habersham
♦ -Murray
H mis
ICiuklinjr*
Laurens
Bike
Whitfield
llahun j]
3d Monday, Frankiin
T.i .lor
Haralson
Warren
Henry
Webster
Jones
Wilkinson
after,•Wavue
Oglethorpe
Pulaski
■lay, Given
Richmond
Habersham
Stewart
Harris
Worth
Laurens
Whitlield
Thursday ) AIoutgomely
alter, < c
iu 1 . r, M'Intosli 4th Monday,Catoosa
uuay, i- ranklin
Decatur
11 arahson
DeKnlb
Henry
Jones’
Houston
Irwin
Liberty
Jasper
1 Jjrethorpe
Lincoln
Pulaski
-Polk
liichmond f
Scriven
‘Sr-v.vart
Tattnall
Worth
Towns
day after, Bryan
Thursday after, Telfair
>ndav, Catoosa
Friday after, Bulloch
Becatnr
Monday after, Effingham
DeKalb
do do .Appling
Houston
Monday af ; ) Coffee
Irwin
ter Appling S
Jasper
NOYE.MBER.
Lincoln
list Monday,Berrien
Polk
Gilmer
1 owns
day afte», Telfi...
■ Appling 1
S ter ! Coffee
may
M uscogoe
Randolph
Upson
\\ hi Kor
■2d Monday, Baker
Bibb
Dad,
THE Pi.OffHIA?.
T car ing up the stubborn soil;
Trudging, drudging, toiling, moiling,
Hands and feet and garments soipng;
Who would grudge the plowman’s toil ?
Yet there’s lustre in his eye,
B Arrowed from yon gloom!v sky •
And there’s meaning in hi s glances
1 hat bespeak no dreamer’s fancies ;
For his mind has precious lore,
Cleaned from nature’s sacred store.
Toiling up yon weary hill
-He has worked since early morning,
L ise an 1 rest and pleasure scorning,
And he's at his labor stiil;
1 hough the slanting western beam,
Oui\ eriiig oh the glassy stream.
And you old elm’s lengthened shadow,
i lung athwart the verdant meadow,
r I ell that shadowy twilight gray,
Cannot now be faraway.
8ee ! he stops ami wipes his brow ;
Marks the rapid sun’s descending ;
Marks his shadow far extending;
Deems it time to quit the plotv,
V/eary man and weary steed
Welcome food and respite nted ;
’fi.< the hour when bird and bee
Seek repose ; and why not he ?
Nature loves the twilight best,
Let the toil-worn plowman rest.'
Ye, who nursed upon the breast
Of ease and pleasure enervating,
Ever new delight creating,
Which not long retain their zest;
Ere upon y our taste they pall,
AY hat avail your pleasures all ?
In his hard but pleasant labor,
He, your useful, heathful neighbor,
Find enjoyment, real true ;
Vainly sought by such as you.
Nature’s open volume lies,
. Richly tinted, brightly beaming,
With its various lessons teeming,
Ali outspread before his eyes,
Dewy glades and Opening flowers,
Emerald meadows, vestal bowers,
JSiin and shade, and bird and bee,
Fount and forest, hill and lea;
All things beautiful and fair,
His benignant teachers are.
Tearing up the stubborn soil;
Trudging, drudging, toiling, moiling :
Hands and feet and garments soiling ;
AVho would grudge the plowman’s toil !
Y’et : tis health and wealth to him, .
Strength of nerve, and strength of limb
Light and fervor in his glances,
Life and beauty in his fancies ;
Learned and happy, brave and free,
AVho so proud and blessed as he?
[ United States Magazine.
'today, Berrien
Fannin
Gilmer*
3d Monday, Spalding
Muscogee
Troup
Randolph
Union
1 psou
ltli Monday,Burke
, Y\ alker
Calhoun 1
“■Way, Baker
Cliuitahnochee
Bibb
Thursday after. McIntosh
Chatham
Monday after, 1 >mghertv
Dade
do do Liberty
, lannin*
Last Monday, Charlton
Quay,Raiding
do do Colquitt
Mon. after Libertv, Brvan
Union*
DECEMBER.
u »day, Burke
1st Monday, Butts
l -’allioun
Camden
Ocatahonehee
Thomas
■, :r, Dougherty
Friday niter, Wayne
i; jjW- Colquitt
id Monday, Glynn
•J c X E
Butts
Jefferson
3d Monday, Lowndes
Thomas
•ndqv i ti*
4t,li Monday, Clinch
A. Jefferson
Miller
;S'p"' v " des
Monday after, \\inre
“toGWiirich
Miller
after, Ware
s ;. tak ? effect after 1st June, lfi.'.fv
t0 he held 1st Monday in May, ’56.
T„ .'j' ,,ect after Spring Term in 1856.
effect after 1st May. 1856.
F 1 ARLES J. HARRIS,
AT LAW,
MILLEDGEVILLE, GEORGIA.
Beiaber 18,1,-55
From the Soil of the South.
Palliation Wurli for March.
The chief employment during this month
is preparing land for the cotton crops, and
upon the thoroughness with which this is
done, in a great measure, depends the suc
cess of the crop itself. Surface culture is
about the only, culture which this crop
needs or should receive, and if the land
lias not been properly prepared, the crop
must either suffer from such neglect, or be
injured by the attempt to repair the conse
quences of such neglect by subsequent cul
tivation. Where the soil has been proper
ly prepared, we consider the only purpose
to he accomplished in the cultivation of
cotton, is to keep it clean of grass and
weeds. . The mode of preparing land for
cotton, varies with the circumstances of the
soil, and that we may correctly modify the
preparations to suit the circumstances of
the soil, it is necessary that we understand
the nature of the plant and the laws which
govern its growth.
To ensure a good crop of cotton, we must
in the first place secure a sufficient number
ol stalks noon the acne ; in other words, the
stand must be good ; and in the. next place
the stalks must have sufficient size. There
are other conditions, of course, which must
he met to make a good cotton crop but
these two may be considered pre-requisites,
and we mention them now, because they
are essentially dependent upon the prepar
ation of the soil before the crop is planted.
I11 order to secure a good stand of cotton,
it is necessary, in the first place, that the
earth in which the seed are deposited
should be thoroughly pulverized, that they
may certainly germinate, and after ger
mination, that they may readily take root
and find support from the soil, and it is
necessary in the second place, that the
young plants, when they come up, should
be on a somewhat elevated ridge, other
wise thev will be destroyed and the stand
consequently injured, at the first working.
To'secure a good size to the stalk, it is nec
essary, in the first place, that the soil be
neath the stalk should he well broken,
that the tap root (which is the main feed
er of the stalk) may easily penetrate the
earth, and in the next place, a dry soil, or
at least one drained of its excessive water,
is an indispensable condition of fine growth
in cotton. Now, the question is, how are
these conditions to be met, in preparing the
land l If the soil intended for this crop is
light, porous and dry, of course there will
not be the same necessit y for u,eep plowing
and high beds, as if' the land were flat and
hard. In preparing such lands therefore,
the row may be laid off with a small
scooter, merely as a guide furrow, and on
this the earth may be thrown from each
side with a turn plow, giving the ridge
simply elevation sufficient to facilitate the
first working. Where the land is hard,
and inclined to hold water, the opening
furrow should be as deep as possible, and
it would be improved by following in the
same furrow with a coulter. "YY e would al
so run the first furrow on each side of this,
with a long scooter or coulter, and then
finish out the beds with a large winged
turn plow. If the plow did not make a
sufficient bed, or il the land had broken up
into large clods, follow with the hoes,
crushing the clods and. raking up the beds.
We prefer that the beds for cotton
should not be entirely thrown out at the
first plowing, leav ing the two middle fui-
rows to be plowed out just before the crop
is planted. These furrows will nearly cov
er the beds with fresh earth, and when the
cotton is planted, the furrow opened for the
seed and the board used in covering, will
scrape the top ot the bed, so that the en
tire surface is flesh and clean.
The distance at which cotton rows
should be laid off, depends entirely upon
the quality ot the soil, if thin, just i\ide
enough to admit the plow and horse be
tween the rows; il rich, from four to five
38 1y 1 feet apart. We believe that the cotton
field should be crowded to its utmost ca
pacity, and we think the measure of its ca
pacity is 'just that number of stalks which
will completely cover every part of the
surface ot the earth with their branches,
when the crqp is matured. With this rule
before him, the planter must graduate his
rows by tIic size to which lie thinks his
cotton stalks will grow.
I11 manuring cotton we prefer putting it
in the drill, rather than broad casting it.—
Such a system of manuring may not be
nefit the land as long, but we think it
will benefit it as murk. In other words
the effects of the manuring may not last
through as many crops, but it will add just
as much to the production of the land.—
We speak now of manuring cotton, for we
conceive that there is a difference in the'
principles which control the operation of
manures upon cotton, and corn, for in
stance. It is very material in the cotton
crop that we should have a fine sized stalk,
whereas it is a matter of little consequence
to a corn crop. In the latter, the object of
themanure is almost exclusively to increase
the growth of the grain ; in the former, it
has a double object to increase the stalk,
<*id to multiply the fruit. Manures ap
plied broad cast, we have no doubt effects
the late erop more than when applied in
the drill; but on the other hand we think
the drill manuring secures a larger yield of
the forward crop, and our observation
teaches us that it is the heavy early crop,
which makes the largest yield per acre.—
Our plan of manuring is, to lay off the
guide.furrow with a scooter, and follow in
this with a wide round shovel which opens
a good trench into which the manure is,
strown, and then bedded on.
By the way, we are reminded, in this
connection, of a discussion which we heard
lately, among a number of planters, as to
the proper quantity of cotton seed for ma
nuring cotton. The estimates varied from
25 to 75 bushels per acre. YY r c should be
glad to have an expression of opinion on
t ii is point from our planting friends, in tune
for the April number. We have generally
applied about 35 bushels per acre.
During the latter half of this month, corn
generally receives its first working. The
mode of this working should depend upon
the manner in which the lands-lias been
prepared and planted. The entire surface
should be closely and thoroughly broken,
and if this has not been done either immedi
ately preceding, or at the time of planting,
it should be done now. This working must
also depend upon the character of the soil.
If it tenacious, inclined to pack, run to
gether or get hard, it may he necessary to
give it a thorough breaking at this working,
oven though it was well plowed at the
time of planting; otherwise, the baulks will
get so hard by the next plowing that it
will be difficult to break them. Il the land
is light, however, and has been previously
well plowed, the only purpose for which
the middles need be plowed, is to keep
them clean. Next to the corn, there
should be at least one good deep furrow,
even though the land be light. Deep plow
ing, close to the corn at this stage of the
crop, serves the purpose of causing the
corn roots to strike deeper into the earth,
where they are more favorably circumstan
ced fdr sustaining the corn in a drought,
and are also better protected from the plow
at subsequent workings.
The Farm and Garden—Laying out
Surfaces.—To lay out an acre in a circle.
First fix a center, and with a rope as a ra
dius, seven rods three links three-eights
long, one end attached to the center and
kept uniformly stretched*, the sweep of
it at the other end will lay out the acre.
For one quarter of an acre a rope
three rods and fourteen links will be the
right length. 0
For one-eighth of an acre a rope two
rods and thirteen links will be long enough.
Trio ogles.— If you wish a triangle to
contain just an aer«, make each side nine
teen rods, five and a half links long.
A triangle whose sides are ea'ch six rods
and twenty links each, will contain one-
eighth of an acre
To. lay out an ellipsis or oval-—Set .three
stakes in a triangular position—around
these stretch a rope. Take away the
stake at the apex of the triangle, which
will be where the side of the oval is to come;
move the stake along against the rope,
keeping it tight, and it will trace out the
oval.
A square to contain an acre, or just one
hundred and sixty rods, should have each
of its sides just twelve rods, tea leet and
seven tenths long.
To draw an oval of a given size—The
long and short diameter being given—STty
20 feet for the shorter, and one hundred
for the longer—divide the short diameter
into any number of equal parts, say ten.
and from each point draw a line parallel
to the diameter, into the same numbei of
equal parts, (ten) and froui.eacli point to a
point where each corresponding link cuts
the other, on the outside, and this connect
ing mark* will describe the oval or ellipsis
required.
Asriculturul Truths.
The following statements will be found
correct as to soils long under cultivation :
1. All land on which clover or the gras
ses are grown, must either have lime in
them naturally, or that mineral must he
artificially supplied. It matters but little
whether if be supplied in the form of stone
lime, oyster lime or marl.
2. All permanent improvements of lands
must look to lime as its basis.
3. Lands which have long been in cul
ture, will be benefitted by the application
o! phosphate of lime, and it is unimportant
whether -the deficiency be supplied in the
form of bone-dust, guano, native phosphate
of lime, composts of flesh, ashes or that of
ovster shell lime—or maid—if the lands
need lime alur.e.
4. No lands can he preserved in a high
state of fertility, unless clover and the
grasses are cultivated in the course of ro
tation.
5. Mould is indispensable in every soil,
and a healthy supply.can alone be preser
ved through, the cultivation of clover, and
the grasses, the turning in of green crops,
or by the application of composts rich in
in the elements of the mould.
6. All highly concentrated animal man
ures are increased in value, and their ben
efits prolonged by admixture with plaster,
salt, or with pulverized charcoal.
7. Deep plowing greatly improves the
productive powers of every variety of soil
that is not wet.
8. Subsoiling sound land, that is, land
that is not wet. is also eminently conduc
ive to increased production.
9. All wet land should be drained.
10. All grain crops should be harvested
before the grain is thoroughly ripe.
11. Clover, as well as the grasses in
tended for hay, should be mowed when in
bloom.
12. Sandy lands can be most effectual
ly improved by clay. When such lands
require liming or marling, the liine or marl
is most beneficially applied whan made in
to compost with clay. In slacking lime,
salt brine is better than water.
L3. The chopping, or grinding of grain
to be fed to stock, operates as a saving of at
least twenty-five per cent.
14. Draining of wet lands and marshes
adds to their value, by making them to
produce more, and by improving the
health of neighborhoods.
L5. To mnnuie, or lime wet lands, is to
throw manure, liine and labor away.
16. Shallow plowing operates to impov
erish the soil, while it decreases produc
tion.
17. By stabling and shedding stock
through the winter, a saving of one-fourth
the food may be effected ; that is, one-
fourth less food will answer, than when the
stock may be exposed to the inclemencies
of the weather.
A Visit la Nicurarua.
A letter just published at New York,
from the pen of a Connecticut farmer,
gives a description of a visit of observation
to Nicaragua. The writer appends bis
name to his communication, and vouches
for the unprejudiced nature of his views,
which are greatly in contrast with some of
the annouymous statements received from
the same quarter. We copy the material
portion of what he says of the country and
ol the inducements for emigration to it:
New-York, March 14, 1S5G.— * # *
“We arrived at last at the city of Gra
nada, and met a sentinel of Walker’s army,
who told us to hurry up or we would get
into the guard house. Having letters of
introduction to the American Consul, I
proceeded to his residence, and, without
stopping to present them, I asked him if
he knew where we could procure lodgings,
lie very kindly sent a servant with us,
and, after an hour’s search, we were offer
ed the privilege of swinging a hammock in J
the court of one of the houses. Having 110
hammocks, our next effort was to secure
them, and after a long search we succeed
ed in buying a couple at §2 eacli. YY’e re
turned, tied them up, got into them, and
passed the remainder of the night in gaz
ing at the stars and fighting the rnusqui-
toes. We learned the next morning that
Yve were fortunate in securing as good ac
commodations as we did, as many of our
companions had slept in the Government
barracks, and some on benehes about the
Plaza. Mr. Squires, a carpenter, one of
the passengers who bad gone on with his
family, succeeded in getting a house, and
during the remainder of my stay there
myself and Squires’ friend, a Mr.. Jackson,
of Sharon, Connecticut, a faruler, remain
ed with them, and we were supplied with
the best living which the country afforded.
YY’e still contitmed, however, to sleep in
hammocks, which we hung high to avoid
the lizards which abound there. My next
two weeks were occupied in looking about
the country in the vicinity. My opportu
nities for observation were abundant, and J
will now proceed to state succinctly the
fxict.4 uf importance which I desire to com
municate.
“First, 1 propose to show the induce
ments for fanners to emigrate to the land
which hasJbeen called the ‘garden of the
world.’ The offer of from 250 to 300 acres
of land as a free gift is held out to the wor
thy farmer ; and on the Norther Light go
ing out I found eight farmers on board
who had been lured from their homes in the
United States by the golden promises held
•out by Nicaragua. Mr. Jackson, who with
myself boarded with Mr. Squires, had sold
his farm in Connecticut to emigrate, got
discouraged, was taken sick, and died in
three days. Four of the others went out
from Granada with other parties to exam
ine the country, and were gone over three
days. They hired mules and went to Mes
siah. Two of the number were»takcu sick
with the fever before their return and died.
The other two returned to Granada, where
one died with the fever three days after.
The remaining three left determined to get
out of the country as soon as possible. An
other party of tanners, some from Califor
nia, went down to examine a region of
country said to be very fertile, situated be
tween Rivans and Virgin Bay. Two of
the parties were taken sick with the fever
while absent, an i the others returned to
Granada and filed their claims to the land
to commence operations. But while at
Virgin Bay, on my* way home, I saw one
these gentlemen and talked with him. He
was very low with fever himself, and be
yond the hopes of recovery. He told me
that soon after returning to commence
working their claims they were taken down
with the fever, and when he left his loca
tion four of the number were lying there too
sick to be removed. I learned from a Gov
ernment officer that these claims were the
first, which bad been filed for farms since
Walker’s Government had been establish
ed, and that up to that time not a spade has
been stuckjinto the ground, on Government
land, by an American.
“ As regards the fertility of the soil,
some parts of the State are very fruitful;
but I do not think an American can make
a living on any amount of land. From all
that I can judge the Government land for
agricultural purposes is worthless. I be
lieve that the labor required to clear up suf
ficient land of the underbush to enable a
person to live from it, (if lie could live from
any amount of land,) if that labor were ap
plied to five acresof land in rendering it fer
tile and devoting it to gardening purposes
and fruit near here, would make a man in
dependent. I think a person is far better
off who is working on a farm at fifty cents
a day and his board thau he would be at
Nicaragua with a thousand acres of land.
After they have got the land in their pos
session, if they live long enough to build a
house, they will find that^the labor of clear
ing land enough to raise an acre of corn
will be more than they can eudure. The
land is covered with au almost impeuetra
ble underbrush, which forms the retreat of
countless snakes and scorpions. Numbers of
fanner*wbo have gone out for the purpose
of'taking up land were in Granada when I
left,some dying, some sick and others with
out the means of getting away, discouraged
and disheartened. I lock much pains to *
test all the tropical fruits of the country,
and would not give our apple and peach
for tlie whole catalogue.
“The inducements to mechanics are but
little better, if any. Mr. Squires, the
carpenter who went out on the Northern
Light, who had a good chest of tools and
was an excellent workman, teas making
from three to five dollars per day ; but he 1
told me that this could not last more than *
a few weeks, as there, was' nothing in his
line to do except* repair windows, small
jobbing and making an occasional store-
counter. A young man, also a carpenter,
who went out with his brother, was em
ployed by the Government in making cof
fins, which is the most lucrative employ
ment in the place. He was taken sick at
six o’clock in the evening, and at four next
morning he was dead, and that day was
buried in a coffin which lie had made him
self. He was perfectly- temperate in his ;
habits and in excellent health up to the
moment when lie was taken sick. Hit
brother came home in the Northern Light,
a few clays since, sick with the fever, and
it was only by careful nursing on the voy
age that lie was enabled to reach his home
alive. Mr. R. T. Starr, Tor many years
cutter and foreman in the tailoring estab
lishment of AY m. T. Jennings & Co., ol
Broadway, is the only man in Granada who
is making money at his trade, he having the
patronage of the Government as well as
nearly all the private citizens. Many me
chanics, unable to find employment, get out
of money, have no means of living, and arc
thus forced to leave the country.
“There is still another class of emigrants
who are fired with military enthusiasm,and
to them I have but iittle to say. Generali}
they have no honest employment here, anc
do not want any. At least six of this class win
left New Y ork on the 24th January, died
the next day after their arrival, while on
their way from Granada to Leon, where
they had been ordered to march, musket ii>
hand, under a scorching sun. I did 1101
learn how many more died before reaching
Leon, but was informed that the captain oi
the company, mounted on a mule, went on
to Leon, for a physician. The fillibus
ter leaves New York in high spirits, hut
when lie gets into Gen. Walker's power he
will be as tame and submissive as a sick
lamb. I11 walking around among the troops
1 have seen them in tears over their deso
late situation, it being impossible for them
to leave the army. Walker lets off’ no man. 1
however urgent the necessity may be.—
I have seen a very worthy young man
plead the sickness of his mother and her
destitution as a reason for liis return, and
the only answer he got was a peremptory or
der to go back to bis company. There
are very worthy young men in the army,
but among them all there is a general dis
satisfaction and disappointment.
Their food is very poor, and their pay is
barely enough for their washing expenses.
The captains receive only six dollars pei
week, and sickness prevails in the army to
an alarming extent.
“For laboringmen to emigrate the induce
ments are quite as few. One man who left .
Granada on the day I did to return, was seiz
ed with the fever on the way down the lake.
At Virgin Bay lie was treated by a physi
cian, who thought that he might venture to
start for home. He did so, and on the 2d
day out from San Juan he died and liis
body was thrown overboard. 1 under- j
stood that be was formerly a policeman in j
this city. Two Irishmen, brothers, went j
out in the Northern Light, but one became .
discouraged on arriving at San Juan and ^
returned. His brother, however, went on ,
with me to Granada. He got employment !
at a dollar and a half per day at driving ;
the Government cart. He was a healthy 1
and strictly sober man, but one week after i
liis arrival was seized with the fever and j
died. It is impossible for an American to,
work in that climate particularly those I
from the Northern States. They become I
debilitated and weak, and those who are
in the habit of drinking sufficiently to ir
ritate the stomach almost invariably die.
Granada is the great dead-house of the
country. Three miles from the city is a
pond, which, in the dry season, becomes
putrid, and the wind, w hich almost always
blows from that direction sends a miasma
over the city ; and this with rum and dirt, is
the cause of the unhealthiness of the place
YY'hen I left there were about four hundred
Americans in the city and thCy werfi dy
ing at the rate of five per day on an aver
age. It is said that Leon, a place one hun
dred miles above Granada, and reached by
mules, is much more healthy. Virgin Bay,
Castillo, and San Carlos are comparatively
healthy. I am, respectfully, yours,
William D. Snyder.
Fight with a Deer.—As B. W. Far
rar, Esq., of this place was coming from
Lubec with his horse and sleigh, on the
24th ult., when a few miles this side of
Whiting, he discovered a large buck deer
cross the road and pass on to the mill pond
in that vicinity, where lie fell* through the
ice, but the w ater being shoal he broke his
way to the opposite shore, where he was
met by Mr. Farrar, who had secured a club
with which to give him battle. The deer
turned, approached the mill nearby where
he was overtaken by his pursuer, again
turned, tumped at Mr. Farrar, when by
some mishap, both man and deer fell some
six feet down into limits beside the flume
of the mill, where for either to escape re
quired exertion andjudicious management;
so now the contest became animated, the
deer butting and striking with liis feet, and
his adversary fending off - with well direct
ed blows from Lis club.
‘Long time in even scale .the battle hung,’
but after a contest of some half an hour the
noble buck yielded and laid down his life,
and Mr. Farrar could rejoice that his ad
versary was slain.— flue hi as ( Me.) Union,
The Retort Courteous, bet not Am
atory.—A year or so ago there used to be
on “our floor” in one of the hotels of this
city, a very lady-like, tidy, pretty, Irish
chambermaid, whom it is well enough to
call Rose. A grey haired gentleman ot
fifty odd occupied 103, and as he sat at his
little table one morning, jlose came into
brush a little. »
“Rose,” quoth he, “I’ve fallen in love
with you. Gan I venture to hope you will
•Link well of me 1”
“Be sure you may, your honor,” replied
Rose with a twinkle of her bright eyes—
“for me father and me mother iver told me
to rivetence grey hairs all the days of me
life !”
Rose switched out of the room, and the
eldeily gentleman went to the baiber’s.
f Montgomery Mail.
A PENNY.
Thirty years ago there was seen to enter
the city of London, a lad about fourteen
years of age. He was dressed in a dark
smock-frock, that hid all his under apparel,
and which appeared to have been made
for a person evidently taller than the
wearer. His boots were covered with dust
from the high road. He had an old hat
with a black band, which contrasted strange
ly with the covering of his head. A small
bundle, fastened to the end of a stick and
thrown over liis shoulder, was the whole
of liis equipment. As he approached the
Mansion House he paused to look at the
building, and seating himself on the steps
at one of the doors, lie was about to rest
himself; but the coming in and going out*
of half a dozen persons before he had time
to finish untying his bundle, made him
leave that spot for the open space, wheie
the doors were in pait closed.
Having taken from the bundle a large
quantity of bread and cheese, which he
he seemed to cat with a ravenous appetite
amused himself with all the eager curios
ity of one unaccustomed to see similar
sights.
The appearance oftheyouth soon attrac
ted my curiosity, and gently opening the
door, 1 stood behind him without hislbeing
in the least conscious of my presence. He
now began rummaging bis pockets, and
after a great deal of trouble, brought out a
roll ot paper, which lie opened. After
satisfying himself that a large copper coin
was safe, he carefully put it back again,
saying to himself, in a low tone, “ Mother.
I will remember your last words, 4 a penny
saved is two-pence earned. It shall go
hard with me before I part with you, my
oldffi iend.”
Pleased with this remark, I gently
touched the lad on the shoulder. He start
ed, and was about to move away, when I
said,
“My good lad, you seem tired, and
likewise a stranger in the city.”
“ Yes, sir,” he answered, putting his
hand to his hat. He was again about to
move forward.
“You need not hurry away, iny boy,”
I observed. “ Indeed, if you are a stran
ger, and willing to work, I can perhaps
help you to get what you require.”
The hoy stood mute with astonishment,
and coloring to such au extent as to show
all the freckles of a sunburnt face, stam
mered out,
“ Yes, sir.”
“ I wish to know,” I added, with all the
kindness of manner I could assume,
“ whether you are anxious to find work,
for I want a boy to assist my coachman.”
The poor lad twisted and twirled his
bundle about, and after placing liis band to
liis bead, managed to utter an awkward
answer, and said lie would be very thankful.
I mentioned not a word about what I
had overheard with regard to the penny,
but inviting him into the house, I sent for
the coachman, to whose care I entrusted
the new comer.
Nearly a month had passed after this
meeting and conversation had occurred,
when 1 resolved to make some inquiries of
the coachman, regarding the conduct of the
lad.
“Abetter boy never eame into the
house, sir; and as for wasting anything,
bless me, sir, I know not where he lias
been brought up, bat I really believe he
would consider it a sin if lie did not give
the crumbs of bread to the birds every
morning.”
“ I am glad to hear so good an account,”
I replied.
“ And as for liis good nature, sir, there
is not a servant among us that doesn’t
speak well of Joseph. He reads to us
while wc sup, and he writes all our letters
for us.
“ Oh, sir, he lias got more learning than
.ail of us put together ; and what’s more,
he doesn’t mind work, and nqjer talks
about our secrets after lie writes our let
ters.”
Determined to see Joseph myself, I re
quested the coachman to send him to the
pailor.
“ I understand, Joseph, that you can
read and write.”
“ Yes, sir, thanks to my poor dead moth
er.”
“ You have lately lost your mother then 1”
“ A month that \ ery day w hen you were
kind enough to take me into your house an
unprotected orphan.”
“ Where didyou go to school ?”
“ Sir, my mother has been a widow ever
since I can remember. She was a daugh
ter of the village school-master and hav
ing to maintain me and herself with her
needle, she took the opportunity of her
leisure moments to teach me not only how
to read and write, but to cast up accounts.”
“ And did she give you that penny
which I saw you unroll so carefully at the
door ?”
Joseph stood amazed, but at length re
plied w ith great emotion, while a tear stood
in his eye,
“Yes, sir, it was the very last penny
she gave me.”
“ YY’ell, Joseph, so satisfied am I with
your conduct, that not only do I pay to
you a month’s wages willingly for the time
you have been here, but I must beg of you
to fulfil the duties of collecting clerk to
our firm, whieh has become vacant by the
death of a very old and faithful assistant.”
Joseph thanked me in the most unas
suming manner, and I was asked to take
care ot his money, siuce I had promised to
provide him with suitable clothing for his
new occupation.
It Yvill be unnecessary to relate how,
step by step, this poor country lad proceed
ed to win the confidence ot myself and
partner. The accounts were always cor
rect to a penny ; and whenever his salary
became due, he drew out of my hands no
more than lie absolutely needed, even to a
penny. At length he had saved a suffi
cient sum of money to be deposited in the
bank.*
It so happened that one of our customers,
who carried on a successful business, want
ed an active partner. This person w as of
eccentric habits, and considerably advan
ced in years. Scrupulously just, he looked
on every penny-and invariably discharged
his workmen, if they were not equally
scrupulous in their dealing with him.
Aware of this peculiarity of temper,
there was no person I could recommend
pugnance of my partner, w r ho was uiiwill
ing to be deprived of so valuable au assist
ant, Joseph was duly received into the
firm of Richard Fairbrother & Co. Pros-
ccmpletely won tb e confidence of Iris sen
ior partner, that lie left him the whole of
his business, es no expressed in his will,
* even to the very last le inv.’*
The New Perpetual Jldiup.
There stands on a table at No. 5G5 Broad
way, an innocent looking machine, consist
ing mainly of two brass wheels geared to
gether, moderately but continuously ie-
volviug without the visible expenditure of
any power ! The smaller gear w heel, be
tween one and two inches in diameter, is
mounted on a vertical axis and is steadied
by a small fly-wheel. This makes some
80 revolutions per minute and gears into
another some ten times larger, which latter
ir fixed on a shaft inclined toward the first
some fifteen degrees from the perpen
dicular. This wheel carries delicately
mounted on ihs npper surface two heavy
bars of brass, extending diametrically
across at right angles to each other. A
small wheel on the quick shaft comes in
contact with the ends of these bars as they
pass and continually thrusts them over to-
Yvardsthc highest side. What we have term
ed bars are much larger at the ends than at
the middle, and are in fact weights connect
ed by a wire ; but the effect is the same,
and the increased weight 011 the side which
is descending apparently causes and main
tains the motion of tl.e whole. The glass
covering was partially removed and the
machine was stopped in our presence
—the second time only, we arc assur
ed, for several weeks—but it slow ly start
ed again when released in a suitable
position for gravity to act favorably on
the bars, and soon attained its ordinary
speed. 7
A perpetual motion of the character
which this appears to he is simply jmpiossi-
ble. The difficulty of solving the riddle,
however, renders it a nny>t interesting
object for study, and we recommend it to
tbe attention of the curious. The machine
is an importation from New Heaven and
some score of editors, mechanics, and sa-
cans of various grades in that favored citv,
certify strongly to their belief in its gen
uine character. If a humbug, it is certain
ly no shallow one ; and such is the ii resis
tible conclusion of every one* after watch
ing its quiet revolutions closely for an hour
or more.
Forty three years ago a perpetual mo
tion in this city attracted great attention,
until Robert Fulton suggested the exis
tence of a secret hand which impelled by
suitable means outside the room, might be
connected to one of tbe shafts of the ma
chine at some point concealed within a
bearing. Backed up by the audience, he
commenced a “pursuit ot know ledge under
difficulties” more earnest in its character
and fortunate in its results than morally
justifiable, and forcibly separating, tbe
parts of the construction proved his sup
position to be correct, a band of twine be
ing found to lead into the room above,
where an old man sat turning a crank with
one hand and holding a crust in the
other. In the machine now under notice
both shafts are delicately supported both
at top and bottom on thin disks of trans
parent glass thus effectually cutting off
ai>v mechanical assistance through these
avenues, and the nonconducting prop
erty of this,material tends to Suit the
mouths of those superficial philosophers
who are always ready to explain everthing
unusual by simply pronouncing the words
“animal magnetism” or “electricity.”
Our solution of the phenomenon consists
in supporting the large wheel, or more
likely the cross bars supported thereon, to
contain iron at one or more points, 'ibis
wheel runs in very el se proximity to tw o
wooden posts in tlie framing, one or Loth
of which posts we conceive to conceal iron
Lars, w hich latter become magnets at regu
lar intervals. The magnetism is induc
ed, either directly or inductively, by
the aid of a battery or a revolving ar
mature, located outside the room, and con
nected through the legs of the table. The
fluid operates iu the ordinary manner, bv a
helical coil,the period of the cuiient being
regulated by clock work. As the iron in
the wheel approaches the post-, the iron
therein becomes a magnet and attracts it,
but as it reaches the nearest point the cur
rent is suspended, ami the magnetism dis
appears. Should the wheel turn too fast,
the magnetism does not cease in time, and
by operating as a slight retard after the
point is passed, soon brings it back to its
favorite velocity. This theory explains
both the existence and tl.e regularity of its
motion, and, if correct, leaves the appara
tus possessing a very moderate degree of
interest as a te-eble magnetic engine.
fAV ic York Ttihune.
Detr Hunt cud a Hear Fight.
Meder Ferrige, residing in Franklin
county, N. II , writes a letter to his broth
er AY’illiam H. Perrige, dated Jan. 1st.
1*850, as follows :
“As you wish to hear my hunting storv,
I will try and give it to you, but I don't
think I can do il justice, i went into the
woods in the neighborhood ofRacket Lake,
to hunt deer, and having shot two, 1 started
for the shanty usually occupied by hunters
in that quarter, and soon came across a
bear’s track. I followed this track, bnt
not far, before I saw the old chap. I drew
up my rifle and fired, but it set ms w ithout
effect, for he turned and made directly to
wards me. I attempted to re load, but had
no time; wc were soo n in close quartern.
I commenced heating him oii' v. ith my gun,
.but through seme mishap I lo.-t hold of
that, and the bear and 1 clinched. I threw
him down, but I soon found that-the un-
tiSer side was his advantage, for he. tore my
clothes and skin unmercifully. YY’e strug
gled and rose up again. I thought of my
knife, but lie hugged ine so close I could
not get at it. He attempted to Lite my
face, and taking a hint from my enexpy, 1
caught Lis nose in my teeth, and you had
better believe I shut down on him tight,
for he soon loosed his hold around me, so
I had an opportunity to reach my knife,
which I improved without delay. Being
thus aimed, I gave him several cut: and
thrusts in rapid.succession, and he beat a
retreat. He did not go far. however, be
fore be fell,having been mortally wounded.
“The light being over, J sat down to
take breath, and I thought of home and
the danger I had escaped. I will say to
yori that fighting a bear is no child's play,
but Joseph, and after overcoming the re-und though nqt seriously injured iu this,
I don’t ca-e to have another—it is not ve
ry pleasant. While I Laa the old fellow’s
nose in my mouth, I discovered he had a
very bad breath, and nothing but my crit-
perity attended Joseph in his new* uuuer- ical situation enabled me to withstand it.
taking, aud never suffering a penny differ
ence to appear iu liis transactions, he so
Deliver me from beiiig obliged to kiss or
fight a bear.”
HHl