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T, *Ht double as much as when first put to stall. This is sometimes done—it is seldom exceeded, and fatteners often fall short of it.” “It is stated in the Complete Grazer, that an unworked ox consumed for several days togeth er, 33 lbs. of hay per day. In the New York Memoirs of Agriculture, it is stated that an ox will eat every twenty-four hours 14 lbs. hay, half bushel of potatoes, and 8 quarts of meal. — It appears that the capacities of cattle for the consumption of food vary according to circum stances of size, age, condition, &c. Many far mers who engage in fattening cattle, only expect to get paid for grain, without taking into ac count the hay consumed. They however de rive the great advantage of consuming their crops on the ground, and reserving the manure to keep up the productiveness of the soil. The former who annually sells off ihc produce of his land, in the form of hay, grain, &c., soon finds the necessity of making a considerable outlay for ma nure, to compensate for culture, and often rapid deterioration. It is freely admitted in respect to hay, straw, and all of what is called “ long feed,” it is always better to consume the produce on the farm, even at a nominal loss of 25 per cent, than to carry it off any distance to market —that is to say, a farmer had best feed his hay at home, al though it may net him only G dollars per ton, in fattening his cattle, than cany it even to a short distance to market, for 8 dollars per ton. Such estimates seem to indicate that the value of arti cles consumed in fattening stock, ought not to be valued so high as the current market price.— “ Read Mr. Close’s trials” in England, “ one acre of turnips, winter fattened one ox, and yielded manure for one and a half acres of land.” If the fodder consumed on the farm net the farmer $5.00 per ton, and the average product is tw r o tons, it pays a remunerating profit per acre at 75 dollars for the land. “ The loss on cattle driven to market, is from 50 to 100 lbs. dead 'weight, in seventy-five or eighty miles. Ordinary shrinkage of cattle driven to the Brighton market, is from 30 to 35 per cant; sheep 50 per cent; oxen driven from the field and weighed, and re-weighed the following morning, have shrunk 80 or 100 pounds each.” We come to this final result, and let somebody upset it if they can. Wc will be glad to be put right. Improved husbandry necessitates the breeding JfiKN CULix and keeping of cattle, yet off of arable land—i. e. it should not be pastured. Because, the best agricultural chemists admit that what are called mercantile manures, ex haust the soil by excessive stimulation. Because the constant application of highly stimulating manures, will impoverish the land far more rapidly than if such manures w r ere not applied. Because the only manures which permanently invigorate, are those which add nourishment and depth to the soil. Because the most approved method of doing this, is by manufacturing composts on the farm ; and for this end, cattle are necessary—that the manures are in proportion to their thrift. Then stall your cattle early in the afternoon, and feed off all your long provender, to be returned to the soil after being worked up by the stock, mixed with straw, leaves, hedge and road sweepings, peat and bog muck, etc., and sell off in the spring the fattest. Never keep more than you can winter, at the rate of 10 lbs. per day, for 4 months at least in this climate. Stall-feed ing for market won’t pay, but stall-feeding as above for manure, trill. BEAUFORT. 1 mm MANUFACTORIES IN THE SOI TH. Editors Southern Cultivator. —L. A. Hansen of Mississippi in the August No., makes an attact on an essay wurtten by Col. Steadman and published in your June No. to winch I w T ish to make a brief reply, The salient point made by him to-wit: “ All advocates of establishing factories in the South, lose sight of the aU impor tant fact that the present prices of manufactured goods in the United States are artificial, based on an unjust and ruinous protective tariff” does not of course prove his it will not pay to manufacture south, l^S^^B t reverse. For the same advantages will sections in the United States under the tariff. And if the prices of manufactured goods so is that of the raw material, and the price of goods will ev er depend more or less on the prices paid for cot ton. The question of a protective tariff, is of vi tal importance to the south. If we cannot get it abolished we should and must take advantage of it, if we would be what Mr. Hansen so much de sires, an independent people. Our prosperity as an agricultural people is bounded by it. He as serts that if the present administration was super ceeded by a conserative one, the country would have the benefit of free trade. I will ask if