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dom, yet under tlie prime inspiiation of an
infidel horde, seeks to reduce eight mil
lions of freemen to ahject bondage and
subjection. All ages and all conditions
are united in the one grand and holy pur
pose of rolling back the desolating tides
of invasion, and of restoring to the people
of the South that peace, independence
and right of self government to which
they are by nature and nature's God as
justly eutitled as those who seek thus ruth
lessly to enslave them.
The General in command having the
strongest confidence in the intelligence
and firmness of purpose of those belong
ing to bis department, enjoins upon them
the maiutainauce of a caiui, patient, and
persistent and undaunted determination
to resist the invasion at all hazards and
to the last extremity. It comes bringing
with it a contempt lor constitutional liber
ty, and the withering influence of the infi
delity of New England and Germany com
bined. Its success would deprive us of a
future.
The best men among our invaders op
posed the course they are purtuiug at the
first, b«t they have been overborne and
swept into the wake of the prevailing cur
rent, and now, under, the promptings of
their fears, or the delusion of some idola
trous reverence due to a favorite symbol,
are as active as any instigating this un
natural, unchristian and cruel war.
Our protests, which w r e here solemnly
repeat in the face of the civilized world,
have been hitherto unheeded. We are
left alone under God to the resources of
our own minds and our own hearts—to the
resources of our manhood.
Upon bis knowing as he does tbose
whom he addresses, as well as those with
whom you are co-operating throughout the
South, the General in command feels we
may relj- with unwavering confidence.—
Let every man then, throughout the land
arm himself in the most effective manner,
and hold himself in readiness to support
the combined resistance. A cause which
has for its object nothing less than the se
curity of civil liberty and the preservation
of the purity of religious truth, is the cause
of heaven, and may well challenge the
homage and service of the patriot aud the
Christian. In God is our trust.
Leonidas Polk;
Maj. General P. A. C. S., Commanding.
Tlie War Party at tlie North—Their Polity
Past and Future.
That sterling old paper, the Journal of
Commerce, pours a broadside into the nor
thern Hotspurs, which, if anything can,
will make the galled jades wiuce. We
copy a few extracts :
“What do these war gentlemen expect ?
We have goue through one after another
phases of their plans and prophecies. The
first uprising of the North was to scatter
the rebel hordes. It only strengthened
their arms, roused their spirit, and increas
ed their numbers. It drove Virginia,
North Carolina and Tennessee into the
arms of the Secessionists, and gave the
South the unity of purpose they had be
fore lacked.
Then we were promised the ability of
the North to pour such columns of soldiers
into the field that all resistance would be
overpowered, and bloodshed would be
prevented by the hopelessness of the South
ern cause. Put we find ourselves now
equalled if not outnumbered by the rebels
iu arms, who have the daring to advance
their outposts up to the very liue of our
camps.
We were assured of the imminent star
vation of the entire race of Southerners,
and we find them now in the midst of plen
ty. We were told that they would run
from our advancing regiments, and we
find them abundantly ready to takeadvan
tage of our unskilled leaders and drive
us back from their batteries.
Every promise, every expectation of the
war party has thus far proved false, and
we stand now in the presence of the solemn
truth that this is a great war, no childish
play, a war in which men on both sides
are skillful, courageous, strong in their
confidence of right, and of which the end
is far distaut, aud visible only through the
smoke of battle and across fields of thou
sands of our dead.
We hear some men say again that he
who shrinks from war, who is willing to
make any sacrifice to avoid war, is a trai
tor.
It is a great mistake to suppose that a
blood-hound is a courageous dog. The
ineu who have plunged us into this war,
who have hallooed on the people, are
men that have wisely stayad at home
Aud a part of the plan to cover up their
own want of courage, is to keep on the
cry of war.
We ask again, what do they expect ?
If the President is right, if the opinion ol
cool, dispassionate men among us is right,
then we must meet these questions he
tween the North and the South before the
end shall be reached, llo you adopt the
bravado, “we must let them go eventually,
but we must thrash them first ?” No man,
who believes in such a policy, is fit to be
au American citizen, or for any station
outside the walls of an ius&ue asylum.
What, then, will you answer when man
and God shall demand of you an ac
count of the horrors of war, its blood and
rapine ? “Oh we thrashed them, and it
was worth ali the blood and horror to he
able to say that!"’ Can it he that there
are human hearts ready to make such an
The English Premier on the Battle of Belbel.
[From the London Post (Gov't, organ) June 26 j
It is, however, believed that the Nor
thern army, under command of Gen. Scott,
amounts to sixty thousand men, and that
the enemy has in the field a force which is
supposed to range from seventy to ninety
thousand men. The former, if we may
judge from the recent affair near Fort
Alouroe, appeared to be ill-disciplined and
iuefficently commanded. The regiments
which were despatched, under the com
mand of General Pierce, to attack the in
trenched camp at Great Bethel, were spee
dily repulsed, and in the darkness of the
night fired upon each other. This disas
ler is attributed to the mismanagewant of
Gen. Pierce, who, it is stated, “lost liis
head,” or to the disinclination of the raw
Northern levies to face masked batteries,
and to stand “the galling fire of rifled can
non.” The military operations which hith
erto have taken place iu America seem
to European notions to he utteiiy inexpli
cable. In this country 7 we know compara
tively little or nothing of the organization
of the Southern forces. "We are obliged
to form our conclusions from the not very
trustworthy accounts with which the New
York papers favor the world. It is, how
ever, clear that both in the attack upou
Fort Sumter and in the recent affair at
Great Bethel the secessionist, were well
provided with artillery, aud that their
troops wesr sufficiently well handled to se
cure success.—We suspect that the delay
and hesitation which have marked the
policy 7 of the Federal Government are to
he attributed mainly to tlie circumstance
that Gen. Scott, an able and experienced
officer, knows that militia regiments cau-
uot, iu the short space of (wo mouths, be
converted into well trained and efficient
soldiers. Gen. Butler, who diiected the
disastrious movement from Fort Monroe,
was the other day a practising lawyer,
who, of course, cannot he expected to be
come a general by inspiration. The Nor
thern army appers to he in great want
of officers, owing to the circumstance that
the great majority of the officers, of the
regular army have thrown by their com
missions to take service with the South
ern insurgents. Iu a few dav6 we may
expect to hear that Manassas Gap has
been the scene of a great struggle, upon
the issue of which the fate of the Federal
Capital must depend. Hitherto the pres
tige of success has been altogether on the
side of the South—a matter of the greatest
importance at the coniencement of a
campaign. Mr. Jefferson Davis appears
to have a well supplied, well officered, and
well organized army ; whilst Mr. Lincoln
and Mr. Scott have under their command
raw levies more formidable on paper than
they arc to an enemy in the field. Actu
al warfare, however, is a sharpe, quick in
structor, aud the Northern population
have ouly to imitate the energy and activi
ty of the Southern insurgents, to learn
those habits of discipline aud to collect
those resources upon which success de
pends quite as much as upon enduring
courage and a good and rightous cause.
The two armies were approaching each
other, and the fight which seemed immi
nent at Manassas Gap will in all probabili
ty decide, not the fate of the campaign, but
whether the North or the South is to be
come the invading party.
The Gubernatorial Election.
We copy from two of the Macon papers
articles ou this question. The editorial ot
the Telegraph forcibly but seutentiously
opposed the re-election of Gov. Brown,
and in this we concur with it; but v, e can
not second its suggestion to call a conven
tion to intervene between the people and
tliis election. Ancient and general as has
been the custom in our old Federal and
State Governments of the retirement of
Chief Magistrates after a second term, a
departure from it now certainly argues an
iuordiuate estimation of iiis own abilities
by any Governor, to say the last of it.
* # # *
But we desire chiefly to protest against
the intervention of caucuses or conven
tions in this matter. We regard such
bodies and their action as the mightiest
agents in producing the corruption of
party 7 politics and administration under
our old system. It was their “log roll
ing” and their “platforms” that made the
economy of that government but a rami
fied system of plunder and corruption,
and finally arrayed the sections in such
anlagonism as to produce their separation.
When we have distinct political parties,
we suppose, conventions must again be
resorted to among us—they may be neces
sary to unite a party in a contest for the
success of its definite policy, hut even
then they 7 will he “necessary evils.” Now.
however, when w 7 e have no opposing par
ties, such a necessity cannot exist, and any
intervention of the kind is a gratuitous
dictation to the people who retain the
election in their oivn hands. Who are to
compose the convention, there being no
party 7 divisions? Its advocates tell us,
the whole people. Very well—i6 not the
question referred to the whole people on
the day of the election? and why should
the same tribunal twice make its decision ?
The Telegraph says that there will he a
multiplicity of candidates without a con
vention, and that on the day of the elec
tion the Governor chosen (not having a
majority of the whole vote cast) will “rep
resent a mere minority of the people.”—
This is not precisely a correct statement
of the case, inasmuch as, under the new
constitution, no person can be elected by
the people without receiving a majority of
the votes cast, and in the event no one re
ceives 6uch majority, the General Assem
bly is to make the choice from the two
highest persons voted for. Now, we ask,
is it any more anti-democratic for the
General Assembly thus to make the elec
tion after the popular vote, aud from the
two persons most largely voted for by 7 the
people, than for a convention to make the
choice before the popular vote and from
any 7 persons whom its Caprice or partiality
may 7 select?—especially w'hen we consider
that the constitution expressly recognizes
and provides for such a contingent election
by the General Assembly, but nowhere
recognizes or refers the matter to a con
vention ?
Again—how 7 is the convention system
to secure for the people the choice of the
majority ? If there would be a multipli
city of candidates before tlie people, will
there not also be a multiplicity before a
convention ? aud must not the friends of
one and another give way, until fiually a
man w'bo started with one fifth or one-
third of the votes gets a majority? Would
this he securing the election of a man who
was the first choice of a majority of the
people ? How often have we know’n it to
he the case that men are nominated by
conventions who were not even thought of
in connection with the office by one-tenth
of the people before the nomination ?—
And mark what an opportunity is here
presented for log-rolling and corrupt bar
gaining ! An aspiraut controlling one
quarter of the vote can so readily effect an
understanding with another controlling
another quarter—you and your friends
vote for me for Governor, and I ami my
friends will support you for Senator or
Judge—or their respective friends cau
make the arrangement for them. And
this, we suppose, would be done in the
name of a majority of the people! Is it
better thus to combine even a true majority
of the people than to let the election take
the course prescribed by the constitution
as above explained ?
We have intimations already that some
of the advocates of a convention fear that
it will not be fairly managed—that the
real preference of the people will not he
expressed by it. The Federal Union, in
running up tlie name of Gov. Brown for
a third term, aud declaring its intention
to “urge its preference with earnestness,”
says, “we will cheerlully sustain the choice
of the people fairly made known through
a convention’; and adds, “we do know
that the people wish him [Gov. BrownJ to
stand for the office, and that he will* he
overwhelmingly elected before the people,
if he does permit the use of his name.”—
What is this but a declaration that the
nomination of any one else hut Gov.
Brown will not be a fair expression of the
popular preference, aud a reservation of
the right to oppose the nominee of the
convention if he he auy one else than Gov.
Brown?
Iu this region, we presume, the suppor
ters of a convention will urge it as a
means of beating Gov. Brown, for surely
he can get the vote of no comity in this
quarter. And if the contest assumes this
shape—the nomination or defeat of Gov.
Brown—is it not easy to see that combi
nations will be formed against him in the
convention, aud that bis friends will have
a plausible opportunity to carry out their
latent threat to bolt any nomination not
* fairly made” ? Is it not best to let every
candidate go before the people on his own
merits, and let the election be decided ae
cording to the contemplation of the consti
tution—by the people if a majority of them
can nuite ou oue man, and by the Legis
lature (from the two highest voted for by
the people) if they cannot ?
\ Columbus Enquirer.
Gov. Brown, tbe Augusta Arsenal, and the
State Arms.
When the Augusta Arsenal was taken
by Gov. Brown, it contained about 22,000
stands of arms. This was immediately
after the secession of the State, and before
her connection with the Southern Confed
eracy. She was then sovereign and in
dependent of the world. Gov. Brown,
some time after the arsenal was taken,
w hen he had a perfect right to control it,
ordered out of tlie Aisenal between seven
aud eight thousand stand of arms which
he found in it. Part of these were dis
tributed at the time among volunteer com
panies, and part placed in the Arsenals at
Savannah and Milledgeville. All the bal
ance of the guns were left in tbe Augusta
Arsenal, aud were there when the State
Convention assembled at Savannah in
March. The Convention at that session
passed an ordinance requiring the Govern
or to turn over the Augusta Arsenal, with
other property lately in the possession of
the United States, to the Government of
the Confederate States, with all the arms
now (at the time of the passage of the ordi
nance,) in the Arsenal. The word “now”
was italicised to show that the Convention
only authorized the arms then in the Arse
nal transferred, and did not require the
Governor to transfer those which he bad
previously taken out. These it was inten
ded should be kept for the use of Georgia
troops going into service. After the pas
sage of this ordinance the Governor sent
a copy of it to the Secretary of War, and of
fered to turn over the Arsenal and arms as
directed by tlie ordinance. The Secretary
of War then appointed Maj. Gumming, an
officer in the Confederate service, to re
ceive the possession of the Arsenal and
arms from the Governor. He visited Mill
edgeville and .presented to Gov. Brown
his authority from the Secretary of War,
to act for him ; whereupon Gov. Brow'n
turned over to him the possession and keys
of the Arsenal, w’ith all the arms in it.—
Since that time Gov. Brown has never had
the keys, nor has he had any more con
trol over the Augusta Arsenal than any
other citizen of the State. The arms
which were in the Arsenal have, from time
to time, been shipped by thousands to Vir
ginia and Tennessee, under the orders of
the Secretary of War. As many as 4,000
w’ere ordered by the Secretary to Tennessee
in one lot, and it is believed the President
and Secretary have ordered the last one
from the Arsenal to the borders of the
Confederacy. Over this matter Gov.
Brown has not had the slightest control,
as the ordinance of the Convention of
Georgia had taken the Arsenal and the
guns out of his possession. This plain
statement of facts answers the question so
often asked by Gov. Brown’s enemies :—
“What have become of the arms taken in
tbe Augusta Arsenal ?” They have gone
into the Confederate service under the or
ders of the Secretary of War. But it may
be asked what have become of the seven
thousand taken out of the Arsenal by Gov.
Brown, prior to the passage of the ordinance
which turned the Arsenal with its contents
over to the Confederacy. The answer is
plain and truthful. The last one of them
has been sent into the service of the Con
federate States upon the shoulders of Geor
gia volunteers, except such of them as are
now in the hands of the soldiers in the
Fourth Brigade at Camp McDonald, and
they have been tendered with the men to
the President, and the Brigade is now sub
ject to his orders at any time when he wish
es it. Not only so, but thousands of arms
purchased by the State, and indeed all she
had except such are now iu the hands of
Volunteer companies, aud the few that are
being gathered up from disbanded compa
nies, have been sent into the service of the
Confederacy.
Gov. Brown has sent the following Reg
iments and Battalions, armed, accoutered
and equipped, into the service of the Con
federate States, commanded by the persons
mentioned :
1st Regiment Volunteers, Col. Ramsey.
2d “ “ “ Semines.
3d “ “ “ Wright.
4th “ “ “ Doles,
5th “ “ “ Jackson.
6th “ “ “ Colquitt.
7 th “ “ “ Gartrell.
8th “ " “ Mercer.
9th “ “ “ Goulding.
10th “ “ “ Anderson.
11th “ “ “ Brumby.
12th “ “ “ Thomas.
They are numbered in the order in
which they have gone into service. Col.
Williams’ Regiment of Regulars, not num
bered, makes 13, and the two battalions,
one at Pensacola and the other in Virgin
ia, commanded by Maj. Hardeman, taken
together, equivalent to a Regiment, makes
14 in actual service. To these add Gen.
Phillips’ Brigade of two Regiments, and
three battalions, equivalent to 3i Regi
ments, which are armed and equipped
by the State, and are tendered to the
President, and it makes 17L Add to
these the two now Regiments ordered out
upon the coast to take the places of Cols.
Williams and Semines, which are now be
ing organized, and are to be armed aud
equipped by the State ; and Col. T. II. R.
Cobb’s Legion, also armed and equipped
l>v the State, equivalent to a Regiment,
aud it makes twenty and half Regiments
sent into the Confederate service, armed
and equipped without calling on the Con
federacy tor anything.
The above estimate, it will be seen,
does not include auy of the Independent
or Confederate Regiments from Georgia,
which are tendered directly to the Presi
dent and are armed by him, except tbose
companies which, in violation of the orders
of the Commander-ia-chief and in disre
gard of the authority of their State, have
carried off the arms of the State. These
Regiments leave the State independent
ol State authority and, as they are not
sent into service by Gov. Brown, they are
not armed and equipped by him.
It is thought proper that troops disre
garding State authority and tendering
their services directly to the Confedera
cy should look to the Confederacy for sup
plies. When Gov. Brown sends a regiment
out of the State, be sends it fully suppli
ed with guns, teuts, knapsacks, haversacks,
cartridge boxes, cap pouches, bayonet
scabbards, blankets, camp kettles, can
teens, and a supply of provisions sufficient
to carry it to its place of destioatiou. It
is a truth which will not be questioned that
the Govenor of no other Slite in the Con
federacy has armed, accoutered and equip
ped and prepared for the field 20 Regi
iments without expense to the Confederacy
Even Virginia, whose soil is invaded by
so many thousand troops, has not, it is con
fidently believed, fully armed aud equip
ped, as well as the Georgia troops, are
equipped as much as 20 Regiments at her
own expense for the field. North Caroli
na, as is shown by the letter of Riesideut
Davis to the Virginia commissioners, has
uot turned over to the Confederacy the
arsenals and arms taken by her from
the United States. She got a much lar
ger number of gunsthau Georgia did, and
while she has acted nobly, she has not
sent to tbe field 20 Regiments, armed and
equipped at her own expense.
Guv. Brown has issued an order requir
ing armed volunteer companies in the
Slate to tender for the war if they keep
their guns, and he has also appointed the
clerks of the courts as agents in different
parts of the State, to collect together all
old State arms, scattered among the peo
ple, and has bid a reward of two dollars
for each old flint and steel musket which
may be gathered up and seut in. He lias
arrangements made to have them altered
to percussion lock, and repaired so as to
he fit for use. By these means lie hopes
lo he able to arm three or four more regi
ments in a month or two more. He has
armed and equipped regiments as long as
ho had guns, and will continue to do so as
long as he can get them. He will soon have
twenty-five armed regiments iu the field.
Whatsoever fault finders may say of his
military administration, he has reason to
feel proud of the compliment paid him by
a prominent member of tlio administration
at Richmond, who says he has “done
more for the great cause in which wo arc
engaged, with the means at his command,
than any man in the Confederacy.” He
seized the forts and arsenals in the State,
in advance of the action of the United
States antborites, and we now have peacea
ble possession of them ; while the enemy
have most of those in other States,
and it is costing millions of money and
probably many valuable lives to retake
them.
He commenced iu time, and got into
tho State more saltpetre aud sulphur than
has been imported by all the other Con
federate States together. He now has
enough to make several hundred tons of
powder, which he has tendered to the
President for the Confederacy. All the
powder and ball, shot and shell, and all
the heavy guns put upon Fort Pulaski to
secure it against attack, have been fur
nished by Gov. Brown and not by the
Confederacy. When the President was
in great need of cavalry arms in Virginia,
soon alter he went there, application was
made to Gov. Broivn, who loaned the
President five hundred new Sharp car
bines, worth over 830 each, with plenty
of cartridges, which are now in the ser
vice of tbe Confederacy. The Governor
has also purchased and got into the State,
a sufficient quantity of lead to meet any
emergency that may arise.
Atlanta Intelligencer, 21 si.
A Trip to Washington.—Last Sunday, Lieut.
Col. Thou as H. Taylor, C. S. A., of Kentucky,
left this city for Washington, bearing a letter from
President Davis to President Lincoln, understood
to be an official notification of the course that will
be pursued by this Government in the event of the
execution or other criminal punishment of the pris-
ers taken ou board the privateer (Savannah. Col.
T. preceeded to the headquarters of General Beau
regard, by whom, it is said, he was furnished with
a letterto Gen. McDowell, in command of the Lin
coln forces on this side of the Potomac. He then
proceeded to Fairfax C. H., where he was furnish
ed with an escort of twelve men aud two non-com
missioned officers under command a Lieutenant,
with a w'hite Hag. Thence he proceeded towards
Arlington encountering a squadron of the enemy’s
dragoons when within about seven miles of that
place, to whose commanding officer he made known
liis errand. Arriving at Arlington, Gen. Scott was
notified of his presence, who sent a carriage to con
vey him to Washington, where he arrived about 9
o’clock Monday night, and deliveied his letter to
Gen. Scott—Lincoln not being visible. Col. T.
was then re-conveyed to Arlington, where lie
spent the night, and the next day was escorted
back through the enemy’s lines. Gen. S inform
ed him that an answer to tlie letter, of which he
was bearer, would be forwarded to this city by oue
of liis officers, and request Col. T. to deliver his
“ kind regards” to Generals Lpe and Beauregard.
Col. T., within tho enemy’s line, was treated with
all the courtesies of the profession.—Richmond
Whig.
The Policy of the Washington Cabinet.—
The Washington correspondent of the Baltimore
Sun, in liis letter of July 6, writes:
The President’s message determines the ques
tion as to the character of the ivar policy of the ad
ministration. The war is no longer to be defen
sive, but offensive, and its object to crush out the
revolutionists. The most ample means are called
for with tiiis view, The number of men named is
the minimum of the force required. In the con
duct of an offensive war, on the large scale ot op
erations proposed, half a million of inen will no
doubt be necessary. There is not the least doubt
that all the recommendations of the message and
of the report of the Secretary of War will be sus
tained by Congress. Now that the war fever is
up, as Mr. Hale said in his remarks to-day ou army
pay, there is no nse in talking about economy of
money. In fact, the idea prevails that it will be
better to expend money freely and save blooj. To
call out such a force as will defy resistance, and
thus render the war short and decisive, is the man
ifest intention of the Government.
While the bill providing for an army retired list
was before the Senate to-day, Mr. Grimes remark
ed that the Government depended as much upon
the service of the navy as that of the army in that
struggle, for what was called the blockade—that
is, the closing of the ports, would be as efficient as
the operations of the army, and naval officers
would bo exposed, in that duty, to great fatigue
and hardship.;
The plan of offensive operations embraces the
employment both of the army aud navy in the oc
cupation of some of the priucipa! commercial cities
on the Atlantic and Gulf coasts. But this plan
will not be carried out before winter. It is intend
ed, however, that Memphis shall be taken by an ar
my and armed flotilla early in the fall, and from
that great depot the growing cotton crop will come
forward to market through the interior. Trade,
both foreign and domestic, will then, it is suppos
ed, be revived, and as prosperous as ever.
Ot’R Navy.—We have now the beginning of a
Navy, which, small as it is, is not much beneath
the dimensions of the old Continental, which, un
der Paul Jones, Truxton, Hinmau, and others,
covered the infant flag of America with glory.—
We Rave, in the first place, officers who were the
very flower of the old Federal Navy, accomplished
seamen, and high-toned and chivalrous gentlemen.
If we have not at present many ships, we have the
most unlimited materials for building and for arm
ing and equipping vessels of war. Magnificent
forests of live oak abound in the Southern States;
tar, hemp, pine, and every article of naval store can
be found iu unlimited abundance in the Southern
Confederacy, aud iu no ofher part of the old Un
ion. We can easily command seamen enough for
any present exigency, and there can be no better
school for their taining than onr privateersmen,
which will soon be afloat on every wave. In the
Norfolk Navy Yard, 60 fortunately wrested from
Federal hands, we have the largest and best Navy
Yard on the continent. In this connection we may
add that the highest credit is due to the gallant of
ficers of our Navy, not only for the eflicent ser
vices they have rendered at the yard, but at the
various land batteries, where their experience, skill,
aud courage have been beyond all praise.—Rich
mond Dispatch.
A NEW BATTALION.
P. W. A. the Richmond correspondent of the
Savannah Republican says:
“Tbe following Georgia companies now here
have been organized into a battallion uader Maj.
J T. Mercer, of Terrell county, to-wit: Sparks
Guards, Captain Camming; Southern Guards,
Captain Jones; Border Rangers. Captain Shor
ter ; Jefferson Guards, Capt. G undele ; Whites-
ville Guards, Capt Norwood, and Toombs Rangers,
Capt. Waddell. They leave to morrow for Manas
sas.
The following named companies will compose
the Thirteenth Regiment Georgia Volunteers, w hich
will take the place of Colonel Semines’ regiment,
now under orders for Virginia, viz:
Wiregrass Minute Men, Capt. Cary W. Styles.
Brunswick Riflemen, Capt. B. F. Harris, Bruns
wick. •
Lowndes Volunteers, Capt. G. T. Hammond,
Valdosta.
Ochlocknee Light Infantry, Capt. W. J. Young,
Thomas ville.
St. Mary’s Volunteers, Captain A. B. Dofour,
Darien.
Seaboard Guards, Capt. John C. Nichols,
Waynesville.
Berrien Minute Men, Capt. Levi J. Knight,
Nashville.
Piscolo Volunteers, Capt. Wm. A. Lane, Quit-
man.—Atlanta Intelligencer, 21st,
^ait%rn ^carter.
MILL E JD Ot E VILLE:
TUESDAY, JULY 30, 1861.
VICTORY OF MANASSAS.
The greatest battle ever fought on the American
continent, was that at Manassas, Virginia, on Sun
day 21st inst. The Federal force is estimated at
70,000. Some reports make it 63,000, and others
as high as 80,000. The enemy w ill endeavor to
conceal the true number after his signal defeat
by the Confederates who, it is said had about 40,-
000 soldiers on the field of action, the greater por
tion of whom, however, was held as a reserve in
case of accident to the advance divisions. The
victory was overwhelming, and was modestly an
nounced by President Davis iu a despatch, dated
at Manassas, on the night the battle terminated,
which will be found iu another column. Truly it
seems that Heaven favored the South,
GEN. BARTOW.
While Georgia lias contributed her Regiments
and Battalions to the cause of the South, and
while perhaps, she has in the field not less than
20,000 gallant soldiers, she is called to mourn thus
early in the strife, the loss of one of her noblest
sous. Among the slain at Manassas was Gen.
Francis S. Bartow, who fell at the moment of
victory, while leading his column against the bat
tery of the foe. In the meridian of life, while hon
ors and the brig’nest of earthly rewards were in
prospect, he has been lost to his country and to
his friends. What an offering upon the altar of
Southern independence! His name is immortal,
and will be ranked in future ages among the purest
patriots and most chivalrous men who ever served
in council, or commanded in the field. He died in a
blaze of glory, and henceforth his name will be dear
to tbe whole South as among its first martyrs whose
voice was eloquent in the forum, and whose heart
poured forth its precious tide to vindicate the rights
and the policy which he so vigorously maintained
in Council.
While living, it was the fortune of Gen. Bar
tow to be misapprehended in some points of char
acter. Perhaps he was not wholly free from mi
nor defects; yet even these did not detract from
the nobility of liis nature. Now that he is gone,
and his voice will no longer be heard on earth, his
manly virtues and his gallant bearing will alone be
remembered, while a halo of fame will encircle his
memory forever.
A VOICE FROM THE NORTH.
We have been permitted to publish an extract
from a letter addressed to a gentleman in this city,
from a resident of the city ot New York who is al
together reliable. It gives a true picture of things
so far as it pretends to represent them, as follows:
New York, July 15,1861.
We are in a dreadful condition in this city—
business of all kinds at a perfectly dead lock.—
Merchants, Mechanics, Ship-owners, Manufactu
rers, one and all, are included in a common corps
of sufferers. The Southern people are by far the
best off. If you can sustain yourselves for four
months longer, iu that time you will close np Eas
tern Manufactures and Western trade, which will
produce such a state of things here as will make a
howl such as Rome never heard, or dreamed of.—
New 7 York merchants, as a class, are bankrupt, and
so are all other classes where credit has to be ex
tended to any considerable degree. The journals
of onr cities give no idea of the state of affairs com
mercially or generally. They are filled with can-
ando, of brilliant fights, and lio-bodv hurt; they
are pretty well played out. \Y item" tlie last two
weeks, a great change has come over this people.
They' are beginning to lake other than a one-sided
view of this hellish business, and the tighter the
screw 7 , the more they will think, and soon begin
to act. The New York Metes is doing a good work,
and is worthy of all praise, and 1 hope will have
its reward.
MR. CRITTENDEN.
The Savannah Republican has so well expressed
our feelings, that we copy its remarks below as a
substitute for any of our own in regard to a public
character who has always commanded our venera
tion aud confidence, until the present emergency,
when it seems that he has given himself up to a
false idea which his great experience should have
rejected,—that of restoring the Union by force.—
The Republican says:
If onr despatch be true—and we fear it is—Mr.
Crittenden has openly taken sides with Lincoln
and his confederates by introducing a set of reso
lutions declaring the South responsible for the civ
il war that has come upon the country. Poor old
man ! Age has dimmed the fire of his noble mind,
aud a fanatical love of the Union, extending to the
name and shadow when all its substanee aud spir
it have departed, has rendered him unfit to cope
with the vast responsibilities and fiery elements of
the time. He belongs to another and a past age
and far better would it have been for him bad he
persisted in his refusal to accept a trust in his de-
clingyears for which he is totally unfit. We have
no severe criticism for his course, preferring, for
the sake of the glorious memories of his better
days, to allow him to pass gently down tbe stream
of time, and meet his rew ard at the hands of histo
ry-
Farewell, once great and glorious, now feeble
and demented John J. Crittenden, of Kentucky!
CONVICTS ESCAPED.
On Tuesday morning, about 3 o’clock, twelve or
fourteen convicts made an attempt to escape from
the Penitentiary. One of them, William Rozier,
was shot and killed on the spot, and another. John
Wheeler, alias Patrick Callahan. has since died of
his wounds. In jumping from the wall, Samuel
Oakes broke his back,and is now in the Hospital.
Seven escaped, three of whom have been recaptur
ed, and brought back to the Penitentiary, leaving
four at large, for w hich the Keeper has offered a
reward, as will be seen by his advertisement in to
days paper.
Rozier was under sentence from Muscogee
county for forgery. Callahan was from Ohio, un
der sentence from Fulton county for larceny from
the house. Oakes was from Missouri, and under
sentence from Muscogee county for simple larce
ny.
-One of the convicts had provided himself with
false keys, and under pretence of being very ill,
called to one of the guard for medical as
sistance. While the guard was absent for his
relief, the convict descended through a “Bull’s
Eye” in the fourth story, the bricks around which
he had removed, and then with his false keys un
locked the cells of the other prisoners, and also the
outside door of the building. From tlie machine
shop, a plank was projected to the wall, from which
the descent was made, during which time the guard
was actively firing their arms, with the result
stated.
RESPECT TO THE DEAD.
In obedience to the General Order of Governor
Brows, the Flag of the Confederate States was
displayed at half Staff, on Sabbath, over the Capi
tal in this city, and at the Armory of the “ Bald
win Blues” in respect to the memory of the late
Gen. Bartow, and his compatriots in arms from
Georgia who fell in the battle at Manassas.
MUSICAL WONDER—WAR FUNDS l
Some twelve or fifteen years ago, a poor blind
negro hoy came into the world at Columbus, Geor
gia, and his kind hearted owner, Gen. BethcxE,
made no other calculation than to support him as
a dead expense on his hands. After the child was
six or eight years old, he used to slip into the
drawing room and lie down under the Piano, lis
tening to the sweet mnsic evoked by the young
ladies of the family. He was much delighted
with the harmony, and asked permission to touch
the keys of the instrument. The request of the
little blind favorite was of course granted, and to
the surprise of all, he soon learned to distinguish
the notes and to play tunes. It was at once per
ceived that he had a genius for mnsic, and his per
formances were noticed in the papers of the city.—
From that time, little blind Tom has ranked as a
prodigy. The last account we have seen of him is
from the Nashville American of 21st inst. as fol
lows :
A Patriotic and Liberal Proposition.
Mr. Perry II. Oliver, the owntr of “blind Tom,”
whose wonderful powers as a pianist have excited
the admiration of the Southern people, proposes to
give concerts in all the Drincipal towns of the South,
the whole proceeds of which he will apply for the
equipment of volunteers who join the Southern
army. He thinks he can equip from ISO to 200
men each week in this way, provided halls are fur
nished free of charge, and the taxes upon his con
certs are remitted, w hich will, of course, be done.
Mr. Oliver desires to commence his concerts in
Nashville. We endorse him as a man of honor
and integrity, who will do whatever he engages to
do. His heart is w armly enlisted in the Southern
cause. He is a native Georgian, and it is his pur
pose to join the forces or do anything which will be
most useful to the cause. So patriotic a proposi
tion ought to be at once responded to by the peo
ple, the City Councils, and the proprietors of Halls,
in the proper spirit. Will not the lessees of Ma
sonic Teu.yie tender him the use of their Concert
Hall, and will not the City Council invite him to
commence his noble work in this city ? Mr. Oli
ver is now iu Russellville, Kentucky.
The Associate Editor of the Recorder is well ac
quainted with Xr. Oliver, the owner of Tom, and
tully sustains the recommendation of the Ameri
can. Some two or three years ago Mr. Oliver vis
ited the city ol attliington in which his concerts
were attended by crowded audiences to hear the
blind prodigy; and if we mistake not he gave an
entertainment at Willard's Hotel to gratify the
members of the Japanese Embassey, who express
ed their admiration of the performance. The high
est circles of fashion and learning crowded to lis
ten to the ravishing harmony of blind Tom.
To show the furor which prevailed, some gen
tlemen of Baltimore paid Mr. Oliver four thou
sand dollars for the hire of Tom one week, and
probably made as much more by the speculation.
We think it likely the little blind negro pianist
can make 850,000, under the direction of his pa
triotic owner, for the cause oi‘ the Sooth, in the
mode proposed by Mr. Oliver. Whenever his mu
sical tour commences, there will be a great moral
triumph, such as the world never witnessed. In
one night, a negro boy, by his divine girt, has real
ized for his master more than the ordinary work of
one thousand negro men could do in a whole day.
Strange indeed are the ways of Providence. For
the present, this gift is to be exercised for the ben
efit of that portion of the African race which is in
slavery by continuing to them their natural
protectors and friends, instead of being turned
over to the cruel patronage of the Black Republi
can party.
FROM MANASSAS.
Richmond, Va., July 22.—President Davis send*
an official dispatch to the Secretary of War an
nouncing a complete and decisive victory yester
day near Manassas.
Tbe enemy, after a ten hour's battle, fled pre
cipitately in the direction of Leesburg and Cen
terville, pursued by the cavalry and light infantry
till night pat an end to the pursuit.
T he enemy left on the field of battle a larp,
quantity of stores, munitions, and arms, together
with vast piles of slain. Everywhere in the di
rection of their flight the bodies of the dead and
wounded were scattered; while the neighboring
farm houses were crowded with the enemy’i
wounded.
The Confederate forces immediately engaged
numbered about 15,000 men—those of the Federal
ists are estimated at 35,000 men. This refers to
the left wing, where the battle raged principally ;
aud does not include the right and centre, which
were only partially engaged. The entire Confed
erate forces numbered about 40,000 men, while
those of the Federalists were nearly 80,000.
The enemy lost several batteries of field artillery
and one stand of regimental colors.
No particulars have been obtained up to this
afternoon of the dead and wounded on either
side.
Gov.
ty* President Davis has appointed the Hon.
Robert Toombs a Brigadier General in the Army of
the Confederate States, and the Hon. B. M. T.
Hunter Secretary of State to succeed Mr. Toombs.
Louisiana’s Quota.—The present army of
Louisiana in the service of the Confederate States,
embraces 20,540 men, with over cue hundred pie
ces of large cannon including the batteries of the
foits. Besides these, five or six ships have been
manned and equipped in New Orleans.
TEXAS.
Houston—War Spirit—Crops—Resources of
the State, Sfc.
Extract of a letter to the Editors, dated
Hollanddale, Grimes County, Texas, 1
July 5th, 1861. f
The demagogues here, for political effect, have
tried to excite a feeling against Gov. Houston,
which, it seems, for a while, deceived Mr. Lincoln
into the belief, that Gov. Houston, and a large par
ty of his friends, were in favor of adhering to the
U. S. Government. It is needless for me to tell
you, that nine-tenths of what you have seen in the
newspapers, have been lies. Gov. Honston is an
honest man, and a patriot, and has done more for
Texas titan all of Lie A*U.r»rtor>2 pnt tngr.'tK„r : btui
when they shall have passed into oblivion, he will
be remembered and revered as one of the best
friends the people of Texas ever had. While all
were for resistance, to the fell spirit evinced by the
election of Mr. Lincoln; like the people of Geor
gia, we differed in opinion about the time and mode;
but the first evidence of a disposition to coerce,
united every man to fight to the death, in defence
of their liberties; and those who had been most
warm for co-operation, became most fierce for re
sistance. Companies have been formed in every
county, and they are constantly out in camps,
drilling and perfecting themselves in the arts of
war; and they have been kept home only by the
determination of the President, (and I think very
properly) not to accept any troops from Texas;
fully believing that they will be needed to defend
her own soil from invasion. To give you some
idea of the unanimity and spirit of the people here,
and their promptness to meet the foe—it was re
ported that 600 U. S. troops, to be re-inforced by
600 more, had entrenched themselves at Indianola,
and declared their determination to hold their po
sition. In ten days, seven thousand (7,000) men
had reached the place, armed and equipped and
ready to “wipe them out.”
Mr. Lincoln is deceived again, if he thinks he
can “ starve us out.” We have the best crops I
ever saw, and in every section of the State we hear
of a most abundant supply of forage and provisions.
Wheat, Oats, and other small grain have been har
vested, and we are having new flour all through the
country. Corn, Peas and Potatoes, were never finer,
and with care, will give a plentiful supply for three
years. Cotton and Sugar Cane bids fair to be the
best made iu many years; and our masts,—(grapes,
acorns and pecans) have all “ hit,” and are such,
as no man, out of Texas, ever saw. You may
laugh at the idea of putting a value upon the
“ grape crop,” but I am candid in saying, I be
lieve there are more grapes in twenty miles square
in my neighborhood, ikan there are in the whole
State of Georgia; and if the season is favorable,
you will be astonished at tho the quantity of wine
made, to take the place of the Cincinnati strichnine
whiskey. With all these resources, and the large
herds of fat cattle and sheep all over the State, if
Mr. Lincoln believes his only chance to subdue us
is to “starve ns out,” he had as well “call off his
dogs of war,” and acknowledge our independence.
With the exception of light cases of chill and fe
ver on the water courses, the country is generally
healthy.
University of Georgia.—From the Athens
Banner we take the following: The Board of
Trustees of the above Institution met in this city
on Friday. We have gathered the following items
of their action:
The exercises of the University will not be sus
pended, as some anticipated. The next term com
mences on the 1st September.
Professors II. M. Johnson, and W. D. Wash ten
dered their resignations to take effect at the end of
the year.
The Board gave leave of absence to Dr. Mell,
daring the period of his service in tbe Confederate
army. He receives no salary, but bis family have
the use of the dwelling free of charge.
Chancellor Lipscomb read a very interesting
report to the Board, which we will pnblish next
" The Faculty cheerfully agreed to remit 20 per
cent, of their salaries, in consequence of the re
duced receipts of the institntion.
Hou. Asbury Hull, Secretary and Treasury vol
untary relinquished his entire salary for the ensu
ing collegiate year.
Dr. Daniel Lee, Terrell, Professor of Agricul
ture, also voluntarily relinquished one-half of his
salary for the year.
Dr. Daniel Lee Terrell, Professor of Agriculture,
also voluntarily relinquished one half of his salary
for the year.
This action of the faculty and officers evinces a
self sacrificing devotion to the interests of the Col
lege, which is worthy of all commendation.
Movements at Fart Monroe.—From the move
ments of vessel sjgoing on at Fort Monroe, Wednes
day, it is thought that tho enemy were ent ry tug
away troops—probably to Washington. A brisk tir
ing near Newport News was also beard, which soaoe
receive as a token of an engagement between por
tions of Magrnder’s and Butler’s forces,—Norfolk
4rgn$.
SOUTHERN CONGRESS.
Richmond, July 22.—Congress met at noon to
day, was opened with prayer.
The following dispatch dated at Manassas, Sun
day night, was read by the Clerk.
To Adjt. Gen. S. Cooper :
“Night has closed upon a hard fought field.
Our forces have won a glorious victory. The en
emy was routed, and fled precipitately, abandon
ing a very large amount of arms, munitions, knap
sacks, and baggage. The ground was strewn for
miles with their killed, and the larm-bouses and
the grounds around were filled with the wounded.
The pursuit was continued along several routes
towards Leesburg and Centreville, until darkness
covered the fugitives.
“We Lave captured several field batteries and a
regimental stand of colors, arms, and one United
States flag. Many prisoners have been taken.
“Too high praise cannot be bestowed, whether
for the skill of the principal officers, or for the gal
lantry of all the troops;
“ The battle was mainly fought on the left, sev
eral miles from onr field works. Our force engaged
did not exceed 15,000; that or the enemy is esti
mated at 35,000.
[Signed.] Jeff. Davis,”
The following resolutions were then offered by
Mr. Memminger, of South Carolina, and were unan
imously adopted;
Resolved, That we recognize the hand of the
Most High God, the King of Kings, and Lord of
Lords, in the glorious victoiy with which he hath
crowned our army at Manassas ; and that the peo
ple of the Confederate States are invited, by ap
propriate services on the ensuing Sabbath to offer
up their United thanksgiving and praise for this
mighty deliverance.
Resolved, That deeply deploring the necessity
which has washed the soil of our country with the
blood of so many of onr noblest sons, we offer to
their respective families and friends our warmest
and most cordial sympathy, assuring them that
the sacrifices made will be consecrated in the
hearts of our people, and will there enshrine the
names of the gailant dead as the champions of free
and constitntional liberty.
Resolved, That we approve the prompt and pa
triotic efforts of the Mayor of the city of Richmond
to make provision for the wounded; aud that a
Committee of one member from each State be ap
pointed to co-operate in the plan.
Resolved, That Congress do now adjourn. Tho
city is full of rumors about the number killed and
wounded on both sides, and movements making,
but all are utter unreliable.
The body of Frances S. Bartow, and perhaps oth
ers are expected on the train to-night.
[From the Richmond Examiner. J
The First Fight at Ball’s Kan.
For more than a week the commanding Gerral
of the Confederate forces at Manassas has bee - an
ticipating an advance of the enemy, and has •> ar
ranged his troops as to be prepared at allposts.—
At Fairfax Court House, Gen. Bonham ws sta
tioned, with six regiments of infantry, composed oi
four from South Carolina (Kershaw, Casl, Wil
liams and Bacon) and two from Virginia (?reston
and Withers,) with two baiterie^of light atillery
(Shield’s Howitzers and Kemp#? * Company.) and
abont five hundred cavalry, Under comnand of
Col. Bedford, of Virginia.
At Fairfax Station, about tour miles distaitfrom
the Court House, and ontt hue with it, Gen. Ew
ell, of Virginia, was ported with three regiments
of infantry, two Alabafna (Siebles’ and Raodes.)
and one from Louisiaii (Seymour's. These regi
ments were stationed ft intervals of a mile from
each other, Rhodes’ 5si Alabama Regiment guard
ing the Braddock roai and approaches from Alex
andria, which interacts the country between the
Court House and the Station.
At both places, infantry works had been thrown
np for the protection of the troops, and at the Court
House, particularlf, extended lines of defence, in
cluding two or tRee masked batteries, had been
constructed.
At Centreville, t coumanding eminence on the
turnpike road, between Fairfax Court House and
Bull Run, Col. Cocke was stationed with his Reg
iment at Latham’s Ljght Battery. The object of
these preparations was to resist the incursion ot
anything short of a arge army into the interior,
and in the event of tin approach of a force under,
twenty thousand min to give battle and drive
them back. At theiame time, orders had been
issued, in case of au frerwhelming demonstration
oitue enemy to fall back on Boll’s Ron, the se
lected battle ground To provide for this contin
gency, the troops fir more than a week past have
been trimmed of fll superfluous baggage, and
been under orderf to keep on hand constantly
three days’ provisims in advance. Quartermas
ter and Commissary supplies have been kept in
limited amounts, aid the wagons held in constant
readiness to move off with camp equipage, Ac.
We are particular in stating these minute de
tails to give the reader an ideaof what was antic
ipated by the Commanding General, and of his
arrangements to meet the contemplated contin
gency.
On Thursday, tbs enemy felt his way cautiously
up from Alexandria and Washington, in three sep
arate columns, rf probably fifteen thousand each
—one down tie railroad, another the Braddock
road, and the third from the direction of Fall*
Church. Otr pickets were driven in about two
o’clock, and onr troops, after firing several hun
dred rounds, withdrew in order before the advanc
ing foe, and fell back on the banks of “ Bull Run,'
a stream abont four miles from Manassas and
eight from the Court House.
The “ Run” is about sixty feet wide and easily
fordable for infantry at this season of the year,
bat its points of defence against an adversary at
tempting to cross, are inviting to the military eve.
Here the retiring forces were met by Gen. Long-
street’s Brigade, consisting of tbe J 1th, 17th and
1st Virginia Regiments, under the command re
spectively of Colonels Garland, Corse and Moore,
together with artillery from New Orleans. Our
troops bivouacked tor the night in expectation of
tbe fight opening at daybreak. But the enemv
approached cautiously, beating the roads ana
woods in advance of them with skirmishers, until
abont four o’clock in the afternoon, when their
main body arrived within a half mile of the RuHi
and made three several attempts to advance on it.
and each time we^e repulsed with great slaughter.
The reports of the loss of the enemy are con
flicting, vary it from five to fifteen hundred. Cer
tain it is, their retreat had every appearance o
a signal rout, leaving, as they did their dead be
hind them, and losing six pieces of their artillery-
Two of the Virginia Regiments pursued them tor
some distance, and captured quite a number o
prisoners. The Confederate loss is estimated at
abont one hundred killed, wounded and missmg-
It is said the enemy, in their several advances be
haved at first with much spirit, quickly rallying
and closing np their mowed columns, but finally
broke, and gave way under the murderous execu
tion of our musketry and artillery.
On Wednesday afternoon dispatches were sent
to Gen. Jobnaton to repair, with a portion of bis
command, to reinforce Gen. Beauregard at Man
assas. Johnston has his entrenchments at Win
chester strongly fortified and defended with heavy
artillery, as to be able to spare at least half his con* 7
mand without any risk. The propriety of these
instructions is vindicated by a despatch in anotfi“
column announcing that Patterson has left Mar*
tinaborg and is on bis way across the Potomac^--
Johnston by this time is at Manassas, prepares
to take part in tbe fight to day, should it oc-
The enemy as they advanced diapiayeo u»
accustomed Vandalism, burning and destroying
teyed tbsir
- • es